1# @(#)antarctica 7.18
| 1# @(#)antarctica 7.21
|
2
3# From Paul Eggert (1999-11-15):
4# To keep things manageable, we list only locations occupied year-round; see
5# <a href="http://www.comnap.aq/comnap/comnap.nsf/P/Stations/">
6# COMNAP - Stations and Bases
7# </a>
8# and
9# <a href="http://www.spri.cam.ac.uk/bob/periant.htm">
10# Summary of the Peri-Antarctic Islands (1998-07-23)
11# </a>
12# for information.
13# Unless otherwise specified, we have no time zone information.
14#
15# Except for the French entries,
16# I made up all time zone abbreviations mentioned here; corrections welcome!
| 2
3# From Paul Eggert (1999-11-15):
4# To keep things manageable, we list only locations occupied year-round; see
5# <a href="http://www.comnap.aq/comnap/comnap.nsf/P/Stations/">
6# COMNAP - Stations and Bases
7# </a>
8# and
9# <a href="http://www.spri.cam.ac.uk/bob/periant.htm">
10# Summary of the Peri-Antarctic Islands (1998-07-23)
11# </a>
12# for information.
13# Unless otherwise specified, we have no time zone information.
14#
15# Except for the French entries,
16# I made up all time zone abbreviations mentioned here; corrections welcome!
|
17# FORMAT is `___' and GMTOFF is 0 for locations while uninhabited.
| 17# FORMAT is `zzz' and GMTOFF is 0 for locations while uninhabited.
|
18
| 18
|
| 19# These rules are stolen from the `europe' file.
20# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
21Rule RussAQ 1981 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
22Rule RussAQ 1981 1983 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
23Rule RussAQ 1984 1991 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 -
24Rule RussAQ 1985 1991 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S
25Rule RussAQ 1992 only - Mar lastSat 23:00 1:00 S
26Rule RussAQ 1992 only - Sep lastSat 23:00 0 -
27Rule RussAQ 1993 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S
28Rule RussAQ 1993 1995 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 -
29Rule RussAQ 1996 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 -
30
|
19# These rules are stolen from the `southamerica' file.
20# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
21Rule ArgAQ 1964 1966 - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
22Rule ArgAQ 1964 1966 - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S
23Rule ArgAQ 1967 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
24Rule ArgAQ 1967 1968 - Oct Sun<=7 0:00 1:00 S
25Rule ArgAQ 1968 1969 - Apr Sun<=7 0:00 0 -
26Rule ArgAQ 1974 only - Jan 23 0:00 1:00 S
27Rule ArgAQ 1974 only - May 1 0:00 0 -
28Rule ArgAQ 1974 1976 - Oct Sun<=7 0:00 1:00 S
29Rule ArgAQ 1975 1977 - Apr Sun<=7 0:00 0 -
30Rule ChileAQ 1969 1997 - Oct Sun>=9 0:00 1:00 S
31Rule ChileAQ 1970 1998 - Mar Sun>=9 0:00 0 -
32Rule ChileAQ 1998 only - Sep 27 0:00 1:00 S
33Rule ChileAQ 1999 only - Apr 4 0:00 0 -
34Rule ChileAQ 1999 max - Oct Sun>=9 0:00 1:00 S
35Rule ChileAQ 2000 max - Mar Sun>=9 0:00 0 -
36
37
38# Argentina - year-round bases
39# Belgrano II, Confin Coast, -770227-0343737, since 1972-02-05
40# Esperanza, San Martin Land, -6323-05659, since 1952-12-17
41# Jubany, Potter Peninsula, King George Island, -6414-0602320, since 1982-01
42# Marambio, Seymour I, -6414-05637, since 1969-10-29
43# Orcadas, Laurie I, -6016-04444, since 1904-02-22
44# San Martin, Debenham I, -6807-06708, since 1951-03-21
45# (except 1960-03 / 1976-03-21)
46
47# Australia - territories
48# Heard Island, McDonald Islands (uninhabited)
49# previously sealers and scientific personnel wintered
50# <a href="http://www.dstc.qut.edu.au/DST/marg/daylight.html">
51# Margaret Turner reports
52# </a> (1999-09-30) that they're UTC+5, with no DST;
53# presumably this is when they have visitors.
54#
55# year-round bases
56# Casey, Bailey Peninsula, -6617+11032, since 1969
57# Davis, Vestfold Hills, -6835+07759, since 1957-01-13
58# (except 1964-11 - 1969-02)
59# Mawson, Holme Bay, -6736+06253, since 1954-02-13
60# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
| 31# These rules are stolen from the `southamerica' file.
32# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
33Rule ArgAQ 1964 1966 - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
34Rule ArgAQ 1964 1966 - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S
35Rule ArgAQ 1967 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
36Rule ArgAQ 1967 1968 - Oct Sun<=7 0:00 1:00 S
37Rule ArgAQ 1968 1969 - Apr Sun<=7 0:00 0 -
38Rule ArgAQ 1974 only - Jan 23 0:00 1:00 S
39Rule ArgAQ 1974 only - May 1 0:00 0 -
40Rule ArgAQ 1974 1976 - Oct Sun<=7 0:00 1:00 S
41Rule ArgAQ 1975 1977 - Apr Sun<=7 0:00 0 -
42Rule ChileAQ 1969 1997 - Oct Sun>=9 0:00 1:00 S
43Rule ChileAQ 1970 1998 - Mar Sun>=9 0:00 0 -
44Rule ChileAQ 1998 only - Sep 27 0:00 1:00 S
45Rule ChileAQ 1999 only - Apr 4 0:00 0 -
46Rule ChileAQ 1999 max - Oct Sun>=9 0:00 1:00 S
47Rule ChileAQ 2000 max - Mar Sun>=9 0:00 0 -
48
49
50# Argentina - year-round bases
51# Belgrano II, Confin Coast, -770227-0343737, since 1972-02-05
52# Esperanza, San Martin Land, -6323-05659, since 1952-12-17
53# Jubany, Potter Peninsula, King George Island, -6414-0602320, since 1982-01
54# Marambio, Seymour I, -6414-05637, since 1969-10-29
55# Orcadas, Laurie I, -6016-04444, since 1904-02-22
56# San Martin, Debenham I, -6807-06708, since 1951-03-21
57# (except 1960-03 / 1976-03-21)
58
59# Australia - territories
60# Heard Island, McDonald Islands (uninhabited)
61# previously sealers and scientific personnel wintered
62# <a href="http://www.dstc.qut.edu.au/DST/marg/daylight.html">
63# Margaret Turner reports
64# </a> (1999-09-30) that they're UTC+5, with no DST;
65# presumably this is when they have visitors.
66#
67# year-round bases
68# Casey, Bailey Peninsula, -6617+11032, since 1969
69# Davis, Vestfold Hills, -6835+07759, since 1957-01-13
70# (except 1964-11 - 1969-02)
71# Mawson, Holme Bay, -6736+06253, since 1954-02-13
72# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
|
61Zone Antarctica/Casey 0 - ___ 1969
| 73Zone Antarctica/Casey 0 - zzz 1969
|
62 8:00 - WST # Western (Aus) Standard Time
| 74 8:00 - WST # Western (Aus) Standard Time
|
63Zone Antarctica/Davis 0 - ___ 1957 Jan 13
| 75Zone Antarctica/Davis 0 - zzz 1957 Jan 13
|
64 7:00 - DAVT 1964 Nov # Davis Time
| 76 7:00 - DAVT 1964 Nov # Davis Time
|
65 0 - ___ 1969 Feb
| 77 0 - zzz 1969 Feb
|
66 7:00 - DAVT
| 78 7:00 - DAVT
|
67Zone Antarctica/Mawson 0 - ___ 1954 Feb 13
| 79Zone Antarctica/Mawson 0 - zzz 1954 Feb 13
|
68 6:00 - MAWT # Mawson Time
69# References:
70# <a href="http://www.antdiv.gov.au/aad/exop/sfo/casey/casey_aws.html">
71# Casey Weather (1998-02-26)
72# </a>
73# <a href="http://www.antdiv.gov.au/aad/exop/sfo/davis/video.html">
74# Davis Station, Antarctica (1998-02-26)
75# </a>
76# <a href="http://www.antdiv.gov.au/aad/exop/sfo/mawson/video.html">
77# Mawson Station, Antarctica (1998-02-25)
78# </a>
79
80# Brazil - year-round base
81# Ferraz, King George Island, since 1983/4
82
83# Chile - year-round bases
84# Escudero, South Shetland Is, -621157-0585735, since 1994
85# Frei, King George Is, -6214-05848, since 1969
86# O'Higgins, Antarctic Peninsula, -6319-05704, since 1948-02
87# Prat, -6230-05941
88
89# China - year-round bases
90# Great Wall, King George Island, since 1985-02-20
91# Zhongshan, Larsemann Hills, Prydz Bay, since 1989-02-26
92
93# France - year-round bases
94#
95# From Antoine Leca <Antoine.Leca@Renault.FR> (1997-01-20):
96# Time data are from Nicole Pailleau at the IFRTP
97# (French Institute for Polar Research and Technology).
98# She confirms that French Southern Territories and Terre Adelie bases
99# don't observe daylight saving time, even if Terre Adelie supplies came
100# from Tasmania.
101#
102# French Southern Territories with year-round inhabitants
103#
104# Martin-de-Vivies Base, Amsterdam Island, -374105+0773155, since 1950
105# Alfred-Faure Base, Crozet Islands, -462551+0515152, since 1964
106# Port-aux-Francais, Kerguelen Islands, -492110+0701303, since 1951;
107# whaling & sealing station operated 1908/1914, 1920/1929, and 1951/1956
108#
109# St Paul Island - near Amsterdam, uninhabited
110# fishing stations operated variously 1819/1931
111#
112# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
| 80 6:00 - MAWT # Mawson Time
81# References:
82# <a href="http://www.antdiv.gov.au/aad/exop/sfo/casey/casey_aws.html">
83# Casey Weather (1998-02-26)
84# </a>
85# <a href="http://www.antdiv.gov.au/aad/exop/sfo/davis/video.html">
86# Davis Station, Antarctica (1998-02-26)
87# </a>
88# <a href="http://www.antdiv.gov.au/aad/exop/sfo/mawson/video.html">
89# Mawson Station, Antarctica (1998-02-25)
90# </a>
91
92# Brazil - year-round base
93# Ferraz, King George Island, since 1983/4
94
95# Chile - year-round bases
96# Escudero, South Shetland Is, -621157-0585735, since 1994
97# Frei, King George Is, -6214-05848, since 1969
98# O'Higgins, Antarctic Peninsula, -6319-05704, since 1948-02
99# Prat, -6230-05941
100
101# China - year-round bases
102# Great Wall, King George Island, since 1985-02-20
103# Zhongshan, Larsemann Hills, Prydz Bay, since 1989-02-26
104
105# France - year-round bases
106#
107# From Antoine Leca <Antoine.Leca@Renault.FR> (1997-01-20):
108# Time data are from Nicole Pailleau at the IFRTP
109# (French Institute for Polar Research and Technology).
110# She confirms that French Southern Territories and Terre Adelie bases
111# don't observe daylight saving time, even if Terre Adelie supplies came
112# from Tasmania.
113#
114# French Southern Territories with year-round inhabitants
115#
116# Martin-de-Vivies Base, Amsterdam Island, -374105+0773155, since 1950
117# Alfred-Faure Base, Crozet Islands, -462551+0515152, since 1964
118# Port-aux-Francais, Kerguelen Islands, -492110+0701303, since 1951;
119# whaling & sealing station operated 1908/1914, 1920/1929, and 1951/1956
120#
121# St Paul Island - near Amsterdam, uninhabited
122# fishing stations operated variously 1819/1931
123#
124# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
|
113Zone Indian/Kerguelen 0 - ___ 1950 # Port-aux-Francais
| 125Zone Indian/Kerguelen 0 - zzz 1950 # Port-aux-Francais
|
114 5:00 - TFT # ISO code TF Time
115#
116# year-round base in the main continent
117# Dumont-d'Urville, Ile des Petrels, -6640+14001, since 1956-11
118#
119# Another base at Port-Martin, 50km east, began operation in 1947.
120# It was destroyed by fire on 1952-01-14.
121#
122# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
| 126 5:00 - TFT # ISO code TF Time
127#
128# year-round base in the main continent
129# Dumont-d'Urville, Ile des Petrels, -6640+14001, since 1956-11
130#
131# Another base at Port-Martin, 50km east, began operation in 1947.
132# It was destroyed by fire on 1952-01-14.
133#
134# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
|
123Zone Antarctica/DumontDUrville 0 - ___ 1947
| 135Zone Antarctica/DumontDUrville 0 - zzz 1947
|
124 10:00 - PMT 1952 Jan 14 # Port-Martin Time
| 136 10:00 - PMT 1952 Jan 14 # Port-Martin Time
|
125 0 - ___ 1956 Nov
| 137 0 - zzz 1956 Nov
|
126 10:00 - DDUT # Dumont-d'Urville Time
127# Reference:
128# <a href="http://www.icair.iac.org.nz/science/reports/fr/IFRTP.html">
129# Support and Development of Polar Research and Technology (1997-02-03)
130# </a>
131
132
133# Germany - year-round base
134# Georg von Neumayer
135
136# India - year-round base
137# Dakshin Gangotri
138
139# Japan - year-round bases
140# Dome Fuji
141# Syowa
142#
143# From Hideyuki Suzuki (1999-02-06):
144# In all Japanese stations, +0300 is used as the standard time. [See]
145# <a href="http://www.crl.go.jp/uk/uk201/basyo.htm">[reference in Japanese]</a>
146# and information from KAMO Hiroyasu <wd@ics.nara-wu.ac.jp>.
147#
148# Syowa station, which is the first antarctic station of Japan,
149# was established on 1957-01-29. Since Syowa station is still the main
150# station of Japan, it's appropriate for the principal location.
151# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
| 138 10:00 - DDUT # Dumont-d'Urville Time
139# Reference:
140# <a href="http://www.icair.iac.org.nz/science/reports/fr/IFRTP.html">
141# Support and Development of Polar Research and Technology (1997-02-03)
142# </a>
143
144
145# Germany - year-round base
146# Georg von Neumayer
147
148# India - year-round base
149# Dakshin Gangotri
150
151# Japan - year-round bases
152# Dome Fuji
153# Syowa
154#
155# From Hideyuki Suzuki (1999-02-06):
156# In all Japanese stations, +0300 is used as the standard time. [See]
157# <a href="http://www.crl.go.jp/uk/uk201/basyo.htm">[reference in Japanese]</a>
158# and information from KAMO Hiroyasu <wd@ics.nara-wu.ac.jp>.
159#
160# Syowa station, which is the first antarctic station of Japan,
161# was established on 1957-01-29. Since Syowa station is still the main
162# station of Japan, it's appropriate for the principal location.
163# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
|
152Zone Antarctica/Syowa 0 - ___ 1957 Jan 29
| 164Zone Antarctica/Syowa 0 - zzz 1957 Jan 29
|
153 3:00 - SYOT # Syowa Time
154# See:
155# <a href="http://www.nipr.ac.jp/english/ara01.html">
156# NIPR Antarctic Research Activities (1999-08-17)
157# </a>
158
159# S Korea - year-round base
160# King Sejong, King George Island, since 1988
161
162# New Zealand - claims
163# Balleny Islands (never inhabited)
164# Scott Island (never inhabited)
165#
166# year-round base
167# Scott, Ross Island, since 1957-01, is like Antarctica/McMurdo.
168#
169# These rules for New Zealand are stolen from the `australasia' file.
170# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
171Rule NZAQ 1974 only - Nov 3 2:00s 1:00 D
172Rule NZAQ 1975 1988 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D
173Rule NZAQ 1989 only - Oct 8 2:00s 1:00 D
174Rule NZAQ 1990 max - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 D
175Rule NZAQ 1975 only - Feb 23 2:00s 0 S
176Rule NZAQ 1976 1989 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S
177Rule NZAQ 1990 max - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 0 S
178
179# Norway - territories
180# Bouvet (never inhabited)
181#
182# claims
183# Peter I Island (never inhabited)
184
185# Poland - year-round base
186# Arctowski, King George Island, -620945-0582745, since 1977
187
188# Russia - year-round bases
189# Bellingshausen, King George Island, -621159-0585337, since 1968-02-22
190# Mirny, Davis coast, -6633+09301, since 1956-02
| 165 3:00 - SYOT # Syowa Time
166# See:
167# <a href="http://www.nipr.ac.jp/english/ara01.html">
168# NIPR Antarctic Research Activities (1999-08-17)
169# </a>
170
171# S Korea - year-round base
172# King Sejong, King George Island, since 1988
173
174# New Zealand - claims
175# Balleny Islands (never inhabited)
176# Scott Island (never inhabited)
177#
178# year-round base
179# Scott, Ross Island, since 1957-01, is like Antarctica/McMurdo.
180#
181# These rules for New Zealand are stolen from the `australasia' file.
182# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
183Rule NZAQ 1974 only - Nov 3 2:00s 1:00 D
184Rule NZAQ 1975 1988 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D
185Rule NZAQ 1989 only - Oct 8 2:00s 1:00 D
186Rule NZAQ 1990 max - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 D
187Rule NZAQ 1975 only - Feb 23 2:00s 0 S
188Rule NZAQ 1976 1989 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S
189Rule NZAQ 1990 max - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 0 S
190
191# Norway - territories
192# Bouvet (never inhabited)
193#
194# claims
195# Peter I Island (never inhabited)
196
197# Poland - year-round base
198# Arctowski, King George Island, -620945-0582745, since 1977
199
200# Russia - year-round bases
201# Bellingshausen, King George Island, -621159-0585337, since 1968-02-22
202# Mirny, Davis coast, -6633+09301, since 1956-02
|
191# Molodezhnaya
192# Novolazarevskaya
193# Vostok
| 203# Molodezhnaya, Alasheyev Bay, year-round from 1962-02 to 1999-07-01
204# Novolazarevskaya, Queen Maud Land, -7046+01150,
205# year-round from 1960/61 to 1992
|
194
| 206
|
| 207# Vostok, since 1957-12-16, temporarily closed 1994-02/1994-11
208# <a href="http://quest.arc.nasa.gov/antarctica/QA/computers/Directions,Time,ZIP">
209# From Craig Mundell (1994-12-15)</a>:
210# Vostok, which is one of the Russian stations, is set on the same
211# time as Moscow, Russia.
212#
213# From Lee Hotz (2001-03-08):
214# I queried the folks at Columbia who spent the summer at Vostok and this is
215# what they had to say about time there:
216# ``in the US Camp (East Camp) we have been on New Zealand (McMurdo)
217# time, which is 12 hours ahead of GMT. The Russian Station Vostok was
218# 6 hours behind that (although only 2 miles away, i.e. 6 hours ahead
219# of GMT). This is a time zone I think two hours east of Moscow. The
220# natural time zone is in between the two: 8 hours ahead of GMT.''
221#
222Zone Antarctica/Vostok 0 - zzz 1957 Dec 16
223 6:00 - VOST # Vostok time
224
|
195# S Africa - year-round bases
196# Marion Island
197# Sanae
198
199# UK
200#
201# British Antarctic Territories (BAT) claims
202# South Orkney Islands
203# scientific station from 1903
204# whaling station at Signy I 1920/1926
205# South Shetland Islands
| 225# S Africa - year-round bases
226# Marion Island
227# Sanae
228
229# UK
230#
231# British Antarctic Territories (BAT) claims
232# South Orkney Islands
233# scientific station from 1903
234# whaling station at Signy I 1920/1926
235# South Shetland Islands
|
206# whaling station at Deception I 1912/1931
207# scientific station from 1943;
208# previously sealers and a scientific expedition wintered by accident,
209# and a garrison was deployed briefly
| |
210#
211# year-round bases
212# Bird Island, South Georgia, -5400-03803, since 1983
| 236#
237# year-round bases
238# Bird Island, South Georgia, -5400-03803, since 1983
|
213# Halley, Coates Land, -7535-2619, since 1956-01-06
| 239# Deception Island, -6259-06034, whaling station 1912/1931,
240# scientific station 1943/1967,
241# previously sealers and a scientific expedition wintered by accident,
242# and a garrison was deployed briefly
243# Halley, Coates Land, -7535-02604, since 1956-01-06
244# Halley is on a moving ice shelf and is periodically relocated
245# so that it is never more than 10km from its nominal location.
|
214# Rothera, Adelaide Island, -6734-6808, since 1976-12-01
215
216# Uruguay - year round base
217# Artigas, King George Island, -621104-0585107
218
219# USA - year-round bases
220#
221# Palmer, Anvers Island, since 1965 (moved 2 miles in 1968)
222#
223# From Ethan Dicks <erd@mcmsun5.mcmurdo.gov> (1996-10-06):
224# It keeps the same time as Punta Arenas, Chile, because, just like us
225# and the South Pole, that's the other end of their supply line....
226# I verified with someone who was there that since 1980,
227# Palmer has followed Chile. Prior to that, before the Falklands War,
228# Palmer used to be supplied from Argentina.
229#
230# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
| 246# Rothera, Adelaide Island, -6734-6808, since 1976-12-01
247
248# Uruguay - year round base
249# Artigas, King George Island, -621104-0585107
250
251# USA - year-round bases
252#
253# Palmer, Anvers Island, since 1965 (moved 2 miles in 1968)
254#
255# From Ethan Dicks <erd@mcmsun5.mcmurdo.gov> (1996-10-06):
256# It keeps the same time as Punta Arenas, Chile, because, just like us
257# and the South Pole, that's the other end of their supply line....
258# I verified with someone who was there that since 1980,
259# Palmer has followed Chile. Prior to that, before the Falklands War,
260# Palmer used to be supplied from Argentina.
261#
262# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
|
231Zone Antarctica/Palmer 0 - ___ 1965
| 263Zone Antarctica/Palmer 0 - zzz 1965
|
232 -4:00 ArgAQ AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
233 -3:00 ArgAQ AR%sT 1982 May
234 -4:00 ChileAQ CL%sT
235#
236#
| 264 -4:00 ArgAQ AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
265 -3:00 ArgAQ AR%sT 1982 May
266 -4:00 ChileAQ CL%sT
267#
268#
|
237# McMurdo, Ross Island, since 1956
| 269# McMurdo, Ross Island, since 1955-12
|
238# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
| 270# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
|
239Zone Antarctica/McMurdo 0 - ___ 1956
| 271Zone Antarctica/McMurdo 0 - zzz 1956
|
240 12:00 NZAQ NZ%sT
241#
| 272 12:00 NZAQ NZ%sT
273#
|
242# Amundsen-Scott, South Pole, since 1957-01-23
| 274# Amundsen-Scott, South Pole, continuously occupied since 1956-11-20
275#
|
243# From Paul Eggert (1996-09-03):
244# Normally it wouldn't have a separate entry, since it's like the
245# larger Antarctica/McMurdo since 1970, but it's too famous to omit.
246#
247# From Chris Carrier <72157.3334@CompuServe.COM> (1996-06-27):
248# Siple, the first commander of the South Pole station,
249# stated that he would have liked to have kept GMT at the station,
250# but that he found it more convenient to keep GMT+12
251# as supplies for the station were coming from McMurdo Sound,
252# which was on GMT+12 because New Zealand was on GMT+12 all year
253# at that time (1957). (Source: Siple's book 90 degrees SOUTH.)
254#
255# From Susan Smith
256# http://www.cybertours.com/whs/pole10.html
257# (1995-11-13 16:24:56 +1300, no longer available):
258# We use the same time as McMurdo does.
259# And they use the same time as Christchurch, NZ does....
260# One last quirk about South Pole time.
261# All the electric clocks are usually wrong.
262# Something about the generators running at 60.1hertz or something
263# makes all of the clocks run fast. So every couple of days,
264# we have to go around and set them back 5 minutes or so.
265# Maybe if we let them run fast all of the time, we'd get to leave here sooner!!
266#
267Link Antarctica/McMurdo Antarctica/South_Pole
| 276# From Paul Eggert (1996-09-03):
277# Normally it wouldn't have a separate entry, since it's like the
278# larger Antarctica/McMurdo since 1970, but it's too famous to omit.
279#
280# From Chris Carrier <72157.3334@CompuServe.COM> (1996-06-27):
281# Siple, the first commander of the South Pole station,
282# stated that he would have liked to have kept GMT at the station,
283# but that he found it more convenient to keep GMT+12
284# as supplies for the station were coming from McMurdo Sound,
285# which was on GMT+12 because New Zealand was on GMT+12 all year
286# at that time (1957). (Source: Siple's book 90 degrees SOUTH.)
287#
288# From Susan Smith
289# http://www.cybertours.com/whs/pole10.html
290# (1995-11-13 16:24:56 +1300, no longer available):
291# We use the same time as McMurdo does.
292# And they use the same time as Christchurch, NZ does....
293# One last quirk about South Pole time.
294# All the electric clocks are usually wrong.
295# Something about the generators running at 60.1hertz or something
296# makes all of the clocks run fast. So every couple of days,
297# we have to go around and set them back 5 minutes or so.
298# Maybe if we let them run fast all of the time, we'd get to leave here sooner!!
299#
300Link Antarctica/McMurdo Antarctica/South_Pole
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