| europe (267473) | europe (270728) |
|---|---|
| 1# <pre> | |
| 2# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of 3# 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson. 4 5# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better, 6# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to 7# tz@iana.org for general use in the future). 8 9# From Paul Eggert (2014-05-31): --- 24 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 34# [PDF] (1914-03) 35# 36# Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94 37# <http://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359>. He writes: 38# "It is requested that corrections and additions to these tables 39# may be sent to Mr. John Milne, Royal Geographical Society, 40# Savile Row, London." Nowadays please email them to tz@iana.org. 41# | 1# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of 2# 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson. 3 4# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better, 5# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to 6# tz@iana.org for general use in the future). 7 8# From Paul Eggert (2014-05-31): --- 24 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 33# [PDF] (1914-03) 34# 35# Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94 36# <http://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359>. He writes: 37# "It is requested that corrections and additions to these tables 38# may be sent to Mr. John Milne, Royal Geographical Society, 39# Savile Row, London." Nowadays please email them to tz@iana.org. 40# |
| 42# Brazil's Departamento Servico da Hora (DSH), 43# <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HISTHV.htm"> | 41# Brazil's Divis��o Servi��o da Hora (DSHO), |
| 44# History of Summer Time | 42# History of Summer Time |
| 45# </a> (1998-09-21, in Portuguese) | 43# <http://pcdsh01.on.br/HISTHV.htm> 44# (1998-09-21, in Portuguese) |
| 46 47# 48# I invented the abbreviations marked '*' in the following table; 49# the rest are from earlier versions of this file, or from other sources. 50# Corrections are welcome! 51# std dst 2dst 52# LMT Local Mean Time 53# -4:00 AST ADT Atlantic 54# -3:00 WGT WGST Western Greenland* 55# -1:00 EGT EGST Eastern Greenland* 56# 0:00 GMT BST BDST Greenwich, British Summer 57# 0:00 GMT IST Greenwich, Irish Summer 58# 0:00 WET WEST WEMT Western Europe 59# 0:19:32.13 AMT NST Amsterdam, Netherlands Summer (1835-1937)* 60# 0:20 NET NEST Netherlands (1937-1940)* 61# 1:00 CET CEST CEMT Central Europe 62# 1:00:14 SET Swedish (1879-1899)* 63# 2:00 EET EEST Eastern Europe | 45 46# 47# I invented the abbreviations marked '*' in the following table; 48# the rest are from earlier versions of this file, or from other sources. 49# Corrections are welcome! 50# std dst 2dst 51# LMT Local Mean Time 52# -4:00 AST ADT Atlantic 53# -3:00 WGT WGST Western Greenland* 54# -1:00 EGT EGST Eastern Greenland* 55# 0:00 GMT BST BDST Greenwich, British Summer 56# 0:00 GMT IST Greenwich, Irish Summer 57# 0:00 WET WEST WEMT Western Europe 58# 0:19:32.13 AMT NST Amsterdam, Netherlands Summer (1835-1937)* 59# 0:20 NET NEST Netherlands (1937-1940)* 60# 1:00 CET CEST CEMT Central Europe 61# 1:00:14 SET Swedish (1879-1899)* 62# 2:00 EET EEST Eastern Europe |
| 63# 3:00 FET Further-eastern Europe* |
|
| 64# 3:00 MSK MSD MSM* Moscow 65 66# From Peter Ilieve (1994-12-04), 67# The original six [EU members]: Belgium, France, (West) Germany, Italy, 68# Luxembourg, the Netherlands. 69# Plus, from 1 Jan 73: Denmark, Ireland, United Kingdom. 70# Plus, from 1 Jan 81: Greece. 71# Plus, from 1 Jan 86: Spain, Portugal. --- 28 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 100# beside the river at Kew. In the 18th century, before time and longitude 101# was standardised by the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, scholars observed 102# this stone and the movement of stars from Kew Observatory nearby. They 103# made their calculations and set the time for the Horse Guards and Parliament, 104# but now the stone is obscured by scrubwood and can only be seen by walking 105# along the towpath within a few yards of it.' 106# 107# I have a one inch to one mile map of London and my estimate of the stone's | 64# 3:00 MSK MSD MSM* Moscow 65 66# From Peter Ilieve (1994-12-04), 67# The original six [EU members]: Belgium, France, (West) Germany, Italy, 68# Luxembourg, the Netherlands. 69# Plus, from 1 Jan 73: Denmark, Ireland, United Kingdom. 70# Plus, from 1 Jan 81: Greece. 71# Plus, from 1 Jan 86: Spain, Portugal. --- 28 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 100# beside the river at Kew. In the 18th century, before time and longitude 101# was standardised by the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, scholars observed 102# this stone and the movement of stars from Kew Observatory nearby. They 103# made their calculations and set the time for the Horse Guards and Parliament, 104# but now the stone is obscured by scrubwood and can only be seen by walking 105# along the towpath within a few yards of it.' 106# 107# I have a one inch to one mile map of London and my estimate of the stone's |
| 108# position is 51 deg. 28' 30" N, 0 deg. 18' 45" W. The longitude should | 108# position is 51 degrees 28' 30" N, 0 degrees 18' 45" W. The longitude should |
| 109# be within about +-2". The Ordnance Survey grid reference is TQ172761. 110# 111# [This yields GMTOFF = -0:01:15 for London LMT in the 18th century.] 112 113# From Paul Eggert (1993-11-18): 114# 115# Howse writes that Britain was the first country to use standard time. 116# The railways cared most about the inconsistencies of local mean time, --- 15 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 132# to oddities like polls opening at 08:13 and closing at 16:13. 133# The legal system finally switched to GMT when the Statutes (Definition 134# of Time) Act took effect; it received the Royal Assent on 1880-08-02. 135# 136# In the tables below, we condense this complicated story into a single 137# transition date for London, namely 1847-12-01. We don't know as much 138# about Dublin, so we use 1880-08-02, the legal transition time. 139 | 109# be within about +-2". The Ordnance Survey grid reference is TQ172761. 110# 111# [This yields GMTOFF = -0:01:15 for London LMT in the 18th century.] 112 113# From Paul Eggert (1993-11-18): 114# 115# Howse writes that Britain was the first country to use standard time. 116# The railways cared most about the inconsistencies of local mean time, --- 15 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 132# to oddities like polls opening at 08:13 and closing at 16:13. 133# The legal system finally switched to GMT when the Statutes (Definition 134# of Time) Act took effect; it received the Royal Assent on 1880-08-02. 135# 136# In the tables below, we condense this complicated story into a single 137# transition date for London, namely 1847-12-01. We don't know as much 138# about Dublin, so we use 1880-08-02, the legal transition time. 139 |
| 140# From Paul Eggert (2003-09-27): 141# Summer Time was first seriously proposed by William Willett (1857-1915), | 140# From Paul Eggert (2014-07-19): 141# The ancients had no need for daylight saving, as they kept time 142# informally or via hours whose length depended on the time of year. 143# Daylight saving time in its modern sense was invented by the 144# New Zealand entomologist George Vernon Hudson (1867-1946), 145# whose day job as a postal clerk led him to value 146# after-hours daylight in which to pursue his research. 147# In 1895 he presented a paper to the Wellington Philosophical Society 148# that proposed a two-hour daylight-saving shift. See: 149# Hudson GV. On seasonal time-adjustment in countries south of lat. 30 deg. 150# Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute. 1895;28:734 151# http://rsnz.natlib.govt.nz/volume/rsnz_28/rsnz_28_00_006110.html 152# Although some interest was expressed in New Zealand, his proposal 153# did not find its way into law and eventually it was almost forgotten. 154# 155# In England, DST was independently reinvented by William Willett (1857-1915), |
| 142# a London builder and member of the Royal Astronomical Society 143# who circulated a pamphlet "The Waste of Daylight" (1907) 144# that proposed advancing clocks 20 minutes on each of four Sundays in April, 145# and retarding them by the same amount on four Sundays in September. 146# A bill was drafted in 1909 and introduced in Parliament several times, 147# but it met with ridicule and opposition, especially from farming interests. 148# Later editions of the pamphlet proposed one-hour summer time, and 149# it was eventually adopted as a wartime measure in 1916. 150# See: Summer Time Arrives Early, The Times (2000-05-18). 151# A monument to Willett was unveiled on 1927-05-21, in an open space in 152# a 45-acre wood near Chislehurst, Kent that was purchased by popular 153# subscription and open to the public. On the south face of the monolith, | 156# a London builder and member of the Royal Astronomical Society 157# who circulated a pamphlet "The Waste of Daylight" (1907) 158# that proposed advancing clocks 20 minutes on each of four Sundays in April, 159# and retarding them by the same amount on four Sundays in September. 160# A bill was drafted in 1909 and introduced in Parliament several times, 161# but it met with ridicule and opposition, especially from farming interests. 162# Later editions of the pamphlet proposed one-hour summer time, and 163# it was eventually adopted as a wartime measure in 1916. 164# See: Summer Time Arrives Early, The Times (2000-05-18). 165# A monument to Willett was unveiled on 1927-05-21, in an open space in 166# a 45-acre wood near Chislehurst, Kent that was purchased by popular 167# subscription and open to the public. On the south face of the monolith, |
| 154# designed by G. W. Miller, is the...William Willett Memorial Sundial, | 168# designed by G. W. Miller, is the William Willett Memorial Sundial, |
| 155# which is permanently set to Summer Time. 156 157# From Winston Churchill (1934-04-28): 158# It is one of the paradoxes of history that we should owe the boon of 159# summer time, which gives every year to the people of this country 160# between 160 and 170 hours more daylight leisure, to a war which 161# plunged Europe into darkness for four years, and shook the 162# foundations of civilization throughout the world. | 169# which is permanently set to Summer Time. 170 171# From Winston Churchill (1934-04-28): 172# It is one of the paradoxes of history that we should owe the boon of 173# summer time, which gives every year to the people of this country 174# between 160 and 170 hours more daylight leisure, to a war which 175# plunged Europe into darkness for four years, and shook the 176# foundations of civilization throughout the world. |
| 163# -- <a href="http://www.winstonchurchill.org/fh114willett.htm"> | 177# <http://www.winstonchurchill.org/images/finesthour/Vol.01%20No.114.pdf> |
| 164# "A Silent Toast to William Willett", Pictorial Weekly | 178# "A Silent Toast to William Willett", Pictorial Weekly |
| 165# </a> | |
| 166 167# From Paul Eggert (1996-09-03): 168# The OED Supplement says that the English originally said "Daylight Saving" 169# when they were debating the adoption of DST in 1908; but by 1916 this 170# term appears only in quotes taken from DST's opponents, whereas the 171# proponents (who eventually won the argument) are quoted as using "Summer". 172 173# From Arthur David Olson (1989-01-19): | 179 180# From Paul Eggert (1996-09-03): 181# The OED Supplement says that the English originally said "Daylight Saving" 182# when they were debating the adoption of DST in 1908; but by 1916 this 183# term appears only in quotes taken from DST's opponents, whereas the 184# proponents (who eventually won the argument) are quoted as using "Summer". 185 186# From Arthur David Olson (1989-01-19): |
| 174# | |
| 175# A source at the British Information Office in New York avers that it's 176# known as "British" Summer Time in all parts of the United Kingdom. 177 178# Date: 4 Jan 89 08:57:25 GMT (Wed) 179# From: Jonathan Leffler 180# [British Summer Time] is fixed annually by Act of Parliament. 181# If you can predict what Parliament will do, you should be in 182# politics making a fortune, not computing. --- 29 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 212# and follows the more usual convention of putting the location name first, 213# so we use 'BDST'. 214 215# Peter Ilieve (1998-04-19) described at length 216# the history of summer time legislation in the United Kingdom. 217# Since 1998 Joseph S. Myers has been updating 218# and extending this list, which can be found in 219# http://student.cusu.cam.ac.uk/~jsm28/british-time/ | 187# A source at the British Information Office in New York avers that it's 188# known as "British" Summer Time in all parts of the United Kingdom. 189 190# Date: 4 Jan 89 08:57:25 GMT (Wed) 191# From: Jonathan Leffler 192# [British Summer Time] is fixed annually by Act of Parliament. 193# If you can predict what Parliament will do, you should be in 194# politics making a fortune, not computing. --- 29 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 224# and follows the more usual convention of putting the location name first, 225# so we use 'BDST'. 226 227# Peter Ilieve (1998-04-19) described at length 228# the history of summer time legislation in the United Kingdom. 229# Since 1998 Joseph S. Myers has been updating 230# and extending this list, which can be found in 231# http://student.cusu.cam.ac.uk/~jsm28/british-time/ |
| 220# <a href="http://www.polyomino.org.uk/british-time/"> | |
| 221# History of legal time in Britain | 232# History of legal time in Britain |
| 222# </a> 223# Rob Crowther (2012-01-04) reports that that URL no longer 224# exists, and the article can now be found at: 225# <a href="http://www.polyomino.org.uk/british-time/"> | |
| 226# http://www.polyomino.org.uk/british-time/ | 233# http://www.polyomino.org.uk/british-time/ |
| 227# </a> | |
| 228 229# From Joseph S. Myers (1998-01-06): 230# 231# The legal time in the UK outside of summer time is definitely GMT, not UTC; 232# see Lord Tanlaw's speech | 234 235# From Joseph S. Myers (1998-01-06): 236# 237# The legal time in the UK outside of summer time is definitely GMT, not UTC; 238# see Lord Tanlaw's speech |
| 233# <a href="http://www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk/pa/ld199697/ldhansrd/pdvn/lds97/text/70611-20.htm#70611-20_head0"> 234# (Lords Hansard 11 June 1997 columns 964 to 976) 235# </a>. | 239# <http://www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk/pa/ld199697/ldhansrd/pdvn/lds97/text/70611-20.htm#70611-20_head0> 240# (Lords Hansard 11 June 1997 columns 964 to 976). |
| 236 237# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 238# 239# For lack of other data, follow Shanks & Pottenger for Eire in 1940-1948. 240# 241# Given Ilieve and Myers's data, the following claims by Shanks & Pottenger 242# are incorrect: 243# * Wales did not switch from GMT to daylight saving time until --- 23 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 267# Perhaps this was Dunsink Observatory Time, as Dunsink Observatory 268# (8 km NW of Dublin's center) seemingly was to Dublin as Greenwich was 269# to London. For example: 270# 271# "Timeball on the ballast office is down. Dunsink time." 272# -- James Joyce, Ulysses 273 274# From Joseph S. Myers (2005-01-26): | 241 242# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 243# 244# For lack of other data, follow Shanks & Pottenger for Eire in 1940-1948. 245# 246# Given Ilieve and Myers's data, the following claims by Shanks & Pottenger 247# are incorrect: 248# * Wales did not switch from GMT to daylight saving time until --- 23 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 272# Perhaps this was Dunsink Observatory Time, as Dunsink Observatory 273# (8 km NW of Dublin's center) seemingly was to Dublin as Greenwich was 274# to London. For example: 275# 276# "Timeball on the ballast office is down. Dunsink time." 277# -- James Joyce, Ulysses 278 279# From Joseph S. Myers (2005-01-26): |
| 275# Irish laws are available online at www.irishstatutebook.ie. These include 276# various relating to legal time, for example: | 280# Irish laws are available online at <http://www.irishstatutebook.ie>. 281# These include various relating to legal time, for example: |
| 277# 278# ZZA13Y1923.html ZZA12Y1924.html ZZA8Y1925.html ZZSIV20PG1267.html 279# 280# ZZSI71Y1947.html ZZSI128Y1948.html ZZSI23Y1949.html ZZSI41Y1950.html 281# ZZSI27Y1951.html ZZSI73Y1952.html 282# 283# ZZSI11Y1961.html ZZSI232Y1961.html ZZSI182Y1962.html 284# ZZSI167Y1963.html ZZSI257Y1964.html ZZSI198Y1967.html --- 182 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 467# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 468Rule EU 1977 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 1:00u 1:00 S 469Rule EU 1977 only - Sep lastSun 1:00u 0 - 470Rule EU 1978 only - Oct 1 1:00u 0 - 471Rule EU 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 1:00u 0 - 472Rule EU 1981 max - Mar lastSun 1:00u 1:00 S 473Rule EU 1996 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u 0 - 474# The most recent directive covers the years starting in 2002. See: | 282# 283# ZZA13Y1923.html ZZA12Y1924.html ZZA8Y1925.html ZZSIV20PG1267.html 284# 285# ZZSI71Y1947.html ZZSI128Y1948.html ZZSI23Y1949.html ZZSI41Y1950.html 286# ZZSI27Y1951.html ZZSI73Y1952.html 287# 288# ZZSI11Y1961.html ZZSI232Y1961.html ZZSI182Y1962.html 289# ZZSI167Y1963.html ZZSI257Y1964.html ZZSI198Y1967.html --- 182 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 472# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 473Rule EU 1977 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 1:00u 1:00 S 474Rule EU 1977 only - Sep lastSun 1:00u 0 - 475Rule EU 1978 only - Oct 1 1:00u 0 - 476Rule EU 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 1:00u 0 - 477Rule EU 1981 max - Mar lastSun 1:00u 1:00 S 478Rule EU 1996 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u 0 - 479# The most recent directive covers the years starting in 2002. See: |
| 475# <a="http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:32000L0084:EN:NOT"> | |
| 476# Directive 2000/84/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council 477# of 19 January 2001 on summer-time arrangements. | 480# Directive 2000/84/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council 481# of 19 January 2001 on summer-time arrangements. |
| 478# </a> | 482# <http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:32000L0084:EN:NOT> |
| 479 480# W-Eur differs from EU only in that W-Eur uses standard time. 481Rule W-Eur 1977 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 1:00s 1:00 S 482Rule W-Eur 1977 only - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 - 483Rule W-Eur 1978 only - Oct 1 1:00s 0 - 484Rule W-Eur 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 - 485Rule W-Eur 1981 max - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 S 486Rule W-Eur 1996 max - Oct lastSun 1:00s 0 - --- 6 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 493Rule C-Eur 1917 1918 - Sep Mon>=15 2:00s 0 - 494Rule C-Eur 1940 only - Apr 1 2:00s 1:00 S 495Rule C-Eur 1942 only - Nov 2 2:00s 0 - 496Rule C-Eur 1943 only - Mar 29 2:00s 1:00 S 497Rule C-Eur 1943 only - Oct 4 2:00s 0 - 498Rule C-Eur 1944 1945 - Apr Mon>=1 2:00s 1:00 S 499# Whitman gives 1944 Oct 7; go with Shanks & Pottenger. 500Rule C-Eur 1944 only - Oct 2 2:00s 0 - | 483 484# W-Eur differs from EU only in that W-Eur uses standard time. 485Rule W-Eur 1977 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 1:00s 1:00 S 486Rule W-Eur 1977 only - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 - 487Rule W-Eur 1978 only - Oct 1 1:00s 0 - 488Rule W-Eur 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 - 489Rule W-Eur 1981 max - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 S 490Rule W-Eur 1996 max - Oct lastSun 1:00s 0 - --- 6 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 497Rule C-Eur 1917 1918 - Sep Mon>=15 2:00s 0 - 498Rule C-Eur 1940 only - Apr 1 2:00s 1:00 S 499Rule C-Eur 1942 only - Nov 2 2:00s 0 - 500Rule C-Eur 1943 only - Mar 29 2:00s 1:00 S 501Rule C-Eur 1943 only - Oct 4 2:00s 0 - 502Rule C-Eur 1944 1945 - Apr Mon>=1 2:00s 1:00 S 503# Whitman gives 1944 Oct 7; go with Shanks & Pottenger. 504Rule C-Eur 1944 only - Oct 2 2:00s 0 - |
| 501# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2008-07-13): | 505# From Jesper N��rgaard Welen (2008-07-13): |
| 502# 503# I found what is probably a typo of 2:00 which should perhaps be 2:00s 504# in the C-Eur rule from tz database version 2008d (this part was | 506# 507# I found what is probably a typo of 2:00 which should perhaps be 2:00s 508# in the C-Eur rule from tz database version 2008d (this part was |
| 505# corrected in version 2008d). The circumstancial evidence is simply the | 509# corrected in version 2008d). The circumstantial evidence is simply the |
| 506# tz database itself, as seen below: 507# 508# Zone Europe/Paris 0:09:21 - LMT 1891 Mar 15 0:01 509# 0:00 France WE%sT 1945 Sep 16 3:00 510# 511# Zone Europe/Monaco 0:29:32 - LMT 1891 Mar 15 512# 0:00 France WE%sT 1945 Sep 16 3:00 513# --- 65 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 579Rule Russia 1996 2010 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 - 580 581# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2011-06-14): 582# According to Kremlin press service, Russian President Dmitry Medvedev 583# signed a federal law "On calculation of time" on June 9, 2011. 584# According to the law Russia is abolishing daylight saving time. 585# 586# Medvedev signed a law "On the Calculation of Time" (in russian): | 510# tz database itself, as seen below: 511# 512# Zone Europe/Paris 0:09:21 - LMT 1891 Mar 15 0:01 513# 0:00 France WE%sT 1945 Sep 16 3:00 514# 515# Zone Europe/Monaco 0:29:32 - LMT 1891 Mar 15 516# 0:00 France WE%sT 1945 Sep 16 3:00 517# --- 65 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 583Rule Russia 1996 2010 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 - 584 585# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2011-06-14): 586# According to Kremlin press service, Russian President Dmitry Medvedev 587# signed a federal law "On calculation of time" on June 9, 2011. 588# According to the law Russia is abolishing daylight saving time. 589# 590# Medvedev signed a law "On the Calculation of Time" (in russian): |
| 587# <a href="http://bmockbe.ru/events/?ID=7583"> | |
| 588# http://bmockbe.ru/events/?ID=7583 | 591# http://bmockbe.ru/events/?ID=7583 |
| 589# </a> | |
| 590# 591# Medvedev signed a law on the calculation of the time (in russian): | 592# 593# Medvedev signed a law on the calculation of the time (in russian): |
| 592# <a href="http://www.regnum.ru/news/polit/1413906.html"> | |
| 593# http://www.regnum.ru/news/polit/1413906.html | 594# http://www.regnum.ru/news/polit/1413906.html |
| 594# </a> | |
| 595 596# From Arthur David Olson (2011-06-15): 597# Take "abolishing daylight saving time" to mean that time is now considered 598# to be standard. 599 600# These are for backward compatibility with older versions. 601 602# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 603Zone WET 0:00 EU WE%sT 604Zone CET 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 605Zone MET 1:00 C-Eur ME%sT 606Zone EET 2:00 EU EE%sT 607 608# Previous editions of this database used abbreviations like MET DST 609# for Central European Summer Time, but this didn't agree with common usage. 610 611# From Markus Kuhn (1996-07-12): 612# The official German names ... are 613# | 595 596# From Arthur David Olson (2011-06-15): 597# Take "abolishing daylight saving time" to mean that time is now considered 598# to be standard. 599 600# These are for backward compatibility with older versions. 601 602# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 603Zone WET 0:00 EU WE%sT 604Zone CET 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 605Zone MET 1:00 C-Eur ME%sT 606Zone EET 2:00 EU EE%sT 607 608# Previous editions of this database used abbreviations like MET DST 609# for Central European Summer Time, but this didn't agree with common usage. 610 611# From Markus Kuhn (1996-07-12): 612# The official German names ... are 613# |
| 614# Mitteleuropaeische Zeit (MEZ) = UTC+01:00 615# Mitteleuropaeische Sommerzeit (MESZ) = UTC+02:00 | 614# Mitteleurop��ische Zeit (MEZ) = UTC+01:00 615# Mitteleurop��ische Sommerzeit (MESZ) = UTC+02:00 |
| 616# | 616# |
| 617# as defined in the German Time Act (Gesetz ueber die Zeitbestimmung (ZeitG), | 617# as defined in the German Time Act (Gesetz ��ber die Zeitbestimmung (ZeitG), |
| 618# 1978-07-25, Bundesgesetzblatt, Jahrgang 1978, Teil I, S. 1110-1111).... 619# I wrote ... to the German Federal Physical-Technical Institution 620# 621# Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) 622# Laboratorium 4.41 "Zeiteinheit" 623# Postfach 3345 624# D-38023 Braunschweig 625# phone: +49 531 592-0 --- 77 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 703 1:00 EU CE%sT 704 705# Belarus 706# From Yauhen Kharuzhy (2011-09-16): 707# By latest Belarus government act Europe/Minsk timezone was changed to 708# GMT+3 without DST (was GMT+2 with DST). 709# 710# Sources (Russian language): | 618# 1978-07-25, Bundesgesetzblatt, Jahrgang 1978, Teil I, S. 1110-1111).... 619# I wrote ... to the German Federal Physical-Technical Institution 620# 621# Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) 622# Laboratorium 4.41 "Zeiteinheit" 623# Postfach 3345 624# D-38023 Braunschweig 625# phone: +49 531 592-0 --- 77 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 703 1:00 EU CE%sT 704 705# Belarus 706# From Yauhen Kharuzhy (2011-09-16): 707# By latest Belarus government act Europe/Minsk timezone was changed to 708# GMT+3 without DST (was GMT+2 with DST). 709# 710# Sources (Russian language): |
| 711# 1. 712# <a href="http://www.belta.by/ru/all_news/society/V-Belarusi-otmenjaetsja-perexod-na-sezonnoe-vremja_i_572952.html"> | |
| 713# http://www.belta.by/ru/all_news/society/V-Belarusi-otmenjaetsja-perexod-na-sezonnoe-vremja_i_572952.html | 711# http://www.belta.by/ru/all_news/society/V-Belarusi-otmenjaetsja-perexod-na-sezonnoe-vremja_i_572952.html |
| 714# </a> 715# 2. 716# <a href="http://naviny.by/rubrics/society/2011/09/16/ic_articles_116_175144/"> | |
| 717# http://naviny.by/rubrics/society/2011/09/16/ic_articles_116_175144/ | 712# http://naviny.by/rubrics/society/2011/09/16/ic_articles_116_175144/ |
| 718# </a> 719# 3. 720# <a href="http://news.tut.by/society/250578.html"> | |
| 721# http://news.tut.by/society/250578.html | 713# http://news.tut.by/society/250578.html |
| 722# </a> | |
| 723# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 724Zone Europe/Minsk 1:50:16 - LMT 1880 725 1:50 - MMT 1924 May 2 # Minsk Mean Time 726 2:00 - EET 1930 Jun 21 727 3:00 - MSK 1941 Jun 28 728 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Jul 3 729 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1990 730 3:00 - MSK 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 731 2:00 1:00 EEST 1991 Sep 29 2:00s 732 2:00 - EET 1992 Mar 29 0:00s 733 2:00 1:00 EEST 1992 Sep 27 0:00s 734 2:00 Russia EE%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s | 714# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 715Zone Europe/Minsk 1:50:16 - LMT 1880 716 1:50 - MMT 1924 May 2 # Minsk Mean Time 717 2:00 - EET 1930 Jun 21 718 3:00 - MSK 1941 Jun 28 719 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Jul 3 720 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1990 721 3:00 - MSK 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 722 2:00 1:00 EEST 1991 Sep 29 2:00s 723 2:00 - EET 1992 Mar 29 0:00s 724 2:00 1:00 EEST 1992 Sep 27 0:00s 725 2:00 Russia EE%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s |
| 735 3:00 - FET # Further-eastern European Time | 726 3:00 - FET |
| 736 737# Belgium 738# 739# From Paul Eggert (1997-07-02): 740# Entries from 1918 through 1991 are taken from: 741# Annuaire de L'Observatoire Royal de Belgique, | 727 728# Belgium 729# 730# From Paul Eggert (1997-07-02): 731# Entries from 1918 through 1991 are taken from: 732# Annuaire de L'Observatoire Royal de Belgique, |
| 742# Avenue Circulaire, 3, B-1180 BRUXELLES, CLVIIe annee, 1991 | 733# Avenue Circulaire, 3, B-1180 BRUXELLES, CLVIIe ann��e, 1991 |
| 743# (Imprimerie HAYEZ, s.p.r.l., Rue Fin, 4, 1080 BRUXELLES, MCMXC), 744# pp 8-9. 745# LMT before 1892 was 0:17:30, according to the official journal of Belgium: 746# Moniteur Belge, Samedi 30 Avril 1892, N.121. 747# Thanks to Pascal Delmoitie for these references. 748# The 1918 rules are listed for completeness; they apply to unoccupied Belgium. 749# Assume Brussels switched to WET in 1918 when the armistice took effect. 750# --- 49 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 800 801# Bosnia and Herzegovina 802# See Europe/Belgrade. 803 804# Bulgaria 805# 806# From Plamen Simenov via Steffen Thorsen (1999-09-09): 807# A document of Government of Bulgaria (No.94/1997) says: | 734# (Imprimerie HAYEZ, s.p.r.l., Rue Fin, 4, 1080 BRUXELLES, MCMXC), 735# pp 8-9. 736# LMT before 1892 was 0:17:30, according to the official journal of Belgium: 737# Moniteur Belge, Samedi 30 Avril 1892, N.121. 738# Thanks to Pascal Delmoitie for these references. 739# The 1918 rules are listed for completeness; they apply to unoccupied Belgium. 740# Assume Brussels switched to WET in 1918 when the armistice took effect. 741# --- 49 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 791 792# Bosnia and Herzegovina 793# See Europe/Belgrade. 794 795# Bulgaria 796# 797# From Plamen Simenov via Steffen Thorsen (1999-09-09): 798# A document of Government of Bulgaria (No.94/1997) says: |
| 808# EET --> EETDST is in 03:00 Local time in last Sunday of March ... 809# EETDST --> EET is in 04:00 Local time in last Sunday of October | 799# EET -> EETDST is in 03:00 Local time in last Sunday of March ... 800# EETDST -> EET is in 04:00 Local time in last Sunday of October |
| 810# 811# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 812Rule Bulg 1979 only - Mar 31 23:00 1:00 S 813Rule Bulg 1979 only - Oct 1 1:00 0 - 814Rule Bulg 1980 1982 - Apr Sat>=1 23:00 1:00 S 815Rule Bulg 1980 only - Sep 29 1:00 0 - 816Rule Bulg 1981 only - Sep 27 2:00 0 - 817# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] --- 28 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 846 0:57:44 - PMT 1891 Oct # Prague Mean Time 847 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Sep 17 2:00s 848 1:00 Czech CE%sT 1979 849 1:00 EU CE%sT 850# Use Europe/Prague also for Slovakia. 851 852# Denmark, Faroe Islands, and Greenland 853 | 801# 802# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 803Rule Bulg 1979 only - Mar 31 23:00 1:00 S 804Rule Bulg 1979 only - Oct 1 1:00 0 - 805Rule Bulg 1980 1982 - Apr Sat>=1 23:00 1:00 S 806Rule Bulg 1980 only - Sep 29 1:00 0 - 807Rule Bulg 1981 only - Sep 27 2:00 0 - 808# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] --- 28 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 837 0:57:44 - PMT 1891 Oct # Prague Mean Time 838 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Sep 17 2:00s 839 1:00 Czech CE%sT 1979 840 1:00 EU CE%sT 841# Use Europe/Prague also for Slovakia. 842 843# Denmark, Faroe Islands, and Greenland 844 |
| 854# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2005-04-26): | 845# From Jesper N��rgaard Welen (2005-04-26): |
| 855# http://www.hum.aau.dk/~poe/tid/tine/DanskTid.htm says that the law 856# [introducing standard time] was in effect from 1894-01-01.... 857# The page http://www.retsinfo.dk/_GETDOCI_/ACCN/A18930008330-REGL 858# confirms this, and states that the law was put forth 1893-03-29. 859# 860# The EU treaty with effect from 1973: 861# http://www.retsinfo.dk/_GETDOCI_/ACCN/A19722110030-REGL 862# 863# This provoked a new law from 1974 to make possible summer time changes | 846# http://www.hum.aau.dk/~poe/tid/tine/DanskTid.htm says that the law 847# [introducing standard time] was in effect from 1894-01-01.... 848# The page http://www.retsinfo.dk/_GETDOCI_/ACCN/A18930008330-REGL 849# confirms this, and states that the law was put forth 1893-03-29. 850# 851# The EU treaty with effect from 1973: 852# http://www.retsinfo.dk/_GETDOCI_/ACCN/A19722110030-REGL 853# 854# This provoked a new law from 1974 to make possible summer time changes |
| 864# in subsequenet decrees with the law | 855# in subsequent decrees with the law |
| 865# http://www.retsinfo.dk/_GETDOCI_/ACCN/A19740022330-REGL 866# 867# It seems however that no decree was set forward until 1980. I have 868# not found any decree, but in another related law, the effecting DST 869# changes are stated explicitly to be from 1980-04-06 at 02:00 to 870# 1980-09-28 at 02:00. If this is true, this differs slightly from 871# the EU rule in that DST runs to 02:00, not 03:00. We don't know 872# when Denmark began using the EU rule correctly, but we have only 873# confirmation of the 1980-time, so I presume it was correct in 1981: 874# The law is about the management of the extra hour, concerning 875# working hours reported and effect on obligatory-rest rules (which 876# was suspended on that night): 877# http://www.retsinfo.dk/_GETDOCI_/ACCN/C19801120554-REGL 878 | 856# http://www.retsinfo.dk/_GETDOCI_/ACCN/A19740022330-REGL 857# 858# It seems however that no decree was set forward until 1980. I have 859# not found any decree, but in another related law, the effecting DST 860# changes are stated explicitly to be from 1980-04-06 at 02:00 to 861# 1980-09-28 at 02:00. If this is true, this differs slightly from 862# the EU rule in that DST runs to 02:00, not 03:00. We don't know 863# when Denmark began using the EU rule correctly, but we have only 864# confirmation of the 1980-time, so I presume it was correct in 1981: 865# The law is about the management of the extra hour, concerning 866# working hours reported and effect on obligatory-rest rules (which 867# was suspended on that night): 868# http://www.retsinfo.dk/_GETDOCI_/ACCN/C19801120554-REGL 869 |
| 879# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2005-06-11): | 870# From Jesper N��rgaard Welen (2005-06-11): |
| 880# The Herning Folkeblad (1980-09-26) reported that the night between 881# Saturday and Sunday the clock is set back from three to two. 882 883# From Paul Eggert (2005-06-11): 884# Hence the "02:00" of the 1980 law refers to standard time, not 885# wall-clock time, and so the EU rules were in effect in 1980. 886 887# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S --- 11 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 899# 900# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 901Zone Europe/Copenhagen 0:50:20 - LMT 1890 902 0:50:20 - CMT 1894 Jan 1 # Copenhagen MT 903 1:00 Denmark CE%sT 1942 Nov 2 2:00s 904 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 Apr 2 2:00 905 1:00 Denmark CE%sT 1980 906 1:00 EU CE%sT | 871# The Herning Folkeblad (1980-09-26) reported that the night between 872# Saturday and Sunday the clock is set back from three to two. 873 874# From Paul Eggert (2005-06-11): 875# Hence the "02:00" of the 1980 law refers to standard time, not 876# wall-clock time, and so the EU rules were in effect in 1980. 877 878# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S --- 11 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 890# 891# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 892Zone Europe/Copenhagen 0:50:20 - LMT 1890 893 0:50:20 - CMT 1894 Jan 1 # Copenhagen MT 894 1:00 Denmark CE%sT 1942 Nov 2 2:00s 895 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 Apr 2 2:00 896 1:00 Denmark CE%sT 1980 897 1:00 EU CE%sT |
| 907Zone Atlantic/Faroe -0:27:04 - LMT 1908 Jan 11 # Torshavn | 898Zone Atlantic/Faroe -0:27:04 - LMT 1908 Jan 11 # T��rshavn |
| 908 0:00 - WET 1981 909 0:00 EU WE%sT 910# 911# From Paul Eggert (2004-10-31): 912# During World War II, Germany maintained secret manned weather stations in 913# East Greenland and Franz Josef Land, but we don't know their time zones. 914# My source for this is Wilhelm Dege's book mentioned under Svalbard. 915# 916# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 917# Greenland joined the EU as part of Denmark, obtained home rule on 1979-05-01, 918# and left the EU on 1985-02-01. It therefore should have been using EU | 899 0:00 - WET 1981 900 0:00 EU WE%sT 901# 902# From Paul Eggert (2004-10-31): 903# During World War II, Germany maintained secret manned weather stations in 904# East Greenland and Franz Josef Land, but we don't know their time zones. 905# My source for this is Wilhelm Dege's book mentioned under Svalbard. 906# 907# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 908# Greenland joined the EU as part of Denmark, obtained home rule on 1979-05-01, 909# and left the EU on 1985-02-01. It therefore should have been using EU |
| 919# rules at least through 1984. Shanks & Pottenger say Scoresbysund and Godthab | 910# rules at least through 1984. Shanks & Pottenger say Scoresbysund and Godth��b |
| 920# used C-Eur rules after 1980, but IATA SSIM (1991/1996) says they use EU 921# rules since at least 1991. Assume EU rules since 1980. 922 | 911# used C-Eur rules after 1980, but IATA SSIM (1991/1996) says they use EU 912# rules since at least 1991. Assume EU rules since 1980. 913 |
| 923# From Gwillin Law (2001-06-06), citing | 914# From Gwillim Law (2001-06-06), citing |
| 924# <http://www.statkart.no/efs/efshefter/2001/efs5-2001.pdf> (2001-03-15), 925# and with translations corrected by Steffen Thorsen: 926# 927# Greenland has four local times, and the relation to UTC 928# is according to the following time line: 929# 930# The military zone near Thule UTC-4 931# Standard Greenland time UTC-3 --- 18 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 950# uses UTC in the same way as in Iceland, year round, with no dst. 951# There are just a few stations on this coast, including the 952# Danmarkshavn ICAO weather station mentioned in your September 29th 953# email. The other stations are two sledge patrol stations in 954# Mestersvig and Daneborg, the air force base at Station Nord, and the 955# DPC research station at Zackenberg. 956# 957# Scoresbysund and two small villages nearby keep time UTC-1 and use | 915# <http://www.statkart.no/efs/efshefter/2001/efs5-2001.pdf> (2001-03-15), 916# and with translations corrected by Steffen Thorsen: 917# 918# Greenland has four local times, and the relation to UTC 919# is according to the following time line: 920# 921# The military zone near Thule UTC-4 922# Standard Greenland time UTC-3 --- 18 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 941# uses UTC in the same way as in Iceland, year round, with no dst. 942# There are just a few stations on this coast, including the 943# Danmarkshavn ICAO weather station mentioned in your September 29th 944# email. The other stations are two sledge patrol stations in 945# Mestersvig and Daneborg, the air force base at Station Nord, and the 946# DPC research station at Zackenberg. 947# 948# Scoresbysund and two small villages nearby keep time UTC-1 and use |
| 958# the same daylight savings time period as in West Greenland (Godthab). | 949# the same daylight savings time period as in West Greenland (Godth��b). |
| 959# | 950# |
| 960# The rest of Greenland, including Godthab (this area, although it | 951# The rest of Greenland, including Godth��b (this area, although it |
| 961# includes central Greenland, is known as west Greenland), keeps time 962# UTC-3, with daylight savings methods according to European rules. 963# 964# It is common procedure to use UTC 0 in the wilderness of East and 965# North Greenland, because it is mainly Icelandic aircraft operators 966# maintaining traffic in these areas. However, the official status of | 952# includes central Greenland, is known as west Greenland), keeps time 953# UTC-3, with daylight savings methods according to European rules. 954# 955# It is common procedure to use UTC 0 in the wilderness of East and 956# North Greenland, because it is mainly Icelandic aircraft operators 957# maintaining traffic in these areas. However, the official status of |
| 967# this area is that it sticks with Godthab time. This area might be | 958# this area is that it sticks with Godth��b time. This area might be |
| 968# considered a dual time zone in some respects because of this. 969 970# From Rives McDow (2001-11-19): 971# I heard back from someone stationed at Thule; the time change took place 972# there at 2:00 AM. 973 974# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 975# From 1997 on the CIA map shows Danmarkshavn on GMT; | 959# considered a dual time zone in some respects because of this. 960 961# From Rives McDow (2001-11-19): 962# I heard back from someone stationed at Thule; the time change took place 963# there at 2:00 AM. 964 965# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 966# From 1997 on the CIA map shows Danmarkshavn on GMT; |
| 976# the 1995 map as like Godthab. 977# For lack of better info, assume they were like Godthab before 1996. | 967# the 1995 map as like Godth��b. 968# For lack of better info, assume they were like Godth��b before 1996. |
| 978# startkart.no says Thule does not observe DST, but this is clearly an error, 979# so go with Shanks & Pottenger for Thule transitions until this year. 980# For 2007 on assume Thule will stay in sync with US DST rules. 981# 982# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 983Rule Thule 1991 1992 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D 984Rule Thule 1991 1992 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S 985Rule Thule 1993 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D --- 28 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 1014# "I do not [know] exactly but there are some little different 1015# (confusing) rules for International Air and Railway Transport Schedules 1016# conversion in Sunday connected with end of summer time in Estonia.... 1017# A discussion is running about the summer time efficiency and effect on 1018# human physiology. It seems that Estonia maybe will not change to 1019# summer time next spring." 1020 1021# From Peter Ilieve (1998-11-04), heavily edited: | 969# startkart.no says Thule does not observe DST, but this is clearly an error, 970# so go with Shanks & Pottenger for Thule transitions until this year. 971# For 2007 on assume Thule will stay in sync with US DST rules. 972# 973# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 974Rule Thule 1991 1992 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D 975Rule Thule 1991 1992 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S 976Rule Thule 1993 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D --- 28 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 1005# "I do not [know] exactly but there are some little different 1006# (confusing) rules for International Air and Railway Transport Schedules 1007# conversion in Sunday connected with end of summer time in Estonia.... 1008# A discussion is running about the summer time efficiency and effect on 1009# human physiology. It seems that Estonia maybe will not change to 1010# summer time next spring." 1011 1012# From Peter Ilieve (1998-11-04), heavily edited: |
| 1022# <a href="http://trip.rk.ee/cgi-bin/thw?${BASE}=akt&${OOHTML}=rtd&TA=1998&TO=1&AN=1390"> | |
| 1023# The 1998-09-22 Estonian time law | 1013# The 1998-09-22 Estonian time law |
| 1024# </a> | 1014# <http://trip.rk.ee/cgi-bin/thw?${BASE}=akt&${OOHTML}=rtd&TA=1998&TO=1&AN=1390> |
| 1025# refers to the Eighth Directive and cites the association agreement between | 1015# refers to the Eighth Directive and cites the association agreement between |
| 1026# the EU and Estonia, ratified by the Estonian law (RT II 1995, 22--27, 120). | 1016# the EU and Estonia, ratified by the Estonian law (RT II 1995, 22-27, 120). |
| 1027# 1028# I also asked [my relative] whether they use any standard abbreviation 1029# for their standard and summer times. He says no, they use "suveaeg" 1030# (summer time) and "talveaeg" (winter time). 1031 | 1017# 1018# I also asked [my relative] whether they use any standard abbreviation 1019# for their standard and summer times. He says no, they use "suveaeg" 1020# (summer time) and "talveaeg" (winter time). 1021 |
| 1032# From <a href="http://www.baltictimes.com/">The Baltic Times</a> (1999-09-09) | 1022# From The Baltic Times <http://www.baltictimes.com/> (1999-09-09) |
| 1033# via Steffen Thorsen: 1034# This year will mark the last time Estonia shifts to summer time, 1035# a council of the ruling coalition announced Sept. 6.... 1036# But what this could mean for Estonia's chances of joining the European 1037# Union are still unclear. In 1994, the EU declared summer time compulsory 1038# for all member states until 2001. Brussels has yet to decide what to do 1039# after that. 1040 1041# From Mart Oruaas (2000-01-29): 1042# Regulation no. 301 (1999-10-12) obsoletes previous regulation 1043# no. 206 (1998-09-22) and thus sticks Estonia to +02:00 GMT for all 1044# the year round. The regulation is effective 1999-11-01. 1045 1046# From Toomas Soome (2002-02-21): 1047# The Estonian government has changed once again timezone politics. 1048# Now we are using again EU rules. 1049# | 1023# via Steffen Thorsen: 1024# This year will mark the last time Estonia shifts to summer time, 1025# a council of the ruling coalition announced Sept. 6.... 1026# But what this could mean for Estonia's chances of joining the European 1027# Union are still unclear. In 1994, the EU declared summer time compulsory 1028# for all member states until 2001. Brussels has yet to decide what to do 1029# after that. 1030 1031# From Mart Oruaas (2000-01-29): 1032# Regulation no. 301 (1999-10-12) obsoletes previous regulation 1033# no. 206 (1998-09-22) and thus sticks Estonia to +02:00 GMT for all 1034# the year round. The regulation is effective 1999-11-01. 1035 1036# From Toomas Soome (2002-02-21): 1037# The Estonian government has changed once again timezone politics. 1038# Now we are using again EU rules. 1039# |
| 1050# From Urmet Jaanes (2002-03-28): | 1040# From Urmet J��nes (2002-03-28): |
| 1051# The legislative reference is Government decree No. 84 on 2002-02-21. 1052 1053# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1054Zone Europe/Tallinn 1:39:00 - LMT 1880 1055 1:39:00 - TMT 1918 Feb # Tallinn Mean Time 1056 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1919 Jul 1057 1:39:00 - TMT 1921 May 1058 2:00 - EET 1940 Aug 6 --- 17 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 1076# I noticed that the Finland data is not accurate for years 1981 and 1982. 1077# During these two first trial years the DST adjustment was made one hour 1078# earlier than in forthcoming years. Starting 1983 the adjustment was made 1079# according to the central European standards. 1080# 1081# This is documented in Heikki Oja: Aikakirja 2007, published by The Almanac 1082# Office of University of Helsinki, ISBN 952-10-3221-9, available online (in 1083# Finnish) at | 1041# The legislative reference is Government decree No. 84 on 2002-02-21. 1042 1043# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1044Zone Europe/Tallinn 1:39:00 - LMT 1880 1045 1:39:00 - TMT 1918 Feb # Tallinn Mean Time 1046 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1919 Jul 1047 1:39:00 - TMT 1921 May 1048 2:00 - EET 1940 Aug 6 --- 17 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 1066# I noticed that the Finland data is not accurate for years 1981 and 1982. 1067# During these two first trial years the DST adjustment was made one hour 1068# earlier than in forthcoming years. Starting 1983 the adjustment was made 1069# according to the central European standards. 1070# 1071# This is documented in Heikki Oja: Aikakirja 2007, published by The Almanac 1072# Office of University of Helsinki, ISBN 952-10-3221-9, available online (in 1073# Finnish) at |
| 1084# 1085# <a href="http://almanakka.helsinki.fi/aikakirja/Aikakirja2007kokonaan.pdf"> | |
| 1086# http://almanakka.helsinki.fi/aikakirja/Aikakirja2007kokonaan.pdf | 1074# http://almanakka.helsinki.fi/aikakirja/Aikakirja2007kokonaan.pdf |
| 1087# </a> | |
| 1088# 1089# Page 105 (56 in PDF version) has a handy table of all past daylight savings 1090# transitions. It is easy enough to interpret without Finnish skills. 1091# 1092# This is also confirmed by Finnish Broadcasting Company's archive at: | 1075# 1076# Page 105 (56 in PDF version) has a handy table of all past daylight savings 1077# transitions. It is easy enough to interpret without Finnish skills. 1078# 1079# This is also confirmed by Finnish Broadcasting Company's archive at: |
| 1093# 1094# <a href="http://www.yle.fi/elavaarkisto/?s=s&g=1&ag=5&t=&a=3401"> | |
| 1095# http://www.yle.fi/elavaarkisto/?s=s&g=1&ag=5&t=&a=3401 | 1080# http://www.yle.fi/elavaarkisto/?s=s&g=1&ag=5&t=&a=3401 |
| 1096# </a> | |
| 1097# 1098# The news clip from 1981 says that "the time between 2 and 3 o'clock does not 1099# exist tonight." 1100 | 1081# 1082# The news clip from 1981 says that "the time between 2 and 3 o'clock does not 1083# exist tonight." 1084 |
| 1085# From Konstantin Hypp��nen (2014-06-13): 1086# [Heikki Oja's book Aikakirja 2013] 1087# http://almanakka.helsinki.fi/images/aikakirja/Aikakirja2013kokonaan.pdf 1088# pages 104-105, including a scan from a newspaper published on Apr 2 1942 1089# say that ... [o]n Apr 2 1942, 24 o'clock (which means Apr 3 1942, 1090# 00:00), clocks were moved one hour forward. The newspaper 1091# mentions "on the night from Thursday to Friday".... 1092# On Oct 4 1942, clocks were moved at 1:00 one hour backwards. 1093# 1094# From Paul Eggert (2014-06-14): 1095# Go with Oja over Shanks. 1096 |
|
| 1101# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S | 1097# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S |
| 1102Rule Finland 1942 only - Apr 3 0:00 1:00 S 1103Rule Finland 1942 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 - | 1098Rule Finland 1942 only - Apr 2 24:00 1:00 S 1099Rule Finland 1942 only - Oct 4 1:00 0 - |
| 1104Rule Finland 1981 1982 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 S 1105Rule Finland 1981 1982 - Sep lastSun 3:00 0 - | 1100Rule Finland 1981 1982 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 S 1101Rule Finland 1981 1982 - Sep lastSun 3:00 0 - |
| 1102 1103# Milne says Helsinki (Helsingfors) time was 1:39:49.2 (official document); 1104# round to nearest. 1105 |
|
| 1106# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] | 1106# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] |
| 1107Zone Europe/Helsinki 1:39:52 - LMT 1878 May 31 1108 1:39:52 - HMT 1921 May # Helsinki Mean Time | 1107Zone Europe/Helsinki 1:39:49 - LMT 1878 May 31 1108 1:39:49 - HMT 1921 May # Helsinki Mean Time |
| 1109 2:00 Finland EE%sT 1983 1110 2:00 EU EE%sT 1111 | 1109 2:00 Finland EE%sT 1983 1110 2:00 EU EE%sT 1111 |
| 1112# Aaland Is | 1112# ��land Is |
| 1113Link Europe/Helsinki Europe/Mariehamn 1114 1115 1116# France 1117 1118# From Ciro Discepolo (2000-12-20): 1119# | 1113Link Europe/Helsinki Europe/Mariehamn 1114 1115 1116# France 1117 1118# From Ciro Discepolo (2000-12-20): 1119# |
| 1120# Henri Le Corre, Regimes Horaires pour le monde entier, Editions | 1120# Henri Le Corre, R��gimes horaires pour le monde entier, ��ditions |
| 1121# Traditionnelles - Paris 2 books, 1993 1122# | 1121# Traditionnelles - Paris 2 books, 1993 1122# |
| 1123# Gabriel, Traite de l'heure dans le monde, Guy Tredaniel editeur, | 1123# Gabriel, Trait�� de l'heure dans le monde, Guy Tr��daniel, |
| 1124# Paris, 1991 1125# | 1124# Paris, 1991 1125# |
| 1126# Francoise Gauquelin, Problemes de l'heure resolus en astrologie, 1127# Guy tredaniel, Paris 1987 | 1126# Fran��oise Gauquelin, Probl��mes de l'heure r��solus en astrologie, 1127# Guy Tr��daniel, Paris 1987 |
| 1128 1129 1130# 1131# Shank & Pottenger seem to use '24:00' ambiguously; resolve it with Whitman. 1132# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1133Rule France 1916 only - Jun 14 23:00s 1:00 S 1134Rule France 1916 1919 - Oct Sun>=1 23:00s 0 - 1135Rule France 1917 only - Mar 24 23:00s 1:00 S --- 24 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 1160Rule France 1936 only - Apr 18 23:00s 1:00 S 1161Rule France 1937 only - Apr 3 23:00s 1:00 S 1162Rule France 1938 only - Mar 26 23:00s 1:00 S 1163Rule France 1939 only - Apr 15 23:00s 1:00 S 1164Rule France 1939 only - Nov 18 23:00s 0 - 1165Rule France 1940 only - Feb 25 2:00 1:00 S 1166# The French rules for 1941-1944 were not used in Paris, but Shanks & Pottenger 1167# write that they were used in Monaco and in many French locations. | 1128 1129 1130# 1131# Shank & Pottenger seem to use '24:00' ambiguously; resolve it with Whitman. 1132# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1133Rule France 1916 only - Jun 14 23:00s 1:00 S 1134Rule France 1916 1919 - Oct Sun>=1 23:00s 0 - 1135Rule France 1917 only - Mar 24 23:00s 1:00 S --- 24 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 1160Rule France 1936 only - Apr 18 23:00s 1:00 S 1161Rule France 1937 only - Apr 3 23:00s 1:00 S 1162Rule France 1938 only - Mar 26 23:00s 1:00 S 1163Rule France 1939 only - Apr 15 23:00s 1:00 S 1164Rule France 1939 only - Nov 18 23:00s 0 - 1165Rule France 1940 only - Feb 25 2:00 1:00 S 1166# The French rules for 1941-1944 were not used in Paris, but Shanks & Pottenger 1167# write that they were used in Monaco and in many French locations. |
| 1168# Le Corre writes that the upper limit of the free zone was Arneguy, Orthez, 1169# Mont-de-Marsan, Bazas, Langon, Lamotte-Montravel, Marouil, La 1170# Rochefoucault, Champagne-Mouton, La Roche-Posay, La Haye-Descartes, | 1168# Le Corre writes that the upper limit of the free zone was Arn��guy, Orthez, 1169# Mont-de-Marsan, Bazas, Langon, Lamothe-Montravel, Mar��uil, La 1170# Rochefoucauld, Champagne-Mouton, La Roche-Posay, La Haye-Descartes, |
| 1171# Loches, Montrichard, Vierzon, Bourges, Moulins, Digoin, | 1171# Loches, Montrichard, Vierzon, Bourges, Moulins, Digoin, |
| 1172# Paray-le-Monial, Montceau-les-Mines, Chalons-sur-Saone, Arbois, | 1172# Paray-le-Monial, Montceau-les-Mines, Chalon-sur-Sa��ne, Arbois, |
| 1173# Dole, Morez, St-Claude, and Collonges (Haute-Savoie). 1174Rule France 1941 only - May 5 0:00 2:00 M # Midsummer 1175# Shanks & Pottenger say this transition occurred at Oct 6 1:00, 1176# but go with Denis Excoffier (1997-12-12), | 1173# Dole, Morez, St-Claude, and Collonges (Haute-Savoie). 1174Rule France 1941 only - May 5 0:00 2:00 M # Midsummer 1175# Shanks & Pottenger say this transition occurred at Oct 6 1:00, 1176# but go with Denis Excoffier (1997-12-12), |
| 1177# who quotes the Ephemerides Astronomiques for 1998 from Bureau des Longitudes | 1177# who quotes the Eph��m��rides astronomiques for 1998 from Bureau des Longitudes |
| 1178# as saying 5/10/41 22hUT. 1179Rule France 1941 only - Oct 6 0:00 1:00 S 1180Rule France 1942 only - Mar 9 0:00 2:00 M 1181Rule France 1942 only - Nov 2 3:00 1:00 S 1182Rule France 1943 only - Mar 29 2:00 2:00 M 1183Rule France 1943 only - Oct 4 3:00 1:00 S 1184Rule France 1944 only - Apr 3 2:00 2:00 M 1185Rule France 1944 only - Oct 8 1:00 1:00 S --- 21 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 1207 1208# Germany 1209 1210# From Markus Kuhn (1998-09-29): 1211# The German time zone web site by the Physikalisch-Technische 1212# Bundesanstalt contains DST information back to 1916. 1213# [See tz-link.htm for the URL.] 1214 | 1178# as saying 5/10/41 22hUT. 1179Rule France 1941 only - Oct 6 0:00 1:00 S 1180Rule France 1942 only - Mar 9 0:00 2:00 M 1181Rule France 1942 only - Nov 2 3:00 1:00 S 1182Rule France 1943 only - Mar 29 2:00 2:00 M 1183Rule France 1943 only - Oct 4 3:00 1:00 S 1184Rule France 1944 only - Apr 3 2:00 2:00 M 1185Rule France 1944 only - Oct 8 1:00 1:00 S --- 21 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 1207 1208# Germany 1209 1210# From Markus Kuhn (1998-09-29): 1211# The German time zone web site by the Physikalisch-Technische 1212# Bundesanstalt contains DST information back to 1916. 1213# [See tz-link.htm for the URL.] 1214 |
| 1215# From Joerg Schilling (2002-10-23): | 1215# From J��rg Schilling (2002-10-23): |
| 1216# In 1945, Berlin was switched to Moscow Summer time (GMT+4) by | 1216# In 1945, Berlin was switched to Moscow Summer time (GMT+4) by |
| 1217# <a href="http://www.dhm.de/lemo/html/biografien/BersarinNikolai/"> 1218# General [Nikolai] Bersarin</a>. | 1217# <http://www.dhm.de/lemo/html/biografien/BersarinNikolai/> 1218# General [Nikolai] Bersarin. |
| 1219 1220# From Paul Eggert (2003-03-08): | 1219 1220# From Paul Eggert (2003-03-08): |
| 1221# <a href="http://www.parlament-berlin.de/pds-fraktion.nsf/727459127c8b66ee8525662300459099/defc77cb784f180ac1256c2b0030274b/$FILE/bersarint.pdf"> | |
| 1222# http://www.parlament-berlin.de/pds-fraktion.nsf/727459127c8b66ee8525662300459099/defc77cb784f180ac1256c2b0030274b/$FILE/bersarint.pdf | 1221# http://www.parlament-berlin.de/pds-fraktion.nsf/727459127c8b66ee8525662300459099/defc77cb784f180ac1256c2b0030274b/$FILE/bersarint.pdf |
| 1223# </a> | |
| 1224# says that Bersarin issued an order to use Moscow time on May 20. 1225# However, Moscow did not observe daylight saving in 1945, so 1226# this was equivalent to CEMT (GMT+3), not GMT+4. 1227 1228 1229# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1230Rule Germany 1946 only - Apr 14 2:00s 1:00 S 1231Rule Germany 1946 only - Oct 7 2:00s 0 - --- 14 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 1246# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1247Zone Europe/Berlin 0:53:28 - LMT 1893 Apr 1248 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 May 24 2:00 1249 1:00 SovietZone CE%sT 1946 1250 1:00 Germany CE%sT 1980 1251 1:00 EU CE%sT 1252 1253# From Tobias Conradi (2011-09-12): | 1222# says that Bersarin issued an order to use Moscow time on May 20. 1223# However, Moscow did not observe daylight saving in 1945, so 1224# this was equivalent to CEMT (GMT+3), not GMT+4. 1225 1226 1227# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1228Rule Germany 1946 only - Apr 14 2:00s 1:00 S 1229Rule Germany 1946 only - Oct 7 2:00s 0 - --- 14 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 1244# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1245Zone Europe/Berlin 0:53:28 - LMT 1893 Apr 1246 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 May 24 2:00 1247 1:00 SovietZone CE%sT 1946 1248 1:00 Germany CE%sT 1980 1249 1:00 EU CE%sT 1250 1251# From Tobias Conradi (2011-09-12): |
| 1254# Busingen <http://www.buesingen.de>, surrounded by the Swiss canton | 1252# B��singen <http://www.buesingen.de>, surrounded by the Swiss canton |
| 1255# Schaffhausen, did not start observing DST in 1980 as the rest of DE 1256# (West Germany at that time) and DD (East Germany at that time) did. 1257# DD merged into DE, the area is currently covered by code DE in ISO 3166-1, 1258# which in turn is covered by the zone Europe/Berlin. 1259# | 1253# Schaffhausen, did not start observing DST in 1980 as the rest of DE 1254# (West Germany at that time) and DD (East Germany at that time) did. 1255# DD merged into DE, the area is currently covered by code DE in ISO 3166-1, 1256# which in turn is covered by the zone Europe/Berlin. 1257# |
| 1260# Source for the time in Busingen 1980: | 1258# Source for the time in B��singen 1980: |
| 1261# http://www.srf.ch/player/video?id=c012c029-03b7-4c2b-9164-aa5902cd58d3 1262 1263# From Arthur David Olson (2012-03-03): 1264# Busingen and Zurich have shared clocks since 1970. 1265 1266Link Europe/Zurich Europe/Busingen 1267 1268# Georgia --- 39 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 1308 2:00 Greece EE%sT 1941 Apr 30 1309 1:00 Greece CE%sT 1944 Apr 4 1310 2:00 Greece EE%sT 1981 1311 # Shanks & Pottenger say it switched to C-Eur in 1981; 1312 # go with EU instead, since Greece joined it on Jan 1. 1313 2:00 EU EE%sT 1314 1315# Hungary | 1259# http://www.srf.ch/player/video?id=c012c029-03b7-4c2b-9164-aa5902cd58d3 1260 1261# From Arthur David Olson (2012-03-03): 1262# Busingen and Zurich have shared clocks since 1970. 1263 1264Link Europe/Zurich Europe/Busingen 1265 1266# Georgia --- 39 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 1306 2:00 Greece EE%sT 1941 Apr 30 1307 1:00 Greece CE%sT 1944 Apr 4 1308 2:00 Greece EE%sT 1981 1309 # Shanks & Pottenger say it switched to C-Eur in 1981; 1310 # go with EU instead, since Greece joined it on Jan 1. 1311 2:00 EU EE%sT 1312 1313# Hungary |
| 1314# From Paul Eggert (2014-07-15): 1315# Dates for 1916-1945 are taken from: 1316# Oross A. Jelen a m��lt j��v��je: a ny��ri id��sz��m��t��s Magyarorsz��gon 1916-1945. 1317# National Archives of Hungary (2012-10-29). 1318# http://mnl.gov.hu/a_het_dokumentuma/a_nyari_idoszamitas_magyarorszagon_19161945.html 1319# This source does not always give times, which are taken from Shanks 1320# & Pottenger (which disagree about the dates). |
|
| 1316# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1317Rule Hungary 1918 only - Apr 1 3:00 1:00 S | 1321# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1322Rule Hungary 1918 only - Apr 1 3:00 1:00 S |
| 1318Rule Hungary 1918 only - Sep 29 3:00 0 - | 1323Rule Hungary 1918 only - Sep 16 3:00 0 - |
| 1319Rule Hungary 1919 only - Apr 15 3:00 1:00 S | 1324Rule Hungary 1919 only - Apr 15 3:00 1:00 S |
| 1320Rule Hungary 1919 only - Sep 15 3:00 0 - 1321Rule Hungary 1920 only - Apr 5 3:00 1:00 S 1322Rule Hungary 1920 only - Sep 30 3:00 0 - | 1325Rule Hungary 1919 only - Nov 24 3:00 0 - |
| 1323Rule Hungary 1945 only - May 1 23:00 1:00 S | 1326Rule Hungary 1945 only - May 1 23:00 1:00 S |
| 1324Rule Hungary 1945 only - Nov 3 0:00 0 - | 1327Rule Hungary 1945 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 - |
| 1325Rule Hungary 1946 only - Mar 31 2:00s 1:00 S 1326Rule Hungary 1946 1949 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 0 - 1327Rule Hungary 1947 1949 - Apr Sun>=4 2:00s 1:00 S 1328Rule Hungary 1950 only - Apr 17 2:00s 1:00 S 1329Rule Hungary 1950 only - Oct 23 2:00s 0 - 1330Rule Hungary 1954 1955 - May 23 0:00 1:00 S 1331Rule Hungary 1954 1955 - Oct 3 0:00 0 - 1332Rule Hungary 1956 only - Jun Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S 1333Rule Hungary 1956 only - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 1334Rule Hungary 1957 only - Jun Sun>=1 1:00 1:00 S 1335Rule Hungary 1957 only - Sep lastSun 3:00 0 - 1336Rule Hungary 1980 only - Apr 6 1:00 1:00 S 1337# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1338Zone Europe/Budapest 1:16:20 - LMT 1890 Oct 1339 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1918 | 1328Rule Hungary 1946 only - Mar 31 2:00s 1:00 S 1329Rule Hungary 1946 1949 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 0 - 1330Rule Hungary 1947 1949 - Apr Sun>=4 2:00s 1:00 S 1331Rule Hungary 1950 only - Apr 17 2:00s 1:00 S 1332Rule Hungary 1950 only - Oct 23 2:00s 0 - 1333Rule Hungary 1954 1955 - May 23 0:00 1:00 S 1334Rule Hungary 1954 1955 - Oct 3 0:00 0 - 1335Rule Hungary 1956 only - Jun Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S 1336Rule Hungary 1956 only - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 1337Rule Hungary 1957 only - Jun Sun>=1 1:00 1:00 S 1338Rule Hungary 1957 only - Sep lastSun 3:00 0 - 1339Rule Hungary 1980 only - Apr 6 1:00 1:00 S 1340# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1341Zone Europe/Budapest 1:16:20 - LMT 1890 Oct 1342 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1918 |
| 1340 1:00 Hungary CE%sT 1941 Apr 6 2:00 | 1343 1:00 Hungary CE%sT 1941 Apr 8 |
| 1341 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 1342 1:00 Hungary CE%sT 1980 Sep 28 2:00s 1343 1:00 EU CE%sT 1344 1345# Iceland 1346# 1347# From Adam David (1993-11-06): 1348# The name of the timezone in Iceland for system / mail / news purposes is GMT. --- 61 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 1410# called Palermo Time (+00:53:28) and Cagliari Time (+00:36:32). 1411# During World War II, German-controlled Italy used German time. 1412# But these events all occurred before the 1970 cutoff, 1413# so record only the time in Rome. 1414# 1415# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 1416# For Italian DST we have three sources: Shanks & Pottenger, Whitman, and 1417# F. Pollastri | 1344 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 1345 1:00 Hungary CE%sT 1980 Sep 28 2:00s 1346 1:00 EU CE%sT 1347 1348# Iceland 1349# 1350# From Adam David (1993-11-06): 1351# The name of the timezone in Iceland for system / mail / news purposes is GMT. --- 61 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 1413# called Palermo Time (+00:53:28) and Cagliari Time (+00:36:32). 1414# During World War II, German-controlled Italy used German time. 1415# But these events all occurred before the 1970 cutoff, 1416# so record only the time in Rome. 1417# 1418# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 1419# For Italian DST we have three sources: Shanks & Pottenger, Whitman, and 1420# F. Pollastri |
| 1418# <a href="http://toi.iriti.cnr.it/uk/ienitlt.html"> | |
| 1419# Day-light Saving Time in Italy (2006-02-03) | 1421# Day-light Saving Time in Italy (2006-02-03) |
| 1420# </a> | 1422# <http://toi.iriti.cnr.it/uk/ienitlt.html> |
| 1421# ('FP' below), taken from an Italian National Electrotechnical Institute 1422# publication. When the three sources disagree, guess who's right, as follows: 1423# 1424# year FP Shanks&P. (S) Whitman (W) Go with: 1425# 1916 06-03 06-03 24:00 06-03 00:00 FP & W 1426# 09-30 09-30 24:00 09-30 01:00 FP; guess 24:00s 1427# 1917 04-01 03-31 24:00 03-31 00:00 FP & S 1428# 09-30 09-29 24:00 09-30 01:00 FP & W --- 91 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 1520# 1989-03-26, when we must not turn the hands of the clock.... 1521# 1522# The Regulations of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Latvia of 1523# 1997-01-21 on transition to Summer time ... established the same order of 1524# daylight savings time settings as in the States of the European Union. 1525 1526# From Andrei Ivanov (2000-03-06): 1527# This year Latvia will not switch to Daylight Savings Time (as specified in | 1423# ('FP' below), taken from an Italian National Electrotechnical Institute 1424# publication. When the three sources disagree, guess who's right, as follows: 1425# 1426# year FP Shanks&P. (S) Whitman (W) Go with: 1427# 1916 06-03 06-03 24:00 06-03 00:00 FP & W 1428# 09-30 09-30 24:00 09-30 01:00 FP; guess 24:00s 1429# 1917 04-01 03-31 24:00 03-31 00:00 FP & S 1430# 09-30 09-29 24:00 09-30 01:00 FP & W --- 91 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 1522# 1989-03-26, when we must not turn the hands of the clock.... 1523# 1524# The Regulations of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Latvia of 1525# 1997-01-21 on transition to Summer time ... established the same order of 1526# daylight savings time settings as in the States of the European Union. 1527 1528# From Andrei Ivanov (2000-03-06): 1529# This year Latvia will not switch to Daylight Savings Time (as specified in |
| 1528# <a href="http://www.lv-laiks.lv/wwwraksti/2000/071072/vd4.htm"> | |
| 1529# The Regulations of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Rep. of Latvia of | 1530# The Regulations of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Rep. of Latvia of |
| 1530# 29-Feb-2000 (#79)</a>, in Latvian for subscribers only). | 1531# 29-Feb-2000 (#79) <http://www.lv-laiks.lv/wwwraksti/2000/071072/vd4.htm>, 1532# in Latvian for subscribers only). |
| 1531 | 1533 |
| 1532# <a href="http://www.rferl.org/newsline/2001/01/3-CEE/cee-030101.html"> 1533# From RFE/RL Newsline (2001-01-03), noted after a heads-up by Rives McDow: 1534# </a> | 1534# From RFE/RL Newsline 1535# <http://www.rferl.org/newsline/2001/01/3-CEE/cee-030101.html> 1536# (2001-01-03), noted after a heads-up by Rives McDow: |
| 1535# The Latvian government on 2 January decided that the country will 1536# institute daylight-saving time this spring, LETA reported. 1537# Last February the three Baltic states decided not to turn back their 1538# clocks one hour in the spring.... 1539# Minister of Economy Aigars Kalvitis noted that Latvia had too few 1540# daylight hours and thus decided to comply with a draft European 1541# Commission directive that provides for instituting daylight-saving 1542# time in EU countries between 2002 and 2006. The Latvian government 1543# urged Lithuania and Estonia to adopt a similar time policy, but it 1544# appears that they will not do so.... 1545 1546# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1547Rule Latvia 1989 1996 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S 1548Rule Latvia 1989 1996 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - | 1537# The Latvian government on 2 January decided that the country will 1538# institute daylight-saving time this spring, LETA reported. 1539# Last February the three Baltic states decided not to turn back their 1540# clocks one hour in the spring.... 1541# Minister of Economy Aigars Kalvitis noted that Latvia had too few 1542# daylight hours and thus decided to comply with a draft European 1543# Commission directive that provides for instituting daylight-saving 1544# time in EU countries between 2002 and 2006. The Latvian government 1545# urged Lithuania and Estonia to adopt a similar time policy, but it 1546# appears that they will not do so.... 1547 1548# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1549Rule Latvia 1989 1996 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S 1550Rule Latvia 1989 1996 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - |
| 1551 1552# Milne says Riga time was 1:36:28 (Polytechnique House time). 1553 |
|
| 1549# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] | 1554# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] |
| 1550Zone Europe/Riga 1:36:24 - LMT 1880 1551 1:36:24 - RMT 1918 Apr 15 2:00 #Riga Mean Time 1552 1:36:24 1:00 LST 1918 Sep 16 3:00 #Latvian Summer 1553 1:36:24 - RMT 1919 Apr 1 2:00 1554 1:36:24 1:00 LST 1919 May 22 3:00 1555 1:36:24 - RMT 1926 May 11 | 1555Zone Europe/Riga 1:36:28 - LMT 1880 1556 1:36:28 - RMT 1918 Apr 15 2:00 #Riga Mean Time 1557 1:36:28 1:00 LST 1918 Sep 16 3:00 #Latvian Summer 1558 1:36:28 - RMT 1919 Apr 1 2:00 1559 1:36:28 1:00 LST 1919 May 22 3:00 1560 1:36:28 - RMT 1926 May 11 |
| 1556 2:00 - EET 1940 Aug 5 1557 3:00 - MSK 1941 Jul 1558 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Oct 13 1559 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1989 Mar lastSun 2:00s 1560 2:00 1:00 EEST 1989 Sep lastSun 2:00s 1561 2:00 Latvia EE%sT 1997 Jan 21 1562 2:00 EU EE%sT 2000 Feb 29 1563 2:00 - EET 2001 Jan 2 --- 22 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 1586# From Paul Eggert (1996-11-22): 1587# IATA SSIM (1992/1996) says Lithuania uses W-Eur rules, but since it is 1588# known to be wrong about Estonia and Latvia, assume it's wrong here too. 1589 1590# From Marius Gedminas (1998-08-07): 1591# I would like to inform that in this year Lithuanian time zone 1592# (Europe/Vilnius) was changed. 1593 | 1561 2:00 - EET 1940 Aug 5 1562 3:00 - MSK 1941 Jul 1563 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Oct 13 1564 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1989 Mar lastSun 2:00s 1565 2:00 1:00 EEST 1989 Sep lastSun 2:00s 1566 2:00 Latvia EE%sT 1997 Jan 21 1567 2:00 EU EE%sT 2000 Feb 29 1568 2:00 - EET 2001 Jan 2 --- 22 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 1591# From Paul Eggert (1996-11-22): 1592# IATA SSIM (1992/1996) says Lithuania uses W-Eur rules, but since it is 1593# known to be wrong about Estonia and Latvia, assume it's wrong here too. 1594 1595# From Marius Gedminas (1998-08-07): 1596# I would like to inform that in this year Lithuanian time zone 1597# (Europe/Vilnius) was changed. 1598 |
| 1594# From <a href="http://www.elta.lt/">ELTA</a> No. 972 (2582) (1999-09-29), | 1599# From ELTA No. 972 (2582) (1999-09-29) <http://www.elta.lt/>, |
| 1595# via Steffen Thorsen: 1596# Lithuania has shifted back to the second time zone (GMT plus two hours) 1597# to be valid here starting from October 31, 1598# as decided by the national government on Wednesday.... 1599# The Lithuanian government also announced plans to consider a 1600# motion to give up shifting to summer time in spring, as it was 1601# already done by Estonia. 1602 | 1600# via Steffen Thorsen: 1601# Lithuania has shifted back to the second time zone (GMT plus two hours) 1602# to be valid here starting from October 31, 1603# as decided by the national government on Wednesday.... 1604# The Lithuanian government also announced plans to consider a 1605# motion to give up shifting to summer time in spring, as it was 1606# already done by Estonia. 1607 |
| 1603# From the <a href="http://www.tourism.lt/informa/ff.htm"> 1604# Fact File, Lithuanian State Department of Tourism 1605# </a> (2000-03-27): Local time is GMT+2 hours ..., no daylight saving. | 1608# From the Fact File, Lithuanian State Department of Tourism 1609# <http://www.tourism.lt/informa/ff.htm> (2000-03-27): 1610# Local time is GMT+2 hours ..., no daylight saving. |
| 1606 1607# From a user via Klaus Marten (2003-02-07): 1608# As a candidate for membership of the European Union, Lithuania will 1609# observe Summer Time in 2003, changing its clocks at the times laid 1610# down in EU Directive 2000/84 of 19.I.01 (i.e. at the same times as its 1611# neighbour Latvia). The text of the Lithuanian government Order of 1612# 7.XI.02 to this effect can be found at 1613# http://www.lrvk.lt/nut/11/n1749.htm --- 77 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 1691# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 1692# A previous version of this database followed Shanks & Pottenger, who write 1693# that Tiraspol switched to Moscow time on 1992-01-19 at 02:00. 1694# However, this is most likely an error, as Moldova declared independence 1695# on 1991-08-27 (the 1992-01-19 date is that of a Russian decree). 1696# In early 1992 there was large-scale interethnic violence in the area 1697# and it's possible that some Russophones continued to observe Moscow time. 1698# But [two people] separately reported via | 1611 1612# From a user via Klaus Marten (2003-02-07): 1613# As a candidate for membership of the European Union, Lithuania will 1614# observe Summer Time in 2003, changing its clocks at the times laid 1615# down in EU Directive 2000/84 of 19.I.01 (i.e. at the same times as its 1616# neighbour Latvia). The text of the Lithuanian government Order of 1617# 7.XI.02 to this effect can be found at 1618# http://www.lrvk.lt/nut/11/n1749.htm --- 77 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 1696# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 1697# A previous version of this database followed Shanks & Pottenger, who write 1698# that Tiraspol switched to Moscow time on 1992-01-19 at 02:00. 1699# However, this is most likely an error, as Moldova declared independence 1700# on 1991-08-27 (the 1992-01-19 date is that of a Russian decree). 1701# In early 1992 there was large-scale interethnic violence in the area 1702# and it's possible that some Russophones continued to observe Moscow time. 1703# But [two people] separately reported via |
| 1699# Jesper Norgaard that as of 2001-01-24 Tiraspol was like Chisinau. | 1704# Jesper N��rgaard that as of 2001-01-24 Tiraspol was like Chisinau. |
| 1700# The Tiraspol entry has therefore been removed for now. 1701# 1702# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2011-10-17): 1703# Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic (PMR, also known as 1704# "Pridnestrovie") has abolished seasonal clock change (no transition 1705# to the Winter Time). 1706# 1707# News (in Russian): | 1705# The Tiraspol entry has therefore been removed for now. 1706# 1707# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2011-10-17): 1708# Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic (PMR, also known as 1709# "Pridnestrovie") has abolished seasonal clock change (no transition 1710# to the Winter Time). 1711# 1712# News (in Russian): |
| 1708# <a href="http://www.kyivpost.ua/russia/news/pridnestrove-otkazalos-ot-perehoda-na-zimnee-vremya-30954.html"> | |
| 1709# http://www.kyivpost.ua/russia/news/pridnestrove-otkazalos-ot-perehoda-na-zimnee-vremya-30954.html | 1713# http://www.kyivpost.ua/russia/news/pridnestrove-otkazalos-ot-perehoda-na-zimnee-vremya-30954.html |
| 1710# </a> 1711# 1712# <a href="http://www.allmoldova.com/moldova-news/1249064116.html"> | |
| 1713# http://www.allmoldova.com/moldova-news/1249064116.html | 1714# http://www.allmoldova.com/moldova-news/1249064116.html |
| 1714# </a> | |
| 1715# 1716# The substance of this change (reinstatement of the Tiraspol entry) 1717# is from a patch from Petr Machata (2011-10-17) 1718# 1719# From Tim Parenti (2011-10-19) 1720# In addition, being situated at +4651+2938 would give Tiraspol 1721# a pre-1880 LMT offset of 1:58:32. 1722# 1723# (which agrees with the earlier entry that had been removed) 1724# 1725# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2011-10-26) 1726# NO need to divide Moldova into two timezones at this point. 1727# As of today, Transnistria (Pridnestrovie)- Tiraspol reversed its own 1728# decision to abolish DST this winter. 1729# Following Moldova and neighboring Ukraine- Transnistria (Pridnestrovie)- 1730# Tiraspol will go back to winter time on October 30, 2011. 1731# News from Moldova (in russian): | 1715# 1716# The substance of this change (reinstatement of the Tiraspol entry) 1717# is from a patch from Petr Machata (2011-10-17) 1718# 1719# From Tim Parenti (2011-10-19) 1720# In addition, being situated at +4651+2938 would give Tiraspol 1721# a pre-1880 LMT offset of 1:58:32. 1722# 1723# (which agrees with the earlier entry that had been removed) 1724# 1725# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2011-10-26) 1726# NO need to divide Moldova into two timezones at this point. 1727# As of today, Transnistria (Pridnestrovie)- Tiraspol reversed its own 1728# decision to abolish DST this winter. 1729# Following Moldova and neighboring Ukraine- Transnistria (Pridnestrovie)- 1730# Tiraspol will go back to winter time on October 30, 2011. 1731# News from Moldova (in russian): |
| 1732# <a href="http://ru.publika.md/link_317061.html"> | |
| 1733# http://ru.publika.md/link_317061.html | 1732# http://ru.publika.md/link_317061.html |
| 1734# </a> | |
| 1735 1736 1737# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1738Zone Europe/Chisinau 1:55:20 - LMT 1880 1739 1:55 - CMT 1918 Feb 15 # Chisinau MT 1740 1:44:24 - BMT 1931 Jul 24 # Bucharest MT 1741 2:00 Romania EE%sT 1940 Aug 15 1742 2:00 1:00 EEST 1941 Jul 17 --- 114 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 1857# Svalbard & Jan Mayen 1858 1859# From Steffen Thorsen (2001-05-01): 1860# Although I could not find it explicitly, it seems that Jan Mayen and 1861# Svalbard have been using the same time as Norway at least since the 1862# time they were declared as parts of Norway. Svalbard was declared 1863# as a part of Norway by law of 1925-07-17 no 11, section 4 and Jan 1864# Mayen by law of 1930-02-27 no 2, section 2. (From | 1733 1734 1735# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1736Zone Europe/Chisinau 1:55:20 - LMT 1880 1737 1:55 - CMT 1918 Feb 15 # Chisinau MT 1738 1:44:24 - BMT 1931 Jul 24 # Bucharest MT 1739 2:00 Romania EE%sT 1940 Aug 15 1740 2:00 1:00 EEST 1941 Jul 17 --- 114 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 1855# Svalbard & Jan Mayen 1856 1857# From Steffen Thorsen (2001-05-01): 1858# Although I could not find it explicitly, it seems that Jan Mayen and 1859# Svalbard have been using the same time as Norway at least since the 1860# time they were declared as parts of Norway. Svalbard was declared 1861# as a part of Norway by law of 1925-07-17 no 11, section 4 and Jan 1862# Mayen by law of 1930-02-27 no 2, section 2. (From |
| 1865# http://www.lovdata.no/all/nl-19250717-011.html and 1866# http://www.lovdata.no/all/nl-19300227-002.html). The law/regulation | 1863# <http://www.lovdata.no/all/nl-19250717-011.html> and 1864# <http://www.lovdata.no/all/nl-19300227-002.html>). The law/regulation |
| 1867# for normal/standard time in Norway is from 1894-06-29 no 1 (came 1868# into operation on 1895-01-01) and Svalbard/Jan Mayen seem to be a 1869# part of this law since 1925/1930. (From | 1865# for normal/standard time in Norway is from 1894-06-29 no 1 (came 1866# into operation on 1895-01-01) and Svalbard/Jan Mayen seem to be a 1867# part of this law since 1925/1930. (From |
| 1870# http://www.lovdata.no/all/nl-18940629-001.html ) I have not been | 1868# <http://www.lovdata.no/all/nl-18940629-001.html>) I have not been |
| 1871# able to find if Jan Mayen used a different time zone (e.g. -0100) | 1869# able to find if Jan Mayen used a different time zone (e.g. -0100) |
| 1872# before 1930. Jan Mayen has only been "inhabitated" since 1921 by | 1870# before 1930. Jan Mayen has only been "inhabited" since 1921 by |
| 1873# Norwegian meteorologists and maybe used the same time as Norway ever 1874# since 1921. Svalbard (Arctic/Longyearbyen) has been inhabited since 1875# before 1895, and therefore probably changed the local time somewhere 1876# between 1895 and 1925 (inclusive). 1877 1878# From Paul Eggert (2013-09-04): 1879# 1880# Actually, Jan Mayen was never occupied by Germany during World War II, 1881# so it must have diverged from Oslo time during the war, as Oslo was 1882# keeping Berlin time. 1883# 1884# <http://home.no.net/janmayen/history.htm> says that the meteorologists 1885# burned down their station in 1940 and left the island, but returned in 1886# 1941 with a small Norwegian garrison and continued operations despite | 1871# Norwegian meteorologists and maybe used the same time as Norway ever 1872# since 1921. Svalbard (Arctic/Longyearbyen) has been inhabited since 1873# before 1895, and therefore probably changed the local time somewhere 1874# between 1895 and 1925 (inclusive). 1875 1876# From Paul Eggert (2013-09-04): 1877# 1878# Actually, Jan Mayen was never occupied by Germany during World War II, 1879# so it must have diverged from Oslo time during the war, as Oslo was 1880# keeping Berlin time. 1881# 1882# <http://home.no.net/janmayen/history.htm> says that the meteorologists 1883# burned down their station in 1940 and left the island, but returned in 1884# 1941 with a small Norwegian garrison and continued operations despite |
| 1887# frequent air ttacks from Germans. In 1943 the Americans established a | 1885# frequent air attacks from Germans. In 1943 the Americans established a |
| 1888# radiolocating station on the island, called "Atlantic City". Possibly 1889# the UT offset changed during the war, but I think it unlikely that 1890# Jan Mayen used German daylight-saving rules. 1891# 1892# Svalbard is more complicated, as it was raided in August 1941 by an 1893# Allied party that evacuated the civilian population to England (says 1894# <http://www.bartleby.com/65/sv/Svalbard.html>). The Svalbard FAQ 1895# <http://www.svalbard.com/SvalbardFAQ.html> says that the Germans were 1896# expelled on 1942-05-14. However, small parties of Germans did return, 1897# and according to Wilhelm Dege's book "War North of 80" (1954) 1898# <http://www.ucalgary.ca/UofC/departments/UP/1-55238/1-55238-110-2.html> 1899# the German armed forces at the Svalbard weather station code-named 1900# Haudegen did not surrender to the Allies until September 1945. 1901# 1902# All these events predate our cutoff date of 1970, so use Europe/Oslo 1903# for these regions. 1904Link Europe/Oslo Arctic/Longyearbyen 1905 1906# Poland | 1886# radiolocating station on the island, called "Atlantic City". Possibly 1887# the UT offset changed during the war, but I think it unlikely that 1888# Jan Mayen used German daylight-saving rules. 1889# 1890# Svalbard is more complicated, as it was raided in August 1941 by an 1891# Allied party that evacuated the civilian population to England (says 1892# <http://www.bartleby.com/65/sv/Svalbard.html>). The Svalbard FAQ 1893# <http://www.svalbard.com/SvalbardFAQ.html> says that the Germans were 1894# expelled on 1942-05-14. However, small parties of Germans did return, 1895# and according to Wilhelm Dege's book "War North of 80" (1954) 1896# <http://www.ucalgary.ca/UofC/departments/UP/1-55238/1-55238-110-2.html> 1897# the German armed forces at the Svalbard weather station code-named 1898# Haudegen did not surrender to the Allies until September 1945. 1899# 1900# All these events predate our cutoff date of 1970, so use Europe/Oslo 1901# for these regions. 1902Link Europe/Oslo Arctic/Longyearbyen 1903 1904# Poland |
| 1905 1906# The 1919 dates and times can be found in Tygodnik Urz��dowy nr 1 (1919-03-20), 1907# <http://www.wbc.poznan.pl/publication/32156> pp 1-2. 1908 |
|
| 1907# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1908Rule Poland 1918 1919 - Sep 16 2:00s 0 - 1909Rule Poland 1919 only - Apr 15 2:00s 1:00 S 1910Rule Poland 1944 only - Apr 3 2:00s 1:00 S 1911# Whitman gives 1944 Nov 30; go with Shanks & Pottenger. 1912Rule Poland 1944 only - Oct 4 2:00 0 - 1913# For 1944-1948 Whitman gives the previous day; go with Shanks & Pottenger. 1914Rule Poland 1945 only - Apr 29 0:00 1:00 S 1915Rule Poland 1945 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 1916# For 1946 on the source is Kazimierz Borkowski, | 1909# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1910Rule Poland 1918 1919 - Sep 16 2:00s 0 - 1911Rule Poland 1919 only - Apr 15 2:00s 1:00 S 1912Rule Poland 1944 only - Apr 3 2:00s 1:00 S 1913# Whitman gives 1944 Nov 30; go with Shanks & Pottenger. 1914Rule Poland 1944 only - Oct 4 2:00 0 - 1915# For 1944-1948 Whitman gives the previous day; go with Shanks & Pottenger. 1916Rule Poland 1945 only - Apr 29 0:00 1:00 S 1917Rule Poland 1945 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 1918# For 1946 on the source is Kazimierz Borkowski, |
| 1917# Torun Center for Astronomy, Dept. of Radio Astronomy, Nicolaus Copernicus U., | 1919# Toru�� Center for Astronomy, Dept. of Radio Astronomy, Nicolaus Copernicus U., |
| 1918# <http://www.astro.uni.torun.pl/~kb/Artykuly/U-PA/Czas2.htm#tth_tAb1> | 1920# <http://www.astro.uni.torun.pl/~kb/Artykuly/U-PA/Czas2.htm#tth_tAb1> |
| 1919# Thanks to Przemyslaw Augustyniak (2005-05-28) for this reference. | 1921# Thanks to Przemys��aw Augustyniak (2005-05-28) for this reference. |
| 1920# He also gives these further references: 1921# Mon Pol nr 13, poz 162 (1995) <http://www.abc.com.pl/serwis/mp/1995/0162.htm> 1922# Druk nr 2180 (2003) <http://www.senat.gov.pl/k5/dok/sejm/053/2180.pdf> 1923Rule Poland 1946 only - Apr 14 0:00s 1:00 S 1924Rule Poland 1946 only - Oct 7 2:00s 0 - 1925Rule Poland 1947 only - May 4 2:00s 1:00 S 1926Rule Poland 1947 1949 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 0 - 1927Rule Poland 1948 only - Apr 18 2:00s 1:00 S --- 120 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 2048 -1:07:36 - FMT 1911 May 24 # Funchal Mean Time 2049 -1:00 Port MAD%sT 1966 Apr 3 2:00 # Madeira Time 2050 0:00 Port WE%sT 1983 Sep 25 1:00s 2051 0:00 EU WE%sT 2052 2053# Romania 2054# 2055# From Paul Eggert (1999-10-07): | 1922# He also gives these further references: 1923# Mon Pol nr 13, poz 162 (1995) <http://www.abc.com.pl/serwis/mp/1995/0162.htm> 1924# Druk nr 2180 (2003) <http://www.senat.gov.pl/k5/dok/sejm/053/2180.pdf> 1925Rule Poland 1946 only - Apr 14 0:00s 1:00 S 1926Rule Poland 1946 only - Oct 7 2:00s 0 - 1927Rule Poland 1947 only - May 4 2:00s 1:00 S 1928Rule Poland 1947 1949 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 0 - 1929Rule Poland 1948 only - Apr 18 2:00s 1:00 S --- 120 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 2050 -1:07:36 - FMT 1911 May 24 # Funchal Mean Time 2051 -1:00 Port MAD%sT 1966 Apr 3 2:00 # Madeira Time 2052 0:00 Port WE%sT 1983 Sep 25 1:00s 2053 0:00 EU WE%sT 2054 2055# Romania 2056# 2057# From Paul Eggert (1999-10-07): |
| 2056# <a href="http://www.nineoclock.ro/POL/1778pol.html"> 2057# Nine O'clock</a> (1998-10-23) reports that the switch occurred at | 2058# Nine O'clock <http://www.nineoclock.ro/POL/1778pol.html> 2059# (1998-10-23) reports that the switch occurred at |
| 2058# 04:00 local time in fall 1998. For lack of better info, 2059# assume that Romania and Moldova switched to EU rules in 1997, 2060# the same year as Bulgaria. 2061# 2062# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 2063Rule Romania 1932 only - May 21 0:00s 1:00 S 2064Rule Romania 1932 1939 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00s 0 - 2065Rule Romania 1933 1939 - Apr Sun>=2 0:00s 1:00 S --- 7 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 2073Zone Europe/Bucharest 1:44:24 - LMT 1891 Oct 2074 1:44:24 - BMT 1931 Jul 24 # Bucharest MT 2075 2:00 Romania EE%sT 1981 Mar 29 2:00s 2076 2:00 C-Eur EE%sT 1991 2077 2:00 Romania EE%sT 1994 2078 2:00 E-Eur EE%sT 1997 2079 2:00 EU EE%sT 2080 | 2060# 04:00 local time in fall 1998. For lack of better info, 2061# assume that Romania and Moldova switched to EU rules in 1997, 2062# the same year as Bulgaria. 2063# 2064# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 2065Rule Romania 1932 only - May 21 0:00s 1:00 S 2066Rule Romania 1932 1939 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00s 0 - 2067Rule Romania 1933 1939 - Apr Sun>=2 0:00s 1:00 S --- 7 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 2075Zone Europe/Bucharest 1:44:24 - LMT 1891 Oct 2076 1:44:24 - BMT 1931 Jul 24 # Bucharest MT 2077 2:00 Romania EE%sT 1981 Mar 29 2:00s 2078 2:00 C-Eur EE%sT 1991 2079 2:00 Romania EE%sT 1994 2080 2:00 E-Eur EE%sT 1997 2081 2:00 EU EE%sT 2082 |
| 2083 |
|
| 2081# Russia 2082 2083# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2011-09-15): 2084# Based on last Russian Government Decree # 725 on August 31, 2011 2085# (Government document | 2084# Russia 2085 2086# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2011-09-15): 2087# Based on last Russian Government Decree # 725 on August 31, 2011 2088# (Government document |
| 2086# <a href="http://www.government.ru/gov/results/16355/print/"> | |
| 2087# http://www.government.ru/gov/results/16355/print/ | 2089# http://www.government.ru/gov/results/16355/print/ |
| 2088# </a> | |
| 2089# in Russian) 2090# there are few corrections have to be made for some Russian time zones... 2091# All updated Russian Time Zones were placed in table and translated to English 2092# by WorldTimeZone.com at the link below: | 2090# in Russian) 2091# there are few corrections have to be made for some Russian time zones... 2092# All updated Russian Time Zones were placed in table and translated to English 2093# by WorldTimeZone.com at the link below: |
| 2093# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_russia36.htm"> | |
| 2094# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_russia36.htm | 2094# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_russia36.htm |
| 2095# </a> | |
| 2096 2097# From Sanjeev Gupta (2011-09-27): 2098# Scans of [Decree #23 of January 8, 1992] are available at: | 2095 2096# From Sanjeev Gupta (2011-09-27): 2097# Scans of [Decree #23 of January 8, 1992] are available at: |
| 2099# <a href="http://government.consultant.ru/page.aspx?1223966"> | |
| 2100# http://government.consultant.ru/page.aspx?1223966 2101# They are in Cyrillic letters (presumably Russian). 2102 2103# From Arthur David Olson (2012-05-09): 2104# Regarding the instant when clocks in time-zone-shifting parts of Russia 2105# changed in September 2011: 2106# 2107# One source is | 2098# http://government.consultant.ru/page.aspx?1223966 2099# They are in Cyrillic letters (presumably Russian). 2100 2101# From Arthur David Olson (2012-05-09): 2102# Regarding the instant when clocks in time-zone-shifting parts of Russia 2103# changed in September 2011: 2104# 2105# One source is |
| 2108# < a href="http://government.ru/gov/results/16355/> | |
| 2109# http://government.ru/gov/results/16355/ | 2106# http://government.ru/gov/results/16355/ |
| 2110# </a> | |
| 2111# which, according to translate.google.com, begins "Decree of August 31, 2112# 2011 No 725" and contains no other dates or "effective date" information. 2113# 2114# Another source is | 2107# which, according to translate.google.com, begins "Decree of August 31, 2108# 2011 No 725" and contains no other dates or "effective date" information. 2109# 2110# Another source is |
| 2115# <a href="http://www.rg.ru/2011/09/06/chas-zona-dok.html"> | |
| 2116# http://www.rg.ru/2011/09/06/chas-zona-dok.html | 2111# http://www.rg.ru/2011/09/06/chas-zona-dok.html |
| 2117# </a> | |
| 2118# which, according to translate.google.com, begins "Resolution of the 2119# Government of the Russian Federation on August 31, 2011 N 725" and also 2120# contains "Date first official publication: September 6, 2011 Posted on: 2121# in the 'RG' - Federal Issue number 5573 September 6, 2011" but which 2122# does not contain any "effective date" information. 2123# 2124# Another source is | 2112# which, according to translate.google.com, begins "Resolution of the 2113# Government of the Russian Federation on August 31, 2011 N 725" and also 2114# contains "Date first official publication: September 6, 2011 Posted on: 2115# in the 'RG' - Federal Issue number 5573 September 6, 2011" but which 2116# does not contain any "effective date" information. 2117# 2118# Another source is |
| 2125# <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oymyakonsky_District#cite_note-RuTime-7"> | |
| 2126# http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oymyakonsky_District#cite_note-RuTime-7 | 2119# http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oymyakonsky_District#cite_note-RuTime-7 |
| 2127# </a> | |
| 2128# which, in note 8, contains "Resolution #725 of August 31, 2011... 2129# Effective as of after 7 days following the day of the official publication" 2130# but which does not contain any reference to September 6, 2011. 2131# 2132# The Wikipedia article refers to | 2120# which, in note 8, contains "Resolution #725 of August 31, 2011... 2121# Effective as of after 7 days following the day of the official publication" 2122# but which does not contain any reference to September 6, 2011. 2123# 2124# The Wikipedia article refers to |
| 2133# <a href="http://base.consultant.ru/cons/cgi/online.cgi?req=doc;base=LAW;n=118896"> | |
| 2134# http://base.consultant.ru/cons/cgi/online.cgi?req=doc;base=LAW;n=118896 | 2125# http://base.consultant.ru/cons/cgi/online.cgi?req=doc;base=LAW;n=118896 |
| 2135# </a> | |
| 2136# which seems to copy the text of the government.ru page. 2137# 2138# Tobias Conradi combines Wikipedia's 2139# "as of after 7 days following the day of the official publication" | 2126# which seems to copy the text of the government.ru page. 2127# 2128# Tobias Conradi combines Wikipedia's 2129# "as of after 7 days following the day of the official publication" |
| 2140# with www.rg.ru's "Date of first official publication: September 6, 2011" to get 2141# September 13, 2011 as the cutover date (unusually, a Tuesday, as Tobias Conradi notes). | 2130# with www.rg.ru's "Date of first official publication: September 6, 2011" to 2131# get September 13, 2011 as the cutover date (unusually, a Tuesday, as Tobias 2132# Conradi notes). |
| 2142# 2143# None of the sources indicates a time of day for changing clocks. 2144# 2145# Go with 2011-09-13 0:00s. 2146 | 2133# 2134# None of the sources indicates a time of day for changing clocks. 2135# 2136# Go with 2011-09-13 0:00s. 2137 |
| 2138# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2014-07-01): 2139# According to the Russian news (ITAR-TASS News Agency) 2140# http://en.itar-tass.com/russia/738562 2141# the State Duma has approved ... the draft bill on returning to 2142# winter time standard and return Russia 11 time zones. The new 2143# regulations will come into effect on October 26, 2014 at 02:00 ... 2144# http://asozd2.duma.gov.ru/main.nsf/%28Spravka%29?OpenAgent&RN=431985-6&02 2145# Here is a link where we put together table (based on approved Bill N 2146# 431985-6) with proposed 11 Russian time zones and corresponding 2147# areas/cities/administrative centers in the Russian Federation (in English): 2148# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_russia65.html 2149# 2150# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2014-07-22): 2151# Putin signed the Federal Law 431985-6 ... (in Russian) 2152# http://itar-tass.com/obschestvo/1333711 2153# http://www.pravo.gov.ru:8080/page.aspx?111660 2154# http://www.kremlin.ru/acts/46279 2155# From October 26, 2014 the new Russian time zone map will looks like this: 2156# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_russia-map-2014-07.html 2157 |
|
| 2147# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 2148# Except for Moscow after 1919-07-01, I invented the time zone abbreviations. 2149# Moscow time zone abbreviations after 1919-07-01, and Moscow rules after 1991, 2150# are from Andrey A. Chernov. The rest is from Shanks & Pottenger, 2151# except we follow Chernov's report that 1992 DST transitions were Sat 2152# 23:00, not Sun 02:00s. 2153# 2154# From Stanislaw A. Kuzikowski (1994-06-29): --- 10 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 2165# 2166# From Chris Carrier (1996-10-30): 2167# According to a friend of mine who rode the Trans-Siberian Railroad from 2168# Moscow to Irkutsk in 1995, public air and rail transport in Russia ... 2169# still follows Moscow time, no matter where in Russia it is located. 2170# 2171# For Grozny, Chechnya, we have the following story from 2172# John Daniszewski, "Scavengers in the Rubble", Los Angeles Times (2001-02-07): | 2158# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 2159# Except for Moscow after 1919-07-01, I invented the time zone abbreviations. 2160# Moscow time zone abbreviations after 1919-07-01, and Moscow rules after 1991, 2161# are from Andrey A. Chernov. The rest is from Shanks & Pottenger, 2162# except we follow Chernov's report that 1992 DST transitions were Sat 2163# 23:00, not Sun 02:00s. 2164# 2165# From Stanislaw A. Kuzikowski (1994-06-29): --- 10 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 2176# 2177# From Chris Carrier (1996-10-30): 2178# According to a friend of mine who rode the Trans-Siberian Railroad from 2179# Moscow to Irkutsk in 1995, public air and rail transport in Russia ... 2180# still follows Moscow time, no matter where in Russia it is located. 2181# 2182# For Grozny, Chechnya, we have the following story from 2183# John Daniszewski, "Scavengers in the Rubble", Los Angeles Times (2001-02-07): |
| 2173# News--often false--is spread by word of mouth. A rumor that it was | 2184# News - often false - is spread by word of mouth. A rumor that it was |
| 2174# time to move the clocks back put this whole city out of sync with | 2185# time to move the clocks back put this whole city out of sync with |
| 2175# the rest of Russia for two weeks--even soldiers stationed here began | 2186# the rest of Russia for two weeks - even soldiers stationed here began |
| 2176# enforcing curfew at the wrong time. 2177# 2178# From Gwillim Law (2001-06-05): 2179# There's considerable evidence that Sakhalin Island used to be in 2180# UTC+11, and has changed to UTC+10, in this decade. I start with the 2181# SSIM, which listed Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk in zone RU10 along with Magadan 2182# until February 1997, and then in RU9 with Khabarovsk and Vladivostok 2183# since September 1997.... Although the Kuril Islands are 2184# administratively part of Sakhalin oblast', they appear to have 2185# remained on UTC+11 along with Magadan. | 2187# enforcing curfew at the wrong time. 2188# 2189# From Gwillim Law (2001-06-05): 2190# There's considerable evidence that Sakhalin Island used to be in 2191# UTC+11, and has changed to UTC+10, in this decade. I start with the 2192# SSIM, which listed Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk in zone RU10 along with Magadan 2193# until February 1997, and then in RU9 with Khabarovsk and Vladivostok 2194# since September 1997.... Although the Kuril Islands are 2195# administratively part of Sakhalin oblast', they appear to have 2196# remained on UTC+11 along with Magadan. |
| 2186# | 2197 2198# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-06): 2199# The comments detailing the coverage of each Russian zone are meant to assist 2200# with maintenance only and represent our best guesses as to which regions 2201# are covered by each zone. They are not meant to be taken as an authoritative 2202# listing. The region codes listed come from 2203# http://en.wikipedia.org/w/?title=Federal_subjects_of_Russia&oldid=611810498 2204# and are used for convenience only; no guarantees are made regarding their 2205# future stability. ISO 3166-2:RU codes are also listed for first-level 2206# divisions where available. 2207 |
| 2187# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] | 2208# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] |
| 2188# 2189# Kaliningradskaya oblast'. | 2209 2210 2211# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03): 2212# Europe/Kaliningrad covers... 2213# 39 RU-KGD Kaliningrad Oblast 2214 |
| 2190Zone Europe/Kaliningrad 1:22:00 - LMT 1893 Apr 2191 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 2192 2:00 Poland CE%sT 1946 2193 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2194 2:00 Russia EE%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s | 2215Zone Europe/Kaliningrad 1:22:00 - LMT 1893 Apr 2216 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 2217 2:00 Poland CE%sT 1946 2218 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2219 2:00 Russia EE%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s |
| 2195 3:00 - FET # Further-eastern European Time | 2220 3:00 - FET 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 2221 2:00 - EET 2222 2223 2224# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): 2225# Europe/Moscow covers... 2226# 01 RU-AD Adygea, Republic of 2227# 05 RU-DA Dagestan, Republic of 2228# 06 RU-IN Ingushetia, Republic of 2229# 07 RU-KB Kabardino-Balkar Republic 2230# 08 RU-KL Kalmykia, Republic of 2231# 09 RU-KC Karachay-Cherkess Republic 2232# 10 RU-KR Karelia, Republic of 2233# 11 RU-KO Komi Republic 2234# 12 RU-ME Mari El Republic 2235# 13 RU-MO Mordovia, Republic of 2236# 15 RU-SE North Ossetia-Alania, Republic of 2237# 16 RU-TA Tatarstan, Republic of 2238# 20 RU-CE Chechen Republic 2239# 21 RU-CU Chuvash Republic 2240# 23 RU-KDA Krasnodar Krai 2241# 26 RU-STA Stavropol Krai 2242# 29 RU-ARK Arkhangelsk Oblast 2243# 31 RU-BEL Belgorod Oblast 2244# 32 RU-BRY Bryansk Oblast 2245# 33 RU-VLA Vladimir Oblast 2246# 35 RU-VLG Vologda Oblast 2247# 36 RU-VOR Voronezh Oblast 2248# 37 RU-IVA Ivanovo Oblast 2249# 40 RU-KLU Kaluga Oblast 2250# 44 RU-KOS Kostroma Oblast 2251# 46 RU-KRS Kursk Oblast 2252# 47 RU-LEN Leningrad Oblast 2253# 48 RU-LIP Lipetsk Oblast 2254# 50 RU-MOS Moscow Oblast 2255# 51 RU-MUR Murmansk Oblast 2256# 52 RU-NIZ Nizhny Novgorod Oblast 2257# 53 RU-NGR Novgorod Oblast 2258# 57 RU-ORL Oryol Oblast 2259# 58 RU-PNZ Penza Oblast 2260# 60 RU-PSK Pskov Oblast 2261# 61 RU-ROS Rostov Oblast 2262# 62 RU-RYA Ryazan Oblast 2263# 67 RU-SMO Smolensk Oblast 2264# 68 RU-TAM Tambov Oblast 2265# 69 RU-TVE Tver Oblast 2266# 71 RU-TUL Tula Oblast 2267# 73 RU-ULY Ulyanovsk Oblast 2268# 76 RU-YAR Yaroslavl Oblast 2269# 77 RU-MOW Moscow 2270# 78 RU-SPE Saint Petersburg 2271# 83 RU-NEN Nenets Autonomous Okrug 2272 2273# From Vladimir Karpinsky (2014-07-08): 2274# LMT in Moscow (before Jul 3, 1916) is 2:30:17, that was defined by Moscow 2275# Observatory (coordinates: 55 deg. 45'29.70", 37 deg. 34'05.30").... 2276# LMT in Moscow since Jul 3, 1916 is 2:31:01 as a result of new standard. 2277# (The info is from the book by Byalokoz E.L. New Counting of Time in Russia 2278# since July 1, 1919, p. 18.) The time in St. Petersburg as capital of Russia 2279# was defined by Pulkov observatory, near St. Petersburg. In 1916 LMT Moscow 2280# was synchronized with LMT St. Petersburg (+30 minutes), (Pulkov observatory 2281# coordinates: 59 deg. 46'18.70", 30 deg. 19'40.70") so 30 deg. 19'40.70" > 2282# 2h01m18.7s = 2:01:19. LMT Moscow = LMT St.Petersburg + 30m 2:01:19 + 0:30 = 2283# 2:31:19 ... |
| 2196# | 2284# |
| 2197# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): [This region consists of] 2198# Respublika Adygeya, Arkhangel'skaya oblast', 2199# Belgorodskaya oblast', Bryanskaya oblast', Vladimirskaya oblast', 2200# Vologodskaya oblast', Voronezhskaya oblast', 2201# Respublika Dagestan, Ivanovskaya oblast', Respublika Ingushetiya, 2202# Kabarbino-Balkarskaya Respublika, Respublika Kalmykiya, 2203# Kalyzhskaya oblast', Respublika Karachaevo-Cherkessiya, 2204# Respublika Kareliya, Respublika Komi, 2205# Kostromskaya oblast', Krasnodarskij kraj, Kurskaya oblast', 2206# Leningradskaya oblast', Lipetskaya oblast', Respublika Marij El, 2207# Respublika Mordoviya, Moskva, Moskovskaya oblast', 2208# Murmanskaya oblast', Nenetskij avtonomnyj okrug, 2209# Nizhegorodskaya oblast', Novgorodskaya oblast', Orlovskaya oblast', 2210# Penzenskaya oblast', Pskovskaya oblast', Rostovskaya oblast', 2211# Ryazanskaya oblast', Sankt-Peterburg, 2212# Respublika Severnaya Osetiya, Smolenskaya oblast', 2213# Stavropol'skij kraj, Tambovskaya oblast', Respublika Tatarstan, 2214# Tverskaya oblast', Tyl'skaya oblast', Ul'yanovskaya oblast', 2215# Chechenskaya Respublika, Chuvashskaya oblast', 2216# Yaroslavskaya oblast' 2217Zone Europe/Moscow 2:30:20 - LMT 1880 2218 2:30 - MMT 1916 Jul 3 # Moscow Mean Time 2219 2:30:48 Russia %s 1919 Jul 1 2:00 | 2285# From Paul Eggert (2014-07-08): 2286# Milne does not list Moscow, but suggests that its time might be listed in 2287# R��sum��s mensuels et annuels des observations m��t��orologiques (1895). 2288# Presumably this is OCLC 85825704, a journal published with parallel text in 2289# Russian and French. This source has not been located; go with Karpinsky. 2290 2291Zone Europe/Moscow 2:30:17 - LMT 1880 2292 2:30:17 - MMT 1916 Jul 3 # Moscow Mean Time 2293 2:31:19 Russia %s 1919 Jul 1 2:00 |
| 2220 3:00 Russia %s 1921 Oct 2221 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1922 Oct 2222 2:00 - EET 1930 Jun 21 2223 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2224 2:00 Russia EE%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 2225 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 2011 Mar 27 2:00s | 2294 3:00 Russia %s 1921 Oct 2295 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1922 Oct 2296 2:00 - EET 1930 Jun 21 2297 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2298 2:00 Russia EE%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 2299 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 2011 Mar 27 2:00s |
| 2226 4:00 - MSK | 2300 4:00 - MSK 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 2301 3:00 - MSK 2302 2303 2304# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03): 2305# Europe/Simferopol covers... 2306# ** **** Crimea, Republic of 2307# ** **** Sevastopol 2308 2309Zone Europe/Simferopol 2:16:24 - LMT 1880 2310 2:16 - SMT 1924 May 2 # Simferopol Mean T 2311 2:00 - EET 1930 Jun 21 2312 3:00 - MSK 1941 Nov 2313 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Apr 13 2314 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1990 2315 3:00 - MSK 1990 Jul 1 2:00 2316 2:00 - EET 1992 2317# Central Crimea used Moscow time 1994/1997. |
| 2227# | 2318# |
| 2228# Astrakhanskaya oblast', Kirovskaya oblast', Saratovskaya oblast', 2229# Volgogradskaya oblast'. Shanks & Pottenger say Kirov is still at +0400 2230# but Wikipedia (2006-05-09) says +0300. Perhaps it switched after the 2231# others? But we have no data. | 2319# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 2320# The _Economist_ (1994-05-28, p 45) reports that central Crimea switched 2321# from Kiev to Moscow time sometime after the January 1994 elections. 2322# Shanks (1999) says "date of change uncertain", but implies that it happened 2323# sometime between the 1994 DST switches. Shanks & Pottenger simply say 2324# 1994-09-25 03:00, but that can't be right. For now, guess it 2325# changed in May. 2326 2:00 E-Eur EE%sT 1994 May 2327# From IATA SSIM (1994/1997), which also says that Kerch is still like Kiev. 2328 3:00 E-Eur MSK/MSD 1996 Mar 31 3:00s 2329 3:00 1:00 MSD 1996 Oct 27 3:00s 2330# IATA SSIM (1997-09) says Crimea switched to EET/EEST. 2331# Assume it happened in March by not changing the clocks. 2332 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1997 2333 3:00 - MSK 1997 Mar lastSun 1:00u 2334# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2014-03-17): 2335# time change at 2:00 (2am) on March 30, 2014 2336# http://vz.ru/news/2014/3/17/677464.html 2337# From Paul Eggert (2014-03-30): 2338# Simferopol and Sevastopol reportedly changed their central town clocks 2339# late the previous day, but this appears to have been ceremonial 2340# and the discrepancies are small enough to not worry about. 2341 2:00 EU EE%sT 2014 Mar 30 2:00 2342 4:00 - MSK 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 2343 3:00 - MSK 2344 2345 2346# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03): 2347# Europe/Volgograd covers... 2348# 30 RU-AST Astrakhan Oblast 2349# 34 RU-VGG Volgograd Oblast 2350# 43 RU-KIR Kirov Oblast 2351# 64 RU-SAR Saratov Oblast 2352 2353# From Paul Eggert (2006-05-09): 2354# Shanks & Pottenger say Kirov is still at +0400 but Wikipedia says +0300. 2355# Perhaps it switched after the others? But we have no data. 2356 |
| 2232Zone Europe/Volgograd 2:57:40 - LMT 1920 Jan 3 2233 3:00 - TSAT 1925 Apr 6 # Tsaritsyn Time 2234 3:00 - STAT 1930 Jun 21 # Stalingrad Time 2235 4:00 - STAT 1961 Nov 11 2236 4:00 Russia VOL%sT 1989 Mar 26 2:00s # Volgograd T 2237 3:00 Russia VOL%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2238 4:00 - VOLT 1992 Mar 29 2:00s | 2357Zone Europe/Volgograd 2:57:40 - LMT 1920 Jan 3 2358 3:00 - TSAT 1925 Apr 6 # Tsaritsyn Time 2359 3:00 - STAT 1930 Jun 21 # Stalingrad Time 2360 4:00 - STAT 1961 Nov 11 2361 4:00 Russia VOL%sT 1989 Mar 26 2:00s # Volgograd T 2362 3:00 Russia VOL%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2363 4:00 - VOLT 1992 Mar 29 2:00s |
| 2239 3:00 Russia VOL%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 2240 4:00 - VOLT 2241# 2242# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): [This region consists of] 2243# Samarskaya oblast', Udmyrtskaya respublika | 2364 3:00 Russia MSK 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 2365 4:00 - MSK 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 2366 3:00 - MSK 2367 2368 2369# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): 2370# Europe/Samara covers... 2371# 18 RU-UD Udmurt Republic 2372# 63 RU-SAM Samara Oblast 2373 |
| 2244Zone Europe/Samara 3:20:36 - LMT 1919 Jul 1 2:00 2245 3:00 - SAMT 1930 Jun 21 2246 4:00 - SAMT 1935 Jan 27 2247 4:00 Russia KUY%sT 1989 Mar 26 2:00s # Kuybyshev | 2374Zone Europe/Samara 3:20:36 - LMT 1919 Jul 1 2:00 2375 3:00 - SAMT 1930 Jun 21 2376 4:00 - SAMT 1935 Jan 27 2377 4:00 Russia KUY%sT 1989 Mar 26 2:00s # Kuybyshev |
| 2248 3:00 Russia KUY%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2249 2:00 Russia KUY%sT 1991 Sep 29 2:00s | 2378 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2379 2:00 Russia EE%sT 1991 Sep 29 2:00s |
| 2250 3:00 - KUYT 1991 Oct 20 3:00 2251 4:00 Russia SAM%sT 2010 Mar 28 2:00s # Samara Time 2252 3:00 Russia SAM%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 2253 4:00 - SAMT 2254 | 2380 3:00 - KUYT 1991 Oct 20 3:00 2381 4:00 Russia SAM%sT 2010 Mar 28 2:00s # Samara Time 2382 3:00 Russia SAM%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 2383 4:00 - SAMT 2384 |
| 2385 2386# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): 2387# Asia/Yekaterinburg covers... 2388# 02 RU-BA Bashkortostan, Republic of 2389# 90 RU-PER Perm Krai 2390# 45 RU-KGN Kurgan Oblast 2391# 56 RU-ORE Orenburg Oblast 2392# 66 RU-SVE Sverdlovsk Oblast 2393# 72 RU-TYU Tyumen Oblast 2394# 74 RU-CHE Chelyabinsk Oblast 2395# 86 RU-KHM Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug - Yugra 2396# 89 RU-YAN Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug |
|
| 2255# | 2397# |
| 2256# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): [This region consists of] 2257# Respublika Bashkortostan, Komi-Permyatskij avtonomnyj okrug, 2258# Kurganskaya oblast', Orenburgskaya oblast', Permskaya oblast', 2259# Sverdlovskaya oblast', Tyumenskaya oblast', 2260# Khanty-Manskijskij avtonomnyj okrug, Chelyabinskaya oblast', 2261# Yamalo-Nenetskij avtonomnyj okrug. 2262Zone Asia/Yekaterinburg 4:02:24 - LMT 1919 Jul 15 4:00 | 2398# Note: Effective 2005-12-01, (59) Perm Oblast and (81) Komi-Permyak 2399# Autonomous Okrug merged to form (90, RU-PER) Perm Krai. 2400 2401# Milne says Yekaterinburg time was 4:02:32.9; round to nearest. 2402 2403Zone Asia/Yekaterinburg 4:02:33 - LMT 1919 Jul 15 4:00 |
| 2263 4:00 - SVET 1930 Jun 21 # Sverdlovsk Time 2264 5:00 Russia SVE%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2265 4:00 Russia SVE%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 2266 5:00 Russia YEK%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s | 2404 4:00 - SVET 1930 Jun 21 # Sverdlovsk Time 2405 5:00 Russia SVE%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2406 4:00 Russia SVE%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 2407 5:00 Russia YEK%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s |
| 2267 6:00 - YEKT # Yekaterinburg Time 2268# 2269# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): [This region consists of] 2270# Respublika Altaj, Altajskij kraj, Omskaya oblast'. | 2408 6:00 - YEKT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 2409 5:00 - YEKT 2410 2411 2412# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): 2413# Asia/Omsk covers... 2414# 04 RU-AL Altai Republic 2415# 22 RU-ALT Altai Krai 2416# 55 RU-OMS Omsk Oblast 2417 |
| 2271Zone Asia/Omsk 4:53:36 - LMT 1919 Nov 14 | 2418Zone Asia/Omsk 4:53:36 - LMT 1919 Nov 14 |
| 2272 5:00 - OMST 1930 Jun 21 # Omsk TIme | 2419 5:00 - OMST 1930 Jun 21 # Omsk Time |
| 2273 6:00 Russia OMS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2274 5:00 Russia OMS%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 2275 6:00 Russia OMS%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s | 2420 6:00 Russia OMS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2421 5:00 Russia OMS%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 2422 6:00 Russia OMS%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s |
| 2276 7:00 - OMST 2277# | 2423 7:00 - OMST 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 2424 6:00 - OMST 2425 2426 2427# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03): 2428# Asia/Novosibirsk covers... 2429# 54 RU-NVS Novosibirsk Oblast 2430# 70 RU-TOM Tomsk Oblast 2431 |
| 2278# From Paul Eggert (2006-08-19): I'm guessing about Tomsk here; it's 2279# not clear when it switched from +7 to +6. | 2432# From Paul Eggert (2006-08-19): I'm guessing about Tomsk here; it's 2433# not clear when it switched from +7 to +6. |
| 2280# Novosibirskaya oblast', Tomskaya oblast'. | 2434 |
| 2281Zone Asia/Novosibirsk 5:31:40 - LMT 1919 Dec 14 6:00 2282 6:00 - NOVT 1930 Jun 21 # Novosibirsk Time 2283 7:00 Russia NOV%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2284 6:00 Russia NOV%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 2285 7:00 Russia NOV%sT 1993 May 23 # say Shanks & P. 2286 6:00 Russia NOV%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s | 2435Zone Asia/Novosibirsk 5:31:40 - LMT 1919 Dec 14 6:00 2436 6:00 - NOVT 1930 Jun 21 # Novosibirsk Time 2437 7:00 Russia NOV%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2438 6:00 Russia NOV%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 2439 7:00 Russia NOV%sT 1993 May 23 # say Shanks & P. 2440 6:00 Russia NOV%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s |
| 2287 7:00 - NOVT | 2441 7:00 - NOVT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 2442 6:00 - NOVT |
| 2288 | 2443 |
| 2444 2445# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03): 2446# Asia/Novokuznetsk covers... 2447# 42 RU-KEM Kemerovo Oblast 2448 |
|
| 2289# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-10-13): 2290# Kemerovo oblast' (Kemerovo region) in Russia will change current time zone on 2291# March 28, 2010: 2292# from current Russia Zone 6 - Krasnoyarsk Time Zone (KRA) UTC +0700 2293# to Russia Zone 5 - Novosibirsk Time Zone (NOV) UTC +0600 2294# 2295# This is according to Government of Russia decree # 740, on September 2296# 14, 2009 "Application in the territory of the Kemerovo region the Fifth 2297# time zone." ("Russia Zone 5" or old "USSR Zone 5" is GMT +0600) 2298# 2299# Russian Government web site (Russian language) | 2449# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-10-13): 2450# Kemerovo oblast' (Kemerovo region) in Russia will change current time zone on 2451# March 28, 2010: 2452# from current Russia Zone 6 - Krasnoyarsk Time Zone (KRA) UTC +0700 2453# to Russia Zone 5 - Novosibirsk Time Zone (NOV) UTC +0600 2454# 2455# This is according to Government of Russia decree # 740, on September 2456# 14, 2009 "Application in the territory of the Kemerovo region the Fifth 2457# time zone." ("Russia Zone 5" or old "USSR Zone 5" is GMT +0600) 2458# 2459# Russian Government web site (Russian language) |
| 2300# <a href="http://www.government.ru/content/governmentactivity/rfgovernmentdecisions/archiv"> | |
| 2301# http://www.government.ru/content/governmentactivity/rfgovernmentdecisions/archive/2009/09/14/991633.htm | 2460# http://www.government.ru/content/governmentactivity/rfgovernmentdecisions/archive/2009/09/14/991633.htm |
| 2302# </a> | |
| 2303# or Russian-English translation by WorldTimeZone.com with reference 2304# map to local region and new Russia Time Zone map after March 28, 2010 | 2461# or Russian-English translation by WorldTimeZone.com with reference 2462# map to local region and new Russia Time Zone map after March 28, 2010 |
| 2305# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_russia03.html"> | |
| 2306# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_russia03.html | 2463# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_russia03.html |
| 2307# </a> | |
| 2308# 2309# Thus, when Russia will switch to DST on the night of March 28, 2010 2310# Kemerovo region (Kemerovo oblast') will not change the clock. 2311# 2312# As a result, Kemerovo oblast' will be in the same time zone as 2313# Novosibirsk, Omsk, Tomsk, Barnaul and Altai Republic. 2314 | 2464# 2465# Thus, when Russia will switch to DST on the night of March 28, 2010 2466# Kemerovo region (Kemerovo oblast') will not change the clock. 2467# 2468# As a result, Kemerovo oblast' will be in the same time zone as 2469# Novosibirsk, Omsk, Tomsk, Barnaul and Altai Republic. 2470 |
| 2471# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-02), per Alexander Krivenyshev (2014-07-02): 2472# The Kemerovo region will remain at UTC+7 through the 2014-10-26 change, thus 2473# realigning itself with KRAT. 2474 |
|
| 2315Zone Asia/Novokuznetsk 5:48:48 - NMT 1920 Jan 6 2316 6:00 - KRAT 1930 Jun 21 # Krasnoyarsk Time 2317 7:00 Russia KRA%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2318 6:00 Russia KRA%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 2319 7:00 Russia KRA%sT 2010 Mar 28 2:00s | 2475Zone Asia/Novokuznetsk 5:48:48 - NMT 1920 Jan 6 2476 6:00 - KRAT 1930 Jun 21 # Krasnoyarsk Time 2477 7:00 Russia KRA%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2478 6:00 Russia KRA%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 2479 7:00 Russia KRA%sT 2010 Mar 28 2:00s |
| 2320 6:00 Russia NOV%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 2321 7:00 - NOVT # Novosibirsk/Novokuznetsk Time | 2480 6:00 Russia NOV%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s # Novosibirsk T 2481 7:00 - NOVT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 2482 7:00 - KRAT # Krasnoyarsk Time |
| 2322 | 2483 |
| 2484 2485# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): 2486# Asia/Krasnoyarsk covers... 2487# 17 RU-TY Tuva Republic 2488# 19 RU-KK Khakassia, Republic of 2489# 24 RU-KYA Krasnoyarsk Krai |
|
| 2323# | 2490# |
| 2324# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): [This region consists of] 2325# Krasnoyarskij kraj, 2326# Tajmyrskij (Dolgano-Nenetskij) avtonomnyj okrug, 2327# Respublika Tuva, Respublika Khakasiya, Evenkijskij avtonomnyj okrug. | 2491# Note: Effective 2007-01-01, (88) Evenk Autonomous Okrug and (84) Taymyr 2492# Autonomous Okrug were merged into (24, RU-KYA) Krasnoyarsk Krai. 2493 |
| 2328Zone Asia/Krasnoyarsk 6:11:20 - LMT 1920 Jan 6 2329 6:00 - KRAT 1930 Jun 21 # Krasnoyarsk Time 2330 7:00 Russia KRA%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2331 6:00 Russia KRA%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 2332 7:00 Russia KRA%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s | 2494Zone Asia/Krasnoyarsk 6:11:20 - LMT 1920 Jan 6 2495 6:00 - KRAT 1930 Jun 21 # Krasnoyarsk Time 2496 7:00 Russia KRA%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2497 6:00 Russia KRA%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 2498 7:00 Russia KRA%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s |
| 2333 8:00 - KRAT | 2499 8:00 - KRAT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 2500 7:00 - KRAT 2501 2502 2503# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): 2504# Asia/Irkutsk covers... 2505# 03 RU-BU Buryatia, Republic of 2506# 38 RU-IRK Irkutsk Oblast |
| 2334# | 2507# |
| 2335# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): [This region consists of] 2336# Respublika Buryatiya, Irkutskaya oblast', 2337# Ust'-Ordynskij Buryatskij avtonomnyj okrug. 2338Zone Asia/Irkutsk 6:57:20 - LMT 1880 2339 6:57:20 - IMT 1920 Jan 25 # Irkutsk Mean Time | 2508# Note: Effective 2008-01-01, (85) Ust-Orda Buryat Autonomous Okrug was 2509# merged into (38, RU-IRK) Irkutsk Oblast. 2510 2511# Milne says Irkutsk time was 6:57:15. 2512 2513Zone Asia/Irkutsk 6:57:15 - LMT 1880 2514 6:57:15 - IMT 1920 Jan 25 # Irkutsk Mean Time |
| 2340 7:00 - IRKT 1930 Jun 21 # Irkutsk Time 2341 8:00 Russia IRK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2342 7:00 Russia IRK%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 2343 8:00 Russia IRK%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s | 2515 7:00 - IRKT 1930 Jun 21 # Irkutsk Time 2516 8:00 Russia IRK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2517 7:00 Russia IRK%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 2518 8:00 Russia IRK%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s |
| 2344 9:00 - IRKT | 2519 9:00 - IRKT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 2520 8:00 - IRKT 2521 2522 2523# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-06): 2524# Asia/Chita covers... 2525# 92 RU-ZAB Zabaykalsky Krai |
| 2345# | 2526# |
| 2346# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2003-10-18): [This region consists of] 2347# Aginskij Buryatskij avtonomnyj okrug, Amurskaya oblast', 2348# [parts of] Respublika Sakha (Yakutiya), Chitinskaya oblast'. | 2527# Note: Effective 2008-03-01, (75) Chita Oblast and (80) Agin-Buryat 2528# Autonomous Okrug merged to form (92, RU-ZAB) Zabaykalsky Krai. |
| 2349 | 2529 |
| 2350# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2009-11-29): 2351# ...some regions of [Russia] were merged with others since 2005... 2352# Some names were changed, no big deal, except for one instance: a new name. 2353# YAK/YAKST: UTC+9 Zabajkal'skij kraj. | 2530Zone Asia/Chita 7:33:52 - LMT 1919 Dec 15 2531 8:00 - YAKT 1930 Jun 21 # Yakutsk Time 2532 9:00 Russia YAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2533 8:00 Russia YAK%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 2534 9:00 Russia YAK%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 2535 10:00 - YAKT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 2536 8:00 - IRKT |
| 2354 | 2537 |
| 2355# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2009-11-29): 2356# The Sakha districts are: Aldanskij, Amginskij, Anabarskij, 2357# Verkhnevilyujskij, Vilyujskij, Gornyj, 2358# Zhiganskij, Kobyajskij, Lenskij, Megino-Kangalasskij, Mirninskij, 2359# Namskij, Nyurbinskij, Olenyokskij, Olyokminskij, 2360# Suntarskij, Tattinskij, Ust'-Aldanskij, Khangalasskij, 2361# Churapchinskij, Eveno-Bytantajskij Natsional'nij. | |
| 2362 | 2538 |
| 2539# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2009-11-29): 2540# Asia/Yakutsk covers... 2541# 28 RU-AMU Amur Oblast 2542# 2543# ...and parts of (14, RU-SA) Sakha (Yakutia) Republic: 2544# 14-02 **** Aldansky District 2545# 14-04 **** Amginsky District 2546# 14-05 **** Anabarsky District 2547# 14-06 **** Bulunsky District 2548# 14-07 **** Verkhnevilyuysky District 2549# 14-10 **** Vilyuysky District 2550# 14-11 **** Gorny District 2551# 14-12 **** Zhigansky District 2552# 14-13 **** Kobyaysky District 2553# 14-14 **** Lensky District 2554# 14-15 **** Megino-Kangalassky District 2555# 14-16 **** Mirninsky District 2556# 14-18 **** Namsky District 2557# 14-19 **** Neryungrinsky District 2558# 14-21 **** Nyurbinsky District 2559# 14-23 **** Olenyoksky District 2560# 14-24 **** Olyokminsky District 2561# 14-26 **** Suntarsky District 2562# 14-27 **** Tattinsky District 2563# 14-29 **** Ust-Aldansky District 2564# 14-32 **** Khangalassky District 2565# 14-33 **** Churapchinsky District 2566# 14-34 **** Eveno-Bytantaysky National District 2567 2568# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03): 2569# Our commentary seems to have lost mention of (14-19) Neryungrinsky District. 2570# Since the surrounding districts of Sakha are all YAKT, assume this is, too. 2571# Also assume its history has been the same as the rest of Asia/Yakutsk. 2572 |
|
| 2363Zone Asia/Yakutsk 8:38:40 - LMT 1919 Dec 15 2364 8:00 - YAKT 1930 Jun 21 # Yakutsk Time 2365 9:00 Russia YAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2366 8:00 Russia YAK%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 2367 9:00 Russia YAK%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s | 2573Zone Asia/Yakutsk 8:38:40 - LMT 1919 Dec 15 2574 8:00 - YAKT 1930 Jun 21 # Yakutsk Time 2575 9:00 Russia YAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2576 8:00 Russia YAK%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 2577 9:00 Russia YAK%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s |
| 2368 10:00 - YAKT | 2578 10:00 - YAKT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 2579 9:00 - YAKT 2580 2581 2582# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2009-11-29): 2583# Asia/Vladivostok covers... 2584# 25 RU-PRI Primorsky Krai 2585# 27 RU-KHA Khabarovsk Krai 2586# 79 RU-YEV Jewish Autonomous Oblast |
| 2369# | 2587# |
| 2370# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2003-10-18): [This region consists of] 2371# Evrejskaya avtonomnaya oblast', Khabarovskij kraj, Primorskij kraj, 2372# [parts of] Respublika Sakha (Yakutiya). | 2588# ...and parts of (14, RU-SA) Sakha (Yakutia) Republic: 2589# 14-09 **** Verkhoyansky District 2590# 14-31 **** Ust-Yansky District |
| 2373 | 2591 |
| 2374# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2009-11-29): 2375# The Sakha districts are: Bulunskij, Verkhoyanskij, ... Ust'-Yanskij. 2376Zone Asia/Vladivostok 8:47:44 - LMT 1922 Nov 15 | 2592# Milne says Vladivostok time was 8:47:33.5; round to nearest. 2593 2594Zone Asia/Vladivostok 8:47:34 - LMT 1922 Nov 15 |
| 2377 9:00 - VLAT 1930 Jun 21 # Vladivostok Time 2378 10:00 Russia VLA%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2379 9:00 Russia VLA%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 2380 10:00 Russia VLA%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s | 2595 9:00 - VLAT 1930 Jun 21 # Vladivostok Time 2596 10:00 Russia VLA%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2597 9:00 Russia VLA%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 2598 10:00 Russia VLA%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s |
| 2381 11:00 - VLAT | 2599 11:00 - VLAT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 2600 10:00 - VLAT |
| 2382 | 2601 |
| 2602 2603# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03): 2604# Asia/Khandyga covers parts of (14, RU-SA) Sakha (Yakutia) Republic: 2605# 14-28 **** Tomponsky District 2606# 14-30 **** Ust-Maysky District 2607 |
|
| 2383# From Arthur David Olson (2012-05-09): 2384# Tomponskij and Ust'-Majskij switched from Vladivostok time to Yakutsk time 2385# in 2011. | 2608# From Arthur David Olson (2012-05-09): 2609# Tomponskij and Ust'-Majskij switched from Vladivostok time to Yakutsk time 2610# in 2011. |
| 2386# | 2611 |
| 2387# From Paul Eggert (2012-11-25): 2388# Shanks and Pottenger (2003) has Khandyga on Yakutsk time. 2389# Make a wild guess that it switched to Vladivostok time in 2004. 2390# This transition is no doubt wrong, but we have no better info. | 2612# From Paul Eggert (2012-11-25): 2613# Shanks and Pottenger (2003) has Khandyga on Yakutsk time. 2614# Make a wild guess that it switched to Vladivostok time in 2004. 2615# This transition is no doubt wrong, but we have no better info. |
| 2391# | 2616 |
| 2392Zone Asia/Khandyga 9:02:13 - LMT 1919 Dec 15 2393 8:00 - YAKT 1930 Jun 21 # Yakutsk Time 2394 9:00 Russia YAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2395 8:00 Russia YAK%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 2396 9:00 Russia YAK%sT 2004 2397 10:00 Russia VLA%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 2398 11:00 - VLAT 2011 Sep 13 0:00s # Decree 725? | 2617Zone Asia/Khandyga 9:02:13 - LMT 1919 Dec 15 2618 8:00 - YAKT 1930 Jun 21 # Yakutsk Time 2619 9:00 Russia YAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2620 8:00 Russia YAK%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 2621 9:00 Russia YAK%sT 2004 2622 10:00 Russia VLA%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 2623 11:00 - VLAT 2011 Sep 13 0:00s # Decree 725? |
| 2399 10:00 - YAKT | 2624 10:00 - YAKT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 2625 9:00 - YAKT |
| 2400 | 2626 |
| 2401# 2402# Sakhalinskaya oblast'. 2403# The Zone name should be Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, but that's too long. | 2627 2628# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03): 2629# Asia/Sakhalin covers... 2630# 65 RU-SAK Sakhalin Oblast 2631# ...with the exception of: 2632# 65-11 **** Severo-Kurilsky District (North Kuril Islands) 2633 2634# The Zone name should be Asia/Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, but that's too long. |
| 2404Zone Asia/Sakhalin 9:30:48 - LMT 1905 Aug 23 | 2635Zone Asia/Sakhalin 9:30:48 - LMT 1905 Aug 23 |
| 2405 9:00 - CJT 1938 | 2636 9:00 - JCST 1937 Oct 1 |
| 2406 9:00 - JST 1945 Aug 25 2407 11:00 Russia SAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s # Sakhalin T. 2408 10:00 Russia SAK%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 2409 11:00 Russia SAK%sT 1997 Mar lastSun 2:00s 2410 10:00 Russia SAK%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s | 2637 9:00 - JST 1945 Aug 25 2638 11:00 Russia SAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s # Sakhalin T. 2639 10:00 Russia SAK%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 2640 11:00 Russia SAK%sT 1997 Mar lastSun 2:00s 2641 10:00 Russia SAK%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s |
| 2411 11:00 - SAKT 2412# 2413# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2003-10-18): [This region consists of] 2414# Magadanskaya oblast', Respublika Sakha (Yakutiya). 2415# Probably also: Kuril Islands. | 2642 11:00 - SAKT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 2643 10:00 - SAKT |
| 2416 | 2644 |
| 2417# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2009-11-29): 2418# The Sakha districts are: Abyjskij, Allaikhovskij, Verkhhhnekolymskij, Momskij, 2419# Nizhnekolymskij, ... Srednekolymskij. | 2645 2646# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2009-11-29): 2647# Asia/Magadan covers... 2648# 49 RU-MAG Magadan Oblast 2649 2650# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-06), per Alexander Krivenyshev (2014-07-02): 2651# Magadan Oblast is moving from UTC+12 to UTC+10 on 2014-10-26; however, 2652# several districts of Sakha Republic as well as Severo-Kurilsky District of 2653# the Sakhalin Oblast (also known as the North Kuril Islands), represented 2654# until now by Asia/Magadan, will instead move to UTC+11. These regions will 2655# need their own zone. 2656 |
| 2420Zone Asia/Magadan 10:03:12 - LMT 1924 May 2 2421 10:00 - MAGT 1930 Jun 21 # Magadan Time 2422 11:00 Russia MAG%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2423 10:00 Russia MAG%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 2424 11:00 Russia MAG%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s | 2657Zone Asia/Magadan 10:03:12 - LMT 1924 May 2 2658 10:00 - MAGT 1930 Jun 21 # Magadan Time 2659 11:00 Russia MAG%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2660 10:00 Russia MAG%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 2661 11:00 Russia MAG%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s |
| 2425 12:00 - MAGT | 2662 12:00 - MAGT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 2663 10:00 - MAGT |
| 2426 | 2664 |
| 2665 2666# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-06): 2667# Asia/Srednekolymsk covers parts of (14, RU-SA) Sakha (Yakutia) Republic: 2668# 14-01 **** Abyysky District 2669# 14-03 **** Allaikhovsky District 2670# 14-08 **** Verkhnekolymsky District 2671# 14-17 **** Momsky District 2672# 14-20 **** Nizhnekolymsky District 2673# 14-25 **** Srednekolymsky District 2674# 2675# ...and parts of (65, RU-SAK) Sakhalin Oblast: 2676# 65-11 **** Severo-Kurilsky District (North Kuril Islands) 2677 2678# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-02): 2679# Oymyakonsky District of Sakha Republic (represented by Ust-Nera), along with 2680# most of Sakhalin Oblast (represented by Sakhalin) will be moving to UTC+10 on 2681# 2014-10-26 to stay aligned with VLAT/SAKT; however, Severo-Kurilsky District 2682# of the Sakhalin Oblast (also known as the North Kuril Islands, represented by 2683# Severo-Kurilsk) will remain on UTC+11. 2684 2685# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-06): 2686# Assume North Kuril Islands have history like Magadan before 2011-03-27. 2687# There is a decent chance this is wrong, in which case a new zone 2688# Asia/Severo-Kurilsk would become necessary. 2689# 2690# Srednekolymsk and Zyryanka are the most populous places amongst these 2691# districts, but have very similar populations. In fact, Wikipedia currently 2692# lists them both as having 3528 people, exactly 1668 males and 1860 females 2693# each! (Yikes!) 2694# http://en.wikipedia.org/w/?title=Srednekolymsky_District&oldid=603435276 2695# http://en.wikipedia.org/w/?title=Verkhnekolymsky_District&oldid=594378493 2696# Assume this is a mistake, albeit an amusing one. 2697# 2698# Looking at censuses, the populations of the two municipalities seem to have 2699# fluctuated recently. Zyryanka was more populous than Srednekolymsk in the 2700# 1989 and 2002 censuses, but Srednekolymsk was more populous in the most 2701# recent (2010) census, 3525 to 3170. (See pages 195 and 197 of 2702# http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/new_site/perepis2010/croc/Documents/Vol1/pub-01-05.pdf 2703# in Russian.) In addition, Srednekolymsk appears to be a much older 2704# settlement and the population of Zyryanka seems to be declining. 2705# Go with Srednekolymsk. 2706# 2707# Since Magadan Oblast moves to UTC+10 on 2014-10-26, we cannot keep using MAGT 2708# as the abbreviation. Use SRET instead. 2709 2710Zone Asia/Srednekolymsk 10:14:52 - LMT 1924 May 2 2711 10:00 - MAGT 1930 Jun 21 # Magadan Time 2712 11:00 Russia MAG%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2713 10:00 Russia MAG%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 2714 11:00 Russia MAG%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 2715 12:00 - MAGT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 2716 11:00 - SRET # Srednekolymsk Time 2717 2718 2719# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03): 2720# Asia/Ust-Nera covers parts of (14, RU-SA) Sakha (Yakutia) Republic: 2721# 14-22 **** Oymyakonsky District 2722 |
|
| 2427# From Arthur David Olson (2012-05-09): | 2723# From Arthur David Olson (2012-05-09): |
| 2428# Ojmyakonskij and the Kuril Islands switched from | 2724# Ojmyakonskij [and the Kuril Islands] switched from |
| 2429# Magadan time to Vladivostok time in 2011. | 2725# Magadan time to Vladivostok time in 2011. |
| 2726# 2727# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-06), per Alexander Krivenyshev (2014-07-02): 2728# It's unlikely that any of the Kuril Islands were involved in such a switch, 2729# as the South and Middle Kurils have been on UTC+11 (SAKT) with the rest of 2730# Sakhalin Oblast since at least 2011-09, and the North Kurils have been on 2731# UTC+12 since at least then, too. 2732 |
|
| 2430Zone Asia/Ust-Nera 9:32:54 - LMT 1919 Dec 15 2431 8:00 - YAKT 1930 Jun 21 # Yakutsk Time 2432 9:00 Russia YAKT 1981 Apr 1 2433 11:00 Russia MAG%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2434 10:00 Russia MAG%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 2435 11:00 Russia MAG%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 2436 12:00 - MAGT 2011 Sep 13 0:00s # Decree 725? | 2733Zone Asia/Ust-Nera 9:32:54 - LMT 1919 Dec 15 2734 8:00 - YAKT 1930 Jun 21 # Yakutsk Time 2735 9:00 Russia YAKT 1981 Apr 1 2736 11:00 Russia MAG%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2737 10:00 Russia MAG%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 2738 11:00 Russia MAG%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 2739 12:00 - MAGT 2011 Sep 13 0:00s # Decree 725? |
| 2437 11:00 - VLAT | 2740 11:00 - VLAT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 2741 10:00 - VLAT |
| 2438 | 2742 |
| 2439# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): [This region consists of] 2440# Kamchatskaya oblast', Koryakskij avtonomnyj okrug. | 2743 2744# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): 2745# Asia/Kamchatka covers... 2746# 91 RU-KAM Kamchatka Krai |
| 2441# | 2747# |
| 2442# The Zone name should be Asia/Petropavlovsk-Kamchatski, but that's too long. | 2748# Note: Effective 2007-07-01, (41) Kamchatka Oblast and (82) Koryak 2749# Autonomous Okrug merged to form (91, RU-KAM) Kamchatka Krai. 2750 2751# The Zone name should be Asia/Petropavlovsk-Kamchatski or perhaps 2752# Asia/Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, but these are too long. |
| 2443Zone Asia/Kamchatka 10:34:36 - LMT 1922 Nov 10 2444 11:00 - PETT 1930 Jun 21 # P-K Time 2445 12:00 Russia PET%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2446 11:00 Russia PET%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 2447 12:00 Russia PET%sT 2010 Mar 28 2:00s 2448 11:00 Russia PET%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 2449 12:00 - PETT | 2753Zone Asia/Kamchatka 10:34:36 - LMT 1922 Nov 10 2754 11:00 - PETT 1930 Jun 21 # P-K Time 2755 12:00 Russia PET%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2756 11:00 Russia PET%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 2757 12:00 Russia PET%sT 2010 Mar 28 2:00s 2758 11:00 Russia PET%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 2759 12:00 - PETT |
| 2450# 2451# Chukotskij avtonomnyj okrug | 2760 2761 2762# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03): 2763# Asia/Anadyr covers... 2764# 87 RU-CHU Chukotka Autonomous Okrug 2765 |
| 2452Zone Asia/Anadyr 11:49:56 - LMT 1924 May 2 2453 12:00 - ANAT 1930 Jun 21 # Anadyr Time 2454 13:00 Russia ANA%sT 1982 Apr 1 0:00s 2455 12:00 Russia ANA%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2456 11:00 Russia ANA%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 2457 12:00 Russia ANA%sT 2010 Mar 28 2:00s 2458 11:00 Russia ANA%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 2459 12:00 - ANAT 2460 | 2766Zone Asia/Anadyr 11:49:56 - LMT 1924 May 2 2767 12:00 - ANAT 1930 Jun 21 # Anadyr Time 2768 13:00 Russia ANA%sT 1982 Apr 1 0:00s 2769 12:00 Russia ANA%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2770 11:00 Russia ANA%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 2771 12:00 Russia ANA%sT 2010 Mar 28 2:00s 2772 11:00 Russia ANA%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 2773 12:00 - ANAT 2774 |
| 2775 |
|
| 2461# San Marino 2462# See Europe/Rome. 2463 2464# Serbia 2465# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2466Zone Europe/Belgrade 1:22:00 - LMT 1884 2467 1:00 - CET 1941 Apr 18 23:00 2468 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 2469 1:00 - CET 1945 May 8 2:00s 2470 1:00 1:00 CEST 1945 Sep 16 2:00s | 2776# San Marino 2777# See Europe/Rome. 2778 2779# Serbia 2780# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2781Zone Europe/Belgrade 1:22:00 - LMT 1884 2782 1:00 - CET 1941 Apr 18 23:00 2783 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 2784 1:00 - CET 1945 May 8 2:00s 2785 1:00 1:00 CEST 1945 Sep 16 2:00s |
| 2471# Metod Kozelj reports that the legal date of | 2786# Metod Ko��elj reports that the legal date of |
| 2472# transition to EU rules was 1982-11-27, for all of Yugoslavia at the time. | 2787# transition to EU rules was 1982-11-27, for all of Yugoslavia at the time. |
| 2473# Shanks & Pottenger don't give as much detail, so go with Kozelj. | 2788# Shanks & Pottenger don't give as much detail, so go with Ko��elj. |
| 2474 1:00 - CET 1982 Nov 27 2475 1:00 EU CE%sT 2476Link Europe/Belgrade Europe/Ljubljana # Slovenia 2477Link Europe/Belgrade Europe/Podgorica # Montenegro 2478Link Europe/Belgrade Europe/Sarajevo # Bosnia and Herzegovina 2479Link Europe/Belgrade Europe/Skopje # Macedonia 2480Link Europe/Belgrade Europe/Zagreb # Croatia 2481 --- 74 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 2556 0:00 EU WE%sT 2557# IATA SSIM (1996-09) says the Canaries switch at 2:00u, not 1:00u. 2558# Ignore this for now, as the Canaries are part of the EU. 2559 2560# Sweden 2561 2562# From Ivan Nilsson (2001-04-13), superseding Shanks & Pottenger: 2563# | 2789 1:00 - CET 1982 Nov 27 2790 1:00 EU CE%sT 2791Link Europe/Belgrade Europe/Ljubljana # Slovenia 2792Link Europe/Belgrade Europe/Podgorica # Montenegro 2793Link Europe/Belgrade Europe/Sarajevo # Bosnia and Herzegovina 2794Link Europe/Belgrade Europe/Skopje # Macedonia 2795Link Europe/Belgrade Europe/Zagreb # Croatia 2796 --- 74 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 2871 0:00 EU WE%sT 2872# IATA SSIM (1996-09) says the Canaries switch at 2:00u, not 1:00u. 2873# Ignore this for now, as the Canaries are part of the EU. 2874 2875# Sweden 2876 2877# From Ivan Nilsson (2001-04-13), superseding Shanks & Pottenger: 2878# |
| 2564# The law "Svensk forfattningssamling 1878, no 14" about standard time in 1879: | 2879# The law "Svensk f��rfattningssamling 1878, no 14" about standard time in 1879: |
| 2565# From the beginning of 1879 (that is 01-01 00:00) the time for all 2566# places in the country is "the mean solar time for the meridian at 2567# three degrees, or twelve minutes of time, to the west of the 2568# meridian of the Observatory of Stockholm". The law is dated 1878-05-31. 2569# 2570# The observatory at that time had the meridian 18 degrees 03' 30" 2571# eastern longitude = 01:12:14 in time. Less 12 minutes gives the 2572# national standard time as 01:00:14 ahead of GMT.... 2573# 2574# About the beginning of CET in Sweden. The lawtext ("Svensk | 2880# From the beginning of 1879 (that is 01-01 00:00) the time for all 2881# places in the country is "the mean solar time for the meridian at 2882# three degrees, or twelve minutes of time, to the west of the 2883# meridian of the Observatory of Stockholm". The law is dated 1878-05-31. 2884# 2885# The observatory at that time had the meridian 18 degrees 03' 30" 2886# eastern longitude = 01:12:14 in time. Less 12 minutes gives the 2887# national standard time as 01:00:14 ahead of GMT.... 2888# 2889# About the beginning of CET in Sweden. The lawtext ("Svensk |
| 2575# forfattningssamling 1899, no 44") states, that "from the beginning | 2890# f��rfattningssamling 1899, no 44") states, that "from the beginning |
| 2576# of 1900... ... the same as the mean solar time for the meridian at 2577# the distance of one hour of time from the meridian of the English 2578# observatory at Greenwich, or at 12 minutes 14 seconds to the west 2579# from the meridian of the Observatory of Stockholm". The law is dated 2580# 1899-06-16. In short: At 1900-01-01 00:00:00 the new standard time 2581# in Sweden is 01:00:00 ahead of GMT. 2582# | 2891# of 1900... ... the same as the mean solar time for the meridian at 2892# the distance of one hour of time from the meridian of the English 2893# observatory at Greenwich, or at 12 minutes 14 seconds to the west 2894# from the meridian of the Observatory of Stockholm". The law is dated 2895# 1899-06-16. In short: At 1900-01-01 00:00:00 the new standard time 2896# in Sweden is 01:00:00 ahead of GMT. 2897# |
| 2583# 1916: The lawtext ("Svensk forfattningssamling 1916, no 124") states | 2898# 1916: The lawtext ("Svensk f��rfattningssamling 1916, no 124") states |
| 2584# that "1916-05-15 is considered to begin one hour earlier". It is 2585# pretty obvious that at 05-14 23:00 the clocks are set to 05-15 00:00.... 2586# Further the law says, that "1916-09-30 is considered to end one hour later". 2587# 2588# The laws regulating [DST] are available on the site of the Swedish 2589# Parliament beginning with 1985 - the laws regulating 1980/1984 are 2590# not available on the site (to my knowledge they are only available 2591# in Swedish): <http://www.riksdagen.se/english/work/sfst.asp> (type 2592# "sommartid" without the quotes in the field "Fritext" and then click | 2899# that "1916-05-15 is considered to begin one hour earlier". It is 2900# pretty obvious that at 05-14 23:00 the clocks are set to 05-15 00:00.... 2901# Further the law says, that "1916-09-30 is considered to end one hour later". 2902# 2903# The laws regulating [DST] are available on the site of the Swedish 2904# Parliament beginning with 1985 - the laws regulating 1980/1984 are 2905# not available on the site (to my knowledge they are only available 2906# in Swedish): <http://www.riksdagen.se/english/work/sfst.asp> (type 2907# "sommartid" without the quotes in the field "Fritext" and then click |
| 2593# the Sok-button). | 2908# the S��k-button). |
| 2594# 2595# (2001-05-13): 2596# 2597# I have now found a newspaper stating that at 1916-10-01 01:00 2598# summertime the church-clocks etc were set back one hour to show 2599# 1916-10-01 00:00 standard time. The article also reports that some 2600# people thought the switch to standard time would take place already 2601# at 1916-10-01 00:00 summer time, but they had to wait for another --- 8 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 2610 1:00 1:00 CEST 1916 Oct 1 01:00 2611 1:00 - CET 1980 2612 1:00 EU CE%sT 2613 2614# Switzerland 2615# From Howse: 2616# By the end of the 18th century clocks and watches became commonplace 2617# and their performance improved enormously. Communities began to keep | 2909# 2910# (2001-05-13): 2911# 2912# I have now found a newspaper stating that at 1916-10-01 01:00 2913# summertime the church-clocks etc were set back one hour to show 2914# 1916-10-01 00:00 standard time. The article also reports that some 2915# people thought the switch to standard time would take place already 2916# at 1916-10-01 00:00 summer time, but they had to wait for another --- 8 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 2925 1:00 1:00 CEST 1916 Oct 1 01:00 2926 1:00 - CET 1980 2927 1:00 EU CE%sT 2928 2929# Switzerland 2930# From Howse: 2931# By the end of the 18th century clocks and watches became commonplace 2932# and their performance improved enormously. Communities began to keep |
| 2618# mean time in preference to apparent time -- Geneva from 1780 .... | 2933# mean time in preference to apparent time - Geneva from 1780 .... |
| 2619# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 2620# From Whitman (who writes "Midnight?"): 2621# Rule Swiss 1940 only - Nov 2 0:00 1:00 S 2622# Rule Swiss 1940 only - Dec 31 0:00 0 - 2623# From Shanks & Pottenger: 2624# Rule Swiss 1941 1942 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S 2625# Rule Swiss 1941 1942 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 - 2626 2627# From Alois Treindl (2008-12-17): 2628# I have researched the DST usage in Switzerland during the 1940ies. 2629# 2630# As I wrote in an earlier message, I suspected the current tzdata values 2631# to be wrong. This is now verified. 2632# 2633# I have found copies of the original ruling by the Swiss Federal | 2934# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 2935# From Whitman (who writes "Midnight?"): 2936# Rule Swiss 1940 only - Nov 2 0:00 1:00 S 2937# Rule Swiss 1940 only - Dec 31 0:00 0 - 2938# From Shanks & Pottenger: 2939# Rule Swiss 1941 1942 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S 2940# Rule Swiss 1941 1942 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 - 2941 2942# From Alois Treindl (2008-12-17): 2943# I have researched the DST usage in Switzerland during the 1940ies. 2944# 2945# As I wrote in an earlier message, I suspected the current tzdata values 2946# to be wrong. This is now verified. 2947# 2948# I have found copies of the original ruling by the Swiss Federal |
| 2634# government, in 'Eidgen[o]ssische Gesetzessammlung 1941 and 1942' (Swiss | 2949# government, in 'Eidgen��ssische Gesetzessammlung 1941 and 1942' (Swiss |
| 2635# federal law collection)... 2636# 2637# DST began on Monday 5 May 1941, 1:00 am by shifting the clocks to 2:00 am 2638# DST ended on Monday 6 Oct 1941, 2:00 am by shifting the clocks to 1:00 am. 2639# 2640# DST began on Monday, 4 May 1942 at 01:00 am 2641# DST ended on Monday, 5 Oct 1942 at 02:00 am 2642# 2643# There was no DST in 1940, I have checked the law collection carefully. 2644# It is also indicated by the fact that the 1942 entry in the law 2645# collection points back to 1941 as a reference, but no reference to any 2646# other years are made. 2647# 2648# Newspaper articles I have read in the archives on 6 May 1941 reported 2649# about the introduction of DST (Sommerzeit in German) during the previous 2650# night as an absolute novelty, because this was the first time that such 2651# a thing had happened in Switzerland. 2652# | 2950# federal law collection)... 2951# 2952# DST began on Monday 5 May 1941, 1:00 am by shifting the clocks to 2:00 am 2953# DST ended on Monday 6 Oct 1941, 2:00 am by shifting the clocks to 1:00 am. 2954# 2955# DST began on Monday, 4 May 1942 at 01:00 am 2956# DST ended on Monday, 5 Oct 1942 at 02:00 am 2957# 2958# There was no DST in 1940, I have checked the law collection carefully. 2959# It is also indicated by the fact that the 1942 entry in the law 2960# collection points back to 1941 as a reference, but no reference to any 2961# other years are made. 2962# 2963# Newspaper articles I have read in the archives on 6 May 1941 reported 2964# about the introduction of DST (Sommerzeit in German) during the previous 2965# night as an absolute novelty, because this was the first time that such 2966# a thing had happened in Switzerland. 2967# |
| 2653# I have also checked 1916, because one book source (Gabriel, Traite de | 2968# I have also checked 1916, because one book source (Gabriel, Trait�� de |
| 2654# l'heure dans le monde) claims that Switzerland had DST in 1916. This is 2655# false, no official document could be found. Probably Gabriel got misled 2656# by references to Germany, which introduced DST in 1916 for the first time. 2657# 2658# The tzdata rules for Switzerland must be changed to: 2659# Rule Swiss 1941 1942 - May Mon>=1 1:00 1:00 S 2660# Rule Swiss 1941 1942 - Oct Mon>=1 2:00 0 - 2661# 2662# The 1940 rules must be deleted. 2663# 2664# One further detail for Switzerland, which is probably out of scope for 2665# most users of tzdata: The [Europe/Zurich zone] ... 2666# describes all of Switzerland correctly, with the exception of | 2969# l'heure dans le monde) claims that Switzerland had DST in 1916. This is 2970# false, no official document could be found. Probably Gabriel got misled 2971# by references to Germany, which introduced DST in 1916 for the first time. 2972# 2973# The tzdata rules for Switzerland must be changed to: 2974# Rule Swiss 1941 1942 - May Mon>=1 1:00 1:00 S 2975# Rule Swiss 1941 1942 - Oct Mon>=1 2:00 0 - 2976# 2977# The 1940 rules must be deleted. 2978# 2979# One further detail for Switzerland, which is probably out of scope for 2980# most users of tzdata: The [Europe/Zurich zone] ... 2981# describes all of Switzerland correctly, with the exception of |
| 2667# the Cantone Geneve (Geneva, Genf). Between 1848 and 1894 Geneve did not | 2982# the Canton de Gen��ve (Geneva, Genf). Between 1848 and 1894 Geneva did not |
| 2668# follow Bern Mean Time but kept its own local mean time. 2669# To represent this, an extra zone would be needed. 2670# 2671# From Alois Treindl (2013-09-11): 2672# The Federal regulations say 2673# http://www.admin.ch/opc/de/classified-compilation/20071096/index.html | 2983# follow Bern Mean Time but kept its own local mean time. 2984# To represent this, an extra zone would be needed. 2985# 2986# From Alois Treindl (2013-09-11): 2987# The Federal regulations say 2988# http://www.admin.ch/opc/de/classified-compilation/20071096/index.html |
| 2674# ... the meridian for Bern mean time ... is 7 degrees 26'22.50". | 2989# ... the meridian for Bern mean time ... is 7 degrees 26' 22.50". |
| 2675# Expressed in time, it is 0h29m45.5s. 2676 2677# From Pierre-Yves Berger (2013-09-11): | 2990# Expressed in time, it is 0h29m45.5s. 2991 2992# From Pierre-Yves Berger (2013-09-11): |
| 2678# the "Circulaire du conseil federal" (December 11 1893) | 2993# the "Circulaire du conseil f��d��ral" (December 11 1893) |
| 2679# <http://www.amtsdruckschriften.bar.admin.ch/viewOrigDoc.do?id=10071353> ... 2680# clearly states that the [1894-06-01] change should be done at midnight 2681# but if no one is present after 11 at night, could be postponed until one 2682# hour before the beginning of service. 2683 2684# From Paul Eggert (2013-09-11): 2685# Round BMT to the nearest even second, 0:29:46. 2686# 2687# We can find no reliable source for Shanks's assertion that all of Switzerland 2688# except Geneva switched to Bern Mean Time at 00:00 on 1848-09-12. This book: 2689# | 2994# <http://www.amtsdruckschriften.bar.admin.ch/viewOrigDoc.do?id=10071353> ... 2995# clearly states that the [1894-06-01] change should be done at midnight 2996# but if no one is present after 11 at night, could be postponed until one 2997# hour before the beginning of service. 2998 2999# From Paul Eggert (2013-09-11): 3000# Round BMT to the nearest even second, 0:29:46. 3001# 3002# We can find no reliable source for Shanks's assertion that all of Switzerland 3003# except Geneva switched to Bern Mean Time at 00:00 on 1848-09-12. This book: 3004# |
| 2690# Jakob Messerli. Gleichmassig, punktlich, schnell: Zeiteinteilung und | 3005# Jakob Messerli. Gleichm��ssig, p��nktlich, schnell. Zeiteinteilung und |
| 2691# Zeitgebrauch in der Schweiz im 19. Jahrhundert. Chronos, Zurich 1995, 2692# ISBN 3-905311-68-2, OCLC 717570797. 2693# 2694# suggests that the transition was more gradual, and that the Swiss did not 2695# agree about civil time during the transition. The timekeeping it gives the 2696# most detail for is postal and telegraph time: here, federal legislation (the | 3006# Zeitgebrauch in der Schweiz im 19. Jahrhundert. Chronos, Zurich 1995, 3007# ISBN 3-905311-68-2, OCLC 717570797. 3008# 3009# suggests that the transition was more gradual, and that the Swiss did not 3010# agree about civil time during the transition. The timekeeping it gives the 3011# most detail for is postal and telegraph time: here, federal legislation (the |
| 2697# "Bundesgesetz uber die Erstellung von elektrischen Telegraphen") passed on | 3012# "Bundesgesetz ��ber die Erstellung von elektrischen Telegraphen") passed on |
| 2698# 1851-11-23, and an official implementation notice was published 1853-07-16 2699# (Bundesblatt 1853, Bd. II, S. 859). On p 72 Messerli writes that in 2700# practice since July 1853 Bernese time was used in "all postal and telegraph 2701# offices in Switzerland from Geneva to St. Gallen and Basel to Chiasso" 2702# (Google translation). For now, model this transition as occurring on 2703# 1853-07-16, though it probably occurred at some other date in Zurich, and 2704# legal civil time probably changed at still some other transition date. 2705 --- 5 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 2711 0:29:46 - BMT 1894 Jun # Bern Mean Time 2712 1:00 Swiss CE%sT 1981 2713 1:00 EU CE%sT 2714 2715# Turkey 2716 2717# From Amar Devegowda (2007-01-03): 2718# The time zone rules for Istanbul, Turkey have not been changed for years now. | 3013# 1851-11-23, and an official implementation notice was published 1853-07-16 3014# (Bundesblatt 1853, Bd. II, S. 859). On p 72 Messerli writes that in 3015# practice since July 1853 Bernese time was used in "all postal and telegraph 3016# offices in Switzerland from Geneva to St. Gallen and Basel to Chiasso" 3017# (Google translation). For now, model this transition as occurring on 3018# 1853-07-16, though it probably occurred at some other date in Zurich, and 3019# legal civil time probably changed at still some other transition date. 3020 --- 5 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 3026 0:29:46 - BMT 1894 Jun # Bern Mean Time 3027 1:00 Swiss CE%sT 1981 3028 1:00 EU CE%sT 3029 3030# Turkey 3031 3032# From Amar Devegowda (2007-01-03): 3033# The time zone rules for Istanbul, Turkey have not been changed for years now. |
| 2719# ... The latest rules are available at - | 3034# ... The latest rules are available at: |
| 2720# http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/timezone.html?n=107 2721# From Steffen Thorsen (2007-01-03): 2722# I have been able to find press records back to 1996 which all say that 2723# DST started 01:00 local time and end at 02:00 local time. I am not sure 2724# what happened before that. One example for each year from 1996 to 2001: 2725# http://newspot.byegm.gov.tr/arsiv/1996/21/N4.htm 2726# http://www.byegm.gov.tr/YAYINLARIMIZ/CHR/ING97/03/97X03X25.TXT 2727# http://www.byegm.gov.tr/YAYINLARIMIZ/CHR/ING98/03/98X03X02.HTM --- 8 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 2736# start/end time, according to the following page (2007-03-07): 2737# http://www.ntvmsnbc.com/news/402029.asp 2738# The official document is located here - it is in Turkish...: 2739# http://rega.basbakanlik.gov.tr/eskiler/2007/03/20070307-7.htm 2740# I was able to locate the following seemingly official document 2741# (on a non-government server though) describing dates between 2002 and 2006: 2742# http://www.alomaliye.com/bkk_2002_3769.htm 2743 | 3035# http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/timezone.html?n=107 3036# From Steffen Thorsen (2007-01-03): 3037# I have been able to find press records back to 1996 which all say that 3038# DST started 01:00 local time and end at 02:00 local time. I am not sure 3039# what happened before that. One example for each year from 1996 to 2001: 3040# http://newspot.byegm.gov.tr/arsiv/1996/21/N4.htm 3041# http://www.byegm.gov.tr/YAYINLARIMIZ/CHR/ING97/03/97X03X25.TXT 3042# http://www.byegm.gov.tr/YAYINLARIMIZ/CHR/ING98/03/98X03X02.HTM --- 8 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 3051# start/end time, according to the following page (2007-03-07): 3052# http://www.ntvmsnbc.com/news/402029.asp 3053# The official document is located here - it is in Turkish...: 3054# http://rega.basbakanlik.gov.tr/eskiler/2007/03/20070307-7.htm 3055# I was able to locate the following seemingly official document 3056# (on a non-government server though) describing dates between 2002 and 2006: 3057# http://www.alomaliye.com/bkk_2002_3769.htm 3058 |
| 2744# From Gökdeniz Karadağ (2011-03-10): 2745# | 3059# From G��kdeniz Karada�� (2011-03-10): |
| 2746# According to the articles linked below, Turkey will change into summer 2747# time zone (GMT+3) on March 28, 2011 at 3:00 a.m. instead of March 27. 2748# This change is due to a nationwide exam on 27th. 2749# http://www.worldbulletin.net/?aType=haber&ArticleID=70872 2750# Turkish: 2751# http://www.hurriyet.com.tr/ekonomi/17230464.asp?gid=373 2752 2753# From Faruk Pasin (2014-02-14): 2754# The DST for Turkey has been changed for this year because of the 2755# Turkish Local election.... 2756# http://www.sabah.com.tr/Ekonomi/2014/02/12/yaz-saatinde-onemli-degisiklik 2757# ... so Turkey will move clocks forward one hour on March 31 at 3:00 a.m. | 3060# According to the articles linked below, Turkey will change into summer 3061# time zone (GMT+3) on March 28, 2011 at 3:00 a.m. instead of March 27. 3062# This change is due to a nationwide exam on 27th. 3063# http://www.worldbulletin.net/?aType=haber&ArticleID=70872 3064# Turkish: 3065# http://www.hurriyet.com.tr/ekonomi/17230464.asp?gid=373 3066 3067# From Faruk Pasin (2014-02-14): 3068# The DST for Turkey has been changed for this year because of the 3069# Turkish Local election.... 3070# http://www.sabah.com.tr/Ekonomi/2014/02/12/yaz-saatinde-onemli-degisiklik 3071# ... so Turkey will move clocks forward one hour on March 31 at 3:00 a.m. |
| 2758# From Paul Eggert (2014-02-17): 2759# Here is an English-language source: 2760# http://www.worldbulletin.net/turkey/129016/turkey-switches-to-daylight-saving-time-march-31 | 3072# From Randal L. Schwartz (2014-04-15): 3073# Having landed on a flight from the states to Istanbul (via AMS) on March 31, 3074# I can tell you that NOBODY (even the airlines) respected this timezone DST 3075# change delay. Maybe the word just didn't get out in time. 3076# From Paul Eggert (2014-06-15): 3077# The press reported massive confusion, as election officials obeyed the rule 3078# change but cell phones (and airline baggage systems) did not. See: 3079# Kostidis M. Eventful elections in Turkey. Balkan News Agency 3080# http://www.balkaneu.com/eventful-elections-turkey/ 2014-03-30. 3081# I guess the best we can do is document the official time. |
| 2761 2762# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 2763Rule Turkey 1916 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 2764Rule Turkey 1916 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 2765Rule Turkey 1920 only - Mar 28 0:00 1:00 S 2766Rule Turkey 1920 only - Oct 25 0:00 0 - 2767Rule Turkey 1921 only - Apr 3 0:00 1:00 S 2768Rule Turkey 1921 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 - --- 74 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 2843 2844# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2011-09-20): 2845# On September 20, 2011 the deputies of the Verkhovna Rada agreed to 2846# abolish the transfer clock to winter time. 2847# 2848# Bill number 8330 of MP from the Party of Regions Oleg Nadoshi got 2849# approval from 266 deputies. 2850# | 3082 3083# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 3084Rule Turkey 1916 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 3085Rule Turkey 1916 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 3086Rule Turkey 1920 only - Mar 28 0:00 1:00 S 3087Rule Turkey 1920 only - Oct 25 0:00 0 - 3088Rule Turkey 1921 only - Apr 3 0:00 1:00 S 3089Rule Turkey 1921 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 - --- 74 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 3164 3165# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2011-09-20): 3166# On September 20, 2011 the deputies of the Verkhovna Rada agreed to 3167# abolish the transfer clock to winter time. 3168# 3169# Bill number 8330 of MP from the Party of Regions Oleg Nadoshi got 3170# approval from 266 deputies. 3171# |
| 2851# Ukraine abolishes transter back to the winter time (in Russian) | 3172# Ukraine abolishes transfer back to the winter time (in Russian) |
| 2852# http://news.mail.ru/politics/6861560/ 2853# 2854# The Ukrainians will no longer change the clock (in Russian) 2855# http://www.segodnya.ua/news/14290482.html 2856# 2857# Deputies cancelled the winter time (in Russian) 2858# http://www.pravda.com.ua/rus/news/2011/09/20/6600616/ 2859# --- 49 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 2909 2:00 - EET 1930 Jun 21 2910 3:00 - MSK 1941 Sep 20 2911 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1943 Nov 6 2912 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1990 Jul 1 2:00 2913 2:00 1:00 EEST 1991 Sep 29 3:00 2914 2:00 E-Eur EE%sT 1995 2915 2:00 EU EE%sT 2916# Ruthenia used CET 1990/1991. | 3173# http://news.mail.ru/politics/6861560/ 3174# 3175# The Ukrainians will no longer change the clock (in Russian) 3176# http://www.segodnya.ua/news/14290482.html 3177# 3178# Deputies cancelled the winter time (in Russian) 3179# http://www.pravda.com.ua/rus/news/2011/09/20/6600616/ 3180# --- 49 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 3230 2:00 - EET 1930 Jun 21 3231 3:00 - MSK 1941 Sep 20 3232 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1943 Nov 6 3233 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1990 Jul 1 2:00 3234 2:00 1:00 EEST 1991 Sep 29 3:00 3235 2:00 E-Eur EE%sT 1995 3236 2:00 EU EE%sT 3237# Ruthenia used CET 1990/1991. |
| 2917# "Uzhhorod" is the transliteration of the Ukrainian name, but | 3238# "Uzhhorod" is the transliteration of the Rusyn/Ukrainian pronunciation, but |
| 2918# "Uzhgorod" is more common in English. 2919Zone Europe/Uzhgorod 1:29:12 - LMT 1890 Oct 2920 1:00 - CET 1940 2921 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Oct 2922 1:00 1:00 CEST 1944 Oct 26 2923 1:00 - CET 1945 Jun 29 2924 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1990 2925 3:00 - MSK 1990 Jul 1 2:00 --- 9 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 2935Zone Europe/Zaporozhye 2:20:40 - LMT 1880 2936 2:20 - CUT 1924 May 2 # Central Ukraine T 2937 2:00 - EET 1930 Jun 21 2938 3:00 - MSK 1941 Aug 25 2939 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1943 Oct 25 2940 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1991 Mar 31 2:00 2941 2:00 E-Eur EE%sT 1995 2942 2:00 EU EE%sT | 3239# "Uzhgorod" is more common in English. 3240Zone Europe/Uzhgorod 1:29:12 - LMT 1890 Oct 3241 1:00 - CET 1940 3242 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Oct 3243 1:00 1:00 CEST 1944 Oct 26 3244 1:00 - CET 1945 Jun 29 3245 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1990 3246 3:00 - MSK 1990 Jul 1 2:00 --- 9 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 3256Zone Europe/Zaporozhye 2:20:40 - LMT 1880 3257 2:20 - CUT 1924 May 2 # Central Ukraine T 3258 2:00 - EET 1930 Jun 21 3259 3:00 - MSK 1941 Aug 25 3260 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1943 Oct 25 3261 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1991 Mar 31 2:00 3262 2:00 E-Eur EE%sT 1995 3263 2:00 EU EE%sT |
| 2943# Central Crimea used Moscow time 1994/1997. 2944Zone Europe/Simferopol 2:16:24 - LMT 1880 2945 2:16 - SMT 1924 May 2 # Simferopol Mean T 2946 2:00 - EET 1930 Jun 21 2947 3:00 - MSK 1941 Nov 2948 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Apr 13 2949 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1990 2950 3:00 - MSK 1990 Jul 1 2:00 2951 2:00 - EET 1992 2952# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 2953# The _Economist_ (1994-05-28, p 45) reports that central Crimea switched 2954# from Kiev to Moscow time sometime after the January 1994 elections. 2955# Shanks (1999) says "date of change uncertain", but implies that it happened 2956# sometime between the 1994 DST switches. Shanks & Pottenger simply say 2957# 1994-09-25 03:00, but that can't be right. For now, guess it 2958# changed in May. 2959 2:00 E-Eur EE%sT 1994 May 2960# From IATA SSIM (1994/1997), which also says that Kerch is still like Kiev. 2961 3:00 E-Eur MSK/MSD 1996 Mar 31 3:00s 2962 3:00 1:00 MSD 1996 Oct 27 3:00s 2963# IATA SSIM (1997-09) says Crimea switched to EET/EEST. 2964# Assume it happened in March by not changing the clocks. 2965 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1997 2966 3:00 - MSK 1997 Mar lastSun 1:00u 2967# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2014-03-17): 2968# time change at 2:00 (2am) on March 30, 2014 2969# http://vz.ru/news/2014/3/17/677464.html 2970# From Paul Eggert (2014-03-30): 2971# Simferopol and Sevastopol reportedly changed their central town clocks 2972# late the previous day, but this appears to have been ceremonial 2973# and the discrepancies are small enough to not worry about. 2974 2:00 EU EE%sT 2014 Mar 30 2:00 2975 4:00 - MSK | |
| 2976 2977# Vatican City 2978# See Europe/Rome. 2979 2980############################################################################### 2981 2982# One source shows that Bulgaria, Cyprus, Finland, and Greece observe DST from 2983# the last Sunday in March to the last Sunday in September in 1986. --- 15 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 2999# most European coun[tr]ies started DST. Before that year, only 3000# a few countries (UK, France, Italy) had DST, each according 3001# to own national rules. In 1981, however, DST started on 3002# 'Apr firstSun', and not on 'Mar lastSun' as in the following 3003# years... 3004# But also since 1981 there are some more national exceptions 3005# than listed in 'europe': Switzerland, for example, joined DST 3006# one year later, Denmark ended DST on 'Oct 1' instead of 'Sep | 3264 3265# Vatican City 3266# See Europe/Rome. 3267 3268############################################################################### 3269 3270# One source shows that Bulgaria, Cyprus, Finland, and Greece observe DST from 3271# the last Sunday in March to the last Sunday in September in 1986. --- 15 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 3287# most European coun[tr]ies started DST. Before that year, only 3288# a few countries (UK, France, Italy) had DST, each according 3289# to own national rules. In 1981, however, DST started on 3290# 'Apr firstSun', and not on 'Mar lastSun' as in the following 3291# years... 3292# But also since 1981 there are some more national exceptions 3293# than listed in 'europe': Switzerland, for example, joined DST 3294# one year later, Denmark ended DST on 'Oct 1' instead of 'Sep |
| 3007# lastSun' in 1981---I don't know how they handle now. | 3295# lastSun' in 1981 - I don't know how they handle now. |
| 3008# 3009# Finally, DST ist always from 'Apr 1' to 'Oct 1' in the 3010# Soviet Union (as far as I know). 3011# 3012# Tom Hofmann, Scientific Computer Center, CIBA-GEIGY AG, 3013# 4002 Basle, Switzerland 3014# ... 3015 --- 37 unchanged lines hidden --- | 3296# 3297# Finally, DST ist always from 'Apr 1' to 'Oct 1' in the 3298# Soviet Union (as far as I know). 3299# 3300# Tom Hofmann, Scientific Computer Center, CIBA-GEIGY AG, 3301# 4002 Basle, Switzerland 3302# ... 3303 --- 37 unchanged lines hidden --- |