3# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of 4# 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson. 5 6# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better, 7# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to 8# tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future). 9 10# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 11# 12# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is 13# Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition), 14# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003). 15# 16# Gwillim Law writes that a good source 17# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport 18# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM), 19# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries 20# of the IATA's data after 1990. 21# 22# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks & Pottenger is the source for 23# entries through 1990, and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards. 24# 25# Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences, 26# Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which 27# I found in the UCLA library. 28# 29# A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is 30# Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997). 31# 32# I invented the abbreviations marked `*' in the following table; 33# the rest are from earlier versions of this file, or from other sources. 34# Corrections are welcome! 35# std dst 36# LMT Local Mean Time 37# 2:00 EET EEST Eastern European Time 38# 2:00 IST IDT Israel 39# 3:00 AST ADT Arabia* 40# 3:30 IRST IRDT Iran 41# 4:00 GST Gulf* 42# 5:30 IST India 43# 7:00 ICT Indochina* 44# 7:00 WIT west Indonesia 45# 8:00 CIT central Indonesia 46# 8:00 CST China 47# 9:00 CJT Central Japanese Time (1896/1937)* 48# 9:00 EIT east Indonesia 49# 9:00 JST JDT Japan 50# 9:00 KST KDT Korea 51# 9:30 CST (Australian) Central Standard Time 52# 53# See the `europe' file for Russia and Turkey in Asia. 54 55# From Guy Harris: 56# Incorporates data for Singapore from Robert Elz' asia 1.1, as well as 57# additional information from Tom Yap, Sun Microsystems Intercontinental 58# Technical Support (including a page from the Official Airline Guide - 59# Worldwide Edition). The names for time zones are guesses. 60 61############################################################################### 62 63# These rules are stolen from the `europe' file. 64# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 65Rule EUAsia 1981 max - Mar lastSun 1:00u 1:00 S 66Rule EUAsia 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 1:00u 0 - 67Rule EUAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u 0 - 68Rule E-EurAsia 1981 max - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 69Rule E-EurAsia 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 70Rule E-EurAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 - 71Rule RussiaAsia 1981 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 72Rule RussiaAsia 1981 1983 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 73Rule RussiaAsia 1984 1991 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - 74Rule RussiaAsia 1985 1991 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S 75Rule RussiaAsia 1992 only - Mar lastSat 23:00 1:00 S 76Rule RussiaAsia 1992 only - Sep lastSat 23:00 0 - 77Rule RussiaAsia 1993 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S 78Rule RussiaAsia 1993 1995 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - 79Rule RussiaAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 - 80 81# Afghanistan 82# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 83Zone Asia/Kabul 4:36:48 - LMT 1890 84 4:00 - AFT 1945 85 4:30 - AFT 86 87# Armenia 88# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 89# Shanks & Pottenger have Yerevan switching to 3:00 (with Russian DST) 90# in spring 1991, then to 4:00 with no DST in fall 1995, then 91# readopting Russian DST in 1997. Go with Shanks & Pottenger, even 92# when they disagree with others. Edgar Der-Danieliantz 93# reported (1996-05-04) that Yerevan probably wouldn't use DST 94# in 1996, though it did use DST in 1995. IATA SSIM (1991/1998) reports that 95# Armenia switched from 3:00 to 4:00 in 1998 and observed DST after 1991, 96# but started switching at 3:00s in 1998. 97# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 98Zone Asia/Yerevan 2:58:00 - LMT 1924 May 2 99 3:00 - YERT 1957 Mar # Yerevan Time 100 4:00 RussiaAsia YER%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 101 3:00 1:00 YERST 1991 Sep 23 # independence 102 3:00 RussiaAsia AM%sT 1995 Sep 24 2:00s 103 4:00 - AMT 1997 104 4:00 RussiaAsia AM%sT 105 106# Azerbaijan 107# From Rustam Aliyev of the Azerbaijan Internet Forum (2005-10-23): 108# According to the resolution of Cabinet of Ministers, 1997 109# Resolution available at: http://aif.az/docs/daylight_res.pdf 110# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 111Rule Azer 1997 max - Mar lastSun 4:00 1:00 S 112Rule Azer 1997 max - Oct lastSun 5:00 0 - 113# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 114Zone Asia/Baku 3:19:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 115 3:00 - BAKT 1957 Mar # Baku Time 116 4:00 RussiaAsia BAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 117 3:00 1:00 BAKST 1991 Aug 30 # independence 118 3:00 RussiaAsia AZ%sT 1992 Sep lastSat 23:00 119 4:00 - AZT 1996 # Azerbaijan time 120 4:00 EUAsia AZ%sT 1997 121 4:00 Azer AZ%sT 122 123# Bahrain 124# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 125Zone Asia/Bahrain 3:22:20 - LMT 1920 # Al Manamah 126 4:00 - GST 1972 Jun 127 3:00 - AST 128 129# Bangladesh 130# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-05-13): 131# According to newspaper Asian Tribune (May 6, 2009) Bangladesh may introduce 132# Daylight Saving Time from June 16 to Sept 30 133# 134# Bangladesh to introduce daylight saving time likely from June 16 135# <a href="http://www.asiantribune.com/?q=node/17288"> 136# http://www.asiantribune.com/?q=node/17288 137# </a> 138# or 139# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh02.html"> 140# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh02.html 141# </a> 142# 143# "... Bangladesh government has decided to switch daylight saving time from 144# June 145# 16 till September 30 in a bid to ensure maximum use of daylight to cope with 146# crippling power crisis. " 147# 148# The switch will remain in effect from June 16 to Sept 30 (2009) but if 149# implemented the next year, it will come in force from April 1, 2010 150 151# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-06-02): 152# They have finally decided now, but changed the start date to midnight between 153# the 19th and 20th, and they have not set the end date yet. 154# 155# Some sources: 156# <a href="http://in.reuters.com/article/southAsiaNews/idINIndia-40017620090601"> 157# http://in.reuters.com/article/southAsiaNews/idINIndia-40017620090601 158# </a> 159# <a href="http://bdnews24.com/details.php?id=85889&cid=2"> 160# http://bdnews24.com/details.php?id=85889&cid=2 161# </a> 162# 163# Our wrap-up: 164# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/bangladesh-daylight-saving-2009.html"> 165# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/bangladesh-daylight-saving-2009.html 166# </a> 167 168# From A. N. M. Kamrus Saadat (2009-06-15): 169# Finally we've got the official mail regarding DST start time where DST start 170# time is mentioned as Jun 19 2009, 23:00 from BTRC (Bangladesh 171# Telecommunication Regulatory Commission). 172# 173# No DST end date has been announced yet. 174 175# From Arthur David Olson (2009-07-11): 176# Arbitrarily end DST at the end of 2009 so that a POSIX-sytle time zone string 177# can appear in the Dhaka binary file and for the benefit of old glibc 178# reimplementations of the time zone software that mishandle permanent DST. 179# A change will be required once the end date is known. 180 181# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 182Zone Asia/Dhaka 6:01:40 - LMT 1890 183 5:53:20 - HMT 1941 Oct # Howrah Mean Time? 184 6:30 - BURT 1942 May 15 # Burma Time 185 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep 186 6:30 - BURT 1951 Sep 30 187 6:00 - DACT 1971 Mar 26 # Dacca Time 188 6:00 - BDT 2009 Jun 19 23:00 # Bangladesh Time 189 6:00 1:00 BDST 2010 190 6:00 - BDT 191 192# Bhutan 193# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 194Zone Asia/Thimphu 5:58:36 - LMT 1947 Aug 15 # or Thimbu 195 5:30 - IST 1987 Oct 196 6:00 - BTT # Bhutan Time 197 198# British Indian Ocean Territory 199# Whitman and the 1995 CIA time zone map say 5:00, but the 200# 1997 and later maps say 6:00. Assume the switch occurred in 1996. 201# We have no information as to when standard time was introduced; 202# assume it occurred in 1907, the same year as Mauritius (which 203# then contained the Chagos Archipelago). 204# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 205Zone Indian/Chagos 4:49:40 - LMT 1907 206 5:00 - IOT 1996 # BIOT Time 207 6:00 - IOT 208 209# Brunei 210# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 211Zone Asia/Brunei 7:39:40 - LMT 1926 Mar # Bandar Seri Begawan 212 7:30 - BNT 1933 213 8:00 - BNT 214 215# Burma / Myanmar 216# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 217Zone Asia/Rangoon 6:24:40 - LMT 1880 # or Yangon 218 6:24:36 - RMT 1920 # Rangoon Mean Time? 219 6:30 - BURT 1942 May # Burma Time 220 9:00 - JST 1945 May 3 221 6:30 - MMT # Myanmar Time 222 223# Cambodia 224# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 225Zone Asia/Phnom_Penh 6:59:40 - LMT 1906 Jun 9 226 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT? 227 7:00 - ICT 1912 May 228 8:00 - ICT 1931 May 229 7:00 - ICT 230 231# China 232 233# From Guy Harris: 234# People's Republic of China. Yes, they really have only one time zone. 235 236# From Bob Devine (1988-01-28): 237# No they don't. See TIME mag, 1986-02-17 p.52. Even though 238# China is across 4 physical time zones, before Feb 1, 1986 only the 239# Peking (Bejing) time zone was recognized. Since that date, China 240# has two of 'em -- Peking's and Urumqi (named after the capital of 241# the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region). I don't know about DST for it. 242# 243# . . .I just deleted the DST table and this editor makes it too 244# painful to suck in another copy.. So, here is what I have for 245# DST start/end dates for Peking's time zone (info from AP): 246# 247# 1986 May 4 - Sept 14 248# 1987 mid-April - ?? 249 250# From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19): 251# CHINA 8 H AHEAD OF UTC ALL OF CHINA, INCL TAIWAN 252# CHINA 9 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 17 - SEP 10 253 254# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 255# Shanks & Pottenger write that China (except for Hong Kong and Macau) 256# has had a single time zone since 1980 May 1, observing summer DST 257# from 1986 through 1991; this contradicts Devine's 258# note about Time magazine, though apparently _something_ happened in 1986. 259# Go with Shanks & Pottenger for now. I made up names for the other 260# pre-1980 time zones. 261 262# From Shanks & Pottenger: 263# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 264Rule Shang 1940 only - Jun 3 0:00 1:00 D 265Rule Shang 1940 1941 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 266Rule Shang 1941 only - Mar 16 0:00 1:00 D 267Rule PRC 1986 only - May 4 0:00 1:00 D 268Rule PRC 1986 1991 - Sep Sun>=11 0:00 0 S 269Rule PRC 1987 1991 - Apr Sun>=10 0:00 1:00 D 270 271# From Anthony Fok (2001-12-20): 272# BTW, I did some research on-line and found some info regarding these five 273# historic timezones from some Taiwan websites. And yes, there are official 274# Chinese names for these locales (before 1949). 275# 276# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-07-14): 277# I have investigated the timezones around 1970 on the 278# http://www.astro.com/atlas site [with provinces and county 279# boundaries summarized below].... A few other exceptions were two 280# counties on the Sichuan side of the Xizang-Sichuan border, 281# counties Dege and Baiyu which lies on the Sichuan side and are 282# therefore supposed to be GMT+7, Xizang region being GMT+6, but Dege 283# county is GMT+8 according to astro.com while Baiyu county is GMT+6 284# (could be true), for the moment I am assuming that those two 285# counties are mistakes in the astro.com data. 286 287# From Paul Eggert (2008-02-11): 288# I just now checked Google News for western news sources that talk 289# about China's single time zone, and couldn't find anything before 1986 290# talking about China being in one time zone. (That article was: Jim 291# Mann, "A clumsy embrace for another western custom: China on daylight 292# time--sort of", Los Angeles Times, 1986-05-05. By the way, this 293# article confirms the tz database's data claiming that China began 294# observing daylight saving time in 1986. 295# 296# From Thomas S. Mullaney (2008-02-11): 297# I think you're combining two subjects that need to treated 298# separately: daylight savings (which, you're correct, wasn't 299# implemented until the 1980s) and the unified time zone centered near 300# Beijing (which was implemented in 1949). Briefly, there was also a 301# "Lhasa Time" in Tibet and "Urumqi Time" in Xinjiang. The first was 302# ceased, and the second eventually recognized (again, in the 1980s). 303# 304# From Paul Eggert (2008-06-30): 305# There seems to be a good chance China switched to a single time zone in 1949 306# rather than in 1980 as Shanks & Pottenger have it, but we don't have a 307# reliable documentary source saying so yet, so for now we still go with 308# Shanks & Pottenger. 309 310# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 311# Changbai Time ("Long-white Time", Long-white = Heilongjiang area) 312# Heilongjiang (except Mohe county), Jilin 313Zone Asia/Harbin 8:26:44 - LMT 1928 # or Haerbin 314 8:30 - CHAT 1932 Mar # Changbai Time 315 8:00 - CST 1940 316 9:00 - CHAT 1966 May 317 8:30 - CHAT 1980 May 318 8:00 PRC C%sT 319# Zhongyuan Time ("Central plain Time") 320# most of China 321Zone Asia/Shanghai 8:05:52 - LMT 1928 322 8:00 Shang C%sT 1949 323 8:00 PRC C%sT 324# Long-shu Time (probably due to Long and Shu being two names of that area) 325# Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Ningxia, Sichuan, Shaanxi, and Yunnan; 326# most of Gansu; west Inner Mongolia; west Qinghai; and the Guangdong 327# counties Deqing, Enping, Kaiping, Luoding, Taishan, Xinxing, 328# Yangchun, Yangjiang, Yu'nan, and Yunfu. 329Zone Asia/Chongqing 7:06:20 - LMT 1928 # or Chungking 330 7:00 - LONT 1980 May # Long-shu Time 331 8:00 PRC C%sT 332# Xin-zang Time ("Xinjiang-Tibet Time") 333# The Gansu counties Aksay, Anxi, Dunhuang, Subei; west Qinghai; 334# the Guangdong counties Xuwen, Haikang, Suixi, Lianjiang, 335# Zhanjiang, Wuchuan, Huazhou, Gaozhou, Maoming, Dianbai, and Xinyi; 336# east Tibet, including Lhasa, Chamdo, Shigaise, Jimsar, Shawan and Hutubi; 337# east Xinjiang, including Urumqi, Turpan, Karamay, Korla, Minfeng, Jinghe, 338# Wusu, Qiemo, Xinyan, Wulanwusu, Jinghe, Yumin, Tacheng, Tuoli, Emin, 339# Shihezi, Changji, Yanqi, Heshuo, Tuokexun, Tulufan, Shanshan, Hami, 340# Fukang, Kuitun, Kumukuli, Miquan, Qitai, and Turfan. 341Zone Asia/Urumqi 5:50:20 - LMT 1928 # or Urumchi 342 6:00 - URUT 1980 May # Urumqi Time 343 8:00 PRC C%sT 344# Kunlun Time 345# West Tibet, including Pulan, Aheqi, Shufu, Shule; 346# West Xinjiang, including Aksu, Atushi, Yining, Hetian, Cele, Luopu, Nileke, 347# Zhaosu, Tekesi, Gongliu, Chabuchaer, Huocheng, Bole, Pishan, Suiding, 348# and Yarkand. 349Zone Asia/Kashgar 5:03:56 - LMT 1928 # or Kashi or Kaxgar 350 5:30 - KAST 1940 # Kashgar Time 351 5:00 - KAST 1980 May 352 8:00 PRC C%sT 353 354# Hong Kong (Xianggang) 355# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 356Rule HK 1946 only - Apr 20 3:30 1:00 S 357Rule HK 1946 only - Dec 1 3:30 0 - 358Rule HK 1947 only - Apr 13 3:30 1:00 S 359Rule HK 1947 only - Dec 30 3:30 0 - 360Rule HK 1948 only - May 2 3:30 1:00 S 361Rule HK 1948 1952 - Oct lastSun 3:30 0 - 362Rule HK 1949 1953 - Apr Sun>=1 3:30 1:00 S 363Rule HK 1953 only - Nov 1 3:30 0 - 364Rule HK 1954 1964 - Mar Sun>=18 3:30 1:00 S 365Rule HK 1954 only - Oct 31 3:30 0 - 366Rule HK 1955 1964 - Nov Sun>=1 3:30 0 - 367Rule HK 1965 1977 - Apr Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 368Rule HK 1965 1977 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 - 369Rule HK 1979 1980 - May Sun>=8 3:30 1:00 S 370Rule HK 1979 1980 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 - 371# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 372Zone Asia/Hong_Kong 7:36:36 - LMT 1904 Oct 30 373 8:00 HK HK%sT 374 375 376############################################################################### 377 378# Taiwan 379 380# Shanks & Pottenger write that Taiwan observed DST during 1945, when it 381# was still controlled by Japan. This is hard to believe, but we don't 382# have any other information. 383 384# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 385Rule Taiwan 1945 1951 - May 1 0:00 1:00 D 386Rule Taiwan 1945 1951 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 387Rule Taiwan 1952 only - Mar 1 0:00 1:00 D 388Rule Taiwan 1952 1954 - Nov 1 0:00 0 S 389Rule Taiwan 1953 1959 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 390Rule Taiwan 1955 1961 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 391Rule Taiwan 1960 1961 - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D 392Rule Taiwan 1974 1975 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 393Rule Taiwan 1974 1975 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 394Rule Taiwan 1980 only - Jun 30 0:00 1:00 D 395Rule Taiwan 1980 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 S 396# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 397Zone Asia/Taipei 8:06:00 - LMT 1896 # or Taibei or T'ai-pei 398 8:00 Taiwan C%sT 399 400# Macau (Macao, Aomen) 401# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 402Rule Macau 1961 1962 - Mar Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 403Rule Macau 1961 1964 - Nov Sun>=1 3:30 0 - 404Rule Macau 1963 only - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 S 405Rule Macau 1964 only - Mar Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 406Rule Macau 1965 only - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 S 407Rule Macau 1965 only - Oct 31 0:00 0 - 408Rule Macau 1966 1971 - Apr Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 409Rule Macau 1966 1971 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 - 410Rule Macau 1972 1974 - Apr Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S 411Rule Macau 1972 1973 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 0 - 412Rule Macau 1974 1977 - Oct Sun>=15 3:30 0 - 413Rule Macau 1975 1977 - Apr Sun>=15 3:30 1:00 S 414Rule Macau 1978 1980 - Apr Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S 415Rule Macau 1978 1980 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 0 - 416# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 417Zone Asia/Macau 7:34:20 - LMT 1912 418 8:00 Macau MO%sT 1999 Dec 20 # return to China 419 8:00 PRC C%sT 420 421 422############################################################################### 423 424# Cyprus 425# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 426Rule Cyprus 1975 only - Apr 13 0:00 1:00 S 427Rule Cyprus 1975 only - Oct 12 0:00 0 - 428Rule Cyprus 1976 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 S 429Rule Cyprus 1976 only - Oct 11 0:00 0 - 430Rule Cyprus 1977 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S 431Rule Cyprus 1977 only - Sep 25 0:00 0 - 432Rule Cyprus 1978 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 - 433Rule Cyprus 1979 1997 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 434Rule Cyprus 1981 1998 - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 435# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 436Zone Asia/Nicosia 2:13:28 - LMT 1921 Nov 14 437 2:00 Cyprus EE%sT 1998 Sep 438 2:00 EUAsia EE%sT 439# IATA SSIM (1998-09) has Cyprus using EU rules for the first time. 440 441# Classically, Cyprus belongs to Asia; e.g. see Herodotus, Histories, I.72. 442# However, for various reasons many users expect to find it under Europe. 443Link Asia/Nicosia Europe/Nicosia 444 445# Georgia 446# From Paul Eggert (1994-11-19): 447# Today's _Economist_ (p 60) reports that Georgia moved its clocks forward 448# an hour recently, due to a law proposed by Zurab Murvanidze, 449# an MP who went on a hunger strike for 11 days to force discussion about it! 450# We have no details, but we'll guess they didn't move the clocks back in fall. 451# 452# From Mathew Englander, quoting AP (1996-10-23 13:05-04): 453# Instead of putting back clocks at the end of October, Georgia 454# will stay on daylight savings time this winter to save energy, 455# President Eduard Shevardnadze decreed Wednesday. 456# 457# From the BBC via Joseph S. Myers (2004-06-27): 458# 459# Georgia moved closer to Western Europe on Sunday... The former Soviet 460# republic has changed its time zone back to that of Moscow. As a result it 461# is now just four hours ahead of Greenwich Mean Time, rather than five hours 462# ahead. The switch was decreed by the pro-Western president of Georgia, 463# Mikhail Saakashvili, who said the change was partly prompted by the process 464# of integration into Europe. 465 466# From Teimuraz Abashidze (2005-11-07): 467# Government of Georgia ... decided to NOT CHANGE daylight savings time on 468# [Oct.] 30, as it was done before during last more than 10 years. 469# Currently, we are in fact GMT +4:00, as before 30 October it was GMT 470# +3:00.... The problem is, there is NO FORMAL LAW or governmental document 471# about it. As far as I can find, I was told, that there is no document, 472# because we just DIDN'T ISSUE document about switching to winter time.... 473# I don't know what can be done, especially knowing that some years ago our 474# DST rules where changed THREE TIMES during one month. 475 476 477# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 478Zone Asia/Tbilisi 2:59:16 - LMT 1880 479 2:59:16 - TBMT 1924 May 2 # Tbilisi Mean Time 480 3:00 - TBIT 1957 Mar # Tbilisi Time 481 4:00 RussiaAsia TBI%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 482 3:00 1:00 TBIST 1991 Apr 9 # independence 483 3:00 RussiaAsia GE%sT 1992 # Georgia Time 484 3:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 1994 Sep lastSun 485 4:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 1996 Oct lastSun 486 4:00 1:00 GEST 1997 Mar lastSun 487 4:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 2004 Jun 27 488 3:00 RussiaAsia GE%sT 2005 Mar lastSun 2:00 489 4:00 - GET 490 491# East Timor 492 493# See Indonesia for the 1945 transition. 494 495# From Joao Carrascalao, brother of the former governor of East Timor, in 496# <a href="http://etan.org/et99c/december/26-31/30ETMAY.htm"> 497# East Timor may be late for its millennium 498# </a> (1999-12-26/31): 499# Portugal tried to change the time forward in 1974 because the sun 500# rises too early but the suggestion raised a lot of problems with the 501# Timorese and I still don't think it would work today because it 502# conflicts with their way of life. 503 504# From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04): 505# We don't have any record of the above attempt. 506# Most likely our records are incomplete, but we have no better data. 507 508# <a href="http://www.hri.org/news/world/undh/last/00-08-16.undh.html"> 509# From Manoel de Almeida e Silva, Deputy Spokesman for the UN Secretary-General 510# (2000-08-16)</a>: 511# The Cabinet of the East Timor Transition Administration decided 512# today to advance East Timor's time by one hour. The time change, 513# which will be permanent, with no seasonal adjustment, will happen at 514# midnight on Saturday, September 16. 515 516# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 517Zone Asia/Dili 8:22:20 - LMT 1912 518 8:00 - TLT 1942 Feb 21 23:00 # E Timor Time 519 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 23 520 9:00 - TLT 1976 May 3 521 8:00 - CIT 2000 Sep 17 00:00 522 9:00 - TLT 523 524# India 525# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 526Zone Asia/Kolkata 5:53:28 - LMT 1880 # Kolkata 527 5:53:20 - HMT 1941 Oct # Howrah Mean Time? 528 6:30 - BURT 1942 May 15 # Burma Time 529 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep 530 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 15 531 5:30 - IST 532# The following are like Asia/Kolkata: 533# Andaman Is 534# Lakshadweep (Laccadive, Minicoy and Amindivi Is) 535# Nicobar Is 536 537# Indonesia 538# 539# From Gwillim Law (2001-05-28), overriding Shanks & Pottenger: 540# <http://www.sumatera-inc.com/go_to_invest/about_indonesia.asp#standtime> 541# says that Indonesia's time zones changed on 1988-01-01. Looking at some 542# time zone maps, I think that must refer to Western Borneo (Kalimantan Barat 543# and Kalimantan Tengah) switching from UTC+8 to UTC+7. 544# 545# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-10): 546# Here is another correction to Shanks & Pottenger. 547# JohnTWB writes that Japanese forces did not surrender control in 548# Indonesia until 1945-09-01 00:00 at the earliest (in Jakarta) and 549# other formal surrender ceremonies were September 9, 11, and 13, plus 550# September 12 for the regional surrender to Mountbatten in Singapore. 551# These would be the earliest possible times for a change. 552# Regimes horaires pour le monde entier, by Henri Le Corre, (Editions 553# Traditionnelles, 1987, Paris) says that Java and Madura switched 554# from JST to UTC+07:30 on 1945-09-23, and gives 1944-09-01 for Jayapura 555# (Hollandia). For now, assume all Indonesian locations other than Jayapura 556# switched on 1945-09-23. 557# 558# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 559Zone Asia/Jakarta 7:07:12 - LMT 1867 Aug 10 560# Shanks & Pottenger say the next transition was at 1924 Jan 1 0:13, 561# but this must be a typo. 562 7:07:12 - JMT 1923 Dec 31 23:47:12 # Jakarta 563 7:20 - JAVT 1932 Nov # Java Time 564 7:30 - WIT 1942 Mar 23 565 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 23 566 7:30 - WIT 1948 May 567 8:00 - WIT 1950 May 568 7:30 - WIT 1964 569 7:00 - WIT 570Zone Asia/Pontianak 7:17:20 - LMT 1908 May 571 7:17:20 - PMT 1932 Nov # Pontianak MT 572 7:30 - WIT 1942 Jan 29 573 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 23 574 7:30 - WIT 1948 May 575 8:00 - WIT 1950 May 576 7:30 - WIT 1964 577 8:00 - CIT 1988 Jan 1 578 7:00 - WIT 579Zone Asia/Makassar 7:57:36 - LMT 1920 580 7:57:36 - MMT 1932 Nov # Macassar MT 581 8:00 - CIT 1942 Feb 9 582 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 23 583 8:00 - CIT 584Zone Asia/Jayapura 9:22:48 - LMT 1932 Nov 585 9:00 - EIT 1944 Sep 1 586 9:30 - CST 1964 587 9:00 - EIT 588 589# Iran 590 591# From Roozbeh Pournader (2003-03-15): 592# This is an English translation of what I just found (originally in Persian). 593# The Gregorian dates in brackets are mine: 594# 595# Official Newspaper No. 13548-1370/6/25 [1991-09-16] 596# No. 16760/T233 H 1370/6/10 [1991-09-01] 597# 598# The Rule About Change of the Official Time of the Country 599# 600# The Board of Ministers, in the meeting dated 1370/5/23 [1991-08-14], 601# based on the suggestion number 2221/D dated 1370/4/22 [1991-07-13] 602# of the Country's Organization for Official and Employment Affairs, 603# and referring to the law for equating the working hours of workers 604# and officers in the whole country dated 1359/4/23 [1980-07-14], and 605# for synchronizing the official times of the country, agreed that: 606# 607# The official time of the country will should move forward one hour 608# at the 24[:00] hours of the first day of Farvardin and should return 609# to its previous state at the 24[:00] hours of the 30th day of 610# Shahrivar. 611# 612# First Deputy to the President - Hassan Habibi 613# 614# From personal experience, that agrees with what has been followed 615# for at least the last 5 years. Before that, for a few years, the 616# date used was the first Thursday night of Farvardin and the last 617# Thursday night of Shahrivar, but I can't give exact dates.... 618# I have also changed the abbreviations to what is considered correct 619# here in Iran, IRST for regular time and IRDT for daylight saving time. 620# 621# From Roozbeh Pournader (2005-04-05): 622# The text of the Iranian law, in effect since 1925, clearly mentions 623# that the true solar year is the measure, and there is no arithmetic 624# leap year calculation involved. There has never been any serious 625# plan to change that law.... 626# 627# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 628# Go with Shanks & Pottenger before Sept. 1991, and with Pournader thereafter. 629# I used Ed Reingold's cal-persia in GNU Emacs 21.2 to check Persian dates, 630# stopping after 2037 when 32-bit time_t's overflow. 631# That cal-persia used Birashk's approximation, which disagrees with the solar 632# calendar predictions for the year 2025, so I corrected those dates by hand. 633# 634# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-03-30), writing about future 635# discrepancies between cal-persia and the Iranian calendar: 636# For 2091 solar-longitude-after yields 2091-03-20 08:40:07.7 UT for 637# the vernal equinox and that gets so close to 12:00 some local 638# Iranian time that the definition of the correct location needs to be 639# known exactly, amongst other factors. 2157 is even closer: 640# 2157-03-20 08:37:15.5 UT. But the Gregorian year 2025 should give 641# no interpretation problem whatsoever. By the way, another instant 642# in the near future where there will be a discrepancy between 643# arithmetical and astronomical Iranian calendars will be in 2058: 644# vernal equinox on 2058-03-20 09:03:05.9 UT. The Java version of 645# Reingold's/Dershowitz' calculator gives correctly the Gregorian date 646# 2058-03-21 for 1 Farvardin 1437 (astronomical). 647# 648# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-03-22): 649# Several of my users have reported that Iran will not observe DST anymore: 650# http://www.irna.ir/en/news/view/line-17/0603193812164948.htm 651# 652# From Reuters (2007-09-16), with a heads-up from Jesper Norgaard Welen: 653# ... the Guardian Council ... approved a law on Sunday to re-introduce 654# daylight saving time ... 655# http://uk.reuters.com/article/oilRpt/idUKBLA65048420070916 656# 657# From Roozbeh Pournader (2007-11-05): 658# This is quoted from Official Gazette of the Islamic Republic of 659# Iran, Volume 63, Number 18242, dated Tuesday 1386/6/24 660# [2007-10-16]. I am doing the best translation I can:... 661# The official time of the country will be moved forward for one hour 662# on the 24 hours of the first day of the month of Farvardin and will 663# be changed back to its previous state on the 24 hours of the 664# thirtieth day of Shahrivar. 665# 666# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 667Rule Iran 1978 1980 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 668Rule Iran 1978 only - Oct 21 0:00 0 S 669Rule Iran 1979 only - Sep 19 0:00 0 S 670Rule Iran 1980 only - Sep 23 0:00 0 S 671Rule Iran 1991 only - May 3 0:00 1:00 D 672Rule Iran 1992 1995 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 673Rule Iran 1991 1995 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 674Rule Iran 1996 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 675Rule Iran 1996 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 676Rule Iran 1997 1999 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 677Rule Iran 1997 1999 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 678Rule Iran 2000 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 679Rule Iran 2000 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 680Rule Iran 2001 2003 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 681Rule Iran 2001 2003 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 682Rule Iran 2004 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 683Rule Iran 2004 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 684Rule Iran 2005 only - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 685Rule Iran 2005 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 686Rule Iran 2008 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 687Rule Iran 2008 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 688Rule Iran 2009 2011 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 689Rule Iran 2009 2011 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 690Rule Iran 2012 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 691Rule Iran 2012 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 692Rule Iran 2013 2015 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 693Rule Iran 2013 2015 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 694Rule Iran 2016 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 695Rule Iran 2016 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 696Rule Iran 2017 2019 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 697Rule Iran 2017 2019 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 698Rule Iran 2020 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 699Rule Iran 2020 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 700Rule Iran 2021 2023 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 701Rule Iran 2021 2023 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 702Rule Iran 2024 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 703Rule Iran 2024 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 704Rule Iran 2025 2027 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 705Rule Iran 2025 2027 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 706Rule Iran 2028 2029 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 707Rule Iran 2028 2029 - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 708Rule Iran 2030 2031 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 709Rule Iran 2030 2031 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 710Rule Iran 2032 2033 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 711Rule Iran 2032 2033 - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 712Rule Iran 2034 2035 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 713Rule Iran 2034 2035 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 714Rule Iran 2036 2037 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 715Rule Iran 2036 2037 - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 716# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 717Zone Asia/Tehran 3:25:44 - LMT 1916 718 3:25:44 - TMT 1946 # Tehran Mean Time 719 3:30 - IRST 1977 Nov 720 4:00 Iran IR%sT 1979 721 3:30 Iran IR%sT 722 723 724# Iraq 725# 726# From Jonathan Lennox (2000-06-12): 727# An article in this week's Economist ("Inside the Saddam-free zone", p. 50 in 728# the U.S. edition) on the Iraqi Kurds contains a paragraph: 729# "The three northern provinces ... switched their clocks this spring and 730# are an hour ahead of Baghdad." 731# 732# But Rives McDow (2000-06-18) quotes a contact in Iraqi-Kurdistan as follows: 733# In the past, some Kurdish nationalists, as a protest to the Iraqi 734# Government, did not adhere to daylight saving time. They referred 735# to daylight saving as Saddam time. But, as of today, the time zone 736# in Iraqi-Kurdistan is on standard time with Baghdad, Iraq. 737# 738# So we'll ignore the Economist's claim. 739 740# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-03-10): 741# The cabinet in Iraq abolished DST last week, according to the following 742# news sources (in Arabic): 743# <a href="http://www.aljeeran.net/wesima_articles/news-20080305-98602.html"> 744# http://www.aljeeran.net/wesima_articles/news-20080305-98602.html 745# </a> 746# <a href="http://www.aswataliraq.info/look/article.tpl?id=2047&IdLanguage=17&IdPublication=4&NrArticle=71743&NrIssue=1&NrSection=10"> 747# http://www.aswataliraq.info/look/article.tpl?id=2047&IdLanguage=17&IdPublication=4&NrArticle=71743&NrIssue=1&NrSection=10 748# </a> 749# 750# We have published a short article in English about the change: 751# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/iraq-dumps-daylight-saving.html"> 752# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/iraq-dumps-daylight-saving.html 753# </a> 754 755# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 756Rule Iraq 1982 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D 757Rule Iraq 1982 1984 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 758Rule Iraq 1983 only - Mar 31 0:00 1:00 D 759Rule Iraq 1984 1985 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 760Rule Iraq 1985 1990 - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 S 761Rule Iraq 1986 1990 - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 D 762# IATA SSIM (1991/1996) says Apr 1 12:01am UTC; guess the `:01' is a typo. 763# Shanks & Pottenger say Iraq did not observe DST 1992/1997; ignore this. 764# 765Rule Iraq 1991 2007 - Apr 1 3:00s 1:00 D 766Rule Iraq 1991 2007 - Oct 1 3:00s 0 S 767# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 768Zone Asia/Baghdad 2:57:40 - LMT 1890 769 2:57:36 - BMT 1918 # Baghdad Mean Time? 770 3:00 - AST 1982 May 771 3:00 Iraq A%sT 772 773 774############################################################################### 775 776# Israel 777 778# From Ephraim Silverberg (2001-01-11): 779# 780# I coined "IST/IDT" circa 1988. Until then there were three 781# different abbreviations in use: 782# 783# JST Jerusalem Standard Time [Danny Braniss, Hebrew University] 784# IZT Israel Zonal (sic) Time [Prof. Haim Papo, Technion] 785# EEST Eastern Europe Standard Time [used by almost everyone else] 786# 787# Since timezones should be called by country and not capital cities, 788# I ruled out JST. As Israel is in Asia Minor and not Eastern Europe, 789# EEST was equally unacceptable. Since "zonal" was not compatible with 790# any other timezone abbreviation, I felt that 'IST' was the way to go 791# and, indeed, it has received almost universal acceptance in timezone 792# settings in Israeli computers. 793# 794# In any case, I am happy to share timezone abbreviations with India, 795# high on my favorite-country list (and not only because my wife's 796# family is from India). 797 798# From Shanks & Pottenger: 799# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 800Rule Zion 1940 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D 801Rule Zion 1942 1944 - Nov 1 0:00 0 S 802Rule Zion 1943 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 803Rule Zion 1944 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 804Rule Zion 1945 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 D 805Rule Zion 1945 only - Nov 1 2:00 0 S 806Rule Zion 1946 only - Apr 16 2:00 1:00 D 807Rule Zion 1946 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 S 808Rule Zion 1948 only - May 23 0:00 2:00 DD 809Rule Zion 1948 only - Sep 1 0:00 1:00 D 810Rule Zion 1948 1949 - Nov 1 2:00 0 S 811Rule Zion 1949 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D 812Rule Zion 1950 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 D 813Rule Zion 1950 only - Sep 15 3:00 0 S 814Rule Zion 1951 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 815Rule Zion 1951 only - Nov 11 3:00 0 S 816Rule Zion 1952 only - Apr 20 2:00 1:00 D 817Rule Zion 1952 only - Oct 19 3:00 0 S 818Rule Zion 1953 only - Apr 12 2:00 1:00 D 819Rule Zion 1953 only - Sep 13 3:00 0 S 820Rule Zion 1954 only - Jun 13 0:00 1:00 D 821Rule Zion 1954 only - Sep 12 0:00 0 S 822Rule Zion 1955 only - Jun 11 2:00 1:00 D 823Rule Zion 1955 only - Sep 11 0:00 0 S 824Rule Zion 1956 only - Jun 3 0:00 1:00 D 825Rule Zion 1956 only - Sep 30 3:00 0 S 826Rule Zion 1957 only - Apr 29 2:00 1:00 D 827Rule Zion 1957 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 828Rule Zion 1974 only - Jul 7 0:00 1:00 D 829Rule Zion 1974 only - Oct 13 0:00 0 S 830Rule Zion 1975 only - Apr 20 0:00 1:00 D 831Rule Zion 1975 only - Aug 31 0:00 0 S 832Rule Zion 1985 only - Apr 14 0:00 1:00 D 833Rule Zion 1985 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S 834Rule Zion 1986 only - May 18 0:00 1:00 D 835Rule Zion 1986 only - Sep 7 0:00 0 S 836Rule Zion 1987 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 D 837Rule Zion 1987 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S 838Rule Zion 1988 only - Apr 9 0:00 1:00 D 839Rule Zion 1988 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S 840 841# From Ephraim Silverberg 842# (1997-03-04, 1998-03-16, 1998-12-28, 2000-01-17, 2000-07-25, 2004-12-22, 843# and 2005-02-17): 844 845# According to the Office of the Secretary General of the Ministry of 846# Interior, there is NO set rule for Daylight-Savings/Standard time changes. 847# One thing is entrenched in law, however: that there must be at least 150 848# days of daylight savings time annually. From 1993-1998, the change to 849# daylight savings time was on a Friday morning from midnight IST to 850# 1 a.m IDT; up until 1998, the change back to standard time was on a 851# Saturday night from midnight daylight savings time to 11 p.m. standard 852# time. 1996 is an exception to this rule where the change back to standard 853# time took place on Sunday night instead of Saturday night to avoid 854# conflicts with the Jewish New Year. In 1999, the change to 855# daylight savings time was still on a Friday morning but from 856# 2 a.m. IST to 3 a.m. IDT; furthermore, the change back to standard time 857# was also on a Friday morning from 2 a.m. IDT to 1 a.m. IST for 858# 1999 only. In the year 2000, the change to daylight savings time was 859# similar to 1999, but although the change back will be on a Friday, it 860# will take place from 1 a.m. IDT to midnight IST. Starting in 2001, all 861# changes to/from will take place at 1 a.m. old time, but now there is no 862# rule as to what day of the week it will take place in as the start date 863# (except in 2003) is the night after the Passover Seder (i.e. the eve 864# of the 16th of Nisan in the lunar Hebrew calendar) and the end date 865# (except in 2002) is three nights before Yom Kippur [Day of Atonement] 866# (the eve of the 7th of Tishrei in the lunar Hebrew calendar). 867 868# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 869Rule Zion 1989 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D 870Rule Zion 1989 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S 871Rule Zion 1990 only - Mar 25 0:00 1:00 D 872Rule Zion 1990 only - Aug 26 0:00 0 S 873Rule Zion 1991 only - Mar 24 0:00 1:00 D 874Rule Zion 1991 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 S 875Rule Zion 1992 only - Mar 29 0:00 1:00 D 876Rule Zion 1992 only - Sep 6 0:00 0 S 877Rule Zion 1993 only - Apr 2 0:00 1:00 D 878Rule Zion 1993 only - Sep 5 0:00 0 S 879 880# The dates for 1994-1995 were obtained from Office of the Spokeswoman for the 881# Ministry of Interior, Jerusalem, Israel. The spokeswoman can be reached by 882# calling the office directly at 972-2-6701447 or 972-2-6701448. 883 884# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 885Rule Zion 1994 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 886Rule Zion 1994 only - Aug 28 0:00 0 S 887Rule Zion 1995 only - Mar 31 0:00 1:00 D 888Rule Zion 1995 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S 889 890# The dates for 1996 were determined by the Minister of Interior of the 891# time, Haim Ramon. The official announcement regarding 1996-1998 892# (with the dates for 1997-1998 no longer being relevant) can be viewed at: 893# 894# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/1996-1998.ramon.ps.gz 895# 896# The dates for 1997-1998 were altered by his successor, Rabbi Eli Suissa. 897# 898# The official announcements for the years 1997-1999 can be viewed at: 899# 900# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/YYYY.ps.gz 901# 902# where YYYY is the relevant year. 903 904# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 905Rule Zion 1996 only - Mar 15 0:00 1:00 D 906Rule Zion 1996 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 S 907Rule Zion 1997 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 908Rule Zion 1997 only - Sep 14 0:00 0 S 909Rule Zion 1998 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 D 910Rule Zion 1998 only - Sep 6 0:00 0 S 911Rule Zion 1999 only - Apr 2 2:00 1:00 D 912Rule Zion 1999 only - Sep 3 2:00 0 S 913 914# The Knesset Interior Committee has changed the dates for 2000 for 915# the third time in just over a year and have set new dates for the 916# years 2001-2004 as well. 917# 918# The official announcement for the start date of 2000 can be viewed at: 919# 920# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2000-start.ps.gz 921# 922# The official announcement for the end date of 2000 and the dates 923# for the years 2001-2004 can be viewed at: 924# 925# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2000-2004.ps.gz 926 927# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 928Rule Zion 2000 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D 929Rule Zion 2000 only - Oct 6 1:00 0 S 930Rule Zion 2001 only - Apr 9 1:00 1:00 D 931Rule Zion 2001 only - Sep 24 1:00 0 S 932Rule Zion 2002 only - Mar 29 1:00 1:00 D 933Rule Zion 2002 only - Oct 7 1:00 0 S 934Rule Zion 2003 only - Mar 28 1:00 1:00 D 935Rule Zion 2003 only - Oct 3 1:00 0 S 936Rule Zion 2004 only - Apr 7 1:00 1:00 D 937Rule Zion 2004 only - Sep 22 1:00 0 S 938 939# The proposed law agreed upon by the Knesset Interior Committee on 940# 2005-02-14 is that, for 2005 and beyond, DST starts at 02:00 the 941# last Friday before April 2nd (i.e. the last Friday in March or April 942# 1st itself if it falls on a Friday) and ends at 02:00 on the Saturday 943# night _before_ the fast of Yom Kippur. 944# 945# Those who can read Hebrew can view the announcement at: 946# 947# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2005+beyond.ps 948 949# From Paul Eggert (2005-02-22): 950# I used Ephraim Silverberg's dst-israel.el program 951# <ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/software/dst-israel.el> (2005-02-20) 952# along with Ed Reingold's cal-hebrew in GNU Emacs 21.4, 953# to generate the transitions in this list. 954# (I replaced "lastFri" with "Fri>=26" by hand.) 955# The spring transitions below all correspond to the following Rule: 956# 957# Rule Zion 2005 max - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 958# 959# but older zic implementations (e.g., Solaris 8) do not support 960# "Fri>=26" to mean April 1 in years like 2005, so for now we list the 961# springtime transitions explicitly. 962 963# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 964Rule Zion 2005 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 965Rule Zion 2005 only - Oct 9 2:00 0 S 966Rule Zion 2006 2010 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 967Rule Zion 2006 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 S 968Rule Zion 2007 only - Sep 16 2:00 0 S 969Rule Zion 2008 only - Oct 5 2:00 0 S 970Rule Zion 2009 only - Sep 27 2:00 0 S 971Rule Zion 2010 only - Sep 12 2:00 0 S 972Rule Zion 2011 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 973Rule Zion 2011 only - Oct 2 2:00 0 S 974Rule Zion 2012 2015 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 975Rule Zion 2012 only - Sep 23 2:00 0 S 976Rule Zion 2013 only - Sep 8 2:00 0 S 977Rule Zion 2014 only - Sep 28 2:00 0 S 978Rule Zion 2015 only - Sep 20 2:00 0 S 979Rule Zion 2016 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 980Rule Zion 2016 only - Oct 9 2:00 0 S 981Rule Zion 2017 2021 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 982Rule Zion 2017 only - Sep 24 2:00 0 S 983Rule Zion 2018 only - Sep 16 2:00 0 S 984Rule Zion 2019 only - Oct 6 2:00 0 S 985Rule Zion 2020 only - Sep 27 2:00 0 S 986Rule Zion 2021 only - Sep 12 2:00 0 S 987Rule Zion 2022 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 988Rule Zion 2022 only - Oct 2 2:00 0 S 989Rule Zion 2023 2032 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 990Rule Zion 2023 only - Sep 24 2:00 0 S 991Rule Zion 2024 only - Oct 6 2:00 0 S 992Rule Zion 2025 only - Sep 28 2:00 0 S 993Rule Zion 2026 only - Sep 20 2:00 0 S 994Rule Zion 2027 only - Oct 10 2:00 0 S 995Rule Zion 2028 only - Sep 24 2:00 0 S 996Rule Zion 2029 only - Sep 16 2:00 0 S 997Rule Zion 2030 only - Oct 6 2:00 0 S 998Rule Zion 2031 only - Sep 21 2:00 0 S 999Rule Zion 2032 only - Sep 12 2:00 0 S 1000Rule Zion 2033 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 1001Rule Zion 2033 only - Oct 2 2:00 0 S 1002Rule Zion 2034 2037 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 1003Rule Zion 2034 only - Sep 17 2:00 0 S 1004Rule Zion 2035 only - Oct 7 2:00 0 S 1005Rule Zion 2036 only - Sep 28 2:00 0 S 1006Rule Zion 2037 only - Sep 13 2:00 0 S 1007 1008# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1009Zone Asia/Jerusalem 2:20:56 - LMT 1880 1010 2:20:40 - JMT 1918 # Jerusalem Mean Time? 1011 2:00 Zion I%sT 1012 1013 1014 1015############################################################################### 1016 1017# Japan 1018 1019# `9:00' and `JST' is from Guy Harris. 1020 1021# From Paul Eggert (1995-03-06): 1022# Today's _Asahi Evening News_ (page 4) reports that Japan had 1023# daylight saving between 1948 and 1951, but ``the system was discontinued 1024# because the public believed it would lead to longer working hours.'' 1025 1026# From Mayumi Negishi in the 2005-08-10 Japan Times 1027# <http://www.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/getarticle.pl5?nn20050810f2.htm>: 1028# Occupation authorities imposed daylight-saving time on Japan on 1029# [1948-05-01].... But lack of prior debate and the execution of 1030# daylight-saving time just three days after the bill was passed generated 1031# deep hatred of the concept.... The Diet unceremoniously passed a bill to 1032# dump the unpopular system in October 1951, less than a month after the San 1033# Francisco Peace Treaty was signed. (A government poll in 1951 showed 53% 1034# of the Japanese wanted to scrap daylight-saving time, as opposed to 30% who 1035# wanted to keep it.) 1036 1037# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 1038# Shanks & Pottenger write that DST in Japan during those years was as follows: 1039# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1040Rule Japan 1948 only - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D 1041Rule Japan 1948 1951 - Sep Sat>=8 2:00 0 S 1042Rule Japan 1949 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D 1043Rule Japan 1950 1951 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D 1044# but the only locations using it (for birth certificates, presumably, since 1045# their audience is astrologers) were US military bases. For now, assume 1046# that for most purposes daylight-saving time was observed; otherwise, what 1047# would have been the point of the 1951 poll? 1048 1049# From Hideyuki Suzuki (1998-11-09): 1050# 'Tokyo' usually stands for the former location of Tokyo Astronomical 1051# Observatory: E 139 44' 40".90 (9h 18m 58s.727), N 35 39' 16".0. 1052# This data is from 'Rika Nenpyou (Chronological Scientific Tables) 1996' 1053# edited by National Astronomical Observatory of Japan.... 1054# JST (Japan Standard Time) has been used since 1888-01-01 00:00 (JST). 1055# The law is enacted on 1886-07-07. 1056 1057# From Hideyuki Suzuki (1998-11-16): 1058# The ordinance No. 51 (1886) established "standard time" in Japan, 1059# which stands for the time on E 135 degree. 1060# In the ordinance No. 167 (1895), "standard time" was renamed to "central 1061# standard time". And the same ordinance also established "western standard 1062# time", which stands for the time on E 120 degree.... But "western standard 1063# time" was abolished in the ordinance No. 529 (1937). In the ordinance No. 1064# 167, there is no mention regarding for what place western standard time is 1065# standard.... 1066# 1067# I wrote "ordinance" above, but I don't know how to translate. 1068# In Japanese it's "chokurei", which means ordinance from emperor. 1069 1070# Shanks & Pottenger claim JST in use since 1896, and that a few 1071# places (e.g. Ishigaki) use +0800; go with Suzuki. Guess that all 1072# ordinances took effect on Jan 1. 1073 1074# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1075Zone Asia/Tokyo 9:18:59 - LMT 1887 Dec 31 15:00u 1076 9:00 - JST 1896 1077 9:00 - CJT 1938 1078 9:00 Japan J%sT 1079# Since 1938, all Japanese possessions have been like Asia/Tokyo. 1080 1081# Jordan 1082# 1083# From <a href="http://star.arabia.com/990701/JO9.html"> 1084# Jordan Week (1999-07-01) </a> via Steffen Thorsen (1999-09-09): 1085# Clocks in Jordan were forwarded one hour on Wednesday at midnight, 1086# in accordance with the government's decision to implement summer time 1087# all year round. 1088# 1089# From <a href="http://star.arabia.com/990930/JO9.html"> 1090# Jordan Week (1999-09-30) </a> via Steffen Thorsen (1999-11-09): 1091# Winter time starts today Thursday, 30 September. Clocks will be turned back 1092# by one hour. This is the latest government decision and it's final! 1093# The decision was taken because of the increase in working hours in 1094# government's departments from six to seven hours. 1095# 1096# From Paul Eggert (2005-11-22): 1097# Starting 2003 transitions are from Steffen Thorsen's web site timeanddate.com. 1098# 1099# From Steffen Thorsen (2005-11-23): 1100# For Jordan I have received multiple independent user reports every year 1101# about DST end dates, as the end-rule is different every year. 1102# 1103# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-10-01), after a heads-up from Hilal Malawi: 1104# http://www.petranews.gov.jo/nepras/2006/Sep/05/4000.htm 1105# "Jordan will switch to winter time on Friday, October 27". 1106# 1107 1108# From Phil Pizzey (2009-04-02): 1109# ...I think I may have spotted an error in the timezone data for 1110# Jordan. 1111# The current (2009d) asia file shows Jordan going to daylight 1112# saving 1113# time on the last Thursday in March. 1114# 1115# Rule Jordan 2000 max - Mar lastThu 0:00s 1:00 S 1116# 1117# However timeanddate.com, which I usually find reliable, shows Jordan 1118# going to daylight saving time on the last Friday in March since 2002. 1119# Please see 1120# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/timezone.html?n=11"> 1121# http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/timezone.html?n=11 1122# </a> 1123 1124# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-04-02): 1125# This single one might be good enough, (2009-03-24, Arabic): 1126# <a href="http://petra.gov.jo/Artical.aspx?Lng=2&Section=8&Artical=95279"> 1127# http://petra.gov.jo/Artical.aspx?Lng=2&Section=8&Artical=95279 1128# </a> 1129# 1130# Google's translation: 1131# 1132# > The Council of Ministers decided in 2002 to adopt the principle of timely 1133# > submission of the summer at 60 minutes as of midnight on the last Thursday 1134# > of the month of March of each year. 1135# 1136# So - this means the midnight between Thursday and Friday since 2002. 1137 1138# From Arthur David Olson (2009-04-06): 1139# We still have Jordan switching to DST on Thursdays in 2000 and 2001. 1140 1141# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1142Rule Jordan 1973 only - Jun 6 0:00 1:00 S 1143Rule Jordan 1973 1975 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1144Rule Jordan 1974 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 1145Rule Jordan 1976 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 1146Rule Jordan 1977 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1147Rule Jordan 1978 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S 1148Rule Jordan 1978 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 - 1149Rule Jordan 1985 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 1150Rule Jordan 1985 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1151Rule Jordan 1986 1988 - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S 1152Rule Jordan 1986 1990 - Oct Fri>=1 0:00 0 - 1153Rule Jordan 1989 only - May 8 0:00 1:00 S 1154Rule Jordan 1990 only - Apr 27 0:00 1:00 S 1155Rule Jordan 1991 only - Apr 17 0:00 1:00 S 1156Rule Jordan 1991 only - Sep 27 0:00 0 - 1157Rule Jordan 1992 only - Apr 10 0:00 1:00 S 1158Rule Jordan 1992 1993 - Oct Fri>=1 0:00 0 - 1159Rule Jordan 1993 1998 - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S 1160Rule Jordan 1994 only - Sep Fri>=15 0:00 0 - 1161Rule Jordan 1995 1998 - Sep Fri>=15 0:00s 0 - 1162Rule Jordan 1999 only - Jul 1 0:00s 1:00 S 1163Rule Jordan 1999 2002 - Sep lastFri 0:00s 0 - 1164Rule Jordan 2000 2001 - Mar lastThu 0:00s 1:00 S 1165Rule Jordan 2002 max - Mar lastThu 24:00 1:00 S 1166Rule Jordan 2003 only - Oct 24 0:00s 0 - 1167Rule Jordan 2004 only - Oct 15 0:00s 0 - 1168Rule Jordan 2005 only - Sep lastFri 0:00s 0 - 1169Rule Jordan 2006 max - Oct lastFri 0:00s 0 - 1170# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1171Zone Asia/Amman 2:23:44 - LMT 1931 1172 2:00 Jordan EE%sT 1173 1174 1175# Kazakhstan 1176 1177# From Paul Eggert (1996-11-22): 1178# Andrew Evtichov (1996-04-13) writes that Kazakhstan 1179# stayed in sync with Moscow after 1990, and that Aqtobe (formerly Aktyubinsk) 1180# and Aqtau (formerly Shevchenko) are the largest cities in their zones. 1181# Guess that Aqtau and Aqtobe diverged in 1995, since that's the first time 1182# IATA SSIM mentions a third time zone in Kazakhstan. 1183 1184# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 1185# German Iofis, ELSI, Almaty (2001-10-09) reports that Kazakhstan uses 1186# RussiaAsia rules, instead of switching at 00:00 as the IATA has it. 1187# Go with Shanks & Pottenger, who have them always using RussiaAsia rules. 1188# Also go with the following claims of Shanks & Pottenger: 1189# 1190# - Kazakhstan did not observe DST in 1991. 1191# - Qyzylorda switched from +5:00 to +6:00 on 1992-01-19 02:00. 1192# - Oral switched from +5:00 to +4:00 in spring 1989. 1193 1194# <a href="http://www.kazsociety.org.uk/news/2005/03/30.htm"> 1195# From Kazakhstan Embassy's News Bulletin #11 (2005-03-21): 1196# </a> 1197# The Government of Kazakhstan passed a resolution March 15 abolishing 1198# daylight saving time citing lack of economic benefits and health 1199# complications coupled with a decrease in productivity. 1200# 1201# From Branislav Kojic (in Astana) via Gwillim Law (2005-06-28): 1202# ... what happened was that the former Kazakhstan Eastern time zone 1203# was "blended" with the Central zone. Therefore, Kazakhstan now has 1204# two time zones, and difference between them is one hour. The zone 1205# closer to UTC is the former Western zone (probably still called the 1206# same), encompassing four provinces in the west: Aqtobe, Atyrau, 1207# Mangghystau, and West Kazakhstan. The other zone encompasses 1208# everything else.... I guess that would make Kazakhstan time zones 1209# de jure UTC+5 and UTC+6 respectively. 1210 1211# 1212# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1213# 1214# Almaty (formerly Alma-Ata), representing most locations in Kazakhstan 1215Zone Asia/Almaty 5:07:48 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Alma-Ata 1216 5:00 - ALMT 1930 Jun 21 # Alma-Ata Time 1217 6:00 RussiaAsia ALM%sT 1991 1218 6:00 - ALMT 1992 1219 6:00 RussiaAsia ALM%sT 2005 Mar 15 1220 6:00 - ALMT 1221# Qyzylorda (aka Kyzylorda, Kizilorda, Kzyl-Orda, etc.) 1222Zone Asia/Qyzylorda 4:21:52 - LMT 1924 May 2 1223 4:00 - KIZT 1930 Jun 21 # Kizilorda Time 1224 5:00 - KIZT 1981 Apr 1 1225 5:00 1:00 KIZST 1981 Oct 1 1226 6:00 - KIZT 1982 Apr 1 1227 5:00 RussiaAsia KIZ%sT 1991 1228 5:00 - KIZT 1991 Dec 16 # independence 1229 5:00 - QYZT 1992 Jan 19 2:00 1230 6:00 RussiaAsia QYZ%sT 2005 Mar 15 1231 6:00 - QYZT 1232# Aqtobe (aka Aktobe, formerly Akt'ubinsk) 1233Zone Asia/Aqtobe 3:48:40 - LMT 1924 May 2 1234 4:00 - AKTT 1930 Jun 21 # Aktyubinsk Time 1235 5:00 - AKTT 1981 Apr 1 1236 5:00 1:00 AKTST 1981 Oct 1 1237 6:00 - AKTT 1982 Apr 1 1238 5:00 RussiaAsia AKT%sT 1991 1239 5:00 - AKTT 1991 Dec 16 # independence 1240 5:00 RussiaAsia AQT%sT 2005 Mar 15 # Aqtobe Time 1241 5:00 - AQTT 1242# Mangghystau 1243# Aqtau was not founded until 1963, but it represents an inhabited region, 1244# so include time stamps before 1963. 1245Zone Asia/Aqtau 3:21:04 - LMT 1924 May 2 1246 4:00 - FORT 1930 Jun 21 # Fort Shevchenko T 1247 5:00 - FORT 1963 1248 5:00 - SHET 1981 Oct 1 # Shevchenko Time 1249 6:00 - SHET 1982 Apr 1 1250 5:00 RussiaAsia SHE%sT 1991 1251 5:00 - SHET 1991 Dec 16 # independence 1252 5:00 RussiaAsia AQT%sT 1995 Mar lastSun 2:00 # Aqtau Time 1253 4:00 RussiaAsia AQT%sT 2005 Mar 15 1254 5:00 - AQTT 1255# West Kazakhstan 1256Zone Asia/Oral 3:25:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Ural'sk 1257 4:00 - URAT 1930 Jun 21 # Ural'sk time 1258 5:00 - URAT 1981 Apr 1 1259 5:00 1:00 URAST 1981 Oct 1 1260 6:00 - URAT 1982 Apr 1 1261 5:00 RussiaAsia URA%sT 1989 Mar 26 2:00 1262 4:00 RussiaAsia URA%sT 1991 1263 4:00 - URAT 1991 Dec 16 # independence 1264 4:00 RussiaAsia ORA%sT 2005 Mar 15 # Oral Time 1265 5:00 - ORAT 1266 1267# Kyrgyzstan (Kirgizstan) 1268# Transitions through 1991 are from Shanks & Pottenger. 1269 1270# From Paul Eggert (2005-08-15): 1271# According to an article dated today in the Kyrgyzstan Development Gateway 1272# <http://eng.gateway.kg/cgi-bin/page.pl?id=1&story_name=doc9979.shtml> 1273# Kyrgyzstan is canceling the daylight saving time system. I take the article 1274# to mean that they will leave their clocks at 6 hours ahead of UTC. 1275# From Malik Abdugaliev (2005-09-21): 1276# Our government cancels daylight saving time 6th of August 2005. 1277# From 2005-08-12 our GMT-offset is +6, w/o any daylight saving. 1278 1279# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1280Rule Kyrgyz 1992 1996 - Apr Sun>=7 0:00s 1:00 S 1281Rule Kyrgyz 1992 1996 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 1282Rule Kyrgyz 1997 2005 - Mar lastSun 2:30 1:00 S 1283Rule Kyrgyz 1997 2004 - Oct lastSun 2:30 0 - 1284# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1285Zone Asia/Bishkek 4:58:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 1286 5:00 - FRUT 1930 Jun 21 # Frunze Time 1287 6:00 RussiaAsia FRU%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 1288 5:00 1:00 FRUST 1991 Aug 31 2:00 # independence 1289 5:00 Kyrgyz KG%sT 2005 Aug 12 # Kyrgyzstan Time 1290 6:00 - KGT 1291 1292############################################################################### 1293 1294# Korea (North and South) 1295 1296# From Annie I. Bang (2006-07-10) in 1297# <http://www.koreaherald.co.kr/SITE/data/html_dir/2006/07/10/200607100012.asp>: 1298# The Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Energy has already 1299# commissioned a research project [to reintroduce DST] and has said 1300# the system may begin as early as 2008.... Korea ran a daylight 1301# saving program from 1949-61 but stopped it during the 1950-53 Korean War. 1302 1303# From Shanks & Pottenger: 1304# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1305Rule ROK 1960 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 D 1306Rule ROK 1960 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S 1307Rule ROK 1987 1988 - May Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 D 1308Rule ROK 1987 1988 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S 1309 1310# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1311Zone Asia/Seoul 8:27:52 - LMT 1890 1312 8:30 - KST 1904 Dec 1313 9:00 - KST 1928 1314 8:30 - KST 1932 1315 9:00 - KST 1954 Mar 21 1316 8:00 ROK K%sT 1961 Aug 10 1317 8:30 - KST 1968 Oct 1318 9:00 ROK K%sT 1319Zone Asia/Pyongyang 8:23:00 - LMT 1890 1320 8:30 - KST 1904 Dec 1321 9:00 - KST 1928 1322 8:30 - KST 1932 1323 9:00 - KST 1954 Mar 21 1324 8:00 - KST 1961 Aug 10 1325 9:00 - KST 1326 1327############################################################################### 1328 1329# Kuwait 1330# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1331# From the Arab Times (2007-03-14): 1332# The Civil Service Commission (CSC) has approved a proposal forwarded 1333# by MP Ahmad Baqer on implementing the daylight saving time (DST) in 1334# Kuwait starting from April until the end of Sept this year, reports Al-Anba. 1335# <http://www.arabtimesonline.com/arabtimes/kuwait/Viewdet.asp?ID=9950>. 1336# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-29): 1337# We don't know the details, or whether the approval means it'll happen, 1338# so for now we assume no DST. 1339Zone Asia/Kuwait 3:11:56 - LMT 1950 1340 3:00 - AST 1341 1342# Laos 1343# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1344Zone Asia/Vientiane 6:50:24 - LMT 1906 Jun 9 # or Viangchan 1345 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT? 1346 7:00 - ICT 1912 May 1347 8:00 - ICT 1931 May 1348 7:00 - ICT 1349 1350# Lebanon 1351# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1352Rule Lebanon 1920 only - Mar 28 0:00 1:00 S 1353Rule Lebanon 1920 only - Oct 25 0:00 0 - 1354Rule Lebanon 1921 only - Apr 3 0:00 1:00 S 1355Rule Lebanon 1921 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 - 1356Rule Lebanon 1922 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S 1357Rule Lebanon 1922 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 - 1358Rule Lebanon 1923 only - Apr 22 0:00 1:00 S 1359Rule Lebanon 1923 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 - 1360Rule Lebanon 1957 1961 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 1361Rule Lebanon 1957 1961 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1362Rule Lebanon 1972 only - Jun 22 0:00 1:00 S 1363Rule Lebanon 1972 1977 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1364Rule Lebanon 1973 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 1365Rule Lebanon 1978 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S 1366Rule Lebanon 1978 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 - 1367Rule Lebanon 1984 1987 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 1368Rule Lebanon 1984 1991 - Oct 16 0:00 0 - 1369Rule Lebanon 1988 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S 1370Rule Lebanon 1989 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S 1371Rule Lebanon 1990 1992 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 1372Rule Lebanon 1992 only - Oct 4 0:00 0 - 1373Rule Lebanon 1993 max - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 1374Rule Lebanon 1993 1998 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 1375Rule Lebanon 1999 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 - 1376# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1377Zone Asia/Beirut 2:22:00 - LMT 1880 1378 2:00 Lebanon EE%sT 1379 1380# Malaysia 1381# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1382Rule NBorneo 1935 1941 - Sep 14 0:00 0:20 TS # one-Third Summer 1383Rule NBorneo 1935 1941 - Dec 14 0:00 0 - 1384# 1385# peninsular Malaysia 1386# The data here are taken from Mok Ly Yng (2003-10-30) 1387# <http://www.math.nus.edu.sg/aslaksen/teaching/timezone.html>. 1388# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1389Zone Asia/Kuala_Lumpur 6:46:46 - LMT 1901 Jan 1 1390 6:55:25 - SMT 1905 Jun 1 # Singapore M.T. 1391 7:00 - MALT 1933 Jan 1 # Malaya Time 1392 7:00 0:20 MALST 1936 Jan 1 1393 7:20 - MALT 1941 Sep 1 1394 7:30 - MALT 1942 Feb 16 1395 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 12 1396 7:30 - MALT 1982 Jan 1 1397 8:00 - MYT # Malaysia Time 1398# Sabah & Sarawak 1399# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 1400# The data here are mostly from Shanks & Pottenger, but the 1942, 1945 and 1982 1401# transition dates are from Mok Ly Yng. 1402# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1403Zone Asia/Kuching 7:21:20 - LMT 1926 Mar 1404 7:30 - BORT 1933 # Borneo Time 1405 8:00 NBorneo BOR%sT 1942 Feb 16 1406 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 12 1407 8:00 - BORT 1982 Jan 1 1408 8:00 - MYT 1409 1410# Maldives 1411# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1412Zone Indian/Maldives 4:54:00 - LMT 1880 # Male 1413 4:54:00 - MMT 1960 # Male Mean Time 1414 5:00 - MVT # Maldives Time 1415 1416# Mongolia 1417 1418# Shanks & Pottenger say that Mongolia has three time zones, but 1419# usno1995 and the CIA map Standard Time Zones of the World (2005-03) 1420# both say that it has just one. 1421 1422# From Oscar van Vlijmen (1999-12-11): 1423# <a href="http://www.mongoliatourism.gov.mn/general.htm"> 1424# General Information Mongolia 1425# </a> (1999-09) 1426# "Time: Mongolia has two time zones. Three westernmost provinces of 1427# Bayan-Ulgii, Uvs, and Hovd are one hour earlier than the capital city, and 1428# the rest of the country follows the Ulaanbaatar time, which is UTC/GMT plus 1429# eight hours." 1430 1431# From Rives McDow (1999-12-13): 1432# Mongolia discontinued the use of daylight savings time in 1999; 1998 1433# being the last year it was implemented. The dates of implementation I am 1434# unsure of, but most probably it was similar to Russia, except for the time 1435# of implementation may have been different.... 1436# Some maps in the past have indicated that there was an additional time 1437# zone in the eastern part of Mongolia, including the provinces of Dornod, 1438# Suhbaatar, and possibly Khentij. 1439 1440# From Paul Eggert (1999-12-15): 1441# Naming and spelling is tricky in Mongolia. 1442# We'll use Hovd (also spelled Chovd and Khovd) to represent the west zone; 1443# the capital of the Hovd province is sometimes called Hovd, sometimes Dund-Us, 1444# and sometimes Jirgalanta (with variant spellings), but the name Hovd 1445# is good enough for our purposes. 1446 1447# From Rives McDow (2001-05-13): 1448# In addition to Mongolia starting daylight savings as reported earlier 1449# (adopted DST on 2001-04-27 02:00 local time, ending 2001-09-28), 1450# there are three time zones. 1451# 1452# Provinces [at 7:00]: Bayan-ulgii, Uvs, Khovd, Zavkhan, Govi-Altai 1453# Provinces [at 8:00]: Khovsgol, Bulgan, Arkhangai, Khentii, Tov, 1454# Bayankhongor, Ovorkhangai, Dundgovi, Dornogovi, Omnogovi 1455# Provinces [at 9:00]: Dornod, Sukhbaatar 1456# 1457# [The province of Selenge is omitted from the above lists.] 1458 1459# From Ganbold Ts., Ulaanbaatar (2004-04-17): 1460# Daylight saving occurs at 02:00 local time last Saturday of March. 1461# It will change back to normal at 02:00 local time last Saturday of 1462# September.... As I remember this rule was changed in 2001. 1463# 1464# From Paul Eggert (2004-04-17): 1465# For now, assume Rives McDow's informant got confused about Friday vs 1466# Saturday, and that his 2001 dates should have 1 added to them. 1467 1468# From Paul Eggert (2005-07-26): 1469# We have wildly conflicting information about Mongolia's time zones. 1470# Bill Bonnet (2005-05-19) reports that the US Embassy in Ulaanbaatar says 1471# there is only one time zone and that DST is observed, citing Microsoft 1472# Windows XP as the source. Risto Nykanen (2005-05-16) reports that 1473# travelmongolia.org says there are two time zones (UTC+7, UTC+8) with no DST. 1474# Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-05-20) reports that the Mongolian Embassy in 1475# Washington, DC says there are two time zones, with DST observed. 1476# He also found 1477# <http://ubpost.mongolnews.mn/index.php?subaction=showcomments&id=1111634894&archive=&start_from=&ucat=1&> 1478# which also says that there is DST, and which has a comment by "Toddius" 1479# (2005-03-31 06:05 +0700) saying "Mongolia actually has 3.5 time zones. 1480# The West (OLGII) is +7 GMT, most of the country is ULAT is +8 GMT 1481# and some Eastern provinces are +9 GMT but Sukhbaatar Aimag is SUHK +8.5 GMT. 1482# The SUKH timezone is new this year, it is one of the few things the 1483# parliament passed during the tumultuous winter session." 1484# For now, let's ignore this information, until we have more confirmation. 1485 1486# From Ganbold Ts. (2007-02-26): 1487# Parliament of Mongolia has just changed the daylight-saving rule in February. 1488# They decided not to adopt daylight-saving time.... 1489# http://www.mongolnews.mn/index.php?module=unuudur&sec=view&id=15742 1490 1491# From Deborah Goldsmith (2008-03-30): 1492# We received a bug report claiming that the tz database UTC offset for 1493# Asia/Choibalsan (GMT+09:00) is incorrect, and that it should be GMT 1494# +08:00 instead. Different sources appear to disagree with the tz 1495# database on this, e.g.: 1496# 1497# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/city.html?n=1026"> 1498# http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/city.html?n=1026 1499# </a> 1500# <a href="http://www.worldtimeserver.com/current_time_in_MN.aspx"> 1501# http://www.worldtimeserver.com/current_time_in_MN.aspx 1502# </a> 1503# 1504# both say GMT+08:00. 1505 1506# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-03-31): 1507# eznis airways, which operates several domestic flights, has a flight 1508# schedule here: 1509# <a href="http://www.eznis.com/Container.jsp?id=112"> 1510# http://www.eznis.com/Container.jsp?id=112 1511# </a> 1512# (click the English flag for English) 1513# 1514# There it appears that flights between Choibalsan and Ulaanbatar arrive 1515# about 1:35 - 1:50 hours later in local clock time, no matter the 1516# direction, while Ulaanbaatar-Khvod takes 2 hours in the Eastern 1517# direction and 3:35 back, which indicates that Ulaanbatar and Khvod are 1518# in different time zones (like we know about), while Choibalsan and 1519# Ulaanbatar are in the same time zone (correction needed). 1520 1521# From Arthur David Olson (2008-05-19): 1522# Assume that Choibalsan is indeed offset by 8:00. 1523# XXX--in the absence of better information, assume that transition 1524# was at the start of 2008-03-31 (the day of Steffen Thorsen's report); 1525# this is almost surely wrong. 1526 1527# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1528Rule Mongol 1983 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 1529Rule Mongol 1983 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1530# Shanks & Pottenger and IATA SSIM say 1990s switches occurred at 00:00, 1531# but McDow says the 2001 switches occurred at 02:00. Also, IATA SSIM 1532# (1996-09) says 1996-10-25. Go with Shanks & Pottenger through 1998. 1533# 1534# Shanks & Pottenger say that the Sept. 1984 through Sept. 1990 switches 1535# in Choibalsan (more precisely, in Dornod and Sukhbaatar) took place 1536# at 02:00 standard time, not at 00:00 local time as in the rest of 1537# the country. That would be odd, and possibly is a result of their 1538# correction of 02:00 (in the previous edition) not being done correctly 1539# in the latest edition; so ignore it for now. 1540 1541Rule Mongol 1985 1998 - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 1542Rule Mongol 1984 1998 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 1543# IATA SSIM (1999-09) says Mongolia no longer observes DST. 1544Rule Mongol 2001 only - Apr lastSat 2:00 1:00 S 1545Rule Mongol 2001 2006 - Sep lastSat 2:00 0 - 1546Rule Mongol 2002 2006 - Mar lastSat 2:00 1:00 S 1547 1548# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1549# Hovd, a.k.a. Chovd, Dund-Us, Dzhargalant, Khovd, Jirgalanta 1550Zone Asia/Hovd 6:06:36 - LMT 1905 Aug 1551 6:00 - HOVT 1978 # Hovd Time 1552 7:00 Mongol HOV%sT 1553# Ulaanbaatar, a.k.a. Ulan Bataar, Ulan Bator, Urga 1554Zone Asia/Ulaanbaatar 7:07:32 - LMT 1905 Aug 1555 7:00 - ULAT 1978 # Ulaanbaatar Time 1556 8:00 Mongol ULA%sT 1557# Choibalsan, a.k.a. Bajan Tuemen, Bajan Tumen, Chojbalsan, 1558# Choybalsan, Sanbejse, Tchoibalsan 1559Zone Asia/Choibalsan 7:38:00 - LMT 1905 Aug 1560 7:00 - ULAT 1978 1561 8:00 - ULAT 1983 Apr 1562 9:00 Mongol CHO%sT 2008 Mar 31 # Choibalsan Time 1563 8:00 Mongol CHO%sT 1564 1565# Nepal 1566# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1567Zone Asia/Kathmandu 5:41:16 - LMT 1920 1568 5:30 - IST 1986 1569 5:45 - NPT # Nepal Time 1570 1571# Oman 1572# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1573Zone Asia/Muscat 3:54:20 - LMT 1920 1574 4:00 - GST 1575 1576# Pakistan 1577 1578# From Rives McDow (2002-03-13): 1579# I have been advised that Pakistan has decided to adopt dst on a 1580# TRIAL basis for one year, starting 00:01 local time on April 7, 2002 1581# and ending at 00:01 local time October 6, 2002. This is what I was 1582# told, but I believe that the actual time of change may be 00:00; the 1583# 00:01 was to make it clear which day it was on. 1584 1585# From Paul Eggert (2002-03-15): 1586# Jesper Norgaard found this URL: 1587# http://www.pak.gov.pk/public/news/app/app06_dec.htm 1588# (dated 2001-12-06) which says that the Cabinet adopted a scheme "to 1589# advance the clocks by one hour on the night between the first 1590# Saturday and Sunday of April and revert to the original position on 1591# 15th October each year". This agrees with McDow's 04-07 at 00:00, 1592# but disagrees about the October transition, and makes it sound like 1593# it's not on a trial basis. Also, the "between the first Saturday 1594# and Sunday of April" phrase, if taken literally, means that the 1595# transition takes place at 00:00 on the first Sunday on or after 04-02. 1596 1597# From Paul Eggert (2003-02-09): 1598# DAWN <http://www.dawn.com/2002/10/06/top13.htm> reported on 2002-10-05 1599# that 2002 DST ended that day at midnight. Go with McDow for now. 1600 1601# From Steffen Thorsen (2003-03-14): 1602# According to http://www.dawn.com/2003/03/07/top15.htm 1603# there will be no DST in Pakistan this year: 1604# 1605# ISLAMABAD, March 6: Information and Media Development Minister Sheikh 1606# Rashid Ahmed on Thursday said the cabinet had reversed a previous 1607# decision to advance clocks by one hour in summer and put them back by 1608# one hour in winter with the aim of saving light hours and energy. 1609# 1610# The minister told a news conference that the experiment had rather 1611# shown 8 per cent higher consumption of electricity. 1612 1613# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-15): 1614# 1615# Here is an article that Pakistan plan to introduce Daylight Saving Time 1616# on June 1, 2008 for 3 months. 1617# 1618# "... The federal cabinet on Wednesday announced a new conservation plan to help 1619# reduce load shedding by approving the closure of commercial centres at 9pm and 1620# moving clocks forward by one hour for the next three months. 1621# ...." 1622# 1623# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.net/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan01.html"> 1624# http://www.worldtimezone.net/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan01.html 1625# </a> 1626# OR 1627# <a href="http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2008%5C05%5C15%5Cstory_15-5-2008_pg1_4"> 1628# http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2008%5C05%5C15%5Cstory_15-5-2008_pg1_4 1629# </a> 1630 1631# From Arthur David Olson (2008-05-19): 1632# XXX--midnight transitions is a guess; 2008 only is a guess. 1633 1634# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2008-08-28): 1635# Pakistan government has decided to keep the watches one-hour advanced 1636# for another 2 months--plan to return to Standard Time on October 31 1637# instead of August 31. 1638# 1639# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan02.html"> 1640# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan02.html 1641# </a> 1642# OR 1643# <a href="http://dailymailnews.com/200808/28/news/dmbrn03.html"> 1644# http://dailymailnews.com/200808/28/news/dmbrn03.html 1645# </a> 1646 1647# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-04-08): 1648# Based on previous media reports that "... proposed plan to 1649# advance clocks by one hour from May 1 will cause disturbance 1650# to the working schedules rather than bringing discipline in 1651# official working." 1652# <a href="http://www.thenews.com.pk/daily_detail.asp?id=171280"> 1653# http://www.thenews.com.pk/daily_detail.asp?id=171280 1654# </a> 1655# 1656# recent news that instead of May 2009 - Pakistan plan to 1657# introduce DST from April 15, 2009 1658# 1659# FYI: Associated Press Of Pakistan 1660# April 08, 2009 1661# Cabinet okays proposal to advance clocks by one hour from April 15 1662# <a href="http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=73043&Itemid=1"> 1663# http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=73043&Itemid=1 1664# </a> 1665# 1666# or 1667# 1668# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan05.html"> 1669# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan05.html 1670# </a> 1671# 1672# .... 1673# The Federal Cabinet on Wednesday approved the proposal to 1674# advance clocks in the country by one hour from April 15 to 1675# conserve energy" 1676 1677# From Arthur David Olson (2009-04-10): 1678# Assume for now that Pakistan will end DST in 2009 as it did in 2008. 1679 1680# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1681Rule Pakistan 2002 only - Apr Sun>=2 0:01 1:00 S 1682Rule Pakistan 2002 only - Oct Sun>=2 0:01 0 - 1683Rule Pakistan 2008 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S 1684Rule Pakistan 2008 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 1685Rule Pakistan 2009 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 S 1686Rule Pakistan 2009 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 1687# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1688Zone Asia/Karachi 4:28:12 - LMT 1907 1689 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep 1690 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 15 1691 5:30 - IST 1951 Sep 30 1692 5:00 - KART 1971 Mar 26 # Karachi Time 1693 5:00 Pakistan PK%sT # Pakistan Time 1694 1695# Palestine 1696 1697# From Amos Shapir (1998-02-15): 1698# 1699# From 1917 until 1948-05-15, all of Palestine, including the parts now 1700# known as the Gaza Strip and the West Bank, was under British rule. 1701# Therefore the rules given for Israel for that period, apply there too... 1702# 1703# The Gaza Strip was under Egyptian rule between 1948-05-15 until 1967-06-05 1704# (except a short occupation by Israel from 1956-11 till 1957-03, but no 1705# time zone was affected then). It was never formally annexed to Egypt, 1706# though. 1707# 1708# The rest of Palestine was under Jordanian rule at that time, formally 1709# annexed in 1950 as the West Bank (and the word "Trans" was dropped from 1710# the country's previous name of "the Hashemite Kingdom of the 1711# Trans-Jordan"). So the rules for Jordan for that time apply. Major 1712# towns in that area are Nablus (Shchem), El-Halil (Hebron), Ramallah, and 1713# East Jerusalem. 1714# 1715# Both areas were occupied by Israel in June 1967, but not annexed (except 1716# for East Jerusalem). They were on Israel time since then; there might 1717# have been a Military Governor's order about time zones, but I'm not aware 1718# of any (such orders may have been issued semi-annually whenever summer 1719# time was in effect, but maybe the legal aspect of time was just neglected). 1720# 1721# The Palestinian Authority was established in 1993, and got hold of most 1722# towns in the West Bank and Gaza by 1995. I know that in order to 1723# demonstrate...independence, they have been switching to 1724# summer time and back on a different schedule than Israel's, but I don't 1725# know when this was started, or what algorithm is used (most likely the 1726# Jordanian one). 1727# 1728# To summarize, the table should probably look something like that: 1729# 1730# Area \ when | 1918-1947 | 1948-1967 | 1967-1995 | 1996- 1731# ------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+----------- 1732# Israel | Zion | Zion | Zion | Zion 1733# West bank | Zion | Jordan | Zion | Jordan 1734# Gaza | Zion | Egypt | Zion | Jordan 1735# 1736# I guess more info may be available from the PA's web page (if/when they 1737# have one). 1738 1739# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 1740# Shanks & Pottenger write that Gaza did not observe DST until 1957, but go 1741# with Shapir and assume that it observed DST from 1940 through 1947, 1742# and that it used Jordanian rules starting in 1996. 1743# We don't yet need a separate entry for the West Bank, since 1744# the only differences between it and Gaza that we know about 1745# occurred before our cutoff date of 1970. 1746# However, as we get more information, we may need to add entries 1747# for parts of the West Bank as they transitioned from Israel's rules 1748# to Palestine's rules. If you have more info about this, please 1749# send it to tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for incorporation into future editions. 1750 1751# From IINS News Service - Israel - 1998-03-23 10:38:07 Israel time, 1752# forwarded by Ephraim Silverberg: 1753# 1754# Despite the fact that Israel changed over to daylight savings time 1755# last week, the PLO Authority (PA) has decided not to turn its clocks 1756# one-hour forward at this time. As a sign of independence from Israeli rule, 1757# the PA has decided to implement DST in April. 1758 1759# From Paul Eggert (1999-09-20): 1760# Daoud Kuttab writes in 1761# <a href="http://www.jpost.com/com/Archive/22.Apr.1999/Opinion/Article-2.html"> 1762# Holiday havoc 1763# </a> (Jerusalem Post, 1999-04-22) that 1764# the Palestinian National Authority changed to DST on 1999-04-15. 1765# I vaguely recall that they switch back in October (sorry, forgot the source). 1766# For now, let's assume that the spring switch was at 24:00, 1767# and that they switch at 0:00 on the 3rd Fridays of April and October. 1768 1769# From Paul Eggert (2005-11-22): 1770# Starting 2004 transitions are from Steffen Thorsen's web site timeanddate.com. 1771 1772# From Steffen Thorsen (2005-11-23): 1773# A user from Gaza reported that Gaza made the change early because of 1774# the Ramadan. Next year Ramadan will be even earlier, so I think 1775# there is a good chance next year's end date will be around two weeks 1776# earlier--the same goes for Jordan. 1777 1778# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-08-17): 1779# I was informed by a user in Bethlehem that in Bethlehem it started the 1780# same day as Israel, and after checking with other users in the area, I 1781# was informed that they started DST one day after Israel. I was not 1782# able to find any authoritative sources at the time, nor details if 1783# Gaza changed as well, but presumed Gaza to follow the same rules as 1784# the West Bank. 1785 1786# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-09-26): 1787# according to the Palestine News Network (2006-09-19): 1788# http://english.pnn.ps/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=596&Itemid=5 1789# > The Council of Ministers announced that this year its winter schedule 1790# > will begin early, as of midnight Thursday. It is also time to turn 1791# > back the clocks for winter. Friday will begin an hour late this week. 1792# I guess it is likely that next year's date will be moved as well, 1793# because of the Ramadan. 1794 1795# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2007-09-18): 1796# According to Steffen Thorsen's web site the Gaza Strip and the rest of the 1797# Palestinian territories left DST early on 13.th. of September at 2:00. 1798 1799# From Paul Eggert (2007-09-20): 1800# My understanding is that Gaza and the West Bank disagree even over when 1801# the weekend is (Thursday+Friday versus Friday+Saturday), so I'd be a bit 1802# surprised if they agreed about DST. But for now, assume they agree. 1803# For lack of better information, predict that future changes will be 1804# the 2nd Thursday of September at 02:00. 1805 1806# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2008-08-28): 1807# Here is an article, that Mideast running on different clocks at Ramadan. 1808# 1809# Gaza Strip (as Egypt) ended DST at midnight Thursday (Aug 28, 2008), while 1810# the West Bank will end Daylight Saving Time at midnight Sunday (Aug 31, 2008). 1811# 1812# <a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/feedarticle/7759001"> 1813# http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/feedarticle/7759001 1814# </a> 1815# <a href="http://www.abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory?id=5676087"> 1816# http://www.abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory?id=5676087 1817# </a> 1818# or 1819# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip01.html"> 1820# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip01.html 1821# </a> 1822 1823# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-26): 1824# According to the Palestine News Network (arabic.pnn.ps), Palestinian 1825# government decided to start Daylight Time on Thursday night March 1826# 26 and continue until the night of 27 September 2009. 1827# 1828# (in Arabic) 1829# <a href="http://arabic.pnn.ps/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=50850"> 1830# http://arabic.pnn.ps/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=50850 1831# </a> 1832# 1833# or 1834# (English translation) 1835# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_westbank01.html"> 1836# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_westbank01.html 1837# </a> 1838
| 3# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of 4# 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson. 5 6# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better, 7# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to 8# tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future). 9 10# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 11# 12# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is 13# Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition), 14# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003). 15# 16# Gwillim Law writes that a good source 17# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport 18# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM), 19# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries 20# of the IATA's data after 1990. 21# 22# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks & Pottenger is the source for 23# entries through 1990, and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards. 24# 25# Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences, 26# Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which 27# I found in the UCLA library. 28# 29# A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is 30# Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997). 31# 32# I invented the abbreviations marked `*' in the following table; 33# the rest are from earlier versions of this file, or from other sources. 34# Corrections are welcome! 35# std dst 36# LMT Local Mean Time 37# 2:00 EET EEST Eastern European Time 38# 2:00 IST IDT Israel 39# 3:00 AST ADT Arabia* 40# 3:30 IRST IRDT Iran 41# 4:00 GST Gulf* 42# 5:30 IST India 43# 7:00 ICT Indochina* 44# 7:00 WIT west Indonesia 45# 8:00 CIT central Indonesia 46# 8:00 CST China 47# 9:00 CJT Central Japanese Time (1896/1937)* 48# 9:00 EIT east Indonesia 49# 9:00 JST JDT Japan 50# 9:00 KST KDT Korea 51# 9:30 CST (Australian) Central Standard Time 52# 53# See the `europe' file for Russia and Turkey in Asia. 54 55# From Guy Harris: 56# Incorporates data for Singapore from Robert Elz' asia 1.1, as well as 57# additional information from Tom Yap, Sun Microsystems Intercontinental 58# Technical Support (including a page from the Official Airline Guide - 59# Worldwide Edition). The names for time zones are guesses. 60 61############################################################################### 62 63# These rules are stolen from the `europe' file. 64# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 65Rule EUAsia 1981 max - Mar lastSun 1:00u 1:00 S 66Rule EUAsia 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 1:00u 0 - 67Rule EUAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u 0 - 68Rule E-EurAsia 1981 max - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 69Rule E-EurAsia 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 70Rule E-EurAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 - 71Rule RussiaAsia 1981 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 72Rule RussiaAsia 1981 1983 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 73Rule RussiaAsia 1984 1991 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - 74Rule RussiaAsia 1985 1991 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S 75Rule RussiaAsia 1992 only - Mar lastSat 23:00 1:00 S 76Rule RussiaAsia 1992 only - Sep lastSat 23:00 0 - 77Rule RussiaAsia 1993 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S 78Rule RussiaAsia 1993 1995 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - 79Rule RussiaAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 - 80 81# Afghanistan 82# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 83Zone Asia/Kabul 4:36:48 - LMT 1890 84 4:00 - AFT 1945 85 4:30 - AFT 86 87# Armenia 88# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 89# Shanks & Pottenger have Yerevan switching to 3:00 (with Russian DST) 90# in spring 1991, then to 4:00 with no DST in fall 1995, then 91# readopting Russian DST in 1997. Go with Shanks & Pottenger, even 92# when they disagree with others. Edgar Der-Danieliantz 93# reported (1996-05-04) that Yerevan probably wouldn't use DST 94# in 1996, though it did use DST in 1995. IATA SSIM (1991/1998) reports that 95# Armenia switched from 3:00 to 4:00 in 1998 and observed DST after 1991, 96# but started switching at 3:00s in 1998. 97# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 98Zone Asia/Yerevan 2:58:00 - LMT 1924 May 2 99 3:00 - YERT 1957 Mar # Yerevan Time 100 4:00 RussiaAsia YER%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 101 3:00 1:00 YERST 1991 Sep 23 # independence 102 3:00 RussiaAsia AM%sT 1995 Sep 24 2:00s 103 4:00 - AMT 1997 104 4:00 RussiaAsia AM%sT 105 106# Azerbaijan 107# From Rustam Aliyev of the Azerbaijan Internet Forum (2005-10-23): 108# According to the resolution of Cabinet of Ministers, 1997 109# Resolution available at: http://aif.az/docs/daylight_res.pdf 110# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 111Rule Azer 1997 max - Mar lastSun 4:00 1:00 S 112Rule Azer 1997 max - Oct lastSun 5:00 0 - 113# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 114Zone Asia/Baku 3:19:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 115 3:00 - BAKT 1957 Mar # Baku Time 116 4:00 RussiaAsia BAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 117 3:00 1:00 BAKST 1991 Aug 30 # independence 118 3:00 RussiaAsia AZ%sT 1992 Sep lastSat 23:00 119 4:00 - AZT 1996 # Azerbaijan time 120 4:00 EUAsia AZ%sT 1997 121 4:00 Azer AZ%sT 122 123# Bahrain 124# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 125Zone Asia/Bahrain 3:22:20 - LMT 1920 # Al Manamah 126 4:00 - GST 1972 Jun 127 3:00 - AST 128 129# Bangladesh 130# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-05-13): 131# According to newspaper Asian Tribune (May 6, 2009) Bangladesh may introduce 132# Daylight Saving Time from June 16 to Sept 30 133# 134# Bangladesh to introduce daylight saving time likely from June 16 135# <a href="http://www.asiantribune.com/?q=node/17288"> 136# http://www.asiantribune.com/?q=node/17288 137# </a> 138# or 139# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh02.html"> 140# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh02.html 141# </a> 142# 143# "... Bangladesh government has decided to switch daylight saving time from 144# June 145# 16 till September 30 in a bid to ensure maximum use of daylight to cope with 146# crippling power crisis. " 147# 148# The switch will remain in effect from June 16 to Sept 30 (2009) but if 149# implemented the next year, it will come in force from April 1, 2010 150 151# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-06-02): 152# They have finally decided now, but changed the start date to midnight between 153# the 19th and 20th, and they have not set the end date yet. 154# 155# Some sources: 156# <a href="http://in.reuters.com/article/southAsiaNews/idINIndia-40017620090601"> 157# http://in.reuters.com/article/southAsiaNews/idINIndia-40017620090601 158# </a> 159# <a href="http://bdnews24.com/details.php?id=85889&cid=2"> 160# http://bdnews24.com/details.php?id=85889&cid=2 161# </a> 162# 163# Our wrap-up: 164# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/bangladesh-daylight-saving-2009.html"> 165# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/bangladesh-daylight-saving-2009.html 166# </a> 167 168# From A. N. M. Kamrus Saadat (2009-06-15): 169# Finally we've got the official mail regarding DST start time where DST start 170# time is mentioned as Jun 19 2009, 23:00 from BTRC (Bangladesh 171# Telecommunication Regulatory Commission). 172# 173# No DST end date has been announced yet. 174 175# From Arthur David Olson (2009-07-11): 176# Arbitrarily end DST at the end of 2009 so that a POSIX-sytle time zone string 177# can appear in the Dhaka binary file and for the benefit of old glibc 178# reimplementations of the time zone software that mishandle permanent DST. 179# A change will be required once the end date is known. 180 181# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 182Zone Asia/Dhaka 6:01:40 - LMT 1890 183 5:53:20 - HMT 1941 Oct # Howrah Mean Time? 184 6:30 - BURT 1942 May 15 # Burma Time 185 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep 186 6:30 - BURT 1951 Sep 30 187 6:00 - DACT 1971 Mar 26 # Dacca Time 188 6:00 - BDT 2009 Jun 19 23:00 # Bangladesh Time 189 6:00 1:00 BDST 2010 190 6:00 - BDT 191 192# Bhutan 193# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 194Zone Asia/Thimphu 5:58:36 - LMT 1947 Aug 15 # or Thimbu 195 5:30 - IST 1987 Oct 196 6:00 - BTT # Bhutan Time 197 198# British Indian Ocean Territory 199# Whitman and the 1995 CIA time zone map say 5:00, but the 200# 1997 and later maps say 6:00. Assume the switch occurred in 1996. 201# We have no information as to when standard time was introduced; 202# assume it occurred in 1907, the same year as Mauritius (which 203# then contained the Chagos Archipelago). 204# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 205Zone Indian/Chagos 4:49:40 - LMT 1907 206 5:00 - IOT 1996 # BIOT Time 207 6:00 - IOT 208 209# Brunei 210# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 211Zone Asia/Brunei 7:39:40 - LMT 1926 Mar # Bandar Seri Begawan 212 7:30 - BNT 1933 213 8:00 - BNT 214 215# Burma / Myanmar 216# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 217Zone Asia/Rangoon 6:24:40 - LMT 1880 # or Yangon 218 6:24:36 - RMT 1920 # Rangoon Mean Time? 219 6:30 - BURT 1942 May # Burma Time 220 9:00 - JST 1945 May 3 221 6:30 - MMT # Myanmar Time 222 223# Cambodia 224# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 225Zone Asia/Phnom_Penh 6:59:40 - LMT 1906 Jun 9 226 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT? 227 7:00 - ICT 1912 May 228 8:00 - ICT 1931 May 229 7:00 - ICT 230 231# China 232 233# From Guy Harris: 234# People's Republic of China. Yes, they really have only one time zone. 235 236# From Bob Devine (1988-01-28): 237# No they don't. See TIME mag, 1986-02-17 p.52. Even though 238# China is across 4 physical time zones, before Feb 1, 1986 only the 239# Peking (Bejing) time zone was recognized. Since that date, China 240# has two of 'em -- Peking's and Urumqi (named after the capital of 241# the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region). I don't know about DST for it. 242# 243# . . .I just deleted the DST table and this editor makes it too 244# painful to suck in another copy.. So, here is what I have for 245# DST start/end dates for Peking's time zone (info from AP): 246# 247# 1986 May 4 - Sept 14 248# 1987 mid-April - ?? 249 250# From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19): 251# CHINA 8 H AHEAD OF UTC ALL OF CHINA, INCL TAIWAN 252# CHINA 9 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 17 - SEP 10 253 254# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 255# Shanks & Pottenger write that China (except for Hong Kong and Macau) 256# has had a single time zone since 1980 May 1, observing summer DST 257# from 1986 through 1991; this contradicts Devine's 258# note about Time magazine, though apparently _something_ happened in 1986. 259# Go with Shanks & Pottenger for now. I made up names for the other 260# pre-1980 time zones. 261 262# From Shanks & Pottenger: 263# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 264Rule Shang 1940 only - Jun 3 0:00 1:00 D 265Rule Shang 1940 1941 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 266Rule Shang 1941 only - Mar 16 0:00 1:00 D 267Rule PRC 1986 only - May 4 0:00 1:00 D 268Rule PRC 1986 1991 - Sep Sun>=11 0:00 0 S 269Rule PRC 1987 1991 - Apr Sun>=10 0:00 1:00 D 270 271# From Anthony Fok (2001-12-20): 272# BTW, I did some research on-line and found some info regarding these five 273# historic timezones from some Taiwan websites. And yes, there are official 274# Chinese names for these locales (before 1949). 275# 276# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-07-14): 277# I have investigated the timezones around 1970 on the 278# http://www.astro.com/atlas site [with provinces and county 279# boundaries summarized below].... A few other exceptions were two 280# counties on the Sichuan side of the Xizang-Sichuan border, 281# counties Dege and Baiyu which lies on the Sichuan side and are 282# therefore supposed to be GMT+7, Xizang region being GMT+6, but Dege 283# county is GMT+8 according to astro.com while Baiyu county is GMT+6 284# (could be true), for the moment I am assuming that those two 285# counties are mistakes in the astro.com data. 286 287# From Paul Eggert (2008-02-11): 288# I just now checked Google News for western news sources that talk 289# about China's single time zone, and couldn't find anything before 1986 290# talking about China being in one time zone. (That article was: Jim 291# Mann, "A clumsy embrace for another western custom: China on daylight 292# time--sort of", Los Angeles Times, 1986-05-05. By the way, this 293# article confirms the tz database's data claiming that China began 294# observing daylight saving time in 1986. 295# 296# From Thomas S. Mullaney (2008-02-11): 297# I think you're combining two subjects that need to treated 298# separately: daylight savings (which, you're correct, wasn't 299# implemented until the 1980s) and the unified time zone centered near 300# Beijing (which was implemented in 1949). Briefly, there was also a 301# "Lhasa Time" in Tibet and "Urumqi Time" in Xinjiang. The first was 302# ceased, and the second eventually recognized (again, in the 1980s). 303# 304# From Paul Eggert (2008-06-30): 305# There seems to be a good chance China switched to a single time zone in 1949 306# rather than in 1980 as Shanks & Pottenger have it, but we don't have a 307# reliable documentary source saying so yet, so for now we still go with 308# Shanks & Pottenger. 309 310# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 311# Changbai Time ("Long-white Time", Long-white = Heilongjiang area) 312# Heilongjiang (except Mohe county), Jilin 313Zone Asia/Harbin 8:26:44 - LMT 1928 # or Haerbin 314 8:30 - CHAT 1932 Mar # Changbai Time 315 8:00 - CST 1940 316 9:00 - CHAT 1966 May 317 8:30 - CHAT 1980 May 318 8:00 PRC C%sT 319# Zhongyuan Time ("Central plain Time") 320# most of China 321Zone Asia/Shanghai 8:05:52 - LMT 1928 322 8:00 Shang C%sT 1949 323 8:00 PRC C%sT 324# Long-shu Time (probably due to Long and Shu being two names of that area) 325# Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Ningxia, Sichuan, Shaanxi, and Yunnan; 326# most of Gansu; west Inner Mongolia; west Qinghai; and the Guangdong 327# counties Deqing, Enping, Kaiping, Luoding, Taishan, Xinxing, 328# Yangchun, Yangjiang, Yu'nan, and Yunfu. 329Zone Asia/Chongqing 7:06:20 - LMT 1928 # or Chungking 330 7:00 - LONT 1980 May # Long-shu Time 331 8:00 PRC C%sT 332# Xin-zang Time ("Xinjiang-Tibet Time") 333# The Gansu counties Aksay, Anxi, Dunhuang, Subei; west Qinghai; 334# the Guangdong counties Xuwen, Haikang, Suixi, Lianjiang, 335# Zhanjiang, Wuchuan, Huazhou, Gaozhou, Maoming, Dianbai, and Xinyi; 336# east Tibet, including Lhasa, Chamdo, Shigaise, Jimsar, Shawan and Hutubi; 337# east Xinjiang, including Urumqi, Turpan, Karamay, Korla, Minfeng, Jinghe, 338# Wusu, Qiemo, Xinyan, Wulanwusu, Jinghe, Yumin, Tacheng, Tuoli, Emin, 339# Shihezi, Changji, Yanqi, Heshuo, Tuokexun, Tulufan, Shanshan, Hami, 340# Fukang, Kuitun, Kumukuli, Miquan, Qitai, and Turfan. 341Zone Asia/Urumqi 5:50:20 - LMT 1928 # or Urumchi 342 6:00 - URUT 1980 May # Urumqi Time 343 8:00 PRC C%sT 344# Kunlun Time 345# West Tibet, including Pulan, Aheqi, Shufu, Shule; 346# West Xinjiang, including Aksu, Atushi, Yining, Hetian, Cele, Luopu, Nileke, 347# Zhaosu, Tekesi, Gongliu, Chabuchaer, Huocheng, Bole, Pishan, Suiding, 348# and Yarkand. 349Zone Asia/Kashgar 5:03:56 - LMT 1928 # or Kashi or Kaxgar 350 5:30 - KAST 1940 # Kashgar Time 351 5:00 - KAST 1980 May 352 8:00 PRC C%sT 353 354# Hong Kong (Xianggang) 355# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 356Rule HK 1946 only - Apr 20 3:30 1:00 S 357Rule HK 1946 only - Dec 1 3:30 0 - 358Rule HK 1947 only - Apr 13 3:30 1:00 S 359Rule HK 1947 only - Dec 30 3:30 0 - 360Rule HK 1948 only - May 2 3:30 1:00 S 361Rule HK 1948 1952 - Oct lastSun 3:30 0 - 362Rule HK 1949 1953 - Apr Sun>=1 3:30 1:00 S 363Rule HK 1953 only - Nov 1 3:30 0 - 364Rule HK 1954 1964 - Mar Sun>=18 3:30 1:00 S 365Rule HK 1954 only - Oct 31 3:30 0 - 366Rule HK 1955 1964 - Nov Sun>=1 3:30 0 - 367Rule HK 1965 1977 - Apr Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 368Rule HK 1965 1977 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 - 369Rule HK 1979 1980 - May Sun>=8 3:30 1:00 S 370Rule HK 1979 1980 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 - 371# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 372Zone Asia/Hong_Kong 7:36:36 - LMT 1904 Oct 30 373 8:00 HK HK%sT 374 375 376############################################################################### 377 378# Taiwan 379 380# Shanks & Pottenger write that Taiwan observed DST during 1945, when it 381# was still controlled by Japan. This is hard to believe, but we don't 382# have any other information. 383 384# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 385Rule Taiwan 1945 1951 - May 1 0:00 1:00 D 386Rule Taiwan 1945 1951 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 387Rule Taiwan 1952 only - Mar 1 0:00 1:00 D 388Rule Taiwan 1952 1954 - Nov 1 0:00 0 S 389Rule Taiwan 1953 1959 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 390Rule Taiwan 1955 1961 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 391Rule Taiwan 1960 1961 - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D 392Rule Taiwan 1974 1975 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 393Rule Taiwan 1974 1975 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 394Rule Taiwan 1980 only - Jun 30 0:00 1:00 D 395Rule Taiwan 1980 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 S 396# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 397Zone Asia/Taipei 8:06:00 - LMT 1896 # or Taibei or T'ai-pei 398 8:00 Taiwan C%sT 399 400# Macau (Macao, Aomen) 401# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 402Rule Macau 1961 1962 - Mar Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 403Rule Macau 1961 1964 - Nov Sun>=1 3:30 0 - 404Rule Macau 1963 only - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 S 405Rule Macau 1964 only - Mar Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 406Rule Macau 1965 only - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 S 407Rule Macau 1965 only - Oct 31 0:00 0 - 408Rule Macau 1966 1971 - Apr Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 409Rule Macau 1966 1971 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 - 410Rule Macau 1972 1974 - Apr Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S 411Rule Macau 1972 1973 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 0 - 412Rule Macau 1974 1977 - Oct Sun>=15 3:30 0 - 413Rule Macau 1975 1977 - Apr Sun>=15 3:30 1:00 S 414Rule Macau 1978 1980 - Apr Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S 415Rule Macau 1978 1980 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 0 - 416# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 417Zone Asia/Macau 7:34:20 - LMT 1912 418 8:00 Macau MO%sT 1999 Dec 20 # return to China 419 8:00 PRC C%sT 420 421 422############################################################################### 423 424# Cyprus 425# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 426Rule Cyprus 1975 only - Apr 13 0:00 1:00 S 427Rule Cyprus 1975 only - Oct 12 0:00 0 - 428Rule Cyprus 1976 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 S 429Rule Cyprus 1976 only - Oct 11 0:00 0 - 430Rule Cyprus 1977 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S 431Rule Cyprus 1977 only - Sep 25 0:00 0 - 432Rule Cyprus 1978 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 - 433Rule Cyprus 1979 1997 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 434Rule Cyprus 1981 1998 - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 435# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 436Zone Asia/Nicosia 2:13:28 - LMT 1921 Nov 14 437 2:00 Cyprus EE%sT 1998 Sep 438 2:00 EUAsia EE%sT 439# IATA SSIM (1998-09) has Cyprus using EU rules for the first time. 440 441# Classically, Cyprus belongs to Asia; e.g. see Herodotus, Histories, I.72. 442# However, for various reasons many users expect to find it under Europe. 443Link Asia/Nicosia Europe/Nicosia 444 445# Georgia 446# From Paul Eggert (1994-11-19): 447# Today's _Economist_ (p 60) reports that Georgia moved its clocks forward 448# an hour recently, due to a law proposed by Zurab Murvanidze, 449# an MP who went on a hunger strike for 11 days to force discussion about it! 450# We have no details, but we'll guess they didn't move the clocks back in fall. 451# 452# From Mathew Englander, quoting AP (1996-10-23 13:05-04): 453# Instead of putting back clocks at the end of October, Georgia 454# will stay on daylight savings time this winter to save energy, 455# President Eduard Shevardnadze decreed Wednesday. 456# 457# From the BBC via Joseph S. Myers (2004-06-27): 458# 459# Georgia moved closer to Western Europe on Sunday... The former Soviet 460# republic has changed its time zone back to that of Moscow. As a result it 461# is now just four hours ahead of Greenwich Mean Time, rather than five hours 462# ahead. The switch was decreed by the pro-Western president of Georgia, 463# Mikhail Saakashvili, who said the change was partly prompted by the process 464# of integration into Europe. 465 466# From Teimuraz Abashidze (2005-11-07): 467# Government of Georgia ... decided to NOT CHANGE daylight savings time on 468# [Oct.] 30, as it was done before during last more than 10 years. 469# Currently, we are in fact GMT +4:00, as before 30 October it was GMT 470# +3:00.... The problem is, there is NO FORMAL LAW or governmental document 471# about it. As far as I can find, I was told, that there is no document, 472# because we just DIDN'T ISSUE document about switching to winter time.... 473# I don't know what can be done, especially knowing that some years ago our 474# DST rules where changed THREE TIMES during one month. 475 476 477# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 478Zone Asia/Tbilisi 2:59:16 - LMT 1880 479 2:59:16 - TBMT 1924 May 2 # Tbilisi Mean Time 480 3:00 - TBIT 1957 Mar # Tbilisi Time 481 4:00 RussiaAsia TBI%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 482 3:00 1:00 TBIST 1991 Apr 9 # independence 483 3:00 RussiaAsia GE%sT 1992 # Georgia Time 484 3:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 1994 Sep lastSun 485 4:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 1996 Oct lastSun 486 4:00 1:00 GEST 1997 Mar lastSun 487 4:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 2004 Jun 27 488 3:00 RussiaAsia GE%sT 2005 Mar lastSun 2:00 489 4:00 - GET 490 491# East Timor 492 493# See Indonesia for the 1945 transition. 494 495# From Joao Carrascalao, brother of the former governor of East Timor, in 496# <a href="http://etan.org/et99c/december/26-31/30ETMAY.htm"> 497# East Timor may be late for its millennium 498# </a> (1999-12-26/31): 499# Portugal tried to change the time forward in 1974 because the sun 500# rises too early but the suggestion raised a lot of problems with the 501# Timorese and I still don't think it would work today because it 502# conflicts with their way of life. 503 504# From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04): 505# We don't have any record of the above attempt. 506# Most likely our records are incomplete, but we have no better data. 507 508# <a href="http://www.hri.org/news/world/undh/last/00-08-16.undh.html"> 509# From Manoel de Almeida e Silva, Deputy Spokesman for the UN Secretary-General 510# (2000-08-16)</a>: 511# The Cabinet of the East Timor Transition Administration decided 512# today to advance East Timor's time by one hour. The time change, 513# which will be permanent, with no seasonal adjustment, will happen at 514# midnight on Saturday, September 16. 515 516# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 517Zone Asia/Dili 8:22:20 - LMT 1912 518 8:00 - TLT 1942 Feb 21 23:00 # E Timor Time 519 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 23 520 9:00 - TLT 1976 May 3 521 8:00 - CIT 2000 Sep 17 00:00 522 9:00 - TLT 523 524# India 525# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 526Zone Asia/Kolkata 5:53:28 - LMT 1880 # Kolkata 527 5:53:20 - HMT 1941 Oct # Howrah Mean Time? 528 6:30 - BURT 1942 May 15 # Burma Time 529 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep 530 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 15 531 5:30 - IST 532# The following are like Asia/Kolkata: 533# Andaman Is 534# Lakshadweep (Laccadive, Minicoy and Amindivi Is) 535# Nicobar Is 536 537# Indonesia 538# 539# From Gwillim Law (2001-05-28), overriding Shanks & Pottenger: 540# <http://www.sumatera-inc.com/go_to_invest/about_indonesia.asp#standtime> 541# says that Indonesia's time zones changed on 1988-01-01. Looking at some 542# time zone maps, I think that must refer to Western Borneo (Kalimantan Barat 543# and Kalimantan Tengah) switching from UTC+8 to UTC+7. 544# 545# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-10): 546# Here is another correction to Shanks & Pottenger. 547# JohnTWB writes that Japanese forces did not surrender control in 548# Indonesia until 1945-09-01 00:00 at the earliest (in Jakarta) and 549# other formal surrender ceremonies were September 9, 11, and 13, plus 550# September 12 for the regional surrender to Mountbatten in Singapore. 551# These would be the earliest possible times for a change. 552# Regimes horaires pour le monde entier, by Henri Le Corre, (Editions 553# Traditionnelles, 1987, Paris) says that Java and Madura switched 554# from JST to UTC+07:30 on 1945-09-23, and gives 1944-09-01 for Jayapura 555# (Hollandia). For now, assume all Indonesian locations other than Jayapura 556# switched on 1945-09-23. 557# 558# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 559Zone Asia/Jakarta 7:07:12 - LMT 1867 Aug 10 560# Shanks & Pottenger say the next transition was at 1924 Jan 1 0:13, 561# but this must be a typo. 562 7:07:12 - JMT 1923 Dec 31 23:47:12 # Jakarta 563 7:20 - JAVT 1932 Nov # Java Time 564 7:30 - WIT 1942 Mar 23 565 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 23 566 7:30 - WIT 1948 May 567 8:00 - WIT 1950 May 568 7:30 - WIT 1964 569 7:00 - WIT 570Zone Asia/Pontianak 7:17:20 - LMT 1908 May 571 7:17:20 - PMT 1932 Nov # Pontianak MT 572 7:30 - WIT 1942 Jan 29 573 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 23 574 7:30 - WIT 1948 May 575 8:00 - WIT 1950 May 576 7:30 - WIT 1964 577 8:00 - CIT 1988 Jan 1 578 7:00 - WIT 579Zone Asia/Makassar 7:57:36 - LMT 1920 580 7:57:36 - MMT 1932 Nov # Macassar MT 581 8:00 - CIT 1942 Feb 9 582 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 23 583 8:00 - CIT 584Zone Asia/Jayapura 9:22:48 - LMT 1932 Nov 585 9:00 - EIT 1944 Sep 1 586 9:30 - CST 1964 587 9:00 - EIT 588 589# Iran 590 591# From Roozbeh Pournader (2003-03-15): 592# This is an English translation of what I just found (originally in Persian). 593# The Gregorian dates in brackets are mine: 594# 595# Official Newspaper No. 13548-1370/6/25 [1991-09-16] 596# No. 16760/T233 H 1370/6/10 [1991-09-01] 597# 598# The Rule About Change of the Official Time of the Country 599# 600# The Board of Ministers, in the meeting dated 1370/5/23 [1991-08-14], 601# based on the suggestion number 2221/D dated 1370/4/22 [1991-07-13] 602# of the Country's Organization for Official and Employment Affairs, 603# and referring to the law for equating the working hours of workers 604# and officers in the whole country dated 1359/4/23 [1980-07-14], and 605# for synchronizing the official times of the country, agreed that: 606# 607# The official time of the country will should move forward one hour 608# at the 24[:00] hours of the first day of Farvardin and should return 609# to its previous state at the 24[:00] hours of the 30th day of 610# Shahrivar. 611# 612# First Deputy to the President - Hassan Habibi 613# 614# From personal experience, that agrees with what has been followed 615# for at least the last 5 years. Before that, for a few years, the 616# date used was the first Thursday night of Farvardin and the last 617# Thursday night of Shahrivar, but I can't give exact dates.... 618# I have also changed the abbreviations to what is considered correct 619# here in Iran, IRST for regular time and IRDT for daylight saving time. 620# 621# From Roozbeh Pournader (2005-04-05): 622# The text of the Iranian law, in effect since 1925, clearly mentions 623# that the true solar year is the measure, and there is no arithmetic 624# leap year calculation involved. There has never been any serious 625# plan to change that law.... 626# 627# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 628# Go with Shanks & Pottenger before Sept. 1991, and with Pournader thereafter. 629# I used Ed Reingold's cal-persia in GNU Emacs 21.2 to check Persian dates, 630# stopping after 2037 when 32-bit time_t's overflow. 631# That cal-persia used Birashk's approximation, which disagrees with the solar 632# calendar predictions for the year 2025, so I corrected those dates by hand. 633# 634# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-03-30), writing about future 635# discrepancies between cal-persia and the Iranian calendar: 636# For 2091 solar-longitude-after yields 2091-03-20 08:40:07.7 UT for 637# the vernal equinox and that gets so close to 12:00 some local 638# Iranian time that the definition of the correct location needs to be 639# known exactly, amongst other factors. 2157 is even closer: 640# 2157-03-20 08:37:15.5 UT. But the Gregorian year 2025 should give 641# no interpretation problem whatsoever. By the way, another instant 642# in the near future where there will be a discrepancy between 643# arithmetical and astronomical Iranian calendars will be in 2058: 644# vernal equinox on 2058-03-20 09:03:05.9 UT. The Java version of 645# Reingold's/Dershowitz' calculator gives correctly the Gregorian date 646# 2058-03-21 for 1 Farvardin 1437 (astronomical). 647# 648# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-03-22): 649# Several of my users have reported that Iran will not observe DST anymore: 650# http://www.irna.ir/en/news/view/line-17/0603193812164948.htm 651# 652# From Reuters (2007-09-16), with a heads-up from Jesper Norgaard Welen: 653# ... the Guardian Council ... approved a law on Sunday to re-introduce 654# daylight saving time ... 655# http://uk.reuters.com/article/oilRpt/idUKBLA65048420070916 656# 657# From Roozbeh Pournader (2007-11-05): 658# This is quoted from Official Gazette of the Islamic Republic of 659# Iran, Volume 63, Number 18242, dated Tuesday 1386/6/24 660# [2007-10-16]. I am doing the best translation I can:... 661# The official time of the country will be moved forward for one hour 662# on the 24 hours of the first day of the month of Farvardin and will 663# be changed back to its previous state on the 24 hours of the 664# thirtieth day of Shahrivar. 665# 666# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 667Rule Iran 1978 1980 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 668Rule Iran 1978 only - Oct 21 0:00 0 S 669Rule Iran 1979 only - Sep 19 0:00 0 S 670Rule Iran 1980 only - Sep 23 0:00 0 S 671Rule Iran 1991 only - May 3 0:00 1:00 D 672Rule Iran 1992 1995 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 673Rule Iran 1991 1995 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 674Rule Iran 1996 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 675Rule Iran 1996 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 676Rule Iran 1997 1999 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 677Rule Iran 1997 1999 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 678Rule Iran 2000 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 679Rule Iran 2000 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 680Rule Iran 2001 2003 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 681Rule Iran 2001 2003 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 682Rule Iran 2004 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 683Rule Iran 2004 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 684Rule Iran 2005 only - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 685Rule Iran 2005 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 686Rule Iran 2008 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 687Rule Iran 2008 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 688Rule Iran 2009 2011 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 689Rule Iran 2009 2011 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 690Rule Iran 2012 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 691Rule Iran 2012 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 692Rule Iran 2013 2015 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 693Rule Iran 2013 2015 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 694Rule Iran 2016 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 695Rule Iran 2016 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 696Rule Iran 2017 2019 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 697Rule Iran 2017 2019 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 698Rule Iran 2020 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 699Rule Iran 2020 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 700Rule Iran 2021 2023 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 701Rule Iran 2021 2023 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 702Rule Iran 2024 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 703Rule Iran 2024 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 704Rule Iran 2025 2027 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 705Rule Iran 2025 2027 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 706Rule Iran 2028 2029 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 707Rule Iran 2028 2029 - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 708Rule Iran 2030 2031 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 709Rule Iran 2030 2031 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 710Rule Iran 2032 2033 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 711Rule Iran 2032 2033 - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 712Rule Iran 2034 2035 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 713Rule Iran 2034 2035 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 714Rule Iran 2036 2037 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 715Rule Iran 2036 2037 - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 716# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 717Zone Asia/Tehran 3:25:44 - LMT 1916 718 3:25:44 - TMT 1946 # Tehran Mean Time 719 3:30 - IRST 1977 Nov 720 4:00 Iran IR%sT 1979 721 3:30 Iran IR%sT 722 723 724# Iraq 725# 726# From Jonathan Lennox (2000-06-12): 727# An article in this week's Economist ("Inside the Saddam-free zone", p. 50 in 728# the U.S. edition) on the Iraqi Kurds contains a paragraph: 729# "The three northern provinces ... switched their clocks this spring and 730# are an hour ahead of Baghdad." 731# 732# But Rives McDow (2000-06-18) quotes a contact in Iraqi-Kurdistan as follows: 733# In the past, some Kurdish nationalists, as a protest to the Iraqi 734# Government, did not adhere to daylight saving time. They referred 735# to daylight saving as Saddam time. But, as of today, the time zone 736# in Iraqi-Kurdistan is on standard time with Baghdad, Iraq. 737# 738# So we'll ignore the Economist's claim. 739 740# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-03-10): 741# The cabinet in Iraq abolished DST last week, according to the following 742# news sources (in Arabic): 743# <a href="http://www.aljeeran.net/wesima_articles/news-20080305-98602.html"> 744# http://www.aljeeran.net/wesima_articles/news-20080305-98602.html 745# </a> 746# <a href="http://www.aswataliraq.info/look/article.tpl?id=2047&IdLanguage=17&IdPublication=4&NrArticle=71743&NrIssue=1&NrSection=10"> 747# http://www.aswataliraq.info/look/article.tpl?id=2047&IdLanguage=17&IdPublication=4&NrArticle=71743&NrIssue=1&NrSection=10 748# </a> 749# 750# We have published a short article in English about the change: 751# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/iraq-dumps-daylight-saving.html"> 752# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/iraq-dumps-daylight-saving.html 753# </a> 754 755# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 756Rule Iraq 1982 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D 757Rule Iraq 1982 1984 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 758Rule Iraq 1983 only - Mar 31 0:00 1:00 D 759Rule Iraq 1984 1985 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 760Rule Iraq 1985 1990 - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 S 761Rule Iraq 1986 1990 - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 D 762# IATA SSIM (1991/1996) says Apr 1 12:01am UTC; guess the `:01' is a typo. 763# Shanks & Pottenger say Iraq did not observe DST 1992/1997; ignore this. 764# 765Rule Iraq 1991 2007 - Apr 1 3:00s 1:00 D 766Rule Iraq 1991 2007 - Oct 1 3:00s 0 S 767# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 768Zone Asia/Baghdad 2:57:40 - LMT 1890 769 2:57:36 - BMT 1918 # Baghdad Mean Time? 770 3:00 - AST 1982 May 771 3:00 Iraq A%sT 772 773 774############################################################################### 775 776# Israel 777 778# From Ephraim Silverberg (2001-01-11): 779# 780# I coined "IST/IDT" circa 1988. Until then there were three 781# different abbreviations in use: 782# 783# JST Jerusalem Standard Time [Danny Braniss, Hebrew University] 784# IZT Israel Zonal (sic) Time [Prof. Haim Papo, Technion] 785# EEST Eastern Europe Standard Time [used by almost everyone else] 786# 787# Since timezones should be called by country and not capital cities, 788# I ruled out JST. As Israel is in Asia Minor and not Eastern Europe, 789# EEST was equally unacceptable. Since "zonal" was not compatible with 790# any other timezone abbreviation, I felt that 'IST' was the way to go 791# and, indeed, it has received almost universal acceptance in timezone 792# settings in Israeli computers. 793# 794# In any case, I am happy to share timezone abbreviations with India, 795# high on my favorite-country list (and not only because my wife's 796# family is from India). 797 798# From Shanks & Pottenger: 799# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 800Rule Zion 1940 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D 801Rule Zion 1942 1944 - Nov 1 0:00 0 S 802Rule Zion 1943 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 803Rule Zion 1944 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 804Rule Zion 1945 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 D 805Rule Zion 1945 only - Nov 1 2:00 0 S 806Rule Zion 1946 only - Apr 16 2:00 1:00 D 807Rule Zion 1946 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 S 808Rule Zion 1948 only - May 23 0:00 2:00 DD 809Rule Zion 1948 only - Sep 1 0:00 1:00 D 810Rule Zion 1948 1949 - Nov 1 2:00 0 S 811Rule Zion 1949 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D 812Rule Zion 1950 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 D 813Rule Zion 1950 only - Sep 15 3:00 0 S 814Rule Zion 1951 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 815Rule Zion 1951 only - Nov 11 3:00 0 S 816Rule Zion 1952 only - Apr 20 2:00 1:00 D 817Rule Zion 1952 only - Oct 19 3:00 0 S 818Rule Zion 1953 only - Apr 12 2:00 1:00 D 819Rule Zion 1953 only - Sep 13 3:00 0 S 820Rule Zion 1954 only - Jun 13 0:00 1:00 D 821Rule Zion 1954 only - Sep 12 0:00 0 S 822Rule Zion 1955 only - Jun 11 2:00 1:00 D 823Rule Zion 1955 only - Sep 11 0:00 0 S 824Rule Zion 1956 only - Jun 3 0:00 1:00 D 825Rule Zion 1956 only - Sep 30 3:00 0 S 826Rule Zion 1957 only - Apr 29 2:00 1:00 D 827Rule Zion 1957 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 828Rule Zion 1974 only - Jul 7 0:00 1:00 D 829Rule Zion 1974 only - Oct 13 0:00 0 S 830Rule Zion 1975 only - Apr 20 0:00 1:00 D 831Rule Zion 1975 only - Aug 31 0:00 0 S 832Rule Zion 1985 only - Apr 14 0:00 1:00 D 833Rule Zion 1985 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S 834Rule Zion 1986 only - May 18 0:00 1:00 D 835Rule Zion 1986 only - Sep 7 0:00 0 S 836Rule Zion 1987 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 D 837Rule Zion 1987 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S 838Rule Zion 1988 only - Apr 9 0:00 1:00 D 839Rule Zion 1988 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S 840 841# From Ephraim Silverberg 842# (1997-03-04, 1998-03-16, 1998-12-28, 2000-01-17, 2000-07-25, 2004-12-22, 843# and 2005-02-17): 844 845# According to the Office of the Secretary General of the Ministry of 846# Interior, there is NO set rule for Daylight-Savings/Standard time changes. 847# One thing is entrenched in law, however: that there must be at least 150 848# days of daylight savings time annually. From 1993-1998, the change to 849# daylight savings time was on a Friday morning from midnight IST to 850# 1 a.m IDT; up until 1998, the change back to standard time was on a 851# Saturday night from midnight daylight savings time to 11 p.m. standard 852# time. 1996 is an exception to this rule where the change back to standard 853# time took place on Sunday night instead of Saturday night to avoid 854# conflicts with the Jewish New Year. In 1999, the change to 855# daylight savings time was still on a Friday morning but from 856# 2 a.m. IST to 3 a.m. IDT; furthermore, the change back to standard time 857# was also on a Friday morning from 2 a.m. IDT to 1 a.m. IST for 858# 1999 only. In the year 2000, the change to daylight savings time was 859# similar to 1999, but although the change back will be on a Friday, it 860# will take place from 1 a.m. IDT to midnight IST. Starting in 2001, all 861# changes to/from will take place at 1 a.m. old time, but now there is no 862# rule as to what day of the week it will take place in as the start date 863# (except in 2003) is the night after the Passover Seder (i.e. the eve 864# of the 16th of Nisan in the lunar Hebrew calendar) and the end date 865# (except in 2002) is three nights before Yom Kippur [Day of Atonement] 866# (the eve of the 7th of Tishrei in the lunar Hebrew calendar). 867 868# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 869Rule Zion 1989 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D 870Rule Zion 1989 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S 871Rule Zion 1990 only - Mar 25 0:00 1:00 D 872Rule Zion 1990 only - Aug 26 0:00 0 S 873Rule Zion 1991 only - Mar 24 0:00 1:00 D 874Rule Zion 1991 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 S 875Rule Zion 1992 only - Mar 29 0:00 1:00 D 876Rule Zion 1992 only - Sep 6 0:00 0 S 877Rule Zion 1993 only - Apr 2 0:00 1:00 D 878Rule Zion 1993 only - Sep 5 0:00 0 S 879 880# The dates for 1994-1995 were obtained from Office of the Spokeswoman for the 881# Ministry of Interior, Jerusalem, Israel. The spokeswoman can be reached by 882# calling the office directly at 972-2-6701447 or 972-2-6701448. 883 884# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 885Rule Zion 1994 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 886Rule Zion 1994 only - Aug 28 0:00 0 S 887Rule Zion 1995 only - Mar 31 0:00 1:00 D 888Rule Zion 1995 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S 889 890# The dates for 1996 were determined by the Minister of Interior of the 891# time, Haim Ramon. The official announcement regarding 1996-1998 892# (with the dates for 1997-1998 no longer being relevant) can be viewed at: 893# 894# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/1996-1998.ramon.ps.gz 895# 896# The dates for 1997-1998 were altered by his successor, Rabbi Eli Suissa. 897# 898# The official announcements for the years 1997-1999 can be viewed at: 899# 900# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/YYYY.ps.gz 901# 902# where YYYY is the relevant year. 903 904# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 905Rule Zion 1996 only - Mar 15 0:00 1:00 D 906Rule Zion 1996 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 S 907Rule Zion 1997 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 908Rule Zion 1997 only - Sep 14 0:00 0 S 909Rule Zion 1998 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 D 910Rule Zion 1998 only - Sep 6 0:00 0 S 911Rule Zion 1999 only - Apr 2 2:00 1:00 D 912Rule Zion 1999 only - Sep 3 2:00 0 S 913 914# The Knesset Interior Committee has changed the dates for 2000 for 915# the third time in just over a year and have set new dates for the 916# years 2001-2004 as well. 917# 918# The official announcement for the start date of 2000 can be viewed at: 919# 920# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2000-start.ps.gz 921# 922# The official announcement for the end date of 2000 and the dates 923# for the years 2001-2004 can be viewed at: 924# 925# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2000-2004.ps.gz 926 927# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 928Rule Zion 2000 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D 929Rule Zion 2000 only - Oct 6 1:00 0 S 930Rule Zion 2001 only - Apr 9 1:00 1:00 D 931Rule Zion 2001 only - Sep 24 1:00 0 S 932Rule Zion 2002 only - Mar 29 1:00 1:00 D 933Rule Zion 2002 only - Oct 7 1:00 0 S 934Rule Zion 2003 only - Mar 28 1:00 1:00 D 935Rule Zion 2003 only - Oct 3 1:00 0 S 936Rule Zion 2004 only - Apr 7 1:00 1:00 D 937Rule Zion 2004 only - Sep 22 1:00 0 S 938 939# The proposed law agreed upon by the Knesset Interior Committee on 940# 2005-02-14 is that, for 2005 and beyond, DST starts at 02:00 the 941# last Friday before April 2nd (i.e. the last Friday in March or April 942# 1st itself if it falls on a Friday) and ends at 02:00 on the Saturday 943# night _before_ the fast of Yom Kippur. 944# 945# Those who can read Hebrew can view the announcement at: 946# 947# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2005+beyond.ps 948 949# From Paul Eggert (2005-02-22): 950# I used Ephraim Silverberg's dst-israel.el program 951# <ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/software/dst-israel.el> (2005-02-20) 952# along with Ed Reingold's cal-hebrew in GNU Emacs 21.4, 953# to generate the transitions in this list. 954# (I replaced "lastFri" with "Fri>=26" by hand.) 955# The spring transitions below all correspond to the following Rule: 956# 957# Rule Zion 2005 max - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 958# 959# but older zic implementations (e.g., Solaris 8) do not support 960# "Fri>=26" to mean April 1 in years like 2005, so for now we list the 961# springtime transitions explicitly. 962 963# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 964Rule Zion 2005 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 965Rule Zion 2005 only - Oct 9 2:00 0 S 966Rule Zion 2006 2010 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 967Rule Zion 2006 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 S 968Rule Zion 2007 only - Sep 16 2:00 0 S 969Rule Zion 2008 only - Oct 5 2:00 0 S 970Rule Zion 2009 only - Sep 27 2:00 0 S 971Rule Zion 2010 only - Sep 12 2:00 0 S 972Rule Zion 2011 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 973Rule Zion 2011 only - Oct 2 2:00 0 S 974Rule Zion 2012 2015 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 975Rule Zion 2012 only - Sep 23 2:00 0 S 976Rule Zion 2013 only - Sep 8 2:00 0 S 977Rule Zion 2014 only - Sep 28 2:00 0 S 978Rule Zion 2015 only - Sep 20 2:00 0 S 979Rule Zion 2016 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 980Rule Zion 2016 only - Oct 9 2:00 0 S 981Rule Zion 2017 2021 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 982Rule Zion 2017 only - Sep 24 2:00 0 S 983Rule Zion 2018 only - Sep 16 2:00 0 S 984Rule Zion 2019 only - Oct 6 2:00 0 S 985Rule Zion 2020 only - Sep 27 2:00 0 S 986Rule Zion 2021 only - Sep 12 2:00 0 S 987Rule Zion 2022 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 988Rule Zion 2022 only - Oct 2 2:00 0 S 989Rule Zion 2023 2032 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 990Rule Zion 2023 only - Sep 24 2:00 0 S 991Rule Zion 2024 only - Oct 6 2:00 0 S 992Rule Zion 2025 only - Sep 28 2:00 0 S 993Rule Zion 2026 only - Sep 20 2:00 0 S 994Rule Zion 2027 only - Oct 10 2:00 0 S 995Rule Zion 2028 only - Sep 24 2:00 0 S 996Rule Zion 2029 only - Sep 16 2:00 0 S 997Rule Zion 2030 only - Oct 6 2:00 0 S 998Rule Zion 2031 only - Sep 21 2:00 0 S 999Rule Zion 2032 only - Sep 12 2:00 0 S 1000Rule Zion 2033 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 1001Rule Zion 2033 only - Oct 2 2:00 0 S 1002Rule Zion 2034 2037 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 1003Rule Zion 2034 only - Sep 17 2:00 0 S 1004Rule Zion 2035 only - Oct 7 2:00 0 S 1005Rule Zion 2036 only - Sep 28 2:00 0 S 1006Rule Zion 2037 only - Sep 13 2:00 0 S 1007 1008# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1009Zone Asia/Jerusalem 2:20:56 - LMT 1880 1010 2:20:40 - JMT 1918 # Jerusalem Mean Time? 1011 2:00 Zion I%sT 1012 1013 1014 1015############################################################################### 1016 1017# Japan 1018 1019# `9:00' and `JST' is from Guy Harris. 1020 1021# From Paul Eggert (1995-03-06): 1022# Today's _Asahi Evening News_ (page 4) reports that Japan had 1023# daylight saving between 1948 and 1951, but ``the system was discontinued 1024# because the public believed it would lead to longer working hours.'' 1025 1026# From Mayumi Negishi in the 2005-08-10 Japan Times 1027# <http://www.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/getarticle.pl5?nn20050810f2.htm>: 1028# Occupation authorities imposed daylight-saving time on Japan on 1029# [1948-05-01].... But lack of prior debate and the execution of 1030# daylight-saving time just three days after the bill was passed generated 1031# deep hatred of the concept.... The Diet unceremoniously passed a bill to 1032# dump the unpopular system in October 1951, less than a month after the San 1033# Francisco Peace Treaty was signed. (A government poll in 1951 showed 53% 1034# of the Japanese wanted to scrap daylight-saving time, as opposed to 30% who 1035# wanted to keep it.) 1036 1037# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 1038# Shanks & Pottenger write that DST in Japan during those years was as follows: 1039# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1040Rule Japan 1948 only - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D 1041Rule Japan 1948 1951 - Sep Sat>=8 2:00 0 S 1042Rule Japan 1949 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D 1043Rule Japan 1950 1951 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D 1044# but the only locations using it (for birth certificates, presumably, since 1045# their audience is astrologers) were US military bases. For now, assume 1046# that for most purposes daylight-saving time was observed; otherwise, what 1047# would have been the point of the 1951 poll? 1048 1049# From Hideyuki Suzuki (1998-11-09): 1050# 'Tokyo' usually stands for the former location of Tokyo Astronomical 1051# Observatory: E 139 44' 40".90 (9h 18m 58s.727), N 35 39' 16".0. 1052# This data is from 'Rika Nenpyou (Chronological Scientific Tables) 1996' 1053# edited by National Astronomical Observatory of Japan.... 1054# JST (Japan Standard Time) has been used since 1888-01-01 00:00 (JST). 1055# The law is enacted on 1886-07-07. 1056 1057# From Hideyuki Suzuki (1998-11-16): 1058# The ordinance No. 51 (1886) established "standard time" in Japan, 1059# which stands for the time on E 135 degree. 1060# In the ordinance No. 167 (1895), "standard time" was renamed to "central 1061# standard time". And the same ordinance also established "western standard 1062# time", which stands for the time on E 120 degree.... But "western standard 1063# time" was abolished in the ordinance No. 529 (1937). In the ordinance No. 1064# 167, there is no mention regarding for what place western standard time is 1065# standard.... 1066# 1067# I wrote "ordinance" above, but I don't know how to translate. 1068# In Japanese it's "chokurei", which means ordinance from emperor. 1069 1070# Shanks & Pottenger claim JST in use since 1896, and that a few 1071# places (e.g. Ishigaki) use +0800; go with Suzuki. Guess that all 1072# ordinances took effect on Jan 1. 1073 1074# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1075Zone Asia/Tokyo 9:18:59 - LMT 1887 Dec 31 15:00u 1076 9:00 - JST 1896 1077 9:00 - CJT 1938 1078 9:00 Japan J%sT 1079# Since 1938, all Japanese possessions have been like Asia/Tokyo. 1080 1081# Jordan 1082# 1083# From <a href="http://star.arabia.com/990701/JO9.html"> 1084# Jordan Week (1999-07-01) </a> via Steffen Thorsen (1999-09-09): 1085# Clocks in Jordan were forwarded one hour on Wednesday at midnight, 1086# in accordance with the government's decision to implement summer time 1087# all year round. 1088# 1089# From <a href="http://star.arabia.com/990930/JO9.html"> 1090# Jordan Week (1999-09-30) </a> via Steffen Thorsen (1999-11-09): 1091# Winter time starts today Thursday, 30 September. Clocks will be turned back 1092# by one hour. This is the latest government decision and it's final! 1093# The decision was taken because of the increase in working hours in 1094# government's departments from six to seven hours. 1095# 1096# From Paul Eggert (2005-11-22): 1097# Starting 2003 transitions are from Steffen Thorsen's web site timeanddate.com. 1098# 1099# From Steffen Thorsen (2005-11-23): 1100# For Jordan I have received multiple independent user reports every year 1101# about DST end dates, as the end-rule is different every year. 1102# 1103# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-10-01), after a heads-up from Hilal Malawi: 1104# http://www.petranews.gov.jo/nepras/2006/Sep/05/4000.htm 1105# "Jordan will switch to winter time on Friday, October 27". 1106# 1107 1108# From Phil Pizzey (2009-04-02): 1109# ...I think I may have spotted an error in the timezone data for 1110# Jordan. 1111# The current (2009d) asia file shows Jordan going to daylight 1112# saving 1113# time on the last Thursday in March. 1114# 1115# Rule Jordan 2000 max - Mar lastThu 0:00s 1:00 S 1116# 1117# However timeanddate.com, which I usually find reliable, shows Jordan 1118# going to daylight saving time on the last Friday in March since 2002. 1119# Please see 1120# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/timezone.html?n=11"> 1121# http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/timezone.html?n=11 1122# </a> 1123 1124# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-04-02): 1125# This single one might be good enough, (2009-03-24, Arabic): 1126# <a href="http://petra.gov.jo/Artical.aspx?Lng=2&Section=8&Artical=95279"> 1127# http://petra.gov.jo/Artical.aspx?Lng=2&Section=8&Artical=95279 1128# </a> 1129# 1130# Google's translation: 1131# 1132# > The Council of Ministers decided in 2002 to adopt the principle of timely 1133# > submission of the summer at 60 minutes as of midnight on the last Thursday 1134# > of the month of March of each year. 1135# 1136# So - this means the midnight between Thursday and Friday since 2002. 1137 1138# From Arthur David Olson (2009-04-06): 1139# We still have Jordan switching to DST on Thursdays in 2000 and 2001. 1140 1141# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1142Rule Jordan 1973 only - Jun 6 0:00 1:00 S 1143Rule Jordan 1973 1975 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1144Rule Jordan 1974 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 1145Rule Jordan 1976 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 1146Rule Jordan 1977 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1147Rule Jordan 1978 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S 1148Rule Jordan 1978 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 - 1149Rule Jordan 1985 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 1150Rule Jordan 1985 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1151Rule Jordan 1986 1988 - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S 1152Rule Jordan 1986 1990 - Oct Fri>=1 0:00 0 - 1153Rule Jordan 1989 only - May 8 0:00 1:00 S 1154Rule Jordan 1990 only - Apr 27 0:00 1:00 S 1155Rule Jordan 1991 only - Apr 17 0:00 1:00 S 1156Rule Jordan 1991 only - Sep 27 0:00 0 - 1157Rule Jordan 1992 only - Apr 10 0:00 1:00 S 1158Rule Jordan 1992 1993 - Oct Fri>=1 0:00 0 - 1159Rule Jordan 1993 1998 - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S 1160Rule Jordan 1994 only - Sep Fri>=15 0:00 0 - 1161Rule Jordan 1995 1998 - Sep Fri>=15 0:00s 0 - 1162Rule Jordan 1999 only - Jul 1 0:00s 1:00 S 1163Rule Jordan 1999 2002 - Sep lastFri 0:00s 0 - 1164Rule Jordan 2000 2001 - Mar lastThu 0:00s 1:00 S 1165Rule Jordan 2002 max - Mar lastThu 24:00 1:00 S 1166Rule Jordan 2003 only - Oct 24 0:00s 0 - 1167Rule Jordan 2004 only - Oct 15 0:00s 0 - 1168Rule Jordan 2005 only - Sep lastFri 0:00s 0 - 1169Rule Jordan 2006 max - Oct lastFri 0:00s 0 - 1170# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1171Zone Asia/Amman 2:23:44 - LMT 1931 1172 2:00 Jordan EE%sT 1173 1174 1175# Kazakhstan 1176 1177# From Paul Eggert (1996-11-22): 1178# Andrew Evtichov (1996-04-13) writes that Kazakhstan 1179# stayed in sync with Moscow after 1990, and that Aqtobe (formerly Aktyubinsk) 1180# and Aqtau (formerly Shevchenko) are the largest cities in their zones. 1181# Guess that Aqtau and Aqtobe diverged in 1995, since that's the first time 1182# IATA SSIM mentions a third time zone in Kazakhstan. 1183 1184# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 1185# German Iofis, ELSI, Almaty (2001-10-09) reports that Kazakhstan uses 1186# RussiaAsia rules, instead of switching at 00:00 as the IATA has it. 1187# Go with Shanks & Pottenger, who have them always using RussiaAsia rules. 1188# Also go with the following claims of Shanks & Pottenger: 1189# 1190# - Kazakhstan did not observe DST in 1991. 1191# - Qyzylorda switched from +5:00 to +6:00 on 1992-01-19 02:00. 1192# - Oral switched from +5:00 to +4:00 in spring 1989. 1193 1194# <a href="http://www.kazsociety.org.uk/news/2005/03/30.htm"> 1195# From Kazakhstan Embassy's News Bulletin #11 (2005-03-21): 1196# </a> 1197# The Government of Kazakhstan passed a resolution March 15 abolishing 1198# daylight saving time citing lack of economic benefits and health 1199# complications coupled with a decrease in productivity. 1200# 1201# From Branislav Kojic (in Astana) via Gwillim Law (2005-06-28): 1202# ... what happened was that the former Kazakhstan Eastern time zone 1203# was "blended" with the Central zone. Therefore, Kazakhstan now has 1204# two time zones, and difference between them is one hour. The zone 1205# closer to UTC is the former Western zone (probably still called the 1206# same), encompassing four provinces in the west: Aqtobe, Atyrau, 1207# Mangghystau, and West Kazakhstan. The other zone encompasses 1208# everything else.... I guess that would make Kazakhstan time zones 1209# de jure UTC+5 and UTC+6 respectively. 1210 1211# 1212# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1213# 1214# Almaty (formerly Alma-Ata), representing most locations in Kazakhstan 1215Zone Asia/Almaty 5:07:48 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Alma-Ata 1216 5:00 - ALMT 1930 Jun 21 # Alma-Ata Time 1217 6:00 RussiaAsia ALM%sT 1991 1218 6:00 - ALMT 1992 1219 6:00 RussiaAsia ALM%sT 2005 Mar 15 1220 6:00 - ALMT 1221# Qyzylorda (aka Kyzylorda, Kizilorda, Kzyl-Orda, etc.) 1222Zone Asia/Qyzylorda 4:21:52 - LMT 1924 May 2 1223 4:00 - KIZT 1930 Jun 21 # Kizilorda Time 1224 5:00 - KIZT 1981 Apr 1 1225 5:00 1:00 KIZST 1981 Oct 1 1226 6:00 - KIZT 1982 Apr 1 1227 5:00 RussiaAsia KIZ%sT 1991 1228 5:00 - KIZT 1991 Dec 16 # independence 1229 5:00 - QYZT 1992 Jan 19 2:00 1230 6:00 RussiaAsia QYZ%sT 2005 Mar 15 1231 6:00 - QYZT 1232# Aqtobe (aka Aktobe, formerly Akt'ubinsk) 1233Zone Asia/Aqtobe 3:48:40 - LMT 1924 May 2 1234 4:00 - AKTT 1930 Jun 21 # Aktyubinsk Time 1235 5:00 - AKTT 1981 Apr 1 1236 5:00 1:00 AKTST 1981 Oct 1 1237 6:00 - AKTT 1982 Apr 1 1238 5:00 RussiaAsia AKT%sT 1991 1239 5:00 - AKTT 1991 Dec 16 # independence 1240 5:00 RussiaAsia AQT%sT 2005 Mar 15 # Aqtobe Time 1241 5:00 - AQTT 1242# Mangghystau 1243# Aqtau was not founded until 1963, but it represents an inhabited region, 1244# so include time stamps before 1963. 1245Zone Asia/Aqtau 3:21:04 - LMT 1924 May 2 1246 4:00 - FORT 1930 Jun 21 # Fort Shevchenko T 1247 5:00 - FORT 1963 1248 5:00 - SHET 1981 Oct 1 # Shevchenko Time 1249 6:00 - SHET 1982 Apr 1 1250 5:00 RussiaAsia SHE%sT 1991 1251 5:00 - SHET 1991 Dec 16 # independence 1252 5:00 RussiaAsia AQT%sT 1995 Mar lastSun 2:00 # Aqtau Time 1253 4:00 RussiaAsia AQT%sT 2005 Mar 15 1254 5:00 - AQTT 1255# West Kazakhstan 1256Zone Asia/Oral 3:25:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Ural'sk 1257 4:00 - URAT 1930 Jun 21 # Ural'sk time 1258 5:00 - URAT 1981 Apr 1 1259 5:00 1:00 URAST 1981 Oct 1 1260 6:00 - URAT 1982 Apr 1 1261 5:00 RussiaAsia URA%sT 1989 Mar 26 2:00 1262 4:00 RussiaAsia URA%sT 1991 1263 4:00 - URAT 1991 Dec 16 # independence 1264 4:00 RussiaAsia ORA%sT 2005 Mar 15 # Oral Time 1265 5:00 - ORAT 1266 1267# Kyrgyzstan (Kirgizstan) 1268# Transitions through 1991 are from Shanks & Pottenger. 1269 1270# From Paul Eggert (2005-08-15): 1271# According to an article dated today in the Kyrgyzstan Development Gateway 1272# <http://eng.gateway.kg/cgi-bin/page.pl?id=1&story_name=doc9979.shtml> 1273# Kyrgyzstan is canceling the daylight saving time system. I take the article 1274# to mean that they will leave their clocks at 6 hours ahead of UTC. 1275# From Malik Abdugaliev (2005-09-21): 1276# Our government cancels daylight saving time 6th of August 2005. 1277# From 2005-08-12 our GMT-offset is +6, w/o any daylight saving. 1278 1279# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1280Rule Kyrgyz 1992 1996 - Apr Sun>=7 0:00s 1:00 S 1281Rule Kyrgyz 1992 1996 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 1282Rule Kyrgyz 1997 2005 - Mar lastSun 2:30 1:00 S 1283Rule Kyrgyz 1997 2004 - Oct lastSun 2:30 0 - 1284# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1285Zone Asia/Bishkek 4:58:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 1286 5:00 - FRUT 1930 Jun 21 # Frunze Time 1287 6:00 RussiaAsia FRU%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 1288 5:00 1:00 FRUST 1991 Aug 31 2:00 # independence 1289 5:00 Kyrgyz KG%sT 2005 Aug 12 # Kyrgyzstan Time 1290 6:00 - KGT 1291 1292############################################################################### 1293 1294# Korea (North and South) 1295 1296# From Annie I. Bang (2006-07-10) in 1297# <http://www.koreaherald.co.kr/SITE/data/html_dir/2006/07/10/200607100012.asp>: 1298# The Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Energy has already 1299# commissioned a research project [to reintroduce DST] and has said 1300# the system may begin as early as 2008.... Korea ran a daylight 1301# saving program from 1949-61 but stopped it during the 1950-53 Korean War. 1302 1303# From Shanks & Pottenger: 1304# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1305Rule ROK 1960 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 D 1306Rule ROK 1960 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S 1307Rule ROK 1987 1988 - May Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 D 1308Rule ROK 1987 1988 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S 1309 1310# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1311Zone Asia/Seoul 8:27:52 - LMT 1890 1312 8:30 - KST 1904 Dec 1313 9:00 - KST 1928 1314 8:30 - KST 1932 1315 9:00 - KST 1954 Mar 21 1316 8:00 ROK K%sT 1961 Aug 10 1317 8:30 - KST 1968 Oct 1318 9:00 ROK K%sT 1319Zone Asia/Pyongyang 8:23:00 - LMT 1890 1320 8:30 - KST 1904 Dec 1321 9:00 - KST 1928 1322 8:30 - KST 1932 1323 9:00 - KST 1954 Mar 21 1324 8:00 - KST 1961 Aug 10 1325 9:00 - KST 1326 1327############################################################################### 1328 1329# Kuwait 1330# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1331# From the Arab Times (2007-03-14): 1332# The Civil Service Commission (CSC) has approved a proposal forwarded 1333# by MP Ahmad Baqer on implementing the daylight saving time (DST) in 1334# Kuwait starting from April until the end of Sept this year, reports Al-Anba. 1335# <http://www.arabtimesonline.com/arabtimes/kuwait/Viewdet.asp?ID=9950>. 1336# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-29): 1337# We don't know the details, or whether the approval means it'll happen, 1338# so for now we assume no DST. 1339Zone Asia/Kuwait 3:11:56 - LMT 1950 1340 3:00 - AST 1341 1342# Laos 1343# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1344Zone Asia/Vientiane 6:50:24 - LMT 1906 Jun 9 # or Viangchan 1345 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT? 1346 7:00 - ICT 1912 May 1347 8:00 - ICT 1931 May 1348 7:00 - ICT 1349 1350# Lebanon 1351# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1352Rule Lebanon 1920 only - Mar 28 0:00 1:00 S 1353Rule Lebanon 1920 only - Oct 25 0:00 0 - 1354Rule Lebanon 1921 only - Apr 3 0:00 1:00 S 1355Rule Lebanon 1921 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 - 1356Rule Lebanon 1922 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S 1357Rule Lebanon 1922 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 - 1358Rule Lebanon 1923 only - Apr 22 0:00 1:00 S 1359Rule Lebanon 1923 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 - 1360Rule Lebanon 1957 1961 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 1361Rule Lebanon 1957 1961 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1362Rule Lebanon 1972 only - Jun 22 0:00 1:00 S 1363Rule Lebanon 1972 1977 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1364Rule Lebanon 1973 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 1365Rule Lebanon 1978 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S 1366Rule Lebanon 1978 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 - 1367Rule Lebanon 1984 1987 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 1368Rule Lebanon 1984 1991 - Oct 16 0:00 0 - 1369Rule Lebanon 1988 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S 1370Rule Lebanon 1989 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S 1371Rule Lebanon 1990 1992 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 1372Rule Lebanon 1992 only - Oct 4 0:00 0 - 1373Rule Lebanon 1993 max - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 1374Rule Lebanon 1993 1998 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 1375Rule Lebanon 1999 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 - 1376# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1377Zone Asia/Beirut 2:22:00 - LMT 1880 1378 2:00 Lebanon EE%sT 1379 1380# Malaysia 1381# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1382Rule NBorneo 1935 1941 - Sep 14 0:00 0:20 TS # one-Third Summer 1383Rule NBorneo 1935 1941 - Dec 14 0:00 0 - 1384# 1385# peninsular Malaysia 1386# The data here are taken from Mok Ly Yng (2003-10-30) 1387# <http://www.math.nus.edu.sg/aslaksen/teaching/timezone.html>. 1388# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1389Zone Asia/Kuala_Lumpur 6:46:46 - LMT 1901 Jan 1 1390 6:55:25 - SMT 1905 Jun 1 # Singapore M.T. 1391 7:00 - MALT 1933 Jan 1 # Malaya Time 1392 7:00 0:20 MALST 1936 Jan 1 1393 7:20 - MALT 1941 Sep 1 1394 7:30 - MALT 1942 Feb 16 1395 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 12 1396 7:30 - MALT 1982 Jan 1 1397 8:00 - MYT # Malaysia Time 1398# Sabah & Sarawak 1399# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 1400# The data here are mostly from Shanks & Pottenger, but the 1942, 1945 and 1982 1401# transition dates are from Mok Ly Yng. 1402# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1403Zone Asia/Kuching 7:21:20 - LMT 1926 Mar 1404 7:30 - BORT 1933 # Borneo Time 1405 8:00 NBorneo BOR%sT 1942 Feb 16 1406 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 12 1407 8:00 - BORT 1982 Jan 1 1408 8:00 - MYT 1409 1410# Maldives 1411# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1412Zone Indian/Maldives 4:54:00 - LMT 1880 # Male 1413 4:54:00 - MMT 1960 # Male Mean Time 1414 5:00 - MVT # Maldives Time 1415 1416# Mongolia 1417 1418# Shanks & Pottenger say that Mongolia has three time zones, but 1419# usno1995 and the CIA map Standard Time Zones of the World (2005-03) 1420# both say that it has just one. 1421 1422# From Oscar van Vlijmen (1999-12-11): 1423# <a href="http://www.mongoliatourism.gov.mn/general.htm"> 1424# General Information Mongolia 1425# </a> (1999-09) 1426# "Time: Mongolia has two time zones. Three westernmost provinces of 1427# Bayan-Ulgii, Uvs, and Hovd are one hour earlier than the capital city, and 1428# the rest of the country follows the Ulaanbaatar time, which is UTC/GMT plus 1429# eight hours." 1430 1431# From Rives McDow (1999-12-13): 1432# Mongolia discontinued the use of daylight savings time in 1999; 1998 1433# being the last year it was implemented. The dates of implementation I am 1434# unsure of, but most probably it was similar to Russia, except for the time 1435# of implementation may have been different.... 1436# Some maps in the past have indicated that there was an additional time 1437# zone in the eastern part of Mongolia, including the provinces of Dornod, 1438# Suhbaatar, and possibly Khentij. 1439 1440# From Paul Eggert (1999-12-15): 1441# Naming and spelling is tricky in Mongolia. 1442# We'll use Hovd (also spelled Chovd and Khovd) to represent the west zone; 1443# the capital of the Hovd province is sometimes called Hovd, sometimes Dund-Us, 1444# and sometimes Jirgalanta (with variant spellings), but the name Hovd 1445# is good enough for our purposes. 1446 1447# From Rives McDow (2001-05-13): 1448# In addition to Mongolia starting daylight savings as reported earlier 1449# (adopted DST on 2001-04-27 02:00 local time, ending 2001-09-28), 1450# there are three time zones. 1451# 1452# Provinces [at 7:00]: Bayan-ulgii, Uvs, Khovd, Zavkhan, Govi-Altai 1453# Provinces [at 8:00]: Khovsgol, Bulgan, Arkhangai, Khentii, Tov, 1454# Bayankhongor, Ovorkhangai, Dundgovi, Dornogovi, Omnogovi 1455# Provinces [at 9:00]: Dornod, Sukhbaatar 1456# 1457# [The province of Selenge is omitted from the above lists.] 1458 1459# From Ganbold Ts., Ulaanbaatar (2004-04-17): 1460# Daylight saving occurs at 02:00 local time last Saturday of March. 1461# It will change back to normal at 02:00 local time last Saturday of 1462# September.... As I remember this rule was changed in 2001. 1463# 1464# From Paul Eggert (2004-04-17): 1465# For now, assume Rives McDow's informant got confused about Friday vs 1466# Saturday, and that his 2001 dates should have 1 added to them. 1467 1468# From Paul Eggert (2005-07-26): 1469# We have wildly conflicting information about Mongolia's time zones. 1470# Bill Bonnet (2005-05-19) reports that the US Embassy in Ulaanbaatar says 1471# there is only one time zone and that DST is observed, citing Microsoft 1472# Windows XP as the source. Risto Nykanen (2005-05-16) reports that 1473# travelmongolia.org says there are two time zones (UTC+7, UTC+8) with no DST. 1474# Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-05-20) reports that the Mongolian Embassy in 1475# Washington, DC says there are two time zones, with DST observed. 1476# He also found 1477# <http://ubpost.mongolnews.mn/index.php?subaction=showcomments&id=1111634894&archive=&start_from=&ucat=1&> 1478# which also says that there is DST, and which has a comment by "Toddius" 1479# (2005-03-31 06:05 +0700) saying "Mongolia actually has 3.5 time zones. 1480# The West (OLGII) is +7 GMT, most of the country is ULAT is +8 GMT 1481# and some Eastern provinces are +9 GMT but Sukhbaatar Aimag is SUHK +8.5 GMT. 1482# The SUKH timezone is new this year, it is one of the few things the 1483# parliament passed during the tumultuous winter session." 1484# For now, let's ignore this information, until we have more confirmation. 1485 1486# From Ganbold Ts. (2007-02-26): 1487# Parliament of Mongolia has just changed the daylight-saving rule in February. 1488# They decided not to adopt daylight-saving time.... 1489# http://www.mongolnews.mn/index.php?module=unuudur&sec=view&id=15742 1490 1491# From Deborah Goldsmith (2008-03-30): 1492# We received a bug report claiming that the tz database UTC offset for 1493# Asia/Choibalsan (GMT+09:00) is incorrect, and that it should be GMT 1494# +08:00 instead. Different sources appear to disagree with the tz 1495# database on this, e.g.: 1496# 1497# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/city.html?n=1026"> 1498# http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/city.html?n=1026 1499# </a> 1500# <a href="http://www.worldtimeserver.com/current_time_in_MN.aspx"> 1501# http://www.worldtimeserver.com/current_time_in_MN.aspx 1502# </a> 1503# 1504# both say GMT+08:00. 1505 1506# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-03-31): 1507# eznis airways, which operates several domestic flights, has a flight 1508# schedule here: 1509# <a href="http://www.eznis.com/Container.jsp?id=112"> 1510# http://www.eznis.com/Container.jsp?id=112 1511# </a> 1512# (click the English flag for English) 1513# 1514# There it appears that flights between Choibalsan and Ulaanbatar arrive 1515# about 1:35 - 1:50 hours later in local clock time, no matter the 1516# direction, while Ulaanbaatar-Khvod takes 2 hours in the Eastern 1517# direction and 3:35 back, which indicates that Ulaanbatar and Khvod are 1518# in different time zones (like we know about), while Choibalsan and 1519# Ulaanbatar are in the same time zone (correction needed). 1520 1521# From Arthur David Olson (2008-05-19): 1522# Assume that Choibalsan is indeed offset by 8:00. 1523# XXX--in the absence of better information, assume that transition 1524# was at the start of 2008-03-31 (the day of Steffen Thorsen's report); 1525# this is almost surely wrong. 1526 1527# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1528Rule Mongol 1983 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 1529Rule Mongol 1983 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1530# Shanks & Pottenger and IATA SSIM say 1990s switches occurred at 00:00, 1531# but McDow says the 2001 switches occurred at 02:00. Also, IATA SSIM 1532# (1996-09) says 1996-10-25. Go with Shanks & Pottenger through 1998. 1533# 1534# Shanks & Pottenger say that the Sept. 1984 through Sept. 1990 switches 1535# in Choibalsan (more precisely, in Dornod and Sukhbaatar) took place 1536# at 02:00 standard time, not at 00:00 local time as in the rest of 1537# the country. That would be odd, and possibly is a result of their 1538# correction of 02:00 (in the previous edition) not being done correctly 1539# in the latest edition; so ignore it for now. 1540 1541Rule Mongol 1985 1998 - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 1542Rule Mongol 1984 1998 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 1543# IATA SSIM (1999-09) says Mongolia no longer observes DST. 1544Rule Mongol 2001 only - Apr lastSat 2:00 1:00 S 1545Rule Mongol 2001 2006 - Sep lastSat 2:00 0 - 1546Rule Mongol 2002 2006 - Mar lastSat 2:00 1:00 S 1547 1548# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1549# Hovd, a.k.a. Chovd, Dund-Us, Dzhargalant, Khovd, Jirgalanta 1550Zone Asia/Hovd 6:06:36 - LMT 1905 Aug 1551 6:00 - HOVT 1978 # Hovd Time 1552 7:00 Mongol HOV%sT 1553# Ulaanbaatar, a.k.a. Ulan Bataar, Ulan Bator, Urga 1554Zone Asia/Ulaanbaatar 7:07:32 - LMT 1905 Aug 1555 7:00 - ULAT 1978 # Ulaanbaatar Time 1556 8:00 Mongol ULA%sT 1557# Choibalsan, a.k.a. Bajan Tuemen, Bajan Tumen, Chojbalsan, 1558# Choybalsan, Sanbejse, Tchoibalsan 1559Zone Asia/Choibalsan 7:38:00 - LMT 1905 Aug 1560 7:00 - ULAT 1978 1561 8:00 - ULAT 1983 Apr 1562 9:00 Mongol CHO%sT 2008 Mar 31 # Choibalsan Time 1563 8:00 Mongol CHO%sT 1564 1565# Nepal 1566# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1567Zone Asia/Kathmandu 5:41:16 - LMT 1920 1568 5:30 - IST 1986 1569 5:45 - NPT # Nepal Time 1570 1571# Oman 1572# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1573Zone Asia/Muscat 3:54:20 - LMT 1920 1574 4:00 - GST 1575 1576# Pakistan 1577 1578# From Rives McDow (2002-03-13): 1579# I have been advised that Pakistan has decided to adopt dst on a 1580# TRIAL basis for one year, starting 00:01 local time on April 7, 2002 1581# and ending at 00:01 local time October 6, 2002. This is what I was 1582# told, but I believe that the actual time of change may be 00:00; the 1583# 00:01 was to make it clear which day it was on. 1584 1585# From Paul Eggert (2002-03-15): 1586# Jesper Norgaard found this URL: 1587# http://www.pak.gov.pk/public/news/app/app06_dec.htm 1588# (dated 2001-12-06) which says that the Cabinet adopted a scheme "to 1589# advance the clocks by one hour on the night between the first 1590# Saturday and Sunday of April and revert to the original position on 1591# 15th October each year". This agrees with McDow's 04-07 at 00:00, 1592# but disagrees about the October transition, and makes it sound like 1593# it's not on a trial basis. Also, the "between the first Saturday 1594# and Sunday of April" phrase, if taken literally, means that the 1595# transition takes place at 00:00 on the first Sunday on or after 04-02. 1596 1597# From Paul Eggert (2003-02-09): 1598# DAWN <http://www.dawn.com/2002/10/06/top13.htm> reported on 2002-10-05 1599# that 2002 DST ended that day at midnight. Go with McDow for now. 1600 1601# From Steffen Thorsen (2003-03-14): 1602# According to http://www.dawn.com/2003/03/07/top15.htm 1603# there will be no DST in Pakistan this year: 1604# 1605# ISLAMABAD, March 6: Information and Media Development Minister Sheikh 1606# Rashid Ahmed on Thursday said the cabinet had reversed a previous 1607# decision to advance clocks by one hour in summer and put them back by 1608# one hour in winter with the aim of saving light hours and energy. 1609# 1610# The minister told a news conference that the experiment had rather 1611# shown 8 per cent higher consumption of electricity. 1612 1613# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-15): 1614# 1615# Here is an article that Pakistan plan to introduce Daylight Saving Time 1616# on June 1, 2008 for 3 months. 1617# 1618# "... The federal cabinet on Wednesday announced a new conservation plan to help 1619# reduce load shedding by approving the closure of commercial centres at 9pm and 1620# moving clocks forward by one hour for the next three months. 1621# ...." 1622# 1623# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.net/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan01.html"> 1624# http://www.worldtimezone.net/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan01.html 1625# </a> 1626# OR 1627# <a href="http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2008%5C05%5C15%5Cstory_15-5-2008_pg1_4"> 1628# http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2008%5C05%5C15%5Cstory_15-5-2008_pg1_4 1629# </a> 1630 1631# From Arthur David Olson (2008-05-19): 1632# XXX--midnight transitions is a guess; 2008 only is a guess. 1633 1634# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2008-08-28): 1635# Pakistan government has decided to keep the watches one-hour advanced 1636# for another 2 months--plan to return to Standard Time on October 31 1637# instead of August 31. 1638# 1639# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan02.html"> 1640# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan02.html 1641# </a> 1642# OR 1643# <a href="http://dailymailnews.com/200808/28/news/dmbrn03.html"> 1644# http://dailymailnews.com/200808/28/news/dmbrn03.html 1645# </a> 1646 1647# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-04-08): 1648# Based on previous media reports that "... proposed plan to 1649# advance clocks by one hour from May 1 will cause disturbance 1650# to the working schedules rather than bringing discipline in 1651# official working." 1652# <a href="http://www.thenews.com.pk/daily_detail.asp?id=171280"> 1653# http://www.thenews.com.pk/daily_detail.asp?id=171280 1654# </a> 1655# 1656# recent news that instead of May 2009 - Pakistan plan to 1657# introduce DST from April 15, 2009 1658# 1659# FYI: Associated Press Of Pakistan 1660# April 08, 2009 1661# Cabinet okays proposal to advance clocks by one hour from April 15 1662# <a href="http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=73043&Itemid=1"> 1663# http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=73043&Itemid=1 1664# </a> 1665# 1666# or 1667# 1668# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan05.html"> 1669# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan05.html 1670# </a> 1671# 1672# .... 1673# The Federal Cabinet on Wednesday approved the proposal to 1674# advance clocks in the country by one hour from April 15 to 1675# conserve energy" 1676 1677# From Arthur David Olson (2009-04-10): 1678# Assume for now that Pakistan will end DST in 2009 as it did in 2008. 1679 1680# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1681Rule Pakistan 2002 only - Apr Sun>=2 0:01 1:00 S 1682Rule Pakistan 2002 only - Oct Sun>=2 0:01 0 - 1683Rule Pakistan 2008 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S 1684Rule Pakistan 2008 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 1685Rule Pakistan 2009 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 S 1686Rule Pakistan 2009 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 1687# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1688Zone Asia/Karachi 4:28:12 - LMT 1907 1689 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep 1690 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 15 1691 5:30 - IST 1951 Sep 30 1692 5:00 - KART 1971 Mar 26 # Karachi Time 1693 5:00 Pakistan PK%sT # Pakistan Time 1694 1695# Palestine 1696 1697# From Amos Shapir (1998-02-15): 1698# 1699# From 1917 until 1948-05-15, all of Palestine, including the parts now 1700# known as the Gaza Strip and the West Bank, was under British rule. 1701# Therefore the rules given for Israel for that period, apply there too... 1702# 1703# The Gaza Strip was under Egyptian rule between 1948-05-15 until 1967-06-05 1704# (except a short occupation by Israel from 1956-11 till 1957-03, but no 1705# time zone was affected then). It was never formally annexed to Egypt, 1706# though. 1707# 1708# The rest of Palestine was under Jordanian rule at that time, formally 1709# annexed in 1950 as the West Bank (and the word "Trans" was dropped from 1710# the country's previous name of "the Hashemite Kingdom of the 1711# Trans-Jordan"). So the rules for Jordan for that time apply. Major 1712# towns in that area are Nablus (Shchem), El-Halil (Hebron), Ramallah, and 1713# East Jerusalem. 1714# 1715# Both areas were occupied by Israel in June 1967, but not annexed (except 1716# for East Jerusalem). They were on Israel time since then; there might 1717# have been a Military Governor's order about time zones, but I'm not aware 1718# of any (such orders may have been issued semi-annually whenever summer 1719# time was in effect, but maybe the legal aspect of time was just neglected). 1720# 1721# The Palestinian Authority was established in 1993, and got hold of most 1722# towns in the West Bank and Gaza by 1995. I know that in order to 1723# demonstrate...independence, they have been switching to 1724# summer time and back on a different schedule than Israel's, but I don't 1725# know when this was started, or what algorithm is used (most likely the 1726# Jordanian one). 1727# 1728# To summarize, the table should probably look something like that: 1729# 1730# Area \ when | 1918-1947 | 1948-1967 | 1967-1995 | 1996- 1731# ------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+----------- 1732# Israel | Zion | Zion | Zion | Zion 1733# West bank | Zion | Jordan | Zion | Jordan 1734# Gaza | Zion | Egypt | Zion | Jordan 1735# 1736# I guess more info may be available from the PA's web page (if/when they 1737# have one). 1738 1739# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 1740# Shanks & Pottenger write that Gaza did not observe DST until 1957, but go 1741# with Shapir and assume that it observed DST from 1940 through 1947, 1742# and that it used Jordanian rules starting in 1996. 1743# We don't yet need a separate entry for the West Bank, since 1744# the only differences between it and Gaza that we know about 1745# occurred before our cutoff date of 1970. 1746# However, as we get more information, we may need to add entries 1747# for parts of the West Bank as they transitioned from Israel's rules 1748# to Palestine's rules. If you have more info about this, please 1749# send it to tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for incorporation into future editions. 1750 1751# From IINS News Service - Israel - 1998-03-23 10:38:07 Israel time, 1752# forwarded by Ephraim Silverberg: 1753# 1754# Despite the fact that Israel changed over to daylight savings time 1755# last week, the PLO Authority (PA) has decided not to turn its clocks 1756# one-hour forward at this time. As a sign of independence from Israeli rule, 1757# the PA has decided to implement DST in April. 1758 1759# From Paul Eggert (1999-09-20): 1760# Daoud Kuttab writes in 1761# <a href="http://www.jpost.com/com/Archive/22.Apr.1999/Opinion/Article-2.html"> 1762# Holiday havoc 1763# </a> (Jerusalem Post, 1999-04-22) that 1764# the Palestinian National Authority changed to DST on 1999-04-15. 1765# I vaguely recall that they switch back in October (sorry, forgot the source). 1766# For now, let's assume that the spring switch was at 24:00, 1767# and that they switch at 0:00 on the 3rd Fridays of April and October. 1768 1769# From Paul Eggert (2005-11-22): 1770# Starting 2004 transitions are from Steffen Thorsen's web site timeanddate.com. 1771 1772# From Steffen Thorsen (2005-11-23): 1773# A user from Gaza reported that Gaza made the change early because of 1774# the Ramadan. Next year Ramadan will be even earlier, so I think 1775# there is a good chance next year's end date will be around two weeks 1776# earlier--the same goes for Jordan. 1777 1778# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-08-17): 1779# I was informed by a user in Bethlehem that in Bethlehem it started the 1780# same day as Israel, and after checking with other users in the area, I 1781# was informed that they started DST one day after Israel. I was not 1782# able to find any authoritative sources at the time, nor details if 1783# Gaza changed as well, but presumed Gaza to follow the same rules as 1784# the West Bank. 1785 1786# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-09-26): 1787# according to the Palestine News Network (2006-09-19): 1788# http://english.pnn.ps/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=596&Itemid=5 1789# > The Council of Ministers announced that this year its winter schedule 1790# > will begin early, as of midnight Thursday. It is also time to turn 1791# > back the clocks for winter. Friday will begin an hour late this week. 1792# I guess it is likely that next year's date will be moved as well, 1793# because of the Ramadan. 1794 1795# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2007-09-18): 1796# According to Steffen Thorsen's web site the Gaza Strip and the rest of the 1797# Palestinian territories left DST early on 13.th. of September at 2:00. 1798 1799# From Paul Eggert (2007-09-20): 1800# My understanding is that Gaza and the West Bank disagree even over when 1801# the weekend is (Thursday+Friday versus Friday+Saturday), so I'd be a bit 1802# surprised if they agreed about DST. But for now, assume they agree. 1803# For lack of better information, predict that future changes will be 1804# the 2nd Thursday of September at 02:00. 1805 1806# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2008-08-28): 1807# Here is an article, that Mideast running on different clocks at Ramadan. 1808# 1809# Gaza Strip (as Egypt) ended DST at midnight Thursday (Aug 28, 2008), while 1810# the West Bank will end Daylight Saving Time at midnight Sunday (Aug 31, 2008). 1811# 1812# <a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/feedarticle/7759001"> 1813# http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/feedarticle/7759001 1814# </a> 1815# <a href="http://www.abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory?id=5676087"> 1816# http://www.abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory?id=5676087 1817# </a> 1818# or 1819# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip01.html"> 1820# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip01.html 1821# </a> 1822 1823# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-26): 1824# According to the Palestine News Network (arabic.pnn.ps), Palestinian 1825# government decided to start Daylight Time on Thursday night March 1826# 26 and continue until the night of 27 September 2009. 1827# 1828# (in Arabic) 1829# <a href="http://arabic.pnn.ps/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=50850"> 1830# http://arabic.pnn.ps/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=50850 1831# </a> 1832# 1833# or 1834# (English translation) 1835# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_westbank01.html"> 1836# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_westbank01.html 1837# </a> 1838
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