| australasia (76190) | australasia (86222) |
|---|---|
| 1# @(#)australasia 7.64 | 1# @(#)australasia 7.65 |
| 2# This file also includes Pacific islands. | 2# This file also includes Pacific islands. |
| 3# $FreeBSD: head/share/zoneinfo/australasia 76190 2001-05-01 14:10:12Z schweikh $ | 3# $FreeBSD: head/share/zoneinfo/australasia 86222 2001-11-09 19:17:59Z wollman $ |
| 4# Notes are at the end of this file 5 6############################################################################### 7 8# Australia 9 | 4# Notes are at the end of this file 5 6############################################################################### 7 8# Australia 9 |
| 10# Please see the notes below for the controversy about "EST" versus "AEST" etc. 11 |
|
| 10# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 11Rule Aus 1917 only - Jan 1 0:01 1:00 - 12Rule Aus 1917 only - Mar 25 2:00 0 - 13Rule Aus 1942 only - Jan 1 2:00 1:00 - 14Rule Aus 1942 only - Mar 29 2:00 0 - 15Rule Aus 1942 only - Sep 27 2:00 1:00 - 16Rule Aus 1943 1944 - Mar lastSun 2:00 0 - 17Rule Aus 1943 only - Oct 3 2:00 1:00 - --- 336 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 354# Palau (Belau) 355# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 356Zone Pacific/Palau 8:57:56 - LMT 1901 # Koror 357 9:00 - PWT # Palau Time 358 359# Papua New Guinea 360# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 361Zone Pacific/Port_Moresby 9:48:40 - LMT 1880 | 12# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 13Rule Aus 1917 only - Jan 1 0:01 1:00 - 14Rule Aus 1917 only - Mar 25 2:00 0 - 15Rule Aus 1942 only - Jan 1 2:00 1:00 - 16Rule Aus 1942 only - Mar 29 2:00 0 - 17Rule Aus 1942 only - Sep 27 2:00 1:00 - 18Rule Aus 1943 1944 - Mar lastSun 2:00 0 - 19Rule Aus 1943 only - Oct 3 2:00 1:00 - --- 336 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 356# Palau (Belau) 357# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 358Zone Pacific/Palau 8:57:56 - LMT 1901 # Koror 359 9:00 - PWT # Palau Time 360 361# Papua New Guinea 362# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 363Zone Pacific/Port_Moresby 9:48:40 - LMT 1880 |
| 362 9:48:40 - PMMT 1895 # Port Moresby Mean Time | 364 9:48:32 - PMMT 1895 # Port Moresby Mean Time |
| 363 10:00 - PGT # Papua New Guinea Time 364 365# Pitcairn 366# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 367Zone Pacific/Pitcairn -8:40:20 - LMT 1901 # Adamstown 368 -8:30 - PNT 1998 Apr 27 00:00 369 -8:00 - PST # Pitcairn Standard Time 370 --- 23 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 394 -10:00 - TKT # Tokelau Time 395 396# Tonga 397# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 398Rule Tonga 1999 only - Oct 7 2:00s 1:00 S 399Rule Tonga 2000 only - Mar 19 2:00s 0 - 400Rule Tonga 2000 only - Nov 4 2:00s 1:00 S 401Rule Tonga 2001 only - Jan 27 2:00s 0 - | 365 10:00 - PGT # Papua New Guinea Time 366 367# Pitcairn 368# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 369Zone Pacific/Pitcairn -8:40:20 - LMT 1901 # Adamstown 370 -8:30 - PNT 1998 Apr 27 00:00 371 -8:00 - PST # Pitcairn Standard Time 372 --- 23 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 396 -10:00 - TKT # Tokelau Time 397 398# Tonga 399# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 400Rule Tonga 1999 only - Oct 7 2:00s 1:00 S 401Rule Tonga 2000 only - Mar 19 2:00s 0 - 402Rule Tonga 2000 only - Nov 4 2:00s 1:00 S 403Rule Tonga 2001 only - Jan 27 2:00s 0 - |
| 404Rule Tonga 2001 only - Nov 25 2:00s 1:00 S 405Rule Tonga 2002 only - Mar 3 2:00s 0 - |
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| 402# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 403Zone Pacific/Tongatapu 12:19:20 - LMT 1901 404 12:20 - TOT 1941 # Tonga Time 405 13:00 - TOT 1999 406 13:00 Tonga TO%sT 407 408# Tuvalu 409# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] --- 58 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 468# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to 469# tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future). 470 471# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1999-10-29): 472# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is 473# Thomas G. Shanks, The International Atlas (5th edition), 474# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1999). 475# | 406# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 407Zone Pacific/Tongatapu 12:19:20 - LMT 1901 408 12:20 - TOT 1941 # Tonga Time 409 13:00 - TOT 1999 410 13:00 Tonga TO%sT 411 412# Tuvalu 413# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] --- 58 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 472# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to 473# tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future). 474 475# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1999-10-29): 476# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is 477# Thomas G. Shanks, The International Atlas (5th edition), 478# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1999). 479# |
| 476# Gwillim Law <Gwil_Law@bridge-point.com> writes that a good source | 480# Gwillim Law writes that a good source |
| 477# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport 478# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM), 479# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries 480# of the IATA's data after 1990. 481# 482# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks is the source for entries through 1990, 483# and IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990. 484# --- 45 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 530# Announcers on the Commonwealth radio network, the ABC (for Australian 531# Broadcasting Commission), use the phrases `Eastern Standard Time' 532# or `Eastern Summer Time'. (Note, though, that as I say in the 533# current australasia file, there is really no such thing.) Announcers 534# on its overseas service, Radio Australia, use the same phrases 535# prefixed by the word `Australian' when referring to local times; 536# time announcements on that service, naturally enough, are made in UTC. 537 | 481# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport 482# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM), 483# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries 484# of the IATA's data after 1990. 485# 486# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks is the source for entries through 1990, 487# and IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990. 488# --- 45 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 534# Announcers on the Commonwealth radio network, the ABC (for Australian 535# Broadcasting Commission), use the phrases `Eastern Standard Time' 536# or `Eastern Summer Time'. (Note, though, that as I say in the 537# current australasia file, there is really no such thing.) Announcers 538# on its overseas service, Radio Australia, use the same phrases 539# prefixed by the word `Australian' when referring to local times; 540# time announcements on that service, naturally enough, are made in UTC. 541 |
| 538# From Arthur David Olson (March 8 1992): | 542# From Arthur David Olson (1992-03-08): |
| 539# Given the above, what's chosen for year-round use is: 540# CST for any place operating at a GMTOFF of 9:30 541# WST for any place operating at a GMTOFF of 8:00 542# EST for any place operating at a GMTOFF of 10:00 543 | 543# Given the above, what's chosen for year-round use is: 544# CST for any place operating at a GMTOFF of 9:30 545# WST for any place operating at a GMTOFF of 8:00 546# EST for any place operating at a GMTOFF of 10:00 547 |
| 548# From Paul Eggert (2001-04-05), summarizing a long discussion about "EST" 549# versus "AEST" etc.: 550# 551# I see the following points of dispute: 552# 553# * How important are unique time zone abbreviations? 554# 555# Here I tend to agree with the point (most recently made by Chris 556# Newman) that unique abbreviations should not be essential for proper 557# operation of software. We have other instances of ambiguity 558# (e.g. "IST" denoting both "Israel Standard Time" and "Indian 559# Standard Time"), and they are not likely to go away any time soon. 560# In the old days, some software mistakenly relied on unique 561# abbreviations, but this is becoming less true with time, and I don't 562# think it's that important to cater to such software these days. 563# 564# On the other hand, there is another motivation for unambiguous 565# abbreviations: it cuts down on human confusion. This is 566# particularly true for Australia, where "EST" can mean one thing for 567# time T and a different thing for time T plus 1 second. 568# 569# * Does the relevant legislation indicate which abbreviations should be used? 570# 571# Here I tend to think that things are a mess, just as they are in 572# many other countries. We Americans are currently disagreeing about 573# which abbreviation to use for the newly legislated Chamorro Standard 574# Time, for example. 575# 576# Personally, I would prefer to use common practice; I would like to 577# refer to legislation only for examples of common practice, or as a 578# tiebreaker. 579# 580# * Do Australians more often use "Eastern Daylight Time" or "Eastern 581# Summer Time"? Do they typically prefix the time zone names with 582# the word "Australian"? 583# 584# My own impression is that both "Daylight Time" and "Summer Time" are 585# common and are widely understood, but that "Summer Time" is more 586# popular; and that the leading "A" is also common but is omitted more 587# often than not. I just used AltaVista advanced search and got the 588# following count of page hits: 589# 590# 1,103 "Eastern Summer Time" AND domain:au 591# 971 "Australian Eastern Summer Time" AND domain:au 592# 613 "Eastern Daylight Time" AND domain:au 593# 127 "Australian Eastern Daylight Time" AND domain:au 594# 595# Here "Summer" seems quite a bit more popular than "Daylight", 596# particularly when we know the time zone is Australian and not US, 597# say. The "Australian" prefix seems to be popular for Eastern Summer 598# Time, but unpopular for Eastern Daylight Time. 599# 600# For abbreviations, tools like AltaVista are less useful because of 601# ambiguity. Many hits are not really time zones, unfortunately, and 602# many hits denote US time zones and not Australian ones. But here 603# are the hit counts anyway: 604# 605# 161,304 "EST" and domain:au 606# 25,156 "EDT" and domain:au 607# 18,263 "AEST" and domain:au 608# 10,416 "AEDT" and domain:au 609# 610# 14,538 "CST" and domain:au 611# 5,728 "CDT" and domain:au 612# 176 "ACST" and domain:au 613# 29 "ACDT" and domain:au 614# 615# 7,539 "WST" and domain:au 616# 68 "AWST" and domain:au 617# 618# This data suggest that Australians tend to omit the "A" prefix in 619# practice. The situation for "ST" versus "DT" is less clear, given 620# the ambiguities involved. 621# 622# * How do Australians feel about the abbreviations in the tz database? 623# 624# If you just count Australians on this list, I count 2 in favor and 3 625# against. One of the "against" votes (David Keegel) counseled delay, 626# saying that both AEST/AEDT and EST/EST are widely used and 627# understood in Australia. 628 |
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| 544# From Paul Eggert (1995-12-19): 545# Shanks reports 2:00 for all autumn changes in Australia and New Zealand. 546# Mark Prior <mrp@itd.adelaide.edu.au> writes that his newspaper 547# reports that NSW's fall 1995 change will occur at 2:00, 548# but Robert Elz says it's been 3:00 in Victoria since 1970 549# and perhaps the newspaper's `2:00' is referring to standard time. 550# For now we'll continue to assume 2:00s for changes since 1960. 551 --- 199 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 751 752# Victoria 753 754# The rules for 1971 through 1991 were reported by George Shepherd 755# via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06): 756# # The state of VICTORIA.. [ Courtesy of Vic. Dept of Premier + Cabinet ] 757# # [ Nov 1990 ] 758 | 629# From Paul Eggert (1995-12-19): 630# Shanks reports 2:00 for all autumn changes in Australia and New Zealand. 631# Mark Prior <mrp@itd.adelaide.edu.au> writes that his newspaper 632# reports that NSW's fall 1995 change will occur at 2:00, 633# but Robert Elz says it's been 3:00 in Victoria since 1970 634# and perhaps the newspaper's `2:00' is referring to standard time. 635# For now we'll continue to assume 2:00s for changes since 1960. 636 --- 199 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 836 837# Victoria 838 839# The rules for 1971 through 1991 were reported by George Shepherd 840# via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06): 841# # The state of VICTORIA.. [ Courtesy of Vic. Dept of Premier + Cabinet ] 842# # [ Nov 1990 ] 843 |
| 844# From Scott Harrington (2001-08-29): 845# On KQED's "City Arts and Lectures" program last night I heard an 846# interesting story about daylight savings time. Dr. John Heilbron was 847# discussing his book "The Sun in the Church: Cathedrals as Solar 848# Observatories"[1], and in particular the Shrine of Remembrance[2] located 849# in Melbourne, Australia. 850# 851# Apparently the shrine's main purpose is a beam of sunlight which 852# illuminates a special spot on the floor at the 11th hour of the 11th day 853# of the 11th month (Remembrance Day) every year in memory of Australia's 854# fallen WWI soldiers. And if you go there on Nov. 11, at 11am local time, 855# you will indeed see the sunbeam illuminate the special spot at the 856# expected time. 857# 858# However, that is only because of some special mirror contraption that had 859# to be employed, since due to daylight savings time, the true solar time of 860# the remembrance moment occurs one hour later (or earlier?). Perhaps 861# someone with more information on this jury-rig can tell us more. 862# 863# [1] http://www.hup.harvard.edu/catalog/HEISUN.html 864# [2] http://www.shrine.org.au 865 |
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| 759# New South Wales 760 761# From Arthur David Olson: 762# New South Wales and subjurisdictions have their own ideas of a fun time. 763# Based on law library research by John Mackin (john@basser.cs.su.oz), 764# who notes: 765# In Australia, time is not legislated federally, but rather by the 766# individual states. Thus, while such terms as ``Eastern Standard Time'' --- 348 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 1115# instead of the original reported date April 16. Unfortunately, the article 1116# is no longer available on the site, and I did not make a copy of the 1117# text, and I have forgotten to report it here. 1118# (Original URL was: http://www.tongaonline.com/news/march162000.htm ) 1119 1120# From Rives McDow (2000-12-01): 1121# Tonga is observing DST as of 2000-11-04 and will stop on 2001-01-27. 1122 | 866# New South Wales 867 868# From Arthur David Olson: 869# New South Wales and subjurisdictions have their own ideas of a fun time. 870# Based on law library research by John Mackin (john@basser.cs.su.oz), 871# who notes: 872# In Australia, time is not legislated federally, but rather by the 873# individual states. Thus, while such terms as ``Eastern Standard Time'' --- 348 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 1222# instead of the original reported date April 16. Unfortunately, the article 1223# is no longer available on the site, and I did not make a copy of the 1224# text, and I have forgotten to report it here. 1225# (Original URL was: http://www.tongaonline.com/news/march162000.htm ) 1226 1227# From Rives McDow (2000-12-01): 1228# Tonga is observing DST as of 2000-11-04 and will stop on 2001-01-27. 1229 |
| 1230# From Rives McDow (2001-07-17): 1231# The Kingdom of Tonga will move to DST at 0200 local time on Sunday, 1232# November 25, 2001 and revert back to standard time at 0300 local 1233# time on Sunday, March 3, 2002. 1234 1235 |
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| 1123############################################################################### 1124 1125# The International Date Line 1126 1127# From Gwillim Law (2000-01-03): 1128# 1129# The International Date Line is not defined by any international standard, 1130# convention, or treaty. Mapmakers are free to draw it as they please. --- 18 unchanged lines hidden --- | 1236############################################################################### 1237 1238# The International Date Line 1239 1240# From Gwillim Law (2000-01-03): 1241# 1242# The International Date Line is not defined by any international standard, 1243# convention, or treaty. Mapmakers are free to draw it as they please. --- 18 unchanged lines hidden --- |