1.\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1990, 1993
2.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
3.\"
4.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
5.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
6.\" are met:
7.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
8.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
9.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
10.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
11.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
12.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
13.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
14.\" This product includes software developed by the University of
15.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors.
16.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
17.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
18.\" without specific prior written permission.
19.\"
20.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
21.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
22.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
23.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
24.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
25.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
26.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
27.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
28.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
29.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
30.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
31.\"
32.\" @(#)nice.1 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93
| 1.\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1990, 1993
2.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
3.\"
4.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
5.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
6.\" are met:
7.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
8.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
9.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
10.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
11.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
12.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
13.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
14.\" This product includes software developed by the University of
15.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors.
16.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
17.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
18.\" without specific prior written permission.
19.\"
20.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
21.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
22.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
23.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
24.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
25.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
26.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
27.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
28.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
29.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
30.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
31.\"
32.\" @(#)nice.1 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93
|
33.\" $FreeBSD: head/usr.bin/nice/nice.1 50477 1999-08-28 01:08:13Z peter $
| 33.\" $FreeBSD: head/usr.bin/nice/nice.1 51090 1999-09-08 15:40:46Z sheldonh $
|
34.\"
35.Dd June 6, 1993
36.Dt NICE 1
37.Os BSD 4
38.Sh NAME
39.Nm nice
40.Nd execute a command at a low scheduling priority
41.Sh SYNOPSIS
42.Nm
43.Op Fl Ns Ar number
44.Ar command
45.Op Ar arguments
46.Sh DESCRIPTION
47.Nm Nice
48runs
49.Ar command
50at a low priority.
51(Think of low and slow).
52If
53.Fl Ns Ar number
54is not given
55.Nm
56assumed the value 10.
57The priority is a value in the range -20 to 20. The default priority
58is 0, priority 20 is the lowest possible.
59.Nm Nice
60will execute
61.Ar command
62at priority
63.Ar number
64relative to the priority
65of
66.Nm nice .
67Higher priorities than the
68current process priority can only requested by the
69super-user.
70Negative numbers are expressed as
71.Fl - Ns Ar number .
72.Pp
73The returned exit status is the exit value from the
74command executed by
75.Nm nice .
| 34.\"
35.Dd June 6, 1993
36.Dt NICE 1
37.Os BSD 4
38.Sh NAME
39.Nm nice
40.Nd execute a command at a low scheduling priority
41.Sh SYNOPSIS
42.Nm
43.Op Fl Ns Ar number
44.Ar command
45.Op Ar arguments
46.Sh DESCRIPTION
47.Nm Nice
48runs
49.Ar command
50at a low priority.
51(Think of low and slow).
52If
53.Fl Ns Ar number
54is not given
55.Nm
56assumed the value 10.
57The priority is a value in the range -20 to 20. The default priority
58is 0, priority 20 is the lowest possible.
59.Nm Nice
60will execute
61.Ar command
62at priority
63.Ar number
64relative to the priority
65of
66.Nm nice .
67Higher priorities than the
68current process priority can only requested by the
69super-user.
70Negative numbers are expressed as
71.Fl - Ns Ar number .
72.Pp
73The returned exit status is the exit value from the
74command executed by
75.Nm nice .
|
| 76.Pp
77Some shells may provide a builtin
78.Nm
79command which is similar or identical to this utility. Consult
80the
81.Xr builtin 1
82manual page.
|
76.Sh EXAMPLES
77.Pp
78$ nice -5 date
79.Pp
80Execute command
81.Sq date
82at priority 5 assuming the priority of the
83shell is 0.
84.Pp
85# nice -16 nice --35 date
86.Pp
87Execute command
88.Sq date
89at priority -19 assuming the priority of the
90shell is 0 and you are the super-user.
91.Sh SEE ALSO
| 83.Sh EXAMPLES
84.Pp
85$ nice -5 date
86.Pp
87Execute command
88.Sq date
89at priority 5 assuming the priority of the
90shell is 0.
91.Pp
92# nice -16 nice --35 date
93.Pp
94Execute command
95.Sq date
96at priority -19 assuming the priority of the
97shell is 0 and you are the super-user.
98.Sh SEE ALSO
|
| 99.Xr builtin 1 ,
|
92.Xr csh 1 ,
93.Xr idprio 1 ,
94.Xr rtprio 1 ,
95.Xr getpriority 2 ,
96.Xr setpriority 2 ,
97.Xr renice 8
98.Sh HISTORY
99A
100.Nm
101command appeared in
102.At v6 .
| 100.Xr csh 1 ,
101.Xr idprio 1 ,
102.Xr rtprio 1 ,
103.Xr getpriority 2 ,
104.Xr setpriority 2 ,
105.Xr renice 8
106.Sh HISTORY
107A
108.Nm
109command appeared in
110.At v6 .
|
103.Sh BUGS
104.Nm Nice
105is particular to
106.Xr sh 1 .
107If you use
108.Xr csh 1 ,
109then commands executed with ``&'' are automatically immune to hangup
110signals while in the background.
111.Pp
112.Nm Nice
113is built into
114.Xr csh 1
115with a slightly different syntax than described here. The form
116.Ql nice +10
117nices to positive nice, and
118.Ql nice \-10
119can be used
120by the super-user to give a process more of the processor.
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