1# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of 2# 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson. 3
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4# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
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4# This file is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better, |
5# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
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6# tz@iana.org for general use in the future).
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6# tz@iana.org for general use in the future). For more, please see 7# the file CONTRIBUTING in the tz distribution. |
8 9# From Paul Eggert (2013-08-11): 10# 11# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is 12# Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition), 13# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003). 14# 15# Gwillim Law writes that a good source 16# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport 17# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM), 18# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries 19# of the IATA's data after 1990. 20# 21# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks & Pottenger is the source for 22# entries through 1990, and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards. 23# 24# Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences, 25# Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which 26# I found in the UCLA library. 27# 28# For data circa 1899, a common source is:
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28# Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94
29# <http://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359>.
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29# Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94. 30# http://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359 |
31#
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32# For Russian data circa 1919, a source is: 33# Byalokoz EL. New Counting of Time in Russia since July 1, 1919. 34# (See the 'europe' file for a fuller citation.) 35# |
36# A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is 37# Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997). 38# 39# I invented the abbreviations marked '*' in the following table; 40# the rest are from earlier versions of this file, or from other sources. 41# Corrections are welcome! 42# std dst 43# LMT Local Mean Time 44# 2:00 EET EEST Eastern European Time 45# 2:00 IST IDT Israel 46# 3:00 AST ADT Arabia* 47# 3:30 IRST IRDT Iran 48# 4:00 GST Gulf* 49# 5:30 IST India
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45# 7:00 ICT Indochina*
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50# 7:00 ICT Indochina, most times and locations* |
51# 7:00 WIB west Indonesia (Waktu Indonesia Barat) 52# 8:00 WITA central Indonesia (Waktu Indonesia Tengah) 53# 8:00 CST China
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54# 8:00 IDT Indochina, 1943-45, 1947-55, 1960-75 (some locations)* |
55# 8:00 JWST Western Standard Time (Japan, 1896/1937)* 56# 9:00 JCST Central Standard Time (Japan, 1896/1937) 57# 9:00 WIT east Indonesia (Waktu Indonesia Timur) 58# 9:00 JST JDT Japan 59# 9:00 KST KDT Korea 60# 9:30 ACST Australian Central Standard Time 61# 62# See the 'europe' file for Russia and Turkey in Asia. 63 64# From Guy Harris: 65# Incorporates data for Singapore from Robert Elz' asia 1.1, as well as 66# additional information from Tom Yap, Sun Microsystems Intercontinental 67# Technical Support (including a page from the Official Airline Guide - 68# Worldwide Edition). The names for time zones are guesses. 69 70############################################################################### 71 72# These rules are stolen from the 'europe' file. 73# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 74Rule EUAsia 1981 max - Mar lastSun 1:00u 1:00 S 75Rule EUAsia 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 1:00u 0 - 76Rule EUAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u 0 - 77Rule E-EurAsia 1981 max - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 78Rule E-EurAsia 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 79Rule E-EurAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 - 80Rule RussiaAsia 1981 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 81Rule RussiaAsia 1981 1983 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 82Rule RussiaAsia 1984 1991 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - 83Rule RussiaAsia 1985 1991 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S 84Rule RussiaAsia 1992 only - Mar lastSat 23:00 1:00 S 85Rule RussiaAsia 1992 only - Sep lastSat 23:00 0 - 86Rule RussiaAsia 1993 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S 87Rule RussiaAsia 1993 1995 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - 88Rule RussiaAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 - 89 90# Afghanistan 91# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 92Zone Asia/Kabul 4:36:48 - LMT 1890 93 4:00 - AFT 1945 94 4:30 - AFT 95 96# Armenia 97# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 98# Shanks & Pottenger have Yerevan switching to 3:00 (with Russian DST) 99# in spring 1991, then to 4:00 with no DST in fall 1995, then 100# readopting Russian DST in 1997. Go with Shanks & Pottenger, even 101# when they disagree with others. Edgar Der-Danieliantz 102# reported (1996-05-04) that Yerevan probably wouldn't use DST 103# in 1996, though it did use DST in 1995. IATA SSIM (1991/1998) reports that 104# Armenia switched from 3:00 to 4:00 in 1998 and observed DST after 1991, 105# but started switching at 3:00s in 1998. 106 107# From Arthur David Olson (2011-06-15): 108# While Russia abandoned DST in 2011, Armenia may choose to 109# follow Russia's "old" rules. 110 111# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2012-02-10): 112# According to News Armenia, on Feb 9, 2012, 113# http://newsarmenia.ru/society/20120209/42609695.html 114# 115# The Armenia National Assembly adopted final reading of Amendments to the 116# Law "On procedure of calculation time on the territory of the Republic of 117# Armenia" according to which Armenia [is] abolishing Daylight Saving Time. 118# or 119# (brief) 120# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_armenia03.html 121# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 122Zone Asia/Yerevan 2:58:00 - LMT 1924 May 2 123 3:00 - YERT 1957 Mar # Yerevan Time
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118 4:00 RussiaAsia YER%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
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124 4:00 RussiaAsia YER%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s |
125 3:00 1:00 YERST 1991 Sep 23 # independence
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120 3:00 RussiaAsia AM%sT 1995 Sep 24 2:00s
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126 3:00 RussiaAsia AM%sT 1995 Sep 24 2:00s |
127 4:00 - AMT 1997
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122 4:00 RussiaAsia AM%sT 2012 Mar 25 2:00s
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128 4:00 RussiaAsia AM%sT 2012 Mar 25 2:00s |
129 4:00 - AMT 130 131# Azerbaijan 132# From Rustam Aliyev of the Azerbaijan Internet Forum (2005-10-23): 133# According to the resolution of Cabinet of Ministers, 1997 134# Resolution available at: http://aif.az/docs/daylight_res.pdf 135# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 136Rule Azer 1997 max - Mar lastSun 4:00 1:00 S 137Rule Azer 1997 max - Oct lastSun 5:00 0 - 138# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 139Zone Asia/Baku 3:19:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 140 3:00 - BAKT 1957 Mar # Baku Time
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135 4:00 RussiaAsia BAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
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141 4:00 RussiaAsia BAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s |
142 3:00 1:00 BAKST 1991 Aug 30 # independence 143 3:00 RussiaAsia AZ%sT 1992 Sep lastSat 23:00
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138 4:00 - AZT 1996 # Azerbaijan time
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144 4:00 - AZT 1996 # Azerbaijan Time |
145 4:00 EUAsia AZ%sT 1997 146 4:00 Azer AZ%sT 147 148# Bahrain 149# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
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144Zone Asia/Bahrain 3:22:20 - LMT 1920 # Manamah
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150Zone Asia/Bahrain 3:22:20 - LMT 1920 # Manamah |
151 4:00 - GST 1972 Jun 152 3:00 - AST 153 154# Bangladesh 155# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-05-13): 156# According to newspaper Asian Tribune (May 6, 2009) Bangladesh may introduce 157# Daylight Saving Time from June 16 to Sept 30 158# 159# Bangladesh to introduce daylight saving time likely from June 16 160# http://www.asiantribune.com/?q=node/17288 161# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh02.html 162# 163# "... Bangladesh government has decided to switch daylight saving time from 164# June 165# 16 till September 30 in a bid to ensure maximum use of daylight to cope with 166# crippling power crisis. " 167# 168# The switch will remain in effect from June 16 to Sept 30 (2009) but if 169# implemented the next year, it will come in force from April 1, 2010 170 171# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-06-02): 172# They have finally decided now, but changed the start date to midnight between 173# the 19th and 20th, and they have not set the end date yet. 174# 175# Some sources: 176# http://in.reuters.com/article/southAsiaNews/idINIndia-40017620090601 177# http://bdnews24.com/details.php?id=85889&cid=2 178# 179# Our wrap-up: 180# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/bangladesh-daylight-saving-2009.html 181 182# From A. N. M. Kamrus Saadat (2009-06-15): 183# Finally we've got the official mail regarding DST start time where DST start 184# time is mentioned as Jun 19 2009, 23:00 from BTRC (Bangladesh 185# Telecommunication Regulatory Commission). 186# 187# No DST end date has been announced yet. 188 189# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-09-25): 190# Bangladesh won't go back to Standard Time from October 1, 2009, 191# instead it will continue DST measure till the cabinet makes a fresh decision. 192# 193# Following report by same newspaper-"The Daily Star Friday": 194# "DST change awaits cabinet decision-Clock won't go back by 1-hr from Oct 1" 195# http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=107021 196# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh04.html 197 198# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-10-13): 199# IANS (Indo-Asian News Service) now reports: 200# Bangladesh has decided that the clock advanced by an hour to make 201# maximum use of daylight hours as an energy saving measure would 202# "continue for an indefinite period." 203# 204# One of many places where it is published: 205# http://www.thaindian.com/newsportal/business/bangladesh-to-continue-indefinitely-with-advanced-time_100259987.html 206 207# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-12-24): 208# According to Bangladesh newspaper "The Daily Star," 209# Bangladesh will change its clock back to Standard Time on Dec 31, 2009. 210# 211# Clock goes back 1-hr on Dec 31 night. 212# http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=119228 213# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh05.html 214# 215# "...The government yesterday decided to put the clock back by one hour 216# on December 31 midnight and the new time will continue until March 31, 217# 2010 midnight. The decision came at a cabinet meeting at the Prime 218# Minister's Office last night..." 219 220# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-03-22): 221# According to Bangladesh newspaper "The Daily Star," 222# Cabinet cancels Daylight Saving Time 223# http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/latest_news.php?nid=22817 224# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh06.html 225 226# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 227Rule Dhaka 2009 only - Jun 19 23:00 1:00 S
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222Rule Dhaka 2009 only - Dec 31 23:59 0 -
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228Rule Dhaka 2009 only - Dec 31 24:00 0 - |
229 230# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 231Zone Asia/Dhaka 6:01:40 - LMT 1890 232 5:53:20 - HMT 1941 Oct # Howrah Mean Time? 233 6:30 - BURT 1942 May 15 # Burma Time 234 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep 235 6:30 - BURT 1951 Sep 30 236 6:00 - DACT 1971 Mar 26 # Dacca Time 237 6:00 - BDT 2009 238 6:00 Dhaka BD%sT 239 240# Bhutan 241# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 242Zone Asia/Thimphu 5:58:36 - LMT 1947 Aug 15 # or Thimbu 243 5:30 - IST 1987 Oct 244 6:00 - BTT # Bhutan Time 245 246# British Indian Ocean Territory 247# Whitman and the 1995 CIA time zone map say 5:00, but the 248# 1997 and later maps say 6:00. Assume the switch occurred in 1996. 249# We have no information as to when standard time was introduced; 250# assume it occurred in 1907, the same year as Mauritius (which 251# then contained the Chagos Archipelago). 252# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 253Zone Indian/Chagos 4:49:40 - LMT 1907 254 5:00 - IOT 1996 # BIOT Time 255 6:00 - IOT 256 257# Brunei 258# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
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253Zone Asia/Brunei 7:39:40 - LMT 1926 Mar # Bandar Seri Begawan
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259Zone Asia/Brunei 7:39:40 - LMT 1926 Mar # Bandar Seri Begawan |
260 7:30 - BNT 1933 261 8:00 - BNT 262 263# Burma / Myanmar 264 265# Milne says 6:24:40 was the meridian of the time ball observatory at Rangoon. 266 267# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
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262Zone Asia/Rangoon 6:24:40 - LMT 1880 # or Yangon
263 6:24:40 - RMT 1920 # Rangoon Mean Time?
264 6:30 - BURT 1942 May # Burma Time
265 9:00 - JST 1945 May 3
266 6:30 - MMT # Myanmar Time
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268Zone Asia/Rangoon 6:24:40 - LMT 1880 # or Yangon 269 6:24:40 - RMT 1920 # Rangoon Mean Time? 270 6:30 - BURT 1942 May # Burma Time 271 9:00 - JST 1945 May 3 272 6:30 - MMT # Myanmar Time |
273 274# Cambodia
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269# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
270Zone Asia/Phnom_Penh 6:59:40 - LMT 1906 Jun 9
271 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT?
272 7:00 - ICT 1912 May
273 8:00 - ICT 1931 May
274 7:00 - ICT
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275# See Asia/Bangkok. |
276
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277 |
278# China 279 280# From Guy Harris: 281# People's Republic of China. Yes, they really have only one time zone. 282 283# From Bob Devine (1988-01-28): 284# No they don't. See TIME mag, 1986-02-17 p.52. Even though 285# China is across 4 physical time zones, before Feb 1, 1986 only the 286# Peking (Beijing) time zone was recognized. Since that date, China 287# has two of 'em - Peking's and ��r��mqi (named after the capital of 288# the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region). I don't know about DST for it. 289# 290# . . .I just deleted the DST table and this editor makes it too 291# painful to suck in another copy. So, here is what I have for 292# DST start/end dates for Peking's time zone (info from AP): 293# 294# 1986 May 4 - Sept 14 295# 1987 mid-April - ?? 296 297# From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19): 298# CHINA 8 H AHEAD OF UTC ALL OF CHINA, INCL TAIWAN 299# CHINA 9 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 17 - SEP 10 300 301# From Paul Eggert (2008-02-11): 302# Jim Mann, "A clumsy embrace for another western custom: China on daylight 303# time - sort of", Los Angeles Times, 1986-05-05 ... [says] that China began 304# observing daylight saving time in 1986. 305 306# From Paul Eggert (2014-06-30): 307# Shanks & Pottenger have China switching to a single time zone in 1980, but 308# this doesn't seem to be correct. They also write that China observed summer 309# DST from 1986 through 1991, which seems to match the above commentary, so 310# go with them for DST rules as follows: 311# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 312Rule Shang 1940 only - Jun 3 0:00 1:00 D 313Rule Shang 1940 1941 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 314Rule Shang 1941 only - Mar 16 0:00 1:00 D 315Rule PRC 1986 only - May 4 0:00 1:00 D 316Rule PRC 1986 1991 - Sep Sun>=11 0:00 0 S 317Rule PRC 1987 1991 - Apr Sun>=10 0:00 1:00 D 318 319# From Anthony Fok (2001-12-20): 320# BTW, I did some research on-line and found some info regarding these five 321# historic timezones from some Taiwan websites. And yes, there are official 322# Chinese names for these locales (before 1949). 323# 324# From Jesper N��rgaard Welen (2006-07-14): 325# I have investigated the timezones around 1970 on the 326# http://www.astro.com/atlas site [with provinces and county 327# boundaries summarized below].... A few other exceptions were two 328# counties on the Sichuan side of the Xizang-Sichuan border, 329# counties Dege and Baiyu which lies on the Sichuan side and are 330# therefore supposed to be GMT+7, Xizang region being GMT+6, but Dege 331# county is GMT+8 according to astro.com while Baiyu county is GMT+6 332# (could be true), for the moment I am assuming that those two 333# counties are mistakes in the astro.com data. 334 335# From Paul Eggert (2014-06-30): 336# Alois Treindl kindly sent me translations of the following two sources: 337# 338# (1) 339# Guo Qingsheng (National Time-Service Center, CAS, Xi'an 710600, China) 340# Beijing Time at the Beginning of the PRC 341# China Historical Materials of Science and Technology 342# (Zhongguo ke ji shi liao, ������������������), Vol. 24, No. 1 (2003) 343# It gives evidence that at the beginning of the PRC, Beijing time was 344# officially apparent solar time! However, Guo also says that the 345# evidence is dubious, as the relevant institute of astronomy had not 346# been taken over by the PRC yet. It's plausible that apparent solar 347# time was announced but never implemented, and that people continued 348# to use UT+8. As the Shanghai radio station (and I presume the 349# observatory) was still under control of French missionaries, it 350# could well have ignored any such mandate. 351# 352# (2) 353# Guo Qing-sheng (Shaanxi Astronomical Observatory, CAS, Xi'an 710600, China) 354# A Study on the Standard Time Changes for the Past 100 Years in China 355# [undated and unknown publication location] 356# It says several things: 357# * The Qing dynasty used local apparent solar time throughout China. 358# * The Republic of China instituted Beijing mean solar time effective 359# the official calendar book of 1914. 360# * The French Concession in Shanghai set up signal stations in
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359# French docks in the 1890s, controled by Xujiahui (Zikawei)
360# Obervatory and set to local mean time.
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361# French docks in the 1890s, controlled by Xujiahui (Zikawei) 362# Observatory and set to local mean time. |
363# * "From the end of the 19th century" it changed to UT+8. 364# * Chinese Customs (by then reduced to a tool of foreign powers) 365# eventually standardized on this time for all ports, and it 366# became used by railways as well. 367# * In 1918 the Central Observatory proposed dividing China into 368# five time zones (see below for details). This caught on 369# at first only in coastal areas observing UT+8. 370# * During WWII all of China was in theory was at UT+7. In practice 371# this was ignored in the west, and I presume was ignored in 372# Japanese-occupied territory. 373# * Japanese-occupied Manchuria was at UT+9, i.e., Japan time. 374# * The five-zone plan was resurrected after WWII and officially put into 375# place (with some modifications) in March 1948. It's not clear 376# how well it was observed in areas under Nationalist control. 377# * The People's Liberation Army used UT+8 during the civil war. 378# 379# An AP article "Shanghai Internat'l Area Little Changed" in the 380# Lewiston (ME) Daily Sun (1939-05-29), p 17, said "Even the time is 381# different - the occupied districts going by Tokyo time, an hour 382# ahead of that prevailing in the rest of Shanghai." Guess that the 383# Xujiahui Observatory was under French control and stuck with UT+8. 384# 385# In earlier versions of this file, China had many separate Zone entries, but
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384# this was based on what was apparently incorrect data in Shanks & Pottenger.
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386# this was based on what were apparently incorrect data in Shanks & Pottenger. |
387# This has now been simplified to the two entries Asia/Shanghai and 388# Asia/Urumqi, with the others being links for backward compatibility. 389# Proposed in 1918 and theoretically in effect until 1949 (although in practice 390# mainly observed in coastal areas), the five zones were: 391# 392# Changbai Time ("Long-white Time", Long-white = Heilongjiang area) UT+8.5 393# Asia/Harbin (currently a link to Asia/Shanghai) 394# Heilongjiang (except Mohe county), Jilin 395# 396# Zhongyuan Time ("Central plain Time") UT+8 397# Asia/Shanghai 398# most of China 399# This currently represents most other zones as well, 400# as apparently these regions have been the same since 1970. 401# Milne gives 8:05:43.2 for Xujiahui Observatory time; round to nearest. 402# Guo says Shanghai switched to UT+8 "from the end of the 19th century". 403# 404# Long-shu Time (probably due to Long and Shu being two names of that area) UT+7 405# Asia/Chongqing (currently a link to Asia/Shanghai) 406# Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Ningxia, Sichuan, Shaanxi, and Yunnan; 407# most of Gansu; west Inner Mongolia; west Qinghai; and the Guangdong 408# counties Deqing, Enping, Kaiping, Luoding, Taishan, Xinxing, 409# Yangchun, Yangjiang, Yu'nan, and Yunfu. 410# 411# Xin-zang Time ("Xinjiang-Tibet Time") UT+6 412# Asia/Urumqi 413# This currently represents Kunlun Time as well, 414# as apparently the two regions have been the same since 1970. 415# The Gansu counties Aksay, Anxi, Dunhuang, Subei; west Qinghai; 416# the Guangdong counties Xuwen, Haikang, Suixi, Lianjiang, 417# Zhanjiang, Wuchuan, Huazhou, Gaozhou, Maoming, Dianbai, and Xinyi; 418# east Tibet, including Lhasa, Chamdo, Shigaise, Jimsar, Shawan and Hutubi; 419# east Xinjiang, including ��r��mqi, Turpan, Karamay, Korla, Minfeng, Jinghe, 420# Wusu, Qiemo, Xinyan, Wulanwusu, Jinghe, Yumin, Tacheng, Tuoli, Emin, 421# Shihezi, Changji, Yanqi, Heshuo, Tuokexun, Tulufan, Shanshan, Hami, 422# Fukang, Kuitun, Kumukuli, Miquan, Qitai, and Turfan. 423# 424# Kunlun Time UT+5.5 425# Asia/Kashgar (currently a link to Asia/Urumqi) 426# West Tibet, including Pulan, Aheqi, Shufu, Shule; 427# West Xinjiang, including Aksu, Atushi, Yining, Hetian, Cele, Luopu, Nileke, 428# Zhaosu, Tekesi, Gongliu, Chabuchaer, Huocheng, Bole, Pishan, Suiding, 429# and Yarkand. 430 431# From Luther Ma (2009-10-17): 432# Almost all (>99.9%) ethnic Chinese (properly ethnic Han) living in 433# Xinjiang use Chinese Standard Time. Some are aware of Xinjiang time, 434# but have no need of it. All planes, trains, and schools function on 435# what is called "Beijing time." When Han make an appointment in Chinese 436# they implicitly use Beijing time. 437# 438# On the other hand, ethnic Uyghurs, who make up about half the 439# population of Xinjiang, typically use "Xinjiang time" which is two 440# hours behind Beijing time, or UTC +0600. The government of the Xinjiang 441# Uyghur Autonomous Region, (XAUR, or just Xinjiang for short) as well as 442# local governments such as the ��r��mqi city government use both times in 443# publications, referring to what is popularly called Xinjiang time as 444# "��r��mqi time." When Uyghurs make an appointment in the Uyghur language 445# they almost invariably use Xinjiang time. 446# 447# (Their ethnic Han compatriots would typically have no clue of its 448# widespread use, however, because so extremely few of them are fluent in 449# Uyghur, comparable to the number of Anglo-Americans fluent in Navajo.) 450# 451# (...As with the rest of China there was a brief interval ending in 1990 452# or 1991 when summer time was in use. The confusion was severe, with 453# the province not having dual times but four times in use at the same 454# time. Some areas remained on standard Xinjiang time or Beijing time and 455# others moving their clocks ahead.) 456 457# From Luther Ma (2009-11-19): 458# With the risk of being redundant to previous answers these are the most common 459# English "transliterations" (w/o using non-English symbols): 460# 461# 1. Wulumuqi... 462# 2. Kashi... 463# 3. Urumqi... 464# 4. Kashgar... 465# ... 466# 5. It seems that Uyghurs in ��r��mqi has been using Xinjiang since at least the 467# 1960's. I know of one Han, now over 50, who grew up in the surrounding 468# countryside and used Xinjiang time as a child. 469# 470# 6. Likewise for Kashgar and the rest of south Xinjiang I don't know of any 471# start date for Xinjiang time. 472# 473# Without having access to local historical records, nor the ability to legally 474# publish them, I would go with October 1, 1949, when Xinjiang became the Uyghur 475# Autonomous Region under the PRC. (Before that Uyghurs, of course, would also 476# not be using Beijing time, but some local time.) 477 478# From David Cochrane (2014-03-26): 479# Just a confirmation that ��r��mqi time was implemented in ��r��mqi on 1 Feb 1986: 480# http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,960684,00.html 481 482# From Luther Ma (2014-04-22): 483# I have interviewed numerous people of various nationalities and from 484# different localities in Xinjiang and can confirm the information in Guo's 485# report regarding Xinjiang, as well as the Time article reference by David 486# Cochrane. Whether officially recognized or not (and both are officially 487# recognized), two separate times have been in use in Xinjiang since at least 488# the Cultural Revolution: Xinjiang Time (XJT), aka ��r��mqi Time or local time; 489# and Beijing Time. There is no confusion in Xinjiang as to which name refers 490# to which time. Both are widely used in the province, although in some 491# population groups might be use one to the exclusion of the other. The only 492# problem is that computers and smart phones list ��r��mqi (or Kashgar) as 493# having the same time as Beijing. 494 495# From Paul Eggert (2014-06-30): 496# In the early days of the PRC, Tibet was given its own time zone (UT+6) but 497# this was withdrawn in 1959 and never reinstated; see Tubten Kh��tsun, 498# Memories of life in Lhasa under Chinese Rule, Columbia U Press, ISBN 499# 978-0231142861 (2008), translator's introduction by Matthew Akester, p x. 500# As this is before our 1970 cutoff, Tibet doesn't need a separate zone. 501# 502# Xinjiang Time is well-documented as being officially recognized. E.g., see 503# "The Working-Calendar for The Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Government" 504# <http://www.sinkiang.gov.cn/service/ourworking/> (2014-04-22). 505# Unfortunately, we have no good records of time in Xinjiang before 1986.
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504# During the 20th century parts of Xinjiang were ruled by the Qing dyansty,
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506# During the 20th century parts of Xinjiang were ruled by the Qing dynasty, |
507# the Republic of China, various warlords, the First and Second East Turkestan 508# Republics, the Soviet Union, the Kuomintang, and the People's Republic of 509# China, and tracking down all these organizations' timekeeping rules would be 510# quite a trick. Approximate this lost history by a transition from LMT to 511# XJT at the start of 1928, the year of accession of the warlord Jin Shuren, 512# which happens to be the date given by Shanks & Pottenger (no doubt as a 513# guess) as the transition from LMT. Ignore the usage of UT+8 before 514# 1986-02-01 under the theory that the transition date to UT+8 is unknown and 515# that the sort of users who prefer Asia/Urumqi now typically ignored the 516# UT+8 mandate back then. 517 518# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 519# Beijing time, used throughout China; represented by Shanghai. 520Zone Asia/Shanghai 8:05:43 - LMT 1901 521 8:00 Shang C%sT 1949 522 8:00 PRC C%sT 523# Xinjiang time, used by many in western China; represented by ��r��mqi / ��r��mchi 524# / Wulumuqi. (Please use Asia/Shanghai if you prefer Beijing time.) 525Zone Asia/Urumqi 5:50:20 - LMT 1928 526 6:00 - XJT 527 528 529# Hong Kong (Xianggang) 530 531# Milne gives 7:36:41.7; round this. 532 533# From Lee Yiu Chung (2009-10-24): 534# I found there are some mistakes for the...DST rule for Hong 535# Kong. [According] to the DST record from Hong Kong Observatory (actually, 536# it is not [an] observatory, but the official meteorological agency of HK, 537# and also serves as the official timing agency), there are some missing 538# and incorrect rules. Although the exact switch over time is missing, I 539# think 3:30 is correct. The official DST record for Hong Kong can be 540# obtained from 541# http://www.hko.gov.hk/gts/time/Summertime.htm 542 543# From Arthur David Olson (2009-10-28): 544# Here are the dates given at 545# http://www.hko.gov.hk/gts/time/Summertime.htm 546# as of 2009-10-28: 547# Year Period 548# 1941 1 Apr to 30 Sep 549# 1942 Whole year 550# 1943 Whole year 551# 1944 Whole year 552# 1945 Whole year 553# 1946 20 Apr to 1 Dec 554# 1947 13 Apr to 30 Dec 555# 1948 2 May to 31 Oct 556# 1949 3 Apr to 30 Oct 557# 1950 2 Apr to 29 Oct 558# 1951 1 Apr to 28 Oct 559# 1952 6 Apr to 25 Oct 560# 1953 5 Apr to 1 Nov 561# 1954 21 Mar to 31 Oct 562# 1955 20 Mar to 6 Nov 563# 1956 18 Mar to 4 Nov 564# 1957 24 Mar to 3 Nov 565# 1958 23 Mar to 2 Nov 566# 1959 22 Mar to 1 Nov 567# 1960 20 Mar to 6 Nov 568# 1961 19 Mar to 5 Nov 569# 1962 18 Mar to 4 Nov 570# 1963 24 Mar to 3 Nov 571# 1964 22 Mar to 1 Nov 572# 1965 18 Apr to 17 Oct 573# 1966 17 Apr to 16 Oct 574# 1967 16 Apr to 22 Oct 575# 1968 21 Apr to 20 Oct 576# 1969 20 Apr to 19 Oct 577# 1970 19 Apr to 18 Oct 578# 1971 18 Apr to 17 Oct 579# 1972 16 Apr to 22 Oct 580# 1973 22 Apr to 21 Oct 581# 1973/74 30 Dec 73 to 20 Oct 74 582# 1975 20 Apr to 19 Oct 583# 1976 18 Apr to 17 Oct 584# 1977 Nil 585# 1978 Nil 586# 1979 13 May to 21 Oct 587# 1980 to Now Nil 588# The page does not give start or end times of day. 589# The page does not give a start date for 1942. 590# The page does not givw an end date for 1945. 591# The Japanese occupation of Hong Kong began on 1941-12-25. 592# The Japanese surrender of Hong Kong was signed 1945-09-15. 593# For lack of anything better, use start of those days as the transition times. 594 595# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 596Rule HK 1941 only - Apr 1 3:30 1:00 S 597Rule HK 1941 only - Sep 30 3:30 0 - 598Rule HK 1946 only - Apr 20 3:30 1:00 S 599Rule HK 1946 only - Dec 1 3:30 0 - 600Rule HK 1947 only - Apr 13 3:30 1:00 S 601Rule HK 1947 only - Dec 30 3:30 0 - 602Rule HK 1948 only - May 2 3:30 1:00 S 603Rule HK 1948 1951 - Oct lastSun 3:30 0 - 604Rule HK 1952 only - Oct 25 3:30 0 - 605Rule HK 1949 1953 - Apr Sun>=1 3:30 1:00 S 606Rule HK 1953 only - Nov 1 3:30 0 - 607Rule HK 1954 1964 - Mar Sun>=18 3:30 1:00 S 608Rule HK 1954 only - Oct 31 3:30 0 - 609Rule HK 1955 1964 - Nov Sun>=1 3:30 0 - 610Rule HK 1965 1976 - Apr Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 611Rule HK 1965 1976 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 - 612Rule HK 1973 only - Dec 30 3:30 1:00 S 613Rule HK 1979 only - May Sun>=8 3:30 1:00 S 614Rule HK 1979 only - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 - 615# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 616Zone Asia/Hong_Kong 7:36:42 - LMT 1904 Oct 30 617 8:00 HK HK%sT 1941 Dec 25 618 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 15 619 8:00 HK HK%sT 620 621############################################################################### 622 623# Taiwan 624 625# From smallufo (2010-04-03): 626# According to Taiwan's CWB [Central Weather Bureau], 627# http://www.cwb.gov.tw/V6/astronomy/cdata/summert.htm 628# Taipei has DST in 1979 between July 1st and Sep 30. 629 630# From Yu-Cheng Chuang (2013-07-12): 631# On Dec 28, 1895, the Meiji Emperor announced Ordinance No. 167 of 632# Meiji Year 28 "The clause about standard time", mentioned that 633# Taiwan and Penghu Islands, as well as Yaeyama and Miyako Islands 634# (both in Okinawa) adopt the Western Standard Time which is based on 635# 120E. The adoption began from Jan 1, 1896. The original text can be 636# found on Wikisource: 637# http://ja.wikisource.org/wiki/������������������������_(���������) 638# ... This could be the first adoption of time zone in Taiwan, because 639# during the Qing Dynasty, it seems that there was no time zone 640# declared officially. 641# 642# Later, in the beginning of World War II, on Sep 25, 1937, the Showa 643# Emperor announced Ordinance No. 529 of Showa Year 12 "The clause of 644# revision in the ordinance No. 167 of Meiji year 28 about standard 645# time", in which abolished the adoption of Western Standard Time in 646# western islands (listed above), which means the whole Japan 647# territory, including later occupations, adopt Japan Central Time 648# (UTC+9). The adoption began on Oct 1, 1937. The original text can 649# be found on Wikisource: 650# http://ja.wikisource.org/wiki/��������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 651# 652# That is, the time zone of Taipei switched to UTC+9 on Oct 1, 1937. 653 654# From Yu-Cheng Chuang (2014-07-02): 655# I've found more evidence about when the time zone was switched from UTC+9 656# back to UTC+8 after WW2. I believe it was on Sep 21, 1945. In a document 657# during Japanese era [1] in which the officer told the staff to change time 658# zone back to Western Standard Time (UTC+8) on Sep 21. And in another 659# history page of National Cheng Kung University [2], on Sep 21 there is a 660# note "from today, switch back to Western Standard Time". From these two 661# materials, I believe that the time zone change happened on Sep 21. And 662# today I have found another monthly journal called "The Astronomical Herald" 663# from The Astronomical Society of Japan [3] in which it mentioned the fact 664# that: 665# 666# 1. Standard Time of the Country (Japan) was adopted on Jan 1, 1888, using 667# the time at 135E (GMT+9) 668# 669# 2. Standard Time of the Country was renamed to Central Standard Time, on Jan 670# 1, 1898, and on the same day, the new territories Taiwan and Penghu islands, 671# as well as Yaeyama and Miyako islands, adopted a new time zone called 672# Western Standard Time, which is in GMT+8. 673# 674# 3. Western Standard Time was deprecated on Sep 30, 1937. From then all the 675# territories of Japan adopted the same time zone, which is Central Standard 676# Time. 677# 678# [1] Academica Historica, Taiwan: 679# http://163.29.208.22:8080/govsaleShowImage/connect_img.php?s=00101738900090036&e=00101738900090037 680# [2] Nat'l Cheng Kung University 70th Anniversary Special Site: 681# http://www.ncku.edu.tw/~ncku70/menu/001/01_01.htm 682# [3] Yukio Niimi, The Standard Time in Japan (1997), p.475: 683# http://www.asj.or.jp/geppou/archive_open/1997/pdf/19971001c.pdf 684 685# Yu-Cheng Chuang (2014-07-03): 686# I finally have found the real official gazette about changing back to 687# Western Standard Time on Sep 21 in Taiwan. It's Taiwan Governor-General 688# Bulletin No. 386 in Showa 20 years (1945), published on Sep 19, 1945. [1] ... 689# [It] abolishes Bulletin No. 207 in Showa 12 years (1937), which is a local 690# bulletin in Taiwan for that Ordinance No. 529. It also mentioned that 1am on 691# Sep 21, 1945 will be 12am on Sep 21. I think this bulletin is much more 692# official than the one I mentioned in my first mail, because it's from the 693# top-level government in Taiwan. If you're going to quote any resource, this 694# would be a good one. 695# [1] Taiwan Governor-General Gazette, No. 1018, Sep 19, 1945: 696# http://db2.th.gov.tw/db2/view/viewImg.php?imgcode=0072031018a&num=19&bgn=019&end=019&otherImg=&type=gener 697 698# From Yu-Cheng Chuang (2014-07-02): 699# In 1946, DST in Taiwan was from May 15 and ended on Sep 30. The info from 700# Central Weather Bureau website was not correct. 701# 702# Original Bulletin:
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701# <http://subtpg.tpg.gov.tw/og/image2.asp?f=03502F0AKM1AF>
702# <http://subtpg.tpg.gov.tw/og/image2.asp?f=0350300AKM1B0> (cont.)
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703# http://subtpg.tpg.gov.tw/og/image2.asp?f=03502F0AKM1AF 704# http://subtpg.tpg.gov.tw/og/image2.asp?f=0350300AKM1B0 (cont.) |
705# 706# In 1947, DST in Taiwan was expanded to Oct 31. There is a backup of that 707# telegram announcement from Taiwan Province Government: 708#
|
707# <http://subtpg.tpg.gov.tw/og/image2.asp?f=0360310AKZ431>
|
709# http://subtpg.tpg.gov.tw/og/image2.asp?f=0360310AKZ431 |
710# 711# Here is a brief translation: 712# 713# The Summer Time this year is adopted from midnight Apr 15 until Sep 20 714# midnight. To save (energy?) consumption, we're expanding Summer Time
|
713# adption till Oct 31 midnight.
|
715# adoption till Oct 31 midnight. |
716# 717# The Central Weather Bureau website didn't mention that, however it can 718# be found from historical government announcement database. 719 720# From Paul Eggert (2014-07-03): 721# As per Yu-Cheng Chuang, say that Taiwan was at UT+9 from 1937-10-01 722# until 1945-09-21 at 01:00, overriding Shanks & Pottenger. 723# Likewise, use Yu-Cheng Chuang's data for DST in Taiwan. 724 725# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 726Rule Taiwan 1946 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 D 727Rule Taiwan 1946 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 728Rule Taiwan 1947 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 D 729Rule Taiwan 1947 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 S 730Rule Taiwan 1948 1951 - May 1 0:00 1:00 D 731Rule Taiwan 1948 1951 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 732Rule Taiwan 1952 only - Mar 1 0:00 1:00 D 733Rule Taiwan 1952 1954 - Nov 1 0:00 0 S 734Rule Taiwan 1953 1959 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 735Rule Taiwan 1955 1961 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 736Rule Taiwan 1960 1961 - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D 737Rule Taiwan 1974 1975 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 738Rule Taiwan 1974 1975 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 739Rule Taiwan 1979 only - Jul 1 0:00 1:00 D 740Rule Taiwan 1979 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 741 742# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 743# Taipei or Taibei or T'ai-pei 744Zone Asia/Taipei 8:06:00 - LMT 1896 Jan 1 745 8:00 - JWST 1937 Oct 1
|
744 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 21 01:00
|
746 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 21 1:00 |
747 8:00 Taiwan C%sT 748 749# Macau (Macao, Aomen) 750# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 751Rule Macau 1961 1962 - Mar Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 752Rule Macau 1961 1964 - Nov Sun>=1 3:30 0 - 753Rule Macau 1963 only - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 S 754Rule Macau 1964 only - Mar Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 755Rule Macau 1965 only - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 S 756Rule Macau 1965 only - Oct 31 0:00 0 - 757Rule Macau 1966 1971 - Apr Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 758Rule Macau 1966 1971 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 - 759Rule Macau 1972 1974 - Apr Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S 760Rule Macau 1972 1973 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 0 - 761Rule Macau 1974 1977 - Oct Sun>=15 3:30 0 - 762Rule Macau 1975 1977 - Apr Sun>=15 3:30 1:00 S 763Rule Macau 1978 1980 - Apr Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S 764Rule Macau 1978 1980 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 0 - 765# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
|
764Zone Asia/Macau 7:34:20 - LMT 1912
|
766Zone Asia/Macau 7:34:20 - LMT 1912 Jan 1 |
767 8:00 Macau MO%sT 1999 Dec 20 # return to China 768 8:00 PRC C%sT 769 770 771############################################################################### 772 773# Cyprus 774# 775# Milne says the Eastern Telegraph Company used 2:14:00. Stick with LMT. 776# 777# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 778Rule Cyprus 1975 only - Apr 13 0:00 1:00 S 779Rule Cyprus 1975 only - Oct 12 0:00 0 - 780Rule Cyprus 1976 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 S 781Rule Cyprus 1976 only - Oct 11 0:00 0 - 782Rule Cyprus 1977 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S 783Rule Cyprus 1977 only - Sep 25 0:00 0 - 784Rule Cyprus 1978 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 - 785Rule Cyprus 1979 1997 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 786Rule Cyprus 1981 1998 - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 787# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 788Zone Asia/Nicosia 2:13:28 - LMT 1921 Nov 14 789 2:00 Cyprus EE%sT 1998 Sep 790 2:00 EUAsia EE%sT 791# IATA SSIM (1998-09) has Cyprus using EU rules for the first time. 792 793# Classically, Cyprus belongs to Asia; e.g. see Herodotus, Histories, I.72. 794# However, for various reasons many users expect to find it under Europe. 795Link Asia/Nicosia Europe/Nicosia 796 797# Georgia 798# From Paul Eggert (1994-11-19): 799# Today's _Economist_ (p 60) reports that Georgia moved its clocks forward 800# an hour recently, due to a law proposed by Zurab Murvanidze, 801# an MP who went on a hunger strike for 11 days to force discussion about it! 802# We have no details, but we'll guess they didn't move the clocks back in fall. 803# 804# From Mathew Englander, quoting AP (1996-10-23 13:05-04): 805# Instead of putting back clocks at the end of October, Georgia 806# will stay on daylight savings time this winter to save energy, 807# President Eduard Shevardnadze decreed Wednesday. 808# 809# From the BBC via Joseph S. Myers (2004-06-27): 810# 811# Georgia moved closer to Western Europe on Sunday... The former Soviet 812# republic has changed its time zone back to that of Moscow. As a result it 813# is now just four hours ahead of Greenwich Mean Time, rather than five hours 814# ahead. The switch was decreed by the pro-Western president of Georgia, 815# Mikheil Saakashvili, who said the change was partly prompted by the process 816# of integration into Europe. 817 818# From Teimuraz Abashidze (2005-11-07): 819# Government of Georgia ... decided to NOT CHANGE daylight savings time on 820# [Oct.] 30, as it was done before during last more than 10 years. 821# Currently, we are in fact GMT +4:00, as before 30 October it was GMT 822# +3:00.... The problem is, there is NO FORMAL LAW or governmental document 823# about it. As far as I can find, I was told, that there is no document, 824# because we just DIDN'T ISSUE document about switching to winter time.... 825# I don't know what can be done, especially knowing that some years ago our 826# DST rules where changed THREE TIMES during one month. 827
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826# Milne says Tbilisi (Tiflis) time was 2:59:05.7; round to nearest.)
|
828# Milne 1899 says Tbilisi (Tiflis) time was 2:59:05.7. 829# Byalokoz 1919 says Georgia was 2:59:11. 830# Go with Byalokoz. |
831 832# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
|
829Zone Asia/Tbilisi 2:59:06 - LMT 1880
830 2:59:06 - TBMT 1924 May 2 # Tbilisi Mean Time
|
833Zone Asia/Tbilisi 2:59:11 - LMT 1880 834 2:59:11 - TBMT 1924 May 2 # Tbilisi Mean Time |
835 3:00 - TBIT 1957 Mar # Tbilisi Time
|
832 4:00 RussiaAsia TBI%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
|
836 4:00 RussiaAsia TBI%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s |
837 3:00 1:00 TBIST 1991 Apr 9 # independence
|
834 3:00 RussiaAsia GE%sT 1992 # Georgia Time
|
838 3:00 RussiaAsia GE%sT 1992 # Georgia Time |
839 3:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 1994 Sep lastSun 840 4:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 1996 Oct lastSun 841 4:00 1:00 GEST 1997 Mar lastSun 842 4:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 2004 Jun 27
|
839 3:00 RussiaAsia GE%sT 2005 Mar lastSun 2:00
|
843 3:00 RussiaAsia GE%sT 2005 Mar lastSun 2:00 |
844 4:00 - GET 845 846# East Timor 847 848# See Indonesia for the 1945 transition. 849 850# From Jo��o Carrascal��o, brother of the former governor of East Timor, in 851# East Timor may be late for its millennium 852# <http://etan.org/et99c/december/26-31/30ETMAY.htm> (1999-12-26/31): 853# Portugal tried to change the time forward in 1974 because the sun 854# rises too early but the suggestion raised a lot of problems with the 855# Timorese and I still don't think it would work today because it 856# conflicts with their way of life. 857 858# From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04): 859# We don't have any record of the above attempt. 860# Most likely our records are incomplete, but we have no better data. 861 862# From Manoel de Almeida e Silva, Deputy Spokesman for the UN Secretary-General 863# http://www.hri.org/news/world/undh/2000/00-08-16.undh.html 864# (2000-08-16): 865# The Cabinet of the East Timor Transition Administration decided 866# today to advance East Timor's time by one hour. The time change, 867# which will be permanent, with no seasonal adjustment, will happen at 868# midnight on Saturday, September 16. 869 870# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
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867Zone Asia/Dili 8:22:20 - LMT 1912
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871Zone Asia/Dili 8:22:20 - LMT 1912 Jan 1 |
872 8:00 - TLT 1942 Feb 21 23:00 # E Timor Time 873 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 23 874 9:00 - TLT 1976 May 3
|
871 8:00 - WITA 2000 Sep 17 00:00
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875 8:00 - WITA 2000 Sep 17 0:00 |
876 9:00 - TLT 877 878# India 879# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
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876Zone Asia/Kolkata 5:53:28 - LMT 1880 # Kolkata
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880Zone Asia/Kolkata 5:53:28 - LMT 1880 # Kolkata |
881 5:53:20 - HMT 1941 Oct # Howrah Mean Time? 882 6:30 - BURT 1942 May 15 # Burma Time 883 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep 884 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 15 885 5:30 - IST 886# The following are like Asia/Kolkata: 887# Andaman Is 888# Lakshadweep (Laccadive, Minicoy and Amindivi Is) 889# Nicobar Is 890 891# Indonesia 892#
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893# From Paul Eggert (2014-09-06): 894# The 1876 Report of the Secretary of the [US] Navy, p 306 says that Batavia 895# civil time was 7:07:12.5; round to even for Jakarta. 896# |
897# From Gwillim Law (2001-05-28), overriding Shanks & Pottenger:
|
890# <http://www.sumatera-inc.com/go_to_invest/about_indonesia.asp#standtime>
|
898# http://www.sumatera-inc.com/go_to_invest/about_indonesia.asp#standtime |
899# says that Indonesia's time zones changed on 1988-01-01. Looking at some 900# time zone maps, I think that must refer to Western Borneo (Kalimantan Barat 901# and Kalimantan Tengah) switching from UTC+8 to UTC+7. 902# 903# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-10): 904# Here is another correction to Shanks & Pottenger. 905# JohnTWB writes that Japanese forces did not surrender control in 906# Indonesia until 1945-09-01 00:00 at the earliest (in Jakarta) and 907# other formal surrender ceremonies were September 9, 11, and 13, plus 908# September 12 for the regional surrender to Mountbatten in Singapore. 909# These would be the earliest possible times for a change. 910# R��gimes horaires pour le monde entier, by Henri Le Corre, (��ditions 911# Traditionnelles, 1987, Paris) says that Java and Madura switched 912# from JST to UTC+07:30 on 1945-09-23, and gives 1944-09-01 for Jayapura 913# (Hollandia). For now, assume all Indonesian locations other than Jayapura 914# switched on 1945-09-23. 915# 916# From Paul Eggert (2013-08-11): 917# Normally the tz database uses English-language abbreviations, but in 918# Indonesia it's typical to use Indonesian-language abbreviations even 919# when writing in English. For example, see the English-language 920# summary published by the Time and Frequency Laboratory of the 921# Research Center for Calibration, Instrumentation and Metrology, 922# Indonesia, <http://time.kim.lipi.go.id/time-eng.php> (2006-09-29). 923# The abbreviations are: 924# 925# WIB - UTC+7 - Waktu Indonesia Barat (Indonesia western time) 926# WITA - UTC+8 - Waktu Indonesia Tengah (Indonesia central time) 927# WIT - UTC+9 - Waktu Indonesia Timur (Indonesia eastern time) 928# 929# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 930# Java, Sumatra 931Zone Asia/Jakarta 7:07:12 - LMT 1867 Aug 10 932# Shanks & Pottenger say the next transition was at 1924 Jan 1 0:13, 933# but this must be a typo. 934 7:07:12 - BMT 1923 Dec 31 23:47:12 # Batavia
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927 7:20 - JAVT 1932 Nov # Java Time
|
935 7:20 - JAVT 1932 Nov # Java Time |
936 7:30 - WIB 1942 Mar 23 937 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 23 938 7:30 - WIB 1948 May 939 8:00 - WIB 1950 May 940 7:30 - WIB 1964 941 7:00 - WIB 942# west and central Borneo 943Zone Asia/Pontianak 7:17:20 - LMT 1908 May 944 7:17:20 - PMT 1932 Nov # Pontianak MT 945 7:30 - WIB 1942 Jan 29 946 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 23 947 7:30 - WIB 1948 May 948 8:00 - WIB 1950 May 949 7:30 - WIB 1964 950 8:00 - WITA 1988 Jan 1 951 7:00 - WIB 952# Sulawesi, Lesser Sundas, east and south Borneo 953Zone Asia/Makassar 7:57:36 - LMT 1920 954 7:57:36 - MMT 1932 Nov # Macassar MT 955 8:00 - WITA 1942 Feb 9 956 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 23 957 8:00 - WITA 958# Maluku Islands, West Papua, Papua 959Zone Asia/Jayapura 9:22:48 - LMT 1932 Nov 960 9:00 - WIT 1944 Sep 1 961 9:30 - ACST 1964 962 9:00 - WIT 963 964# Iran 965 966# From Roozbeh Pournader (2003-03-15): 967# This is an English translation of what I just found (originally in Persian). 968# The Gregorian dates in brackets are mine: 969# 970# Official Newspaper No. 13548-1370/6/25 [1991-09-16] 971# No. 16760/T233 H 1370/6/10 [1991-09-01] 972# 973# The Rule About Change of the Official Time of the Country 974# 975# The Board of Ministers, in the meeting dated 1370/5/23 [1991-08-14], 976# based on the suggestion number 2221/D dated 1370/4/22 [1991-07-13] 977# of the Country's Organization for Official and Employment Affairs, 978# and referring to the law for equating the working hours of workers 979# and officers in the whole country dated 1359/4/23 [1980-07-14], and 980# for synchronizing the official times of the country, agreed that: 981# 982# The official time of the country will should move forward one hour 983# at the 24[:00] hours of the first day of Farvardin and should return 984# to its previous state at the 24[:00] hours of the 30th day of 985# Shahrivar. 986# 987# First Deputy to the President - Hassan Habibi 988# 989# From personal experience, that agrees with what has been followed 990# for at least the last 5 years. Before that, for a few years, the 991# date used was the first Thursday night of Farvardin and the last 992# Thursday night of Shahrivar, but I can't give exact dates.... 993# I have also changed the abbreviations to what is considered correct 994# here in Iran, IRST for regular time and IRDT for daylight saving time. 995# 996# From Roozbeh Pournader (2005-04-05): 997# The text of the Iranian law, in effect since 1925, clearly mentions 998# that the true solar year is the measure, and there is no arithmetic 999# leap year calculation involved. There has never been any serious 1000# plan to change that law.... 1001# 1002# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 1003# Go with Shanks & Pottenger before Sept. 1991, and with Pournader thereafter. 1004# I used Ed Reingold's cal-persia in GNU Emacs 21.2 to check Persian dates, 1005# stopping after 2037 when 32-bit time_t's overflow. 1006# That cal-persia used Birashk's approximation, which disagrees with the solar 1007# calendar predictions for the year 2025, so I corrected those dates by hand. 1008# 1009# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-03-30), writing about future 1010# discrepancies between cal-persia and the Iranian calendar: 1011# For 2091 solar-longitude-after yields 2091-03-20 08:40:07.7 UT for 1012# the vernal equinox and that gets so close to 12:00 some local 1013# Iranian time that the definition of the correct location needs to be 1014# known exactly, amongst other factors. 2157 is even closer: 1015# 2157-03-20 08:37:15.5 UT. But the Gregorian year 2025 should give 1016# no interpretation problem whatsoever. By the way, another instant 1017# in the near future where there will be a discrepancy between 1018# arithmetical and astronomical Iranian calendars will be in 2058: 1019# vernal equinox on 2058-03-20 09:03:05.9 UT. The Java version of 1020# Reingold's/Dershowitz' calculator gives correctly the Gregorian date 1021# 2058-03-21 for 1 Farvardin 1437 (astronomical). 1022# 1023# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-03-22): 1024# Several of my users have reported that Iran will not observe DST anymore: 1025# http://www.irna.ir/en/news/view/line-17/0603193812164948.htm 1026# 1027# From Reuters (2007-09-16), with a heads-up from Jesper N��rgaard Welen: 1028# ... the Guardian Council ... approved a law on Sunday to re-introduce 1029# daylight saving time ... 1030# http://uk.reuters.com/article/oilRpt/idUKBLA65048420070916 1031# 1032# From Roozbeh Pournader (2007-11-05): 1033# This is quoted from Official Gazette of the Islamic Republic of 1034# Iran, Volume 63, Number 18242, dated Tuesday 1386/6/24 1035# [2007-10-16]. I am doing the best translation I can:... 1036# The official time of the country will be moved forward for one hour 1037# on the 24 hours of the first day of the month of Farvardin and will 1038# be changed back to its previous state on the 24 hours of the 1039# thirtieth day of Shahrivar. 1040# 1041# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1042Rule Iran 1978 1980 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 1043Rule Iran 1978 only - Oct 21 0:00 0 S 1044Rule Iran 1979 only - Sep 19 0:00 0 S 1045Rule Iran 1980 only - Sep 23 0:00 0 S 1046Rule Iran 1991 only - May 3 0:00 1:00 D 1047Rule Iran 1992 1995 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 1048Rule Iran 1991 1995 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 1049Rule Iran 1996 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 1050Rule Iran 1996 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 1051Rule Iran 1997 1999 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 1052Rule Iran 1997 1999 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 1053Rule Iran 2000 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 1054Rule Iran 2000 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 1055Rule Iran 2001 2003 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 1056Rule Iran 2001 2003 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 1057Rule Iran 2004 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 1058Rule Iran 2004 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 1059Rule Iran 2005 only - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 1060Rule Iran 2005 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 1061Rule Iran 2008 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 1062Rule Iran 2008 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 1063Rule Iran 2009 2011 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 1064Rule Iran 2009 2011 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 1065Rule Iran 2012 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 1066Rule Iran 2012 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 1067Rule Iran 2013 2015 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 1068Rule Iran 2013 2015 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 1069Rule Iran 2016 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 1070Rule Iran 2016 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 1071Rule Iran 2017 2019 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 1072Rule Iran 2017 2019 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 1073Rule Iran 2020 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 1074Rule Iran 2020 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 1075Rule Iran 2021 2023 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 1076Rule Iran 2021 2023 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 1077Rule Iran 2024 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 1078Rule Iran 2024 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 1079Rule Iran 2025 2027 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 1080Rule Iran 2025 2027 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 1081Rule Iran 2028 2029 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 1082Rule Iran 2028 2029 - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 1083Rule Iran 2030 2031 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 1084Rule Iran 2030 2031 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 1085Rule Iran 2032 2033 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 1086Rule Iran 2032 2033 - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 1087Rule Iran 2034 2035 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 1088Rule Iran 2034 2035 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 1089Rule Iran 2036 2037 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 1090Rule Iran 2036 2037 - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 1091# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1092Zone Asia/Tehran 3:25:44 - LMT 1916
|
1085 3:25:44 - TMT 1946 # Tehran Mean Time
|
1093 3:25:44 - TMT 1946 # Tehran Mean Time |
1094 3:30 - IRST 1977 Nov 1095 4:00 Iran IR%sT 1979 1096 3:30 Iran IR%sT 1097 1098 1099# Iraq 1100# 1101# From Jonathan Lennox (2000-06-12): 1102# An article in this week's Economist ("Inside the Saddam-free zone", p. 50 in 1103# the U.S. edition) on the Iraqi Kurds contains a paragraph: 1104# "The three northern provinces ... switched their clocks this spring and 1105# are an hour ahead of Baghdad." 1106# 1107# But Rives McDow (2000-06-18) quotes a contact in Iraqi-Kurdistan as follows: 1108# In the past, some Kurdish nationalists, as a protest to the Iraqi 1109# Government, did not adhere to daylight saving time. They referred 1110# to daylight saving as Saddam time. But, as of today, the time zone 1111# in Iraqi-Kurdistan is on standard time with Baghdad, Iraq. 1112# 1113# So we'll ignore the Economist's claim. 1114 1115# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-03-10): 1116# The cabinet in Iraq abolished DST last week, according to the following 1117# news sources (in Arabic): 1118# http://www.aljeeran.net/wesima_articles/news-20080305-98602.html 1119# http://www.aswataliraq.info/look/article.tpl?id=2047&IdLanguage=17&IdPublication=4&NrArticle=71743&NrIssue=1&NrSection=10 1120# 1121# We have published a short article in English about the change: 1122# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/iraq-dumps-daylight-saving.html 1123 1124# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1125Rule Iraq 1982 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D 1126Rule Iraq 1982 1984 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 1127Rule Iraq 1983 only - Mar 31 0:00 1:00 D 1128Rule Iraq 1984 1985 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 1129Rule Iraq 1985 1990 - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 S 1130Rule Iraq 1986 1990 - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 D 1131# IATA SSIM (1991/1996) says Apr 1 12:01am UTC; guess the ':01' is a typo. 1132# Shanks & Pottenger say Iraq did not observe DST 1992/1997; ignore this. 1133# 1134Rule Iraq 1991 2007 - Apr 1 3:00s 1:00 D 1135Rule Iraq 1991 2007 - Oct 1 3:00s 0 S 1136# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1137Zone Asia/Baghdad 2:57:40 - LMT 1890
|
1130 2:57:36 - BMT 1918 # Baghdad Mean Time?
|
1138 2:57:36 - BMT 1918 # Baghdad Mean Time? |
1139 3:00 - AST 1982 May 1140 3:00 Iraq A%sT 1141 1142 1143############################################################################### 1144 1145# Israel 1146 1147# From Ephraim Silverberg (2001-01-11): 1148# 1149# I coined "IST/IDT" circa 1988. Until then there were three 1150# different abbreviations in use: 1151# 1152# JST Jerusalem Standard Time [Danny Braniss, Hebrew University] 1153# IZT Israel Zonal (sic) Time [Prof. Haim Papo, Technion] 1154# EEST Eastern Europe Standard Time [used by almost everyone else] 1155# 1156# Since timezones should be called by country and not capital cities, 1157# I ruled out JST. As Israel is in Asia Minor and not Eastern Europe, 1158# EEST was equally unacceptable. Since "zonal" was not compatible with 1159# any other timezone abbreviation, I felt that 'IST' was the way to go 1160# and, indeed, it has received almost universal acceptance in timezone 1161# settings in Israeli computers. 1162# 1163# In any case, I am happy to share timezone abbreviations with India, 1164# high on my favorite-country list (and not only because my wife's 1165# family is from India). 1166 1167# From Shanks & Pottenger: 1168# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1169Rule Zion 1940 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D 1170Rule Zion 1942 1944 - Nov 1 0:00 0 S 1171Rule Zion 1943 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 1172Rule Zion 1944 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 1173Rule Zion 1945 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 D 1174Rule Zion 1945 only - Nov 1 2:00 0 S 1175Rule Zion 1946 only - Apr 16 2:00 1:00 D 1176Rule Zion 1946 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 S 1177Rule Zion 1948 only - May 23 0:00 2:00 DD 1178Rule Zion 1948 only - Sep 1 0:00 1:00 D 1179Rule Zion 1948 1949 - Nov 1 2:00 0 S 1180Rule Zion 1949 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D 1181Rule Zion 1950 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 D 1182Rule Zion 1950 only - Sep 15 3:00 0 S 1183Rule Zion 1951 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 1184Rule Zion 1951 only - Nov 11 3:00 0 S 1185Rule Zion 1952 only - Apr 20 2:00 1:00 D 1186Rule Zion 1952 only - Oct 19 3:00 0 S 1187Rule Zion 1953 only - Apr 12 2:00 1:00 D 1188Rule Zion 1953 only - Sep 13 3:00 0 S 1189Rule Zion 1954 only - Jun 13 0:00 1:00 D 1190Rule Zion 1954 only - Sep 12 0:00 0 S 1191Rule Zion 1955 only - Jun 11 2:00 1:00 D 1192Rule Zion 1955 only - Sep 11 0:00 0 S 1193Rule Zion 1956 only - Jun 3 0:00 1:00 D 1194Rule Zion 1956 only - Sep 30 3:00 0 S 1195Rule Zion 1957 only - Apr 29 2:00 1:00 D 1196Rule Zion 1957 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 1197Rule Zion 1974 only - Jul 7 0:00 1:00 D 1198Rule Zion 1974 only - Oct 13 0:00 0 S 1199Rule Zion 1975 only - Apr 20 0:00 1:00 D 1200Rule Zion 1975 only - Aug 31 0:00 0 S 1201Rule Zion 1985 only - Apr 14 0:00 1:00 D 1202Rule Zion 1985 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S 1203Rule Zion 1986 only - May 18 0:00 1:00 D 1204Rule Zion 1986 only - Sep 7 0:00 0 S 1205Rule Zion 1987 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 D 1206Rule Zion 1987 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S 1207 1208# From Avigdor Finkelstein (2014-03-05): 1209# I check the Parliament (Knesset) records and there it's stated that the 1210# [1988] transition should take place on Saturday night, when the Sabbath 1211# ends and changes to Sunday. 1212Rule Zion 1988 only - Apr 10 0:00 1:00 D 1213Rule Zion 1988 only - Sep 4 0:00 0 S 1214 1215# From Ephraim Silverberg 1216# (1997-03-04, 1998-03-16, 1998-12-28, 2000-01-17, 2000-07-25, 2004-12-22, 1217# and 2005-02-17): 1218 1219# According to the Office of the Secretary General of the Ministry of 1220# Interior, there is NO set rule for Daylight-Savings/Standard time changes. 1221# One thing is entrenched in law, however: that there must be at least 150 1222# days of daylight savings time annually. From 1993-1998, the change to 1223# daylight savings time was on a Friday morning from midnight IST to 1224# 1 a.m IDT; up until 1998, the change back to standard time was on a 1225# Saturday night from midnight daylight savings time to 11 p.m. standard 1226# time. 1996 is an exception to this rule where the change back to standard 1227# time took place on Sunday night instead of Saturday night to avoid 1228# conflicts with the Jewish New Year. In 1999, the change to 1229# daylight savings time was still on a Friday morning but from 1230# 2 a.m. IST to 3 a.m. IDT; furthermore, the change back to standard time 1231# was also on a Friday morning from 2 a.m. IDT to 1 a.m. IST for 1232# 1999 only. In the year 2000, the change to daylight savings time was 1233# similar to 1999, but although the change back will be on a Friday, it 1234# will take place from 1 a.m. IDT to midnight IST. Starting in 2001, all 1235# changes to/from will take place at 1 a.m. old time, but now there is no 1236# rule as to what day of the week it will take place in as the start date 1237# (except in 2003) is the night after the Passover Seder (i.e. the eve 1238# of the 16th of Nisan in the lunar Hebrew calendar) and the end date 1239# (except in 2002) is three nights before Yom Kippur [Day of Atonement] 1240# (the eve of the 7th of Tishrei in the lunar Hebrew calendar). 1241 1242# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1243Rule Zion 1989 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D 1244Rule Zion 1989 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S 1245Rule Zion 1990 only - Mar 25 0:00 1:00 D 1246Rule Zion 1990 only - Aug 26 0:00 0 S 1247Rule Zion 1991 only - Mar 24 0:00 1:00 D 1248Rule Zion 1991 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 S 1249Rule Zion 1992 only - Mar 29 0:00 1:00 D 1250Rule Zion 1992 only - Sep 6 0:00 0 S 1251Rule Zion 1993 only - Apr 2 0:00 1:00 D 1252Rule Zion 1993 only - Sep 5 0:00 0 S 1253 1254# The dates for 1994-1995 were obtained from Office of the Spokeswoman for the 1255# Ministry of Interior, Jerusalem, Israel. The spokeswoman can be reached by 1256# calling the office directly at 972-2-6701447 or 972-2-6701448. 1257 1258# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1259Rule Zion 1994 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 1260Rule Zion 1994 only - Aug 28 0:00 0 S 1261Rule Zion 1995 only - Mar 31 0:00 1:00 D 1262Rule Zion 1995 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S 1263 1264# The dates for 1996 were determined by the Minister of Interior of the 1265# time, Haim Ramon. The official announcement regarding 1996-1998 1266# (with the dates for 1997-1998 no longer being relevant) can be viewed at: 1267# 1268# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/1996-1998.ramon.ps.gz 1269# 1270# The dates for 1997-1998 were altered by his successor, Rabbi Eli Suissa. 1271# 1272# The official announcements for the years 1997-1999 can be viewed at: 1273# 1274# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/YYYY.ps.gz 1275# 1276# where YYYY is the relevant year. 1277 1278# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1279Rule Zion 1996 only - Mar 15 0:00 1:00 D 1280Rule Zion 1996 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 S 1281Rule Zion 1997 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 1282Rule Zion 1997 only - Sep 14 0:00 0 S 1283Rule Zion 1998 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 D 1284Rule Zion 1998 only - Sep 6 0:00 0 S 1285Rule Zion 1999 only - Apr 2 2:00 1:00 D 1286Rule Zion 1999 only - Sep 3 2:00 0 S 1287 1288# The Knesset Interior Committee has changed the dates for 2000 for 1289# the third time in just over a year and have set new dates for the 1290# years 2001-2004 as well. 1291# 1292# The official announcement for the start date of 2000 can be viewed at: 1293# 1294# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2000-start.ps.gz 1295# 1296# The official announcement for the end date of 2000 and the dates 1297# for the years 2001-2004 can be viewed at: 1298# 1299# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2000-2004.ps.gz 1300 1301# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1302Rule Zion 2000 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D 1303Rule Zion 2000 only - Oct 6 1:00 0 S 1304Rule Zion 2001 only - Apr 9 1:00 1:00 D 1305Rule Zion 2001 only - Sep 24 1:00 0 S 1306Rule Zion 2002 only - Mar 29 1:00 1:00 D 1307Rule Zion 2002 only - Oct 7 1:00 0 S 1308Rule Zion 2003 only - Mar 28 1:00 1:00 D 1309Rule Zion 2003 only - Oct 3 1:00 0 S 1310Rule Zion 2004 only - Apr 7 1:00 1:00 D 1311Rule Zion 2004 only - Sep 22 1:00 0 S 1312 1313# The proposed law agreed upon by the Knesset Interior Committee on 1314# 2005-02-14 is that, for 2005 and beyond, DST starts at 02:00 the 1315# last Friday before April 2nd (i.e. the last Friday in March or April 1316# 1st itself if it falls on a Friday) and ends at 02:00 on the Saturday 1317# night _before_ the fast of Yom Kippur. 1318# 1319# Those who can read Hebrew can view the announcement at: 1320# 1321# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2005+beyond.ps 1322 1323# From Paul Eggert (2012-10-26): 1324# I used Ephraim Silverberg's dst-israel.el program 1325# <ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/software/dst-israel.el> (2005-02-20) 1326# along with Ed Reingold's cal-hebrew in GNU Emacs 21.4, 1327# to generate the transitions from 2005 through 2012. 1328# (I replaced "lastFri" with "Fri>=26" by hand.) 1329# The spring transitions all correspond to the following Rule: 1330# 1331# Rule Zion 2005 2012 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 1332# 1333# but older zic implementations (e.g., Solaris 8) do not support 1334# "Fri>=26" to mean April 1 in years like 2005, so for now we list the 1335# springtime transitions explicitly. 1336 1337# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1338Rule Zion 2005 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 1339Rule Zion 2005 only - Oct 9 2:00 0 S 1340Rule Zion 2006 2010 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 1341Rule Zion 2006 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 S 1342Rule Zion 2007 only - Sep 16 2:00 0 S 1343Rule Zion 2008 only - Oct 5 2:00 0 S 1344Rule Zion 2009 only - Sep 27 2:00 0 S 1345Rule Zion 2010 only - Sep 12 2:00 0 S 1346Rule Zion 2011 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 1347Rule Zion 2011 only - Oct 2 2:00 0 S 1348Rule Zion 2012 only - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 1349Rule Zion 2012 only - Sep 23 2:00 0 S 1350 1351# From Ephraim Silverberg (2013-06-27): 1352# On June 23, 2013, the Israeli government approved changes to the 1353# Time Decree Law. The next day, the changes passed the First Reading 1354# in the Knesset. The law is expected to pass the Second and Third 1355# (final) Readings by the beginning of September 2013. 1356# 1357# As of 2013, DST starts at 02:00 on the Friday before the last Sunday 1358# in March. DST ends at 02:00 on the last Sunday of October. 1359 1360# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1361Rule Zion 2013 max - Mar Fri>=23 2:00 1:00 D 1362Rule Zion 2013 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S 1363 1364# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1365Zone Asia/Jerusalem 2:20:54 - LMT 1880
|
1358 2:20:40 - JMT 1918 # Jerusalem Mean Time?
|
1366 2:20:40 - JMT 1918 # Jerusalem Mean Time? |
1367 2:00 Zion I%sT 1368 1369 1370 1371############################################################################### 1372 1373# Japan 1374 1375# '9:00' and 'JST' is from Guy Harris. 1376 1377# From Paul Eggert (1995-03-06): 1378# Today's _Asahi Evening News_ (page 4) reports that Japan had 1379# daylight saving between 1948 and 1951, but "the system was discontinued 1380# because the public believed it would lead to longer working hours." 1381
|
1374# From Mayumi Negishi in the 2005-08-10 Japan Times
1375# <http://www.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/getarticle.pl5?nn20050810f2.htm>:
|
1382# From Mayumi Negishi in the 2005-08-10 Japan Times: 1383# http://www.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/getarticle.pl5?nn20050810f2.htm |
1384# Occupation authorities imposed daylight-saving time on Japan on 1385# [1948-05-01].... But lack of prior debate and the execution of 1386# daylight-saving time just three days after the bill was passed generated 1387# deep hatred of the concept.... The Diet unceremoniously passed a bill to 1388# dump the unpopular system in October 1951, less than a month after the San 1389# Francisco Peace Treaty was signed. (A government poll in 1951 showed 53% 1390# of the Japanese wanted to scrap daylight-saving time, as opposed to 30% who 1391# wanted to keep it.) 1392 1393# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 1394# Shanks & Pottenger write that DST in Japan during those years was as follows: 1395# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1396Rule Japan 1948 only - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D 1397Rule Japan 1948 1951 - Sep Sat>=8 2:00 0 S 1398Rule Japan 1949 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D 1399Rule Japan 1950 1951 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D 1400# but the only locations using it (for birth certificates, presumably, since 1401# their audience is astrologers) were US military bases. For now, assume 1402# that for most purposes daylight-saving time was observed; otherwise, what 1403# would have been the point of the 1951 poll? 1404 1405# From Hideyuki Suzuki (1998-11-09): 1406# 'Tokyo' usually stands for the former location of Tokyo Astronomical
|
1399# Observatory: 139 degrees 44' 40.90" E (9h 18m 58.727s), 35 degrees 39' 16.0" N.
|
1407# Observatory: 139 degrees 44' 40.90" E (9h 18m 58.727s), 1408# 35 degrees 39' 16.0" N. |
1409# This data is from 'Rika Nenpyou (Chronological Scientific Tables) 1996' 1410# edited by National Astronomical Observatory of Japan.... 1411# JST (Japan Standard Time) has been used since 1888-01-01 00:00 (JST). 1412# The law is enacted on 1886-07-07. 1413 1414# From Hideyuki Suzuki (1998-11-16): 1415# The ordinance No. 51 (1886) established "standard time" in Japan, 1416# which stands for the time on 135 degrees E. 1417# In the ordinance No. 167 (1895), "standard time" was renamed to "central 1418# standard time". And the same ordinance also established "western standard 1419# time", which stands for the time on 120 degrees E.... But "western standard 1420# time" was abolished in the ordinance No. 529 (1937). In the ordinance No. 1421# 167, there is no mention regarding for what place western standard time is 1422# standard.... 1423# 1424# I wrote "ordinance" above, but I don't know how to translate. 1425# In Japanese it's "chokurei", which means ordinance from emperor. 1426 1427# From Yu-Cheng Chuang (2013-07-12): 1428# ...the Meiji Emperor announced Ordinance No. 167 of Meiji Year 28 "The clause 1429# about standard time" ... The adoption began from Jan 1, 1896. 1430# http://ja.wikisource.org/wiki/������������������������_(���������) 1431# 1432# ...the Showa Emperor announced Ordinance No. 529 of Showa Year 12 ... which 1433# means the whole Japan territory, including later occupations, adopt Japan 1434# Central Time (UTC+9). The adoption began on Oct 1, 1937. 1435# http://ja.wikisource.org/wiki/��������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 1436 1437# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1438Zone Asia/Tokyo 9:18:59 - LMT 1887 Dec 31 15:00u 1439 9:00 - JST 1896 Jan 1 1440 9:00 - JCST 1937 Oct 1 1441 9:00 Japan J%sT 1442# Since 1938, all Japanese possessions have been like Asia/Tokyo. 1443 1444# Jordan 1445# 1446# From <http://star.arabia.com/990701/JO9.html> 1447# Jordan Week (1999-07-01) via Steffen Thorsen (1999-09-09): 1448# Clocks in Jordan were forwarded one hour on Wednesday at midnight, 1449# in accordance with the government's decision to implement summer time 1450# all year round. 1451# 1452# From <http://star.arabia.com/990930/JO9.html> 1453# Jordan Week (1999-09-30) via Steffen Thorsen (1999-11-09): 1454# Winter time starts today Thursday, 30 September. Clocks will be turned back 1455# by one hour. This is the latest government decision and it's final! 1456# The decision was taken because of the increase in working hours in 1457# government's departments from six to seven hours. 1458# 1459# From Paul Eggert (2005-11-22): 1460# Starting 2003 transitions are from Steffen Thorsen's web site timeanddate.com. 1461# 1462# From Steffen Thorsen (2005-11-23): 1463# For Jordan I have received multiple independent user reports every year 1464# about DST end dates, as the end-rule is different every year. 1465# 1466# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-10-01), after a heads-up from Hilal Malawi: 1467# http://www.petranews.gov.jo/nepras/2006/Sep/05/4000.htm 1468# "Jordan will switch to winter time on Friday, October 27". 1469# 1470 1471# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-04-02): 1472# This single one might be good enough, (2009-03-24, Arabic): 1473# http://petra.gov.jo/Artical.aspx?Lng=2&Section=8&Artical=95279 1474# 1475# Google's translation: 1476# 1477# > The Council of Ministers decided in 2002 to adopt the principle of timely 1478# > submission of the summer at 60 minutes as of midnight on the last Thursday 1479# > of the month of March of each year. 1480# 1481# So - this means the midnight between Thursday and Friday since 2002. 1482 1483# From Arthur David Olson (2009-04-06): 1484# We still have Jordan switching to DST on Thursdays in 2000 and 2001. 1485 1486# From Steffen Thorsen (2012-10-25): 1487# Yesterday the government in Jordan announced that they will not 1488# switch back to standard time this winter, so the will stay on DST 1489# until about the same time next year (at least). 1490# http://www.petra.gov.jo/Public_News/Nws_NewsDetails.aspx?NewsID=88950 1491 1492# From Steffen Thorsen (2013-12-11): 1493# Jordan Times and other sources say that Jordan is going back to 1494# UTC+2 on 2013-12-19 at midnight: 1495# http://jordantimes.com/govt-decides-to-switch-back-to-wintertime 1496# Official, in Arabic: 1497# http://www.petra.gov.jo/public_news/Nws_NewsDetails.aspx?Menu_ID=&Site_Id=2&lang=1&NewsID=133230&CatID=14 1498# ... Our background/permalink about it 1499# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/jordan-reverses-dst-decision.html 1500# ... 1501# http://www.petra.gov.jo/Public_News/Nws_NewsDetails.aspx?lang=2&site_id=1&NewsID=133313&Type=P 1502# ... says midnight for the coming one and 1:00 for the ones in the future 1503# (and they will use DST again next year, using the normal schedule). 1504 1505# From Paul Eggert (2013-12-11): 1506# As Steffen suggested, consider the past 21-month experiment to be DST. 1507 1508# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1509Rule Jordan 1973 only - Jun 6 0:00 1:00 S 1510Rule Jordan 1973 1975 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1511Rule Jordan 1974 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 1512Rule Jordan 1976 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 1513Rule Jordan 1977 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1514Rule Jordan 1978 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S 1515Rule Jordan 1978 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 - 1516Rule Jordan 1985 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 1517Rule Jordan 1985 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1518Rule Jordan 1986 1988 - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S 1519Rule Jordan 1986 1990 - Oct Fri>=1 0:00 0 - 1520Rule Jordan 1989 only - May 8 0:00 1:00 S 1521Rule Jordan 1990 only - Apr 27 0:00 1:00 S 1522Rule Jordan 1991 only - Apr 17 0:00 1:00 S 1523Rule Jordan 1991 only - Sep 27 0:00 0 - 1524Rule Jordan 1992 only - Apr 10 0:00 1:00 S 1525Rule Jordan 1992 1993 - Oct Fri>=1 0:00 0 - 1526Rule Jordan 1993 1998 - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S 1527Rule Jordan 1994 only - Sep Fri>=15 0:00 0 - 1528Rule Jordan 1995 1998 - Sep Fri>=15 0:00s 0 - 1529Rule Jordan 1999 only - Jul 1 0:00s 1:00 S 1530Rule Jordan 1999 2002 - Sep lastFri 0:00s 0 - 1531Rule Jordan 2000 2001 - Mar lastThu 0:00s 1:00 S 1532Rule Jordan 2002 2012 - Mar lastThu 24:00 1:00 S 1533Rule Jordan 2003 only - Oct 24 0:00s 0 - 1534Rule Jordan 2004 only - Oct 15 0:00s 0 - 1535Rule Jordan 2005 only - Sep lastFri 0:00s 0 - 1536Rule Jordan 2006 2011 - Oct lastFri 0:00s 0 - 1537Rule Jordan 2013 only - Dec 20 0:00 0 - 1538Rule Jordan 2014 max - Mar lastThu 24:00 1:00 S 1539Rule Jordan 2014 max - Oct lastFri 0:00s 0 - 1540# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1541Zone Asia/Amman 2:23:44 - LMT 1931 1542 2:00 Jordan EE%sT 1543 1544 1545# Kazakhstan 1546 1547# From Paul Eggert (1996-11-22): 1548# Andrew Evtichov (1996-04-13) writes that Kazakhstan 1549# stayed in sync with Moscow after 1990, and that Aqtobe (formerly Aktyubinsk) 1550# and Aqtau (formerly Shevchenko) are the largest cities in their zones. 1551# Guess that Aqtau and Aqtobe diverged in 1995, since that's the first time 1552# IATA SSIM mentions a third time zone in Kazakhstan. 1553 1554# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 1555# German Iofis, ELSI, Almaty (2001-10-09) reports that Kazakhstan uses 1556# RussiaAsia rules, instead of switching at 00:00 as the IATA has it. 1557# Go with Shanks & Pottenger, who have them always using RussiaAsia rules. 1558# Also go with the following claims of Shanks & Pottenger: 1559# 1560# - Kazakhstan did not observe DST in 1991. 1561# - Qyzylorda switched from +5:00 to +6:00 on 1992-01-19 02:00. 1562# - Oral switched from +5:00 to +4:00 in spring 1989. 1563 1564# From Kazakhstan Embassy's News Bulletin #11 1565# <http://www.kazsociety.org.uk/news/2005/03/30.htm> (2005-03-21): 1566# The Government of Kazakhstan passed a resolution March 15 abolishing 1567# daylight saving time citing lack of economic benefits and health 1568# complications coupled with a decrease in productivity. 1569# 1570# From Branislav Kojic (in Astana) via Gwillim Law (2005-06-28): 1571# ... what happened was that the former Kazakhstan Eastern time zone 1572# was "blended" with the Central zone. Therefore, Kazakhstan now has 1573# two time zones, and difference between them is one hour. The zone 1574# closer to UTC is the former Western zone (probably still called the 1575# same), encompassing four provinces in the west: Aqtobe, Atyrau, 1576# Mangghystau, and West Kazakhstan. The other zone encompasses 1577# everything else.... I guess that would make Kazakhstan time zones 1578# de jure UTC+5 and UTC+6 respectively. 1579 1580# 1581# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1582# 1583# Almaty (formerly Alma-Ata), representing most locations in Kazakhstan 1584Zone Asia/Almaty 5:07:48 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Alma-Ata 1585 5:00 - ALMT 1930 Jun 21 # Alma-Ata Time 1586 6:00 RussiaAsia ALM%sT 1991 1587 6:00 - ALMT 1992 1588 6:00 RussiaAsia ALM%sT 2005 Mar 15 1589 6:00 - ALMT 1590# Qyzylorda (aka Kyzylorda, Kizilorda, Kzyl-Orda, etc.) 1591Zone Asia/Qyzylorda 4:21:52 - LMT 1924 May 2 1592 4:00 - KIZT 1930 Jun 21 # Kizilorda Time 1593 5:00 - KIZT 1981 Apr 1 1594 5:00 1:00 KIZST 1981 Oct 1 1595 6:00 - KIZT 1982 Apr 1 1596 5:00 RussiaAsia KIZ%sT 1991 1597 5:00 - KIZT 1991 Dec 16 # independence
|
1589 5:00 - QYZT 1992 Jan 19 2:00
|
1598 5:00 - QYZT 1992 Jan 19 2:00 |
1599 6:00 RussiaAsia QYZ%sT 2005 Mar 15 1600 6:00 - QYZT
|
1592# Aqtobe (aka Aktobe, formerly Akt'ubinsk)
|
1601# Aqtobe (aka Aktobe, formerly Aktyubinsk) |
1602Zone Asia/Aqtobe 3:48:40 - LMT 1924 May 2 1603 4:00 - AKTT 1930 Jun 21 # Aktyubinsk Time 1604 5:00 - AKTT 1981 Apr 1 1605 5:00 1:00 AKTST 1981 Oct 1 1606 6:00 - AKTT 1982 Apr 1 1607 5:00 RussiaAsia AKT%sT 1991 1608 5:00 - AKTT 1991 Dec 16 # independence 1609 5:00 RussiaAsia AQT%sT 2005 Mar 15 # Aqtobe Time 1610 5:00 - AQTT 1611# Mangghystau 1612# Aqtau was not founded until 1963, but it represents an inhabited region, 1613# so include time stamps before 1963. 1614Zone Asia/Aqtau 3:21:04 - LMT 1924 May 2 1615 4:00 - FORT 1930 Jun 21 # Fort Shevchenko T 1616 5:00 - FORT 1963 1617 5:00 - SHET 1981 Oct 1 # Shevchenko Time 1618 6:00 - SHET 1982 Apr 1 1619 5:00 RussiaAsia SHE%sT 1991 1620 5:00 - SHET 1991 Dec 16 # independence
|
1612 5:00 RussiaAsia AQT%sT 1995 Mar lastSun 2:00 # Aqtau Time
|
1621 5:00 RussiaAsia AQT%sT 1995 Mar lastSun 2:00 # Aqtau Time |
1622 4:00 RussiaAsia AQT%sT 2005 Mar 15 1623 5:00 - AQTT 1624# West Kazakhstan 1625Zone Asia/Oral 3:25:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Ural'sk 1626 4:00 - URAT 1930 Jun 21 # Ural'sk time 1627 5:00 - URAT 1981 Apr 1 1628 5:00 1:00 URAST 1981 Oct 1 1629 6:00 - URAT 1982 Apr 1
|
1621 5:00 RussiaAsia URA%sT 1989 Mar 26 2:00
|
1630 5:00 RussiaAsia URA%sT 1989 Mar 26 2:00 |
1631 4:00 RussiaAsia URA%sT 1991 1632 4:00 - URAT 1991 Dec 16 # independence 1633 4:00 RussiaAsia ORA%sT 2005 Mar 15 # Oral Time 1634 5:00 - ORAT 1635 1636# Kyrgyzstan (Kirgizstan) 1637# Transitions through 1991 are from Shanks & Pottenger. 1638 1639# From Paul Eggert (2005-08-15): 1640# According to an article dated today in the Kyrgyzstan Development Gateway
|
1632# <http://eng.gateway.kg/cgi-bin/page.pl?id=1&story_name=doc9979.shtml>
|
1641# http://eng.gateway.kg/cgi-bin/page.pl?id=1&story_name=doc9979.shtml |
1642# Kyrgyzstan is canceling the daylight saving time system. I take the article 1643# to mean that they will leave their clocks at 6 hours ahead of UTC. 1644# From Malik Abdugaliev (2005-09-21): 1645# Our government cancels daylight saving time 6th of August 2005. 1646# From 2005-08-12 our GMT-offset is +6, w/o any daylight saving. 1647 1648# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1649Rule Kyrgyz 1992 1996 - Apr Sun>=7 0:00s 1:00 S 1650Rule Kyrgyz 1992 1996 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 1651Rule Kyrgyz 1997 2005 - Mar lastSun 2:30 1:00 S 1652Rule Kyrgyz 1997 2004 - Oct lastSun 2:30 0 - 1653# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1654Zone Asia/Bishkek 4:58:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 1655 5:00 - FRUT 1930 Jun 21 # Frunze Time
|
1647 6:00 RussiaAsia FRU%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
1648 5:00 1:00 FRUST 1991 Aug 31 2:00 # independence
1649 5:00 Kyrgyz KG%sT 2005 Aug 12 # Kyrgyzstan Time
|
1656 6:00 RussiaAsia FRU%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 1657 5:00 1:00 FRUST 1991 Aug 31 2:00 # independence 1658 5:00 Kyrgyz KG%sT 2005 Aug 12 # Kyrgyzstan Time |
1659 6:00 - KGT 1660 1661############################################################################### 1662 1663# Korea (North and South) 1664
|
1656# From Annie I. Bang (2006-07-10) in
1657# <http://www.koreaherald.co.kr/SITE/data/html_dir/2006/07/10/200607100012.asp>:
|
1665# From Annie I. Bang (2006-07-10): 1666# http://www.koreaherald.co.kr/SITE/data/html_dir/2006/07/10/200607100012.asp |
1667# The Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Energy has already 1668# commissioned a research project [to reintroduce DST] and has said 1669# the system may begin as early as 2008.... Korea ran a daylight 1670# saving program from 1949-61 but stopped it during the 1950-53 Korean War. 1671 1672# From Shanks & Pottenger: 1673# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1674Rule ROK 1960 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 D 1675Rule ROK 1960 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S 1676Rule ROK 1987 1988 - May Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 D 1677Rule ROK 1987 1988 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S 1678 1679# From Paul Eggert (2014-07-01): 1680# The following entries are from Shanks & Pottenger, except that I 1681# guessed that time zone abbreviations through 1945 followed the same 1682# rules as discussed under Taiwan, with nominal switches from JST to KST 1683# when the respective cities were taken over by the Allies after WWII. 1684 1685# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1686Zone Asia/Seoul 8:27:52 - LMT 1890 1687 8:30 - KST 1904 Dec 1688 9:00 - JCST 1928 1689 8:30 - KST 1932 1690 9:00 - JCST 1937 Oct 1 1691 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 8 1692 9:00 - KST 1954 Mar 21 1693 8:00 ROK K%sT 1961 Aug 10 1694 8:30 - KST 1968 Oct 1695 9:00 ROK K%sT 1696Zone Asia/Pyongyang 8:23:00 - LMT 1890 1697 8:30 - KST 1904 Dec 1698 9:00 - JCST 1928 1699 8:30 - KST 1932 1700 9:00 - JCST 1937 Oct 1 1701 9:00 - JST 1945 Aug 24 1702 9:00 - KST 1954 Mar 21 1703 8:00 - KST 1961 Aug 10 1704 9:00 - KST 1705 1706############################################################################### 1707 1708# Kuwait 1709# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1710Zone Asia/Kuwait 3:11:56 - LMT 1950 1711 3:00 - AST 1712 1713# Laos
|
1705# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1706Zone Asia/Vientiane 6:50:24 - LMT 1906 Jun 9 # or Viangchan
1707 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT?
1708 7:00 - ICT 1912 May
1709 8:00 - ICT 1931 May
1710 7:00 - ICT
|
1714# See Asia/Bangkok. |
1715
|
1716 |
1717# Lebanon 1718# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1719Rule Lebanon 1920 only - Mar 28 0:00 1:00 S 1720Rule Lebanon 1920 only - Oct 25 0:00 0 - 1721Rule Lebanon 1921 only - Apr 3 0:00 1:00 S 1722Rule Lebanon 1921 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 - 1723Rule Lebanon 1922 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S 1724Rule Lebanon 1922 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 - 1725Rule Lebanon 1923 only - Apr 22 0:00 1:00 S 1726Rule Lebanon 1923 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 - 1727Rule Lebanon 1957 1961 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 1728Rule Lebanon 1957 1961 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1729Rule Lebanon 1972 only - Jun 22 0:00 1:00 S 1730Rule Lebanon 1972 1977 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1731Rule Lebanon 1973 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 1732Rule Lebanon 1978 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S 1733Rule Lebanon 1978 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 - 1734Rule Lebanon 1984 1987 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 1735Rule Lebanon 1984 1991 - Oct 16 0:00 0 - 1736Rule Lebanon 1988 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S 1737Rule Lebanon 1989 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S 1738Rule Lebanon 1990 1992 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 1739Rule Lebanon 1992 only - Oct 4 0:00 0 - 1740Rule Lebanon 1993 max - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 1741Rule Lebanon 1993 1998 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 1742Rule Lebanon 1999 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 - 1743# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1744Zone Asia/Beirut 2:22:00 - LMT 1880 1745 2:00 Lebanon EE%sT 1746 1747# Malaysia 1748# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1749Rule NBorneo 1935 1941 - Sep 14 0:00 0:20 TS # one-Third Summer 1750Rule NBorneo 1935 1941 - Dec 14 0:00 0 - 1751# 1752# peninsular Malaysia
|
1748# The data here are taken from Mok Ly Yng (2003-10-30)
1749# <http://www.math.nus.edu.sg/aslaksen/teaching/timezone.html>.
|
1753# taken from Mok Ly Yng (2003-10-30) 1754# http://www.math.nus.edu.sg/aslaksen/teaching/timezone.html |
1755# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1756Zone Asia/Kuala_Lumpur 6:46:46 - LMT 1901 Jan 1 1757 6:55:25 - SMT 1905 Jun 1 # Singapore M.T. 1758 7:00 - MALT 1933 Jan 1 # Malaya Time 1759 7:00 0:20 MALST 1936 Jan 1 1760 7:20 - MALT 1941 Sep 1 1761 7:30 - MALT 1942 Feb 16 1762 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 12 1763 7:30 - MALT 1982 Jan 1 1764 8:00 - MYT # Malaysia Time 1765# Sabah & Sarawak
|
1761# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1762# The data here are mostly from Shanks & Pottenger, but the 1942, 1945 and 1982
1763# transition dates are from Mok Ly Yng.
|
1766# From Paul Eggert (2014-08-12): 1767# The data entries here are mostly from Shanks & Pottenger, but the 1942, 1945 1768# and 1982 transition dates are from Mok Ly Yng. |
1769# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1770Zone Asia/Kuching 7:21:20 - LMT 1926 Mar
|
1766 7:30 - BORT 1933 # Borneo Time
|
1771 7:30 - BORT 1933 # Borneo Time |
1772 8:00 NBorneo BOR%sT 1942 Feb 16 1773 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 12 1774 8:00 - BORT 1982 Jan 1 1775 8:00 - MYT 1776 1777# Maldives 1778# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
|
1774Zone Indian/Maldives 4:54:00 - LMT 1880 # Male
1775 4:54:00 - MMT 1960 # Male Mean Time
1776 5:00 - MVT # Maldives Time
|
1779Zone Indian/Maldives 4:54:00 - LMT 1880 # Male 1780 4:54:00 - MMT 1960 # Male Mean Time 1781 5:00 - MVT # Maldives Time |
1782 1783# Mongolia 1784 1785# Shanks & Pottenger say that Mongolia has three time zones, but 1786# The USNO (1995-12-21) and the CIA map Standard Time Zones of the World 1787# (2005-03) both say that it has just one. 1788 1789# From Oscar van Vlijmen (1999-12-11): 1790# General Information Mongolia 1791# <http://www.mongoliatourism.gov.mn/general.htm> (1999-09) 1792# "Time: Mongolia has two time zones. Three westernmost provinces of 1793# Bayan-��lgii, Uvs, and Hovd are one hour earlier than the capital city, and 1794# the rest of the country follows the Ulaanbaatar time, which is UTC/GMT plus 1795# eight hours." 1796 1797# From Rives McDow (1999-12-13): 1798# Mongolia discontinued the use of daylight savings time in 1999; 1998 1799# being the last year it was implemented. The dates of implementation I am 1800# unsure of, but most probably it was similar to Russia, except for the time 1801# of implementation may have been different.... 1802# Some maps in the past have indicated that there was an additional time 1803# zone in the eastern part of Mongolia, including the provinces of Dornod, 1804# S��khbaatar, and possibly Khentii. 1805 1806# From Paul Eggert (1999-12-15): 1807# Naming and spelling is tricky in Mongolia. 1808# We'll use Hovd (also spelled Chovd and Khovd) to represent the west zone; 1809# the capital of the Hovd province is sometimes called Hovd, sometimes Dund-Us, 1810# and sometimes Jirgalanta (with variant spellings), but the name Hovd 1811# is good enough for our purposes. 1812 1813# From Rives McDow (2001-05-13): 1814# In addition to Mongolia starting daylight savings as reported earlier 1815# (adopted DST on 2001-04-27 02:00 local time, ending 2001-09-28), 1816# there are three time zones. 1817# 1818# Provinces [at 7:00]: Bayan-��lgii, Uvs, Khovd, Zavkhan, Govi-Altai 1819# Provinces [at 8:00]: Kh��vsg��l, Bulgan, Arkhangai, Khentii, T��v, 1820# Bayankhongor, ��v��rkhangai, Dundgovi, Dornogovi, ��mn��govi 1821# Provinces [at 9:00]: Dornod, S��khbaatar 1822# 1823# [The province of Selenge is omitted from the above lists.] 1824 1825# From Ganbold Ts., Ulaanbaatar (2004-04-17): 1826# Daylight saving occurs at 02:00 local time last Saturday of March. 1827# It will change back to normal at 02:00 local time last Saturday of 1828# September.... As I remember this rule was changed in 2001. 1829# 1830# From Paul Eggert (2004-04-17): 1831# For now, assume Rives McDow's informant got confused about Friday vs 1832# Saturday, and that his 2001 dates should have 1 added to them. 1833 1834# From Paul Eggert (2005-07-26): 1835# We have wildly conflicting information about Mongolia's time zones. 1836# Bill Bonnet (2005-05-19) reports that the US Embassy in Ulaanbaatar says 1837# there is only one time zone and that DST is observed, citing Microsoft 1838# Windows XP as the source. Risto Nyk��nen (2005-05-16) reports that 1839# travelmongolia.org says there are two time zones (UTC+7, UTC+8) with no DST. 1840# Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-05-20) reports that the Mongolian Embassy in 1841# Washington, DC says there are two time zones, with DST observed. 1842# He also found
|
1838# <http://ubpost.mongolnews.mn/index.php?subaction=showcomments&id=1111634894&archive=&start_from=&ucat=1&>
|
1843# http://ubpost.mongolnews.mn/index.php?subaction=showcomments&id=1111634894&archive=&start_from=&ucat=1& |
1844# which also says that there is DST, and which has a comment by "Toddius" 1845# (2005-03-31 06:05 +0700) saying "Mongolia actually has 3.5 time zones. 1846# The West (OLGII) is +7 GMT, most of the country is ULAT is +8 GMT 1847# and some Eastern provinces are +9 GMT but S��khbaatar Aimag is SUHK +8.5 GMT. 1848# The SUKH timezone is new this year, it is one of the few things the 1849# parliament passed during the tumultuous winter session." 1850# For now, let's ignore this information, until we have more confirmation. 1851 1852# From Ganbold Ts. (2007-02-26): 1853# Parliament of Mongolia has just changed the daylight-saving rule in February. 1854# They decided not to adopt daylight-saving time.... 1855# http://www.mongolnews.mn/index.php?module=unuudur&sec=view&id=15742 1856 1857# From Deborah Goldsmith (2008-03-30): 1858# We received a bug report claiming that the tz database UTC offset for 1859# Asia/Choibalsan (GMT+09:00) is incorrect, and that it should be GMT 1860# +08:00 instead. Different sources appear to disagree with the tz 1861# database on this, e.g.: 1862# 1863# http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/city.html?n=1026 1864# http://www.worldtimeserver.com/current_time_in_MN.aspx 1865# 1866# both say GMT+08:00. 1867 1868# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-03-31): 1869# eznis airways, which operates several domestic flights, has a flight 1870# schedule here: 1871# http://www.eznis.com/Container.jsp?id=112 1872# (click the English flag for English) 1873# 1874# There it appears that flights between Choibalsan and Ulaanbaatar arrive 1875# about 1:35 - 1:50 hours later in local clock time, no matter the 1876# direction, while Ulaanbaatar-Khovd takes 2 hours in the Eastern 1877# direction and 3:35 back, which indicates that Ulaanbaatar and Khovd are 1878# in different time zones (like we know about), while Choibalsan and 1879# Ulaanbaatar are in the same time zone (correction needed). 1880 1881# From Arthur David Olson (2008-05-19): 1882# Assume that Choibalsan is indeed offset by 8:00. 1883# XXX--in the absence of better information, assume that transition 1884# was at the start of 2008-03-31 (the day of Steffen Thorsen's report); 1885# this is almost surely wrong. 1886 1887# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1888Rule Mongol 1983 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 1889Rule Mongol 1983 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1890# Shanks & Pottenger and IATA SSIM say 1990s switches occurred at 00:00, 1891# but McDow says the 2001 switches occurred at 02:00. Also, IATA SSIM 1892# (1996-09) says 1996-10-25. Go with Shanks & Pottenger through 1998. 1893# 1894# Shanks & Pottenger say that the Sept. 1984 through Sept. 1990 switches 1895# in Choibalsan (more precisely, in Dornod and S��khbaatar) took place 1896# at 02:00 standard time, not at 00:00 local time as in the rest of 1897# the country. That would be odd, and possibly is a result of their 1898# correction of 02:00 (in the previous edition) not being done correctly 1899# in the latest edition; so ignore it for now. 1900 1901Rule Mongol 1985 1998 - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 1902Rule Mongol 1984 1998 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 1903# IATA SSIM (1999-09) says Mongolia no longer observes DST. 1904Rule Mongol 2001 only - Apr lastSat 2:00 1:00 S 1905Rule Mongol 2001 2006 - Sep lastSat 2:00 0 - 1906Rule Mongol 2002 2006 - Mar lastSat 2:00 1:00 S 1907 1908# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1909# Hovd, a.k.a. Chovd, Dund-Us, Dzhargalant, Khovd, Jirgalanta 1910Zone Asia/Hovd 6:06:36 - LMT 1905 Aug
|
1906 6:00 - HOVT 1978 # Hovd Time
|
1911 6:00 - HOVT 1978 # Hovd Time |
1912 7:00 Mongol HOV%sT 1913# Ulaanbaatar, a.k.a. Ulan Bataar, Ulan Bator, Urga 1914Zone Asia/Ulaanbaatar 7:07:32 - LMT 1905 Aug
|
1910 7:00 - ULAT 1978 # Ulaanbaatar Time
|
1915 7:00 - ULAT 1978 # Ulaanbaatar Time |
1916 8:00 Mongol ULA%sT
|
1912# Choibalsan, a.k.a. Bajan Tuemen, Bajan Tumen, Chojbalsan,
|
1917# Choibalsan, a.k.a. Bajan T��men, Bajan Tumen, Chojbalsan, |
1918# Choybalsan, Sanbejse, Tchoibalsan 1919Zone Asia/Choibalsan 7:38:00 - LMT 1905 Aug 1920 7:00 - ULAT 1978 1921 8:00 - ULAT 1983 Apr 1922 9:00 Mongol CHO%sT 2008 Mar 31 # Choibalsan Time 1923 8:00 Mongol CHO%sT 1924 1925# Nepal 1926# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1927Zone Asia/Kathmandu 5:41:16 - LMT 1920 1928 5:30 - IST 1986 1929 5:45 - NPT # Nepal Time 1930 1931# Oman 1932 1933# Milne says 3:54:24 was the meridian of the Muscat Tidal Observatory. 1934 1935# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1936Zone Asia/Muscat 3:54:24 - LMT 1920 1937 4:00 - GST 1938 1939# Pakistan 1940 1941# From Rives McDow (2002-03-13): 1942# I have been advised that Pakistan has decided to adopt dst on a 1943# TRIAL basis for one year, starting 00:01 local time on April 7, 2002 1944# and ending at 00:01 local time October 6, 2002. This is what I was 1945# told, but I believe that the actual time of change may be 00:00; the 1946# 00:01 was to make it clear which day it was on. 1947 1948# From Paul Eggert (2002-03-15): 1949# Jesper N��rgaard found this URL: 1950# http://www.pak.gov.pk/public/news/app/app06_dec.htm 1951# (dated 2001-12-06) which says that the Cabinet adopted a scheme "to 1952# advance the clocks by one hour on the night between the first 1953# Saturday and Sunday of April and revert to the original position on 1954# 15th October each year". This agrees with McDow's 04-07 at 00:00, 1955# but disagrees about the October transition, and makes it sound like 1956# it's not on a trial basis. Also, the "between the first Saturday 1957# and Sunday of April" phrase, if taken literally, means that the 1958# transition takes place at 00:00 on the first Sunday on or after 04-02. 1959 1960# From Paul Eggert (2003-02-09): 1961# DAWN <http://www.dawn.com/2002/10/06/top13.htm> reported on 2002-10-05 1962# that 2002 DST ended that day at midnight. Go with McDow for now. 1963 1964# From Steffen Thorsen (2003-03-14): 1965# According to http://www.dawn.com/2003/03/07/top15.htm 1966# there will be no DST in Pakistan this year: 1967# 1968# ISLAMABAD, March 6: Information and Media Development Minister Sheikh 1969# Rashid Ahmed on Thursday said the cabinet had reversed a previous 1970# decision to advance clocks by one hour in summer and put them back by 1971# one hour in winter with the aim of saving light hours and energy. 1972# 1973# The minister told a news conference that the experiment had rather 1974# shown 8 per cent higher consumption of electricity. 1975 1976# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-15): 1977# 1978# Here is an article that Pakistan plan to introduce Daylight Saving Time 1979# on June 1, 2008 for 3 months. 1980#
|
1976# "... The federal cabinet on Wednesday announced a new conservation plan to help
1977# reduce load shedding by approving the closure of commercial centres at 9pm and
1978# moving clocks forward by one hour for the next three months.
1979# ...."
|
1981# "... The federal cabinet on Wednesday announced a new conservation plan to 1982# help reduce load shedding by approving the closure of commercial centres at 1983# 9pm and moving clocks forward by one hour for the next three months. ...." |
1984# 1985# http://www.worldtimezone.net/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan01.html 1986# http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2008%5C05%5C15%5Cstory_15-5-2008_pg1_4 1987 1988# From Arthur David Olson (2008-05-19): 1989# XXX--midnight transitions is a guess; 2008 only is a guess. 1990 1991# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2008-08-28): 1992# Pakistan government has decided to keep the watches one-hour advanced 1993# for another 2 months - plan to return to Standard Time on October 31 1994# instead of August 31. 1995# 1996# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan02.html 1997# http://dailymailnews.com/200808/28/news/dmbrn03.html 1998 1999# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-04-08): 2000# Based on previous media reports that "... proposed plan to 2001# advance clocks by one hour from May 1 will cause disturbance 2002# to the working schedules rather than bringing discipline in 2003# official working." 2004# http://www.thenews.com.pk/daily_detail.asp?id=171280 2005# 2006# recent news that instead of May 2009 - Pakistan plan to 2007# introduce DST from April 15, 2009 2008# 2009# FYI: Associated Press Of Pakistan 2010# April 08, 2009 2011# Cabinet okays proposal to advance clocks by one hour from April 15 2012# http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=73043&Itemid=1 2013# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan05.html 2014# 2015# .... 2016# The Federal Cabinet on Wednesday approved the proposal to 2017# advance clocks in the country by one hour from April 15 to 2018# conserve energy" 2019 2020# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-09-17): 2021# "The News International," Pakistan reports that: "The Federal 2022# Government has decided to restore the previous time by moving the 2023# clocks backward by one hour from October 1. A formal announcement to 2024# this effect will be made after the Prime Minister grants approval in 2025# this regard." 2026# http://www.thenews.com.pk/updates.asp?id=87168 2027 2028# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-09-28): 2029# According to Associated Press Of Pakistan, it is confirmed that
|
2026# Pakistan clocks across the country would be turned back by an hour from October
2027# 1, 2009.
|
2030# Pakistan clocks across the country would be turned back by an hour from 2031# October 1, 2009. |
2032# 2033# "Clocks to go back one hour from 1 Oct" 2034# http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=86715&Itemid=2 2035# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan07.htm
|
2032
2033# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-09-29):
2034# Alexander Krivenyshev wrote:
2035# > According to Associated Press Of Pakistan, it is confirmed that
2036# > Pakistan clocks across the country would be turned back by an hour from October
2037# > 1, 2009.
|
2036#
|
2037# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-09-29): |
2038# Now they seem to have changed their mind, November 1 is the new date: 2039# http://www.thenews.com.pk/top_story_detail.asp?Id=24742 2040# "The country's clocks will be reversed by one hour on November 1. 2041# Officials of Federal Ministry for Interior told this to Geo News on 2042# Monday." 2043# 2044# And more importantly, it seems that these dates will be kept every year: 2045# "It has now been decided that clocks will be wound forward by one hour 2046# on April 15 and reversed by an hour on November 1 every year without 2047# obtaining prior approval, the officials added." 2048# 2049# We have confirmed this year's end date with both with the Ministry of 2050# Water and Power and the Pakistan Electric Power Company: 2051# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/pakistan-ends-dst09.html 2052 2053# From Christoph G��hre (2009-10-01): 2054# [T]he German Consulate General in Karachi reported me today that Pakistan 2055# will go back to standard time on 1st of November. 2056 2057# From Steffen Thorsen (2010-03-26): 2058# Steffen Thorsen wrote: 2059# > On Thursday (2010-03-25) it was announced that DST would start in 2060# > Pakistan on 2010-04-01. 2061# > 2062# > Then today, the president said that they might have to revert the 2063# > decision if it is not supported by the parliament. So at the time 2064# > being, it seems unclear if DST will be actually observed or not - but 2065# > April 1 could be a more likely date than April 15. 2066# Now, it seems that the decision to not observe DST in final: 2067# 2068# "Govt Withdraws Plan To Advance Clocks" 2069# http://www.apakistannews.com/govt-withdraws-plan-to-advance-clocks-172041 2070# 2071# "People laud PM's announcement to end DST" 2072# http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=99374&Itemid=2 2073 2074# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 2075Rule Pakistan 2002 only - Apr Sun>=2 0:01 1:00 S 2076Rule Pakistan 2002 only - Oct Sun>=2 0:01 0 - 2077Rule Pakistan 2008 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S
|
2079Rule Pakistan 2008 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 -
|
2078Rule Pakistan 2008 2009 - Nov 1 0:00 0 - |
2079Rule Pakistan 2009 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 S
|
2081Rule Pakistan 2009 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 -
|
2080 2081# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2082Zone Asia/Karachi 4:28:12 - LMT 1907 2083 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep 2084 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 15 2085 5:30 - IST 1951 Sep 30 2086 5:00 - KART 1971 Mar 26 # Karachi Time 2087 5:00 Pakistan PK%sT # Pakistan Time 2088 2089# Palestine 2090 2091# From Amos Shapir (1998-02-15): 2092# 2093# From 1917 until 1948-05-15, all of Palestine, including the parts now 2094# known as the Gaza Strip and the West Bank, was under British rule. 2095# Therefore the rules given for Israel for that period, apply there too... 2096# 2097# The Gaza Strip was under Egyptian rule between 1948-05-15 until 1967-06-05 2098# (except a short occupation by Israel from 1956-11 till 1957-03, but no 2099# time zone was affected then). It was never formally annexed to Egypt, 2100# though. 2101# 2102# The rest of Palestine was under Jordanian rule at that time, formally 2103# annexed in 1950 as the West Bank (and the word "Trans" was dropped from 2104# the country's previous name of "the Hashemite Kingdom of the 2105# Trans-Jordan"). So the rules for Jordan for that time apply. Major 2106# towns in that area are Nablus (Shchem), El-Halil (Hebron), Ramallah, and 2107# East Jerusalem. 2108# 2109# Both areas were occupied by Israel in June 1967, but not annexed (except 2110# for East Jerusalem). They were on Israel time since then; there might 2111# have been a Military Governor's order about time zones, but I'm not aware 2112# of any (such orders may have been issued semi-annually whenever summer 2113# time was in effect, but maybe the legal aspect of time was just neglected). 2114# 2115# The Palestinian Authority was established in 1993, and got hold of most 2116# towns in the West Bank and Gaza by 1995. I know that in order to 2117# demonstrate...independence, they have been switching to 2118# summer time and back on a different schedule than Israel's, but I don't 2119# know when this was started, or what algorithm is used (most likely the 2120# Jordanian one). 2121# 2122# To summarize, the table should probably look something like that: 2123# 2124# Area \ when | 1918-1947 | 1948-1967 | 1967-1995 | 1996- 2125# ------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+----------- 2126# Israel | Zion | Zion | Zion | Zion 2127# West bank | Zion | Jordan | Zion | Jordan 2128# Gaza | Zion | Egypt | Zion | Jordan 2129# 2130# I guess more info may be available from the PA's web page (if/when they 2131# have one). 2132 2133# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 2134# Shanks & Pottenger write that Gaza did not observe DST until 1957, but go 2135# with Shapir and assume that it observed DST from 1940 through 1947, 2136# and that it used Jordanian rules starting in 1996. 2137# We don't yet need a separate entry for the West Bank, since 2138# the only differences between it and Gaza that we know about 2139# occurred before our cutoff date of 1970. 2140# However, as we get more information, we may need to add entries 2141# for parts of the West Bank as they transitioned from Israel's rules 2142# to Palestine's rules. 2143 2144# From IINS News Service - Israel - 1998-03-23 10:38:07 Israel time, 2145# forwarded by Ephraim Silverberg: 2146# 2147# Despite the fact that Israel changed over to daylight savings time 2148# last week, the PLO Authority (PA) has decided not to turn its clocks 2149# one-hour forward at this time. As a sign of independence from Israeli rule, 2150# the PA has decided to implement DST in April. 2151 2152# From Paul Eggert (1999-09-20): 2153# Daoud Kuttab writes in Holiday havoc
|
2156# <http://www.jpost.com/com/Archive/22.Apr.1999/Opinion/Article-2.html>
|
2154# http://www.jpost.com/com/Archive/22.Apr.1999/Opinion/Article-2.html |
2155# (Jerusalem Post, 1999-04-22) that 2156# the Palestinian National Authority changed to DST on 1999-04-15. 2157# I vaguely recall that they switch back in October (sorry, forgot the source). 2158# For now, let's assume that the spring switch was at 24:00, 2159# and that they switch at 0:00 on the 3rd Fridays of April and October. 2160 2161# From Paul Eggert (2005-11-22): 2162# Starting 2004 transitions are from Steffen Thorsen's web site timeanddate.com. 2163 2164# From Steffen Thorsen (2005-11-23): 2165# A user from Gaza reported that Gaza made the change early because of 2166# the Ramadan. Next year Ramadan will be even earlier, so I think 2167# there is a good chance next year's end date will be around two weeks 2168# earlier - the same goes for Jordan. 2169 2170# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-08-17): 2171# I was informed by a user in Bethlehem that in Bethlehem it started the 2172# same day as Israel, and after checking with other users in the area, I 2173# was informed that they started DST one day after Israel. I was not 2174# able to find any authoritative sources at the time, nor details if 2175# Gaza changed as well, but presumed Gaza to follow the same rules as 2176# the West Bank. 2177 2178# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-09-26): 2179# according to the Palestine News Network (2006-09-19): 2180# http://english.pnn.ps/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=596&Itemid=5 2181# > The Council of Ministers announced that this year its winter schedule 2182# > will begin early, as of midnight Thursday. It is also time to turn 2183# > back the clocks for winter. Friday will begin an hour late this week. 2184# I guess it is likely that next year's date will be moved as well, 2185# because of the Ramadan. 2186 2187# From Jesper N��rgaard Welen (2007-09-18): 2188# According to Steffen Thorsen's web site the Gaza Strip and the rest of the 2189# Palestinian territories left DST early on 13.th. of September at 2:00. 2190 2191# From Paul Eggert (2007-09-20): 2192# My understanding is that Gaza and the West Bank disagree even over when 2193# the weekend is (Thursday+Friday versus Friday+Saturday), so I'd be a bit 2194# surprised if they agreed about DST. But for now, assume they agree. 2195# For lack of better information, predict that future changes will be 2196# the 2nd Thursday of September at 02:00. 2197 2198# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2008-08-28): 2199# Here is an article, that Mideast running on different clocks at Ramadan. 2200# 2201# Gaza Strip (as Egypt) ended DST at midnight Thursday (Aug 28, 2008), while 2202# the West Bank will end Daylight Saving Time at midnight Sunday (Aug 31, 2008). 2203# 2204# http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/feedarticle/7759001 2205# http://www.abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory?id=5676087 2206# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip01.html 2207 2208# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-26): 2209# According to the Palestine News Network (arabic.pnn.ps), Palestinian 2210# government decided to start Daylight Time on Thursday night March 2211# 26 and continue until the night of 27 September 2009. 2212# 2213# (in Arabic) 2214# http://arabic.pnn.ps/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=50850 2215# 2216# (English translation) 2217# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_westbank01.html 2218 2219# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-08-31): 2220# Palestine's Council of Ministers announced that they will revert back to 2221# winter time on Friday, 2009-09-04. 2222# 2223# One news source: 2224# http://www.safa.ps/ara/?action=showdetail&seid=4158 2225# (Palestinian press agency, Arabic), 2226# Google translate: "Decided that the Palestinian government in Ramallah 2227# headed by Salam Fayyad, the start of work in time for the winter of 2228# 2009, starting on Friday approved the fourth delay Sept. clock sixty 2229# minutes per hour as of Friday morning." 2230# 2231# We are not sure if Gaza will do the same, last year they had a different 2232# end date, we will keep this page updated: 2233# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/westbank-gaza-dst-2009.html 2234 2235# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-09-02): 2236# Seems that Gaza Strip will go back to Winter Time same date as West Bank. 2237# 2238# According to Palestinian Ministry Of Interior, West Bank and Gaza Strip plan 2239# to change time back to Standard time on September 4, 2009. 2240# 2241# "Winter time unite the West Bank and Gaza" 2242# (from Palestinian National Authority): 2243# http://www.moi.gov.ps/en/?page=633167343250594025&nid=11505 2244# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip02.html 2245 2246# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-03-19): 2247# According to Voice of Palestine DST will last for 191 days, from March 2248# 26, 2010 till "the last Sunday before the tenth day of Tishri 2249# (October), each year" (October 03, 2010?) 2250# 2251# http://palvoice.org/forums/showthread.php?t=245697 2252# (in Arabic) 2253# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_westbank03.html 2254 2255# From Steffen Thorsen (2010-03-24): 2256# ...Ma'an News Agency reports that Hamas cabinet has decided it will 2257# start one day later, at 12:01am. Not sure if they really mean 12:01am or 2258# noon though: 2259# 2260# http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=271178 2261# (Ma'an News Agency) 2262# "At 12:01am Friday, clocks in Israel and the West Bank will change to 2263# 1:01am, while Gaza clocks will change at 12:01am Saturday morning." 2264 2265# From Steffen Thorsen (2010-08-11): 2266# According to several sources, including 2267# http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=306795 2268# the clocks were set back one hour at 2010-08-11 00:00:00 local time in 2269# Gaza and the West Bank. 2270# Some more background info: 2271# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/westbank-gaza-end-dst-2010.html 2272 2273# From Steffen Thorsen (2011-08-26): 2274# Gaza and the West Bank did go back to standard time in the beginning of 2275# August, and will now enter daylight saving time again on 2011-08-30 2276# 00:00 (so two periods of DST in 2011). The pause was because of 2277# Ramadan. 2278# 2279# http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=416217 2280# Additional info: 2281# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/palestine-dst-2011.html 2282 2283# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2011-08-27): 2284# According to the article in The Jerusalem Post: 2285# "...Earlier this month, the Palestinian government in the West Bank decided to 2286# move to standard time for 30 days, during Ramadan. The Palestinians in the 2287# Gaza Strip accepted the change and also moved their clocks one hour back. 2288# The Hamas government said on Saturday that it won't observe summertime after 2289# the Muslim feast of Id al-Fitr, which begins on Tuesday..." 2290# ... 2291# http://www.jpost.com/MiddleEast/Article.aspx?id=235650 2292# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip05.html 2293# The rules for Egypt are stolen from the 'africa' file. 2294 2295# From Steffen Thorsen (2011-09-30): 2296# West Bank did end Daylight Saving Time this morning/midnight (2011-09-30 2297# 00:00). 2298# So West Bank and Gaza now have the same time again. 2299# 2300# Many sources, including: 2301# http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=424808 2302 2303# From Steffen Thorsen (2012-03-26): 2304# Palestinian news sources tell that both Gaza and West Bank will start DST 2305# on Friday (Thursday midnight, 2012-03-29 24:00). 2306# Some of many sources in Arabic: 2307# http://www.samanews.com/index.php?act=Show&id=122638 2308# 2309# http://safa.ps/details/news/74352/%D8%A8%D8%AF%D8%A1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%8A%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B6%D9%81%D8%A9-%D9%88%D8%BA%D8%B2%D8%A9-%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A9.html 2310# 2311# Our brief summary: 2312# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/gaza-west-bank-dst-2012.html 2313 2314# From Steffen Thorsen (2013-03-26): 2315# The following news sources tells that Palestine will "start daylight saving 2316# time from midnight on Friday, March 29, 2013" (translated). 2317# [These are in Arabic and are for Gaza and for Ramallah, respectively.] 2318# http://www.samanews.com/index.php?act=Show&id=154120 2319# http://safa.ps/details/news/99844/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%87-%D8%A8%D8%AF%D8%A1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%8A%D9%81%D9%8A-29-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A.html 2320 2321# From Steffen Thorsen (2013-09-24): 2322# The Gaza and West Bank are ending DST Thursday at midnight 2323# (2013-09-27 00:00:00) (one hour earlier than last year...). 2324# This source in English, says "that winter time will go into effect 2325# at midnight on Thursday in the West Bank and Gaza Strip": 2326# http://english.wafa.ps/index.php?action=detail&id=23246 2327# official source...: 2328# http://www.palestinecabinet.gov.ps/ar/Views/ViewDetails.aspx?pid=1252 2329 2330# From Paul Eggert (2013-09-24): 2331# For future dates, guess the last Thursday in March at 24:00 through 2332# the first Friday on or after September 21 at 00:00. This is consistent with 2333# the predictions in today's editions of the following URLs, 2334# which are for Gaza and Hebron respectively: 2335# http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/timezone.html?n=702 2336# http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/timezone.html?n=2364 2337 2338# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 2339Rule EgyptAsia 1957 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S 2340Rule EgyptAsia 1957 1958 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 2341Rule EgyptAsia 1958 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 2342Rule EgyptAsia 1959 1967 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S 2343Rule EgyptAsia 1959 1965 - Sep 30 3:00 0 - 2344Rule EgyptAsia 1966 only - Oct 1 3:00 0 - 2345 2346Rule Palestine 1999 2005 - Apr Fri>=15 0:00 1:00 S 2347Rule Palestine 1999 2003 - Oct Fri>=15 0:00 0 - 2348Rule Palestine 2004 only - Oct 1 1:00 0 - 2349Rule Palestine 2005 only - Oct 4 2:00 0 - 2350Rule Palestine 2006 2007 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 2351Rule Palestine 2006 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 - 2352Rule Palestine 2007 only - Sep Thu>=8 2:00 0 - 2353Rule Palestine 2008 2009 - Mar lastFri 0:00 1:00 S 2354Rule Palestine 2008 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 - 2355Rule Palestine 2009 only - Sep Fri>=1 1:00 0 - 2356Rule Palestine 2010 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S 2357Rule Palestine 2010 only - Aug 11 0:00 0 - 2358Rule Palestine 2011 only - Apr 1 0:01 1:00 S 2359Rule Palestine 2011 only - Aug 1 0:00 0 - 2360Rule Palestine 2011 only - Aug 30 0:00 1:00 S 2361Rule Palestine 2011 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 - 2362Rule Palestine 2012 max - Mar lastThu 24:00 1:00 S 2363Rule Palestine 2012 only - Sep 21 1:00 0 - 2364Rule Palestine 2013 max - Sep Fri>=21 0:00 0 - 2365 2366# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2367Zone Asia/Gaza 2:17:52 - LMT 1900 Oct 2368 2:00 Zion EET 1948 May 15 2369 2:00 EgyptAsia EE%sT 1967 Jun 5 2370 2:00 Zion I%sT 1996 2371 2:00 Jordan EE%sT 1999
|
2374 2:00 Palestine EE%sT 2008 Aug 29 0:00
|
2372 2:00 Palestine EE%sT 2008 Aug 29 0:00 |
2373 2:00 - EET 2008 Sep 2374 2:00 Palestine EE%sT 2010
|
2377 2:00 - EET 2010 Mar 27 0:01
|
2375 2:00 - EET 2010 Mar 27 0:01 |
2376 2:00 Palestine EE%sT 2011 Aug 1 2377 2:00 - EET 2012 2378 2:00 Palestine EE%sT 2379 2380Zone Asia/Hebron 2:20:23 - LMT 1900 Oct 2381 2:00 Zion EET 1948 May 15 2382 2:00 EgyptAsia EE%sT 1967 Jun 5 2383 2:00 Zion I%sT 1996 2384 2:00 Jordan EE%sT 1999 2385 2:00 Palestine EE%sT 2386 2387# Paracel Is 2388# no information 2389 2390# Philippines 2391# On 1844-08-16, Narciso Claver��a, governor-general of the 2392# Philippines, issued a proclamation announcing that 1844-12-30 was to 2393# be immediately followed by 1845-01-01; see R.H. van Gent's 2394# History of the International Date Line
|
2397# <http://www.staff.science.uu.nl/~gent0113/idl/idl_philippines.htm>.
2398# The rest of the data are from Shanks & Pottenger.
|
2395# http://www.staff.science.uu.nl/~gent0113/idl/idl_philippines.htm 2396# The rest of the data entries are from Shanks & Pottenger. |
2397
|
2400# From Paul Eggert (2006-04-25):
2401# Tomorrow's Manila Standard reports that the Philippines Department of
2402# Trade and Industry is considering adopting DST this June when the
2403# rainy season begins. See
2404# <http://www.manilastandardtoday.com/?page=politics02_april26_2006>.
2405# For now, we'll ignore this, since it's not definite and we lack details.
2406#
|
2398# From Jesper N��rgaard Welen (2006-04-26): 2399# ... claims that Philippines had DST last time in 1990: 2400# http://story.philippinetimes.com/p.x/ct/9/id/145be20cc6b121c0/cid/3e5bbccc730d258c/ 2401# [a story dated 2006-04-25 by Cris Larano of Dow Jones Newswires, 2402# but no details] 2403
|
2404# From Paul Eggert (2014-08-14): 2405# The following source says DST may be instituted November-January and again 2406# March-June, but this is not definite. It also says DST was last proclaimed 2407# during the Ramos administration (1992-1998); but again, no details. 2408# Carcamo D. PNoy urged to declare use of daylight saving time. 2409# Philippine Star 2014-08-05 2410# http://www.philstar.com/headlines/2014/08/05/1354152/pnoy-urged-declare-use-daylight-saving-time 2411 |
2412# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 2413Rule Phil 1936 only - Nov 1 0:00 1:00 S 2414Rule Phil 1937 only - Feb 1 0:00 0 - 2415Rule Phil 1954 only - Apr 12 0:00 1:00 S 2416Rule Phil 1954 only - Jul 1 0:00 0 - 2417Rule Phil 1978 only - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 S 2418Rule Phil 1978 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 - 2419# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2420Zone Asia/Manila -15:56:00 - LMT 1844 Dec 31 2421 8:04:00 - LMT 1899 May 11 2422 8:00 Phil PH%sT 1942 May 2423 9:00 - JST 1944 Nov 2424 8:00 Phil PH%sT 2425 2426# Qatar 2427# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
|
2429Zone Asia/Qatar 3:26:08 - LMT 1920 # Al Dawhah / Doha
|
2428Zone Asia/Qatar 3:26:08 - LMT 1920 # Al Dawhah / Doha |
2429 4:00 - GST 1972 Jun 2430 3:00 - AST 2431 2432# Saudi Arabia 2433# 2434# From Paul Eggert (2014-07-15): 2435# Time in Saudi Arabia and other countries in the Arabian peninsula was not 2436# standardized until relatively recently; we don't know when, and possibly it 2437# has never been made official. Richard P Hunt, in "Islam city yielding to 2438# modern times", New York Times (1961-04-09), p 20, wrote that only airlines 2439# observed standard time, and that people in Jeddah mostly observed quasi-solar 2440# time, doing so by setting their watches at sunrise to 6 o'clock (or to 12 2441# o'clock for "Arab" time). 2442# 2443# The TZ database cannot represent quasi-solar time; airline time is the best 2444# we can do. The 1946 foreign air news digest of the U.S. Civil Aeronautics 2445# Board (OCLC 42299995) reported that the "... Arabian Government, inaugurated 2446# a weekly Dhahran-Cairo service, via the Saudi Arabian cities of Riyadh and 2447# Jidda, on March 14, 1947". Shanks & Pottenger guessed 1950; go with the 2448# earlier date. 2449# 2450# Shanks & Pottenger also state that until 1968-05-01 Saudi Arabia had two 2451# time zones; the other zone, at UTC+4, was in the far eastern part of 2452# the country. Ignore this, as it's before our 1970 cutoff. 2453# 2454# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2455Zone Asia/Riyadh 3:06:52 - LMT 1947 Mar 14 2456 3:00 - AST 2457 2458# Singapore
|
2460# The data here are taken from Mok Ly Yng (2003-10-30)
2461# <http://www.math.nus.edu.sg/aslaksen/teaching/timezone.html>.
|
2459# taken from Mok Ly Yng (2003-10-30) 2460# http://www.math.nus.edu.sg/aslaksen/teaching/timezone.html |
2461# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2462Zone Asia/Singapore 6:55:25 - LMT 1901 Jan 1 2463 6:55:25 - SMT 1905 Jun 1 # Singapore M.T. 2464 7:00 - MALT 1933 Jan 1 # Malaya Time 2465 7:00 0:20 MALST 1936 Jan 1 2466 7:20 - MALT 1941 Sep 1 2467 7:30 - MALT 1942 Feb 16 2468 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 12 2469 7:30 - MALT 1965 Aug 9 # independence 2470 7:30 - SGT 1982 Jan 1 # Singapore Time 2471 8:00 - SGT 2472 2473# Spratly Is 2474# no information 2475 2476# Sri Lanka 2477 2478# From Paul Eggert (2013-02-21): 2479# Milne says "Madras mean time use from May 1, 1898. Prior to this Colombo 2480# mean time, 5h. 4m. 21.9s. F., was used." But 5:04:21.9 differs considerably 2481# from Colombo's meridian 5:19:24, so for now ignore Milne and stick with 2482# Shanks and Pottenger. 2483 2484# From Paul Eggert (1996-09-03): 2485# "Sri Lanka advances clock by an hour to avoid blackout" 2486# (<http://www.virtual-pc.com/lankaweb/news/items/240596-2.html>, 1996-05-24, 2487# no longer available as of 1999-08-17) 2488# reported "the country's standard time will be put forward by one hour at 2489# midnight Friday (1830 GMT) 'in the light of the present power crisis'." 2490# 2491# From Dharmasiri Senanayake, Sri Lanka Media Minister (1996-10-24), as quoted 2492# by Shamindra in Daily News - Hot News Section 2493# <news:54rka5$m5h@mtinsc01-mgt.ops.worldnet.att.net> (1996-10-26): 2494# With effect from 12.30 a.m. on 26th October 1996 2495# Sri Lanka will be six (06) hours ahead of GMT. 2496 2497# From Jesper N��rgaard Welen (2006-04-14), quoting Sri Lanka News Online 2498# <http://news.sinhalaya.com/wmview.php?ArtID=11002> (2006-04-13): 2499# 0030 hrs on April 15, 2006 (midnight of April 14, 2006 +30 minutes) 2500# at present, become 2400 hours of April 14, 2006 (midnight of April 14, 2006). 2501 2502# From Peter Apps and Ranga Sirila of Reuters (2006-04-12) in:
|
2504# <http://today.reuters.co.uk/news/newsArticle.aspx?type=scienceNews&storyID=2006-04-12T172228Z_01_COL295762_RTRIDST_0_SCIENCE-SRILANKA-TIME-DC.XML>
|
2503# http://today.reuters.co.uk/news/newsArticle.aspx?type=scienceNews&storyID=2006-04-12T172228Z_01_COL295762_RTRIDST_0_SCIENCE-SRILANKA-TIME-DC.XML |
2504# [The Tamil Tigers] never accepted the original 1996 time change and simply 2505# kept their clocks set five and a half hours ahead of Greenwich Mean 2506# Time (GMT), in line with neighbor India. 2507# From Paul Eggert (2006-04-18): 2508# People who live in regions under Tamil control can use [TZ='Asia/Kolkata'], 2509# as that zone has agreed with the Tamil areas since our cutoff date of 1970. 2510 2511# From K Sethu (2006-04-25): 2512# I think the abbreviation LKT originated from the world of computers at 2513# the time of or subsequent to the time zone changes by SL Government 2514# twice in 1996 and probably SL Government or its standardization 2515# agencies never declared an abbreviation as a national standard. 2516# 2517# I recollect before the recent change the government announcements 2518# mentioning it as simply changing Sri Lanka Standard Time or Sri Lanka 2519# Time and no mention was made about the abbreviation. 2520# 2521# If we look at Sri Lanka Department of Government's "Official News 2522# Website of Sri Lanka" ... http://www.news.lk/ we can see that they 2523# use SLT as abbreviation in time stamp at the beginning of each news 2524# item.... 2525# 2526# Within Sri Lanka I think LKT is well known among computer users and 2527# administrators. In my opinion SLT may not be a good choice because the 2528# nation's largest telcom / internet operator Sri Lanka Telcom is well 2529# known by that abbreviation - simply as SLT (there IP domains are 2530# slt.lk and sltnet.lk). 2531# 2532# But if indeed our government has adopted SLT as standard abbreviation 2533# (that we have not known so far) then it is better that it be used for 2534# all computers. 2535 2536# From Paul Eggert (2006-04-25): 2537# One possibility is that we wait for a bit for the dust to settle down 2538# and then see what people actually say in practice. 2539 2540# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2541Zone Asia/Colombo 5:19:24 - LMT 1880
|
2543 5:19:32 - MMT 1906 # Moratuwa Mean Time
|
2542 5:19:32 - MMT 1906 # Moratuwa Mean Time |
2543 5:30 - IST 1942 Jan 5 2544 5:30 0:30 IHST 1942 Sep
|
2546 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 16 2:00
2547 5:30 - IST 1996 May 25 0:00
2548 6:30 - LKT 1996 Oct 26 0:30
2549 6:00 - LKT 2006 Apr 15 0:30
|
2545 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 16 2:00 2546 5:30 - IST 1996 May 25 0:00 2547 6:30 - LKT 1996 Oct 26 0:30 2548 6:00 - LKT 2006 Apr 15 0:30 |
2549 5:30 - IST 2550 2551# Syria 2552# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 2553Rule Syria 1920 1923 - Apr Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 S 2554Rule Syria 1920 1923 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 0 - 2555Rule Syria 1962 only - Apr 29 2:00 1:00 S 2556Rule Syria 1962 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 2557Rule Syria 1963 1965 - May 1 2:00 1:00 S 2558Rule Syria 1963 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 - 2559Rule Syria 1964 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 2560Rule Syria 1965 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 - 2561Rule Syria 1966 only - Apr 24 2:00 1:00 S 2562Rule Syria 1966 1976 - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 2563Rule Syria 1967 1978 - May 1 2:00 1:00 S 2564Rule Syria 1977 1978 - Sep 1 2:00 0 - 2565Rule Syria 1983 1984 - Apr 9 2:00 1:00 S 2566Rule Syria 1983 1984 - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 2567Rule Syria 1986 only - Feb 16 2:00 1:00 S 2568Rule Syria 1986 only - Oct 9 2:00 0 - 2569Rule Syria 1987 only - Mar 1 2:00 1:00 S 2570Rule Syria 1987 1988 - Oct 31 2:00 0 - 2571Rule Syria 1988 only - Mar 15 2:00 1:00 S 2572Rule Syria 1989 only - Mar 31 2:00 1:00 S 2573Rule Syria 1989 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 2574Rule Syria 1990 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 S 2575Rule Syria 1990 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 - 2576Rule Syria 1991 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 2577Rule Syria 1991 1992 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 2578Rule Syria 1992 only - Apr 8 0:00 1:00 S 2579Rule Syria 1993 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S 2580Rule Syria 1993 only - Sep 25 0:00 0 - 2581# IATA SSIM (1998-02) says 1998-04-02; 2582# (1998-09) says 1999-03-29 and 1999-09-29; (1999-02) says 1999-04-02, 2583# 2000-04-02, and 2001-04-02; (1999-09) says 2000-03-31 and 2001-03-31; 2584# (2006) says 2006-03-31 and 2006-09-22; 2585# for now ignore all these claims and go with Shanks & Pottenger, 2586# except for the 2006-09-22 claim (which seems right for Ramadan). 2587Rule Syria 1994 1996 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 2588Rule Syria 1994 2005 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 2589Rule Syria 1997 1998 - Mar lastMon 0:00 1:00 S 2590Rule Syria 1999 2006 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 2591# From Stephen Colebourne (2006-09-18): 2592# According to IATA data, Syria will change DST on 21st September [21:00 UTC] 2593# this year [only].... This is probably related to Ramadan, like Egypt. 2594Rule Syria 2006 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 - 2595# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-29): 2596# Today the AP reported "Syria will switch to summertime at midnight Thursday." 2597# http://www.iht.com/articles/ap/2007/03/29/africa/ME-GEN-Syria-Time-Change.php 2598Rule Syria 2007 only - Mar lastFri 0:00 1:00 S 2599# From Jesper N��rgaard (2007-10-27): 2600# The sister center ICARDA of my work CIMMYT is confirming that Syria DST will 2601# not take place 1st November at 0:00 o'clock but 1st November at 24:00 or 2602# rather Midnight between Thursday and Friday. This does make more sense than 2603# having it between Wednesday and Thursday (two workdays in Syria) since the 2604# weekend in Syria is not Saturday and Sunday, but Friday and Saturday. So now 2605# it is implemented at midnight of the last workday before weekend... 2606# 2607# From Steffen Thorsen (2007-10-27): 2608# Jesper N��rgaard Welen wrote: 2609# 2610# > "Winter local time in Syria will be observed at midnight of Thursday 1 2611# > November 2007, and the clock will be put back 1 hour." 2612# 2613# I found confirmation on this in this gov.sy-article (Arabic): 2614# http://wehda.alwehda.gov.sy/_print_veiw.asp?FileName=12521710520070926111247 2615# 2616# which using Google's translate tools says: 2617# Council of Ministers also approved the commencement of work on 2618# identifying the winter time as of Friday, 2/11/2007 where the 60th 2619# minute delay at midnight Thursday 1/11/2007. 2620Rule Syria 2007 only - Nov Fri>=1 0:00 0 - 2621 2622# From Stephen Colebourne (2008-03-17): 2623# For everyone's info, I saw an IATA time zone change for [Syria] for
|
2625# this month (March 2008) in the last day or so...This is the data IATA
2626# are now using:
|
2624# this month (March 2008) in the last day or so.... |
2625# Country Time Standard --- DST Start --- --- DST End --- DST 2626# Name Zone Variation Time Date Time Date 2627# Variation 2628# Syrian Arab 2629# Republic SY +0200 2200 03APR08 2100 30SEP08 +0300 2630# 2200 02APR09 2100 30SEP09 +0300 2631# 2200 01APR10 2100 30SEP10 +0300 2632 2633# From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-17): 2634# Here's a link to English-language coverage by the Syrian Arab News 2635# Agency (SANA)... 2636# http://www.sana.sy/eng/21/2008/03/11/165173.htm 2637# ...which reads (in part) "The Cabinet approved the suggestion of the 2638# Ministry of Electricity to begin daylight savings time on Friday April 2639# 4th, advancing clocks one hour ahead on midnight of Thursday April 3rd." 2640# Since Syria is two hours east of UTC, the 2200 and 2100 transition times 2641# shown above match up with midnight in Syria. 2642 2643# From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-18): 2644# My best guess at a Syrian rule is "the Friday nearest April 1"; 2645# coding that involves either using a "Mar Fri>=29" construct that old time zone 2646# compilers can't handle or having multiple Rules (a la Israel). 2647# For now, use "Apr Fri>=1", and go with IATA on a uniform Sep 30 end. 2648 2649# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-10-07): 2650# Syria has now officially decided to end DST on 2008-11-01 this year, 2651# according to the following article in the Syrian Arab News Agency (SANA). 2652# 2653# The article is in Arabic, and seems to tell that they will go back to 2654# winter time on 2008-11-01 at 00:00 local daylight time (delaying/setting 2655# clocks back 60 minutes). 2656# 2657# http://sana.sy/ara/2/2008/10/07/195459.htm 2658 2659# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-03-19): 2660# Syria will start DST on 2009-03-27 00:00 this year according to many sources, 2661# two examples: 2662# 2663# http://www.sana.sy/eng/21/2009/03/17/217563.htm 2664# (English, Syrian Arab News # Agency) 2665# http://thawra.alwehda.gov.sy/_View_news2.asp?FileName=94459258720090318012209 2666# (Arabic, gov-site) 2667# 2668# We have not found any sources saying anything about when DST ends this year. 2669# 2670# Our summary 2671# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/syria-dst-starts-march-27-2009.html 2672 2673# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-10-27): 2674# The Syrian Arab News Network on 2009-09-29 reported that Syria will 2675# revert back to winter (standard) time on midnight between Thursday 2676# 2009-10-29 and Friday 2009-10-30: 2677# http://www.sana.sy/ara/2/2009/09/29/247012.htm (Arabic) 2678 2679# From Arthur David Olson (2009-10-28): 2680# We'll see if future DST switching times turn out to be end of the last 2681# Thursday of the month or the start of the last Friday of the month or 2682# something else. For now, use the start of the last Friday. 2683 2684# From Steffen Thorsen (2010-03-17): 2685# The "Syrian News Station" reported on 2010-03-16 that the Council of 2686# Ministers has decided that Syria will start DST on midnight Thursday 2687# 2010-04-01: (midnight between Thursday and Friday): 2688# http://sns.sy/sns/?path=news/read/11421 (Arabic) 2689 2690# From Steffen Thorsen (2012-03-26): 2691# Today, Syria's government announced that they will start DST early on Friday 2692# (00:00). This is a bit earlier than the past two years. 2693# 2694# From Syrian Arab News Agency, in Arabic: 2695# http://www.sana.sy/ara/2/2012/03/26/408215.htm 2696# 2697# Our brief summary: 2698# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/syria-dst-2012.html 2699 2700# From Arthur David Olson (2012-03-27): 2701# Assume last Friday in March going forward XXX. 2702 2703Rule Syria 2008 only - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S 2704Rule Syria 2008 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 2705Rule Syria 2009 only - Mar lastFri 0:00 1:00 S 2706Rule Syria 2010 2011 - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S 2707Rule Syria 2012 max - Mar lastFri 0:00 1:00 S 2708Rule Syria 2009 max - Oct lastFri 0:00 0 - 2709 2710# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
|
2713Zone Asia/Damascus 2:25:12 - LMT 1920 # Dimashq
|
2711Zone Asia/Damascus 2:25:12 - LMT 1920 # Dimashq |
2712 2:00 Syria EE%sT 2713 2714# Tajikistan 2715# From Shanks & Pottenger. 2716# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2717Zone Asia/Dushanbe 4:35:12 - LMT 1924 May 2 2718 5:00 - DUST 1930 Jun 21 # Dushanbe Time
|
2721 6:00 RussiaAsia DUS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
2722 5:00 1:00 DUSST 1991 Sep 9 2:00s
2723 5:00 - TJT # Tajikistan Time
|
2719 6:00 RussiaAsia DUS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2720 5:00 1:00 DUSST 1991 Sep 9 2:00s 2721 5:00 - TJT # Tajikistan Time |
2722 2723# Thailand 2724# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2725Zone Asia/Bangkok 6:42:04 - LMT 1880 2726 6:42:04 - BMT 1920 Apr # Bangkok Mean Time 2727 7:00 - ICT
|
2728Link Asia/Bangkok Asia/Phnom_Penh # Cambodia 2729Link Asia/Bangkok Asia/Vientiane # Laos |
2730 2731# Turkmenistan 2732# From Shanks & Pottenger. 2733# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2734Zone Asia/Ashgabat 3:53:32 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Ashkhabad 2735 4:00 - ASHT 1930 Jun 21 # Ashkhabad Time
|
2736 5:00 RussiaAsia ASH%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00
|
2736 5:00 RussiaAsia ASH%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00 |
2737 4:00 RussiaAsia ASH%sT 1991 Oct 27 # independence
|
2738 4:00 RussiaAsia TM%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00
|
2738 4:00 RussiaAsia TM%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00 |
2739 5:00 - TMT 2740 2741# United Arab Emirates 2742# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2743Zone Asia/Dubai 3:41:12 - LMT 1920 2744 4:00 - GST 2745 2746# Uzbekistan
|
2747# Byalokoz 1919 says Uzbekistan was 4:27:53. |
2748# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
|
2748Zone Asia/Samarkand 4:27:12 - LMT 1924 May 2
|
2749Zone Asia/Samarkand 4:27:53 - LMT 1924 May 2 |
2750 4:00 - SAMT 1930 Jun 21 # Samarkand Time 2751 5:00 - SAMT 1981 Apr 1 2752 5:00 1:00 SAMST 1981 Oct 1 2753 6:00 - TAST 1982 Apr 1 # Tashkent Time 2754 5:00 RussiaAsia SAM%sT 1991 Sep 1 # independence 2755 5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1992 2756 5:00 - UZT 2757# Milne says Tashkent was 4:37:10.8; round to nearest. 2758Zone Asia/Tashkent 4:37:11 - LMT 1924 May 2 2759 5:00 - TAST 1930 Jun 21 # Tashkent Time
|
2759 6:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00
|
2760 6:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00 |
2761 5:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Sep 1 # independence 2762 5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1992 2763 5:00 - UZT 2764 2765# Vietnam 2766
|
2766# From Paul Eggert (2013-02-21):
|
2767# From Paul Eggert (2014-10-04): |
2768# Milne gives 7:16:56 for the meridian of Saigon in 1899, as being 2769# used in Lower Laos, Cambodia, and Annam. But this is quite a ways 2770# from Saigon's location. For now, ignore this and stick with Shanks
|
2770# and Pottenger.
|
2771# and Pottenger for LMT before 1906. |
2772 2773# From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-18): 2774# The English-language name of Vietnam's most populous city is "Ho Chi Minh 2775# City"; use Ho_Chi_Minh below to avoid a name of more than 14 characters. 2776
|
2776# From Shanks & Pottenger:
|
2777# From Paul Eggert (2014-10-21) after a heads-up from Tr���n Ng���c Qu��n: 2778# Tr���n Ti���n B��nh's authoritative book "L���ch Vi���t Nam: th��� k��� XX-XXI (1901-2100)" 2779# (Nh�� xu���t b���n V��n Ho�� - Th��ng Tin, Hanoi, 2005), pp 49-50, 2780# is quoted verbatim in: 2781# http://www.thoigian.com.vn/?mPage=P80D01 2782# is translated by Brian Inglis in: 2783# http://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2014-October/021654.html 2784# and is the basis for the information below. 2785# 2786# The 1906 transition was effective July 1 and standardized Indochina to 2787# Ph�� Li���n Observatory, legally 104 deg. 17'17" east of Paris. 2788# It's unclear whether this meant legal Paris Mean Time (00:09:21) or 2789# the Paris Meridian (2 deg. 20'14.03" E); the former yields 07:06:30.1333... 2790# and the latter 07:06:29.333... so either way it rounds to 07:06:30, 2791# which is used below even though the modern-day Ph�� Li���n Observatory 2792# is closer to 07:06:31. Abbreviate Ph�� Li���n Mean Time as PLMT. 2793# 2794# The following transitions occurred in Indochina in general (before 1954) 2795# and in South Vietnam in particular (after 1954): 2796# To 07:00 on 1911-05-01. 2797# To 08:00 on 1942-12-31 at 23:00. 2798# To 09:00 in 1945-03-14 at 23:00. 2799# To 07:00 on 1945-09-02 in Vietnam. 2800# To 08:00 on 1947-04-01 in French-controlled Indochina. 2801# To 07:00 on 1955-07-01 in South Vietnam. 2802# To 08:00 on 1959-12-31 at 23:00 in South Vietnam. 2803# To 07:00 on 1975-06-13 in South Vietnam. 2804# 2805# Tr���n cites the following sources; it's unclear which supplied the info above. 2806# 2807# Ho��ng Xu��n H��n: "L���ch v�� l���ch Vi���t Nam". T���p san Khoa h���c X�� h���i, 2808# No. 9, Paris, February 1982. 2809# 2810# L�� Th��nh L��n: "L���ch v�� ni��n bi���u l���ch s��� hai m����i th��� k��� (0001-2010)", 2811# NXB Th���ng k��, Hanoi, 2000. 2812# 2813# L�� Th��nh L��n: "L���ch hai th��� k��� (1802-2010) v�� c��c l���ch v��nh c���u", 2814# NXB Thu���n Ho��, Hu���, 1995. 2815 |
2816# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
|
2778Zone Asia/Ho_Chi_Minh 7:06:40 - LMT 1906 Jun 9
2779 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT?
2780 7:00 - ICT 1912 May
2781 8:00 - ICT 1931 May
|
2817Zone Asia/Ho_Chi_Minh 7:06:40 - LMT 1906 Jul 1 2818 7:06:30 - PLMT 1911 May 1 2819 7:00 - ICT 1942 Dec 31 23:00 2820 8:00 - IDT 1945 Mar 14 23:00 2821 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 2 2822 7:00 - ICT 1947 Apr 1 2823 8:00 - IDT 1955 Jul 1 2824 7:00 - ICT 1959 Dec 31 23:00 2825 8:00 - IDT 1975 Jun 13 |
2826 7:00 - ICT 2827 2828# Yemen 2829 2830# Milne says 2:59:54 was the meridian of the saluting battery at Aden, 2831# and that Yemen was at 1:55:56, the meridian of the Hagia Sophia. 2832 2833# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2834Zone Asia/Aden 2:59:54 - LMT 1950 2835 3:00 - AST
|