1# @(#)southamerica 7.42
2
3# $FreeBSD: head/share/zoneinfo/southamerica 86222 2001-11-09 19:17:59Z wollman $
4
5# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
6# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
7# tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future).
8
9# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1999-07-07):
10# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is
11# Thomas G. Shanks, The International Atlas (5th edition),
12# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1999).
13#
14# Gwillim Law writes that a good source
15# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
16# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
17# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries
18# of the IATA's data after 1990.
19#
20# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks is the source for entries through 1990,
21# and IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990.
22#
23# Earlier editions of these tables used the North American style (e.g. ARST and
24# ARDT for Argentine Standard and Daylight Time), but the following quote
25# suggests that it's better to use European style (e.g. ART and ARST).
26# I suggest the use of _Summer time_ instead of the more cumbersome
27# _daylight-saving time_. _Summer time_ seems to be in general use
28# in Europe and South America.
29# -- E O Cutler, _New York Times_ (1937-02-14), quoted in
30# H L Mencken, _The American Language: Supplement I_ (1960), p 466
31#
32# Earlier editions of these tables also used the North American style
33# for time zones in Brazil, but this was incorrect, as Brazilians say
34# "summer time". Reinaldo Goulart, a Sao Paulo businessman active in
35# the railroad sector, writes (1999-07-06):
36# The subject of time zones is currently a matter of discussion/debate in
37# Brazil. Let's say that "the Brasilia time" is considered the
38# "official time" because Brasilia is the capital city.
39# The other three time zones are called "Brasilia time "minus one" or
40# "plus one" or "plus two". As far as I know there is no such
41# name/designation as "Eastern Time" or "Central Time".
42# So I invented the following (English-language) abbreviations for now.
43# Corrections are welcome!
44# std dst
45# -2:00 FNT FNST Fernando de Noronha
46# -3:00 BRT BRST Brasilia
47# -4:00 AMT AMST Amazon
48# -5:00 ACT ACST Acre
49
50###############################################################################
51
52###############################################################################
53
54# Argentina
55
56# From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
57# Argentina: first Sunday in October to first Sunday in April since 1976.
58# Double Summer time from 1969 to 1974. Switches at midnight.
59
60# From U. S. Naval Observatory (1988-01-199):
61# ARGENTINA 3 H BEHIND UTC
62
63# From Hernan G. Otero <hernan@isoft.com.ar> (1995-06-26):
64# I am sending modifications to the Argentine time zone table...
65# AR was chosen because they are the ISO letters that represent Argentina.
66
67# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
68Rule Arg 1930 only - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 S
69Rule Arg 1931 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
70Rule Arg 1931 only - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S
71Rule Arg 1932 1940 - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
72Rule Arg 1932 1939 - Nov 1 0:00 1:00 S
73Rule Arg 1940 only - Jul 1 0:00 1:00 S
74Rule Arg 1941 only - Jun 15 0:00 0 -
75Rule Arg 1941 only - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S
76Rule Arg 1943 only - Aug 1 0:00 0 -
77Rule Arg 1943 only - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S
78Rule Arg 1946 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
79Rule Arg 1946 only - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S
80Rule Arg 1963 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
81Rule Arg 1963 only - Dec 15 0:00 1:00 S
82Rule Arg 1964 1966 - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
83Rule Arg 1964 1966 - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S
84Rule Arg 1967 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
85Rule Arg 1967 1968 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
86Rule Arg 1968 1969 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
87Rule Arg 1974 only - Jan 23 0:00 1:00 S
88Rule Arg 1974 only - May 1 0:00 0 -
89Rule Arg 1974 1976 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
90Rule Arg 1975 1977 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
91Rule Arg 1985 only - Nov 2 0:00 1:00 S
92Rule Arg 1986 only - Mar 14 0:00 0 -
93Rule Arg 1986 1987 - Oct 25 0:00 1:00 S
94Rule Arg 1987 only - Feb 13 0:00 0 -
95Rule Arg 1988 only - Feb 7 0:00 0 -
96Rule Arg 1988 only - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 S
97#
98# From Hernan G. Otero <hernan@isoft.com.ar> (1995-06-26):
99# These corrections were contributed by InterSoft Argentina S.A.,
100# obtaining the data from the:
101# Talleres de Hidrografia Naval Argentina
102# (Argentine Naval Hydrography Institute)
103#
104# Shanks stops after 1992-03-01; go with Otero.
105Rule Arg 1989 1993 - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
106Rule Arg 1989 1992 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S
107#
108# From Hernan G. Otero <hernan@isoft.com.ar> (1995-06-26):
109# From this moment on, the law that mandated the daylight saving
110# time corrections was derogated and no more modifications
111# to the time zones (for daylight saving) are now made.
112#
113# From Rives McDow (2000-01-10):
114# On October 3, 1999, 0:00 local, Argentina implemented daylight savings time,
115# which did not result in the switch of a time zone, as they stayed 9 hours
116# from the International Date Line.
117Rule Arg 1999 only - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
118Rule Arg 2000 only - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
119#
120# From Peter Gradelski via Steffen Thorsen (2000-03-01):
121# We just checked with our Sao Paulo office and they say the government of
122# Argentina decided not to become one of the countries that go on or off DST.
123# So Buenos Aires should be -3 hours from GMT at all times.
124#
125# From Fabian L. Arce Jofre <farcejofre@bigfoot.com> (2000-04-04):
126# The law that claimed DST for Argentina was derogated by President Fernando
127# de la Rua on March 2, 2000, because it would make people spend more energy
128# in the winter time, rather than less. The change took effect on March 3.
129#
130# From Mariano Absatz (2001-06-06):
131# one of the major newspapers here in Argentina said that the 1999
132# Timezone Law (which never was effectively applied) will (would?) be
133# in effect.... The article is at
134# http://ar.clarin.com/diario/2001-06-06/e-01701.htm
135# ... The Law itself is "Ley No 25155", sanctioned on 1999-08-25, enacted
136# 1999-09-17, and published 1999-09-21. The official publication is at:
137# http://www.boletin.jus.gov.ar/BON/Primera/1999/09-Septiembre/21/PDF/BO21-09-99LEG.PDF
138# Regretfully, you have to subscribe (and pay) for the on-line version....
139#
140# (2001-06-12):
141# the timezone for Argentina will not change next Sunday.
142# Apparently it will do so on Sunday 24th....
143# http://ar.clarin.com/diario/2001-06-12/s-03501.htm
144#
145# (2001-06-25):
146# Last Friday (yes, the last working day before the date of the change), the
147# Senate annulled the 1999 law that introduced the changes later postponed.
148# http://www.clarin.com.ar/diario/2001-06-22/s-03601.htm
149# It remains the vote of the Deputies..., but it will be the same....
150# This kind of things had always been done this way in Argentina.
151# We are still -03:00 all year round in all of the country.
152#
153# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
154#
155# Buenos Aires (BA), Capital Federal (CF), Santa Cruz (SC),
156# Tierra del Fuego, Antartida e Islas del Atlantico Sur (TF)
157Zone America/Buenos_Aires -3:53:48 - LMT 1894 Nov
158 -4:16:44 - CMT 1920 May # Cordoba Mean Time
159 -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec
160 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
161 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3 0:00
162 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3 0:00
163 -3:00 - ART
164#
165# Santa Fe (SF), Entre Rios (ER), Corrientes (CN), Misiones (MN), Chaco (CC),
166# Formosa (FM), La Pampa (LP), Chubut (CH)
167Zone America/Rosario -4:02:40 - LMT 1894 Nov
168 -4:16:44 - CMT 1920 May
169 -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec
170 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
171 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1991 Jul
172 -3:00 - ART 1999 Oct 3 0:00
173 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3 0:00
174 -3:00 - ART
175#
176# Cordoba (CB), Santiago del Estero (SE), Salta (SA), Tucuman (TM), La Rioja (LR), San Juan (SJ), San Luis (SL),
177# Neuquen (NQ), Rio Negro (RN)
178Zone America/Cordoba -4:16:44 - LMT 1894 Nov
179 -4:16:44 - CMT 1920 May
180 -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec
181 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
182 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1990 Jul
183 -3:00 - ART 1999 Oct 3 0:00
184 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3 0:00
185 -3:00 - ART
186#
187# Jujuy (JY)
188Zone America/Jujuy -4:21:12 - LMT 1894 Nov
189 -4:16:44 - CMT 1920 May
190 -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec
191 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
192 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1991 Mar 3
193 -4:00 - WART 1991 Oct 6
194 -4:00 1:00 WARST 1992 Mar 15
195 -4:00 - WART 1992 Oct 18
196 -3:00 - ART 1999 Oct 3 0:00
197 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3 0:00
198 -3:00 - ART
199#
200# Catamarca (CT)
201Zone America/Catamarca -4:23:08 - LMT 1894 Nov
202 -4:16:44 - CMT 1920 May
203 -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec
204 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
205 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1990 Jul
206 -3:00 - ART 1991 Jul
207 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1992 Jul
208 -3:00 - ART 1999 Oct 3 0:00
209 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3 0:00
210 -3:00 - ART
211#
212# Mendoza (MZ)
213Zone America/Mendoza -4:35:16 - LMT 1894 Nov
214 -4:16:44 - CMT 1920 May
215 -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec
216 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
217 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1991 Mar 3
218 -4:00 - WART 1991 Oct 15
219 -4:00 1:00 WARST 1992 Mar 1
220 -4:00 - WART 1992 Oct 18
221 -3:00 - ART 1999 Oct 3 0:00
222 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3 0:00
223 -3:00 - ART
224
225# Aruba
226# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
227Zone America/Aruba -4:40:24 - LMT 1912 Feb 12 # Oranjestad
228 -4:30 - ANT 1965 # Netherlands Antilles Time
229 -4:00 - AST
230
231# Bolivia
232# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
233Zone America/La_Paz -4:32:36 - LMT 1890
234 -4:32:36 - CMT 1931 Oct 15 # Calamarca MT
235 -4:32:36 1:00 BOST 1932 Mar 21 # Bolivia ST
236 -4:00 - BOT # Bolivia Time
237
238# Brazil
239
240# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1993-11-18):
241# The mayor of Rio recently attempted to change the time zone rules
242# just in his city, in order to leave more summer time for the tourist trade.
243# The rule change lasted only part of the day;
244# the federal government refused to follow the city's rules, and business
245# was in a chaos, so the mayor backed down that afternoon.
246
247# From IATA SSIM (1996-02):
248# _Only_ the following states in BR1 observe DST: Rio Grande do Sul (RS),
249# Santa Catarina (SC), Parana (PR), Sao Paulo (SP), Rio de Janeiro (RJ),
250# Espirito Santo (ES), Minas Gerais (MG), Bahia (BA), Goias (GO),
251# Distrito Federal (DF), Tocantins (TO), Sergipe [SE] and Alagoas [AL].
252# [The last three states are new to this issue of the IATA SSIM.]
253
254# From Gwillim Law (1996-10-07):
255# Geography, history (Tocantins was part of Goias until 1989), and other
256# sources of time zone information lead me to believe that AL, SE, and TO were
257# always in BR1, and so the only change was whether or not they observed DST....
258# The earliest issue of the SSIM I have is 2/91. Each issue from then until
259# 9/95 says that DST is observed only in the ten states I quoted from 9/95,
260# along with Mato Grosso (MT) and Mato Grosso do Sul (MS), which are in BR2
261# (UTC-4).... The other two time zones given for Brazil are BR3, which is
262# UTC-5, no DST, and applies only in the state of Acre (AC); and BR4, which is
263# UTC-2, and applies to Fernando de Noronha (formerly FN, but I believe it's
264# become part of the state of Pernambuco). The boundary between BR1 and BR2
265# has never been clearly stated. They've simply been called East and West.
266# However, some conclusions can be drawn from another IATA manual: the Airline
267# Coding Directory, which lists close to 400 airports in Brazil. For each
268# airport it gives a time zone which is coded to the SSIM. From that
269# information, I'm led to conclude that the states of Amapa (AP), Ceara (CE),
270# Maranhao (MA), Paraiba (PR), Pernambuco (PE), Piaui (PI), and Rio Grande do
271# Norte (RN), and the eastern part of Para (PA) are all in BR1 without DST.
272
273# From Marcos Tadeu (1998-09-27):
274# <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/verao1.html">
275# Brazilian official page
276# </a>
277
278# From Jesper Norgaard (2000-11-03):
279# [For an official list of which regions in Brazil use which time zones, see:]
280# http://pcdsh01.on.br/Fusbr.htm
281# http://pcdsh01.on.br/Fusbrhv.htm
282
283# From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
284# The official decrees referenced below are taken from
285# <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/DecHV.html">
286# Decretos sobre o Horario de Verao no Brasil
287# </a> (1999-10-04, in Portuguese).
288# The official site for all decrees, including those not related to time, is
289# <a href="http://www.presidencia.gov.br/CCIVIL/decreto/principal_ano.htm">
290# Presidencia da Republica, Subchefia para Assuntos Juridicos, Decretos
291# </a> (in Portuguese).
292
293# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
294# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV20466.htm">20,466</a> (1931-10-01)
295# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV21896.htm">21,896</a> (1932-01-10)
296Rule Brazil 1931 only - Oct 3 11:00 1:00 S
297Rule Brazil 1932 1933 - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
298Rule Brazil 1932 only - Oct 3 0:00 1:00 S
299# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV23195.htm">23,195</a> (1933-10-10)
300# revoked DST.
301# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV27496.htm">27,496</a> (1949-11-24)
302# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV27998.htm">27,998</a> (1950-04-13)
303Rule Brazil 1949 1952 - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 S
304Rule Brazil 1950 only - Apr 16 1:00 0 -
305Rule Brazil 1951 1952 - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
306# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV32308.htm">32,308</a> (1953-02-24)
307Rule Brazil 1953 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
308# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV34724.htm">34,724</a> (1953-11-30)
309# revoked DST.
310# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV52700.htm">52,700</a> (1963-10-18)
311# established DST from 1963-10-23 00:00 to 1964-02-29 00:00
312# in SP, RJ, GB, MG, ES, due to the prolongation of the drought.
313# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV53071.htm">53,071</a> (1963-12-03)
314# extended the above decree to all of the national territory on 12-09.
315Rule Brazil 1963 only - Dec 9 0:00 1:00 S
316# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV53604.htm">53,604</a> (1964-02-25)
317# extended summer time by one day to 1964-03-01 00:00 (start of school).
318Rule Brazil 1964 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
319# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV55639.htm">55,639</a> (1965-01-27)
320Rule Brazil 1965 only - Jan 31 0:00 1:00 S
321Rule Brazil 1965 only - Mar 31 0:00 0 -
322# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV57303.htm">57,303</a> (1965-11-22)
323Rule Brazil 1965 only - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 S
324# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV57843.htm">57,843</a> (1966-02-18)
325Rule Brazil 1966 1968 - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
326Rule Brazil 1966 1967 - Nov 1 0:00 1:00 S
327# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV63429.htm">63,429</a> (1968-10-15)
328# revoked DST.
329# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV91698.htm">91,698</a> (1985-09-27)
330Rule Brazil 1985 only - Nov 2 0:00 1:00 S
331# Decree 92,310 (1986-01-21)
332# Decree 92,463 (1986-03-13)
333Rule Brazil 1986 only - Mar 15 0:00 0 -
334# Decree 93,316 (1986-10-01)
335Rule Brazil 1986 only - Oct 25 0:00 1:00 S
336Rule Brazil 1987 only - Feb 14 0:00 0 -
337# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV94922.htm">94,922</a> (1987-09-22)
338Rule Brazil 1987 only - Oct 25 0:00 1:00 S
339Rule Brazil 1988 only - Feb 7 0:00 0 -
340# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV96676.htm">96,676</a> (1988-09-12)
341# except for the states of AC, AM, PA, RR, RO, and AP (then a territory)
342Rule Brazil 1988 only - Oct 16 0:00 1:00 S
343Rule Brazil 1989 only - Jan 29 0:00 0 -
344# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV98077.htm">98,077</a> (1989-08-21)
345# with the same exceptions
346Rule Brazil 1989 only - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S
347Rule Brazil 1990 only - Feb 11 0:00 0 -
348# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV99530.htm">99,530</a> (1990-09-17)
349# adopted by RS, SC, PR, SP, RJ, ES, MG, GO, MS, DF.
350# Decree 99,629 (1990-10-19) adds BA, MT.
351Rule Brazil 1990 only - Oct 21 0:00 1:00 S
352Rule Brazil 1991 only - Feb 17 0:00 0 -
353# <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1991.htm">Unnumbered decree</a> (1991-09-25)
354# adopted by RS, SC, PR, SP, RJ, ES, MG, BA, GO, MT, MS, DF.
355Rule Brazil 1991 only - Oct 20 0:00 1:00 S
356Rule Brazil 1992 only - Feb 9 0:00 0 -
357# <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1992.htm">Unnumbered decree</a> (1992-10-16)
358# adopted by same states.
359Rule Brazil 1992 only - Oct 25 0:00 1:00 S
360Rule Brazil 1993 only - Jan 31 0:00 0 -
361# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV942.htm">942</a> (1993-09-28)
362# adopted by same states, plus AM.
363# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1252.htm">1,252</a> (1994-09-22)
364# adopted by same states, minus AM.
365# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1636.htm">1,636</a> (1995-09-14)
366# adopted by same states, plus TO.
367# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1674.htm">1,674</a> (1995-10-13)
368# adds AL, SE.
369Rule Brazil 1993 1995 - Oct Sun>=11 0:00 1:00 S
370Rule Brazil 1994 1995 - Feb Sun>=15 0:00 0 -
371Rule Brazil 1996 only - Feb 11 0:00 0 -
372# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV2000.htm">2,000</a> (1996-09-04)
373# adopted by same states, minus AL, SE.
374Rule Brazil 1996 only - Oct 6 0:00 1:00 S
375Rule Brazil 1997 only - Feb 16 0:00 0 -
376# From Daniel C. Sobral <dcs@gns.com.br> (1998-02-12):
377# In 1997, the DS began on October 6. The stated reason was that
378# because international television networks ignored Brazil's policy on DS,
379# they bought the wrong times on satellite for coverage of Pope's visit.
380# This year, the ending date of DS was postponed to March 1
381# to help dealing with the shortages of electric power.
382#
383# From Paul Eggert (1998-02-25):
384# <a href="http://churchnet.ucsm.ac.uk/news/files2/news165.htm">
385# Brazil Prepares for Papal Visit
386# </a>,
387# Church Net UK (1997-10-02).
388#
389# Decree 2,317 (1997-09-04), adopted by same states.
390Rule Brazil 1997 only - Oct 6 0:00 1:00 S
391# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/HV2495.JPG">2,495</a>
392# (1998-02-10)
393Rule Brazil 1998 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
394# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/Hv98.jpg">2,780</a> (1998-09-11)
395# adopted by the same states as before.
396Rule Brazil 1998 only - Oct 11 0:00 1:00 S
397Rule Brazil 1999 only - Feb 21 0:00 0 -
398# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/HV3150.gif">3,150</a>
399# (1999-08-23) adopted by same states.
400# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/DecHV99.gif">3,188</a> (1999-09-30)
401# adds SE, AL, PB, PE, RN, CE, PI, MA and RR.
402Rule Brazil 1999 only - Oct 3 0:00 1:00 S
403Rule Brazil 2000 only - Feb 27 0:00 0 -
404# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/DEC3592.htm">3,592</a> (2000-09-06)
405# adopted by the same states as before.
406# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/Dec3630.jpg">3,630</a> (2000-10-13)
407# repeals DST in PE and RR, effective 2000-10-15 00:00.
408# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/Dec3632.jpg">3,632</a> (2000-10-17)
409# repeals DST in SE, AL, PB, RN, CE, PI and MA, effective 2000-10-22 00:00.
410# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/HV3916.gif">3,916</a>
411# (2001-09-13) reestablishes DST in AL, CE, MA, PB, PE, PI, RN, SE.
412#
413# The latest decree listed above says that the following states observe DST:
414# AL, BA, CE, DF, ES, GO, MA, MG, MS, MT,
415# PB, PE, PI, PR, RJ, RN, RS, SC, SE, SP, TO.
416#
417# For dates after mid-2002, the following rules are guesses
418# and are quite possibly wrong, but are more likely than no DST at all.
419Rule Brazil 2000 max - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 S
420Rule Brazil 2001 max - Feb Sun>=15 0:00 0 -
421
422
423# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
424#
425# Atlantic islands: Fernando de Noronha, Trindade, Martin Vaz,
426# Atol das Rocas, and Penedos de Sao Pedro e Sao Paulo
427Zone America/Noronha -2:09:40 - LMT 1914
428 -2:00 Brazil FN%sT 1990 Sep 17
429 -2:00 - FNT
430#
431# Amapa (AP), east Para (PA)
432# East Para includes Belem, Maraba, Serra Norte, and Sao Felix do Xingu.
433Zone America/Belem -3:13:56 - LMT 1914
434 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1988 Sep 12
435 -3:00 - BRT
436#
437# Maranhao (MA), Piaui (PI), Ceara (CE), Rio Grande do Norte (RN),
438# Paraiba (PB)
439Zone America/Fortaleza -2:34:00 - LMT 1914
440 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1990 Sep 17
441 -3:00 - BRT 1999 Sep 30
442 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 2000 Oct 22
443 -3:00 - BRT 2001 Sep 13
444 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT
445#
446# Pernambuco (PE) (except Atlantic islands)
447Zone America/Recife -2:19:36 - LMT 1914
448 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1990 Sep 17
449 -3:00 - BRT 1999 Sep 30
450 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 2000 Oct 15
451 -3:00 - BRT 2001 Sep 13
452 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT
453#
454# Tocantins (TO)
455Zone America/Araguaina -3:12:48 - LMT 1914
456 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1990 Sep 17
457 -3:00 - BRT 1995 Sep 14
458 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT
459#
460# Alagoas (AL), Sergipe (SE)
461Zone America/Maceio -2:22:52 - LMT 1914
462 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1990 Sep 17
463 -3:00 - BRT 1995 Oct 13
464 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1996 Sep 4
465 -3:00 - BRT 1999 Sep 30
466 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 2000 Oct 22
467 -3:00 - BRT 2001 Sep 13
468 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT
469#
470# Bahia (BA), Goias (GO), Distrito Federal (DF), Minas Gerais (MG),
471# Espirito Santo (ES), Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Sao Paulo (SP), Parana (PR),
472# Santa Catarina (SC), Rio Grande do Sul (RS)
473Zone America/Sao_Paulo -3:06:28 - LMT 1914
474 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1963 Oct 23 00:00
475 -3:00 1:00 BRST 1964
476 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT
477#
478# Mato Grosso (MT), Mato Grosso do Sul (MS)
479Zone America/Cuiaba -3:44:20 - LMT 1914
480 -4:00 Brazil AM%sT
481#
482# west Para (PA), Rondonia (RO)
483# West Para includes Altamira, Oribidos, Prainha, Oriximina, and Santarem.
484Zone America/Porto_Velho -4:15:36 - LMT 1914
485 -4:00 Brazil AM%sT 1988 Sep 12
486 -4:00 - AMT
487#
488# Roraima (RR)
489Zone America/Boa_Vista -4:02:40 - LMT 1914
490 -4:00 Brazil AM%sT 1988 Sep 12
491 -4:00 - AMT 1999 Sep 30
492 -4:00 Brazil AM%sT 2000 Oct 15
493 -4:00 - AMT
494#
495# east Amazonas (AM): Boca do Acre, Jutai, Manaus, Floriano Peixoto
496Zone America/Manaus -4:00:04 - LMT 1914
497 -4:00 Brazil AM%sT 1988 Sep 12
498 -4:00 - AMT 1993 Sep 28
499 -4:00 Brazil AM%sT 1994 Sep 22
500 -4:00 - AMT
501#
502# west Amazonas (AM): Atalaia do Norte, Boca do Maoco, Benjamin Constant,
503# Eirunepe, Envira, Ipixuna
504Zone America/Eirunepe -4:39:28 - LMT 1914
505 -5:00 Brazil AC%sT 1988 Sep 12
506 -5:00 - ACT 1993 Sep 28
507 -5:00 Brazil AC%sT 1994 Sep 22
508 -5:00 - ACT
509#
510# Acre (AC)
511Zone America/Rio_Branco -4:31:12 - LMT 1914
512 -5:00 Brazil AC%sT 1988 Sep 12
513 -5:00 - ACT
514
515
516# Chile
517
518# From Eduardo Krell (1995-10-19):
519# The law says to switch to DST at midnight [24:00] on the second SATURDAY
520# of October.... The law is the same for March and October.
521# (1998-09-29):
522# Because of the drought this year, the government decided to go into
523# DST earlier (saturday 9/26 at 24:00). This is a one-time change only ...
524# (unless there's another dry season next year, I guess).
525
526# From Julio I. Pacheco Troncoso (1999-03-18):
527# Because of the same drought, the government decided to end DST later,
528# on April 3, (one-time change).
529
530# From Gwillim Law (2001-05-04):
531# I came across another article in "La Tercera" about Chilean DST.
532# <http://www.tercera.cl/diario/2000/10/13/t-extras.html>
533# It clearly confirms my earlier suggestion, that DST begins at 22:00
534# on Easter Island.... But it also seems to be saying that the
535# observance of DST in Chile began in 1966, rather than 1969 as
536# ... [Shanks] has it....
537#
538# My translation:
539#
540# "The Chilean Army has announced that summer time will begin tomorrow,
541# Saturday, October 14 in continental Chile, insular Chile, and
542# Antarctica, as provided by Supreme Decree 25 of January 11, 1966.
543# By the preceding, official time in continental Chile and Chilean
544# Antarctic, and official time in Western Insular Chile, which applies
545# to Easter Island and Sala y Gomez Island, will be set forward at
546# midnight and at 22:00, respectively, by 20 minutes."
547
548# From Paul Eggert (2001-05-04):
549# Go with this article in preference to Shanks's 1969 date for modern DST.
550# Assume this rule has been used since DST was introduced in the islands.
551
552# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
553Rule Chile 1918 only - Sep 1 0:00 1:00 S
554Rule Chile 1919 only - Jul 2 0:00 0 -
555Rule Chile 1927 1931 - Sep 1 0:00 1:00 S
556Rule Chile 1928 1932 - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
557Rule Chile 1966 1997 - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S
558Rule Chile 1967 1998 - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 -
559Rule Chile 1998 only - Sep 27 4:00u 1:00 S
560Rule Chile 1999 only - Apr 4 3:00u 0 -
561Rule Chile 1999 max - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S
562Rule Chile 2000 max - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 -
563# IATA SSIM anomalies: (1990-09) says 1990-09-16; (1992-02) says 1992-03-14;
564# (1996-09) says 1998-03-08. Ignore these.
565# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
566Zone America/Santiago -4:42:40 - LMT 1890
567 -4:42:40 - SMT 1910 # Santiago Mean Time
568 -5:00 Chile CL%sT 1932 Sep # Chile Time
569 -4:00 Chile CL%sT
570Zone Pacific/Easter -7:17:28 - LMT 1890 # Mataveri
571 -7:17:28 - MMT 1932 Sep # Mataveri Mean Time
572 -7:00 Chile EAS%sT 1982 Mar 14 # Easter I Time
573 -6:00 Chile EAS%sT
574#
575# Sala y Gomez Island is like Pacific/Easter.
576# Other Chilean locations, including Juan Fernandez Is, San Ambrosio,
577# San Felix, and Antarctic bases, are like America/Santiago.
578
579# Colombia
580# Shanks specifies 24:00 for 1992 transition times; go with IATA,
581# as it seems implausible to change clocks at midnight New Year's Eve.
582# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
583Rule CO 1992 only - May 2 0:00 1:00 S
584Rule CO 1992 only - Dec 31 0:00 0 -
585# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
586Zone America/Bogota -4:56:20 - LMT 1884 Mar 13
587 -4:56:20 - BMT 1914 Nov 23 # Bogota Mean Time
588 -5:00 CO CO%sT # Colombia Time
589# Malpelo, Providencia, San Andres
590# no information; probably like America/Bogota
591
592# Curacao
593# Shanks says that Bottom and Oranjestad have been at -4:00 since
594# standard time was introduced on 1912-03-02; and that Kralendijk and Rincon
595# used Kralendijk Mean Time (-4:33:08) from 1912-02-02 to 1965-01-01.
596# This all predates our 1970 cutoff, though.
597# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
598Zone America/Curacao -4:35:44 - LMT 1912 Feb 12 # Willemstad
599 -4:30 - ANT 1965 # Netherlands Antilles Time
600 -4:00 - AST
601
602# Ecuador
603# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
604Zone America/Guayaquil -5:19:20 - LMT 1890
605 -5:14:00 - QMT 1931 # Quito Mean Time
606 -5:00 - ECT # Ecuador Time
607Zone Pacific/Galapagos -5:58:24 - LMT 1931 # Puerto Baquerizo Moreno
608 -5:00 - ECT 1986
609 -6:00 - GALT # Galapagos Time
610
611# Falklands
612
613# From Paul Eggert (2001-03-05):
614# Between 1990 and 2000 inclusive, Shanks and the IATA agree except
615# the IATA gives 1996-09-08. Go with Shanks.
616
617# From Falkland Islands Government Office, London (2001-01-22)
618# via Jesper Norgaard:
619# ... the clocks revert back to Local Mean Time at 2 am on Sunday 15
620# April 2001 and advance one hour to summer time at 2 am on Sunday 2
621# September. It is anticipated that the clocks will revert back at 2
622# am on Sunday 21 April 2002 and advance to summer time at 2 am on
623# Sunday 1 September.
624
625# From Rives McDow (2001-02-13):
626#
627# I have communicated several times with people there, and the last
628# time I had communications that was helpful was in 1998. Here is
629# what was said then:
630#
631# "The general rule was that Stanley used daylight saving and the Camp
632# did not. However for various reasons many people in the Camp have
633# started to use daylight saving (known locally as 'Stanley Time')
634# There is no rule as to who uses daylight saving - it is a matter of
635# personal choice and so it is impossible to draw a map showing who
636# uses it and who does not. Any list would be out of date as soon as
637# it was produced. This year daylight saving ended on April 18/19th
638# and started again on September 12/13th. I do not know what the rule
639# is, but can find out if you like. We do not change at the same time
640# as UK or Chile."
641#
642# I did have in my notes that the rule was "Second Saturday in Sep at
643# 0:00 until third Saturday in Apr at 0:00". I think that this does
644# not agree in some cases with Shanks; is this true?
645#
646# Also, there is no mention in the list that some areas in the
647# Falklands do not use DST. I have found in my communications there
648# that these areas are on the western half of East Falkland and all of
649# West Falkland. Stanley is the only place that consistently observes
650# DST. Again, as in other places in the world, the farmers don't like
651# it. West Falkland is almost entirely sheep farmers.
652#
653# I know one lady there that keeps a list of which farm keeps DST and
654# which doesn't each year. She runs a shop in Stanley, and says that
655# the list changes each year. She uses it to communicate to her
656# customers, catching them when they are home for lunch or dinner.
657
658# From Paul Eggert (2001-03-05):
659# For now, we'll just record the time in Stanley, since we have no
660# better info.
661
662# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
663Rule Falk 1937 1938 - Sep lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
664Rule Falk 1938 1942 - Mar Sun>=19 0:00 0 -
665Rule Falk 1939 only - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S
666Rule Falk 1940 1942 - Sep lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
667Rule Falk 1943 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 -
668Rule Falk 1983 only - Sep lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
669Rule Falk 1984 1985 - Apr lastSun 0:00 0 -
670Rule Falk 1984 only - Sep 16 0:00 1:00 S
671Rule Falk 1985 2000 - Sep Sun>=9 0:00 1:00 S
672Rule Falk 1986 2000 - Apr Sun>=16 0:00 0 -
673Rule Falk 2001 max - Apr Sun>=15 2:00 0 -
674Rule Falk 2001 max - Sep Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S
675# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
676Zone Atlantic/Stanley -3:51:24 - LMT 1890
677 -3:51:24 - SMT 1912 Mar 12 # Stanley Mean Time
678 -4:00 Falk FK%sT 1983 May # Falkland Is Time
679 -3:00 Falk FK%sT 1985 Sep 15
680 -4:00 Falk FK%sT
681
682# French Guiana
683# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
684Zone America/Cayenne -3:29:20 - LMT 1911 Jul
685 -4:00 - GFT 1967 Oct # French Guiana Time
686 -3:00 - GFT
687
688# Guyana
689# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
690Zone America/Guyana -3:52:40 - LMT 1915 Mar # Georgetown
691 -3:45 - GBGT 1966 May 26 # Br Guiana Time
692 -3:45 - GYT 1975 Jul 31 # Guyana Time
693 -3:00 - GYT 1991
694# IATA SSIM (1996-06) says -4:00. Assume a 1991 switch.
695 -4:00 - GYT
696
697# Paraguay
698# From Paul Eggert (1999-10-29):
699# Shanks (1999) says that spring transitions are from 01:00 -> 02:00,
700# and autumn transitions are from 00:00 -> 23:00. Go with earlier
701# editions of Shanks, and with the IATA, who say transitions occur at 00:00.
702# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
703Rule Para 1975 1988 - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S
704Rule Para 1975 1978 - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
705Rule Para 1979 1991 - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
706Rule Para 1989 only - Oct 22 0:00 1:00 S
707Rule Para 1990 only - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S
708Rule Para 1991 only - Oct 6 0:00 1:00 S
709Rule Para 1992 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
710Rule Para 1992 only - Oct 5 0:00 1:00 S
711Rule Para 1993 only - Mar 31 0:00 0 -
712Rule Para 1993 1995 - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S
713Rule Para 1994 1995 - Feb lastSun 0:00 0 -
714Rule Para 1996 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
715# IATA SSIM (2000-02) says 1999-10-10; ignore this for now.
716# From Steffen Thorsen (2000-10-02):
717# I have three independent reports that Paraguay changed to DST this Sunday
718# (10-01).
719#
720# Translated by Gwillim Law (2001-02-27) from
721# <a href="http://www.diarionoticias.com.py/011000/nacional/naciona1.htm">
722# Noticias, a daily paper in Asuncion, Paraguay (2000-10-01)
723# </a>:
724# Starting at 0:00 today, the clock will be set forward 60 minutes, in
725# fulfillment of Decree No. 7,273 of the Executive Power.... The time change
726# system has been operating for several years. Formerly there was a separate
727# decree each year; the new law has the same effect, but permanently. Every
728# year, the time will change on the first Sunday of October; likewise, the
729# clock will be set back on the first Sunday of March.
730#
731# From Jesper Norgaard (2001-03-06) [an official URL saying similar things]:
732# http://gateway.abc.com.py:8000/pub/pag04.mbr/artic?FHA=2001-03-03-02.24.52.900592
733#
734Rule Para 1996 max - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
735# IATA SSIM (1997-09) says Mar 1; go with Shanks.
736Rule Para 1997 only - Feb lastSun 0:00 0 -
737# Shanks says 1999-02-28; IATA SSIM (1999-02) says 1999-02-27, but
738# (1999-09) reports no date; go with above sources and Gerd Knops (2001-02-27).
739Rule Para 1998 max - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
740
741# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
742Zone America/Asuncion -3:50:40 - LMT 1890
743 -3:50:40 - AMT 1931 Oct 10 # Asuncion Mean Time
744 -4:00 - PYT 1972 Oct # Paraguay Time
745 -3:00 - PYT 1974 Apr
746 -4:00 Para PY%sT
747
748# Peru
749# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
750Rule Peru 1938 only - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 S
751Rule Peru 1938 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
752Rule Peru 1938 1939 - Sep lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
753Rule Peru 1939 1940 - Mar Sun>=24 0:00 0 -
754Rule Peru 1987 only - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 S
755Rule Peru 1987 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
756Rule Peru 1990 only - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 S
757Rule Peru 1990 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
758# IATA is ambiguous for 1993/1995; go with Shanks.
759Rule Peru 1994 only - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 S
760Rule Peru 1994 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
761# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
762Zone America/Lima -5:08:12 - LMT 1890
763 -5:08:36 - LMT 1908 Jul 28 # Lima Mean Time?
764 -5:00 Peru PE%sT # Peru Time
765
766# South Georgia
767# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
768Zone Atlantic/South_Georgia -2:26:08 - LMT 1890 # Grytviken
769 -2:00 - GST # South Georgia Time
770
771# South Sandwich Is
772# uninhabited; scientific personnel have wintered
773
774# Suriname
775# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
776Zone America/Paramaribo -3:40:40 - LMT 1911
777 -3:40:52 - PMT 1935 # Paramaribo Mean Time
778 -3:40:36 - PMT 1945 Oct # The capital moved?
779 -3:30 - NEGT 1975 Nov 20 # Dutch Guiana Time
780 -3:30 - SRT 1984 Oct # Suriname Time
781 -3:00 - SRT
782
783# Trinidad and Tobago
784# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
785Zone America/Port_of_Spain -4:06:04 - LMT 1912 Mar 2
786 -4:00 - AST
787
788# Uruguay
789# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1993-11-18):
790# Uruguay wins the prize for the strangest peacetime manipulation of the rules.
791# From Shanks:
792# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
793# Whitman gives 1923 Oct 1; go with Shanks.
794Rule Uruguay 1923 only - Oct 2 0:00 0:30 HS
795Rule Uruguay 1924 1926 - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
796Rule Uruguay 1924 1925 - Oct 1 0:00 0:30 HS
797Rule Uruguay 1933 1935 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0:30 HS
798# Shanks gives 1935 Apr 1 0:00 and 1936 Mar 30 0:00; go with Whitman.
799Rule Uruguay 1934 1936 - Mar Sat>=25 23:30s 0 -
800Rule Uruguay 1936 only - Nov 1 0:00 0:30 HS
801Rule Uruguay 1937 1941 - Mar lastSun 0:00 0 -
802# Whitman gives 1937 Oct 3; go with Shanks.
803Rule Uruguay 1937 1940 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0:30 HS
804# Whitman gives 1941 Oct 24 - 1942 Mar 27, 1942 Dec 14 - 1943 Apr 13,
805# and 1943 Apr 13 ``to present time''; go with Shanks.
806Rule Uruguay 1941 only - Aug 1 0:00 0 -
807Rule Uruguay 1942 only - Jan 1 0:00 0:30 HS
808Rule Uruguay 1942 only - Dec 14 0:00 1:00 S
809Rule Uruguay 1943 only - Mar 14 0:00 0 -
810Rule Uruguay 1959 only - May 24 0:00 1:00 S
811Rule Uruguay 1959 only - Nov 15 0:00 0 -
812Rule Uruguay 1960 only - Jan 17 0:00 1:00 S
813Rule Uruguay 1960 only - Mar 6 0:00 0 -
814Rule Uruguay 1965 1967 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
815Rule Uruguay 1965 only - Sep 26 0:00 0 -
816Rule Uruguay 1966 1967 - Oct 31 0:00 0 -
817Rule Uruguay 1968 1970 - May 27 0:00 0:30 HS
818Rule Uruguay 1968 1970 - Dec 2 0:00 0 -
819Rule Uruguay 1972 only - Apr 24 0:00 1:00 S
820Rule Uruguay 1972 only - Aug 15 0:00 0 -
821Rule Uruguay 1974 only - Mar 10 0:00 0:30 HS
822Rule Uruguay 1974 only - Dec 22 0:00 1:00 S
823Rule Uruguay 1976 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
824Rule Uruguay 1977 only - Dec 4 0:00 1:00 S
825Rule Uruguay 1978 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
826Rule Uruguay 1979 only - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S
827Rule Uruguay 1980 only - May 1 0:00 0 -
828Rule Uruguay 1987 only - Dec 14 0:00 1:00 S
829Rule Uruguay 1988 only - Mar 14 0:00 0 -
830Rule Uruguay 1988 only - Dec 11 0:00 1:00 S
831Rule Uruguay 1989 only - Mar 12 0:00 0 -
832Rule Uruguay 1989 only - Oct 29 0:00 1:00 S
833# Shanks says no DST was observed in 1990/1 and 1991/2,
834# and that 1992/3's DST was from 10-25 to 03-01. Go with IATA.
835Rule Uruguay 1990 1992 - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
836Rule Uruguay 1990 1991 - Oct Sun>=21 0:00 1:00 S
837Rule Uruguay 1992 only - Oct 18 0:00 1:00 S
838Rule Uruguay 1993 only - Feb 28 0:00 0 -
839# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
840Zone America/Montevideo -3:44:44 - LMT 1898 Jun 28
841 -3:44:44 - MMT 1920 May 1 # Montevideo MT
842 -3:30 Uruguay UY%sT 1942 Dec 14 # Uruguay Time
843 -3:00 Uruguay UY%sT
844
845# Venezuela
846# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
847Zone America/Caracas -4:27:44 - LMT 1890
848 -4:27:40 - CMT 1912 Feb 12 # Caracas Mean Time?
849 -4:30 - VET 1965 # Venezuela Time
850 -4:00 - VET
2
3# $FreeBSD: head/share/zoneinfo/southamerica 86222 2001-11-09 19:17:59Z wollman $
4
5# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
6# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
7# tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future).
8
9# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1999-07-07):
10# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is
11# Thomas G. Shanks, The International Atlas (5th edition),
12# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1999).
13#
14# Gwillim Law writes that a good source
15# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
16# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
17# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries
18# of the IATA's data after 1990.
19#
20# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks is the source for entries through 1990,
21# and IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990.
22#
23# Earlier editions of these tables used the North American style (e.g. ARST and
24# ARDT for Argentine Standard and Daylight Time), but the following quote
25# suggests that it's better to use European style (e.g. ART and ARST).
26# I suggest the use of _Summer time_ instead of the more cumbersome
27# _daylight-saving time_. _Summer time_ seems to be in general use
28# in Europe and South America.
29# -- E O Cutler, _New York Times_ (1937-02-14), quoted in
30# H L Mencken, _The American Language: Supplement I_ (1960), p 466
31#
32# Earlier editions of these tables also used the North American style
33# for time zones in Brazil, but this was incorrect, as Brazilians say
34# "summer time". Reinaldo Goulart, a Sao Paulo businessman active in
35# the railroad sector, writes (1999-07-06):
36# The subject of time zones is currently a matter of discussion/debate in
37# Brazil. Let's say that "the Brasilia time" is considered the
38# "official time" because Brasilia is the capital city.
39# The other three time zones are called "Brasilia time "minus one" or
40# "plus one" or "plus two". As far as I know there is no such
41# name/designation as "Eastern Time" or "Central Time".
42# So I invented the following (English-language) abbreviations for now.
43# Corrections are welcome!
44# std dst
45# -2:00 FNT FNST Fernando de Noronha
46# -3:00 BRT BRST Brasilia
47# -4:00 AMT AMST Amazon
48# -5:00 ACT ACST Acre
49
50###############################################################################
51
52###############################################################################
53
54# Argentina
55
56# From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
57# Argentina: first Sunday in October to first Sunday in April since 1976.
58# Double Summer time from 1969 to 1974. Switches at midnight.
59
60# From U. S. Naval Observatory (1988-01-199):
61# ARGENTINA 3 H BEHIND UTC
62
63# From Hernan G. Otero <hernan@isoft.com.ar> (1995-06-26):
64# I am sending modifications to the Argentine time zone table...
65# AR was chosen because they are the ISO letters that represent Argentina.
66
67# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
68Rule Arg 1930 only - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 S
69Rule Arg 1931 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
70Rule Arg 1931 only - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S
71Rule Arg 1932 1940 - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
72Rule Arg 1932 1939 - Nov 1 0:00 1:00 S
73Rule Arg 1940 only - Jul 1 0:00 1:00 S
74Rule Arg 1941 only - Jun 15 0:00 0 -
75Rule Arg 1941 only - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S
76Rule Arg 1943 only - Aug 1 0:00 0 -
77Rule Arg 1943 only - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S
78Rule Arg 1946 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
79Rule Arg 1946 only - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S
80Rule Arg 1963 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
81Rule Arg 1963 only - Dec 15 0:00 1:00 S
82Rule Arg 1964 1966 - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
83Rule Arg 1964 1966 - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S
84Rule Arg 1967 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
85Rule Arg 1967 1968 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
86Rule Arg 1968 1969 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
87Rule Arg 1974 only - Jan 23 0:00 1:00 S
88Rule Arg 1974 only - May 1 0:00 0 -
89Rule Arg 1974 1976 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
90Rule Arg 1975 1977 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
91Rule Arg 1985 only - Nov 2 0:00 1:00 S
92Rule Arg 1986 only - Mar 14 0:00 0 -
93Rule Arg 1986 1987 - Oct 25 0:00 1:00 S
94Rule Arg 1987 only - Feb 13 0:00 0 -
95Rule Arg 1988 only - Feb 7 0:00 0 -
96Rule Arg 1988 only - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 S
97#
98# From Hernan G. Otero <hernan@isoft.com.ar> (1995-06-26):
99# These corrections were contributed by InterSoft Argentina S.A.,
100# obtaining the data from the:
101# Talleres de Hidrografia Naval Argentina
102# (Argentine Naval Hydrography Institute)
103#
104# Shanks stops after 1992-03-01; go with Otero.
105Rule Arg 1989 1993 - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
106Rule Arg 1989 1992 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S
107#
108# From Hernan G. Otero <hernan@isoft.com.ar> (1995-06-26):
109# From this moment on, the law that mandated the daylight saving
110# time corrections was derogated and no more modifications
111# to the time zones (for daylight saving) are now made.
112#
113# From Rives McDow (2000-01-10):
114# On October 3, 1999, 0:00 local, Argentina implemented daylight savings time,
115# which did not result in the switch of a time zone, as they stayed 9 hours
116# from the International Date Line.
117Rule Arg 1999 only - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
118Rule Arg 2000 only - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
119#
120# From Peter Gradelski via Steffen Thorsen (2000-03-01):
121# We just checked with our Sao Paulo office and they say the government of
122# Argentina decided not to become one of the countries that go on or off DST.
123# So Buenos Aires should be -3 hours from GMT at all times.
124#
125# From Fabian L. Arce Jofre <farcejofre@bigfoot.com> (2000-04-04):
126# The law that claimed DST for Argentina was derogated by President Fernando
127# de la Rua on March 2, 2000, because it would make people spend more energy
128# in the winter time, rather than less. The change took effect on March 3.
129#
130# From Mariano Absatz (2001-06-06):
131# one of the major newspapers here in Argentina said that the 1999
132# Timezone Law (which never was effectively applied) will (would?) be
133# in effect.... The article is at
134# http://ar.clarin.com/diario/2001-06-06/e-01701.htm
135# ... The Law itself is "Ley No 25155", sanctioned on 1999-08-25, enacted
136# 1999-09-17, and published 1999-09-21. The official publication is at:
137# http://www.boletin.jus.gov.ar/BON/Primera/1999/09-Septiembre/21/PDF/BO21-09-99LEG.PDF
138# Regretfully, you have to subscribe (and pay) for the on-line version....
139#
140# (2001-06-12):
141# the timezone for Argentina will not change next Sunday.
142# Apparently it will do so on Sunday 24th....
143# http://ar.clarin.com/diario/2001-06-12/s-03501.htm
144#
145# (2001-06-25):
146# Last Friday (yes, the last working day before the date of the change), the
147# Senate annulled the 1999 law that introduced the changes later postponed.
148# http://www.clarin.com.ar/diario/2001-06-22/s-03601.htm
149# It remains the vote of the Deputies..., but it will be the same....
150# This kind of things had always been done this way in Argentina.
151# We are still -03:00 all year round in all of the country.
152#
153# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
154#
155# Buenos Aires (BA), Capital Federal (CF), Santa Cruz (SC),
156# Tierra del Fuego, Antartida e Islas del Atlantico Sur (TF)
157Zone America/Buenos_Aires -3:53:48 - LMT 1894 Nov
158 -4:16:44 - CMT 1920 May # Cordoba Mean Time
159 -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec
160 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
161 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3 0:00
162 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3 0:00
163 -3:00 - ART
164#
165# Santa Fe (SF), Entre Rios (ER), Corrientes (CN), Misiones (MN), Chaco (CC),
166# Formosa (FM), La Pampa (LP), Chubut (CH)
167Zone America/Rosario -4:02:40 - LMT 1894 Nov
168 -4:16:44 - CMT 1920 May
169 -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec
170 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
171 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1991 Jul
172 -3:00 - ART 1999 Oct 3 0:00
173 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3 0:00
174 -3:00 - ART
175#
176# Cordoba (CB), Santiago del Estero (SE), Salta (SA), Tucuman (TM), La Rioja (LR), San Juan (SJ), San Luis (SL),
177# Neuquen (NQ), Rio Negro (RN)
178Zone America/Cordoba -4:16:44 - LMT 1894 Nov
179 -4:16:44 - CMT 1920 May
180 -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec
181 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
182 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1990 Jul
183 -3:00 - ART 1999 Oct 3 0:00
184 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3 0:00
185 -3:00 - ART
186#
187# Jujuy (JY)
188Zone America/Jujuy -4:21:12 - LMT 1894 Nov
189 -4:16:44 - CMT 1920 May
190 -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec
191 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
192 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1991 Mar 3
193 -4:00 - WART 1991 Oct 6
194 -4:00 1:00 WARST 1992 Mar 15
195 -4:00 - WART 1992 Oct 18
196 -3:00 - ART 1999 Oct 3 0:00
197 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3 0:00
198 -3:00 - ART
199#
200# Catamarca (CT)
201Zone America/Catamarca -4:23:08 - LMT 1894 Nov
202 -4:16:44 - CMT 1920 May
203 -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec
204 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
205 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1990 Jul
206 -3:00 - ART 1991 Jul
207 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1992 Jul
208 -3:00 - ART 1999 Oct 3 0:00
209 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3 0:00
210 -3:00 - ART
211#
212# Mendoza (MZ)
213Zone America/Mendoza -4:35:16 - LMT 1894 Nov
214 -4:16:44 - CMT 1920 May
215 -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec
216 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
217 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1991 Mar 3
218 -4:00 - WART 1991 Oct 15
219 -4:00 1:00 WARST 1992 Mar 1
220 -4:00 - WART 1992 Oct 18
221 -3:00 - ART 1999 Oct 3 0:00
222 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3 0:00
223 -3:00 - ART
224
225# Aruba
226# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
227Zone America/Aruba -4:40:24 - LMT 1912 Feb 12 # Oranjestad
228 -4:30 - ANT 1965 # Netherlands Antilles Time
229 -4:00 - AST
230
231# Bolivia
232# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
233Zone America/La_Paz -4:32:36 - LMT 1890
234 -4:32:36 - CMT 1931 Oct 15 # Calamarca MT
235 -4:32:36 1:00 BOST 1932 Mar 21 # Bolivia ST
236 -4:00 - BOT # Bolivia Time
237
238# Brazil
239
240# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1993-11-18):
241# The mayor of Rio recently attempted to change the time zone rules
242# just in his city, in order to leave more summer time for the tourist trade.
243# The rule change lasted only part of the day;
244# the federal government refused to follow the city's rules, and business
245# was in a chaos, so the mayor backed down that afternoon.
246
247# From IATA SSIM (1996-02):
248# _Only_ the following states in BR1 observe DST: Rio Grande do Sul (RS),
249# Santa Catarina (SC), Parana (PR), Sao Paulo (SP), Rio de Janeiro (RJ),
250# Espirito Santo (ES), Minas Gerais (MG), Bahia (BA), Goias (GO),
251# Distrito Federal (DF), Tocantins (TO), Sergipe [SE] and Alagoas [AL].
252# [The last three states are new to this issue of the IATA SSIM.]
253
254# From Gwillim Law (1996-10-07):
255# Geography, history (Tocantins was part of Goias until 1989), and other
256# sources of time zone information lead me to believe that AL, SE, and TO were
257# always in BR1, and so the only change was whether or not they observed DST....
258# The earliest issue of the SSIM I have is 2/91. Each issue from then until
259# 9/95 says that DST is observed only in the ten states I quoted from 9/95,
260# along with Mato Grosso (MT) and Mato Grosso do Sul (MS), which are in BR2
261# (UTC-4).... The other two time zones given for Brazil are BR3, which is
262# UTC-5, no DST, and applies only in the state of Acre (AC); and BR4, which is
263# UTC-2, and applies to Fernando de Noronha (formerly FN, but I believe it's
264# become part of the state of Pernambuco). The boundary between BR1 and BR2
265# has never been clearly stated. They've simply been called East and West.
266# However, some conclusions can be drawn from another IATA manual: the Airline
267# Coding Directory, which lists close to 400 airports in Brazil. For each
268# airport it gives a time zone which is coded to the SSIM. From that
269# information, I'm led to conclude that the states of Amapa (AP), Ceara (CE),
270# Maranhao (MA), Paraiba (PR), Pernambuco (PE), Piaui (PI), and Rio Grande do
271# Norte (RN), and the eastern part of Para (PA) are all in BR1 without DST.
272
273# From Marcos Tadeu (1998-09-27):
274# <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/verao1.html">
275# Brazilian official page
276# </a>
277
278# From Jesper Norgaard (2000-11-03):
279# [For an official list of which regions in Brazil use which time zones, see:]
280# http://pcdsh01.on.br/Fusbr.htm
281# http://pcdsh01.on.br/Fusbrhv.htm
282
283# From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
284# The official decrees referenced below are taken from
285# <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/DecHV.html">
286# Decretos sobre o Horario de Verao no Brasil
287# </a> (1999-10-04, in Portuguese).
288# The official site for all decrees, including those not related to time, is
289# <a href="http://www.presidencia.gov.br/CCIVIL/decreto/principal_ano.htm">
290# Presidencia da Republica, Subchefia para Assuntos Juridicos, Decretos
291# </a> (in Portuguese).
292
293# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
294# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV20466.htm">20,466</a> (1931-10-01)
295# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV21896.htm">21,896</a> (1932-01-10)
296Rule Brazil 1931 only - Oct 3 11:00 1:00 S
297Rule Brazil 1932 1933 - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
298Rule Brazil 1932 only - Oct 3 0:00 1:00 S
299# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV23195.htm">23,195</a> (1933-10-10)
300# revoked DST.
301# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV27496.htm">27,496</a> (1949-11-24)
302# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV27998.htm">27,998</a> (1950-04-13)
303Rule Brazil 1949 1952 - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 S
304Rule Brazil 1950 only - Apr 16 1:00 0 -
305Rule Brazil 1951 1952 - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
306# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV32308.htm">32,308</a> (1953-02-24)
307Rule Brazil 1953 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
308# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV34724.htm">34,724</a> (1953-11-30)
309# revoked DST.
310# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV52700.htm">52,700</a> (1963-10-18)
311# established DST from 1963-10-23 00:00 to 1964-02-29 00:00
312# in SP, RJ, GB, MG, ES, due to the prolongation of the drought.
313# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV53071.htm">53,071</a> (1963-12-03)
314# extended the above decree to all of the national territory on 12-09.
315Rule Brazil 1963 only - Dec 9 0:00 1:00 S
316# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV53604.htm">53,604</a> (1964-02-25)
317# extended summer time by one day to 1964-03-01 00:00 (start of school).
318Rule Brazil 1964 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
319# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV55639.htm">55,639</a> (1965-01-27)
320Rule Brazil 1965 only - Jan 31 0:00 1:00 S
321Rule Brazil 1965 only - Mar 31 0:00 0 -
322# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV57303.htm">57,303</a> (1965-11-22)
323Rule Brazil 1965 only - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 S
324# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV57843.htm">57,843</a> (1966-02-18)
325Rule Brazil 1966 1968 - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
326Rule Brazil 1966 1967 - Nov 1 0:00 1:00 S
327# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV63429.htm">63,429</a> (1968-10-15)
328# revoked DST.
329# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV91698.htm">91,698</a> (1985-09-27)
330Rule Brazil 1985 only - Nov 2 0:00 1:00 S
331# Decree 92,310 (1986-01-21)
332# Decree 92,463 (1986-03-13)
333Rule Brazil 1986 only - Mar 15 0:00 0 -
334# Decree 93,316 (1986-10-01)
335Rule Brazil 1986 only - Oct 25 0:00 1:00 S
336Rule Brazil 1987 only - Feb 14 0:00 0 -
337# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV94922.htm">94,922</a> (1987-09-22)
338Rule Brazil 1987 only - Oct 25 0:00 1:00 S
339Rule Brazil 1988 only - Feb 7 0:00 0 -
340# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV96676.htm">96,676</a> (1988-09-12)
341# except for the states of AC, AM, PA, RR, RO, and AP (then a territory)
342Rule Brazil 1988 only - Oct 16 0:00 1:00 S
343Rule Brazil 1989 only - Jan 29 0:00 0 -
344# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV98077.htm">98,077</a> (1989-08-21)
345# with the same exceptions
346Rule Brazil 1989 only - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S
347Rule Brazil 1990 only - Feb 11 0:00 0 -
348# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV99530.htm">99,530</a> (1990-09-17)
349# adopted by RS, SC, PR, SP, RJ, ES, MG, GO, MS, DF.
350# Decree 99,629 (1990-10-19) adds BA, MT.
351Rule Brazil 1990 only - Oct 21 0:00 1:00 S
352Rule Brazil 1991 only - Feb 17 0:00 0 -
353# <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1991.htm">Unnumbered decree</a> (1991-09-25)
354# adopted by RS, SC, PR, SP, RJ, ES, MG, BA, GO, MT, MS, DF.
355Rule Brazil 1991 only - Oct 20 0:00 1:00 S
356Rule Brazil 1992 only - Feb 9 0:00 0 -
357# <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1992.htm">Unnumbered decree</a> (1992-10-16)
358# adopted by same states.
359Rule Brazil 1992 only - Oct 25 0:00 1:00 S
360Rule Brazil 1993 only - Jan 31 0:00 0 -
361# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV942.htm">942</a> (1993-09-28)
362# adopted by same states, plus AM.
363# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1252.htm">1,252</a> (1994-09-22)
364# adopted by same states, minus AM.
365# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1636.htm">1,636</a> (1995-09-14)
366# adopted by same states, plus TO.
367# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1674.htm">1,674</a> (1995-10-13)
368# adds AL, SE.
369Rule Brazil 1993 1995 - Oct Sun>=11 0:00 1:00 S
370Rule Brazil 1994 1995 - Feb Sun>=15 0:00 0 -
371Rule Brazil 1996 only - Feb 11 0:00 0 -
372# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV2000.htm">2,000</a> (1996-09-04)
373# adopted by same states, minus AL, SE.
374Rule Brazil 1996 only - Oct 6 0:00 1:00 S
375Rule Brazil 1997 only - Feb 16 0:00 0 -
376# From Daniel C. Sobral <dcs@gns.com.br> (1998-02-12):
377# In 1997, the DS began on October 6. The stated reason was that
378# because international television networks ignored Brazil's policy on DS,
379# they bought the wrong times on satellite for coverage of Pope's visit.
380# This year, the ending date of DS was postponed to March 1
381# to help dealing with the shortages of electric power.
382#
383# From Paul Eggert (1998-02-25):
384# <a href="http://churchnet.ucsm.ac.uk/news/files2/news165.htm">
385# Brazil Prepares for Papal Visit
386# </a>,
387# Church Net UK (1997-10-02).
388#
389# Decree 2,317 (1997-09-04), adopted by same states.
390Rule Brazil 1997 only - Oct 6 0:00 1:00 S
391# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/HV2495.JPG">2,495</a>
392# (1998-02-10)
393Rule Brazil 1998 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
394# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/Hv98.jpg">2,780</a> (1998-09-11)
395# adopted by the same states as before.
396Rule Brazil 1998 only - Oct 11 0:00 1:00 S
397Rule Brazil 1999 only - Feb 21 0:00 0 -
398# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/HV3150.gif">3,150</a>
399# (1999-08-23) adopted by same states.
400# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/DecHV99.gif">3,188</a> (1999-09-30)
401# adds SE, AL, PB, PE, RN, CE, PI, MA and RR.
402Rule Brazil 1999 only - Oct 3 0:00 1:00 S
403Rule Brazil 2000 only - Feb 27 0:00 0 -
404# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/DEC3592.htm">3,592</a> (2000-09-06)
405# adopted by the same states as before.
406# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/Dec3630.jpg">3,630</a> (2000-10-13)
407# repeals DST in PE and RR, effective 2000-10-15 00:00.
408# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/Dec3632.jpg">3,632</a> (2000-10-17)
409# repeals DST in SE, AL, PB, RN, CE, PI and MA, effective 2000-10-22 00:00.
410# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/HV3916.gif">3,916</a>
411# (2001-09-13) reestablishes DST in AL, CE, MA, PB, PE, PI, RN, SE.
412#
413# The latest decree listed above says that the following states observe DST:
414# AL, BA, CE, DF, ES, GO, MA, MG, MS, MT,
415# PB, PE, PI, PR, RJ, RN, RS, SC, SE, SP, TO.
416#
417# For dates after mid-2002, the following rules are guesses
418# and are quite possibly wrong, but are more likely than no DST at all.
419Rule Brazil 2000 max - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 S
420Rule Brazil 2001 max - Feb Sun>=15 0:00 0 -
421
422
423# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
424#
425# Atlantic islands: Fernando de Noronha, Trindade, Martin Vaz,
426# Atol das Rocas, and Penedos de Sao Pedro e Sao Paulo
427Zone America/Noronha -2:09:40 - LMT 1914
428 -2:00 Brazil FN%sT 1990 Sep 17
429 -2:00 - FNT
430#
431# Amapa (AP), east Para (PA)
432# East Para includes Belem, Maraba, Serra Norte, and Sao Felix do Xingu.
433Zone America/Belem -3:13:56 - LMT 1914
434 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1988 Sep 12
435 -3:00 - BRT
436#
437# Maranhao (MA), Piaui (PI), Ceara (CE), Rio Grande do Norte (RN),
438# Paraiba (PB)
439Zone America/Fortaleza -2:34:00 - LMT 1914
440 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1990 Sep 17
441 -3:00 - BRT 1999 Sep 30
442 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 2000 Oct 22
443 -3:00 - BRT 2001 Sep 13
444 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT
445#
446# Pernambuco (PE) (except Atlantic islands)
447Zone America/Recife -2:19:36 - LMT 1914
448 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1990 Sep 17
449 -3:00 - BRT 1999 Sep 30
450 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 2000 Oct 15
451 -3:00 - BRT 2001 Sep 13
452 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT
453#
454# Tocantins (TO)
455Zone America/Araguaina -3:12:48 - LMT 1914
456 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1990 Sep 17
457 -3:00 - BRT 1995 Sep 14
458 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT
459#
460# Alagoas (AL), Sergipe (SE)
461Zone America/Maceio -2:22:52 - LMT 1914
462 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1990 Sep 17
463 -3:00 - BRT 1995 Oct 13
464 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1996 Sep 4
465 -3:00 - BRT 1999 Sep 30
466 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 2000 Oct 22
467 -3:00 - BRT 2001 Sep 13
468 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT
469#
470# Bahia (BA), Goias (GO), Distrito Federal (DF), Minas Gerais (MG),
471# Espirito Santo (ES), Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Sao Paulo (SP), Parana (PR),
472# Santa Catarina (SC), Rio Grande do Sul (RS)
473Zone America/Sao_Paulo -3:06:28 - LMT 1914
474 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1963 Oct 23 00:00
475 -3:00 1:00 BRST 1964
476 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT
477#
478# Mato Grosso (MT), Mato Grosso do Sul (MS)
479Zone America/Cuiaba -3:44:20 - LMT 1914
480 -4:00 Brazil AM%sT
481#
482# west Para (PA), Rondonia (RO)
483# West Para includes Altamira, Oribidos, Prainha, Oriximina, and Santarem.
484Zone America/Porto_Velho -4:15:36 - LMT 1914
485 -4:00 Brazil AM%sT 1988 Sep 12
486 -4:00 - AMT
487#
488# Roraima (RR)
489Zone America/Boa_Vista -4:02:40 - LMT 1914
490 -4:00 Brazil AM%sT 1988 Sep 12
491 -4:00 - AMT 1999 Sep 30
492 -4:00 Brazil AM%sT 2000 Oct 15
493 -4:00 - AMT
494#
495# east Amazonas (AM): Boca do Acre, Jutai, Manaus, Floriano Peixoto
496Zone America/Manaus -4:00:04 - LMT 1914
497 -4:00 Brazil AM%sT 1988 Sep 12
498 -4:00 - AMT 1993 Sep 28
499 -4:00 Brazil AM%sT 1994 Sep 22
500 -4:00 - AMT
501#
502# west Amazonas (AM): Atalaia do Norte, Boca do Maoco, Benjamin Constant,
503# Eirunepe, Envira, Ipixuna
504Zone America/Eirunepe -4:39:28 - LMT 1914
505 -5:00 Brazil AC%sT 1988 Sep 12
506 -5:00 - ACT 1993 Sep 28
507 -5:00 Brazil AC%sT 1994 Sep 22
508 -5:00 - ACT
509#
510# Acre (AC)
511Zone America/Rio_Branco -4:31:12 - LMT 1914
512 -5:00 Brazil AC%sT 1988 Sep 12
513 -5:00 - ACT
514
515
516# Chile
517
518# From Eduardo Krell (1995-10-19):
519# The law says to switch to DST at midnight [24:00] on the second SATURDAY
520# of October.... The law is the same for March and October.
521# (1998-09-29):
522# Because of the drought this year, the government decided to go into
523# DST earlier (saturday 9/26 at 24:00). This is a one-time change only ...
524# (unless there's another dry season next year, I guess).
525
526# From Julio I. Pacheco Troncoso (1999-03-18):
527# Because of the same drought, the government decided to end DST later,
528# on April 3, (one-time change).
529
530# From Gwillim Law (2001-05-04):
531# I came across another article in "La Tercera" about Chilean DST.
532# <http://www.tercera.cl/diario/2000/10/13/t-extras.html>
533# It clearly confirms my earlier suggestion, that DST begins at 22:00
534# on Easter Island.... But it also seems to be saying that the
535# observance of DST in Chile began in 1966, rather than 1969 as
536# ... [Shanks] has it....
537#
538# My translation:
539#
540# "The Chilean Army has announced that summer time will begin tomorrow,
541# Saturday, October 14 in continental Chile, insular Chile, and
542# Antarctica, as provided by Supreme Decree 25 of January 11, 1966.
543# By the preceding, official time in continental Chile and Chilean
544# Antarctic, and official time in Western Insular Chile, which applies
545# to Easter Island and Sala y Gomez Island, will be set forward at
546# midnight and at 22:00, respectively, by 20 minutes."
547
548# From Paul Eggert (2001-05-04):
549# Go with this article in preference to Shanks's 1969 date for modern DST.
550# Assume this rule has been used since DST was introduced in the islands.
551
552# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
553Rule Chile 1918 only - Sep 1 0:00 1:00 S
554Rule Chile 1919 only - Jul 2 0:00 0 -
555Rule Chile 1927 1931 - Sep 1 0:00 1:00 S
556Rule Chile 1928 1932 - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
557Rule Chile 1966 1997 - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S
558Rule Chile 1967 1998 - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 -
559Rule Chile 1998 only - Sep 27 4:00u 1:00 S
560Rule Chile 1999 only - Apr 4 3:00u 0 -
561Rule Chile 1999 max - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S
562Rule Chile 2000 max - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 -
563# IATA SSIM anomalies: (1990-09) says 1990-09-16; (1992-02) says 1992-03-14;
564# (1996-09) says 1998-03-08. Ignore these.
565# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
566Zone America/Santiago -4:42:40 - LMT 1890
567 -4:42:40 - SMT 1910 # Santiago Mean Time
568 -5:00 Chile CL%sT 1932 Sep # Chile Time
569 -4:00 Chile CL%sT
570Zone Pacific/Easter -7:17:28 - LMT 1890 # Mataveri
571 -7:17:28 - MMT 1932 Sep # Mataveri Mean Time
572 -7:00 Chile EAS%sT 1982 Mar 14 # Easter I Time
573 -6:00 Chile EAS%sT
574#
575# Sala y Gomez Island is like Pacific/Easter.
576# Other Chilean locations, including Juan Fernandez Is, San Ambrosio,
577# San Felix, and Antarctic bases, are like America/Santiago.
578
579# Colombia
580# Shanks specifies 24:00 for 1992 transition times; go with IATA,
581# as it seems implausible to change clocks at midnight New Year's Eve.
582# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
583Rule CO 1992 only - May 2 0:00 1:00 S
584Rule CO 1992 only - Dec 31 0:00 0 -
585# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
586Zone America/Bogota -4:56:20 - LMT 1884 Mar 13
587 -4:56:20 - BMT 1914 Nov 23 # Bogota Mean Time
588 -5:00 CO CO%sT # Colombia Time
589# Malpelo, Providencia, San Andres
590# no information; probably like America/Bogota
591
592# Curacao
593# Shanks says that Bottom and Oranjestad have been at -4:00 since
594# standard time was introduced on 1912-03-02; and that Kralendijk and Rincon
595# used Kralendijk Mean Time (-4:33:08) from 1912-02-02 to 1965-01-01.
596# This all predates our 1970 cutoff, though.
597# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
598Zone America/Curacao -4:35:44 - LMT 1912 Feb 12 # Willemstad
599 -4:30 - ANT 1965 # Netherlands Antilles Time
600 -4:00 - AST
601
602# Ecuador
603# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
604Zone America/Guayaquil -5:19:20 - LMT 1890
605 -5:14:00 - QMT 1931 # Quito Mean Time
606 -5:00 - ECT # Ecuador Time
607Zone Pacific/Galapagos -5:58:24 - LMT 1931 # Puerto Baquerizo Moreno
608 -5:00 - ECT 1986
609 -6:00 - GALT # Galapagos Time
610
611# Falklands
612
613# From Paul Eggert (2001-03-05):
614# Between 1990 and 2000 inclusive, Shanks and the IATA agree except
615# the IATA gives 1996-09-08. Go with Shanks.
616
617# From Falkland Islands Government Office, London (2001-01-22)
618# via Jesper Norgaard:
619# ... the clocks revert back to Local Mean Time at 2 am on Sunday 15
620# April 2001 and advance one hour to summer time at 2 am on Sunday 2
621# September. It is anticipated that the clocks will revert back at 2
622# am on Sunday 21 April 2002 and advance to summer time at 2 am on
623# Sunday 1 September.
624
625# From Rives McDow (2001-02-13):
626#
627# I have communicated several times with people there, and the last
628# time I had communications that was helpful was in 1998. Here is
629# what was said then:
630#
631# "The general rule was that Stanley used daylight saving and the Camp
632# did not. However for various reasons many people in the Camp have
633# started to use daylight saving (known locally as 'Stanley Time')
634# There is no rule as to who uses daylight saving - it is a matter of
635# personal choice and so it is impossible to draw a map showing who
636# uses it and who does not. Any list would be out of date as soon as
637# it was produced. This year daylight saving ended on April 18/19th
638# and started again on September 12/13th. I do not know what the rule
639# is, but can find out if you like. We do not change at the same time
640# as UK or Chile."
641#
642# I did have in my notes that the rule was "Second Saturday in Sep at
643# 0:00 until third Saturday in Apr at 0:00". I think that this does
644# not agree in some cases with Shanks; is this true?
645#
646# Also, there is no mention in the list that some areas in the
647# Falklands do not use DST. I have found in my communications there
648# that these areas are on the western half of East Falkland and all of
649# West Falkland. Stanley is the only place that consistently observes
650# DST. Again, as in other places in the world, the farmers don't like
651# it. West Falkland is almost entirely sheep farmers.
652#
653# I know one lady there that keeps a list of which farm keeps DST and
654# which doesn't each year. She runs a shop in Stanley, and says that
655# the list changes each year. She uses it to communicate to her
656# customers, catching them when they are home for lunch or dinner.
657
658# From Paul Eggert (2001-03-05):
659# For now, we'll just record the time in Stanley, since we have no
660# better info.
661
662# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
663Rule Falk 1937 1938 - Sep lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
664Rule Falk 1938 1942 - Mar Sun>=19 0:00 0 -
665Rule Falk 1939 only - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S
666Rule Falk 1940 1942 - Sep lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
667Rule Falk 1943 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 -
668Rule Falk 1983 only - Sep lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
669Rule Falk 1984 1985 - Apr lastSun 0:00 0 -
670Rule Falk 1984 only - Sep 16 0:00 1:00 S
671Rule Falk 1985 2000 - Sep Sun>=9 0:00 1:00 S
672Rule Falk 1986 2000 - Apr Sun>=16 0:00 0 -
673Rule Falk 2001 max - Apr Sun>=15 2:00 0 -
674Rule Falk 2001 max - Sep Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S
675# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
676Zone Atlantic/Stanley -3:51:24 - LMT 1890
677 -3:51:24 - SMT 1912 Mar 12 # Stanley Mean Time
678 -4:00 Falk FK%sT 1983 May # Falkland Is Time
679 -3:00 Falk FK%sT 1985 Sep 15
680 -4:00 Falk FK%sT
681
682# French Guiana
683# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
684Zone America/Cayenne -3:29:20 - LMT 1911 Jul
685 -4:00 - GFT 1967 Oct # French Guiana Time
686 -3:00 - GFT
687
688# Guyana
689# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
690Zone America/Guyana -3:52:40 - LMT 1915 Mar # Georgetown
691 -3:45 - GBGT 1966 May 26 # Br Guiana Time
692 -3:45 - GYT 1975 Jul 31 # Guyana Time
693 -3:00 - GYT 1991
694# IATA SSIM (1996-06) says -4:00. Assume a 1991 switch.
695 -4:00 - GYT
696
697# Paraguay
698# From Paul Eggert (1999-10-29):
699# Shanks (1999) says that spring transitions are from 01:00 -> 02:00,
700# and autumn transitions are from 00:00 -> 23:00. Go with earlier
701# editions of Shanks, and with the IATA, who say transitions occur at 00:00.
702# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
703Rule Para 1975 1988 - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S
704Rule Para 1975 1978 - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
705Rule Para 1979 1991 - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
706Rule Para 1989 only - Oct 22 0:00 1:00 S
707Rule Para 1990 only - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S
708Rule Para 1991 only - Oct 6 0:00 1:00 S
709Rule Para 1992 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
710Rule Para 1992 only - Oct 5 0:00 1:00 S
711Rule Para 1993 only - Mar 31 0:00 0 -
712Rule Para 1993 1995 - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S
713Rule Para 1994 1995 - Feb lastSun 0:00 0 -
714Rule Para 1996 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
715# IATA SSIM (2000-02) says 1999-10-10; ignore this for now.
716# From Steffen Thorsen (2000-10-02):
717# I have three independent reports that Paraguay changed to DST this Sunday
718# (10-01).
719#
720# Translated by Gwillim Law (2001-02-27) from
721# <a href="http://www.diarionoticias.com.py/011000/nacional/naciona1.htm">
722# Noticias, a daily paper in Asuncion, Paraguay (2000-10-01)
723# </a>:
724# Starting at 0:00 today, the clock will be set forward 60 minutes, in
725# fulfillment of Decree No. 7,273 of the Executive Power.... The time change
726# system has been operating for several years. Formerly there was a separate
727# decree each year; the new law has the same effect, but permanently. Every
728# year, the time will change on the first Sunday of October; likewise, the
729# clock will be set back on the first Sunday of March.
730#
731# From Jesper Norgaard (2001-03-06) [an official URL saying similar things]:
732# http://gateway.abc.com.py:8000/pub/pag04.mbr/artic?FHA=2001-03-03-02.24.52.900592
733#
734Rule Para 1996 max - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
735# IATA SSIM (1997-09) says Mar 1; go with Shanks.
736Rule Para 1997 only - Feb lastSun 0:00 0 -
737# Shanks says 1999-02-28; IATA SSIM (1999-02) says 1999-02-27, but
738# (1999-09) reports no date; go with above sources and Gerd Knops (2001-02-27).
739Rule Para 1998 max - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
740
741# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
742Zone America/Asuncion -3:50:40 - LMT 1890
743 -3:50:40 - AMT 1931 Oct 10 # Asuncion Mean Time
744 -4:00 - PYT 1972 Oct # Paraguay Time
745 -3:00 - PYT 1974 Apr
746 -4:00 Para PY%sT
747
748# Peru
749# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
750Rule Peru 1938 only - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 S
751Rule Peru 1938 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
752Rule Peru 1938 1939 - Sep lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
753Rule Peru 1939 1940 - Mar Sun>=24 0:00 0 -
754Rule Peru 1987 only - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 S
755Rule Peru 1987 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
756Rule Peru 1990 only - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 S
757Rule Peru 1990 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
758# IATA is ambiguous for 1993/1995; go with Shanks.
759Rule Peru 1994 only - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 S
760Rule Peru 1994 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
761# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
762Zone America/Lima -5:08:12 - LMT 1890
763 -5:08:36 - LMT 1908 Jul 28 # Lima Mean Time?
764 -5:00 Peru PE%sT # Peru Time
765
766# South Georgia
767# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
768Zone Atlantic/South_Georgia -2:26:08 - LMT 1890 # Grytviken
769 -2:00 - GST # South Georgia Time
770
771# South Sandwich Is
772# uninhabited; scientific personnel have wintered
773
774# Suriname
775# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
776Zone America/Paramaribo -3:40:40 - LMT 1911
777 -3:40:52 - PMT 1935 # Paramaribo Mean Time
778 -3:40:36 - PMT 1945 Oct # The capital moved?
779 -3:30 - NEGT 1975 Nov 20 # Dutch Guiana Time
780 -3:30 - SRT 1984 Oct # Suriname Time
781 -3:00 - SRT
782
783# Trinidad and Tobago
784# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
785Zone America/Port_of_Spain -4:06:04 - LMT 1912 Mar 2
786 -4:00 - AST
787
788# Uruguay
789# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1993-11-18):
790# Uruguay wins the prize for the strangest peacetime manipulation of the rules.
791# From Shanks:
792# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
793# Whitman gives 1923 Oct 1; go with Shanks.
794Rule Uruguay 1923 only - Oct 2 0:00 0:30 HS
795Rule Uruguay 1924 1926 - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
796Rule Uruguay 1924 1925 - Oct 1 0:00 0:30 HS
797Rule Uruguay 1933 1935 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0:30 HS
798# Shanks gives 1935 Apr 1 0:00 and 1936 Mar 30 0:00; go with Whitman.
799Rule Uruguay 1934 1936 - Mar Sat>=25 23:30s 0 -
800Rule Uruguay 1936 only - Nov 1 0:00 0:30 HS
801Rule Uruguay 1937 1941 - Mar lastSun 0:00 0 -
802# Whitman gives 1937 Oct 3; go with Shanks.
803Rule Uruguay 1937 1940 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0:30 HS
804# Whitman gives 1941 Oct 24 - 1942 Mar 27, 1942 Dec 14 - 1943 Apr 13,
805# and 1943 Apr 13 ``to present time''; go with Shanks.
806Rule Uruguay 1941 only - Aug 1 0:00 0 -
807Rule Uruguay 1942 only - Jan 1 0:00 0:30 HS
808Rule Uruguay 1942 only - Dec 14 0:00 1:00 S
809Rule Uruguay 1943 only - Mar 14 0:00 0 -
810Rule Uruguay 1959 only - May 24 0:00 1:00 S
811Rule Uruguay 1959 only - Nov 15 0:00 0 -
812Rule Uruguay 1960 only - Jan 17 0:00 1:00 S
813Rule Uruguay 1960 only - Mar 6 0:00 0 -
814Rule Uruguay 1965 1967 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
815Rule Uruguay 1965 only - Sep 26 0:00 0 -
816Rule Uruguay 1966 1967 - Oct 31 0:00 0 -
817Rule Uruguay 1968 1970 - May 27 0:00 0:30 HS
818Rule Uruguay 1968 1970 - Dec 2 0:00 0 -
819Rule Uruguay 1972 only - Apr 24 0:00 1:00 S
820Rule Uruguay 1972 only - Aug 15 0:00 0 -
821Rule Uruguay 1974 only - Mar 10 0:00 0:30 HS
822Rule Uruguay 1974 only - Dec 22 0:00 1:00 S
823Rule Uruguay 1976 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
824Rule Uruguay 1977 only - Dec 4 0:00 1:00 S
825Rule Uruguay 1978 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
826Rule Uruguay 1979 only - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S
827Rule Uruguay 1980 only - May 1 0:00 0 -
828Rule Uruguay 1987 only - Dec 14 0:00 1:00 S
829Rule Uruguay 1988 only - Mar 14 0:00 0 -
830Rule Uruguay 1988 only - Dec 11 0:00 1:00 S
831Rule Uruguay 1989 only - Mar 12 0:00 0 -
832Rule Uruguay 1989 only - Oct 29 0:00 1:00 S
833# Shanks says no DST was observed in 1990/1 and 1991/2,
834# and that 1992/3's DST was from 10-25 to 03-01. Go with IATA.
835Rule Uruguay 1990 1992 - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
836Rule Uruguay 1990 1991 - Oct Sun>=21 0:00 1:00 S
837Rule Uruguay 1992 only - Oct 18 0:00 1:00 S
838Rule Uruguay 1993 only - Feb 28 0:00 0 -
839# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
840Zone America/Montevideo -3:44:44 - LMT 1898 Jun 28
841 -3:44:44 - MMT 1920 May 1 # Montevideo MT
842 -3:30 Uruguay UY%sT 1942 Dec 14 # Uruguay Time
843 -3:00 Uruguay UY%sT
844
845# Venezuela
846# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
847Zone America/Caracas -4:27:44 - LMT 1890
848 -4:27:40 - CMT 1912 Feb 12 # Caracas Mean Time?
849 -4:30 - VET 1965 # Venezuela Time
850 -4:00 - VET