block: replace fmode_t with a block-specific type for block open flags

The only overlap between the block open flags mapped into the fmode_t and
other uses of fmode_t are FMODE_READ and FMODE_WRITE. Define a new
blk_mode_t instead for use in blkdev_get_by_{dev,path}, ->open and
->ioctl and stop abusing fmode_t.

Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Acked-by: Jack Wang <jinpu.wang@ionos.com> [rnbd]
Reviewed-by: Hannes Reinecke <hare@suse.de>
Reviewed-by: Christian Brauner <brauner@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230608110258.189493-28-hch@lst.de
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>

cdrom: remove the unused mode argument to cdrom_release

Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Phillip Potter <phil@philpotter.co.uk>
Reviewed-by: Hannes Reinecke <hare@suse.de>
Acked-by: Christian Brauner <brauner@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230608110258.189493-7-hch@lst.de
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>

cdrom: track if a cdrom_device_info was opened for data

Set a flag when a cdrom_device_info is opened for writing, instead of
trying to figure out this at release time. This will allow to eventually
remove the mode argument to the ->release block_device_operation as
nothing but the CDROM drivers uses that argument.

Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Phillip Potter <phil@philpotter.co.uk>
Acked-by: Christian Brauner <brauner@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Hannes Reinecke <hare@suse.de>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230608110258.189493-6-hch@lst.de
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>

cdrom: remove the unused cdrom_close_write release code

cdrom_close_write is empty, and the for_data flag it is keyed off is
never set. Remove all this clutter.

Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Phillip Potter <phil@philpotter.co.uk>
Reviewed-by: Hannes Reinecke <hare@suse.de>
Acked-by: Christian Brauner <brauner@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230608110258.189493-5-hch@lst.de
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>

cdrom: remove the unused mode argument to cdrom_ioctl

Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Phillip Potter <phil@philpotter.co.uk>
Reviewed-by: Hannes Reinecke <hare@suse.de>
Acked-by: Christian Brauner <brauner@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230608110258.189493-4-hch@lst.de
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>

cdrom: remove the unused bdev argument to cdrom_open

Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Phillip Potter <phil@philpotter.co.uk>
Reviewed-by: Hannes Reinecke <hare@suse.de>
Acked-by: Christian Brauner <brauner@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230608110258.189493-3-hch@lst.de
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>

cdrom: remove the unused driver specific disc change ioctl

This was only used by the ide-cd driver, which went away in
commit b7fb14d3ac63 ("ide: remove the legacy ide driver")
so we might as well take advantage of that and get rid of
this hook as well.

Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Cc: Phillip Potter <phil@philpotter.co.uk>
Signed-off-by: Paul Gortmaker <paul.gortmaker@windriver.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/all/20220427132436.12795-2-paul.gortmaker@windriver.com
Signed-off-by: Phillip Potter <phil@philpotter.co.uk>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220515205833.944139-3-phil@philpotter.co.uk
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>

drivers/cdrom: improved ioctl for media change detection

The current implementation of the CDROM_MEDIA_CHANGED ioctl relies on
global state, meaning that only one process can detect a disc change
while the ioctl call will return 0 for other calling processes afterwards
(see bug 213267).

This introduces a new cdrom ioctl, CDROM_TIMED_MEDIA_CHANGE, that
works by maintaining a timestamp of the last detected disc change instead
of a boolean flag: Processes calling this ioctl command can provide
a timestamp of the last disc change known to them and receive
an indication whether the disc was changed since then and the updated
timestamp.

I considered fixing the buggy behavior in the original
CDROM_MEDIA_CHANGED ioctl but that would require maintaining state
for each calling process in the kernel, which seems like a worse
solution than introducing this new ioctl.

Signed-off-by: Lukas Prediger <lumip@lumip.de>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/all/20210912191207.74449-1-lumip@lumip.de
Signed-off-by: Phillip Potter <phil@philpotter.co.uk>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20210913230942.1188-1-phil@philpotter.co.uk
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>

scsi: sr: cdrom: Move cdrom_read_cdda_bpc() into the sr driver

cdrom_read_cdda_bpc() relies on sending SCSI command to the low level
driver using a REQ_OP_SCSI_IN request. This isn't generic block layer
functionality, so move the actual low-level code into the sr driver and
call it through a new read_cdda_bpc method in the cdrom_device_ops
structure.

With this the CDROM code does not have to pull in scsi_normalize_sense()
and depend on CONFIG_SCSI_COMMON.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20210730072752.GB23847%40lst.de
Tested-by: Anders Roxell <anders.roxell@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Martin K. Petersen <martin.petersen@oracle.com>

cdrom: remove the unused cdrom_media_changed function

As well as the ->media_changed method. All these are left over from
before the drivers were switched over to the check_events scheme.

Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>

cdrom: factor out a cdrom_multisession helper

Factor out a version of the CDROMMULTISESSION ioctl handler that can
be called directly from kernel space.

Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Damien Le Moal <damien.lemoal@wdc.com>
Reviewed-by: Hannes Reinecke <hare@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>

cdrom: factor out a cdrom_read_tocentry helper

Factor out a version of the CDROMREADTOCENTRY ioctl handler that can
be called directly from kernel space.

Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Damien Le Moal <damien.lemoal@wdc.com>
Reviewed-by: Hannes Reinecke <hare@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>

block: add a cdrom_device_info pointer to struct gendisk

Add a pointer to the CDROM information structure to struct gendisk.
This will allow various removable media file systems to call directly
into the CDROM layer instead of abusing ioctls with kernel pointers.

Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Damien Le Moal <damien.lemoal@wdc.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>

block: Switch struct packet_command to use struct scsi_sense_hdr

There is a lot of needless struct request_sense usage in the CDROM
code. These can all be struct scsi_sense_hdr instead, to avoid any
confusion over their respective structure sizes. This patch is a lot
of noise changing "sense" to "sshdr", but the final code is more
readable to distinguish between "sense" meaning "struct request_sense"
and "sshdr" meaning "struct scsi_sense_hdr".

Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>

License cleanup: add SPDX GPL-2.0 license identifier to files with no license

Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license.

By default all files without license information are under the default
license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2.

Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0'
SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding
shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text.

This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and
Philippe Ombredanne.

How this work was done:

Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of
the use cases:
- file had no licensing information it it.
- file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it,
- file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information,

Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases
where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license
had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords.

The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to
a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the
output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX
tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the
base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files.

The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files
assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner
results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s)
to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not
immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was:
- Files considered eligible had to be source code files.
- Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5
lines of source
- File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5
lines).

All documentation files were explicitly excluded.

The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license
identifiers to apply.

- when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was
considered to have no license information in it, and the top level
COPYING file license applied.

For non */uapi/* files that summary was:

SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 11139

and resulted in the first patch in this series.

If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH
Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was:

SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930

and resulted in the second patch in this series.

- if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one
of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if
any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in
it (per prior point). Results summary:

SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270
GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17
LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15
GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14
((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5
LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4
LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1

and that resulted in the third patch in this series.

- when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became
the concluded license(s).

- when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a
license but the other didn't, or they both detected different
licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred.

- In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file
resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and
which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics).

- When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was
confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

- If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier,
the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later
in time.

In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the
spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the
source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation
by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from
FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners
disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The
Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so
they are related.

Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets
for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the
files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks
in about 15000 files.

In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have
copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the
correct identifier.

Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual
inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch
version early this week with:
- a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected
license ids and scores
- reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+
files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct
- reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license
was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied
SPDX license was correct

This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This
worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the
different types of files to be modified.

These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to
parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the
format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg
based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to
distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different
comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to
generate the patches.

Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

cdrom: Make device operations read-only

Since function tables are a common target for attackers, it's best to keep
them in read-only memory. As such, this makes the CDROM device ops tables
const. This drops additionally n_minors, since it isn't used meaningfully,
and sets the only user of cdrom_dummy_generic_packet explicitly so the
variables can all be const.

Inspired by similar changes in grsecurity/PaX.

Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Acked-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@fb.com>

UAPI: (Scripted) Disintegrate include/linux

Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Acked-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Acked-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>

device.h: audit and cleanup users in main include dir

The <linux/device.h> header includes a lot of stuff, and
it in turn gets a lot of use just for the basic "struct device"
which appears so often.

Clean up the users as follows:

1) For those headers only needing "struct device" as a pointer
in fcn args, replace the include with exactly that.

2) For headers not really using anything from device.h, simply
delete the include altogether.

3) For headers relying on getting device.h implicitly before
being included themselves, now explicitly include device.h

4) For files in which doing #1 or #2 uncovers an implicit
dependency on some other header, fix by explicitly adding
the required header(s).

Any C files that were implicitly relying on device.h to be
present have already been dealt with in advance.

Total removals from #1 and #2: 51. Total additions coming
from #3: 9. Total other implicit dependencies from #4: 7.

As of 3.3-rc1, there were 110, so a net removal of 42 gives
about a 38% reduction in device.h presence in include/*

Signed-off-by: Paul Gortmaker <paul.gortmaker@windriver.com>

cdrom: move shared static to cdrom_device_info

The keeplocked variable in the cdrom driver is shared across multiple
drives, but set in per-device ioctls. Move it to the per-device struct,
avoiding that the setting on one drive affects the driver's behavior
when closing another.

[ Impact: limit udev's confusion to one drive when a CD burning program
unlocks the CD door at the end of burning. ]

Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>

cdrom: add ->check_events() support

In principle, cdrom just needs to pass through ->check_events() but
CDROM_MEDIA_CHANGED ioctl makes things a bit more complex. Just as
with ->media_changed() support, cdrom code needs to buffer the events
and serve them to ioctl and vfs as requested.

As the code has to deal with both ->check_events() and
->media_changed(), and vfs and ioctl event buffering, this patch adds
check_events caching on top of the existing cdi->mc_flags buffering.

It may be a good idea to deprecate CDROM_MEDIA_CHANGED ioctl and
remove all this mess.

Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jaxboe@fusionio.com>

headers_check fix: linux/cdrom.h

fix the following 'make headers_check' warning:

usr/include/linux/cdrom.h:155: found __[us]{8,16,32,64} type without #include <linux/types.h>

Signed-off-by: Jaswinder Singh Rajput <jaswinderrajput@gmail.com>

[PATCH] switch cdrom_{open,release,ioctl} to sane APIs

... convert to it in callers

Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>

cdrom: make unregister_cdrom() return void

Now unregister_cdrom() always returns 0.
Make it return void and update all callers that check the return value.

Signed-off-by: Akinobu Mita <akinobu.mita@gmail.com>
Cc: Adrian McMenamin <adrian@mcmen.demon.co.uk>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <petkovbb@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>

cdrom: use list_head for cdrom_device_info list

Use list_head for cdrom_device_info list instead of opencoded
singly list handling.

Signed-off-by: Akinobu Mita <akinobu.mita@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>

ide-cd: move lba_to_msf() and msf_to_lba() to <linux/cdrom.h>

* Move lba_to_msf() and msf_to_lba() to <linux/cdrom.h>
(use 'u8' type instead of 'byte' while at it).

* Remove msf_to_lba() copy from drivers/cdrom/cdrom.c.

Acked-by: Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Bartlomiej Zolnierkiewicz <bzolnier@gmail.com>

cdrom: add more GPCMD_* constants

Add GPCMD_* constants for READ_BUFFER, WRITE_12 and WRITE_BUFFER for
completeness. These will be used libata.

Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <htejun@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Jeff Garzik <jeff@garzik.org>

Typo: depricated -> deprecated

Typo: depricated -> deprecated

Signed-off-by: Rolf Eike Beer <eike-kernel@sf-tec.de>
Signed-off-by: Adrian Bunk <bunk@kernel.org>

Convert files to UTF-8 and some cleanups

* Convert files to UTF-8.

* Also correct some people's names
(one example is Eißfeldt, which was found in a source file.
Given that the author used an ß at all in a source file
indicates that the real name has in fact a 'ß' and not an 'ss',
which is commonly used as a substitute for 'ß' when limited to
7bit.)

* Correct town names (Goettingen -> Göttingen)

* Update Eberhard Mönkeberg's address (http://lkml.org/lkml/2007/1/8/313)

Signed-off-by: Jan Engelhardt <jengelh@gmx.de>
Signed-off-by: Adrian Bunk <bunk@kernel.org>

cdrom: replace hard-coded constants by kernel.h macro.

Signed-off-by: Robert P. J. Day <rpjday@mindspring.com>
Cc: Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

[PATCH] cdrom: use unsigned bitfields

Fix 23 of these sparse warnings on x86_64 allmodconfig:
include/linux/cdrom.h:942:19: error: dubious bitfield without explicit
`signed' or `unsigned'

Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

[PATCH] cdrom: add endianness annotations

Signed-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>

[PATCH] kill cdrom ->dev_ioctl method

Since early 2.4.x all cdrom drivers implement the block_device methods
themselves, so they can handle additional ioctls directly instead of going
through the cdrom layer.

Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Acked-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>

Linux-2.6.12-rc2

Initial git repository build. I'm not bothering with the full history,
even though we have it. We can create a separate "historical" git
archive of that later if we want to, and in the meantime it's about
3.2GB when imported into git - space that would just make the early
git days unnecessarily complicated, when we don't have a lot of good
infrastructure for it.

Let it rip!