arm64: Support PREEMPT_DYNAMIC

This patch enables support for PREEMPT_DYNAMIC on arm64, allowing the
preemption model to be chosen at boot time.

Specifically, this patch selects HAVE_PREEMPT_DYNAMIC_KEY, so that each
preemption function is an out-of-line call with an early return
depending upon a static key. This leaves almost all the codegen up to
the compiler, and side-steps a number of pain points with static calls
(e.g. interaction with CFI schemes). This should have no worse overhead
than using non-inline static calls, as those use out-of-line trampolines
with early returns.

For example, the dynamic_cond_resched() wrapper looks as follows when
enabled. When disabled, the first `B` is replaced with a `NOP`,
resulting in an early return.

| <dynamic_cond_resched>:
| bti c
| b <dynamic_cond_resched+0x10> // or `nop`
| mov w0, #0x0
| ret
| mrs x0, sp_el0
| ldr x0, [x0, #8]
| cbnz x0, <dynamic_cond_resched+0x8>
| paciasp
| stp x29, x30, [sp, #-16]!
| mov x29, sp
| bl <preempt_schedule_common>
| mov w0, #0x1
| ldp x29, x30, [sp], #16
| autiasp
| ret

... compared to the regular form of the function:

| <__cond_resched>:
| bti c
| mrs x0, sp_el0
| ldr x1, [x0, #8]
| cbz x1, <__cond_resched+0x18>
| mov w0, #0x0
| ret
| paciasp
| stp x29, x30, [sp, #-16]!
| mov x29, sp
| bl <preempt_schedule_common>
| mov w0, #0x1
| ldp x29, x30, [sp], #16
| autiasp
| ret

Since arm64 does not yet use the generic entry code, we must define our
own `sk_dynamic_irqentry_exit_cond_resched`, which will be
enabled/disabled by the common code in kernel/sched/core.c. All other
preemption functions and associated static keys are defined there.

Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Acked-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Acked-by: Frederic Weisbecker <frederic@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220214165216.2231574-8-mark.rutland@arm.com

sched/core: Initialize the idle task with preemption disabled

As pointed out by commit

de9b8f5dcbd9 ("sched: Fix crash trying to dequeue/enqueue the idle thread")

init_idle() can and will be invoked more than once on the same idle
task. At boot time, it is invoked for the boot CPU thread by
sched_init(). Then smp_init() creates the threads for all the secondary
CPUs and invokes init_idle() on them.

As the hotplug machinery brings the secondaries to life, it will issue
calls to idle_thread_get(), which itself invokes init_idle() yet again.
In this case it's invoked twice more per secondary: at _cpu_up(), and at
bringup_cpu().

Given smp_init() already initializes the idle tasks for all *possible*
CPUs, no further initialization should be required. Now, removing
init_idle() from idle_thread_get() exposes some interesting expectations
with regards to the idle task's preempt_count: the secondary startup always
issues a preempt_disable(), requiring some reset of the preempt count to 0
between hot-unplug and hotplug, which is currently served by
idle_thread_get() -> idle_init().

Given the idle task is supposed to have preemption disabled once and never
see it re-enabled, it seems that what we actually want is to initialize its
preempt_count to PREEMPT_DISABLED and leave it there. Do that, and remove
init_idle() from idle_thread_get().

Secondary startups were patched via coccinelle:

@begone@
@@

-preempt_disable();
...
cpu_startup_entry(CPUHP_AP_ONLINE_IDLE);

Signed-off-by: Valentin Schneider <valentin.schneider@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20210512094636.2958515-1-valentin.schneider@arm.com

sched/rt, arm64: Use CONFIG_PREEMPTION

CONFIG_PREEMPTION is selected by CONFIG_PREEMPT and by CONFIG_PREEMPT_RT.
Both PREEMPT and PREEMPT_RT require the same functionality which today
depends on CONFIG_PREEMPT.

Switch the Kconfig dependency, entry code and preemption handling over
to use CONFIG_PREEMPTION. Add PREEMPT_RT output in show_stack().

[bigeasy: +traps.c, Kconfig]

Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Sebastian Andrzej Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
Cc: linux-arm-kernel@lists.infradead.org
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20191015191821.11479-3-bigeasy@linutronix.de
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

arm64: preempt: Provide our own implementation of asm/preempt.h

The asm-generic/preempt.h implementation doesn't make use of the
PREEMPT_NEED_RESCHED flag, since this can interact badly with load/store
architectures which rely on the preempt_count word being unchanged across
an interrupt.

However, since we're a 64-bit architecture and the preempt count is
only 32 bits wide, we can simply pack it next to the resched flag and
load the whole thing in one go, so that a dec-and-test operation doesn't
need to load twice.

Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Reviewed-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>