License cleanup: add SPDX GPL-2.0 license identifier to files with no license

Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license.

By default all files without license information are under the default
license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2.

Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0'
SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding
shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text.

This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and
Philippe Ombredanne.

How this work was done:

Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of
the use cases:
- file had no licensing information it it.
- file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it,
- file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information,

Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases
where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license
had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords.

The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to
a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the
output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX
tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the
base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files.

The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files
assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner
results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s)
to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not
immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was:
- Files considered eligible had to be source code files.
- Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5
lines of source
- File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5
lines).

All documentation files were explicitly excluded.

The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license
identifiers to apply.

- when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was
considered to have no license information in it, and the top level
COPYING file license applied.

For non */uapi/* files that summary was:

SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 11139

and resulted in the first patch in this series.

If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH
Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was:

SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930

and resulted in the second patch in this series.

- if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one
of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if
any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in
it (per prior point). Results summary:

SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270
GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17
LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15
GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14
((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5
LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4
LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1

and that resulted in the third patch in this series.

- when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became
the concluded license(s).

- when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a
license but the other didn't, or they both detected different
licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred.

- In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file
resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and
which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics).

- When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was
confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

- If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier,
the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later
in time.

In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the
spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the
source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation
by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from
FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners
disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The
Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so
they are related.

Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets
for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the
files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks
in about 15000 files.

In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have
copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the
correct identifier.

Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual
inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch
version early this week with:
- a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected
license ids and scores
- reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+
files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct
- reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license
was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied
SPDX license was correct

This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This
worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the
different types of files to be modified.

These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to
parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the
format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg
based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to
distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different
comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to
generate the patches.

Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

crush: implement weight and id overrides for straw2

bucket_straw2_choose needs to use weights that may be different from
weight_items. For instance to compensate for an uneven distribution
caused by a low number of values. Or to fix the probability biais
introduced by conditional probabilities (see
http://tracker.ceph.com/issues/15653 for more information).

We introduce a weight_set for each straw2 bucket to set the desired
weight for a given item at a given position. The weight of a given item
when picking the first replica (first position) may be different from
the weight the second replica (second position). For instance the weight
matrix for a given bucket containing items 3, 7 and 13 could be as
follows:

position 0 position 1

item 3 0x10000 0x100000
item 7 0x40000 0x10000
item 13 0x40000 0x10000

When crush_do_rule picks the first of two replicas (position 0), item 7,
3 are four times more likely to be choosen by bucket_straw2_choose than
item 13. When choosing the second replica (position 1), item 3 is ten
times more likely to be choosen than item 7, 13.

By default the weight_set of each bucket exactly matches the content of
item_weights for each position to ensure backward compatibility.

bucket_straw2_choose compares items by using their id. The same ids are
also used to index buckets and they must be unique. For each item in a
bucket an array of ids can be provided for placement purposes and they
are used instead of the ids. If no replacement ids are provided, the
legacy behavior is preserved.

Reflects ceph.git commit 19537a450fd5c5a0bb8b7830947507a76db2ceca.

Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>

crush: merge working data and scratch

Much like Arlo Guthrie, I decided that one big pile is better than two
little piles.

Reflects ceph.git commit 95c2df6c7e0b22d2ea9d91db500cf8b9441c73ba.

Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>

crush: remove mutable part of CRUSH map

Then add it to the working state. It would be very nice if we didn't
have to take a lock to calculate a crush placement. By moving the
permutation array into the working data, we can treat the CRUSH map as
immutable.

Reflects ceph.git commit cbcd039651c0569551cb90d26ce27e1432671f2a.

Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>

crush: sync up with userspace

.. up to ceph.git commit 1db1abc8328d ("crush: eliminate ad hoc diff
between kernel and userspace"). This fixes a bunch of recently pulled
coding style issues and makes includes a bit cleaner.

A patch "crush:Make the function crush_ln static" from Nicholas Krause
<xerofoify@gmail.com> is folded in as crush_ln() has been made static
in userspace as well.

Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>

crush: eliminate CRUSH_MAX_SET result size limitation

This is only present to size the temporary scratch arrays that we put on
the stack. Let the caller allocate them as they wish and remove the
limitation.

Reflects ceph.git commit 1cfe140bf2dab99517589a82a916f4c75b9492d1.

Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <ilya.dryomov@inktank.com>
Reviewed-by: Sage Weil <sage@inktank.com>

crush: pass weight vector size to map function

Pass the size of the weight vector into crush_do_rule() to ensure that we
don't access values past the end. This can happen if the caller misbehaves
and passes a weight vector that is smaller than max_devices.

Currently the monitor tries to prevent that from happening, but this will
gracefully tolerate previous bad osdmaps that got into this state. It's
also a bit more defensive.

Reflects ceph.git commit 5922e2c2b8335b5e46c9504349c3a55b7434c01a.

Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <ilya.dryomov@inktank.com>
Reviewed-by: Sage Weil <sage@inktank.com>

UAPI: (Scripted) Convert #include "..." to #include <path/...> in kernel system headers

Convert #include "..." to #include <path/...> in kernel system headers.

Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Acked-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Acked-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>

crush: remove forcefeed functionality

Remove forcefeed functionality from CRUSH. This is an ugly misfeature that
is mostly useless and unused. Remove it.

Reflects ceph.git commit ed974b5000f2851207d860a651809af4a1867942.

Reviewed-by: Alex Elder <elder@inktank.com>
Signed-off-by: Sage Weil <sage@inktank.com>

Conflicts:

net/ceph/crush/mapper.c

crush: clean up types, const-ness

Move various types from int -> __u32 (or similar), and add const as
appropriate.

This reflects changes that have been present in the userland implementation
for some time.

Reviewed-by: Alex Elder <elder@inktank.com>
Signed-off-by: Sage Weil <sage@inktank.com>

ceph: factor out libceph from Ceph file system

This factors out protocol and low-level storage parts of ceph into a
separate libceph module living in net/ceph and include/linux/ceph. This
is mostly a matter of moving files around. However, a few key pieces
of the interface change as well:

- ceph_client becomes ceph_fs_client and ceph_client, where the latter
captures the mon and osd clients, and the fs_client gets the mds client
and file system specific pieces.
- Mount option parsing and debugfs setup is correspondingly broken into
two pieces.
- The mon client gets a generic handler callback for otherwise unknown
messages (mds map, in this case).
- The basic supported/required feature bits can be expanded (and are by
ceph_fs_client).

No functional change, aside from some subtle error handling cases that got
cleaned up in the refactoring process.

Signed-off-by: Sage Weil <sage@newdream.net>