1.\"-
2.\" Copyright (c) 1990, 1993
3.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
4.\"
5.\" This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
6.\" Keith Muller of the University of California, San Diego.
7.\"
8.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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25.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
26.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
27.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
28.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
29.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
30.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
31.\"
32.\" @(#)dd.1 8.2 (Berkeley) 1/13/94
33.\" $FreeBSD: head/bin/dd/dd.1 255977 2013-10-01 18:41:53Z pluknet $
34.\"
35.Dd October 1, 2013
36.Dt DD 1
37.Os
38.Sh NAME
39.Nm dd
40.Nd convert and copy a file
41.Sh SYNOPSIS
42.Nm
43.Op Ar operands ...
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151blocks from the beginning of the input before copying.
152On input which supports seeks, an
153.Xr lseek 2
154operation is used.
155Otherwise, input data is read and discarded.
156For pipes, the correct number of bytes is read.
157For all other devices, the correct number of blocks is read without
158distinguishing between a partial or complete block being read.
159.It Cm conv Ns = Ns Ar value Ns Op , Ns Ar value ...
160Where
161.Cm value
162is one of the symbols from the following list.
163.Bl -tag -width ".Cm unblock"
164.It Cm ascii , oldascii
165The same as the
166.Cm unblock
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405.Sh STANDARDS
406The
407.Nm
408utility is expected to be a superset of the
409.St -p1003.2
410standard.
411The
412.Cm files
413operand and the
414.Cm ascii ,
415.Cm ebcdic ,
416.Cm ibm ,
417.Cm oldascii ,
418.Cm oldebcdic
419and
420.Cm oldibm
421values are extensions to the
422.Tn POSIX
423standard.
424.Sh BUGS
425Protection mechanisms in the
426.Xr geom 4
427subsystem might prevent the super-user from writing blocks to a disk.
428Instructions for temporarily disabling these protection mechanisms can be
429found in the
430.Xr geom 4
431manpage.
2.\" Copyright (c) 1990, 1993
3.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
4.\"
5.\" This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
6.\" Keith Muller of the University of California, San Diego.
7.\"
8.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
--- 16 unchanged lines hidden (view full) ---
25.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
26.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
27.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
28.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
29.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
30.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
31.\"
32.\" @(#)dd.1 8.2 (Berkeley) 1/13/94
33.\" $FreeBSD: head/bin/dd/dd.1 255977 2013-10-01 18:41:53Z pluknet $
34.\"
35.Dd October 1, 2013
36.Dt DD 1
37.Os
38.Sh NAME
39.Nm dd
40.Nd convert and copy a file
41.Sh SYNOPSIS
42.Nm
43.Op Ar operands ...
--- 107 unchanged lines hidden (view full) ---
151blocks from the beginning of the input before copying.
152On input which supports seeks, an
153.Xr lseek 2
154operation is used.
155Otherwise, input data is read and discarded.
156For pipes, the correct number of bytes is read.
157For all other devices, the correct number of blocks is read without
158distinguishing between a partial or complete block being read.
159.It Cm conv Ns = Ns Ar value Ns Op , Ns Ar value ...
160Where
161.Cm value
162is one of the symbols from the following list.
163.Bl -tag -width ".Cm unblock"
164.It Cm ascii , oldascii
165The same as the
166.Cm unblock
--- 238 unchanged lines hidden (view full) ---
405.Sh STANDARDS
406The
407.Nm
408utility is expected to be a superset of the
409.St -p1003.2
410standard.
411The
412.Cm files
413operand and the
414.Cm ascii ,
415.Cm ebcdic ,
416.Cm ibm ,
417.Cm oldascii ,
418.Cm oldebcdic
419and
420.Cm oldibm
421values are extensions to the
422.Tn POSIX
423standard.
424.Sh BUGS
425Protection mechanisms in the
426.Xr geom 4
427subsystem might prevent the super-user from writing blocks to a disk.
428Instructions for temporarily disabling these protection mechanisms can be
429found in the
430.Xr geom 4
431manpage.