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1# @(#)europe 7.78
1# @(#)europe 7.80
2
2
3# $FreeBSD: head/share/zoneinfo/europe 75267 2001-04-06 16:46:52Z wollman $
3# $FreeBSD: head/share/zoneinfo/europe 86222 2001-11-09 19:17:59Z wollman $
4
5# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
6# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
7# tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future).
8
9# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1999-10-29):
10# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is
11# Thomas G. Shanks, The International Atlas (5th edition),
12# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1999).
13#
4
5# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
6# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
7# tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future).
8
9# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1999-10-29):
10# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is
11# Thomas G. Shanks, The International Atlas (5th edition),
12# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1999).
13#
14# Gwillim Law <Gwil_Law@bridge-point.com> writes that a good source
14# Gwillim Law writes that a good source
15# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
16# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
17# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries
18# of the IATA's data after 1990.
19#
20# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks is the source for entries through 1991,
21# and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards.
22#

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38# std dst
39# LMT Local Mean Time
40# -4:00 AST Atlantic
41# -3:00 WGT WGST Western Greenland*
42# -1:00 EGT EGST Eastern Greenland*
43# 0:00 GMT BST Greenwich, British Summer
44# 0:00 GMT IST Greenwich, Irish Summer
45# 0:00 WET WEST Western Europe
15# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
16# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
17# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries
18# of the IATA's data after 1990.
19#
20# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks is the source for entries through 1991,
21# and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards.
22#

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38# std dst
39# LMT Local Mean Time
40# -4:00 AST Atlantic
41# -3:00 WGT WGST Western Greenland*
42# -1:00 EGT EGST Eastern Greenland*
43# 0:00 GMT BST Greenwich, British Summer
44# 0:00 GMT IST Greenwich, Irish Summer
45# 0:00 WET WEST Western Europe
46# 0:19:32 AMT NST Amsterdam, Netherlands Summer (1835-1937)*
47# 0:20 NET NEST Netherlands (1937-1940)*
46# 1:00 CET CEST Central Europe
48# 1:00 CET CEST Central Europe
49# 1:00:14 SET Swedish (1879-1899)*
47# 2:00 EET EEST Eastern Europe
48# 3:00 MSK MSD Moscow
49#
50# A reliable and entertaining source about time zones, especially in Britain,
51# Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997).
52
53# From Peter Ilieve <peter@memex.co.uk> (1994-12-04),
54# The original six [EU members]: Belgium, France, (West) Germany, Italy,

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200# From Joseph S. Myers <jsm28@cam.ac.uk> (1998-01-06):
201#
202# The legal time in the UK outside of summer time is definitely GMT, not UTC;
203# see Lord Tanlaw's speech
204# <a href="http://www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk/pa/ld199697/ldhansrd/pdvn/lds97/text/70611-20.htm#70611-20_head0">
205# (Lords Hansard 11 June 1997 columns 964 to 976)
206# </a>.
207
50# 2:00 EET EEST Eastern Europe
51# 3:00 MSK MSD Moscow
52#
53# A reliable and entertaining source about time zones, especially in Britain,
54# Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997).
55
56# From Peter Ilieve <peter@memex.co.uk> (1994-12-04),
57# The original six [EU members]: Belgium, France, (West) Germany, Italy,

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203# From Joseph S. Myers <jsm28@cam.ac.uk> (1998-01-06):
204#
205# The legal time in the UK outside of summer time is definitely GMT, not UTC;
206# see Lord Tanlaw's speech
207# <a href="http://www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk/pa/ld199697/ldhansrd/pdvn/lds97/text/70611-20.htm#70611-20_head0">
208# (Lords Hansard 11 June 1997 columns 964 to 976)
209# </a>.
210
208# From Paul Eggert (2000-02-17):
211# From Paul Eggert (2001-07-18):
209#
210# For lack of other data, we'll follow Shanks for Eire in 1940-1948.
211#
212# Given Ilieve and Myers's data, the following claims by Shanks are incorrect:
213# * Wales did not switch from GMT to daylight saving time until
214# 1921 Apr 3, when they began to conform with the rest of Great Britain.
215# Actually, Wales was identical after 1880.
216# * Eire had two transitions on 1916 Oct 1.

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228# S.R.&O. 1916, No. 382 and HO 45/10811/312364 (quoted above) say otherwise.
229#
230# The following claim by Shanks is possible though doubtful;
231# we'll ignore it for now.
232# * Dublin's 1971-10-31 switch was at 02:00, even though London's was 03:00.
233#
234#
235# Whitman says Dublin Mean Time was -0:25:21, which is more precise than Shanks.
212#
213# For lack of other data, we'll follow Shanks for Eire in 1940-1948.
214#
215# Given Ilieve and Myers's data, the following claims by Shanks are incorrect:
216# * Wales did not switch from GMT to daylight saving time until
217# 1921 Apr 3, when they began to conform with the rest of Great Britain.
218# Actually, Wales was identical after 1880.
219# * Eire had two transitions on 1916 Oct 1.

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231# S.R.&O. 1916, No. 382 and HO 45/10811/312364 (quoted above) say otherwise.
232#
233# The following claim by Shanks is possible though doubtful;
234# we'll ignore it for now.
235# * Dublin's 1971-10-31 switch was at 02:00, even though London's was 03:00.
236#
237#
238# Whitman says Dublin Mean Time was -0:25:21, which is more precise than Shanks.
239# Perhaps this was Dunsink Observatory Time, as Dunsink Observatory
240# (8 km NW of Dublin's center) seemingly was to Dublin as Greenwich was
241# to London. For example:
242#
243# "Timeball on the ballast office is down. Dunsink time."
244# -- James Joyce, Ulysses
236
237# From Paul Eggert (1999-03-28):
238# Clive Feather (<news:859845706.26043.0@office.demon.net>, 1997-03-31)
239# reports that Folkestone (Cheriton) Shuttle Terminal uses Concession Time
240# (CT), equivalent to French civil time.
241# Julian Hill (<news:36118128.5A14@virgin.net>, 1998-09-30) reports that
242# trains between Dollands Moor (the freight facility next door)
243# and Frethun run in CT.

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368
369# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
370Zone Europe/London -0:01:15 - LMT 1847 Dec 1
371 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1968 Oct 27
372 1:00 - BST 1971 Oct 31 2:00u
373 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1996
374 0:00 EU GMT/BST
375Zone Europe/Belfast -0:23:40 - LMT 1880 Aug 2
245
246# From Paul Eggert (1999-03-28):
247# Clive Feather (<news:859845706.26043.0@office.demon.net>, 1997-03-31)
248# reports that Folkestone (Cheriton) Shuttle Terminal uses Concession Time
249# (CT), equivalent to French civil time.
250# Julian Hill (<news:36118128.5A14@virgin.net>, 1998-09-30) reports that
251# trains between Dollands Moor (the freight facility next door)
252# and Frethun run in CT.

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377
378# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
379Zone Europe/London -0:01:15 - LMT 1847 Dec 1
380 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1968 Oct 27
381 1:00 - BST 1971 Oct 31 2:00u
382 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1996
383 0:00 EU GMT/BST
384Zone Europe/Belfast -0:23:40 - LMT 1880 Aug 2
376 -0:25:21 - DMT 1916 May 21 2:00 # Dublin MT
385 -0:25:21 - DMT 1916 May 21 2:00 # Dublin/Dunsink MT
377 -0:25:21 1:00 IST 1916 Oct 1 2:00s # Irish Summer Time
378 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1968 Oct 27
379 1:00 - BST 1971 Oct 31 2:00u
380 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1996
381 0:00 EU GMT/BST
386 -0:25:21 1:00 IST 1916 Oct 1 2:00s # Irish Summer Time
387 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1968 Oct 27
388 1:00 - BST 1971 Oct 31 2:00u
389 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1996
390 0:00 EU GMT/BST
382Zone Europe/Dublin -0:25:21 - LMT 1880 Aug 2
383 -0:25:21 - DMT 1916 May 21 2:00 # Dublin MT
391Zone Europe/Dublin -0:25:00 - LMT 1880 Aug 2
392 -0:25:21 - DMT 1916 May 21 2:00
384 -0:25:21 1:00 IST 1916 Oct 1 2:00s
385 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1921 Dec 6 # independence
386 0:00 GB-Eire GMT/IST 1940 Feb 25 2:00
387 0:00 1:00 IST 1946 Oct 6 2:00
388 0:00 - GMT 1947 Mar 16 2:00
389 0:00 1:00 IST 1947 Nov 2 2:00
390 0:00 - GMT 1948 Apr 18 2:00
391 0:00 GB-Eire GMT/IST 1968 Oct 27

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722#
723# From Paul Eggert (1996-11-22):
724# Greenland joined the EU as part of Denmark, obtained home rule on 1979-05-01,
725# and left the EU on 1985-02-01. It therefore should have been using EU
726# rules at least through 1984. Shanks says Scoresbysund and Godthab
727# used C-Eur rules after 1980, but IATA SSIM (1991/1996) says they use EU
728# rules since at least 1991. Assume EU rules since 1980.
729
393 -0:25:21 1:00 IST 1916 Oct 1 2:00s
394 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1921 Dec 6 # independence
395 0:00 GB-Eire GMT/IST 1940 Feb 25 2:00
396 0:00 1:00 IST 1946 Oct 6 2:00
397 0:00 - GMT 1947 Mar 16 2:00
398 0:00 1:00 IST 1947 Nov 2 2:00
399 0:00 - GMT 1948 Apr 18 2:00
400 0:00 GB-Eire GMT/IST 1968 Oct 27

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731#
732# From Paul Eggert (1996-11-22):
733# Greenland joined the EU as part of Denmark, obtained home rule on 1979-05-01,
734# and left the EU on 1985-02-01. It therefore should have been using EU
735# rules at least through 1984. Shanks says Scoresbysund and Godthab
736# used C-Eur rules after 1980, but IATA SSIM (1991/1996) says they use EU
737# rules since at least 1991. Assume EU rules since 1980.
738
739# From Gwillin Law (2001-06-06), citing
740# <http://www.statkart.no/efs/efshefter/2001/efs5-2001.pdf> (2001-03-15),
741# and with translations corrected by Steffen Thorsen:
730#
742#
743# Greenland has four local times, and the relation to UTC
744# is according to the following time line:
745#
746# The military zone near Thule UTC-4
747# Standard Greenland time UTC-3
748# Scoresbysund UTC-1
749# Danmarkshavn UTC
750#
751# In the military area near Thule and in Danmarkshavn DST will not be
752# introduced.
753
754# From Paul Eggert (2001-09-29):
755# The 1997 CIA map shows Danmarkshavn on GMT; the 1995 map as like Godthab.
756# For lack of better info, assume they were like Godthab before 1996.
757# The 2000 IATA shows Thule as observing DST, so assume they stopped in 2001.
758
759#
731# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
760# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
732Rule Thule 1993 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
733Rule Thule 1993 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
761Rule Thule 1993 2000 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
762Rule Thule 1993 2000 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
734#
735# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
763#
764# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
765Zone America/Danmarkshavn -1:14:40 - LMT 1916 Jul 28
766 -3:00 - WGT 1980 Apr 6 2:00
767 -3:00 EU WG%sT 1996
768 0:00 - GMT
736Zone America/Scoresbysund -1:29:00 - LMT 1916 Jul 28 # Ittoqqortoormiit
737 -2:00 - CGT 1980 Apr 6 2:00
738 -2:00 C-Eur CG%sT 1981 Mar 29
739 -1:00 EU EG%sT
740Zone America/Godthab -3:26:56 - LMT 1916 Jul 28 # Nuuk
741 -3:00 - WGT 1980 Apr 6 2:00
742 -3:00 EU WG%sT
743Zone America/Thule -4:35:08 - LMT 1916 Jul 28 # Pituffik air base

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1075 -1:27:48 - RMT 1908 # Reykjavik Mean Time?
1076 -1:00 Iceland IS%sT 1968 Apr 7 1:00s
1077 0:00 - GMT
1078
1079# Italy
1080#
1081# From Paul Eggert (2001-03-06):
1082# Sicily and Sardinia each had their own time zones from 1866 to 1893,
769Zone America/Scoresbysund -1:29:00 - LMT 1916 Jul 28 # Ittoqqortoormiit
770 -2:00 - CGT 1980 Apr 6 2:00
771 -2:00 C-Eur CG%sT 1981 Mar 29
772 -1:00 EU EG%sT
773Zone America/Godthab -3:26:56 - LMT 1916 Jul 28 # Nuuk
774 -3:00 - WGT 1980 Apr 6 2:00
775 -3:00 EU WG%sT
776Zone America/Thule -4:35:08 - LMT 1916 Jul 28 # Pituffik air base

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1108 -1:27:48 - RMT 1908 # Reykjavik Mean Time?
1109 -1:00 Iceland IS%sT 1968 Apr 7 1:00s
1110 0:00 - GMT
1111
1112# Italy
1113#
1114# From Paul Eggert (2001-03-06):
1115# Sicily and Sardinia each had their own time zones from 1866 to 1893,
1083# called ``Palermo Time'' (+0053) and ``Cagliari Time'' (+0038).
1116# called Palermo Time (+00:53:28) and Cagliari Time (+00:36:32).
1084# During World War II, German-controlled Italy used German time.
1085# But these events all occurred before the 1970 cutoff,
1086# so record only the time in Rome.
1087#
1088# From Paul Eggert (1996-05-06):
1089# For Italian DST we have three sources: Shanks, Whitman, and F. Pollastri
1090# <a href="http://toi.iriti.cnr.it/uk/ienitlt.html">
1091# Day-light Saving Time in Italy (1996-03-14)

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1368# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1369Zone Europe/Monaco 0:29:32 - LMT 1891 Mar 15
1370 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time
1371 0:00 France WE%sT 1945 Sep 16 3:00
1372 1:00 France CE%sT 1977
1373 1:00 EU CE%sT
1374
1375# Netherlands
1117# During World War II, German-controlled Italy used German time.
1118# But these events all occurred before the 1970 cutoff,
1119# so record only the time in Rome.
1120#
1121# From Paul Eggert (1996-05-06):
1122# For Italian DST we have three sources: Shanks, Whitman, and F. Pollastri
1123# <a href="http://toi.iriti.cnr.it/uk/ienitlt.html">
1124# Day-light Saving Time in Italy (1996-03-14)

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1401# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1402Zone Europe/Monaco 0:29:32 - LMT 1891 Mar 15
1403 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time
1404 0:00 France WE%sT 1945 Sep 16 3:00
1405 1:00 France CE%sT 1977
1406 1:00 EU CE%sT
1407
1408# Netherlands
1409
1376# Howse writes that the Netherlands' railways used GMT between 1892 and 1940,
1377# but for other purposes the Netherlands used Amsterdam mean time.
1410# Howse writes that the Netherlands' railways used GMT between 1892 and 1940,
1411# but for other purposes the Netherlands used Amsterdam mean time.
1378# The data before 1945 is taken from
1412
1413# However, Robert H. van Gent writes (2001-04-01):
1414# Howse's statement is only correct up to 1909. From 1909-05-01 (00:00:00
1415# Amsterdam mean time) onwards, the whole of the Netherlands (including
1416# the Dutch railways) was required by law to observe Amsterdam mean time
1417# (19 minutes 32.13 seconds ahead of GMT). This had already been the
1418# common practice (except for the railways) for many decades but it was
1419# not until 1909 when the Dutch government finally defined this by law.
1420# On 1937-07-01 this was changed to 20 minutes (exactly) ahead of GMT and
1421# was generally known as Dutch Time ("Nederlandse Tijd").
1422#
1423# (2001-04-08):
1424# 1892-05-01 was the date when the Dutch railways were by law required to
1425# observe GMT while the remainder of the Netherlands adhered to the common
1426# practice of following Amsterdam mean time.
1427#
1428# (2001-04-09):
1429# In 1835 the authorities of the province of North Holland requested the
1430# municipal authorities of the towns and cities in the province to observe
1431# Amsterdam mean time but I do not know in how many cases this request was
1432# actually followed.
1433#
1434# From 1852 onwards the Dutch telegraph offices were by law required to
1435# observe Amsterdam mean time. As the time signals from the observatory of
1436# Leiden were also distributed by the telegraph system, I assume that most
1437# places linked up with the telegraph (and railway) system automatically
1438# adopted Amsterdam mean time.
1439#
1440# Although the early Dutch railway companies initially observed a variety
1441# of times, most of them had adopted Amsterdam mean time by 1858 but it
1442# was not until 1866 when they were all required by law to observe
1443# Amsterdam mean time.
1444
1445# The data before 1945 are taken from
1379# <http://www.phys.uu.nl/~vgent/wettijd/wettijd.htm>.
1446# <http://www.phys.uu.nl/~vgent/wettijd/wettijd.htm>.
1447
1380# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1381Rule Neth 1916 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 NST # Netherlands Summer Time
1382Rule Neth 1916 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 AMT # Amsterdam Mean Time
1383Rule Neth 1917 only - Apr 16 2:00s 1:00 NST
1384Rule Neth 1917 only - Sep 17 2:00s 0 AMT
1385Rule Neth 1918 1921 - Apr Mon>=1 2:00s 1:00 NST
1448# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1449Rule Neth 1916 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 NST # Netherlands Summer Time
1450Rule Neth 1916 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 AMT # Amsterdam Mean Time
1451Rule Neth 1917 only - Apr 16 2:00s 1:00 NST
1452Rule Neth 1917 only - Sep 17 2:00s 0 AMT
1453Rule Neth 1918 1921 - Apr Mon>=1 2:00s 1:00 NST
1386Rule Neth 1918 1921 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 AMT
1454Rule Neth 1918 1921 - Sep lastMon 2:00s 0 AMT
1387Rule Neth 1922 only - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 NST
1388Rule Neth 1922 1936 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00s 0 AMT
1389Rule Neth 1923 only - Jun Fri>=1 2:00s 1:00 NST
1390Rule Neth 1924 only - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 NST
1391Rule Neth 1925 only - Jun Fri>=1 2:00s 1:00 NST
1455Rule Neth 1922 only - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 NST
1456Rule Neth 1922 1936 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00s 0 AMT
1457Rule Neth 1923 only - Jun Fri>=1 2:00s 1:00 NST
1458Rule Neth 1924 only - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 NST
1459Rule Neth 1925 only - Jun Fri>=1 2:00s 1:00 NST
1460# From 1926 through 1939 DST began 05-15, except that it was delayed by a week
1461# in years when 05-15 fell in the Pentecost weekend.
1392Rule Neth 1926 1931 - May 15 2:00s 1:00 NST
1393Rule Neth 1932 only - May 22 2:00s 1:00 NST
1394Rule Neth 1933 1936 - May 15 2:00s 1:00 NST
1395Rule Neth 1937 only - May 22 2:00s 1:00 NST
1396Rule Neth 1937 only - Jul 1 0:00 1:00 S
1397Rule Neth 1937 1939 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00s 0 -
1398Rule Neth 1938 1939 - May 15 2:00s 1:00 S
1399Rule Neth 1945 only - Apr 2 2:00s 1:00 S
1400Rule Neth 1945 only - Sep 16 2:00s 0 -
1462Rule Neth 1926 1931 - May 15 2:00s 1:00 NST
1463Rule Neth 1932 only - May 22 2:00s 1:00 NST
1464Rule Neth 1933 1936 - May 15 2:00s 1:00 NST
1465Rule Neth 1937 only - May 22 2:00s 1:00 NST
1466Rule Neth 1937 only - Jul 1 0:00 1:00 S
1467Rule Neth 1937 1939 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00s 0 -
1468Rule Neth 1938 1939 - May 15 2:00s 1:00 S
1469Rule Neth 1945 only - Apr 2 2:00s 1:00 S
1470Rule Neth 1945 only - Sep 16 2:00s 0 -
1471#
1472# Amsterdam Mean Time was +00:19:32.13 exactly, but the .13 is omitted
1473# below because the current format requires GMTOFF to be an integer.
1401# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1474# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1402Zone Europe/Amsterdam 0:19:28 - LMT 1892 May
1403 0:19:28 Neth %s 1937 Jul
1404 0:20 Neth NE%sT 1940 May 17 0:00
1475Zone Europe/Amsterdam 0:19:32 - LMT 1835
1476 0:19:32 Neth %s 1937 Jul 1
1477 0:20 Neth NE%sT 1940 May 16 0:00 # Dutch Time
1405 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 Apr 2 2:00
1406 1:00 Neth CE%sT 1977
1407 1:00 EU CE%sT
1408
1409# Norway
1410# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1411# Whitman gives 1916 May 21 - 1916 Oct 21; go with Shanks.
1412Rule Norway 1916 only - May 22 1:00 1:00 S
1413Rule Norway 1916 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 -
1414# Whitman says DST observed 1935-08-11/1942-11-01, then 1943-03-29/10-04,
1415# 1944-04-03/10-02, and 1945-04-01/10-01; go with Shanks.
1416Rule Norway 1945 only - Apr 2 2:00s 1:00 S
1417Rule Norway 1945 only - Oct 1 2:00s 0 -
1418Rule Norway 1959 1964 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 1:00 S
1419Rule Norway 1959 1965 - Sep Sun>=15 2:00s 0 -
1420Rule Norway 1965 only - Apr 25 2:00s 1:00 S
1421# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1478 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 Apr 2 2:00
1479 1:00 Neth CE%sT 1977
1480 1:00 EU CE%sT
1481
1482# Norway
1483# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1484# Whitman gives 1916 May 21 - 1916 Oct 21; go with Shanks.
1485Rule Norway 1916 only - May 22 1:00 1:00 S
1486Rule Norway 1916 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 -
1487# Whitman says DST observed 1935-08-11/1942-11-01, then 1943-03-29/10-04,
1488# 1944-04-03/10-02, and 1945-04-01/10-01; go with Shanks.
1489Rule Norway 1945 only - Apr 2 2:00s 1:00 S
1490Rule Norway 1945 only - Oct 1 2:00s 0 -
1491Rule Norway 1959 1964 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 1:00 S
1492Rule Norway 1959 1965 - Sep Sun>=15 2:00s 0 -
1493Rule Norway 1965 only - Apr 25 2:00s 1:00 S
1494# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1422Zone Europe/Oslo 0:43:00 - LMT 1895
1495Zone Europe/Oslo 0:43:00 - LMT 1895 Jan 1
1423 1:00 Norway CE%sT 1940 Aug 10 23:00
1424 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 Apr 2 2:00
1425 1:00 Norway CE%sT 1980
1426 1:00 EU CE%sT
1427
1428# Svalbard & Jan Mayen
1496 1:00 Norway CE%sT 1940 Aug 10 23:00
1497 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 Apr 2 2:00
1498 1:00 Norway CE%sT 1980
1499 1:00 EU CE%sT
1500
1501# Svalbard & Jan Mayen
1502
1503# From Steffen Thorsen (2001-05-01):
1504# Although I could not find it explicitly, it seems that Jan Mayen and
1505# Svalbard have been using the same time as Norway at least since the
1506# time they were declared as parts of Norway. Svalbard was declared
1507# as a part of Norway by law of 1925-07-17 no 11, section 4 and Jan
1508# Mayen by law of 1930-02-27 no 2, section 2. (From
1509# http://www.lovdata.no/all/nl-19250717-011.html and
1510# http://www.lovdata.no/all/nl-19300227-002.html). The law/regulation
1511# for normal/standard time in Norway is from 1894-06-29 no 1 (came
1512# into operation on 1895-01-01) and Svalbard/Jan Mayen seem to be a
1513# part of this law since 1925/1930. (From
1514# http://www.lovdata.no/all/nl-18940629-001.html ) I have not been
1515# able to find if Jan Mayen used a different time zone (e.g. -0100)
1516# before 1930. Jan Mayen has only been "inhabitated" since 1921 by
1517# Norwegian meteorologists and maybe used the same time as Norway ever
1518# since 1921. Svalbard (Arctic/Longyearbyen) has been inhabited since
1519# before 1895, and therefore probably changed the local time somewhere
1520# between 1895 and 1925 (inclusive).
1521
1522# From Paul Eggert (2001-05-01):
1523#
1524# Actually, Jan Mayen was never occupied by Germany during World War II,
1525# so it must have diverged from Oslo time during the war, as Olso was
1526# keeping Berlin time.
1527#
1528# <http://home.no.net/janmayen/history.htm> says that the meteorologists
1529# burned down their station in 1940 and left the island, but returned in
1530# 1941 with a small Norwegian garrison and continued operations despite
1531# frequent air ttacks from Germans. In 1943 the Americans established a
1532# radiolocating station on the island, called "Atlantic City". Possibly
1533# the UTC offset changed during the war, but I think it unlikely that
1534# Jan Mayen used German daylight-saving rules.
1535#
1536# Svalbard is more complicated, as it was raided in August 1941 by an
1537# Allied party that evacuated the civilian population to England (says
1538# <http://www.bartleby.com/65/sv/Svalbard.html>). The Svalbard FAQ
1539# <http://www.svalbard.com/SvalbardFAQ.html> says that the Germans were
1540# expelled on 1942-05-14. However, small parties of Germans did return,
1541# and according to Wilhelm Dege's book "War North of 80" (1954)
1542# <http://www.utpress.utoronto.ca/publishing/rights/dege_warnorthof80.htm>
1543# the German armed forces at the Svalbard weather station code-named
1544# Haudegen did not surrender to the Allies until September 1945.
1545#
1546# All these events predate our cutoff date of 1970. Unless we can
1547# come up with more definitive info about the timekeeping during the
1548# war years it's probably best just do do the following for now:
1429Link Europe/Oslo Arctic/Longyearbyen
1549Link Europe/Oslo Arctic/Longyearbyen
1430# From Whitman:
1431# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1432Zone Atlantic/Jan_Mayen -1:00 - EGT
1550Link Europe/Oslo Atlantic/Jan_Mayen
1433
1434# Poland
1435# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1436Rule Poland 1918 1919 - Sep 16 2:00s 0 -
1437Rule Poland 1919 only - Apr 15 2:00s 1:00 S
1438# Whitman gives 1944 Nov 30; go with Shanks.
1439Rule Poland 1944 only - Oct 4 2:00 0 -
1440# For 1944-1948 Whitman gives the previous day; go with Shanks.

--- 127 unchanged lines hidden (view full) ---

1568 -0:36:32 - LMT 1911 May 24 # Lisbon Mean Time
1569 0:00 Port WE%sT 1966 Apr 3 2:00
1570 1:00 - CET 1976 Sep 26 1:00
1571 0:00 Port WE%sT 1983 Sep 25 1:00s
1572 0:00 W-Eur WE%sT 1992 Sep 27 1:00s
1573 1:00 EU CE%sT 1996 Mar 31 1:00u
1574 0:00 EU WE%sT
1575Zone Atlantic/Azores -1:42:40 - LMT 1884 # Ponta Delgada
1551
1552# Poland
1553# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1554Rule Poland 1918 1919 - Sep 16 2:00s 0 -
1555Rule Poland 1919 only - Apr 15 2:00s 1:00 S
1556# Whitman gives 1944 Nov 30; go with Shanks.
1557Rule Poland 1944 only - Oct 4 2:00 0 -
1558# For 1944-1948 Whitman gives the previous day; go with Shanks.

--- 127 unchanged lines hidden (view full) ---

1686 -0:36:32 - LMT 1911 May 24 # Lisbon Mean Time
1687 0:00 Port WE%sT 1966 Apr 3 2:00
1688 1:00 - CET 1976 Sep 26 1:00
1689 0:00 Port WE%sT 1983 Sep 25 1:00s
1690 0:00 W-Eur WE%sT 1992 Sep 27 1:00s
1691 1:00 EU CE%sT 1996 Mar 31 1:00u
1692 0:00 EU WE%sT
1693Zone Atlantic/Azores -1:42:40 - LMT 1884 # Ponta Delgada
1576 -1:55 - HMT 1911 May 24 # Horta Mean Time
1694 -1:54:32 - HMT 1911 May 24 # Horta Mean Time
1577 -2:00 Port AZO%sT 1966 Apr 3 2:00 # Azores Time
1578 -1:00 Port AZO%sT 1983 Sep 25 1:00s
1579 -1:00 W-Eur AZO%sT 1992 Sep 27 1:00s
1580 0:00 EU WE%sT 1993 Mar 28 1:00u
1581 -1:00 EU AZO%sT
1582Zone Atlantic/Madeira -1:07:36 - LMT 1884 # Funchal
1695 -2:00 Port AZO%sT 1966 Apr 3 2:00 # Azores Time
1696 -1:00 Port AZO%sT 1983 Sep 25 1:00s
1697 -1:00 W-Eur AZO%sT 1992 Sep 27 1:00s
1698 0:00 EU WE%sT 1993 Mar 28 1:00u
1699 -1:00 EU AZO%sT
1700Zone Atlantic/Madeira -1:07:36 - LMT 1884 # Funchal
1583 -1:08 - FMT 1911 May 24 # Funchal Mean Time
1701 -1:07:36 - FMT 1911 May 24 # Funchal Mean Time
1584 -1:00 Port MAD%sT 1966 Apr 3 2:00 # Madeira Time
1585 0:00 Port WE%sT 1983 Sep 25 1:00s
1586 0:00 EU WE%sT
1587
1588# Romania
1589#
1590# From Paul Eggert (1999-10-07):
1591# <a href="http://www.nineoclock.ro/POL/1778pol.html">

--- 24 unchanged lines hidden (view full) ---

1616# Russia
1617
1618# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1999-11-12):
1619# Except for Moscow after 1919-07-01, I invented the time zone abbreviations.
1620# Moscow time zone abbreviations after 1919-07-01, and Moscow rules after 1991,
1621# are from Andrey A. Chernov. The rest is from Shanks, except we follow
1622# Chernov's report that 1992 DST transitions were Sat 23:00, not Sun 02:00s.
1623#
1702 -1:00 Port MAD%sT 1966 Apr 3 2:00 # Madeira Time
1703 0:00 Port WE%sT 1983 Sep 25 1:00s
1704 0:00 EU WE%sT
1705
1706# Romania
1707#
1708# From Paul Eggert (1999-10-07):
1709# <a href="http://www.nineoclock.ro/POL/1778pol.html">

--- 24 unchanged lines hidden (view full) ---

1734# Russia
1735
1736# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1999-11-12):
1737# Except for Moscow after 1919-07-01, I invented the time zone abbreviations.
1738# Moscow time zone abbreviations after 1919-07-01, and Moscow rules after 1991,
1739# are from Andrey A. Chernov. The rest is from Shanks, except we follow
1740# Chernov's report that 1992 DST transitions were Sat 23:00, not Sun 02:00s.
1741#
1742# From Stanislaw A. Kuzikowski <S.A.Kuz@iae.nsk.su> (1994-06-29):
1743# But now it is some months since Novosibirsk is 3 hours ahead of Moscow!
1744# I do not know why they have decided to make this change;
1745# as far as I remember it was done exactly during winter->summer switching
1746# so we (Novosibirsk) simply did not switch.
1747#
1624# From Andrey A. Chernov <ache@nagual.ru> (1996-10-04):
1625# `MSK' and `MSD' were born and used initially on Moscow computers with
1626# Unix-like OSes by several developer groups (e.g. Demos group, Kiae group)....
1627# The next step was the UUCP network, the Relcom predecessor
1628# (used mainly for mail), and MSK/MSD was actively used there.
1629#
1630# From Chris Carrier <72157.3334@CompuServe.COM> (1996-10-30):
1631# According to a friend of mine who rode the Trans-Siberian Railroad from
1632# Moscow to Irkutsk in 1995, public air and rail transport in Russia ...
1633# still follows Moscow time, no matter where in Russia it is located.
1634#
1635# For Grozny, Chechnya, we have the following story from
1636# John Daniszewski, "Scavengers in the Rubble", Los Angeles Times (2001-02-07):
1637# News--often false--is spread by word of mouth. A rumor that it was
1638# time to move the clocks back put this whole city out of sync with
1639# the rest of Russia for two weeks--even soldiers stationed here began
1640# enforcing curfew at the wrong time.
1641#
1748# From Andrey A. Chernov <ache@nagual.ru> (1996-10-04):
1749# `MSK' and `MSD' were born and used initially on Moscow computers with
1750# Unix-like OSes by several developer groups (e.g. Demos group, Kiae group)....
1751# The next step was the UUCP network, the Relcom predecessor
1752# (used mainly for mail), and MSK/MSD was actively used there.
1753#
1754# From Chris Carrier <72157.3334@CompuServe.COM> (1996-10-30):
1755# According to a friend of mine who rode the Trans-Siberian Railroad from
1756# Moscow to Irkutsk in 1995, public air and rail transport in Russia ...
1757# still follows Moscow time, no matter where in Russia it is located.
1758#
1759# For Grozny, Chechnya, we have the following story from
1760# John Daniszewski, "Scavengers in the Rubble", Los Angeles Times (2001-02-07):
1761# News--often false--is spread by word of mouth. A rumor that it was
1762# time to move the clocks back put this whole city out of sync with
1763# the rest of Russia for two weeks--even soldiers stationed here began
1764# enforcing curfew at the wrong time.
1765#
1766# From Gwillim Law (2001-06-05):
1767# There's considerable evidence that Sakhalin Island used to be in
1768# UTC+11, and has changed to UTC+10, in this decade. I start with the
1769# SSIM, which listed Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk in zone RU10 along with Magadan
1770# until February 1997, and then in RU9 with Khabarovsk and Vladivostok
1771# since September 1997.... Although the Kuril Islands are
1772# administratively part of Sakhalin oblast', they appear to have
1773# remained on UTC+11 along with Magadan.
1774#
1642# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1775# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1643Zone Europe/Kaliningrad 1:22:00 - LMT 1893 Apr
1776#
1777# Kaliningradskaya oblast'.
1778Zone Europe/Kaliningrad 1:22:00 - LMT 1893 Apr
1644 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945
1645 2:00 Poland CE%sT 1946
1646 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
1647 2:00 Russia EE%sT
1779 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945
1780 2:00 Poland CE%sT 1946
1781 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
1782 2:00 Russia EE%sT
1783#
1784# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): [This region consists of]
1785# Respublika Adygeya, Arkhangel'skaya oblast', Astrakhanskaya oblast',
1786# Belgorodskaya oblast', Bryanskaya oblast', Vladimirskaya oblast',
1787# Volgogradskaya oblast', Vologodskaya oblast', Voronezhskaya oblast',
1788# Respublika Dagestan, Ivanovskaya oblast', Respublika Ingushetiya,
1789# Kabarbino-Balkarskaya Respublika, Respublika Kalmykiya,
1790# Kalyzhskaya oblast', Respublika Karachaevo-Cherkessiya,
1791# Respublika Kareliya, Kirovskaya oblast', Respublika Komi,
1792# Kostromskaya oblast', Krasnodarskij kraj, Kurskaya oblast',
1793# Leningradskaya oblast', Lipetskaya oblast', Respublika Marij El,
1794# Respublika Mordoviya, Moskva, Moskovskaya oblast',
1795# Murmanskaya oblast', Nenetskij avtonomnyj okrug,
1796# Nizhegorodskaya oblast', Novgorodskaya oblast', Orlovskaya oblast',
1797# Penzenskaya oblast', Pskovskaya oblast', Rostovskaya oblast',
1798# Ryazanskaya oblast', Sankt-Peterburg, Saratovskaya oblast',
1799# Respublika Severnaya Osetiya, Smolenskaya oblast',
1800# Stavropol'skij kraj, Tambovskaya oblast', Respublika Tatarstan,
1801# Tverskaya oblast', Tyl'skaya oblast', Ul'yanovskaya oblast',
1802# Chechenskaya Respublika, Chuvashskaya oblast',
1803# Yaroslavskaya oblast'
1648Zone Europe/Moscow 2:30:20 - LMT 1880
1649 2:30 - MMT 1916 Jul 3 # Moscow Mean Time
1650 2:30:48 Russia %s 1919 Jul 1 2:00
1651 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1922 Oct
1652 2:00 - EET 1930 Jun 21
1653 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
1654 2:00 Russia EE%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
1655 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD
1804Zone Europe/Moscow 2:30:20 - LMT 1880
1805 2:30 - MMT 1916 Jul 3 # Moscow Mean Time
1806 2:30:48 Russia %s 1919 Jul 1 2:00
1807 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1922 Oct
1808 2:00 - EET 1930 Jun 21
1809 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
1810 2:00 Russia EE%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
1811 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD
1812#
1813# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): [This region consists of]
1814# Samarskaya oblast', Udmyrtskaya respublika
1656Zone Europe/Samara 3:20:36 - LMT 1919 Jul 1 2:00
1657 3:00 - KUYT 1930 Jun 21 # Kuybyshev
1658 4:00 Russia KUY%sT 1989 Mar 26 2:00s
1659 3:00 Russia KUY%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
1660 2:00 Russia KUY%sT 1991 Sep 29 2:00s
1661 3:00 - KUYT 1991 Oct 20 3:00
1662 4:00 Russia SAM%sT # Samara Time
1815Zone Europe/Samara 3:20:36 - LMT 1919 Jul 1 2:00
1816 3:00 - KUYT 1930 Jun 21 # Kuybyshev
1817 4:00 Russia KUY%sT 1989 Mar 26 2:00s
1818 3:00 Russia KUY%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
1819 2:00 Russia KUY%sT 1991 Sep 29 2:00s
1820 3:00 - KUYT 1991 Oct 20 3:00
1821 4:00 Russia SAM%sT # Samara Time
1822#
1823# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): [This region consists of]
1824# Respublika Bashkortostan, Komi-Permyatskij avtonomnyj okrug,
1825# Kurganskaya oblast', Orenburgskaya oblast', Permskaya oblast',
1826# Sverdlovskaya oblast', Tyumenskaya oblast',
1827# Khanty-Manskijskij avtonomnyj okrug, Chelyabinskaya oblast',
1828# Yamalo-Nenetskij avtonomnyj okrug.
1663Zone Asia/Yekaterinburg 4:02:24 - LMT 1919 Jul 15 4:00
1664 4:00 - SVET 1930 Jun 21 # Sverdlovsk Time
1665 5:00 Russia SVE%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
1666 4:00 Russia SVE%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
1667 5:00 Russia YEK%sT # Yekaterinburg Time
1829Zone Asia/Yekaterinburg 4:02:24 - LMT 1919 Jul 15 4:00
1830 4:00 - SVET 1930 Jun 21 # Sverdlovsk Time
1831 5:00 Russia SVE%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
1832 4:00 Russia SVE%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
1833 5:00 Russia YEK%sT # Yekaterinburg Time
1834#
1835# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): [This region consists of]
1836# Respublika Altaj, Altajskij kraj, Omskaya oblast'.
1668Zone Asia/Omsk 4:53:36 - LMT 1919 Nov 14
1669 5:00 - OMST 1930 Jun 21 # Omsk TIme
1670 6:00 Russia OMS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
1671 5:00 Russia OMS%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
1672 6:00 Russia OMS%sT
1837Zone Asia/Omsk 4:53:36 - LMT 1919 Nov 14
1838 5:00 - OMST 1930 Jun 21 # Omsk TIme
1839 6:00 Russia OMS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
1840 5:00 Russia OMS%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
1841 6:00 Russia OMS%sT
1673# From Stanislaw A. Kuzikowski <S.A.Kuz@iae.nsk.su> (1994-06-29):
1674# But now it is some months since Novosibirsk is 3 hours ahead of Moscow!
1675# I do not know why they have decided to make this change;
1676# as far as I remember it was done exactly during winter->summer switching
1677# so we (Novosibirsk) simply did not switch.
1842#
1843# Novosibirskaya oblast'.
1678Zone Asia/Novosibirsk 5:31:40 - LMT 1919 Dec 14 6:00
1679 6:00 - NOVT 1930 Jun 21 # Novosibirsk Time
1680 7:00 Russia NOV%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
1681 6:00 Russia NOV%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
1682 7:00 Russia NOV%sT 1993 May 23 # says Shanks
1683 6:00 Russia NOV%sT
1844Zone Asia/Novosibirsk 5:31:40 - LMT 1919 Dec 14 6:00
1845 6:00 - NOVT 1930 Jun 21 # Novosibirsk Time
1846 7:00 Russia NOV%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
1847 6:00 Russia NOV%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
1848 7:00 Russia NOV%sT 1993 May 23 # says Shanks
1849 6:00 Russia NOV%sT
1850#
1851# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): [This region consists of]
1852# Kemerovskaya oblast', Krasnoyarskij kraj,
1853# Tajmyrskij (Dolgano-Nenetskij) avtonomnyj okrug, Tomskaya oblast',
1854# Respublika Tuva, Respublika Khakasiya, Evenkijskij avtonomnyj okrug.
1684Zone Asia/Krasnoyarsk 6:11:20 - LMT 1920 Jan 6
1685 6:00 - KRAT 1930 Jun 21 # Krasnoyarsk Time
1686 7:00 Russia KRA%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
1687 6:00 Russia KRA%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
1688 7:00 Russia KRA%sT
1855Zone Asia/Krasnoyarsk 6:11:20 - LMT 1920 Jan 6
1856 6:00 - KRAT 1930 Jun 21 # Krasnoyarsk Time
1857 7:00 Russia KRA%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
1858 6:00 Russia KRA%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
1859 7:00 Russia KRA%sT
1860#
1861# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): [This region consists of]
1862# Respublika Buryatiya, Irkutskaya oblast',
1863# Ust'-Ordynskij Buryatskij avtonomnyj okrug.
1689Zone Asia/Irkutsk 6:57:20 - LMT 1880
1690 6:57:20 - IMT 1920 Jan 25 # Irkutsk Mean Time
1691 7:00 - IRKT 1930 Jun 21 # Irkutsk Time
1692 8:00 Russia IRK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
1693 7:00 Russia IRK%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
1694 8:00 Russia IRK%sT
1864Zone Asia/Irkutsk 6:57:20 - LMT 1880
1865 6:57:20 - IMT 1920 Jan 25 # Irkutsk Mean Time
1866 7:00 - IRKT 1930 Jun 21 # Irkutsk Time
1867 8:00 Russia IRK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
1868 7:00 Russia IRK%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
1869 8:00 Russia IRK%sT
1870#
1871# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): [This region consists of]
1872# Aginskij Buryatskij avtonomnyj okrug, Amurskaya oblast',
1873# [parts of] Respublika Sakha (Yakutiya), Chitinskaya oblast'.
1874#
1875# From Alan Pritchard (2001-08-24): [The Sakha districts are:]
1876# Aldansky, Amginsky, Anabarsky, Bulunsky, Churapchinsky,
1877# Eveno-Bytantaisky, Gorny, Khangalassky, Kobyaisky, Lensky,
1878# Megino-Kangalassky, Mirninsky, Namsky, Nyurbinsky, Olenyoksky,
1879# Olyokminsky, Srednekolymsky, Suntarsky, Tattinsky, Ust-Aldansky,
1880# Verkhnekolymsky, Verkhnevilyuisky, Vilyuisky, Zhigansky.
1695Zone Asia/Yakutsk 8:38:40 - LMT 1919 Dec 15
1696 8:00 - YAKT 1930 Jun 21 # Yakutsk Time
1697 9:00 Russia YAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
1698 8:00 Russia YAK%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
1699 9:00 Russia YAK%sT
1881Zone Asia/Yakutsk 8:38:40 - LMT 1919 Dec 15
1882 8:00 - YAKT 1930 Jun 21 # Yakutsk Time
1883 9:00 Russia YAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
1884 8:00 Russia YAK%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
1885 9:00 Russia YAK%sT
1886#
1887# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): [This region consists of]
1888# Evrejskaya avtonomnaya oblast', Khabarovskij kraj, Primorskij kraj,
1889# [parts of] Respublika Sakha (Yakutiya).
1890#
1891# From Alan Pritchard (2001-08-24): [The Sakha districts are:]
1892# Tomponsky, Ust-Maisky, Ust-Yansky, Verkhoyansky.
1700Zone Asia/Vladivostok 8:47:44 - LMT 1922 Nov 15
1701 9:00 - VLAT 1930 Jun 21 # Vladivostok Time
1702 10:00 Russia VLA%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
1703 9:00 Russia VLA%sST 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
1704 10:00 Russia VLA%sT
1893Zone Asia/Vladivostok 8:47:44 - LMT 1922 Nov 15
1894 9:00 - VLAT 1930 Jun 21 # Vladivostok Time
1895 10:00 Russia VLA%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
1896 9:00 Russia VLA%sST 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
1897 10:00 Russia VLA%sT
1898#
1899# Sakhalinskaya oblast'.
1900# The Zone name should be Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, but that's too long.
1901Zone Asia/Sakhalin 9:30:48 - LMT 1905 Aug 23
1902 9:00 - CJT 1938
1903 9:00 - JST 1945 Aug 25
1904 11:00 Russia SAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s # Sakhalin T.
1905 10:00 Russia SAK%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
1906 11:00 Russia SAK%sT 1997 Mar lastSun 2:00s
1907 10:00 Russia SAK%sT
1908#
1909# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): [This region consists of]
1910# Magadanskaya oblast', Respublika Sakha (Yakutiya).
1911#
1912# From Alan Pritchard (2001-08-24): [The Sakha districts are:]
1913# Abyisky, Allaikhovsky, Momsky, Nizhnekolymsky, Oimyakonsky.
1705Zone Asia/Magadan 10:03:12 - LMT 1924 May 2
1706 10:00 - MAGT 1930 Jun 21 # Magadan Time
1707 11:00 Russia MAG%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
1708 10:00 Russia MAG%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
1709 11:00 Russia MAG%sT
1914Zone Asia/Magadan 10:03:12 - LMT 1924 May 2
1915 10:00 - MAGT 1930 Jun 21 # Magadan Time
1916 11:00 Russia MAG%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
1917 10:00 Russia MAG%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
1918 11:00 Russia MAG%sT
1710# This name should be Asia/Petropavlovsk-Kamchatski, but that's too long.
1919#
1920# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): [This region consists of]
1921# Kamchatskaya oblast', Koryakskij avtonomnyj okrug.
1922#
1923# The Zone name should be Asia/Petropavlovsk-Kamchatski, but that's too long.
1711Zone Asia/Kamchatka 10:34:36 - LMT 1922 Nov 10
1712 11:00 - PETT 1930 Jun 21 # P-K Time
1713 12:00 Russia PET%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
1714 11:00 Russia PET%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
1715 12:00 Russia PET%sT
1924Zone Asia/Kamchatka 10:34:36 - LMT 1922 Nov 10
1925 11:00 - PETT 1930 Jun 21 # P-K Time
1926 12:00 Russia PET%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
1927 11:00 Russia PET%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
1928 12:00 Russia PET%sT
1929#
1930# Chukotskij avtonomnyj okrug
1716Zone Asia/Anadyr 11:49:56 - LMT 1924 May 2
1717 12:00 - ANAT 1930 Jun 21 # Anadyr Time
1718 13:00 Russia ANA%sT 1982 Apr 1 0:00s
1719 12:00 Russia ANA%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
1720 11:00 Russia ANA%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
1721 12:00 Russia ANA%sT
1722
1723# Slovakia

--- 68 unchanged lines hidden (view full) ---

1792 -1:00 - CANT 1946 Sep 30 1:00 # Canaries Time
1793 0:00 - WET 1980 Apr 6 0:00s
1794 0:00 1:00 WEST 1980 Sep 28 0:00s
1795 0:00 EU WE%sT
1796# IATA SSIM (1996-09) says the Canaries switch at 2:00u, not 1:00u.
1797# Ignore this for now, as the Canaries are part of the EU.
1798
1799# Sweden
1931Zone Asia/Anadyr 11:49:56 - LMT 1924 May 2
1932 12:00 - ANAT 1930 Jun 21 # Anadyr Time
1933 13:00 Russia ANA%sT 1982 Apr 1 0:00s
1934 12:00 Russia ANA%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
1935 11:00 Russia ANA%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
1936 12:00 Russia ANA%sT
1937
1938# Slovakia

--- 68 unchanged lines hidden (view full) ---

2007 -1:00 - CANT 1946 Sep 30 1:00 # Canaries Time
2008 0:00 - WET 1980 Apr 6 0:00s
2009 0:00 1:00 WEST 1980 Sep 28 0:00s
2010 0:00 EU WE%sT
2011# IATA SSIM (1996-09) says the Canaries switch at 2:00u, not 1:00u.
2012# Ignore this for now, as the Canaries are part of the EU.
2013
2014# Sweden
2015
2016# From Ivan Nilsson (2001-04-13), superseding Shanks:
2017#
2018# The law "Svensk forfattningssamling 1878, no 14" about standard time in 1879:
2019# From the beginning of 1879 (that is 01-01 00:00) the time for all
2020# places in the country is "the mean solar time for the meridian at
2021# three degrees, or twelve minutes of time, to the west of the
2022# meridian of the Observatory of Stockholm". The law is dated 1878-05-31.
2023#
2024# The observatory at that time had the meridian 18 degrees 03' 30"
2025# eastern longitude = 01:12:14 in time. Less 12 minutes gives the
2026# national standard time as 01:00:14 ahead of GMT....
2027#
2028# About the beginning of CET in Sweden. The lawtext ("Svensk
2029# forfattningssamling 1899, no 44") states, that "from the beginning
2030# of 1900... ... the same as the mean solar time for the meridian at
2031# the distance of one hour of time from the meridian of the English
2032# observatory at Greenwich, or at 12 minutes 14 seconds to the west
2033# from the meridian of the Observatory of Stockholm". The law is dated
2034# 1899-06-16. In short: At 1900-01-01 00:00:00 the new standard time
2035# in Sweden is 01:00:00 ahead of GMT.
2036#
2037# 1916: The lawtext ("Svensk forfattningssamling 1916, no 124") states
2038# that "1916-05-15 is considered to begin one hour earlier". It is
2039# pretty obvious that at 05-14 23:00 the clocks are set to 05-15 00:00....
2040# Further the law says, that "1916-09-30 is considered to end one hour later".
2041#
2042# The laws regulating [DST] are available on the site of the Swedish
2043# Parliament beginning with 1985 - the laws regulating 1980/1984 are
2044# not available on the site (to my knowledge they are only available
2045# in Swedish): <http://www.riksdagen.se/english/work/sfst.asp> (type
2046# "sommartid" without the quotes in the field "Fritext" and then click
2047# the Sok-button).
2048#
2049# (2001-05-13):
2050#
2051# I have now found a newspaper stating that at 1916-10-01 01:00
2052# summertime the church-clocks etc were set back one hour to show
2053# 1916-10-01 00:00 standard time. The article also reports that some
2054# people thought the switch to standard time would take place already
2055# at 1916-10-01 00:00 summer time, but they had to wait for another
2056# hour before the event took place.
2057#
2058# Source: The newspaper "Dagens Nyheter", 1916-10-01, page 7 upper left.
2059
1800# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2060# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1801Zone Europe/Stockholm 1:12:12 - LMT 1878 May 31
1802 1:12:12 - SMT 1900 Jan 1 1:00 # Stockholm MT
1803 1:00 - CET 1916 Apr 14 23:00s
1804 1:00 1:00 CEST 1916 Sep 30 23:00s
2061Zone Europe/Stockholm 1:12:12 - LMT 1879 Jan 1
2062 1:00:14 - SET 1900 Jan 1 # Swedish Time
2063 1:00 - CET 1916 May 14 23:00
2064 1:00 1:00 CEST 1916 Oct 1 01:00
1805 1:00 - CET 1980
1806 1:00 EU CE%sT
1807
1808# Switzerland
1809# From Howse:
1810# By the end of the 18th century clocks and watches became commonplace
1811# and their performance improved enormously. Communities began to keep
1812# mean time in preference to apparent time -- Geneva from 1780 ....

--- 226 unchanged lines hidden --- 		2065 1:00 - CET 1980
2066 1:00 EU CE%sT
2067
2068# Switzerland
2069# From Howse:
2070# By the end of the 18th century clocks and watches became commonplace
2071# and their performance improved enormously. Communities began to keep
2072# mean time in preference to apparent time -- Geneva from 1780 ....

--- 226 unchanged lines hidden ---