| newfs.8 (96707) | newfs.8 (98542) |
|---|---|
| 1.\" Copyright (c) 1983, 1987, 1991, 1993, 1994 2.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 3.\" 4.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 5.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 6.\" are met: 7.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 8.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. --- 16 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 25.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 26.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 27.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 28.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 29.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 30.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 31.\" 32.\" @(#)newfs.8 8.6 (Berkeley) 5/3/95 | 1.\" Copyright (c) 1983, 1987, 1991, 1993, 1994 2.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 3.\" 4.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 5.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 6.\" are met: 7.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 8.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. --- 16 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 25.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 26.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 27.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 28.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 29.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 30.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 31.\" 32.\" @(#)newfs.8 8.6 (Berkeley) 5/3/95 |
| 33.\" $FreeBSD: head/sbin/newfs/newfs.8 96707 2002-05-16 04:10:46Z trhodes $ | 33.\" $FreeBSD: head/sbin/newfs/newfs.8 98542 2002-06-21 06:18:05Z mckusick $ |
| 34.\" | 34.\" |
| 35.Dd May 29, 2001 | 35.Dd May 18, 2002 |
| 36.Dt NEWFS 8 37.Os 38.Sh NAME 39.Nm newfs , 40.Nd construct a new filesystem 41.Sh SYNOPSIS 42.Nm | 36.Dt NEWFS 8 37.Os 38.Sh NAME 39.Nm newfs , 40.Nd construct a new filesystem 41.Sh SYNOPSIS 42.Nm |
| 43.Op Fl NOU | 43.Op Fl NU 44.Op Fl O Ar filesystem-type |
| 44.Op Fl S Ar sector-size 45.Op Fl T Ar disktype 46.Op Fl a Ar maxcontig 47.Op Fl b Ar block-size | 45.Op Fl S Ar sector-size 46.Op Fl T Ar disktype 47.Op Fl a Ar maxcontig 48.Op Fl b Ar block-size |
| 48.Op Fl c Ar cylinders | 49.Op Fl c Ar blocks-per-cylinder-group 50.Op Fl d Ar max-extent-size |
| 49.Op Fl e Ar maxbpg 50.Op Fl f Ar frag-size 51.Op Fl g Ar avgfilesize 52.Op Fl h Ar avfpdir 53.Op Fl i Ar bytes 54.Op Fl m Ar free space 55.Op Fl o Ar optimization 56.Op Fl s Ar size | 51.Op Fl e Ar maxbpg 52.Op Fl f Ar frag-size 53.Op Fl g Ar avgfilesize 54.Op Fl h Ar avfpdir 55.Op Fl i Ar bytes 56.Op Fl m Ar free space 57.Op Fl o Ar optimization 58.Op Fl s Ar size |
| 57.Op Fl u Ar sectors | |
| 58.Ar special 59.Sh DESCRIPTION 60.Nm Newfs 61is used to initialize and clear filesystems before first use. 62Before running 63.Nm 64the disk must be labeled using 65.Xr disklabel 8 . --- 11 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 77.Pp 78The following options define the general layout policies: 79.Bl -tag -width indent 80.It Fl T Ar disktype 81For backward compatibility. 82.It Fl N 83Cause the filesystem parameters to be printed out 84without really creating the filesystem. | 59.Ar special 60.Sh DESCRIPTION 61.Nm Newfs 62is used to initialize and clear filesystems before first use. 63Before running 64.Nm 65the disk must be labeled using 66.Xr disklabel 8 . --- 11 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 78.Pp 79The following options define the general layout policies: 80.Bl -tag -width indent 81.It Fl T Ar disktype 82For backward compatibility. 83.It Fl N 84Cause the filesystem parameters to be printed out 85without really creating the filesystem. |
| 86.It Fl O 87Use 1 to specify that a UFS1 format filesystem be built; 88use 2 to specify that a UFS2 format filesystem be built. 89The default is UFS1 format, but will eventually be changed to UFS2. |
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| 85.It Fl U 86Enables soft updates on the new filesystem. 87.It Fl a Ar maxcontig 88Specify the maximum number of contiguous blocks that will be 89laid out before forcing a rotational delay. | 90.It Fl U 91Enables soft updates on the new filesystem. 92.It Fl a Ar maxcontig 93Specify the maximum number of contiguous blocks that will be 94laid out before forcing a rotational delay. |
| 90The default value is 1. | 95The default value is 16. |
| 91See 92.Xr tunefs 8 93for more details on how to set this option. 94.It Fl b Ar block-size 95The block size of the filesystem, in bytes. It must be a power of 2. The 96default size is 16384 bytes, and the smallest allowable size is 4096 bytes. 97The optimal block:fragment ratio is 8:1. 98Other ratios are possible, but are not recommended, | 96See 97.Xr tunefs 8 98for more details on how to set this option. 99.It Fl b Ar block-size 100The block size of the filesystem, in bytes. It must be a power of 2. The 101default size is 16384 bytes, and the smallest allowable size is 4096 bytes. 102The optimal block:fragment ratio is 8:1. 103Other ratios are possible, but are not recommended, |
| 99and may produce unpredictable results. 100.It Fl c Ar #cylinders/group 101The number of cylinders per cylinder group in a filesystem. The default | 104and may produce poor results. 105.It Fl c Ar number of blocks per cylinders group 106The number of blocks per cylinder group in a filesystem. The default |
| 102is to compute the maximum allowed by the other parameters. This value is 103dependent on a number of other parameters, in particular the block size 104and the number of bytes per inode. | 107is to compute the maximum allowed by the other parameters. This value is 108dependent on a number of other parameters, in particular the block size 109and the number of bytes per inode. |
| 110.It Fl d Ar max extent size 111The filesystem may choose to store large files using extents. 112This parameter specifies the largest extent size that may be used. 113It is presently limited to its default value which is 16 times 114the filesystem blocksize. |
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| 105.It Fl e Ar maxbpg 106Indicate the maximum number of blocks any single file can 107allocate out of a cylinder group before it is forced to begin 108allocating blocks from another cylinder group. 109The default is about one quarter of the total blocks in a cylinder group. 110See 111.Xr tunefs 8 112for more details on how to set this option. --- 60 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 173(for example on a write-once disk). 174Note that changing any of these values from their defaults will make 175it impossible for 176.Xr fsck 8 177to find the alternate superblocks if the standard superblock is lost. 178.Bl -tag -width indent 179.It Fl S Ar sector-size 180The size of a sector in bytes (almost never anything but 512). | 115.It Fl e Ar maxbpg 116Indicate the maximum number of blocks any single file can 117allocate out of a cylinder group before it is forced to begin 118allocating blocks from another cylinder group. 119The default is about one quarter of the total blocks in a cylinder group. 120See 121.Xr tunefs 8 122for more details on how to set this option. --- 60 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 183(for example on a write-once disk). 184Note that changing any of these values from their defaults will make 185it impossible for 186.Xr fsck 8 187to find the alternate superblocks if the standard superblock is lost. 188.Bl -tag -width indent 189.It Fl S Ar sector-size 190The size of a sector in bytes (almost never anything but 512). |
| 181.It Fl u Ar sectors/cylinders 182The number of sectors per cylinder available for data allocation by the file 183system. 184The default is 4096. 185If zero is specified, the value from the disklabel will be used. | |
| 186.El 187.Sh EXAMPLES 188.Dl newfs /dev/ad3s1a 189.Pp 190Creates a new ufs filesystem on 191.Pa ad3s1a . 192.Nm 193will use a block size of 16384 bytes, a fragment size of 2048 bytes | 191.El 192.Sh EXAMPLES 193.Dl newfs /dev/ad3s1a 194.Pp 195Creates a new ufs filesystem on 196.Pa ad3s1a . 197.Nm 198will use a block size of 16384 bytes, a fragment size of 2048 bytes |
| 194and the largest possible number of cylinders per group. | 199and the largest possible number of blocks per cylinders group. |
| 195These values tend to produce better performance for most applications 196than the historical defaults 197(8192 byte block size and 1024 byte fragment size). | 200These values tend to produce better performance for most applications 201than the historical defaults 202(8192 byte block size and 1024 byte fragment size). |
| 198This large fragment size 199may lead to large amounts of wasted space 200on filesystems that contain a large number of small files. | 203This large fragment size may lead to much wasted space 204on filesystems that contain many small files. |
| 201.Sh SEE ALSO 202.Xr fdformat 1 , 203.Xr disktab 5 , 204.Xr fs 5 , 205.Xr camcontrol 8 , 206.Xr disklabel 8 , 207.Xr diskpart 8 , 208.Xr dumpfs 8 , --- 21 unchanged lines hidden --- | 205.Sh SEE ALSO 206.Xr fdformat 1 , 207.Xr disktab 5 , 208.Xr fs 5 , 209.Xr camcontrol 8 , 210.Xr disklabel 8 , 211.Xr diskpart 8 , 212.Xr dumpfs 8 , --- 21 unchanged lines hidden --- |