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ssh-keygen.1 (181110) ssh-keygen.1 (181111)
1.\" $OpenBSD: ssh-keygen.1,v 1.72 2005/11/28 05:16:53 dtucker Exp $
1.\" $OpenBSD: ssh-keygen.1,v 1.78 2008/06/12 19:10:09 jmc Exp $
2.\"
3.\" -*- nroff -*-
4.\"
5.\" Author: Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi>
6.\" Copyright (c) 1995 Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi>, Espoo, Finland
7.\" All rights reserved
8.\"
9.\" As far as I am concerned, the code I have written for this software

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32.\" IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
33.\" INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
34.\" NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
35.\" DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
36.\" THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
37.\" (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
38.\" THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
39.\"
2.\"
3.\" -*- nroff -*-
4.\"
5.\" Author: Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi>
6.\" Copyright (c) 1995 Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi>, Espoo, Finland
7.\" All rights reserved
8.\"
9.\" As far as I am concerned, the code I have written for this software

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32.\" IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
33.\" INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
34.\" NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
35.\" DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
36.\" THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
37.\" (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
38.\" THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
39.\"
40.Dd September 25, 1999
40.Dd $Mdocdate: June 12 2008 $
41.Dt SSH-KEYGEN 1
42.Os
43.Sh NAME
44.Nm ssh-keygen
45.Nd authentication key generation, management and conversion
46.Sh SYNOPSIS
47.Nm ssh-keygen
48.Bk -words

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200This operation is only supported for RSA1 keys.
201The program will prompt for the file containing the private keys, for
202the passphrase if the key has one, and for the new comment.
203.It Fl D Ar reader
204Download the RSA public key stored in the smartcard in
205.Ar reader .
206.It Fl e
207This option will read a private or public OpenSSH key file and
41.Dt SSH-KEYGEN 1
42.Os
43.Sh NAME
44.Nm ssh-keygen
45.Nd authentication key generation, management and conversion
46.Sh SYNOPSIS
47.Nm ssh-keygen
48.Bk -words

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200This operation is only supported for RSA1 keys.
201The program will prompt for the file containing the private keys, for
202the passphrase if the key has one, and for the new comment.
203.It Fl D Ar reader
204Download the RSA public key stored in the smartcard in
205.Ar reader .
206.It Fl e
207This option will read a private or public OpenSSH key file and
208print the key in a
209.Sq SECSH Public Key File Format
208print the key in
209RFC 4716 SSH Public Key File Format
210to stdout.
211This option allows exporting keys for use by several commercial
212SSH implementations.
213.It Fl F Ar hostname
214Search for the specified
215.Ar hostname
216in a
217.Pa known_hosts

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248This option will not modify existing hashed hostnames and is therefore safe
249to use on files that mix hashed and non-hashed names.
250.It Fl i
251This option will read an unencrypted private (or public) key file
252in SSH2-compatible format and print an OpenSSH compatible private
253(or public) key to stdout.
254.Nm
255also reads the
210to stdout.
211This option allows exporting keys for use by several commercial
212SSH implementations.
213.It Fl F Ar hostname
214Search for the specified
215.Ar hostname
216in a
217.Pa known_hosts

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248This option will not modify existing hashed hostnames and is therefore safe
249to use on files that mix hashed and non-hashed names.
250.It Fl i
251This option will read an unencrypted private (or public) key file
252in SSH2-compatible format and print an OpenSSH compatible private
253(or public) key to stdout.
254.Nm
255also reads the
256.Sq SECSH Public Key File Format .
256RFC 4716 SSH Public Key File Format.
257This option allows importing keys from several commercial
258SSH implementations.
259.It Fl l
260Show fingerprint of specified public key file.
261Private RSA1 keys are also supported.
262For RSA and DSA keys
263.Nm
264tries to find the matching public key file and prints its fingerprint.
257This option allows importing keys from several commercial
258SSH implementations.
259.It Fl l
260Show fingerprint of specified public key file.
261Private RSA1 keys are also supported.
262For RSA and DSA keys
263.Nm
264tries to find the matching public key file and prints its fingerprint.
265If combined with
266.Fl v ,
267an ASCII art representation of the key is supplied with the fingerprint.
265.It Fl M Ar memory
266Specify the amount of memory to use (in megabytes) when generating
267candidate moduli for DH-GEX.
268.It Fl N Ar new_passphrase
269Provides the new passphrase.
270.It Fl P Ar passphrase
271Provides the (old) passphrase.
272.It Fl p

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445.El
446.Sh SEE ALSO
447.Xr ssh 1 ,
448.Xr ssh-add 1 ,
449.Xr ssh-agent 1 ,
450.Xr moduli 5 ,
451.Xr sshd 8
452.Rs
268.It Fl M Ar memory
269Specify the amount of memory to use (in megabytes) when generating
270candidate moduli for DH-GEX.
271.It Fl N Ar new_passphrase
272Provides the new passphrase.
273.It Fl P Ar passphrase
274Provides the (old) passphrase.
275.It Fl p

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448.El
449.Sh SEE ALSO
450.Xr ssh 1 ,
451.Xr ssh-add 1 ,
452.Xr ssh-agent 1 ,
453.Xr moduli 5 ,
454.Xr sshd 8
455.Rs
453.%A J. Galbraith
454.%A R. Thayer
455.%T "SECSH Public Key File Format"
456.%N draft-ietf-secsh-publickeyfile-01.txt
457.%D March 2001
458.%O work in progress material
456.%R RFC 4716
457.%T "The Secure Shell (SSH) Public Key File Format"
458.%D 2006
459.Re
460.Sh AUTHORS
461OpenSSH is a derivative of the original and free
462ssh 1.2.12 release by Tatu Ylonen.
463Aaron Campbell, Bob Beck, Markus Friedl, Niels Provos,
464Theo de Raadt and Dug Song
465removed many bugs, re-added newer features and
466created OpenSSH.
467Markus Friedl contributed the support for SSH
468protocol versions 1.5 and 2.0.
459.Re
460.Sh AUTHORS
461OpenSSH is a derivative of the original and free
462ssh 1.2.12 release by Tatu Ylonen.
463Aaron Campbell, Bob Beck, Markus Friedl, Niels Provos,
464Theo de Raadt and Dug Song
465removed many bugs, re-added newer features and
466created OpenSSH.
467Markus Friedl contributed the support for SSH
468protocol versions 1.5 and 2.0.