1# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of
2# 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson.
3
|
4# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
|
| 4# This file is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better, |
5# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
|
6# tz@iana.org for general use in the future).
|
6# tz@iana.org for general use in the future). For more, please see
7# the file CONTRIBUTING in the tz distribution. |
8
9# From Paul Eggert (2013-08-11):
10#
11# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is
12# Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition),
13# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003).
14#
15# Gwillim Law writes that a good source
16# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
17# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
18# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries
19# of the IATA's data after 1990.
20#
21# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks & Pottenger is the source for
22# entries through 1990, and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards.
23#
24# Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences,
25# Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which
26# I found in the UCLA library.
27#
28# For data circa 1899, a common source is:
|
28# Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94
29# <http://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359>.
|
29# Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94.
30# http://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359 |
31#
|
32# For Russian data circa 1919, a source is:
33# Byalokoz EL. New Counting of Time in Russia since July 1, 1919.
34# (See the 'europe' file for a fuller citation.)
35# |
36# A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is
37# Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997).
38#
39# I invented the abbreviations marked '*' in the following table;
40# the rest are from earlier versions of this file, or from other sources.
41# Corrections are welcome!
42# std dst
43# LMT Local Mean Time
44# 2:00 EET EEST Eastern European Time
45# 2:00 IST IDT Israel
46# 3:00 AST ADT Arabia*
47# 3:30 IRST IRDT Iran
48# 4:00 GST Gulf*
49# 5:30 IST India
|
45# 7:00 ICT Indochina*
|
| 50# 7:00 ICT Indochina, most times and locations* |
51# 7:00 WIB west Indonesia (Waktu Indonesia Barat)
52# 8:00 WITA central Indonesia (Waktu Indonesia Tengah)
53# 8:00 CST China
|
| 54# 8:00 IDT Indochina, 1943-45, 1947-55, 1960-75 (some locations)* |
55# 8:00 JWST Western Standard Time (Japan, 1896/1937)*
56# 9:00 JCST Central Standard Time (Japan, 1896/1937)
57# 9:00 WIT east Indonesia (Waktu Indonesia Timur)
58# 9:00 JST JDT Japan
59# 9:00 KST KDT Korea
60# 9:30 ACST Australian Central Standard Time
61#
62# See the 'europe' file for Russia and Turkey in Asia.
63
64# From Guy Harris:
65# Incorporates data for Singapore from Robert Elz' asia 1.1, as well as
66# additional information from Tom Yap, Sun Microsystems Intercontinental
67# Technical Support (including a page from the Official Airline Guide -
68# Worldwide Edition). The names for time zones are guesses.
69
70###############################################################################
71
72# These rules are stolen from the 'europe' file.
73# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
74Rule EUAsia 1981 max - Mar lastSun 1:00u 1:00 S
75Rule EUAsia 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 1:00u 0 -
76Rule EUAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u 0 -
77Rule E-EurAsia 1981 max - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
78Rule E-EurAsia 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 -
79Rule E-EurAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 -
80Rule RussiaAsia 1981 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
81Rule RussiaAsia 1981 1983 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
82Rule RussiaAsia 1984 1991 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 -
83Rule RussiaAsia 1985 1991 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S
84Rule RussiaAsia 1992 only - Mar lastSat 23:00 1:00 S
85Rule RussiaAsia 1992 only - Sep lastSat 23:00 0 -
86Rule RussiaAsia 1993 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S
87Rule RussiaAsia 1993 1995 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 -
88Rule RussiaAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 -
89
90# Afghanistan
91# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
92Zone Asia/Kabul 4:36:48 - LMT 1890
93 4:00 - AFT 1945
94 4:30 - AFT
95
96# Armenia
97# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
98# Shanks & Pottenger have Yerevan switching to 3:00 (with Russian DST)
99# in spring 1991, then to 4:00 with no DST in fall 1995, then
100# readopting Russian DST in 1997. Go with Shanks & Pottenger, even
101# when they disagree with others. Edgar Der-Danieliantz
102# reported (1996-05-04) that Yerevan probably wouldn't use DST
103# in 1996, though it did use DST in 1995. IATA SSIM (1991/1998) reports that
104# Armenia switched from 3:00 to 4:00 in 1998 and observed DST after 1991,
105# but started switching at 3:00s in 1998.
106
107# From Arthur David Olson (2011-06-15):
108# While Russia abandoned DST in 2011, Armenia may choose to
109# follow Russia's "old" rules.
110
111# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2012-02-10):
112# According to News Armenia, on Feb 9, 2012,
113# http://newsarmenia.ru/society/20120209/42609695.html
114#
115# The Armenia National Assembly adopted final reading of Amendments to the
116# Law "On procedure of calculation time on the territory of the Republic of
117# Armenia" according to which Armenia [is] abolishing Daylight Saving Time.
118# or
119# (brief)
120# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_armenia03.html
121# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
122Zone Asia/Yerevan 2:58:00 - LMT 1924 May 2
123 3:00 - YERT 1957 Mar # Yerevan Time
|
118 4:00 RussiaAsia YER%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
|
| 124 4:00 RussiaAsia YER%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s |
125 3:00 1:00 YERST 1991 Sep 23 # independence
|
120 3:00 RussiaAsia AM%sT 1995 Sep 24 2:00s
|
| 126 3:00 RussiaAsia AM%sT 1995 Sep 24 2:00s |
127 4:00 - AMT 1997
|
122 4:00 RussiaAsia AM%sT 2012 Mar 25 2:00s
|
| 128 4:00 RussiaAsia AM%sT 2012 Mar 25 2:00s |
129 4:00 - AMT
130
131# Azerbaijan
132# From Rustam Aliyev of the Azerbaijan Internet Forum (2005-10-23):
133# According to the resolution of Cabinet of Ministers, 1997
134# Resolution available at: http://aif.az/docs/daylight_res.pdf
135# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
136Rule Azer 1997 max - Mar lastSun 4:00 1:00 S
137Rule Azer 1997 max - Oct lastSun 5:00 0 -
138# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
139Zone Asia/Baku 3:19:24 - LMT 1924 May 2
140 3:00 - BAKT 1957 Mar # Baku Time
|
135 4:00 RussiaAsia BAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
|
| 141 4:00 RussiaAsia BAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s |
142 3:00 1:00 BAKST 1991 Aug 30 # independence
143 3:00 RussiaAsia AZ%sT 1992 Sep lastSat 23:00
|
138 4:00 - AZT 1996 # Azerbaijan time
|
| 144 4:00 - AZT 1996 # Azerbaijan Time |
145 4:00 EUAsia AZ%sT 1997
146 4:00 Azer AZ%sT
147
148# Bahrain
149# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
|
144Zone Asia/Bahrain 3:22:20 - LMT 1920 # Manamah
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| 150Zone Asia/Bahrain 3:22:20 - LMT 1920 # Manamah |
151 4:00 - GST 1972 Jun
152 3:00 - AST
153
154# Bangladesh
155# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-05-13):
156# According to newspaper Asian Tribune (May 6, 2009) Bangladesh may introduce
157# Daylight Saving Time from June 16 to Sept 30
158#
159# Bangladesh to introduce daylight saving time likely from June 16
160# http://www.asiantribune.com/?q=node/17288
161# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh02.html
162#
163# "... Bangladesh government has decided to switch daylight saving time from
164# June
165# 16 till September 30 in a bid to ensure maximum use of daylight to cope with
166# crippling power crisis. "
167#
168# The switch will remain in effect from June 16 to Sept 30 (2009) but if
169# implemented the next year, it will come in force from April 1, 2010
170
171# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-06-02):
172# They have finally decided now, but changed the start date to midnight between
173# the 19th and 20th, and they have not set the end date yet.
174#
175# Some sources:
176# http://in.reuters.com/article/southAsiaNews/idINIndia-40017620090601
177# http://bdnews24.com/details.php?id=85889&cid=2
178#
179# Our wrap-up:
180# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/bangladesh-daylight-saving-2009.html
181
182# From A. N. M. Kamrus Saadat (2009-06-15):
183# Finally we've got the official mail regarding DST start time where DST start
184# time is mentioned as Jun 19 2009, 23:00 from BTRC (Bangladesh
185# Telecommunication Regulatory Commission).
186#
187# No DST end date has been announced yet.
188
189# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-09-25):
190# Bangladesh won't go back to Standard Time from October 1, 2009,
191# instead it will continue DST measure till the cabinet makes a fresh decision.
192#
193# Following report by same newspaper-"The Daily Star Friday":
194# "DST change awaits cabinet decision-Clock won't go back by 1-hr from Oct 1"
195# http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=107021
196# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh04.html
197
198# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-10-13):
199# IANS (Indo-Asian News Service) now reports:
200# Bangladesh has decided that the clock advanced by an hour to make
201# maximum use of daylight hours as an energy saving measure would
202# "continue for an indefinite period."
203#
204# One of many places where it is published:
205# http://www.thaindian.com/newsportal/business/bangladesh-to-continue-indefinitely-with-advanced-time_100259987.html
206
207# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-12-24):
208# According to Bangladesh newspaper "The Daily Star,"
209# Bangladesh will change its clock back to Standard Time on Dec 31, 2009.
210#
211# Clock goes back 1-hr on Dec 31 night.
212# http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=119228
213# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh05.html
214#
215# "...The government yesterday decided to put the clock back by one hour
216# on December 31 midnight and the new time will continue until March 31,
217# 2010 midnight. The decision came at a cabinet meeting at the Prime
218# Minister's Office last night..."
219
220# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-03-22):
221# According to Bangladesh newspaper "The Daily Star,"
222# Cabinet cancels Daylight Saving Time
223# http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/latest_news.php?nid=22817
224# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh06.html
225
226# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
227Rule Dhaka 2009 only - Jun 19 23:00 1:00 S
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222Rule Dhaka 2009 only - Dec 31 23:59 0 -
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| 228Rule Dhaka 2009 only - Dec 31 24:00 0 - |
229
230# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
231Zone Asia/Dhaka 6:01:40 - LMT 1890
232 5:53:20 - HMT 1941 Oct # Howrah Mean Time?
233 6:30 - BURT 1942 May 15 # Burma Time
234 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep
235 6:30 - BURT 1951 Sep 30
236 6:00 - DACT 1971 Mar 26 # Dacca Time
237 6:00 - BDT 2009
238 6:00 Dhaka BD%sT
239
240# Bhutan
241# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
242Zone Asia/Thimphu 5:58:36 - LMT 1947 Aug 15 # or Thimbu
243 5:30 - IST 1987 Oct
244 6:00 - BTT # Bhutan Time
245
246# British Indian Ocean Territory
247# Whitman and the 1995 CIA time zone map say 5:00, but the
248# 1997 and later maps say 6:00. Assume the switch occurred in 1996.
249# We have no information as to when standard time was introduced;
250# assume it occurred in 1907, the same year as Mauritius (which
251# then contained the Chagos Archipelago).
252# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
253Zone Indian/Chagos 4:49:40 - LMT 1907
254 5:00 - IOT 1996 # BIOT Time
255 6:00 - IOT
256
257# Brunei
258# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
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253Zone Asia/Brunei 7:39:40 - LMT 1926 Mar # Bandar Seri Begawan
|
| 259Zone Asia/Brunei 7:39:40 - LMT 1926 Mar # Bandar Seri Begawan |
260 7:30 - BNT 1933
261 8:00 - BNT
262
263# Burma / Myanmar
264
265# Milne says 6:24:40 was the meridian of the time ball observatory at Rangoon.
266
267# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
|
262Zone Asia/Rangoon 6:24:40 - LMT 1880 # or Yangon
263 6:24:40 - RMT 1920 # Rangoon Mean Time?
264 6:30 - BURT 1942 May # Burma Time
265 9:00 - JST 1945 May 3
266 6:30 - MMT # Myanmar Time
|
268Zone Asia/Rangoon 6:24:40 - LMT 1880 # or Yangon
269 6:24:40 - RMT 1920 # Rangoon Mean Time?
270 6:30 - BURT 1942 May # Burma Time
271 9:00 - JST 1945 May 3
272 6:30 - MMT # Myanmar Time |
273
274# Cambodia
|
269# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
270Zone Asia/Phnom_Penh 6:59:40 - LMT 1906 Jun 9
271 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT?
272 7:00 - ICT 1912 May
273 8:00 - ICT 1931 May
274 7:00 - ICT
|
| 275# See Asia/Bangkok. |
276
|
| 277 |
278# China
279
280# From Guy Harris:
281# People's Republic of China. Yes, they really have only one time zone.
282
283# From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
284# No they don't. See TIME mag, 1986-02-17 p.52. Even though
285# China is across 4 physical time zones, before Feb 1, 1986 only the
286# Peking (Beijing) time zone was recognized. Since that date, China
287# has two of 'em - Peking's and ��r��mqi (named after the capital of
288# the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region). I don't know about DST for it.
289#
290# . . .I just deleted the DST table and this editor makes it too
291# painful to suck in another copy. So, here is what I have for
292# DST start/end dates for Peking's time zone (info from AP):
293#
294# 1986 May 4 - Sept 14
295# 1987 mid-April - ??
296
297# From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19):
298# CHINA 8 H AHEAD OF UTC ALL OF CHINA, INCL TAIWAN
299# CHINA 9 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 17 - SEP 10
300
301# From Paul Eggert (2008-02-11):
302# Jim Mann, "A clumsy embrace for another western custom: China on daylight
303# time - sort of", Los Angeles Times, 1986-05-05 ... [says] that China began
304# observing daylight saving time in 1986.
305
306# From Paul Eggert (2014-06-30):
307# Shanks & Pottenger have China switching to a single time zone in 1980, but
308# this doesn't seem to be correct. They also write that China observed summer
309# DST from 1986 through 1991, which seems to match the above commentary, so
310# go with them for DST rules as follows:
311# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
312Rule Shang 1940 only - Jun 3 0:00 1:00 D
313Rule Shang 1940 1941 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
314Rule Shang 1941 only - Mar 16 0:00 1:00 D
315Rule PRC 1986 only - May 4 0:00 1:00 D
316Rule PRC 1986 1991 - Sep Sun>=11 0:00 0 S
317Rule PRC 1987 1991 - Apr Sun>=10 0:00 1:00 D
318
319# From Anthony Fok (2001-12-20):
320# BTW, I did some research on-line and found some info regarding these five
321# historic timezones from some Taiwan websites. And yes, there are official
322# Chinese names for these locales (before 1949).
323#
324# From Jesper N��rgaard Welen (2006-07-14):
325# I have investigated the timezones around 1970 on the
326# http://www.astro.com/atlas site [with provinces and county
327# boundaries summarized below].... A few other exceptions were two
328# counties on the Sichuan side of the Xizang-Sichuan border,
329# counties Dege and Baiyu which lies on the Sichuan side and are
330# therefore supposed to be GMT+7, Xizang region being GMT+6, but Dege
331# county is GMT+8 according to astro.com while Baiyu county is GMT+6
332# (could be true), for the moment I am assuming that those two
333# counties are mistakes in the astro.com data.
334
335# From Paul Eggert (2014-06-30):
336# Alois Treindl kindly sent me translations of the following two sources:
337#
338# (1)
339# Guo Qingsheng (National Time-Service Center, CAS, Xi'an 710600, China)
340# Beijing Time at the Beginning of the PRC
341# China Historical Materials of Science and Technology
342# (Zhongguo ke ji shi liao, ������������������), Vol. 24, No. 1 (2003)
343# It gives evidence that at the beginning of the PRC, Beijing time was
344# officially apparent solar time! However, Guo also says that the
345# evidence is dubious, as the relevant institute of astronomy had not
346# been taken over by the PRC yet. It's plausible that apparent solar
347# time was announced but never implemented, and that people continued
348# to use UT+8. As the Shanghai radio station (and I presume the
349# observatory) was still under control of French missionaries, it
350# could well have ignored any such mandate.
351#
352# (2)
353# Guo Qing-sheng (Shaanxi Astronomical Observatory, CAS, Xi'an 710600, China)
354# A Study on the Standard Time Changes for the Past 100 Years in China
355# [undated and unknown publication location]
356# It says several things:
357# * The Qing dynasty used local apparent solar time throughout China.
358# * The Republic of China instituted Beijing mean solar time effective
359# the official calendar book of 1914.
360# * The French Concession in Shanghai set up signal stations in
|
359# French docks in the 1890s, controled by Xujiahui (Zikawei)
360# Obervatory and set to local mean time.
|
361# French docks in the 1890s, controlled by Xujiahui (Zikawei)
362# Observatory and set to local mean time. |
363# * "From the end of the 19th century" it changed to UT+8.
364# * Chinese Customs (by then reduced to a tool of foreign powers)
365# eventually standardized on this time for all ports, and it
366# became used by railways as well.
367# * In 1918 the Central Observatory proposed dividing China into
368# five time zones (see below for details). This caught on
369# at first only in coastal areas observing UT+8.
370# * During WWII all of China was in theory was at UT+7. In practice
371# this was ignored in the west, and I presume was ignored in
372# Japanese-occupied territory.
373# * Japanese-occupied Manchuria was at UT+9, i.e., Japan time.
374# * The five-zone plan was resurrected after WWII and officially put into
375# place (with some modifications) in March 1948. It's not clear
376# how well it was observed in areas under Nationalist control.
377# * The People's Liberation Army used UT+8 during the civil war.
378#
379# An AP article "Shanghai Internat'l Area Little Changed" in the
380# Lewiston (ME) Daily Sun (1939-05-29), p 17, said "Even the time is
381# different - the occupied districts going by Tokyo time, an hour
382# ahead of that prevailing in the rest of Shanghai." Guess that the
383# Xujiahui Observatory was under French control and stuck with UT+8.
384#
385# In earlier versions of this file, China had many separate Zone entries, but
|
384# this was based on what was apparently incorrect data in Shanks & Pottenger.
|
| 386# this was based on what were apparently incorrect data in Shanks & Pottenger. |
387# This has now been simplified to the two entries Asia/Shanghai and
388# Asia/Urumqi, with the others being links for backward compatibility.
389# Proposed in 1918 and theoretically in effect until 1949 (although in practice
390# mainly observed in coastal areas), the five zones were:
391#
392# Changbai Time ("Long-white Time", Long-white = Heilongjiang area) UT+8.5
393# Asia/Harbin (currently a link to Asia/Shanghai)
394# Heilongjiang (except Mohe county), Jilin
395#
396# Zhongyuan Time ("Central plain Time") UT+8
397# Asia/Shanghai
398# most of China
399# This currently represents most other zones as well,
400# as apparently these regions have been the same since 1970.
401# Milne gives 8:05:43.2 for Xujiahui Observatory time; round to nearest.
402# Guo says Shanghai switched to UT+8 "from the end of the 19th century".
403#
404# Long-shu Time (probably due to Long and Shu being two names of that area) UT+7
405# Asia/Chongqing (currently a link to Asia/Shanghai)
406# Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Ningxia, Sichuan, Shaanxi, and Yunnan;
407# most of Gansu; west Inner Mongolia; west Qinghai; and the Guangdong
408# counties Deqing, Enping, Kaiping, Luoding, Taishan, Xinxing,
409# Yangchun, Yangjiang, Yu'nan, and Yunfu.
410#
411# Xin-zang Time ("Xinjiang-Tibet Time") UT+6
412# Asia/Urumqi
413# This currently represents Kunlun Time as well,
414# as apparently the two regions have been the same since 1970.
415# The Gansu counties Aksay, Anxi, Dunhuang, Subei; west Qinghai;
416# the Guangdong counties Xuwen, Haikang, Suixi, Lianjiang,
417# Zhanjiang, Wuchuan, Huazhou, Gaozhou, Maoming, Dianbai, and Xinyi;
418# east Tibet, including Lhasa, Chamdo, Shigaise, Jimsar, Shawan and Hutubi;
419# east Xinjiang, including ��r��mqi, Turpan, Karamay, Korla, Minfeng, Jinghe,
420# Wusu, Qiemo, Xinyan, Wulanwusu, Jinghe, Yumin, Tacheng, Tuoli, Emin,
421# Shihezi, Changji, Yanqi, Heshuo, Tuokexun, Tulufan, Shanshan, Hami,
422# Fukang, Kuitun, Kumukuli, Miquan, Qitai, and Turfan.
423#
424# Kunlun Time UT+5.5
425# Asia/Kashgar (currently a link to Asia/Urumqi)
426# West Tibet, including Pulan, Aheqi, Shufu, Shule;
427# West Xinjiang, including Aksu, Atushi, Yining, Hetian, Cele, Luopu, Nileke,
428# Zhaosu, Tekesi, Gongliu, Chabuchaer, Huocheng, Bole, Pishan, Suiding,
429# and Yarkand.
430
431# From Luther Ma (2009-10-17):
432# Almost all (>99.9%) ethnic Chinese (properly ethnic Han) living in
433# Xinjiang use Chinese Standard Time. Some are aware of Xinjiang time,
434# but have no need of it. All planes, trains, and schools function on
435# what is called "Beijing time." When Han make an appointment in Chinese
436# they implicitly use Beijing time.
437#
438# On the other hand, ethnic Uyghurs, who make up about half the
439# population of Xinjiang, typically use "Xinjiang time" which is two
440# hours behind Beijing time, or UTC +0600. The government of the Xinjiang
441# Uyghur Autonomous Region, (XAUR, or just Xinjiang for short) as well as
442# local governments such as the ��r��mqi city government use both times in
443# publications, referring to what is popularly called Xinjiang time as
444# "��r��mqi time." When Uyghurs make an appointment in the Uyghur language
445# they almost invariably use Xinjiang time.
446#
447# (Their ethnic Han compatriots would typically have no clue of its
448# widespread use, however, because so extremely few of them are fluent in
449# Uyghur, comparable to the number of Anglo-Americans fluent in Navajo.)
450#
451# (...As with the rest of China there was a brief interval ending in 1990
452# or 1991 when summer time was in use. The confusion was severe, with
453# the province not having dual times but four times in use at the same
454# time. Some areas remained on standard Xinjiang time or Beijing time and
455# others moving their clocks ahead.)
456
457# From Luther Ma (2009-11-19):
458# With the risk of being redundant to previous answers these are the most common
459# English "transliterations" (w/o using non-English symbols):
460#
461# 1. Wulumuqi...
462# 2. Kashi...
463# 3. Urumqi...
464# 4. Kashgar...
465# ...
466# 5. It seems that Uyghurs in ��r��mqi has been using Xinjiang since at least the
467# 1960's. I know of one Han, now over 50, who grew up in the surrounding
468# countryside and used Xinjiang time as a child.
469#
470# 6. Likewise for Kashgar and the rest of south Xinjiang I don't know of any
471# start date for Xinjiang time.
472#
473# Without having access to local historical records, nor the ability to legally
474# publish them, I would go with October 1, 1949, when Xinjiang became the Uyghur
475# Autonomous Region under the PRC. (Before that Uyghurs, of course, would also
476# not be using Beijing time, but some local time.)
477
478# From David Cochrane (2014-03-26):
479# Just a confirmation that ��r��mqi time was implemented in ��r��mqi on 1 Feb 1986:
480# http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,960684,00.html
481
482# From Luther Ma (2014-04-22):
483# I have interviewed numerous people of various nationalities and from
484# different localities in Xinjiang and can confirm the information in Guo's
485# report regarding Xinjiang, as well as the Time article reference by David
486# Cochrane. Whether officially recognized or not (and both are officially
487# recognized), two separate times have been in use in Xinjiang since at least
488# the Cultural Revolution: Xinjiang Time (XJT), aka ��r��mqi Time or local time;
489# and Beijing Time. There is no confusion in Xinjiang as to which name refers
490# to which time. Both are widely used in the province, although in some
491# population groups might be use one to the exclusion of the other. The only
492# problem is that computers and smart phones list ��r��mqi (or Kashgar) as
493# having the same time as Beijing.
494
495# From Paul Eggert (2014-06-30):
496# In the early days of the PRC, Tibet was given its own time zone (UT+6) but
497# this was withdrawn in 1959 and never reinstated; see Tubten Kh��tsun,
498# Memories of life in Lhasa under Chinese Rule, Columbia U Press, ISBN
499# 978-0231142861 (2008), translator's introduction by Matthew Akester, p x.
500# As this is before our 1970 cutoff, Tibet doesn't need a separate zone.
501#
502# Xinjiang Time is well-documented as being officially recognized. E.g., see
503# "The Working-Calendar for The Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Government"
504# <http://www.sinkiang.gov.cn/service/ourworking/> (2014-04-22).
505# Unfortunately, we have no good records of time in Xinjiang before 1986.
|
504# During the 20th century parts of Xinjiang were ruled by the Qing dyansty,
|
| 506# During the 20th century parts of Xinjiang were ruled by the Qing dynasty, |
507# the Republic of China, various warlords, the First and Second East Turkestan
508# Republics, the Soviet Union, the Kuomintang, and the People's Republic of
509# China, and tracking down all these organizations' timekeeping rules would be
510# quite a trick. Approximate this lost history by a transition from LMT to
511# XJT at the start of 1928, the year of accession of the warlord Jin Shuren,
512# which happens to be the date given by Shanks & Pottenger (no doubt as a
513# guess) as the transition from LMT. Ignore the usage of UT+8 before
514# 1986-02-01 under the theory that the transition date to UT+8 is unknown and
515# that the sort of users who prefer Asia/Urumqi now typically ignored the
516# UT+8 mandate back then.
517
518# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
519# Beijing time, used throughout China; represented by Shanghai.
520Zone Asia/Shanghai 8:05:43 - LMT 1901
521 8:00 Shang C%sT 1949
522 8:00 PRC C%sT
523# Xinjiang time, used by many in western China; represented by ��r��mqi / ��r��mchi
524# / Wulumuqi. (Please use Asia/Shanghai if you prefer Beijing time.)
525Zone Asia/Urumqi 5:50:20 - LMT 1928
526 6:00 - XJT
527
528
529# Hong Kong (Xianggang)
530
531# Milne gives 7:36:41.7; round this.
532
533# From Lee Yiu Chung (2009-10-24):
534# I found there are some mistakes for the...DST rule for Hong
535# Kong. [According] to the DST record from Hong Kong Observatory (actually,
536# it is not [an] observatory, but the official meteorological agency of HK,
537# and also serves as the official timing agency), there are some missing
538# and incorrect rules. Although the exact switch over time is missing, I
539# think 3:30 is correct. The official DST record for Hong Kong can be
540# obtained from
541# http://www.hko.gov.hk/gts/time/Summertime.htm
542
543# From Arthur David Olson (2009-10-28):
544# Here are the dates given at
545# http://www.hko.gov.hk/gts/time/Summertime.htm
546# as of 2009-10-28:
547# Year Period
548# 1941 1 Apr to 30 Sep
549# 1942 Whole year
550# 1943 Whole year
551# 1944 Whole year
552# 1945 Whole year
553# 1946 20 Apr to 1 Dec
554# 1947 13 Apr to 30 Dec
555# 1948 2 May to 31 Oct
556# 1949 3 Apr to 30 Oct
557# 1950 2 Apr to 29 Oct
558# 1951 1 Apr to 28 Oct
559# 1952 6 Apr to 25 Oct
560# 1953 5 Apr to 1 Nov
561# 1954 21 Mar to 31 Oct
562# 1955 20 Mar to 6 Nov
563# 1956 18 Mar to 4 Nov
564# 1957 24 Mar to 3 Nov
565# 1958 23 Mar to 2 Nov
566# 1959 22 Mar to 1 Nov
567# 1960 20 Mar to 6 Nov
568# 1961 19 Mar to 5 Nov
569# 1962 18 Mar to 4 Nov
570# 1963 24 Mar to 3 Nov
571# 1964 22 Mar to 1 Nov
572# 1965 18 Apr to 17 Oct
573# 1966 17 Apr to 16 Oct
574# 1967 16 Apr to 22 Oct
575# 1968 21 Apr to 20 Oct
576# 1969 20 Apr to 19 Oct
577# 1970 19 Apr to 18 Oct
578# 1971 18 Apr to 17 Oct
579# 1972 16 Apr to 22 Oct
580# 1973 22 Apr to 21 Oct
581# 1973/74 30 Dec 73 to 20 Oct 74
582# 1975 20 Apr to 19 Oct
583# 1976 18 Apr to 17 Oct
584# 1977 Nil
585# 1978 Nil
586# 1979 13 May to 21 Oct
587# 1980 to Now Nil
588# The page does not give start or end times of day.
589# The page does not give a start date for 1942.
590# The page does not givw an end date for 1945.
591# The Japanese occupation of Hong Kong began on 1941-12-25.
592# The Japanese surrender of Hong Kong was signed 1945-09-15.
593# For lack of anything better, use start of those days as the transition times.
594
595# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
596Rule HK 1941 only - Apr 1 3:30 1:00 S
597Rule HK 1941 only - Sep 30 3:30 0 -
598Rule HK 1946 only - Apr 20 3:30 1:00 S
599Rule HK 1946 only - Dec 1 3:30 0 -
600Rule HK 1947 only - Apr 13 3:30 1:00 S
601Rule HK 1947 only - Dec 30 3:30 0 -
602Rule HK 1948 only - May 2 3:30 1:00 S
603Rule HK 1948 1951 - Oct lastSun 3:30 0 -
604Rule HK 1952 only - Oct 25 3:30 0 -
605Rule HK 1949 1953 - Apr Sun>=1 3:30 1:00 S
606Rule HK 1953 only - Nov 1 3:30 0 -
607Rule HK 1954 1964 - Mar Sun>=18 3:30 1:00 S
608Rule HK 1954 only - Oct 31 3:30 0 -
609Rule HK 1955 1964 - Nov Sun>=1 3:30 0 -
610Rule HK 1965 1976 - Apr Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S
611Rule HK 1965 1976 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 -
612Rule HK 1973 only - Dec 30 3:30 1:00 S
613Rule HK 1979 only - May Sun>=8 3:30 1:00 S
614Rule HK 1979 only - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 -
615# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
616Zone Asia/Hong_Kong 7:36:42 - LMT 1904 Oct 30
617 8:00 HK HK%sT 1941 Dec 25
618 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 15
619 8:00 HK HK%sT
620
621###############################################################################
622
623# Taiwan
624
625# From smallufo (2010-04-03):
626# According to Taiwan's CWB [Central Weather Bureau],
627# http://www.cwb.gov.tw/V6/astronomy/cdata/summert.htm
628# Taipei has DST in 1979 between July 1st and Sep 30.
629
630# From Yu-Cheng Chuang (2013-07-12):
631# On Dec 28, 1895, the Meiji Emperor announced Ordinance No. 167 of
632# Meiji Year 28 "The clause about standard time", mentioned that
633# Taiwan and Penghu Islands, as well as Yaeyama and Miyako Islands
634# (both in Okinawa) adopt the Western Standard Time which is based on
635# 120E. The adoption began from Jan 1, 1896. The original text can be
636# found on Wikisource:
637# http://ja.wikisource.org/wiki/������������������������_(���������)
638# ... This could be the first adoption of time zone in Taiwan, because
639# during the Qing Dynasty, it seems that there was no time zone
640# declared officially.
641#
642# Later, in the beginning of World War II, on Sep 25, 1937, the Showa
643# Emperor announced Ordinance No. 529 of Showa Year 12 "The clause of
644# revision in the ordinance No. 167 of Meiji year 28 about standard
645# time", in which abolished the adoption of Western Standard Time in
646# western islands (listed above), which means the whole Japan
647# territory, including later occupations, adopt Japan Central Time
648# (UTC+9). The adoption began on Oct 1, 1937. The original text can
649# be found on Wikisource:
650# http://ja.wikisource.org/wiki/���������������������������������������������������������������������������������
651#
652# That is, the time zone of Taipei switched to UTC+9 on Oct 1, 1937.
653
654# From Yu-Cheng Chuang (2014-07-02):
655# I've found more evidence about when the time zone was switched from UTC+9
656# back to UTC+8 after WW2. I believe it was on Sep 21, 1945. In a document
657# during Japanese era [1] in which the officer told the staff to change time
658# zone back to Western Standard Time (UTC+8) on Sep 21. And in another
659# history page of National Cheng Kung University [2], on Sep 21 there is a
660# note "from today, switch back to Western Standard Time". From these two
661# materials, I believe that the time zone change happened on Sep 21. And
662# today I have found another monthly journal called "The Astronomical Herald"
663# from The Astronomical Society of Japan [3] in which it mentioned the fact
664# that:
665#
666# 1. Standard Time of the Country (Japan) was adopted on Jan 1, 1888, using
667# the time at 135E (GMT+9)
668#
669# 2. Standard Time of the Country was renamed to Central Standard Time, on Jan
670# 1, 1898, and on the same day, the new territories Taiwan and Penghu islands,
671# as well as Yaeyama and Miyako islands, adopted a new time zone called
672# Western Standard Time, which is in GMT+8.
673#
674# 3. Western Standard Time was deprecated on Sep 30, 1937. From then all the
675# territories of Japan adopted the same time zone, which is Central Standard
676# Time.
677#
678# [1] Academica Historica, Taiwan:
679# http://163.29.208.22:8080/govsaleShowImage/connect_img.php?s=00101738900090036&e=00101738900090037
680# [2] Nat'l Cheng Kung University 70th Anniversary Special Site:
681# http://www.ncku.edu.tw/~ncku70/menu/001/01_01.htm
682# [3] Yukio Niimi, The Standard Time in Japan (1997), p.475:
683# http://www.asj.or.jp/geppou/archive_open/1997/pdf/19971001c.pdf
684
685# Yu-Cheng Chuang (2014-07-03):
686# I finally have found the real official gazette about changing back to
687# Western Standard Time on Sep 21 in Taiwan. It's Taiwan Governor-General
688# Bulletin No. 386 in Showa 20 years (1945), published on Sep 19, 1945. [1] ...
689# [It] abolishes Bulletin No. 207 in Showa 12 years (1937), which is a local
690# bulletin in Taiwan for that Ordinance No. 529. It also mentioned that 1am on
691# Sep 21, 1945 will be 12am on Sep 21. I think this bulletin is much more
692# official than the one I mentioned in my first mail, because it's from the
693# top-level government in Taiwan. If you're going to quote any resource, this
694# would be a good one.
695# [1] Taiwan Governor-General Gazette, No. 1018, Sep 19, 1945:
696# http://db2.th.gov.tw/db2/view/viewImg.php?imgcode=0072031018a&num=19&bgn=019&end=019&otherImg=&type=gener
697
698# From Yu-Cheng Chuang (2014-07-02):
699# In 1946, DST in Taiwan was from May 15 and ended on Sep 30. The info from
700# Central Weather Bureau website was not correct.
701#
702# Original Bulletin:
|
701# <http://subtpg.tpg.gov.tw/og/image2.asp?f=03502F0AKM1AF>
702# <http://subtpg.tpg.gov.tw/og/image2.asp?f=0350300AKM1B0> (cont.)
|
703# http://subtpg.tpg.gov.tw/og/image2.asp?f=03502F0AKM1AF
704# http://subtpg.tpg.gov.tw/og/image2.asp?f=0350300AKM1B0 (cont.) |
705#
706# In 1947, DST in Taiwan was expanded to Oct 31. There is a backup of that
707# telegram announcement from Taiwan Province Government:
708#
|
707# <http://subtpg.tpg.gov.tw/og/image2.asp?f=0360310AKZ431>
|
| 709# http://subtpg.tpg.gov.tw/og/image2.asp?f=0360310AKZ431 |
710#
711# Here is a brief translation:
712#
713# The Summer Time this year is adopted from midnight Apr 15 until Sep 20
714# midnight. To save (energy?) consumption, we're expanding Summer Time
|
713# adption till Oct 31 midnight.
|
| 715# adoption till Oct 31 midnight. |
716#
717# The Central Weather Bureau website didn't mention that, however it can
718# be found from historical government announcement database.
719
720# From Paul Eggert (2014-07-03):
721# As per Yu-Cheng Chuang, say that Taiwan was at UT+9 from 1937-10-01
722# until 1945-09-21 at 01:00, overriding Shanks & Pottenger.
723# Likewise, use Yu-Cheng Chuang's data for DST in Taiwan.
724
725# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
726Rule Taiwan 1946 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 D
727Rule Taiwan 1946 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
728Rule Taiwan 1947 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 D
729Rule Taiwan 1947 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 S
730Rule Taiwan 1948 1951 - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
731Rule Taiwan 1948 1951 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
732Rule Taiwan 1952 only - Mar 1 0:00 1:00 D
733Rule Taiwan 1952 1954 - Nov 1 0:00 0 S
734Rule Taiwan 1953 1959 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
735Rule Taiwan 1955 1961 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
736Rule Taiwan 1960 1961 - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D
737Rule Taiwan 1974 1975 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
738Rule Taiwan 1974 1975 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
739Rule Taiwan 1979 only - Jul 1 0:00 1:00 D
740Rule Taiwan 1979 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
741
742# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
743# Taipei or Taibei or T'ai-pei
744Zone Asia/Taipei 8:06:00 - LMT 1896 Jan 1
745 8:00 - JWST 1937 Oct 1
|
744 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 21 01:00
|
| 746 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 21 1:00 |
747 8:00 Taiwan C%sT
748
749# Macau (Macao, Aomen)
750# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
751Rule Macau 1961 1962 - Mar Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S
752Rule Macau 1961 1964 - Nov Sun>=1 3:30 0 -
753Rule Macau 1963 only - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 S
754Rule Macau 1964 only - Mar Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S
755Rule Macau 1965 only - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 S
756Rule Macau 1965 only - Oct 31 0:00 0 -
757Rule Macau 1966 1971 - Apr Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S
758Rule Macau 1966 1971 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 -
759Rule Macau 1972 1974 - Apr Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S
760Rule Macau 1972 1973 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 0 -
761Rule Macau 1974 1977 - Oct Sun>=15 3:30 0 -
762Rule Macau 1975 1977 - Apr Sun>=15 3:30 1:00 S
763Rule Macau 1978 1980 - Apr Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S
764Rule Macau 1978 1980 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 0 -
765# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
|
764Zone Asia/Macau 7:34:20 - LMT 1912
|
| 766Zone Asia/Macau 7:34:20 - LMT 1912 Jan 1 |
767 8:00 Macau MO%sT 1999 Dec 20 # return to China
768 8:00 PRC C%sT
769
770
771###############################################################################
772
773# Cyprus
774#
775# Milne says the Eastern Telegraph Company used 2:14:00. Stick with LMT.
776#
777# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
778Rule Cyprus 1975 only - Apr 13 0:00 1:00 S
779Rule Cyprus 1975 only - Oct 12 0:00 0 -
780Rule Cyprus 1976 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 S
781Rule Cyprus 1976 only - Oct 11 0:00 0 -
782Rule Cyprus 1977 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
783Rule Cyprus 1977 only - Sep 25 0:00 0 -
784Rule Cyprus 1978 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 -
785Rule Cyprus 1979 1997 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 -
786Rule Cyprus 1981 1998 - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
787# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
788Zone Asia/Nicosia 2:13:28 - LMT 1921 Nov 14
789 2:00 Cyprus EE%sT 1998 Sep
790 2:00 EUAsia EE%sT
791# IATA SSIM (1998-09) has Cyprus using EU rules for the first time.
792
793# Classically, Cyprus belongs to Asia; e.g. see Herodotus, Histories, I.72.
794# However, for various reasons many users expect to find it under Europe.
795Link Asia/Nicosia Europe/Nicosia
796
797# Georgia
798# From Paul Eggert (1994-11-19):
799# Today's _Economist_ (p 60) reports that Georgia moved its clocks forward
800# an hour recently, due to a law proposed by Zurab Murvanidze,
801# an MP who went on a hunger strike for 11 days to force discussion about it!
802# We have no details, but we'll guess they didn't move the clocks back in fall.
803#
804# From Mathew Englander, quoting AP (1996-10-23 13:05-04):
805# Instead of putting back clocks at the end of October, Georgia
806# will stay on daylight savings time this winter to save energy,
807# President Eduard Shevardnadze decreed Wednesday.
808#
809# From the BBC via Joseph S. Myers (2004-06-27):
810#
811# Georgia moved closer to Western Europe on Sunday... The former Soviet
812# republic has changed its time zone back to that of Moscow. As a result it
813# is now just four hours ahead of Greenwich Mean Time, rather than five hours
814# ahead. The switch was decreed by the pro-Western president of Georgia,
815# Mikheil Saakashvili, who said the change was partly prompted by the process
816# of integration into Europe.
817
818# From Teimuraz Abashidze (2005-11-07):
819# Government of Georgia ... decided to NOT CHANGE daylight savings time on
820# [Oct.] 30, as it was done before during last more than 10 years.
821# Currently, we are in fact GMT +4:00, as before 30 October it was GMT
822# +3:00.... The problem is, there is NO FORMAL LAW or governmental document
823# about it. As far as I can find, I was told, that there is no document,
824# because we just DIDN'T ISSUE document about switching to winter time....
825# I don't know what can be done, especially knowing that some years ago our
826# DST rules where changed THREE TIMES during one month.
827
|
826# Milne says Tbilisi (Tiflis) time was 2:59:05.7; round to nearest.)
|
828# Milne 1899 says Tbilisi (Tiflis) time was 2:59:05.7.
829# Byalokoz 1919 says Georgia was 2:59:11.
830# Go with Byalokoz. |
831
832# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
|
829Zone Asia/Tbilisi 2:59:06 - LMT 1880
830 2:59:06 - TBMT 1924 May 2 # Tbilisi Mean Time
|
833Zone Asia/Tbilisi 2:59:11 - LMT 1880
834 2:59:11 - TBMT 1924 May 2 # Tbilisi Mean Time |
835 3:00 - TBIT 1957 Mar # Tbilisi Time
|
832 4:00 RussiaAsia TBI%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
|
| 836 4:00 RussiaAsia TBI%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s |
837 3:00 1:00 TBIST 1991 Apr 9 # independence
|
834 3:00 RussiaAsia GE%sT 1992 # Georgia Time
|
| 838 3:00 RussiaAsia GE%sT 1992 # Georgia Time |
839 3:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 1994 Sep lastSun
840 4:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 1996 Oct lastSun
841 4:00 1:00 GEST 1997 Mar lastSun
842 4:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 2004 Jun 27
|
839 3:00 RussiaAsia GE%sT 2005 Mar lastSun 2:00
|
| 843 3:00 RussiaAsia GE%sT 2005 Mar lastSun 2:00 |
844 4:00 - GET
845
846# East Timor
847
848# See Indonesia for the 1945 transition.
849
850# From Jo��o Carrascal��o, brother of the former governor of East Timor, in
851# East Timor may be late for its millennium
852# <http://etan.org/et99c/december/26-31/30ETMAY.htm> (1999-12-26/31):
853# Portugal tried to change the time forward in 1974 because the sun
854# rises too early but the suggestion raised a lot of problems with the
855# Timorese and I still don't think it would work today because it
856# conflicts with their way of life.
857
858# From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04):
859# We don't have any record of the above attempt.
860# Most likely our records are incomplete, but we have no better data.
861
862# From Manoel de Almeida e Silva, Deputy Spokesman for the UN Secretary-General
863# http://www.hri.org/news/world/undh/2000/00-08-16.undh.html
864# (2000-08-16):
865# The Cabinet of the East Timor Transition Administration decided
866# today to advance East Timor's time by one hour. The time change,
867# which will be permanent, with no seasonal adjustment, will happen at
868# midnight on Saturday, September 16.
869
870# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
|
867Zone Asia/Dili 8:22:20 - LMT 1912
|
| 871Zone Asia/Dili 8:22:20 - LMT 1912 Jan 1 |
872 8:00 - TLT 1942 Feb 21 23:00 # E Timor Time
873 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 23
874 9:00 - TLT 1976 May 3
|
871 8:00 - WITA 2000 Sep 17 00:00
|
| 875 8:00 - WITA 2000 Sep 17 0:00 |
876 9:00 - TLT
877
878# India
879# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
|
876Zone Asia/Kolkata 5:53:28 - LMT 1880 # Kolkata
|
| 880Zone Asia/Kolkata 5:53:28 - LMT 1880 # Kolkata |
881 5:53:20 - HMT 1941 Oct # Howrah Mean Time?
882 6:30 - BURT 1942 May 15 # Burma Time
883 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep
884 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 15
885 5:30 - IST
886# The following are like Asia/Kolkata:
887# Andaman Is
888# Lakshadweep (Laccadive, Minicoy and Amindivi Is)
889# Nicobar Is
890
891# Indonesia
892#
|
893# From Paul Eggert (2014-09-06):
894# The 1876 Report of the Secretary of the [US] Navy, p 306 says that Batavia
895# civil time was 7:07:12.5; round to even for Jakarta.
896# |
897# From Gwillim Law (2001-05-28), overriding Shanks & Pottenger:
|
890# <http://www.sumatera-inc.com/go_to_invest/about_indonesia.asp#standtime>
|
| 898# http://www.sumatera-inc.com/go_to_invest/about_indonesia.asp#standtime |
899# says that Indonesia's time zones changed on 1988-01-01. Looking at some
900# time zone maps, I think that must refer to Western Borneo (Kalimantan Barat
901# and Kalimantan Tengah) switching from UTC+8 to UTC+7.
902#
903# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-10):
904# Here is another correction to Shanks & Pottenger.
905# JohnTWB writes that Japanese forces did not surrender control in
906# Indonesia until 1945-09-01 00:00 at the earliest (in Jakarta) and
907# other formal surrender ceremonies were September 9, 11, and 13, plus
908# September 12 for the regional surrender to Mountbatten in Singapore.
909# These would be the earliest possible times for a change.
910# R��gimes horaires pour le monde entier, by Henri Le Corre, (��ditions
911# Traditionnelles, 1987, Paris) says that Java and Madura switched
912# from JST to UTC+07:30 on 1945-09-23, and gives 1944-09-01 for Jayapura
913# (Hollandia). For now, assume all Indonesian locations other than Jayapura
914# switched on 1945-09-23.
915#
916# From Paul Eggert (2013-08-11):
917# Normally the tz database uses English-language abbreviations, but in
918# Indonesia it's typical to use Indonesian-language abbreviations even
919# when writing in English. For example, see the English-language
920# summary published by the Time and Frequency Laboratory of the
921# Research Center for Calibration, Instrumentation and Metrology,
922# Indonesia, <http://time.kim.lipi.go.id/time-eng.php> (2006-09-29).
923# The abbreviations are:
924#
925# WIB - UTC+7 - Waktu Indonesia Barat (Indonesia western time)
926# WITA - UTC+8 - Waktu Indonesia Tengah (Indonesia central time)
927# WIT - UTC+9 - Waktu Indonesia Timur (Indonesia eastern time)
928#
929# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
930# Java, Sumatra
931Zone Asia/Jakarta 7:07:12 - LMT 1867 Aug 10
932# Shanks & Pottenger say the next transition was at 1924 Jan 1 0:13,
933# but this must be a typo.
934 7:07:12 - BMT 1923 Dec 31 23:47:12 # Batavia
|
927 7:20 - JAVT 1932 Nov # Java Time
|
| 935 7:20 - JAVT 1932 Nov # Java Time |
936 7:30 - WIB 1942 Mar 23
937 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 23
938 7:30 - WIB 1948 May
939 8:00 - WIB 1950 May
940 7:30 - WIB 1964
941 7:00 - WIB
942# west and central Borneo
943Zone Asia/Pontianak 7:17:20 - LMT 1908 May
944 7:17:20 - PMT 1932 Nov # Pontianak MT
945 7:30 - WIB 1942 Jan 29
946 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 23
947 7:30 - WIB 1948 May
948 8:00 - WIB 1950 May
949 7:30 - WIB 1964
950 8:00 - WITA 1988 Jan 1
951 7:00 - WIB
952# Sulawesi, Lesser Sundas, east and south Borneo
953Zone Asia/Makassar 7:57:36 - LMT 1920
954 7:57:36 - MMT 1932 Nov # Macassar MT
955 8:00 - WITA 1942 Feb 9
956 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 23
957 8:00 - WITA
958# Maluku Islands, West Papua, Papua
959Zone Asia/Jayapura 9:22:48 - LMT 1932 Nov
960 9:00 - WIT 1944 Sep 1
961 9:30 - ACST 1964
962 9:00 - WIT
963
964# Iran
965
966# From Roozbeh Pournader (2003-03-15):
967# This is an English translation of what I just found (originally in Persian).
968# The Gregorian dates in brackets are mine:
969#
970# Official Newspaper No. 13548-1370/6/25 [1991-09-16]
971# No. 16760/T233 H 1370/6/10 [1991-09-01]
972#
973# The Rule About Change of the Official Time of the Country
974#
975# The Board of Ministers, in the meeting dated 1370/5/23 [1991-08-14],
976# based on the suggestion number 2221/D dated 1370/4/22 [1991-07-13]
977# of the Country's Organization for Official and Employment Affairs,
978# and referring to the law for equating the working hours of workers
979# and officers in the whole country dated 1359/4/23 [1980-07-14], and
980# for synchronizing the official times of the country, agreed that:
981#
982# The official time of the country will should move forward one hour
983# at the 24[:00] hours of the first day of Farvardin and should return
984# to its previous state at the 24[:00] hours of the 30th day of
985# Shahrivar.
986#
987# First Deputy to the President - Hassan Habibi
988#
989# From personal experience, that agrees with what has been followed
990# for at least the last 5 years. Before that, for a few years, the
991# date used was the first Thursday night of Farvardin and the last
992# Thursday night of Shahrivar, but I can't give exact dates....
993# I have also changed the abbreviations to what is considered correct
994# here in Iran, IRST for regular time and IRDT for daylight saving time.
995#
996# From Roozbeh Pournader (2005-04-05):
997# The text of the Iranian law, in effect since 1925, clearly mentions
998# that the true solar year is the measure, and there is no arithmetic
999# leap year calculation involved. There has never been any serious
1000# plan to change that law....
1001#
1002# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1003# Go with Shanks & Pottenger before Sept. 1991, and with Pournader thereafter.
1004# I used Ed Reingold's cal-persia in GNU Emacs 21.2 to check Persian dates,
1005# stopping after 2037 when 32-bit time_t's overflow.
1006# That cal-persia used Birashk's approximation, which disagrees with the solar
1007# calendar predictions for the year 2025, so I corrected those dates by hand.
1008#
1009# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-03-30), writing about future
1010# discrepancies between cal-persia and the Iranian calendar:
1011# For 2091 solar-longitude-after yields 2091-03-20 08:40:07.7 UT for
1012# the vernal equinox and that gets so close to 12:00 some local
1013# Iranian time that the definition of the correct location needs to be
1014# known exactly, amongst other factors. 2157 is even closer:
1015# 2157-03-20 08:37:15.5 UT. But the Gregorian year 2025 should give
1016# no interpretation problem whatsoever. By the way, another instant
1017# in the near future where there will be a discrepancy between
1018# arithmetical and astronomical Iranian calendars will be in 2058:
1019# vernal equinox on 2058-03-20 09:03:05.9 UT. The Java version of
1020# Reingold's/Dershowitz' calculator gives correctly the Gregorian date
1021# 2058-03-21 for 1 Farvardin 1437 (astronomical).
1022#
1023# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-03-22):
1024# Several of my users have reported that Iran will not observe DST anymore:
1025# http://www.irna.ir/en/news/view/line-17/0603193812164948.htm
1026#
1027# From Reuters (2007-09-16), with a heads-up from Jesper N��rgaard Welen:
1028# ... the Guardian Council ... approved a law on Sunday to re-introduce
1029# daylight saving time ...
1030# http://uk.reuters.com/article/oilRpt/idUKBLA65048420070916
1031#
1032# From Roozbeh Pournader (2007-11-05):
1033# This is quoted from Official Gazette of the Islamic Republic of
1034# Iran, Volume 63, Number 18242, dated Tuesday 1386/6/24
1035# [2007-10-16]. I am doing the best translation I can:...
1036# The official time of the country will be moved forward for one hour
1037# on the 24 hours of the first day of the month of Farvardin and will
1038# be changed back to its previous state on the 24 hours of the
1039# thirtieth day of Shahrivar.
1040#
1041# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1042Rule Iran 1978 1980 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D
1043Rule Iran 1978 only - Oct 21 0:00 0 S
1044Rule Iran 1979 only - Sep 19 0:00 0 S
1045Rule Iran 1980 only - Sep 23 0:00 0 S
1046Rule Iran 1991 only - May 3 0:00 1:00 D
1047Rule Iran 1992 1995 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D
1048Rule Iran 1991 1995 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
1049Rule Iran 1996 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D
1050Rule Iran 1996 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S
1051Rule Iran 1997 1999 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D
1052Rule Iran 1997 1999 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
1053Rule Iran 2000 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D
1054Rule Iran 2000 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S
1055Rule Iran 2001 2003 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D
1056Rule Iran 2001 2003 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
1057Rule Iran 2004 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D
1058Rule Iran 2004 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S
1059Rule Iran 2005 only - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D
1060Rule Iran 2005 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
1061Rule Iran 2008 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D
1062Rule Iran 2008 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S
1063Rule Iran 2009 2011 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D
1064Rule Iran 2009 2011 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
1065Rule Iran 2012 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D
1066Rule Iran 2012 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S
1067Rule Iran 2013 2015 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D
1068Rule Iran 2013 2015 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
1069Rule Iran 2016 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D
1070Rule Iran 2016 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S
1071Rule Iran 2017 2019 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D
1072Rule Iran 2017 2019 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
1073Rule Iran 2020 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D
1074Rule Iran 2020 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S
1075Rule Iran 2021 2023 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D
1076Rule Iran 2021 2023 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
1077Rule Iran 2024 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D
1078Rule Iran 2024 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S
1079Rule Iran 2025 2027 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D
1080Rule Iran 2025 2027 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
1081Rule Iran 2028 2029 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D
1082Rule Iran 2028 2029 - Sep 21 0:00 0 S
1083Rule Iran 2030 2031 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D
1084Rule Iran 2030 2031 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
1085Rule Iran 2032 2033 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D
1086Rule Iran 2032 2033 - Sep 21 0:00 0 S
1087Rule Iran 2034 2035 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D
1088Rule Iran 2034 2035 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
1089Rule Iran 2036 2037 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D
1090Rule Iran 2036 2037 - Sep 21 0:00 0 S
1091# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1092Zone Asia/Tehran 3:25:44 - LMT 1916
|
1085 3:25:44 - TMT 1946 # Tehran Mean Time
|
| 1093 3:25:44 - TMT 1946 # Tehran Mean Time |
1094 3:30 - IRST 1977 Nov
1095 4:00 Iran IR%sT 1979
1096 3:30 Iran IR%sT
1097
1098
1099# Iraq
1100#
1101# From Jonathan Lennox (2000-06-12):
1102# An article in this week's Economist ("Inside the Saddam-free zone", p. 50 in
1103# the U.S. edition) on the Iraqi Kurds contains a paragraph:
1104# "The three northern provinces ... switched their clocks this spring and
1105# are an hour ahead of Baghdad."
1106#
1107# But Rives McDow (2000-06-18) quotes a contact in Iraqi-Kurdistan as follows:
1108# In the past, some Kurdish nationalists, as a protest to the Iraqi
1109# Government, did not adhere to daylight saving time. They referred
1110# to daylight saving as Saddam time. But, as of today, the time zone
1111# in Iraqi-Kurdistan is on standard time with Baghdad, Iraq.
1112#
1113# So we'll ignore the Economist's claim.
1114
1115# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-03-10):
1116# The cabinet in Iraq abolished DST last week, according to the following
1117# news sources (in Arabic):
1118# http://www.aljeeran.net/wesima_articles/news-20080305-98602.html
1119# http://www.aswataliraq.info/look/article.tpl?id=2047&IdLanguage=17&IdPublication=4&NrArticle=71743&NrIssue=1&NrSection=10
1120#
1121# We have published a short article in English about the change:
1122# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/iraq-dumps-daylight-saving.html
1123
1124# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1125Rule Iraq 1982 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
1126Rule Iraq 1982 1984 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
1127Rule Iraq 1983 only - Mar 31 0:00 1:00 D
1128Rule Iraq 1984 1985 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
1129Rule Iraq 1985 1990 - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 S
1130Rule Iraq 1986 1990 - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 D
1131# IATA SSIM (1991/1996) says Apr 1 12:01am UTC; guess the ':01' is a typo.
1132# Shanks & Pottenger say Iraq did not observe DST 1992/1997; ignore this.
1133#
1134Rule Iraq 1991 2007 - Apr 1 3:00s 1:00 D
1135Rule Iraq 1991 2007 - Oct 1 3:00s 0 S
1136# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1137Zone Asia/Baghdad 2:57:40 - LMT 1890
|
1130 2:57:36 - BMT 1918 # Baghdad Mean Time?
|
| 1138 2:57:36 - BMT 1918 # Baghdad Mean Time? |
1139 3:00 - AST 1982 May
1140 3:00 Iraq A%sT
1141
1142
1143###############################################################################
1144
1145# Israel
1146
1147# From Ephraim Silverberg (2001-01-11):
1148#
1149# I coined "IST/IDT" circa 1988. Until then there were three
1150# different abbreviations in use:
1151#
1152# JST Jerusalem Standard Time [Danny Braniss, Hebrew University]
1153# IZT Israel Zonal (sic) Time [Prof. Haim Papo, Technion]
1154# EEST Eastern Europe Standard Time [used by almost everyone else]
1155#
1156# Since timezones should be called by country and not capital cities,
1157# I ruled out JST. As Israel is in Asia Minor and not Eastern Europe,
1158# EEST was equally unacceptable. Since "zonal" was not compatible with
1159# any other timezone abbreviation, I felt that 'IST' was the way to go
1160# and, indeed, it has received almost universal acceptance in timezone
1161# settings in Israeli computers.
1162#
1163# In any case, I am happy to share timezone abbreviations with India,
1164# high on my favorite-country list (and not only because my wife's
1165# family is from India).
1166
1167# From Shanks & Pottenger:
1168# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1169Rule Zion 1940 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D
1170Rule Zion 1942 1944 - Nov 1 0:00 0 S
1171Rule Zion 1943 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D
1172Rule Zion 1944 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
1173Rule Zion 1945 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 D
1174Rule Zion 1945 only - Nov 1 2:00 0 S
1175Rule Zion 1946 only - Apr 16 2:00 1:00 D
1176Rule Zion 1946 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 S
1177Rule Zion 1948 only - May 23 0:00 2:00 DD
1178Rule Zion 1948 only - Sep 1 0:00 1:00 D
1179Rule Zion 1948 1949 - Nov 1 2:00 0 S
1180Rule Zion 1949 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
1181Rule Zion 1950 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 D
1182Rule Zion 1950 only - Sep 15 3:00 0 S
1183Rule Zion 1951 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
1184Rule Zion 1951 only - Nov 11 3:00 0 S
1185Rule Zion 1952 only - Apr 20 2:00 1:00 D
1186Rule Zion 1952 only - Oct 19 3:00 0 S
1187Rule Zion 1953 only - Apr 12 2:00 1:00 D
1188Rule Zion 1953 only - Sep 13 3:00 0 S
1189Rule Zion 1954 only - Jun 13 0:00 1:00 D
1190Rule Zion 1954 only - Sep 12 0:00 0 S
1191Rule Zion 1955 only - Jun 11 2:00 1:00 D
1192Rule Zion 1955 only - Sep 11 0:00 0 S
1193Rule Zion 1956 only - Jun 3 0:00 1:00 D
1194Rule Zion 1956 only - Sep 30 3:00 0 S
1195Rule Zion 1957 only - Apr 29 2:00 1:00 D
1196Rule Zion 1957 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
1197Rule Zion 1974 only - Jul 7 0:00 1:00 D
1198Rule Zion 1974 only - Oct 13 0:00 0 S
1199Rule Zion 1975 only - Apr 20 0:00 1:00 D
1200Rule Zion 1975 only - Aug 31 0:00 0 S
1201Rule Zion 1985 only - Apr 14 0:00 1:00 D
1202Rule Zion 1985 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S
1203Rule Zion 1986 only - May 18 0:00 1:00 D
1204Rule Zion 1986 only - Sep 7 0:00 0 S
1205Rule Zion 1987 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 D
1206Rule Zion 1987 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S
1207
1208# From Avigdor Finkelstein (2014-03-05):
1209# I check the Parliament (Knesset) records and there it's stated that the
1210# [1988] transition should take place on Saturday night, when the Sabbath
1211# ends and changes to Sunday.
1212Rule Zion 1988 only - Apr 10 0:00 1:00 D
1213Rule Zion 1988 only - Sep 4 0:00 0 S
1214
1215# From Ephraim Silverberg
1216# (1997-03-04, 1998-03-16, 1998-12-28, 2000-01-17, 2000-07-25, 2004-12-22,
1217# and 2005-02-17):
1218
1219# According to the Office of the Secretary General of the Ministry of
1220# Interior, there is NO set rule for Daylight-Savings/Standard time changes.
1221# One thing is entrenched in law, however: that there must be at least 150
1222# days of daylight savings time annually. From 1993-1998, the change to
1223# daylight savings time was on a Friday morning from midnight IST to
1224# 1 a.m IDT; up until 1998, the change back to standard time was on a
1225# Saturday night from midnight daylight savings time to 11 p.m. standard
1226# time. 1996 is an exception to this rule where the change back to standard
1227# time took place on Sunday night instead of Saturday night to avoid
1228# conflicts with the Jewish New Year. In 1999, the change to
1229# daylight savings time was still on a Friday morning but from
1230# 2 a.m. IST to 3 a.m. IDT; furthermore, the change back to standard time
1231# was also on a Friday morning from 2 a.m. IDT to 1 a.m. IST for
1232# 1999 only. In the year 2000, the change to daylight savings time was
1233# similar to 1999, but although the change back will be on a Friday, it
1234# will take place from 1 a.m. IDT to midnight IST. Starting in 2001, all
1235# changes to/from will take place at 1 a.m. old time, but now there is no
1236# rule as to what day of the week it will take place in as the start date
1237# (except in 2003) is the night after the Passover Seder (i.e. the eve
1238# of the 16th of Nisan in the lunar Hebrew calendar) and the end date
1239# (except in 2002) is three nights before Yom Kippur [Day of Atonement]
1240# (the eve of the 7th of Tishrei in the lunar Hebrew calendar).
1241
1242# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1243Rule Zion 1989 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D
1244Rule Zion 1989 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S
1245Rule Zion 1990 only - Mar 25 0:00 1:00 D
1246Rule Zion 1990 only - Aug 26 0:00 0 S
1247Rule Zion 1991 only - Mar 24 0:00 1:00 D
1248Rule Zion 1991 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 S
1249Rule Zion 1992 only - Mar 29 0:00 1:00 D
1250Rule Zion 1992 only - Sep 6 0:00 0 S
1251Rule Zion 1993 only - Apr 2 0:00 1:00 D
1252Rule Zion 1993 only - Sep 5 0:00 0 S
1253
1254# The dates for 1994-1995 were obtained from Office of the Spokeswoman for the
1255# Ministry of Interior, Jerusalem, Israel. The spokeswoman can be reached by
1256# calling the office directly at 972-2-6701447 or 972-2-6701448.
1257
1258# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1259Rule Zion 1994 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
1260Rule Zion 1994 only - Aug 28 0:00 0 S
1261Rule Zion 1995 only - Mar 31 0:00 1:00 D
1262Rule Zion 1995 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S
1263
1264# The dates for 1996 were determined by the Minister of Interior of the
1265# time, Haim Ramon. The official announcement regarding 1996-1998
1266# (with the dates for 1997-1998 no longer being relevant) can be viewed at:
1267#
1268# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/1996-1998.ramon.ps.gz
1269#
1270# The dates for 1997-1998 were altered by his successor, Rabbi Eli Suissa.
1271#
1272# The official announcements for the years 1997-1999 can be viewed at:
1273#
1274# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/YYYY.ps.gz
1275#
1276# where YYYY is the relevant year.
1277
1278# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1279Rule Zion 1996 only - Mar 15 0:00 1:00 D
1280Rule Zion 1996 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 S
1281Rule Zion 1997 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D
1282Rule Zion 1997 only - Sep 14 0:00 0 S
1283Rule Zion 1998 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 D
1284Rule Zion 1998 only - Sep 6 0:00 0 S
1285Rule Zion 1999 only - Apr 2 2:00 1:00 D
1286Rule Zion 1999 only - Sep 3 2:00 0 S
1287
1288# The Knesset Interior Committee has changed the dates for 2000 for
1289# the third time in just over a year and have set new dates for the
1290# years 2001-2004 as well.
1291#
1292# The official announcement for the start date of 2000 can be viewed at:
1293#
1294# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2000-start.ps.gz
1295#
1296# The official announcement for the end date of 2000 and the dates
1297# for the years 2001-2004 can be viewed at:
1298#
1299# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2000-2004.ps.gz
1300
1301# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1302Rule Zion 2000 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
1303Rule Zion 2000 only - Oct 6 1:00 0 S
1304Rule Zion 2001 only - Apr 9 1:00 1:00 D
1305Rule Zion 2001 only - Sep 24 1:00 0 S
1306Rule Zion 2002 only - Mar 29 1:00 1:00 D
1307Rule Zion 2002 only - Oct 7 1:00 0 S
1308Rule Zion 2003 only - Mar 28 1:00 1:00 D
1309Rule Zion 2003 only - Oct 3 1:00 0 S
1310Rule Zion 2004 only - Apr 7 1:00 1:00 D
1311Rule Zion 2004 only - Sep 22 1:00 0 S
1312
1313# The proposed law agreed upon by the Knesset Interior Committee on
1314# 2005-02-14 is that, for 2005 and beyond, DST starts at 02:00 the
1315# last Friday before April 2nd (i.e. the last Friday in March or April
1316# 1st itself if it falls on a Friday) and ends at 02:00 on the Saturday
1317# night _before_ the fast of Yom Kippur.
1318#
1319# Those who can read Hebrew can view the announcement at:
1320#
1321# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2005+beyond.ps
1322
1323# From Paul Eggert (2012-10-26):
1324# I used Ephraim Silverberg's dst-israel.el program
1325# <ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/software/dst-israel.el> (2005-02-20)
1326# along with Ed Reingold's cal-hebrew in GNU Emacs 21.4,
1327# to generate the transitions from 2005 through 2012.
1328# (I replaced "lastFri" with "Fri>=26" by hand.)
1329# The spring transitions all correspond to the following Rule:
1330#
1331# Rule Zion 2005 2012 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D
1332#
1333# but older zic implementations (e.g., Solaris 8) do not support
1334# "Fri>=26" to mean April 1 in years like 2005, so for now we list the
1335# springtime transitions explicitly.
1336
1337# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1338Rule Zion 2005 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D
1339Rule Zion 2005 only - Oct 9 2:00 0 S
1340Rule Zion 2006 2010 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D
1341Rule Zion 2006 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 S
1342Rule Zion 2007 only - Sep 16 2:00 0 S
1343Rule Zion 2008 only - Oct 5 2:00 0 S
1344Rule Zion 2009 only - Sep 27 2:00 0 S
1345Rule Zion 2010 only - Sep 12 2:00 0 S
1346Rule Zion 2011 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D
1347Rule Zion 2011 only - Oct 2 2:00 0 S
1348Rule Zion 2012 only - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D
1349Rule Zion 2012 only - Sep 23 2:00 0 S
1350
1351# From Ephraim Silverberg (2013-06-27):
1352# On June 23, 2013, the Israeli government approved changes to the
1353# Time Decree Law. The next day, the changes passed the First Reading
1354# in the Knesset. The law is expected to pass the Second and Third
1355# (final) Readings by the beginning of September 2013.
1356#
1357# As of 2013, DST starts at 02:00 on the Friday before the last Sunday
1358# in March. DST ends at 02:00 on the last Sunday of October.
1359
1360# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1361Rule Zion 2013 max - Mar Fri>=23 2:00 1:00 D
1362Rule Zion 2013 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1363
1364# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1365Zone Asia/Jerusalem 2:20:54 - LMT 1880
|
1358 2:20:40 - JMT 1918 # Jerusalem Mean Time?
|
| 1366 2:20:40 - JMT 1918 # Jerusalem Mean Time? |
1367 2:00 Zion I%sT
1368
1369
1370
1371###############################################################################
1372
1373# Japan
1374
1375# '9:00' and 'JST' is from Guy Harris.
1376
1377# From Paul Eggert (1995-03-06):
1378# Today's _Asahi Evening News_ (page 4) reports that Japan had
1379# daylight saving between 1948 and 1951, but "the system was discontinued
1380# because the public believed it would lead to longer working hours."
1381
|
1374# From Mayumi Negishi in the 2005-08-10 Japan Times
1375# <http://www.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/getarticle.pl5?nn20050810f2.htm>:
|
1382# From Mayumi Negishi in the 2005-08-10 Japan Times:
1383# http://www.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/getarticle.pl5?nn20050810f2.htm |
1384# Occupation authorities imposed daylight-saving time on Japan on
1385# [1948-05-01].... But lack of prior debate and the execution of
1386# daylight-saving time just three days after the bill was passed generated
1387# deep hatred of the concept.... The Diet unceremoniously passed a bill to
1388# dump the unpopular system in October 1951, less than a month after the San
1389# Francisco Peace Treaty was signed. (A government poll in 1951 showed 53%
1390# of the Japanese wanted to scrap daylight-saving time, as opposed to 30% who
1391# wanted to keep it.)
1392
1393# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1394# Shanks & Pottenger write that DST in Japan during those years was as follows:
1395# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1396Rule Japan 1948 only - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1397Rule Japan 1948 1951 - Sep Sat>=8 2:00 0 S
1398Rule Japan 1949 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1399Rule Japan 1950 1951 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1400# but the only locations using it (for birth certificates, presumably, since
1401# their audience is astrologers) were US military bases. For now, assume
1402# that for most purposes daylight-saving time was observed; otherwise, what
1403# would have been the point of the 1951 poll?
1404
1405# From Hideyuki Suzuki (1998-11-09):
1406# 'Tokyo' usually stands for the former location of Tokyo Astronomical
|
1399# Observatory: 139 degrees 44' 40.90" E (9h 18m 58.727s), 35 degrees 39' 16.0" N.
|
1407# Observatory: 139 degrees 44' 40.90" E (9h 18m 58.727s),
1408# 35 degrees 39' 16.0" N. |
1409# This data is from 'Rika Nenpyou (Chronological Scientific Tables) 1996'
1410# edited by National Astronomical Observatory of Japan....
1411# JST (Japan Standard Time) has been used since 1888-01-01 00:00 (JST).
1412# The law is enacted on 1886-07-07.
1413
1414# From Hideyuki Suzuki (1998-11-16):
1415# The ordinance No. 51 (1886) established "standard time" in Japan,
1416# which stands for the time on 135 degrees E.
1417# In the ordinance No. 167 (1895), "standard time" was renamed to "central
1418# standard time". And the same ordinance also established "western standard
1419# time", which stands for the time on 120 degrees E.... But "western standard
1420# time" was abolished in the ordinance No. 529 (1937). In the ordinance No.
1421# 167, there is no mention regarding for what place western standard time is
1422# standard....
1423#
1424# I wrote "ordinance" above, but I don't know how to translate.
1425# In Japanese it's "chokurei", which means ordinance from emperor.
1426
1427# From Yu-Cheng Chuang (2013-07-12):
1428# ...the Meiji Emperor announced Ordinance No. 167 of Meiji Year 28 "The clause
1429# about standard time" ... The adoption began from Jan 1, 1896.
1430# http://ja.wikisource.org/wiki/������������������������_(���������)
1431#
1432# ...the Showa Emperor announced Ordinance No. 529 of Showa Year 12 ... which
1433# means the whole Japan territory, including later occupations, adopt Japan
1434# Central Time (UTC+9). The adoption began on Oct 1, 1937.
1435# http://ja.wikisource.org/wiki/���������������������������������������������������������������������������������
1436
1437# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1438Zone Asia/Tokyo 9:18:59 - LMT 1887 Dec 31 15:00u
1439 9:00 - JST 1896 Jan 1
1440 9:00 - JCST 1937 Oct 1
1441 9:00 Japan J%sT
1442# Since 1938, all Japanese possessions have been like Asia/Tokyo.
1443
1444# Jordan
1445#
1446# From <http://star.arabia.com/990701/JO9.html>
1447# Jordan Week (1999-07-01) via Steffen Thorsen (1999-09-09):
1448# Clocks in Jordan were forwarded one hour on Wednesday at midnight,
1449# in accordance with the government's decision to implement summer time
1450# all year round.
1451#
1452# From <http://star.arabia.com/990930/JO9.html>
1453# Jordan Week (1999-09-30) via Steffen Thorsen (1999-11-09):
1454# Winter time starts today Thursday, 30 September. Clocks will be turned back
1455# by one hour. This is the latest government decision and it's final!
1456# The decision was taken because of the increase in working hours in
1457# government's departments from six to seven hours.
1458#
1459# From Paul Eggert (2005-11-22):
1460# Starting 2003 transitions are from Steffen Thorsen's web site timeanddate.com.
1461#
1462# From Steffen Thorsen (2005-11-23):
1463# For Jordan I have received multiple independent user reports every year
1464# about DST end dates, as the end-rule is different every year.
1465#
1466# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-10-01), after a heads-up from Hilal Malawi:
1467# http://www.petranews.gov.jo/nepras/2006/Sep/05/4000.htm
1468# "Jordan will switch to winter time on Friday, October 27".
1469#
1470
1471# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-04-02):
1472# This single one might be good enough, (2009-03-24, Arabic):
1473# http://petra.gov.jo/Artical.aspx?Lng=2&Section=8&Artical=95279
1474#
1475# Google's translation:
1476#
1477# > The Council of Ministers decided in 2002 to adopt the principle of timely
1478# > submission of the summer at 60 minutes as of midnight on the last Thursday
1479# > of the month of March of each year.
1480#
1481# So - this means the midnight between Thursday and Friday since 2002.
1482
1483# From Arthur David Olson (2009-04-06):
1484# We still have Jordan switching to DST on Thursdays in 2000 and 2001.
1485
1486# From Steffen Thorsen (2012-10-25):
1487# Yesterday the government in Jordan announced that they will not
1488# switch back to standard time this winter, so the will stay on DST
1489# until about the same time next year (at least).
1490# http://www.petra.gov.jo/Public_News/Nws_NewsDetails.aspx?NewsID=88950
1491
1492# From Steffen Thorsen (2013-12-11):
1493# Jordan Times and other sources say that Jordan is going back to
1494# UTC+2 on 2013-12-19 at midnight:
1495# http://jordantimes.com/govt-decides-to-switch-back-to-wintertime
1496# Official, in Arabic:
1497# http://www.petra.gov.jo/public_news/Nws_NewsDetails.aspx?Menu_ID=&Site_Id=2&lang=1&NewsID=133230&CatID=14
1498# ... Our background/permalink about it
1499# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/jordan-reverses-dst-decision.html
1500# ...
1501# http://www.petra.gov.jo/Public_News/Nws_NewsDetails.aspx?lang=2&site_id=1&NewsID=133313&Type=P
1502# ... says midnight for the coming one and 1:00 for the ones in the future
1503# (and they will use DST again next year, using the normal schedule).
1504
1505# From Paul Eggert (2013-12-11):
1506# As Steffen suggested, consider the past 21-month experiment to be DST.
1507
1508# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1509Rule Jordan 1973 only - Jun 6 0:00 1:00 S
1510Rule Jordan 1973 1975 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
1511Rule Jordan 1974 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
1512Rule Jordan 1976 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 -
1513Rule Jordan 1977 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
1514Rule Jordan 1978 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S
1515Rule Jordan 1978 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 -
1516Rule Jordan 1985 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
1517Rule Jordan 1985 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
1518Rule Jordan 1986 1988 - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S
1519Rule Jordan 1986 1990 - Oct Fri>=1 0:00 0 -
1520Rule Jordan 1989 only - May 8 0:00 1:00 S
1521Rule Jordan 1990 only - Apr 27 0:00 1:00 S
1522Rule Jordan 1991 only - Apr 17 0:00 1:00 S
1523Rule Jordan 1991 only - Sep 27 0:00 0 -
1524Rule Jordan 1992 only - Apr 10 0:00 1:00 S
1525Rule Jordan 1992 1993 - Oct Fri>=1 0:00 0 -
1526Rule Jordan 1993 1998 - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S
1527Rule Jordan 1994 only - Sep Fri>=15 0:00 0 -
1528Rule Jordan 1995 1998 - Sep Fri>=15 0:00s 0 -
1529Rule Jordan 1999 only - Jul 1 0:00s 1:00 S
1530Rule Jordan 1999 2002 - Sep lastFri 0:00s 0 -
1531Rule Jordan 2000 2001 - Mar lastThu 0:00s 1:00 S
1532Rule Jordan 2002 2012 - Mar lastThu 24:00 1:00 S
1533Rule Jordan 2003 only - Oct 24 0:00s 0 -
1534Rule Jordan 2004 only - Oct 15 0:00s 0 -
1535Rule Jordan 2005 only - Sep lastFri 0:00s 0 -
1536Rule Jordan 2006 2011 - Oct lastFri 0:00s 0 -
1537Rule Jordan 2013 only - Dec 20 0:00 0 -
1538Rule Jordan 2014 max - Mar lastThu 24:00 1:00 S
1539Rule Jordan 2014 max - Oct lastFri 0:00s 0 -
1540# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1541Zone Asia/Amman 2:23:44 - LMT 1931
1542 2:00 Jordan EE%sT
1543
1544
1545# Kazakhstan
1546
1547# From Paul Eggert (1996-11-22):
1548# Andrew Evtichov (1996-04-13) writes that Kazakhstan
1549# stayed in sync with Moscow after 1990, and that Aqtobe (formerly Aktyubinsk)
1550# and Aqtau (formerly Shevchenko) are the largest cities in their zones.
1551# Guess that Aqtau and Aqtobe diverged in 1995, since that's the first time
1552# IATA SSIM mentions a third time zone in Kazakhstan.
1553
1554# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1555# German Iofis, ELSI, Almaty (2001-10-09) reports that Kazakhstan uses
1556# RussiaAsia rules, instead of switching at 00:00 as the IATA has it.
1557# Go with Shanks & Pottenger, who have them always using RussiaAsia rules.
1558# Also go with the following claims of Shanks & Pottenger:
1559#
1560# - Kazakhstan did not observe DST in 1991.
1561# - Qyzylorda switched from +5:00 to +6:00 on 1992-01-19 02:00.
1562# - Oral switched from +5:00 to +4:00 in spring 1989.
1563
1564# From Kazakhstan Embassy's News Bulletin #11
1565# <http://www.kazsociety.org.uk/news/2005/03/30.htm> (2005-03-21):
1566# The Government of Kazakhstan passed a resolution March 15 abolishing
1567# daylight saving time citing lack of economic benefits and health
1568# complications coupled with a decrease in productivity.
1569#
1570# From Branislav Kojic (in Astana) via Gwillim Law (2005-06-28):
1571# ... what happened was that the former Kazakhstan Eastern time zone
1572# was "blended" with the Central zone. Therefore, Kazakhstan now has
1573# two time zones, and difference between them is one hour. The zone
1574# closer to UTC is the former Western zone (probably still called the
1575# same), encompassing four provinces in the west: Aqtobe, Atyrau,
1576# Mangghystau, and West Kazakhstan. The other zone encompasses
1577# everything else.... I guess that would make Kazakhstan time zones
1578# de jure UTC+5 and UTC+6 respectively.
1579
1580#
1581# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1582#
1583# Almaty (formerly Alma-Ata), representing most locations in Kazakhstan
1584Zone Asia/Almaty 5:07:48 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Alma-Ata
1585 5:00 - ALMT 1930 Jun 21 # Alma-Ata Time
1586 6:00 RussiaAsia ALM%sT 1991
1587 6:00 - ALMT 1992
1588 6:00 RussiaAsia ALM%sT 2005 Mar 15
1589 6:00 - ALMT
1590# Qyzylorda (aka Kyzylorda, Kizilorda, Kzyl-Orda, etc.)
1591Zone Asia/Qyzylorda 4:21:52 - LMT 1924 May 2
1592 4:00 - KIZT 1930 Jun 21 # Kizilorda Time
1593 5:00 - KIZT 1981 Apr 1
1594 5:00 1:00 KIZST 1981 Oct 1
1595 6:00 - KIZT 1982 Apr 1
1596 5:00 RussiaAsia KIZ%sT 1991
1597 5:00 - KIZT 1991 Dec 16 # independence
|
1589 5:00 - QYZT 1992 Jan 19 2:00
|
| 1598 5:00 - QYZT 1992 Jan 19 2:00 |
1599 6:00 RussiaAsia QYZ%sT 2005 Mar 15
1600 6:00 - QYZT
|
1592# Aqtobe (aka Aktobe, formerly Akt'ubinsk)
|
| 1601# Aqtobe (aka Aktobe, formerly Aktyubinsk) |
1602Zone Asia/Aqtobe 3:48:40 - LMT 1924 May 2
1603 4:00 - AKTT 1930 Jun 21 # Aktyubinsk Time
1604 5:00 - AKTT 1981 Apr 1
1605 5:00 1:00 AKTST 1981 Oct 1
1606 6:00 - AKTT 1982 Apr 1
1607 5:00 RussiaAsia AKT%sT 1991
1608 5:00 - AKTT 1991 Dec 16 # independence
1609 5:00 RussiaAsia AQT%sT 2005 Mar 15 # Aqtobe Time
1610 5:00 - AQTT
1611# Mangghystau
1612# Aqtau was not founded until 1963, but it represents an inhabited region,
1613# so include time stamps before 1963.
1614Zone Asia/Aqtau 3:21:04 - LMT 1924 May 2
1615 4:00 - FORT 1930 Jun 21 # Fort Shevchenko T
1616 5:00 - FORT 1963
1617 5:00 - SHET 1981 Oct 1 # Shevchenko Time
1618 6:00 - SHET 1982 Apr 1
1619 5:00 RussiaAsia SHE%sT 1991
1620 5:00 - SHET 1991 Dec 16 # independence
|
1612 5:00 RussiaAsia AQT%sT 1995 Mar lastSun 2:00 # Aqtau Time
|
| 1621 5:00 RussiaAsia AQT%sT 1995 Mar lastSun 2:00 # Aqtau Time |
1622 4:00 RussiaAsia AQT%sT 2005 Mar 15
1623 5:00 - AQTT
1624# West Kazakhstan
1625Zone Asia/Oral 3:25:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Ural'sk
1626 4:00 - URAT 1930 Jun 21 # Ural'sk time
1627 5:00 - URAT 1981 Apr 1
1628 5:00 1:00 URAST 1981 Oct 1
1629 6:00 - URAT 1982 Apr 1
|
1621 5:00 RussiaAsia URA%sT 1989 Mar 26 2:00
|
| 1630 5:00 RussiaAsia URA%sT 1989 Mar 26 2:00 |
1631 4:00 RussiaAsia URA%sT 1991
1632 4:00 - URAT 1991 Dec 16 # independence
1633 4:00 RussiaAsia ORA%sT 2005 Mar 15 # Oral Time
1634 5:00 - ORAT
1635
1636# Kyrgyzstan (Kirgizstan)
1637# Transitions through 1991 are from Shanks & Pottenger.
1638
1639# From Paul Eggert (2005-08-15):
1640# According to an article dated today in the Kyrgyzstan Development Gateway
|
1632# <http://eng.gateway.kg/cgi-bin/page.pl?id=1&story_name=doc9979.shtml>
|
| 1641# http://eng.gateway.kg/cgi-bin/page.pl?id=1&story_name=doc9979.shtml |
1642# Kyrgyzstan is canceling the daylight saving time system. I take the article
1643# to mean that they will leave their clocks at 6 hours ahead of UTC.
1644# From Malik Abdugaliev (2005-09-21):
1645# Our government cancels daylight saving time 6th of August 2005.
1646# From 2005-08-12 our GMT-offset is +6, w/o any daylight saving.
1647
1648# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1649Rule Kyrgyz 1992 1996 - Apr Sun>=7 0:00s 1:00 S
1650Rule Kyrgyz 1992 1996 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 -
1651Rule Kyrgyz 1997 2005 - Mar lastSun 2:30 1:00 S
1652Rule Kyrgyz 1997 2004 - Oct lastSun 2:30 0 -
1653# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1654Zone Asia/Bishkek 4:58:24 - LMT 1924 May 2
1655 5:00 - FRUT 1930 Jun 21 # Frunze Time
|
1647 6:00 RussiaAsia FRU%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
1648 5:00 1:00 FRUST 1991 Aug 31 2:00 # independence
1649 5:00 Kyrgyz KG%sT 2005 Aug 12 # Kyrgyzstan Time
|
1656 6:00 RussiaAsia FRU%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
1657 5:00 1:00 FRUST 1991 Aug 31 2:00 # independence
1658 5:00 Kyrgyz KG%sT 2005 Aug 12 # Kyrgyzstan Time |
1659 6:00 - KGT
1660
1661###############################################################################
1662
1663# Korea (North and South)
1664
|
1656# From Annie I. Bang (2006-07-10) in
1657# <http://www.koreaherald.co.kr/SITE/data/html_dir/2006/07/10/200607100012.asp>:
|
1665# From Annie I. Bang (2006-07-10):
1666# http://www.koreaherald.co.kr/SITE/data/html_dir/2006/07/10/200607100012.asp |
1667# The Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Energy has already
1668# commissioned a research project [to reintroduce DST] and has said
1669# the system may begin as early as 2008.... Korea ran a daylight
1670# saving program from 1949-61 but stopped it during the 1950-53 Korean War.
1671
1672# From Shanks & Pottenger:
1673# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1674Rule ROK 1960 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 D
1675Rule ROK 1960 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S
1676Rule ROK 1987 1988 - May Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 D
1677Rule ROK 1987 1988 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
1678
1679# From Paul Eggert (2014-07-01):
1680# The following entries are from Shanks & Pottenger, except that I
1681# guessed that time zone abbreviations through 1945 followed the same
1682# rules as discussed under Taiwan, with nominal switches from JST to KST
1683# when the respective cities were taken over by the Allies after WWII.
1684
1685# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1686Zone Asia/Seoul 8:27:52 - LMT 1890
1687 8:30 - KST 1904 Dec
1688 9:00 - JCST 1928
1689 8:30 - KST 1932
1690 9:00 - JCST 1937 Oct 1
1691 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 8
1692 9:00 - KST 1954 Mar 21
1693 8:00 ROK K%sT 1961 Aug 10
1694 8:30 - KST 1968 Oct
1695 9:00 ROK K%sT
1696Zone Asia/Pyongyang 8:23:00 - LMT 1890
1697 8:30 - KST 1904 Dec
1698 9:00 - JCST 1928
1699 8:30 - KST 1932
1700 9:00 - JCST 1937 Oct 1
1701 9:00 - JST 1945 Aug 24
1702 9:00 - KST 1954 Mar 21
1703 8:00 - KST 1961 Aug 10
1704 9:00 - KST
1705
1706###############################################################################
1707
1708# Kuwait
1709# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1710Zone Asia/Kuwait 3:11:56 - LMT 1950
1711 3:00 - AST
1712
1713# Laos
|
1705# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1706Zone Asia/Vientiane 6:50:24 - LMT 1906 Jun 9 # or Viangchan
1707 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT?
1708 7:00 - ICT 1912 May
1709 8:00 - ICT 1931 May
1710 7:00 - ICT
|
| 1714# See Asia/Bangkok. |
1715
|
| 1716 |
1717# Lebanon
1718# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1719Rule Lebanon 1920 only - Mar 28 0:00 1:00 S
1720Rule Lebanon 1920 only - Oct 25 0:00 0 -
1721Rule Lebanon 1921 only - Apr 3 0:00 1:00 S
1722Rule Lebanon 1921 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 -
1723Rule Lebanon 1922 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S
1724Rule Lebanon 1922 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 -
1725Rule Lebanon 1923 only - Apr 22 0:00 1:00 S
1726Rule Lebanon 1923 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 -
1727Rule Lebanon 1957 1961 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
1728Rule Lebanon 1957 1961 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
1729Rule Lebanon 1972 only - Jun 22 0:00 1:00 S
1730Rule Lebanon 1972 1977 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
1731Rule Lebanon 1973 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
1732Rule Lebanon 1978 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S
1733Rule Lebanon 1978 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 -
1734Rule Lebanon 1984 1987 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
1735Rule Lebanon 1984 1991 - Oct 16 0:00 0 -
1736Rule Lebanon 1988 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S
1737Rule Lebanon 1989 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S
1738Rule Lebanon 1990 1992 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
1739Rule Lebanon 1992 only - Oct 4 0:00 0 -
1740Rule Lebanon 1993 max - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
1741Rule Lebanon 1993 1998 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 -
1742Rule Lebanon 1999 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 -
1743# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1744Zone Asia/Beirut 2:22:00 - LMT 1880
1745 2:00 Lebanon EE%sT
1746
1747# Malaysia
1748# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1749Rule NBorneo 1935 1941 - Sep 14 0:00 0:20 TS # one-Third Summer
1750Rule NBorneo 1935 1941 - Dec 14 0:00 0 -
1751#
1752# peninsular Malaysia
|
1748# The data here are taken from Mok Ly Yng (2003-10-30)
1749# <http://www.math.nus.edu.sg/aslaksen/teaching/timezone.html>.
|
1753# taken from Mok Ly Yng (2003-10-30)
1754# http://www.math.nus.edu.sg/aslaksen/teaching/timezone.html |
1755# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1756Zone Asia/Kuala_Lumpur 6:46:46 - LMT 1901 Jan 1
1757 6:55:25 - SMT 1905 Jun 1 # Singapore M.T.
1758 7:00 - MALT 1933 Jan 1 # Malaya Time
1759 7:00 0:20 MALST 1936 Jan 1
1760 7:20 - MALT 1941 Sep 1
1761 7:30 - MALT 1942 Feb 16
1762 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 12
1763 7:30 - MALT 1982 Jan 1
1764 8:00 - MYT # Malaysia Time
1765# Sabah & Sarawak
|
1761# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1762# The data here are mostly from Shanks & Pottenger, but the 1942, 1945 and 1982
1763# transition dates are from Mok Ly Yng.
|
1766# From Paul Eggert (2014-08-12):
1767# The data entries here are mostly from Shanks & Pottenger, but the 1942, 1945
1768# and 1982 transition dates are from Mok Ly Yng. |
1769# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1770Zone Asia/Kuching 7:21:20 - LMT 1926 Mar
|
1766 7:30 - BORT 1933 # Borneo Time
|
| 1771 7:30 - BORT 1933 # Borneo Time |
1772 8:00 NBorneo BOR%sT 1942 Feb 16
1773 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 12
1774 8:00 - BORT 1982 Jan 1
1775 8:00 - MYT
1776
1777# Maldives
1778# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
|
1774Zone Indian/Maldives 4:54:00 - LMT 1880 # Male
1775 4:54:00 - MMT 1960 # Male Mean Time
1776 5:00 - MVT # Maldives Time
|
1779Zone Indian/Maldives 4:54:00 - LMT 1880 # Male
1780 4:54:00 - MMT 1960 # Male Mean Time
1781 5:00 - MVT # Maldives Time |
1782
1783# Mongolia
1784
1785# Shanks & Pottenger say that Mongolia has three time zones, but
1786# The USNO (1995-12-21) and the CIA map Standard Time Zones of the World
1787# (2005-03) both say that it has just one.
1788
1789# From Oscar van Vlijmen (1999-12-11):
1790# General Information Mongolia
1791# <http://www.mongoliatourism.gov.mn/general.htm> (1999-09)
1792# "Time: Mongolia has two time zones. Three westernmost provinces of
1793# Bayan-��lgii, Uvs, and Hovd are one hour earlier than the capital city, and
1794# the rest of the country follows the Ulaanbaatar time, which is UTC/GMT plus
1795# eight hours."
1796
1797# From Rives McDow (1999-12-13):
1798# Mongolia discontinued the use of daylight savings time in 1999; 1998
1799# being the last year it was implemented. The dates of implementation I am
1800# unsure of, but most probably it was similar to Russia, except for the time
1801# of implementation may have been different....
1802# Some maps in the past have indicated that there was an additional time
1803# zone in the eastern part of Mongolia, including the provinces of Dornod,
1804# S��khbaatar, and possibly Khentii.
1805
1806# From Paul Eggert (1999-12-15):
1807# Naming and spelling is tricky in Mongolia.
1808# We'll use Hovd (also spelled Chovd and Khovd) to represent the west zone;
1809# the capital of the Hovd province is sometimes called Hovd, sometimes Dund-Us,
1810# and sometimes Jirgalanta (with variant spellings), but the name Hovd
1811# is good enough for our purposes.
1812
1813# From Rives McDow (2001-05-13):
1814# In addition to Mongolia starting daylight savings as reported earlier
1815# (adopted DST on 2001-04-27 02:00 local time, ending 2001-09-28),
1816# there are three time zones.
1817#
1818# Provinces [at 7:00]: Bayan-��lgii, Uvs, Khovd, Zavkhan, Govi-Altai
1819# Provinces [at 8:00]: Kh��vsg��l, Bulgan, Arkhangai, Khentii, T��v,
1820# Bayankhongor, ��v��rkhangai, Dundgovi, Dornogovi, ��mn��govi
1821# Provinces [at 9:00]: Dornod, S��khbaatar
1822#
1823# [The province of Selenge is omitted from the above lists.]
1824
1825# From Ganbold Ts., Ulaanbaatar (2004-04-17):
1826# Daylight saving occurs at 02:00 local time last Saturday of March.
1827# It will change back to normal at 02:00 local time last Saturday of
1828# September.... As I remember this rule was changed in 2001.
1829#
1830# From Paul Eggert (2004-04-17):
1831# For now, assume Rives McDow's informant got confused about Friday vs
1832# Saturday, and that his 2001 dates should have 1 added to them.
1833
1834# From Paul Eggert (2005-07-26):
1835# We have wildly conflicting information about Mongolia's time zones.
1836# Bill Bonnet (2005-05-19) reports that the US Embassy in Ulaanbaatar says
1837# there is only one time zone and that DST is observed, citing Microsoft
1838# Windows XP as the source. Risto Nyk��nen (2005-05-16) reports that
1839# travelmongolia.org says there are two time zones (UTC+7, UTC+8) with no DST.
1840# Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-05-20) reports that the Mongolian Embassy in
1841# Washington, DC says there are two time zones, with DST observed.
1842# He also found
|
1838# <http://ubpost.mongolnews.mn/index.php?subaction=showcomments&id=1111634894&archive=&start_from=&ucat=1&>
|
| 1843# http://ubpost.mongolnews.mn/index.php?subaction=showcomments&id=1111634894&archive=&start_from=&ucat=1& |
1844# which also says that there is DST, and which has a comment by "Toddius"
1845# (2005-03-31 06:05 +0700) saying "Mongolia actually has 3.5 time zones.
1846# The West (OLGII) is +7 GMT, most of the country is ULAT is +8 GMT
1847# and some Eastern provinces are +9 GMT but S��khbaatar Aimag is SUHK +8.5 GMT.
1848# The SUKH timezone is new this year, it is one of the few things the
1849# parliament passed during the tumultuous winter session."
1850# For now, let's ignore this information, until we have more confirmation.
1851
1852# From Ganbold Ts. (2007-02-26):
1853# Parliament of Mongolia has just changed the daylight-saving rule in February.
1854# They decided not to adopt daylight-saving time....
1855# http://www.mongolnews.mn/index.php?module=unuudur&sec=view&id=15742
1856
1857# From Deborah Goldsmith (2008-03-30):
1858# We received a bug report claiming that the tz database UTC offset for
1859# Asia/Choibalsan (GMT+09:00) is incorrect, and that it should be GMT
1860# +08:00 instead. Different sources appear to disagree with the tz
1861# database on this, e.g.:
1862#
1863# http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/city.html?n=1026
1864# http://www.worldtimeserver.com/current_time_in_MN.aspx
1865#
1866# both say GMT+08:00.
1867
1868# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-03-31):
1869# eznis airways, which operates several domestic flights, has a flight
1870# schedule here:
1871# http://www.eznis.com/Container.jsp?id=112
1872# (click the English flag for English)
1873#
1874# There it appears that flights between Choibalsan and Ulaanbaatar arrive
1875# about 1:35 - 1:50 hours later in local clock time, no matter the
1876# direction, while Ulaanbaatar-Khovd takes 2 hours in the Eastern
1877# direction and 3:35 back, which indicates that Ulaanbaatar and Khovd are
1878# in different time zones (like we know about), while Choibalsan and
1879# Ulaanbaatar are in the same time zone (correction needed).
1880
1881# From Arthur David Olson (2008-05-19):
1882# Assume that Choibalsan is indeed offset by 8:00.
1883# XXX--in the absence of better information, assume that transition
1884# was at the start of 2008-03-31 (the day of Steffen Thorsen's report);
1885# this is almost surely wrong.
1886
1887# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1888Rule Mongol 1983 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
1889Rule Mongol 1983 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
1890# Shanks & Pottenger and IATA SSIM say 1990s switches occurred at 00:00,
1891# but McDow says the 2001 switches occurred at 02:00. Also, IATA SSIM
1892# (1996-09) says 1996-10-25. Go with Shanks & Pottenger through 1998.
1893#
1894# Shanks & Pottenger say that the Sept. 1984 through Sept. 1990 switches
1895# in Choibalsan (more precisely, in Dornod and S��khbaatar) took place
1896# at 02:00 standard time, not at 00:00 local time as in the rest of
1897# the country. That would be odd, and possibly is a result of their
1898# correction of 02:00 (in the previous edition) not being done correctly
1899# in the latest edition; so ignore it for now.
1900
1901Rule Mongol 1985 1998 - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
1902Rule Mongol 1984 1998 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 -
1903# IATA SSIM (1999-09) says Mongolia no longer observes DST.
1904Rule Mongol 2001 only - Apr lastSat 2:00 1:00 S
1905Rule Mongol 2001 2006 - Sep lastSat 2:00 0 -
1906Rule Mongol 2002 2006 - Mar lastSat 2:00 1:00 S
1907
1908# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1909# Hovd, a.k.a. Chovd, Dund-Us, Dzhargalant, Khovd, Jirgalanta
1910Zone Asia/Hovd 6:06:36 - LMT 1905 Aug
|
1906 6:00 - HOVT 1978 # Hovd Time
|
| 1911 6:00 - HOVT 1978 # Hovd Time |
1912 7:00 Mongol HOV%sT
1913# Ulaanbaatar, a.k.a. Ulan Bataar, Ulan Bator, Urga
1914Zone Asia/Ulaanbaatar 7:07:32 - LMT 1905 Aug
|
1910 7:00 - ULAT 1978 # Ulaanbaatar Time
|
| 1915 7:00 - ULAT 1978 # Ulaanbaatar Time |
1916 8:00 Mongol ULA%sT
|
1912# Choibalsan, a.k.a. Bajan Tuemen, Bajan Tumen, Chojbalsan,
|
| 1917# Choibalsan, a.k.a. Bajan T��men, Bajan Tumen, Chojbalsan, |
1918# Choybalsan, Sanbejse, Tchoibalsan
1919Zone Asia/Choibalsan 7:38:00 - LMT 1905 Aug
1920 7:00 - ULAT 1978
1921 8:00 - ULAT 1983 Apr
1922 9:00 Mongol CHO%sT 2008 Mar 31 # Choibalsan Time
1923 8:00 Mongol CHO%sT
1924
1925# Nepal
1926# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1927Zone Asia/Kathmandu 5:41:16 - LMT 1920
1928 5:30 - IST 1986
1929 5:45 - NPT # Nepal Time
1930
1931# Oman
1932
1933# Milne says 3:54:24 was the meridian of the Muscat Tidal Observatory.
1934
1935# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1936Zone Asia/Muscat 3:54:24 - LMT 1920
1937 4:00 - GST
1938
1939# Pakistan
1940
1941# From Rives McDow (2002-03-13):
1942# I have been advised that Pakistan has decided to adopt dst on a
1943# TRIAL basis for one year, starting 00:01 local time on April 7, 2002
1944# and ending at 00:01 local time October 6, 2002. This is what I was
1945# told, but I believe that the actual time of change may be 00:00; the
1946# 00:01 was to make it clear which day it was on.
1947
1948# From Paul Eggert (2002-03-15):
1949# Jesper N��rgaard found this URL:
1950# http://www.pak.gov.pk/public/news/app/app06_dec.htm
1951# (dated 2001-12-06) which says that the Cabinet adopted a scheme "to
1952# advance the clocks by one hour on the night between the first
1953# Saturday and Sunday of April and revert to the original position on
1954# 15th October each year". This agrees with McDow's 04-07 at 00:00,
1955# but disagrees about the October transition, and makes it sound like
1956# it's not on a trial basis. Also, the "between the first Saturday
1957# and Sunday of April" phrase, if taken literally, means that the
1958# transition takes place at 00:00 on the first Sunday on or after 04-02.
1959
1960# From Paul Eggert (2003-02-09):
1961# DAWN <http://www.dawn.com/2002/10/06/top13.htm> reported on 2002-10-05
1962# that 2002 DST ended that day at midnight. Go with McDow for now.
1963
1964# From Steffen Thorsen (2003-03-14):
1965# According to http://www.dawn.com/2003/03/07/top15.htm
1966# there will be no DST in Pakistan this year:
1967#
1968# ISLAMABAD, March 6: Information and Media Development Minister Sheikh
1969# Rashid Ahmed on Thursday said the cabinet had reversed a previous
1970# decision to advance clocks by one hour in summer and put them back by
1971# one hour in winter with the aim of saving light hours and energy.
1972#
1973# The minister told a news conference that the experiment had rather
1974# shown 8 per cent higher consumption of electricity.
1975
1976# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-15):
1977#
1978# Here is an article that Pakistan plan to introduce Daylight Saving Time
1979# on June 1, 2008 for 3 months.
1980#
|
1976# "... The federal cabinet on Wednesday announced a new conservation plan to help
1977# reduce load shedding by approving the closure of commercial centres at 9pm and
1978# moving clocks forward by one hour for the next three months.
1979# ...."
|
1981# "... The federal cabinet on Wednesday announced a new conservation plan to
1982# help reduce load shedding by approving the closure of commercial centres at
1983# 9pm and moving clocks forward by one hour for the next three months. ...." |
1984#
1985# http://www.worldtimezone.net/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan01.html
1986# http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2008%5C05%5C15%5Cstory_15-5-2008_pg1_4
1987
1988# From Arthur David Olson (2008-05-19):
1989# XXX--midnight transitions is a guess; 2008 only is a guess.
1990
1991# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2008-08-28):
1992# Pakistan government has decided to keep the watches one-hour advanced
1993# for another 2 months - plan to return to Standard Time on October 31
1994# instead of August 31.
1995#
1996# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan02.html
1997# http://dailymailnews.com/200808/28/news/dmbrn03.html
1998
1999# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-04-08):
2000# Based on previous media reports that "... proposed plan to
2001# advance clocks by one hour from May 1 will cause disturbance
2002# to the working schedules rather than bringing discipline in
2003# official working."
2004# http://www.thenews.com.pk/daily_detail.asp?id=171280
2005#
2006# recent news that instead of May 2009 - Pakistan plan to
2007# introduce DST from April 15, 2009
2008#
2009# FYI: Associated Press Of Pakistan
2010# April 08, 2009
2011# Cabinet okays proposal to advance clocks by one hour from April 15
2012# http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=73043&Itemid=1
2013# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan05.html
2014#
2015# ....
2016# The Federal Cabinet on Wednesday approved the proposal to
2017# advance clocks in the country by one hour from April 15 to
2018# conserve energy"
2019
2020# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-09-17):
2021# "The News International," Pakistan reports that: "The Federal
2022# Government has decided to restore the previous time by moving the
2023# clocks backward by one hour from October 1. A formal announcement to
2024# this effect will be made after the Prime Minister grants approval in
2025# this regard."
2026# http://www.thenews.com.pk/updates.asp?id=87168
2027
2028# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-09-28):
2029# According to Associated Press Of Pakistan, it is confirmed that
|
2026# Pakistan clocks across the country would be turned back by an hour from October
2027# 1, 2009.
|
2030# Pakistan clocks across the country would be turned back by an hour from
2031# October 1, 2009. |
2032#
2033# "Clocks to go back one hour from 1 Oct"
2034# http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=86715&Itemid=2
2035# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan07.htm
|
2032
2033# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-09-29):
2034# Alexander Krivenyshev wrote:
2035# > According to Associated Press Of Pakistan, it is confirmed that
2036# > Pakistan clocks across the country would be turned back by an hour from October
2037# > 1, 2009.
|
2036#
|
| 2037# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-09-29): |
2038# Now they seem to have changed their mind, November 1 is the new date:
2039# http://www.thenews.com.pk/top_story_detail.asp?Id=24742
2040# "The country's clocks will be reversed by one hour on November 1.
2041# Officials of Federal Ministry for Interior told this to Geo News on
2042# Monday."
2043#
2044# And more importantly, it seems that these dates will be kept every year:
2045# "It has now been decided that clocks will be wound forward by one hour
2046# on April 15 and reversed by an hour on November 1 every year without
2047# obtaining prior approval, the officials added."
2048#
2049# We have confirmed this year's end date with both with the Ministry of
2050# Water and Power and the Pakistan Electric Power Company:
2051# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/pakistan-ends-dst09.html
2052
2053# From Christoph G��hre (2009-10-01):
2054# [T]he German Consulate General in Karachi reported me today that Pakistan
2055# will go back to standard time on 1st of November.
2056
2057# From Steffen Thorsen (2010-03-26):
2058# Steffen Thorsen wrote:
2059# > On Thursday (2010-03-25) it was announced that DST would start in
2060# > Pakistan on 2010-04-01.
2061# >
2062# > Then today, the president said that they might have to revert the
2063# > decision if it is not supported by the parliament. So at the time
2064# > being, it seems unclear if DST will be actually observed or not - but
2065# > April 1 could be a more likely date than April 15.
2066# Now, it seems that the decision to not observe DST in final:
2067#
2068# "Govt Withdraws Plan To Advance Clocks"
2069# http://www.apakistannews.com/govt-withdraws-plan-to-advance-clocks-172041
2070#
2071# "People laud PM's announcement to end DST"
2072# http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=99374&Itemid=2
2073
2074# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2075Rule Pakistan 2002 only - Apr Sun>=2 0:01 1:00 S
2076Rule Pakistan 2002 only - Oct Sun>=2 0:01 0 -
2077Rule Pakistan 2008 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S
|
2079Rule Pakistan 2008 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 -
|
| 2078Rule Pakistan 2008 2009 - Nov 1 0:00 0 - |
2079Rule Pakistan 2009 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 S
|
2081Rule Pakistan 2009 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 -
|
2080
2081# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2082Zone Asia/Karachi 4:28:12 - LMT 1907
2083 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep
2084 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 15
2085 5:30 - IST 1951 Sep 30
2086 5:00 - KART 1971 Mar 26 # Karachi Time
2087 5:00 Pakistan PK%sT # Pakistan Time
2088
2089# Palestine
2090
2091# From Amos Shapir (1998-02-15):
2092#
2093# From 1917 until 1948-05-15, all of Palestine, including the parts now
2094# known as the Gaza Strip and the West Bank, was under British rule.
2095# Therefore the rules given for Israel for that period, apply there too...
2096#
2097# The Gaza Strip was under Egyptian rule between 1948-05-15 until 1967-06-05
2098# (except a short occupation by Israel from 1956-11 till 1957-03, but no
2099# time zone was affected then). It was never formally annexed to Egypt,
2100# though.
2101#
2102# The rest of Palestine was under Jordanian rule at that time, formally
2103# annexed in 1950 as the West Bank (and the word "Trans" was dropped from
2104# the country's previous name of "the Hashemite Kingdom of the
2105# Trans-Jordan"). So the rules for Jordan for that time apply. Major
2106# towns in that area are Nablus (Shchem), El-Halil (Hebron), Ramallah, and
2107# East Jerusalem.
2108#
2109# Both areas were occupied by Israel in June 1967, but not annexed (except
2110# for East Jerusalem). They were on Israel time since then; there might
2111# have been a Military Governor's order about time zones, but I'm not aware
2112# of any (such orders may have been issued semi-annually whenever summer
2113# time was in effect, but maybe the legal aspect of time was just neglected).
2114#
2115# The Palestinian Authority was established in 1993, and got hold of most
2116# towns in the West Bank and Gaza by 1995. I know that in order to
2117# demonstrate...independence, they have been switching to
2118# summer time and back on a different schedule than Israel's, but I don't
2119# know when this was started, or what algorithm is used (most likely the
2120# Jordanian one).
2121#
2122# To summarize, the table should probably look something like that:
2123#
2124# Area \ when | 1918-1947 | 1948-1967 | 1967-1995 | 1996-
2125# ------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------
2126# Israel | Zion | Zion | Zion | Zion
2127# West bank | Zion | Jordan | Zion | Jordan
2128# Gaza | Zion | Egypt | Zion | Jordan
2129#
2130# I guess more info may be available from the PA's web page (if/when they
2131# have one).
2132
2133# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
2134# Shanks & Pottenger write that Gaza did not observe DST until 1957, but go
2135# with Shapir and assume that it observed DST from 1940 through 1947,
2136# and that it used Jordanian rules starting in 1996.
2137# We don't yet need a separate entry for the West Bank, since
2138# the only differences between it and Gaza that we know about
2139# occurred before our cutoff date of 1970.
2140# However, as we get more information, we may need to add entries
2141# for parts of the West Bank as they transitioned from Israel's rules
2142# to Palestine's rules.
2143
2144# From IINS News Service - Israel - 1998-03-23 10:38:07 Israel time,
2145# forwarded by Ephraim Silverberg:
2146#
2147# Despite the fact that Israel changed over to daylight savings time
2148# last week, the PLO Authority (PA) has decided not to turn its clocks
2149# one-hour forward at this time. As a sign of independence from Israeli rule,
2150# the PA has decided to implement DST in April.
2151
2152# From Paul Eggert (1999-09-20):
2153# Daoud Kuttab writes in Holiday havoc
|
2156# <http://www.jpost.com/com/Archive/22.Apr.1999/Opinion/Article-2.html>
|
| 2154# http://www.jpost.com/com/Archive/22.Apr.1999/Opinion/Article-2.html |
2155# (Jerusalem Post, 1999-04-22) that
2156# the Palestinian National Authority changed to DST on 1999-04-15.
2157# I vaguely recall that they switch back in October (sorry, forgot the source).
2158# For now, let's assume that the spring switch was at 24:00,
2159# and that they switch at 0:00 on the 3rd Fridays of April and October.
2160
2161# From Paul Eggert (2005-11-22):
2162# Starting 2004 transitions are from Steffen Thorsen's web site timeanddate.com.
2163
2164# From Steffen Thorsen (2005-11-23):
2165# A user from Gaza reported that Gaza made the change early because of
2166# the Ramadan. Next year Ramadan will be even earlier, so I think
2167# there is a good chance next year's end date will be around two weeks
2168# earlier - the same goes for Jordan.
2169
2170# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-08-17):
2171# I was informed by a user in Bethlehem that in Bethlehem it started the
2172# same day as Israel, and after checking with other users in the area, I
2173# was informed that they started DST one day after Israel. I was not
2174# able to find any authoritative sources at the time, nor details if
2175# Gaza changed as well, but presumed Gaza to follow the same rules as
2176# the West Bank.
2177
2178# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-09-26):
2179# according to the Palestine News Network (2006-09-19):
2180# http://english.pnn.ps/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=596&Itemid=5
2181# > The Council of Ministers announced that this year its winter schedule
2182# > will begin early, as of midnight Thursday. It is also time to turn
2183# > back the clocks for winter. Friday will begin an hour late this week.
2184# I guess it is likely that next year's date will be moved as well,
2185# because of the Ramadan.
2186
2187# From Jesper N��rgaard Welen (2007-09-18):
2188# According to Steffen Thorsen's web site the Gaza Strip and the rest of the
2189# Palestinian territories left DST early on 13.th. of September at 2:00.
2190
2191# From Paul Eggert (2007-09-20):
2192# My understanding is that Gaza and the West Bank disagree even over when
2193# the weekend is (Thursday+Friday versus Friday+Saturday), so I'd be a bit
2194# surprised if they agreed about DST. But for now, assume they agree.
2195# For lack of better information, predict that future changes will be
2196# the 2nd Thursday of September at 02:00.
2197
2198# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2008-08-28):
2199# Here is an article, that Mideast running on different clocks at Ramadan.
2200#
2201# Gaza Strip (as Egypt) ended DST at midnight Thursday (Aug 28, 2008), while
2202# the West Bank will end Daylight Saving Time at midnight Sunday (Aug 31, 2008).
2203#
2204# http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/feedarticle/7759001
2205# http://www.abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory?id=5676087
2206# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip01.html
2207
2208# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-26):
2209# According to the Palestine News Network (arabic.pnn.ps), Palestinian
2210# government decided to start Daylight Time on Thursday night March
2211# 26 and continue until the night of 27 September 2009.
2212#
2213# (in Arabic)
2214# http://arabic.pnn.ps/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=50850
2215#
2216# (English translation)
2217# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_westbank01.html
2218
2219# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-08-31):
2220# Palestine's Council of Ministers announced that they will revert back to
2221# winter time on Friday, 2009-09-04.
2222#
2223# One news source:
2224# http://www.safa.ps/ara/?action=showdetail&seid=4158
2225# (Palestinian press agency, Arabic),
2226# Google translate: "Decided that the Palestinian government in Ramallah
2227# headed by Salam Fayyad, the start of work in time for the winter of
2228# 2009, starting on Friday approved the fourth delay Sept. clock sixty
2229# minutes per hour as of Friday morning."
2230#
2231# We are not sure if Gaza will do the same, last year they had a different
2232# end date, we will keep this page updated:
2233# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/westbank-gaza-dst-2009.html
2234
2235# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-09-02):
2236# Seems that Gaza Strip will go back to Winter Time same date as West Bank.
2237#
2238# According to Palestinian Ministry Of Interior, West Bank and Gaza Strip plan
2239# to change time back to Standard time on September 4, 2009.
2240#
2241# "Winter time unite the West Bank and Gaza"
2242# (from Palestinian National Authority):
2243# http://www.moi.gov.ps/en/?page=633167343250594025&nid=11505
2244# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip02.html
2245
2246# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-03-19):
2247# According to Voice of Palestine DST will last for 191 days, from March
2248# 26, 2010 till "the last Sunday before the tenth day of Tishri
2249# (October), each year" (October 03, 2010?)
2250#
2251# http://palvoice.org/forums/showthread.php?t=245697
2252# (in Arabic)
2253# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_westbank03.html
2254
2255# From Steffen Thorsen (2010-03-24):
2256# ...Ma'an News Agency reports that Hamas cabinet has decided it will
2257# start one day later, at 12:01am. Not sure if they really mean 12:01am or
2258# noon though:
2259#
2260# http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=271178
2261# (Ma'an News Agency)
2262# "At 12:01am Friday, clocks in Israel and the West Bank will change to
2263# 1:01am, while Gaza clocks will change at 12:01am Saturday morning."
2264
2265# From Steffen Thorsen (2010-08-11):
2266# According to several sources, including
2267# http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=306795
2268# the clocks were set back one hour at 2010-08-11 00:00:00 local time in
2269# Gaza and the West Bank.
2270# Some more background info:
2271# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/westbank-gaza-end-dst-2010.html
2272
2273# From Steffen Thorsen (2011-08-26):
2274# Gaza and the West Bank did go back to standard time in the beginning of
2275# August, and will now enter daylight saving time again on 2011-08-30
2276# 00:00 (so two periods of DST in 2011). The pause was because of
2277# Ramadan.
2278#
2279# http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=416217
2280# Additional info:
2281# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/palestine-dst-2011.html
2282
2283# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2011-08-27):
2284# According to the article in The Jerusalem Post:
2285# "...Earlier this month, the Palestinian government in the West Bank decided to
2286# move to standard time for 30 days, during Ramadan. The Palestinians in the
2287# Gaza Strip accepted the change and also moved their clocks one hour back.
2288# The Hamas government said on Saturday that it won't observe summertime after
2289# the Muslim feast of Id al-Fitr, which begins on Tuesday..."
2290# ...
2291# http://www.jpost.com/MiddleEast/Article.aspx?id=235650
2292# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip05.html
2293# The rules for Egypt are stolen from the 'africa' file.
2294
2295# From Steffen Thorsen (2011-09-30):
2296# West Bank did end Daylight Saving Time this morning/midnight (2011-09-30
2297# 00:00).
2298# So West Bank and Gaza now have the same time again.
2299#
2300# Many sources, including:
2301# http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=424808
2302
2303# From Steffen Thorsen (2012-03-26):
2304# Palestinian news sources tell that both Gaza and West Bank will start DST
2305# on Friday (Thursday midnight, 2012-03-29 24:00).
2306# Some of many sources in Arabic:
2307# http://www.samanews.com/index.php?act=Show&id=122638
2308#
2309# http://safa.ps/details/news/74352/%D8%A8%D8%AF%D8%A1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%8A%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B6%D9%81%D8%A9-%D9%88%D8%BA%D8%B2%D8%A9-%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A9.html
2310#
2311# Our brief summary:
2312# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/gaza-west-bank-dst-2012.html
2313
2314# From Steffen Thorsen (2013-03-26):
2315# The following news sources tells that Palestine will "start daylight saving
2316# time from midnight on Friday, March 29, 2013" (translated).
2317# [These are in Arabic and are for Gaza and for Ramallah, respectively.]
2318# http://www.samanews.com/index.php?act=Show&id=154120
2319# http://safa.ps/details/news/99844/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%87-%D8%A8%D8%AF%D8%A1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%8A%D9%81%D9%8A-29-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A.html
2320
2321# From Steffen Thorsen (2013-09-24):
2322# The Gaza and West Bank are ending DST Thursday at midnight
2323# (2013-09-27 00:00:00) (one hour earlier than last year...).
2324# This source in English, says "that winter time will go into effect
2325# at midnight on Thursday in the West Bank and Gaza Strip":
2326# http://english.wafa.ps/index.php?action=detail&id=23246
2327# official source...:
2328# http://www.palestinecabinet.gov.ps/ar/Views/ViewDetails.aspx?pid=1252
2329
2330# From Paul Eggert (2013-09-24):
2331# For future dates, guess the last Thursday in March at 24:00 through
2332# the first Friday on or after September 21 at 00:00. This is consistent with
2333# the predictions in today's editions of the following URLs,
2334# which are for Gaza and Hebron respectively:
2335# http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/timezone.html?n=702
2336# http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/timezone.html?n=2364
2337
2338# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2339Rule EgyptAsia 1957 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S
2340Rule EgyptAsia 1957 1958 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
2341Rule EgyptAsia 1958 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
2342Rule EgyptAsia 1959 1967 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S
2343Rule EgyptAsia 1959 1965 - Sep 30 3:00 0 -
2344Rule EgyptAsia 1966 only - Oct 1 3:00 0 -
2345
2346Rule Palestine 1999 2005 - Apr Fri>=15 0:00 1:00 S
2347Rule Palestine 1999 2003 - Oct Fri>=15 0:00 0 -
2348Rule Palestine 2004 only - Oct 1 1:00 0 -
2349Rule Palestine 2005 only - Oct 4 2:00 0 -
2350Rule Palestine 2006 2007 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
2351Rule Palestine 2006 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 -
2352Rule Palestine 2007 only - Sep Thu>=8 2:00 0 -
2353Rule Palestine 2008 2009 - Mar lastFri 0:00 1:00 S
2354Rule Palestine 2008 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 -
2355Rule Palestine 2009 only - Sep Fri>=1 1:00 0 -
2356Rule Palestine 2010 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S
2357Rule Palestine 2010 only - Aug 11 0:00 0 -
2358Rule Palestine 2011 only - Apr 1 0:01 1:00 S
2359Rule Palestine 2011 only - Aug 1 0:00 0 -
2360Rule Palestine 2011 only - Aug 30 0:00 1:00 S
2361Rule Palestine 2011 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 -
2362Rule Palestine 2012 max - Mar lastThu 24:00 1:00 S
2363Rule Palestine 2012 only - Sep 21 1:00 0 -
2364Rule Palestine 2013 max - Sep Fri>=21 0:00 0 -
2365
2366# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2367Zone Asia/Gaza 2:17:52 - LMT 1900 Oct
2368 2:00 Zion EET 1948 May 15
2369 2:00 EgyptAsia EE%sT 1967 Jun 5
2370 2:00 Zion I%sT 1996
2371 2:00 Jordan EE%sT 1999
|
2374 2:00 Palestine EE%sT 2008 Aug 29 0:00
|
| 2372 2:00 Palestine EE%sT 2008 Aug 29 0:00 |
2373 2:00 - EET 2008 Sep
2374 2:00 Palestine EE%sT 2010
|
2377 2:00 - EET 2010 Mar 27 0:01
|
| 2375 2:00 - EET 2010 Mar 27 0:01 |
2376 2:00 Palestine EE%sT 2011 Aug 1
2377 2:00 - EET 2012
2378 2:00 Palestine EE%sT
2379
2380Zone Asia/Hebron 2:20:23 - LMT 1900 Oct
2381 2:00 Zion EET 1948 May 15
2382 2:00 EgyptAsia EE%sT 1967 Jun 5
2383 2:00 Zion I%sT 1996
2384 2:00 Jordan EE%sT 1999
2385 2:00 Palestine EE%sT
2386
2387# Paracel Is
2388# no information
2389
2390# Philippines
2391# On 1844-08-16, Narciso Claver��a, governor-general of the
2392# Philippines, issued a proclamation announcing that 1844-12-30 was to
2393# be immediately followed by 1845-01-01; see R.H. van Gent's
2394# History of the International Date Line
|
2397# <http://www.staff.science.uu.nl/~gent0113/idl/idl_philippines.htm>.
2398# The rest of the data are from Shanks & Pottenger.
|
2395# http://www.staff.science.uu.nl/~gent0113/idl/idl_philippines.htm
2396# The rest of the data entries are from Shanks & Pottenger. |
2397
|
2400# From Paul Eggert (2006-04-25):
2401# Tomorrow's Manila Standard reports that the Philippines Department of
2402# Trade and Industry is considering adopting DST this June when the
2403# rainy season begins. See
2404# <http://www.manilastandardtoday.com/?page=politics02_april26_2006>.
2405# For now, we'll ignore this, since it's not definite and we lack details.
2406#
|
2398# From Jesper N��rgaard Welen (2006-04-26):
2399# ... claims that Philippines had DST last time in 1990:
2400# http://story.philippinetimes.com/p.x/ct/9/id/145be20cc6b121c0/cid/3e5bbccc730d258c/
2401# [a story dated 2006-04-25 by Cris Larano of Dow Jones Newswires,
2402# but no details]
2403
|
2404# From Paul Eggert (2014-08-14):
2405# The following source says DST may be instituted November-January and again
2406# March-June, but this is not definite. It also says DST was last proclaimed
2407# during the Ramos administration (1992-1998); but again, no details.
2408# Carcamo D. PNoy urged to declare use of daylight saving time.
2409# Philippine Star 2014-08-05
2410# http://www.philstar.com/headlines/2014/08/05/1354152/pnoy-urged-declare-use-daylight-saving-time
2411 |
2412# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2413Rule Phil 1936 only - Nov 1 0:00 1:00 S
2414Rule Phil 1937 only - Feb 1 0:00 0 -
2415Rule Phil 1954 only - Apr 12 0:00 1:00 S
2416Rule Phil 1954 only - Jul 1 0:00 0 -
2417Rule Phil 1978 only - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 S
2418Rule Phil 1978 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 -
2419# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2420Zone Asia/Manila -15:56:00 - LMT 1844 Dec 31
2421 8:04:00 - LMT 1899 May 11
2422 8:00 Phil PH%sT 1942 May
2423 9:00 - JST 1944 Nov
2424 8:00 Phil PH%sT
2425
2426# Qatar
2427# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
|
2429Zone Asia/Qatar 3:26:08 - LMT 1920 # Al Dawhah / Doha
|
| 2428Zone Asia/Qatar 3:26:08 - LMT 1920 # Al Dawhah / Doha |
2429 4:00 - GST 1972 Jun
2430 3:00 - AST
2431
2432# Saudi Arabia
2433#
2434# From Paul Eggert (2014-07-15):
2435# Time in Saudi Arabia and other countries in the Arabian peninsula was not
2436# standardized until relatively recently; we don't know when, and possibly it
2437# has never been made official. Richard P Hunt, in "Islam city yielding to
2438# modern times", New York Times (1961-04-09), p 20, wrote that only airlines
2439# observed standard time, and that people in Jeddah mostly observed quasi-solar
2440# time, doing so by setting their watches at sunrise to 6 o'clock (or to 12
2441# o'clock for "Arab" time).
2442#
2443# The TZ database cannot represent quasi-solar time; airline time is the best
2444# we can do. The 1946 foreign air news digest of the U.S. Civil Aeronautics
2445# Board (OCLC 42299995) reported that the "... Arabian Government, inaugurated
2446# a weekly Dhahran-Cairo service, via the Saudi Arabian cities of Riyadh and
2447# Jidda, on March 14, 1947". Shanks & Pottenger guessed 1950; go with the
2448# earlier date.
2449#
2450# Shanks & Pottenger also state that until 1968-05-01 Saudi Arabia had two
2451# time zones; the other zone, at UTC+4, was in the far eastern part of
2452# the country. Ignore this, as it's before our 1970 cutoff.
2453#
2454# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2455Zone Asia/Riyadh 3:06:52 - LMT 1947 Mar 14
2456 3:00 - AST
2457
2458# Singapore
|
2460# The data here are taken from Mok Ly Yng (2003-10-30)
2461# <http://www.math.nus.edu.sg/aslaksen/teaching/timezone.html>.
|
2459# taken from Mok Ly Yng (2003-10-30)
2460# http://www.math.nus.edu.sg/aslaksen/teaching/timezone.html |
2461# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2462Zone Asia/Singapore 6:55:25 - LMT 1901 Jan 1
2463 6:55:25 - SMT 1905 Jun 1 # Singapore M.T.
2464 7:00 - MALT 1933 Jan 1 # Malaya Time
2465 7:00 0:20 MALST 1936 Jan 1
2466 7:20 - MALT 1941 Sep 1
2467 7:30 - MALT 1942 Feb 16
2468 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 12
2469 7:30 - MALT 1965 Aug 9 # independence
2470 7:30 - SGT 1982 Jan 1 # Singapore Time
2471 8:00 - SGT
2472
2473# Spratly Is
2474# no information
2475
2476# Sri Lanka
2477
2478# From Paul Eggert (2013-02-21):
2479# Milne says "Madras mean time use from May 1, 1898. Prior to this Colombo
2480# mean time, 5h. 4m. 21.9s. F., was used." But 5:04:21.9 differs considerably
2481# from Colombo's meridian 5:19:24, so for now ignore Milne and stick with
2482# Shanks and Pottenger.
2483
2484# From Paul Eggert (1996-09-03):
2485# "Sri Lanka advances clock by an hour to avoid blackout"
2486# (<http://www.virtual-pc.com/lankaweb/news/items/240596-2.html>, 1996-05-24,
2487# no longer available as of 1999-08-17)
2488# reported "the country's standard time will be put forward by one hour at
2489# midnight Friday (1830 GMT) 'in the light of the present power crisis'."
2490#
2491# From Dharmasiri Senanayake, Sri Lanka Media Minister (1996-10-24), as quoted
2492# by Shamindra in Daily News - Hot News Section
2493# <news:54rka5$m5h@mtinsc01-mgt.ops.worldnet.att.net> (1996-10-26):
2494# With effect from 12.30 a.m. on 26th October 1996
2495# Sri Lanka will be six (06) hours ahead of GMT.
2496
2497# From Jesper N��rgaard Welen (2006-04-14), quoting Sri Lanka News Online
2498# <http://news.sinhalaya.com/wmview.php?ArtID=11002> (2006-04-13):
2499# 0030 hrs on April 15, 2006 (midnight of April 14, 2006 +30 minutes)
2500# at present, become 2400 hours of April 14, 2006 (midnight of April 14, 2006).
2501
2502# From Peter Apps and Ranga Sirila of Reuters (2006-04-12) in:
|
2504# <http://today.reuters.co.uk/news/newsArticle.aspx?type=scienceNews&storyID=2006-04-12T172228Z_01_COL295762_RTRIDST_0_SCIENCE-SRILANKA-TIME-DC.XML>
|
| 2503# http://today.reuters.co.uk/news/newsArticle.aspx?type=scienceNews&storyID=2006-04-12T172228Z_01_COL295762_RTRIDST_0_SCIENCE-SRILANKA-TIME-DC.XML |
2504# [The Tamil Tigers] never accepted the original 1996 time change and simply
2505# kept their clocks set five and a half hours ahead of Greenwich Mean
2506# Time (GMT), in line with neighbor India.
2507# From Paul Eggert (2006-04-18):
2508# People who live in regions under Tamil control can use [TZ='Asia/Kolkata'],
2509# as that zone has agreed with the Tamil areas since our cutoff date of 1970.
2510
2511# From K Sethu (2006-04-25):
2512# I think the abbreviation LKT originated from the world of computers at
2513# the time of or subsequent to the time zone changes by SL Government
2514# twice in 1996 and probably SL Government or its standardization
2515# agencies never declared an abbreviation as a national standard.
2516#
2517# I recollect before the recent change the government announcements
2518# mentioning it as simply changing Sri Lanka Standard Time or Sri Lanka
2519# Time and no mention was made about the abbreviation.
2520#
2521# If we look at Sri Lanka Department of Government's "Official News
2522# Website of Sri Lanka" ... http://www.news.lk/ we can see that they
2523# use SLT as abbreviation in time stamp at the beginning of each news
2524# item....
2525#
2526# Within Sri Lanka I think LKT is well known among computer users and
2527# administrators. In my opinion SLT may not be a good choice because the
2528# nation's largest telcom / internet operator Sri Lanka Telcom is well
2529# known by that abbreviation - simply as SLT (there IP domains are
2530# slt.lk and sltnet.lk).
2531#
2532# But if indeed our government has adopted SLT as standard abbreviation
2533# (that we have not known so far) then it is better that it be used for
2534# all computers.
2535
2536# From Paul Eggert (2006-04-25):
2537# One possibility is that we wait for a bit for the dust to settle down
2538# and then see what people actually say in practice.
2539
2540# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2541Zone Asia/Colombo 5:19:24 - LMT 1880
|
2543 5:19:32 - MMT 1906 # Moratuwa Mean Time
|
| 2542 5:19:32 - MMT 1906 # Moratuwa Mean Time |
2543 5:30 - IST 1942 Jan 5
2544 5:30 0:30 IHST 1942 Sep
|
2546 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 16 2:00
2547 5:30 - IST 1996 May 25 0:00
2548 6:30 - LKT 1996 Oct 26 0:30
2549 6:00 - LKT 2006 Apr 15 0:30
|
2545 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 16 2:00
2546 5:30 - IST 1996 May 25 0:00
2547 6:30 - LKT 1996 Oct 26 0:30
2548 6:00 - LKT 2006 Apr 15 0:30 |
2549 5:30 - IST
2550
2551# Syria
2552# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2553Rule Syria 1920 1923 - Apr Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 S
2554Rule Syria 1920 1923 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 0 -
2555Rule Syria 1962 only - Apr 29 2:00 1:00 S
2556Rule Syria 1962 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 -
2557Rule Syria 1963 1965 - May 1 2:00 1:00 S
2558Rule Syria 1963 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 -
2559Rule Syria 1964 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 -
2560Rule Syria 1965 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 -
2561Rule Syria 1966 only - Apr 24 2:00 1:00 S
2562Rule Syria 1966 1976 - Oct 1 2:00 0 -
2563Rule Syria 1967 1978 - May 1 2:00 1:00 S
2564Rule Syria 1977 1978 - Sep 1 2:00 0 -
2565Rule Syria 1983 1984 - Apr 9 2:00 1:00 S
2566Rule Syria 1983 1984 - Oct 1 2:00 0 -
2567Rule Syria 1986 only - Feb 16 2:00 1:00 S
2568Rule Syria 1986 only - Oct 9 2:00 0 -
2569Rule Syria 1987 only - Mar 1 2:00 1:00 S
2570Rule Syria 1987 1988 - Oct 31 2:00 0 -
2571Rule Syria 1988 only - Mar 15 2:00 1:00 S
2572Rule Syria 1989 only - Mar 31 2:00 1:00 S
2573Rule Syria 1989 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 -
2574Rule Syria 1990 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 S
2575Rule Syria 1990 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 -
2576Rule Syria 1991 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
2577Rule Syria 1991 1992 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
2578Rule Syria 1992 only - Apr 8 0:00 1:00 S
2579Rule Syria 1993 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S
2580Rule Syria 1993 only - Sep 25 0:00 0 -
2581# IATA SSIM (1998-02) says 1998-04-02;
2582# (1998-09) says 1999-03-29 and 1999-09-29; (1999-02) says 1999-04-02,
2583# 2000-04-02, and 2001-04-02; (1999-09) says 2000-03-31 and 2001-03-31;
2584# (2006) says 2006-03-31 and 2006-09-22;
2585# for now ignore all these claims and go with Shanks & Pottenger,
2586# except for the 2006-09-22 claim (which seems right for Ramadan).
2587Rule Syria 1994 1996 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
2588Rule Syria 1994 2005 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
2589Rule Syria 1997 1998 - Mar lastMon 0:00 1:00 S
2590Rule Syria 1999 2006 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
2591# From Stephen Colebourne (2006-09-18):
2592# According to IATA data, Syria will change DST on 21st September [21:00 UTC]
2593# this year [only].... This is probably related to Ramadan, like Egypt.
2594Rule Syria 2006 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 -
2595# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-29):
2596# Today the AP reported "Syria will switch to summertime at midnight Thursday."
2597# http://www.iht.com/articles/ap/2007/03/29/africa/ME-GEN-Syria-Time-Change.php
2598Rule Syria 2007 only - Mar lastFri 0:00 1:00 S
2599# From Jesper N��rgaard (2007-10-27):
2600# The sister center ICARDA of my work CIMMYT is confirming that Syria DST will
2601# not take place 1st November at 0:00 o'clock but 1st November at 24:00 or
2602# rather Midnight between Thursday and Friday. This does make more sense than
2603# having it between Wednesday and Thursday (two workdays in Syria) since the
2604# weekend in Syria is not Saturday and Sunday, but Friday and Saturday. So now
2605# it is implemented at midnight of the last workday before weekend...
2606#
2607# From Steffen Thorsen (2007-10-27):
2608# Jesper N��rgaard Welen wrote:
2609#
2610# > "Winter local time in Syria will be observed at midnight of Thursday 1
2611# > November 2007, and the clock will be put back 1 hour."
2612#
2613# I found confirmation on this in this gov.sy-article (Arabic):
2614# http://wehda.alwehda.gov.sy/_print_veiw.asp?FileName=12521710520070926111247
2615#
2616# which using Google's translate tools says:
2617# Council of Ministers also approved the commencement of work on
2618# identifying the winter time as of Friday, 2/11/2007 where the 60th
2619# minute delay at midnight Thursday 1/11/2007.
2620Rule Syria 2007 only - Nov Fri>=1 0:00 0 -
2621
2622# From Stephen Colebourne (2008-03-17):
2623# For everyone's info, I saw an IATA time zone change for [Syria] for
|
2625# this month (March 2008) in the last day or so...This is the data IATA
2626# are now using:
|
| 2624# this month (March 2008) in the last day or so.... |
2625# Country Time Standard --- DST Start --- --- DST End --- DST
2626# Name Zone Variation Time Date Time Date
2627# Variation
2628# Syrian Arab
2629# Republic SY +0200 2200 03APR08 2100 30SEP08 +0300
2630# 2200 02APR09 2100 30SEP09 +0300
2631# 2200 01APR10 2100 30SEP10 +0300
2632
2633# From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-17):
2634# Here's a link to English-language coverage by the Syrian Arab News
2635# Agency (SANA)...
2636# http://www.sana.sy/eng/21/2008/03/11/165173.htm
2637# ...which reads (in part) "The Cabinet approved the suggestion of the
2638# Ministry of Electricity to begin daylight savings time on Friday April
2639# 4th, advancing clocks one hour ahead on midnight of Thursday April 3rd."
2640# Since Syria is two hours east of UTC, the 2200 and 2100 transition times
2641# shown above match up with midnight in Syria.
2642
2643# From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-18):
2644# My best guess at a Syrian rule is "the Friday nearest April 1";
2645# coding that involves either using a "Mar Fri>=29" construct that old time zone
2646# compilers can't handle or having multiple Rules (a la Israel).
2647# For now, use "Apr Fri>=1", and go with IATA on a uniform Sep 30 end.
2648
2649# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-10-07):
2650# Syria has now officially decided to end DST on 2008-11-01 this year,
2651# according to the following article in the Syrian Arab News Agency (SANA).
2652#
2653# The article is in Arabic, and seems to tell that they will go back to
2654# winter time on 2008-11-01 at 00:00 local daylight time (delaying/setting
2655# clocks back 60 minutes).
2656#
2657# http://sana.sy/ara/2/2008/10/07/195459.htm
2658
2659# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-03-19):
2660# Syria will start DST on 2009-03-27 00:00 this year according to many sources,
2661# two examples:
2662#
2663# http://www.sana.sy/eng/21/2009/03/17/217563.htm
2664# (English, Syrian Arab News # Agency)
2665# http://thawra.alwehda.gov.sy/_View_news2.asp?FileName=94459258720090318012209
2666# (Arabic, gov-site)
2667#
2668# We have not found any sources saying anything about when DST ends this year.
2669#
2670# Our summary
2671# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/syria-dst-starts-march-27-2009.html
2672
2673# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-10-27):
2674# The Syrian Arab News Network on 2009-09-29 reported that Syria will
2675# revert back to winter (standard) time on midnight between Thursday
2676# 2009-10-29 and Friday 2009-10-30:
2677# http://www.sana.sy/ara/2/2009/09/29/247012.htm (Arabic)
2678
2679# From Arthur David Olson (2009-10-28):
2680# We'll see if future DST switching times turn out to be end of the last
2681# Thursday of the month or the start of the last Friday of the month or
2682# something else. For now, use the start of the last Friday.
2683
2684# From Steffen Thorsen (2010-03-17):
2685# The "Syrian News Station" reported on 2010-03-16 that the Council of
2686# Ministers has decided that Syria will start DST on midnight Thursday
2687# 2010-04-01: (midnight between Thursday and Friday):
2688# http://sns.sy/sns/?path=news/read/11421 (Arabic)
2689
2690# From Steffen Thorsen (2012-03-26):
2691# Today, Syria's government announced that they will start DST early on Friday
2692# (00:00). This is a bit earlier than the past two years.
2693#
2694# From Syrian Arab News Agency, in Arabic:
2695# http://www.sana.sy/ara/2/2012/03/26/408215.htm
2696#
2697# Our brief summary:
2698# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/syria-dst-2012.html
2699
2700# From Arthur David Olson (2012-03-27):
2701# Assume last Friday in March going forward XXX.
2702
2703Rule Syria 2008 only - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S
2704Rule Syria 2008 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 -
2705Rule Syria 2009 only - Mar lastFri 0:00 1:00 S
2706Rule Syria 2010 2011 - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S
2707Rule Syria 2012 max - Mar lastFri 0:00 1:00 S
2708Rule Syria 2009 max - Oct lastFri 0:00 0 -
2709
2710# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
|
2713Zone Asia/Damascus 2:25:12 - LMT 1920 # Dimashq
|
| 2711Zone Asia/Damascus 2:25:12 - LMT 1920 # Dimashq |
2712 2:00 Syria EE%sT
2713
2714# Tajikistan
2715# From Shanks & Pottenger.
2716# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2717Zone Asia/Dushanbe 4:35:12 - LMT 1924 May 2
2718 5:00 - DUST 1930 Jun 21 # Dushanbe Time
|
2721 6:00 RussiaAsia DUS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
2722 5:00 1:00 DUSST 1991 Sep 9 2:00s
2723 5:00 - TJT # Tajikistan Time
|
2719 6:00 RussiaAsia DUS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
2720 5:00 1:00 DUSST 1991 Sep 9 2:00s
2721 5:00 - TJT # Tajikistan Time |
2722
2723# Thailand
2724# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2725Zone Asia/Bangkok 6:42:04 - LMT 1880
2726 6:42:04 - BMT 1920 Apr # Bangkok Mean Time
2727 7:00 - ICT
|
2728Link Asia/Bangkok Asia/Phnom_Penh # Cambodia
2729Link Asia/Bangkok Asia/Vientiane # Laos |
2730
2731# Turkmenistan
2732# From Shanks & Pottenger.
2733# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2734Zone Asia/Ashgabat 3:53:32 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Ashkhabad
2735 4:00 - ASHT 1930 Jun 21 # Ashkhabad Time
|
2736 5:00 RussiaAsia ASH%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00
|
| 2736 5:00 RussiaAsia ASH%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00 |
2737 4:00 RussiaAsia ASH%sT 1991 Oct 27 # independence
|
2738 4:00 RussiaAsia TM%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00
|
| 2738 4:00 RussiaAsia TM%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00 |
2739 5:00 - TMT
2740
2741# United Arab Emirates
2742# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2743Zone Asia/Dubai 3:41:12 - LMT 1920
2744 4:00 - GST
2745
2746# Uzbekistan
|
| 2747# Byalokoz 1919 says Uzbekistan was 4:27:53. |
2748# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
|
2748Zone Asia/Samarkand 4:27:12 - LMT 1924 May 2
|
| 2749Zone Asia/Samarkand 4:27:53 - LMT 1924 May 2 |
2750 4:00 - SAMT 1930 Jun 21 # Samarkand Time
2751 5:00 - SAMT 1981 Apr 1
2752 5:00 1:00 SAMST 1981 Oct 1
2753 6:00 - TAST 1982 Apr 1 # Tashkent Time
2754 5:00 RussiaAsia SAM%sT 1991 Sep 1 # independence
2755 5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1992
2756 5:00 - UZT
2757# Milne says Tashkent was 4:37:10.8; round to nearest.
2758Zone Asia/Tashkent 4:37:11 - LMT 1924 May 2
2759 5:00 - TAST 1930 Jun 21 # Tashkent Time
|
2759 6:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00
|
| 2760 6:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00 |
2761 5:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Sep 1 # independence
2762 5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1992
2763 5:00 - UZT
2764
2765# Vietnam
2766
|
2766# From Paul Eggert (2013-02-21):
|
| 2767# From Paul Eggert (2014-10-04): |
2768# Milne gives 7:16:56 for the meridian of Saigon in 1899, as being
2769# used in Lower Laos, Cambodia, and Annam. But this is quite a ways
2770# from Saigon's location. For now, ignore this and stick with Shanks
|
2770# and Pottenger.
|
| 2771# and Pottenger for LMT before 1906. |
2772
2773# From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-18):
2774# The English-language name of Vietnam's most populous city is "Ho Chi Minh
2775# City"; use Ho_Chi_Minh below to avoid a name of more than 14 characters.
2776
|
2776# From Shanks & Pottenger:
|
2777# From Paul Eggert (2014-10-21) after a heads-up from Tr���n Ng���c Qu��n:
2778# Tr���n Ti���n B��nh's authoritative book "L���ch Vi���t Nam: th��� k��� XX-XXI (1901-2100)"
2779# (Nh�� xu���t b���n V��n Ho�� - Th��ng Tin, Hanoi, 2005), pp 49-50,
2780# is quoted verbatim in:
2781# http://www.thoigian.com.vn/?mPage=P80D01
2782# is translated by Brian Inglis in:
2783# http://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2014-October/021654.html
2784# and is the basis for the information below.
2785#
2786# The 1906 transition was effective July 1 and standardized Indochina to
2787# Ph�� Li���n Observatory, legally 104 deg. 17'17" east of Paris.
2788# It's unclear whether this meant legal Paris Mean Time (00:09:21) or
2789# the Paris Meridian (2 deg. 20'14.03" E); the former yields 07:06:30.1333...
2790# and the latter 07:06:29.333... so either way it rounds to 07:06:30,
2791# which is used below even though the modern-day Ph�� Li���n Observatory
2792# is closer to 07:06:31. Abbreviate Ph�� Li���n Mean Time as PLMT.
2793#
2794# The following transitions occurred in Indochina in general (before 1954)
2795# and in South Vietnam in particular (after 1954):
2796# To 07:00 on 1911-05-01.
2797# To 08:00 on 1942-12-31 at 23:00.
2798# To 09:00 in 1945-03-14 at 23:00.
2799# To 07:00 on 1945-09-02 in Vietnam.
2800# To 08:00 on 1947-04-01 in French-controlled Indochina.
2801# To 07:00 on 1955-07-01 in South Vietnam.
2802# To 08:00 on 1959-12-31 at 23:00 in South Vietnam.
2803# To 07:00 on 1975-06-13 in South Vietnam.
2804#
2805# Tr���n cites the following sources; it's unclear which supplied the info above.
2806#
2807# Ho��ng Xu��n H��n: "L���ch v�� l���ch Vi���t Nam". T���p san Khoa h���c X�� h���i,
2808# No. 9, Paris, February 1982.
2809#
2810# L�� Th��nh L��n: "L���ch v�� ni��n bi���u l���ch s��� hai m����i th��� k��� (0001-2010)",
2811# NXB Th���ng k��, Hanoi, 2000.
2812#
2813# L�� Th��nh L��n: "L���ch hai th��� k��� (1802-2010) v�� c��c l���ch v��nh c���u",
2814# NXB Thu���n Ho��, Hu���, 1995.
2815 |
2816# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
|
2778Zone Asia/Ho_Chi_Minh 7:06:40 - LMT 1906 Jun 9
2779 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT?
2780 7:00 - ICT 1912 May
2781 8:00 - ICT 1931 May
|
2817Zone Asia/Ho_Chi_Minh 7:06:40 - LMT 1906 Jul 1
2818 7:06:30 - PLMT 1911 May 1
2819 7:00 - ICT 1942 Dec 31 23:00
2820 8:00 - IDT 1945 Mar 14 23:00
2821 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 2
2822 7:00 - ICT 1947 Apr 1
2823 8:00 - IDT 1955 Jul 1
2824 7:00 - ICT 1959 Dec 31 23:00
2825 8:00 - IDT 1975 Jun 13 |
2826 7:00 - ICT
2827
2828# Yemen
2829
2830# Milne says 2:59:54 was the meridian of the saluting battery at Aden,
2831# and that Yemen was at 1:55:56, the meridian of the Hagia Sophia.
2832
2833# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2834Zone Asia/Aden 2:59:54 - LMT 1950
2835 3:00 - AST
|