1# <pre>
2# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of
3# 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson.
4
5# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
6# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
7# tz@iana.org for general use in the future).
8
9# From Paul Eggert (2013-08-11):
10#
11# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is
12# Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition),
13# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003).
14#
15# Gwillim Law writes that a good source
16# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
17# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
18# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries
19# of the IATA's data after 1990.
20#
21# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks & Pottenger is the source for
22# entries through 1990, and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards.
23#
24# Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences,
25# Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which
26# I found in the UCLA library.
27#
28# For data circa 1899, a common source is:
29# Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94
30# <http://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359>.
31#
32# A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is
33# Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997).
34#
35# I invented the abbreviations marked `*' in the following table;
36# the rest are from earlier versions of this file, or from other sources.
37# Corrections are welcome!
38# std dst
39# LMT Local Mean Time
40# 2:00 EET EEST Eastern European Time
41# 2:00 IST IDT Israel
42# 3:00 AST ADT Arabia*
43# 3:30 IRST IRDT Iran
44# 4:00 GST Gulf*
45# 5:30 IST India
46# 7:00 ICT Indochina*
47# 7:00 WIB west Indonesia (Waktu Indonesia Barat)
48# 8:00 WITA central Indonesia (Waktu Indonesia Tengah)
49# 8:00 CST China
50# 9:00 CJT Central Japanese Time (1896/1937)*
51# 9:00 WIT east Indonesia (Waktu Indonesia Timur)
52# 9:00 JST JDT Japan
53# 9:00 KST KDT Korea
54# 9:30 CST (Australian) Central Standard Time
55#
56# See the `europe' file for Russia and Turkey in Asia.
57
58# From Guy Harris:
59# Incorporates data for Singapore from Robert Elz' asia 1.1, as well as
60# additional information from Tom Yap, Sun Microsystems Intercontinental
61# Technical Support (including a page from the Official Airline Guide -
62# Worldwide Edition). The names for time zones are guesses.
63
64###############################################################################
65
66# These rules are stolen from the `europe' file.
67# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
68Rule EUAsia 1981 max - Mar lastSun 1:00u 1:00 S
69Rule EUAsia 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 1:00u 0 -
70Rule EUAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u 0 -
71Rule E-EurAsia 1981 max - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
72Rule E-EurAsia 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 -
73Rule E-EurAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 -
74Rule RussiaAsia 1981 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
75Rule RussiaAsia 1981 1983 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
76Rule RussiaAsia 1984 1991 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 -
77Rule RussiaAsia 1985 1991 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S
78Rule RussiaAsia 1992 only - Mar lastSat 23:00 1:00 S
79Rule RussiaAsia 1992 only - Sep lastSat 23:00 0 -
80Rule RussiaAsia 1993 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S
81Rule RussiaAsia 1993 1995 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 -
82Rule RussiaAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 -
83
84# Afghanistan
85# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
86Zone Asia/Kabul 4:36:48 - LMT 1890
87 4:00 - AFT 1945
88 4:30 - AFT
89
90# Armenia
91# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
92# Shanks & Pottenger have Yerevan switching to 3:00 (with Russian DST)
93# in spring 1991, then to 4:00 with no DST in fall 1995, then
94# readopting Russian DST in 1997. Go with Shanks & Pottenger, even
95# when they disagree with others. Edgar Der-Danieliantz
96# reported (1996-05-04) that Yerevan probably wouldn't use DST
97# in 1996, though it did use DST in 1995. IATA SSIM (1991/1998) reports that
98# Armenia switched from 3:00 to 4:00 in 1998 and observed DST after 1991,
99# but started switching at 3:00s in 1998.
100
101# From Arthur David Olson (2011-06-15):
102# While Russia abandoned DST in 2011, Armenia may choose to
103# follow Russia's "old" rules.
104
105# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2012-02-10):
106# According to News Armenia, on Feb 9, 2012,
107# http://newsarmenia.ru/society/20120209/42609695.html
108#
109# The Armenia National Assembly adopted final reading of Amendments to the
110# Law "On procedure of calculation time on the territory of the Republic of
111# Armenia" according to which Armenia [is] abolishing Daylight Saving Time.
112# or
113# (brief)
114# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_armenia03.html
115# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
116Zone Asia/Yerevan 2:58:00 - LMT 1924 May 2
117 3:00 - YERT 1957 Mar # Yerevan Time
118 4:00 RussiaAsia YER%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
119 3:00 1:00 YERST 1991 Sep 23 # independence
120 3:00 RussiaAsia AM%sT 1995 Sep 24 2:00s
121 4:00 - AMT 1997
122 4:00 RussiaAsia AM%sT 2012 Mar 25 2:00s
123 4:00 - AMT
124
125# Azerbaijan
126# From Rustam Aliyev of the Azerbaijan Internet Forum (2005-10-23):
127# According to the resolution of Cabinet of Ministers, 1997
128# Resolution available at: http://aif.az/docs/daylight_res.pdf
129# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
130Rule Azer 1997 max - Mar lastSun 4:00 1:00 S
131Rule Azer 1997 max - Oct lastSun 5:00 0 -
132# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
133Zone Asia/Baku 3:19:24 - LMT 1924 May 2
134 3:00 - BAKT 1957 Mar # Baku Time
135 4:00 RussiaAsia BAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
136 3:00 1:00 BAKST 1991 Aug 30 # independence
137 3:00 RussiaAsia AZ%sT 1992 Sep lastSat 23:00
138 4:00 - AZT 1996 # Azerbaijan time
139 4:00 EUAsia AZ%sT 1997
140 4:00 Azer AZ%sT
141
142# Bahrain
143# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
144Zone Asia/Bahrain 3:22:20 - LMT 1920 # Al Manamah
145 4:00 - GST 1972 Jun
146 3:00 - AST
147
148# Bangladesh
149# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-05-13):
150# According to newspaper Asian Tribune (May 6, 2009) Bangladesh may introduce
151# Daylight Saving Time from June 16 to Sept 30
152#
153# Bangladesh to introduce daylight saving time likely from June 16
154# <a href="http://www.asiantribune.com/?q=node/17288">
155# http://www.asiantribune.com/?q=node/17288
156# </a>
157# or
158# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh02.html">
159# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh02.html
160# </a>
161#
162# "... Bangladesh government has decided to switch daylight saving time from
163# June
164# 16 till September 30 in a bid to ensure maximum use of daylight to cope with
165# crippling power crisis. "
166#
167# The switch will remain in effect from June 16 to Sept 30 (2009) but if
168# implemented the next year, it will come in force from April 1, 2010
169
170# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-06-02):
171# They have finally decided now, but changed the start date to midnight between
172# the 19th and 20th, and they have not set the end date yet.
173#
174# Some sources:
175# <a href="http://in.reuters.com/article/southAsiaNews/idINIndia-40017620090601">
176# http://in.reuters.com/article/southAsiaNews/idINIndia-40017620090601
177# </a>
178# <a href="http://bdnews24.com/details.php?id=85889&cid=2">
179# http://bdnews24.com/details.php?id=85889&cid=2
180# </a>
181#
182# Our wrap-up:
183# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/bangladesh-daylight-saving-2009.html">
184# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/bangladesh-daylight-saving-2009.html
185# </a>
186
187# From A. N. M. Kamrus Saadat (2009-06-15):
188# Finally we've got the official mail regarding DST start time where DST start
189# time is mentioned as Jun 19 2009, 23:00 from BTRC (Bangladesh
190# Telecommunication Regulatory Commission).
191#
192# No DST end date has been announced yet.
193
194# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-09-25):
195# Bangladesh won't go back to Standard Time from October 1, 2009,
196# instead it will continue DST measure till the cabinet makes a fresh decision.
197#
198# Following report by same newspaper-"The Daily Star Friday":
199# "DST change awaits cabinet decision-Clock won't go back by 1-hr from Oct 1"
200# <a href="http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=107021">
201# http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=107021
202# </a>
203# or
204# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh04.html">
205# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh04.html
206# </a>
207
208# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-10-13):
209# IANS (Indo-Asian News Service) now reports:
210# Bangladesh has decided that the clock advanced by an hour to make
211# maximum use of daylight hours as an energy saving measure would
212# "continue for an indefinite period."
213#
214# One of many places where it is published:
215# <a href="http://www.thaindian.com/newsportal/business/bangladesh-to-continue-indefinitely-with-advanced-time_100259987.html">
216# http://www.thaindian.com/newsportal/business/bangladesh-to-continue-indefinitely-with-advanced-time_100259987.html
217# </a>
218
219# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-12-24):
220# According to Bangladesh newspaper "The Daily Star,"
221# Bangladesh will change its clock back to Standard Time on Dec 31, 2009.
222#
223# Clock goes back 1-hr on Dec 31 night.
224# <a href="http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=119228">
225# http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=119228
226# </a>
227# and
228# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh05.html">
229# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh05.html
230# </a>
231#
232# "...The government yesterday decided to put the clock back by one hour
233# on December 31 midnight and the new time will continue until March 31,
234# 2010 midnight. The decision came at a cabinet meeting at the Prime
235# Minister's Office last night..."
236
237# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-03-22):
238# According to Bangladesh newspaper "The Daily Star,"
239# Cabinet cancels Daylight Saving Time
240# <a href="http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/latest_news.php?nid=22817">
241# http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/latest_news.php?nid=22817
242# </a>
243# or
244# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh06.html">
245# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh06.html
246# </a>
247
248# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
249Rule Dhaka 2009 only - Jun 19 23:00 1:00 S
250Rule Dhaka 2009 only - Dec 31 23:59 0 -
251
252# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
253Zone Asia/Dhaka 6:01:40 - LMT 1890
254 5:53:20 - HMT 1941 Oct # Howrah Mean Time?
255 6:30 - BURT 1942 May 15 # Burma Time
256 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep
257 6:30 - BURT 1951 Sep 30
258 6:00 - DACT 1971 Mar 26 # Dacca Time
259 6:00 - BDT 2009
260 6:00 Dhaka BD%sT
261
262# Bhutan
263# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
264Zone Asia/Thimphu 5:58:36 - LMT 1947 Aug 15 # or Thimbu
265 5:30 - IST 1987 Oct
266 6:00 - BTT # Bhutan Time
267
268# British Indian Ocean Territory
269# Whitman and the 1995 CIA time zone map say 5:00, but the
270# 1997 and later maps say 6:00. Assume the switch occurred in 1996.
271# We have no information as to when standard time was introduced;
272# assume it occurred in 1907, the same year as Mauritius (which
273# then contained the Chagos Archipelago).
274# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
275Zone Indian/Chagos 4:49:40 - LMT 1907
276 5:00 - IOT 1996 # BIOT Time
277 6:00 - IOT
278
279# Brunei
280# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
281Zone Asia/Brunei 7:39:40 - LMT 1926 Mar # Bandar Seri Begawan
282 7:30 - BNT 1933
283 8:00 - BNT
284
285# Burma / Myanmar
286
287# Milne says 6:24:40 was the meridian of the time ball observatory at Rangoon.
288
289# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
290Zone Asia/Rangoon 6:24:40 - LMT 1880 # or Yangon
291 6:24:40 - RMT 1920 # Rangoon Mean Time?
292 6:30 - BURT 1942 May # Burma Time
293 9:00 - JST 1945 May 3
294 6:30 - MMT # Myanmar Time
295
296# Cambodia
297# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
298Zone Asia/Phnom_Penh 6:59:40 - LMT 1906 Jun 9
299 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT?
300 7:00 - ICT 1912 May
301 8:00 - ICT 1931 May
302 7:00 - ICT
303
304# China
305
306# From Guy Harris:
307# People's Republic of China. Yes, they really have only one time zone.
308
309# From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
310# No they don't. See TIME mag, 1986-02-17 p.52. Even though
311# China is across 4 physical time zones, before Feb 1, 1986 only the
312# Peking (Bejing) time zone was recognized. Since that date, China
313# has two of 'em -- Peking's and Urumqi (named after the capital of
314# the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region). I don't know about DST for it.
315#
316# . . .I just deleted the DST table and this editor makes it too
317# painful to suck in another copy.. So, here is what I have for
318# DST start/end dates for Peking's time zone (info from AP):
319#
320# 1986 May 4 - Sept 14
321# 1987 mid-April - ??
322
323# From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19):
324# CHINA 8 H AHEAD OF UTC ALL OF CHINA, INCL TAIWAN
325# CHINA 9 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 17 - SEP 10
326
327# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
328# Shanks & Pottenger write that China (except for Hong Kong and Macau)
329# has had a single time zone since 1980 May 1, observing summer DST
330# from 1986 through 1991; this contradicts Devine's
331# note about Time magazine, though apparently _something_ happened in 1986.
332# Go with Shanks & Pottenger for now. I made up names for the other
333# pre-1980 time zones.
334
335# From Shanks & Pottenger:
336# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
337Rule Shang 1940 only - Jun 3 0:00 1:00 D
338Rule Shang 1940 1941 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
339Rule Shang 1941 only - Mar 16 0:00 1:00 D
340Rule PRC 1986 only - May 4 0:00 1:00 D
341Rule PRC 1986 1991 - Sep Sun>=11 0:00 0 S
342Rule PRC 1987 1991 - Apr Sun>=10 0:00 1:00 D
343
344# From Anthony Fok (2001-12-20):
345# BTW, I did some research on-line and found some info regarding these five
346# historic timezones from some Taiwan websites. And yes, there are official
347# Chinese names for these locales (before 1949).
348#
349# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-07-14):
350# I have investigated the timezones around 1970 on the
351# http://www.astro.com/atlas site [with provinces and county
352# boundaries summarized below].... A few other exceptions were two
353# counties on the Sichuan side of the Xizang-Sichuan border,
354# counties Dege and Baiyu which lies on the Sichuan side and are
355# therefore supposed to be GMT+7, Xizang region being GMT+6, but Dege
356# county is GMT+8 according to astro.com while Baiyu county is GMT+6
357# (could be true), for the moment I am assuming that those two
358# counties are mistakes in the astro.com data.
359
360# From Paul Eggert (2008-02-11):
361# I just now checked Google News for western news sources that talk
362# about China's single time zone, and couldn't find anything before 1986
363# talking about China being in one time zone. (That article was: Jim
364# Mann, "A clumsy embrace for another western custom: China on daylight
365# time--sort of", Los Angeles Times, 1986-05-05. By the way, this
366# article confirms the tz database's data claiming that China began
367# observing daylight saving time in 1986.
368#
369# From Thomas S. Mullaney (2008-02-11):
370# I think you're combining two subjects that need to treated
371# separately: daylight savings (which, you're correct, wasn't
372# implemented until the 1980s) and the unified time zone centered near
373# Beijing (which was implemented in 1949). Briefly, there was also a
374# "Lhasa Time" in Tibet and "Urumqi Time" in Xinjiang. The first was
375# ceased, and the second eventually recognized (again, in the 1980s).
376#
377# From Paul Eggert (2008-06-30):
378# There seems to be a good chance China switched to a single time zone in 1949
379# rather than in 1980 as Shanks & Pottenger have it, but we don't have a
380# reliable documentary source saying so yet, so for now we still go with
381# Shanks & Pottenger.
382
383# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
384# Changbai Time ("Long-white Time", Long-white = Heilongjiang area)
385# Heilongjiang (except Mohe county), Jilin
386Zone Asia/Harbin 8:26:44 - LMT 1928 # or Haerbin
387 8:30 - CHAT 1932 Mar # Changbai Time
388 8:00 - CST 1940
389 9:00 - CHAT 1966 May
390 8:30 - CHAT 1980 May
391 8:00 PRC C%sT
392# Zhongyuan Time ("Central plain Time")
393# most of China
394# Milne gives 8:05:56.7; round to nearest.
395Zone Asia/Shanghai 8:05:57 - LMT 1928
396 8:00 Shang C%sT 1949
397 8:00 PRC C%sT
398# Long-shu Time (probably due to Long and Shu being two names of that area)
399# Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Ningxia, Sichuan, Shaanxi, and Yunnan;
400# most of Gansu; west Inner Mongolia; west Qinghai; and the Guangdong
401# counties Deqing, Enping, Kaiping, Luoding, Taishan, Xinxing,
402# Yangchun, Yangjiang, Yu'nan, and Yunfu.
403Zone Asia/Chongqing 7:06:20 - LMT 1928 # or Chungking
404 7:00 - LONT 1980 May # Long-shu Time
405 8:00 PRC C%sT
406# Xin-zang Time ("Xinjiang-Tibet Time")
407# The Gansu counties Aksay, Anxi, Dunhuang, Subei; west Qinghai;
408# the Guangdong counties Xuwen, Haikang, Suixi, Lianjiang,
409# Zhanjiang, Wuchuan, Huazhou, Gaozhou, Maoming, Dianbai, and Xinyi;
410# east Tibet, including Lhasa, Chamdo, Shigaise, Jimsar, Shawan and Hutubi;
411# east Xinjiang, including Urumqi, Turpan, Karamay, Korla, Minfeng, Jinghe,
412# Wusu, Qiemo, Xinyan, Wulanwusu, Jinghe, Yumin, Tacheng, Tuoli, Emin,
413# Shihezi, Changji, Yanqi, Heshuo, Tuokexun, Tulufan, Shanshan, Hami,
414# Fukang, Kuitun, Kumukuli, Miquan, Qitai, and Turfan.
415Zone Asia/Urumqi 5:50:20 - LMT 1928 # or Urumchi
416 6:00 - URUT 1980 May # Urumqi Time
417 8:00 PRC C%sT
418# Kunlun Time
419# West Tibet, including Pulan, Aheqi, Shufu, Shule;
420# West Xinjiang, including Aksu, Atushi, Yining, Hetian, Cele, Luopu, Nileke,
421# Zhaosu, Tekesi, Gongliu, Chabuchaer, Huocheng, Bole, Pishan, Suiding,
422# and Yarkand.
423
424# From Luther Ma (2009-10-17):
425# Almost all (>99.9%) ethnic Chinese (properly ethnic Han) living in
426# Xinjiang use Chinese Standard Time. Some are aware of Xinjiang time,
427# but have no need of it. All planes, trains, and schools function on
428# what is called "Beijing time." When Han make an appointment in Chinese
429# they implicitly use Beijing time.
430#
431# On the other hand, ethnic Uyghurs, who make up about half the
432# population of Xinjiang, typically use "Xinjiang time" which is two
433# hours behind Beijing time, or UTC +0600. The government of the Xinjiang
434# Uyghur Autonomous Region, (XAUR, or just Xinjiang for short) as well as
435# local governments such as the Urumqi city government use both times in
436# publications, referring to what is popularly called Xinjiang time as
437# "Urumqi time." When Uyghurs make an appointment in the Uyghur language
438# they almost invariably use Xinjiang time.
439#
440# (Their ethnic Han compatriots would typically have no clue of its
441# widespread use, however, because so extremely few of them are fluent in
442# Uyghur, comparable to the number of Anglo-Americans fluent in Navajo.)
443#
444# (...As with the rest of China there was a brief interval ending in 1990
445# or 1991 when summer time was in use. The confusion was severe, with
446# the province not having dual times but four times in use at the same
447# time. Some areas remained on standard Xinjiang time or Beijing time and
448# others moving their clocks ahead.)
449#
450# ...an example of an official website using of Urumqi time.
451#
452# The first few lines of the Google translation of
453# <a href="http://www.fjysgl.gov.cn/show.aspx?id=2379&cid=39">
454# http://www.fjysgl.gov.cn/show.aspx?id=2379&cid=39
455# </a>
456# (retrieved 2009-10-13)
457# > Urumqi fire seven people are missing the alleged losses of at least
458# > 500 million yuan
459# >
460# > (Reporter Dong Liu) the day before 20:20 or so (Urumqi Time 18:20),
461# > Urumqi City Department of International Plaza Luther Qiantang River
462# > burst fire. As of yesterday, 18:30, Urumqi City Fire officers and men
463# > have worked continuously for 22 hours...
464
465# From Luther Ma (2009-11-19):
466# With the risk of being redundant to previous answers these are the most common
467# English "transliterations" (w/o using non-English symbols):
468#
469# 1. Wulumuqi...
470# 2. Kashi...
471# 3. Urumqi...
472# 4. Kashgar...
473# ...
474# 5. It seems that Uyghurs in Urumqi has been using Xinjiang since at least the
475# 1960's. I know of one Han, now over 50, who grew up in the surrounding
476# countryside and used Xinjiang time as a child.
477#
478# 6. Likewise for Kashgar and the rest of south Xinjiang I don't know of any
479# start date for Xinjiang time.
480#
481# Without having access to local historical records, nor the ability to legally
482# publish them, I would go with October 1, 1949, when Xinjiang became the Uyghur
483# Autonomous Region under the PRC. (Before that Uyghurs, of course, would also
484# not be using Beijing time, but some local time.)
485
486Zone Asia/Kashgar 5:03:56 - LMT 1928 # or Kashi or Kaxgar
487 5:30 - KAST 1940 # Kashgar Time
488 5:00 - KAST 1980 May
489 8:00 PRC C%sT
490
491
492# Hong Kong (Xianggang)
493
494# Milne gives 7:36:41.7; round this.
495
496# From Lee Yiu Chung (2009-10-24):
497# I found there are some mistakes for the...DST rule for Hong
498# Kong. [According] to the DST record from Hong Kong Observatory (actually,
499# it is not [an] observatory, but the official meteorological agency of HK,
500# and also serves as the official timing agency), there are some missing
501# and incorrect rules. Although the exact switch over time is missing, I
502# think 3:30 is correct. The official DST record for Hong Kong can be
503# obtained from
504# <a href="http://www.hko.gov.hk/gts/time/Summertime.htm">
505# http://www.hko.gov.hk/gts/time/Summertime.htm
506# </a>.
507
508# From Arthur David Olson (2009-10-28):
509# Here are the dates given at
510# <a href="http://www.hko.gov.hk/gts/time/Summertime.htm">
511# http://www.hko.gov.hk/gts/time/Summertime.htm
512# </a>
513# as of 2009-10-28:
514# Year Period
515# 1941 1 Apr to 30 Sep
516# 1942 Whole year
517# 1943 Whole year
518# 1944 Whole year
519# 1945 Whole year
520# 1946 20 Apr to 1 Dec
521# 1947 13 Apr to 30 Dec
522# 1948 2 May to 31 Oct
523# 1949 3 Apr to 30 Oct
524# 1950 2 Apr to 29 Oct
525# 1951 1 Apr to 28 Oct
526# 1952 6 Apr to 25 Oct
527# 1953 5 Apr to 1 Nov
528# 1954 21 Mar to 31 Oct
529# 1955 20 Mar to 6 Nov
530# 1956 18 Mar to 4 Nov
531# 1957 24 Mar to 3 Nov
532# 1958 23 Mar to 2 Nov
533# 1959 22 Mar to 1 Nov
534# 1960 20 Mar to 6 Nov
535# 1961 19 Mar to 5 Nov
536# 1962 18 Mar to 4 Nov
537# 1963 24 Mar to 3 Nov
538# 1964 22 Mar to 1 Nov
539# 1965 18 Apr to 17 Oct
540# 1966 17 Apr to 16 Oct
541# 1967 16 Apr to 22 Oct
542# 1968 21 Apr to 20 Oct
543# 1969 20 Apr to 19 Oct
544# 1970 19 Apr to 18 Oct
545# 1971 18 Apr to 17 Oct
546# 1972 16 Apr to 22 Oct
547# 1973 22 Apr to 21 Oct
548# 1973/74 30 Dec 73 to 20 Oct 74
549# 1975 20 Apr to 19 Oct
550# 1976 18 Apr to 17 Oct
551# 1977 Nil
552# 1978 Nil
553# 1979 13 May to 21 Oct
554# 1980 to Now Nil
555# The page does not give start or end times of day.
556# The page does not give a start date for 1942.
557# The page does not givw an end date for 1945.
558# The Japanese occupation of Hong Kong began on 1941-12-25.
559# The Japanese surrender of Hong Kong was signed 1945-09-15.
560# For lack of anything better, use start of those days as the transition times.
561
562# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
563Rule HK 1941 only - Apr 1 3:30 1:00 S
564Rule HK 1941 only - Sep 30 3:30 0 -
565Rule HK 1946 only - Apr 20 3:30 1:00 S
566Rule HK 1946 only - Dec 1 3:30 0 -
567Rule HK 1947 only - Apr 13 3:30 1:00 S
568Rule HK 1947 only - Dec 30 3:30 0 -
569Rule HK 1948 only - May 2 3:30 1:00 S
570Rule HK 1948 1951 - Oct lastSun 3:30 0 -
571Rule HK 1952 only - Oct 25 3:30 0 -
572Rule HK 1949 1953 - Apr Sun>=1 3:30 1:00 S
573Rule HK 1953 only - Nov 1 3:30 0 -
574Rule HK 1954 1964 - Mar Sun>=18 3:30 1:00 S
575Rule HK 1954 only - Oct 31 3:30 0 -
576Rule HK 1955 1964 - Nov Sun>=1 3:30 0 -
577Rule HK 1965 1976 - Apr Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S
578Rule HK 1965 1976 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 -
579Rule HK 1973 only - Dec 30 3:30 1:00 S
580Rule HK 1979 only - May Sun>=8 3:30 1:00 S
581Rule HK 1979 only - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 -
582# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
583Zone Asia/Hong_Kong 7:36:42 - LMT 1904 Oct 30
584 8:00 HK HK%sT 1941 Dec 25
585 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 15
586 8:00 HK HK%sT
587
588###############################################################################
589
590# Taiwan
591
592# Shanks & Pottenger write that Taiwan observed DST during 1945, when it
593# was still controlled by Japan. This is hard to believe, but we don't
594# have any other information.
595
596# From smallufo (2010-04-03):
597# According to Taiwan's CWB,
598# <a href="http://www.cwb.gov.tw/V6/astronomy/cdata/summert.htm">
599# http://www.cwb.gov.tw/V6/astronomy/cdata/summert.htm
600# </a>
601# Taipei has DST in 1979 between July 1st and Sep 30.
602
603# From Arthur David Olson (2010-04-07):
604# Here's Google's translation of the table at the bottom of the "summert.htm" page:
605# Decade Name Start and end date
606# Republic of China 34 years to 40 years (AD 1945-1951 years) Summer Time May 1 to September 30
607# 41 years of the Republic of China (AD 1952) Daylight Saving Time March 1 to October 31
608# Republic of China 42 years to 43 years (AD 1953-1954 years) Daylight Saving Time April 1 to October 31
609# In the 44 years to 45 years (AD 1955-1956 years) Daylight Saving Time April 1 to September 30
610# Republic of China 46 years to 48 years (AD 1957-1959) Summer Time April 1 to September 30
611# Republic of China 49 years to 50 years (AD 1960-1961) Summer Time June 1 to September 30
612# Republic of China 51 years to 62 years (AD 1962-1973 years) Stop Summer Time
613# Republic of China 63 years to 64 years (1974-1975 AD) Daylight Saving Time April 1 to September 30
614# Republic of China 65 years to 67 years (1976-1978 AD) Stop Daylight Saving Time
615# Republic of China 68 years (AD 1979) Daylight Saving Time July 1 to September 30
616# Republic of China since 69 years (AD 1980) Stop Daylight Saving Time
617
618# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
619Rule Taiwan 1945 1951 - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
620Rule Taiwan 1945 1951 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
621Rule Taiwan 1952 only - Mar 1 0:00 1:00 D
622Rule Taiwan 1952 1954 - Nov 1 0:00 0 S
623Rule Taiwan 1953 1959 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
624Rule Taiwan 1955 1961 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
625Rule Taiwan 1960 1961 - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D
626Rule Taiwan 1974 1975 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
627Rule Taiwan 1974 1975 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
628Rule Taiwan 1979 only - Jun 30 0:00 1:00 D
629Rule Taiwan 1979 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 S
630
631# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
632Zone Asia/Taipei 8:06:00 - LMT 1896 # or Taibei or T'ai-pei
633 8:00 Taiwan C%sT
634
635# Macau (Macao, Aomen)
636# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
637Rule Macau 1961 1962 - Mar Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S
638Rule Macau 1961 1964 - Nov Sun>=1 3:30 0 -
639Rule Macau 1963 only - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 S
640Rule Macau 1964 only - Mar Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S
641Rule Macau 1965 only - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 S
642Rule Macau 1965 only - Oct 31 0:00 0 -
643Rule Macau 1966 1971 - Apr Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S
644Rule Macau 1966 1971 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 -
645Rule Macau 1972 1974 - Apr Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S
646Rule Macau 1972 1973 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 0 -
647Rule Macau 1974 1977 - Oct Sun>=15 3:30 0 -
648Rule Macau 1975 1977 - Apr Sun>=15 3:30 1:00 S
649Rule Macau 1978 1980 - Apr Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S
650Rule Macau 1978 1980 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 0 -
651# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
652Zone Asia/Macau 7:34:20 - LMT 1912
653 8:00 Macau MO%sT 1999 Dec 20 # return to China
654 8:00 PRC C%sT
655
656
657###############################################################################
658
659# Cyprus
660#
661# Milne says the Eastern Telegraph Company used 2:14:00. Stick with LMT.
662#
663# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
664Rule Cyprus 1975 only - Apr 13 0:00 1:00 S
665Rule Cyprus 1975 only - Oct 12 0:00 0 -
666Rule Cyprus 1976 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 S
667Rule Cyprus 1976 only - Oct 11 0:00 0 -
668Rule Cyprus 1977 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
669Rule Cyprus 1977 only - Sep 25 0:00 0 -
670Rule Cyprus 1978 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 -
671Rule Cyprus 1979 1997 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 -
672Rule Cyprus 1981 1998 - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
673# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
674Zone Asia/Nicosia 2:13:28 - LMT 1921 Nov 14
675 2:00 Cyprus EE%sT 1998 Sep
676 2:00 EUAsia EE%sT
677# IATA SSIM (1998-09) has Cyprus using EU rules for the first time.
678
679# Classically, Cyprus belongs to Asia; e.g. see Herodotus, Histories, I.72.
680# However, for various reasons many users expect to find it under Europe.
681Link Asia/Nicosia Europe/Nicosia
682
683# Georgia
684# From Paul Eggert (1994-11-19):
685# Today's _Economist_ (p 60) reports that Georgia moved its clocks forward
686# an hour recently, due to a law proposed by Zurab Murvanidze,
687# an MP who went on a hunger strike for 11 days to force discussion about it!
688# We have no details, but we'll guess they didn't move the clocks back in fall.
689#
690# From Mathew Englander, quoting AP (1996-10-23 13:05-04):
691# Instead of putting back clocks at the end of October, Georgia
692# will stay on daylight savings time this winter to save energy,
693# President Eduard Shevardnadze decreed Wednesday.
694#
695# From the BBC via Joseph S. Myers (2004-06-27):
696#
697# Georgia moved closer to Western Europe on Sunday... The former Soviet
698# republic has changed its time zone back to that of Moscow. As a result it
699# is now just four hours ahead of Greenwich Mean Time, rather than five hours
700# ahead. The switch was decreed by the pro-Western president of Georgia,
701# Mikhail Saakashvili, who said the change was partly prompted by the process
702# of integration into Europe.
703
704# From Teimuraz Abashidze (2005-11-07):
705# Government of Georgia ... decided to NOT CHANGE daylight savings time on
706# [Oct.] 30, as it was done before during last more than 10 years.
707# Currently, we are in fact GMT +4:00, as before 30 October it was GMT
708# +3:00.... The problem is, there is NO FORMAL LAW or governmental document
709# about it. As far as I can find, I was told, that there is no document,
710# because we just DIDN'T ISSUE document about switching to winter time....
711# I don't know what can be done, especially knowing that some years ago our
712# DST rules where changed THREE TIMES during one month.
713
714
715# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
716Zone Asia/Tbilisi 2:59:16 - LMT 1880
717 2:59:16 - TBMT 1924 May 2 # Tbilisi Mean Time
718 3:00 - TBIT 1957 Mar # Tbilisi Time
719 4:00 RussiaAsia TBI%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
720 3:00 1:00 TBIST 1991 Apr 9 # independence
721 3:00 RussiaAsia GE%sT 1992 # Georgia Time
722 3:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 1994 Sep lastSun
723 4:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 1996 Oct lastSun
724 4:00 1:00 GEST 1997 Mar lastSun
725 4:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 2004 Jun 27
726 3:00 RussiaAsia GE%sT 2005 Mar lastSun 2:00
727 4:00 - GET
728
729# East Timor
730
731# See Indonesia for the 1945 transition.
732
733# From Joao Carrascalao, brother of the former governor of East Timor, in
734# <a href="http://etan.org/et99c/december/26-31/30ETMAY.htm">
735# East Timor may be late for its millennium
736# </a> (1999-12-26/31):
737# Portugal tried to change the time forward in 1974 because the sun
738# rises too early but the suggestion raised a lot of problems with the
739# Timorese and I still don't think it would work today because it
740# conflicts with their way of life.
741
742# From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04):
743# We don't have any record of the above attempt.
744# Most likely our records are incomplete, but we have no better data.
745
746# <a href="http://www.hri.org/news/world/undh/last/00-08-16.undh.html">
747# From Manoel de Almeida e Silva, Deputy Spokesman for the UN Secretary-General
748# (2000-08-16)</a>:
749# The Cabinet of the East Timor Transition Administration decided
750# today to advance East Timor's time by one hour. The time change,
751# which will be permanent, with no seasonal adjustment, will happen at
752# midnight on Saturday, September 16.
753
754# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
755Zone Asia/Dili 8:22:20 - LMT 1912
756 8:00 - TLT 1942 Feb 21 23:00 # E Timor Time
757 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 23
758 9:00 - TLT 1976 May 3
759 8:00 - WITA 2000 Sep 17 00:00
760 9:00 - TLT
761
762# India
763# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
764Zone Asia/Kolkata 5:53:28 - LMT 1880 # Kolkata
765 5:53:20 - HMT 1941 Oct # Howrah Mean Time?
766 6:30 - BURT 1942 May 15 # Burma Time
767 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep
768 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 15
769 5:30 - IST
770# The following are like Asia/Kolkata:
771# Andaman Is
772# Lakshadweep (Laccadive, Minicoy and Amindivi Is)
773# Nicobar Is
774
775# Indonesia
776#
777# From Gwillim Law (2001-05-28), overriding Shanks & Pottenger:
778# <http://www.sumatera-inc.com/go_to_invest/about_indonesia.asp#standtime>
779# says that Indonesia's time zones changed on 1988-01-01. Looking at some
780# time zone maps, I think that must refer to Western Borneo (Kalimantan Barat
781# and Kalimantan Tengah) switching from UTC+8 to UTC+7.
782#
783# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-10):
784# Here is another correction to Shanks & Pottenger.
785# JohnTWB writes that Japanese forces did not surrender control in
786# Indonesia until 1945-09-01 00:00 at the earliest (in Jakarta) and
787# other formal surrender ceremonies were September 9, 11, and 13, plus
788# September 12 for the regional surrender to Mountbatten in Singapore.
789# These would be the earliest possible times for a change.
790# Regimes horaires pour le monde entier, by Henri Le Corre, (Editions
791# Traditionnelles, 1987, Paris) says that Java and Madura switched
792# from JST to UTC+07:30 on 1945-09-23, and gives 1944-09-01 for Jayapura
793# (Hollandia). For now, assume all Indonesian locations other than Jayapura
794# switched on 1945-09-23.
795#
796# From Paul Eggert (2013-08-11):
797# Normally the tz database uses English-language abbreviations, but in
798# Indonesia it's typical to use Indonesian-language abbreviations even
799# when writing in English. For example, see the English-language
800# summary published by the Time and Frequency Laboratory of the
801# Research Center for Calibration, Instrumentation and Metrology,
802# Indonesia, <http://time.kim.lipi.go.id/time-eng.php> (2006-09-29).
803# The abbreviations are:
804#
805# WIB - UTC+7 - Waktu Indonesia Barat (Indonesia western time)
806# WITA - UTC+8 - Waktu Indonesia Tengah (Indonesia central time)
807# WIT - UTC+9 - Waktu Indonesia Timur (Indonesia eastern time)
808#
809# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
810# Java, Sumatra
811Zone Asia/Jakarta 7:07:12 - LMT 1867 Aug 10
812# Shanks & Pottenger say the next transition was at 1924 Jan 1 0:13,
813# but this must be a typo.
814 7:07:12 - BMT 1923 Dec 31 23:47:12 # Batavia
815 7:20 - JAVT 1932 Nov # Java Time
816 7:30 - WIB 1942 Mar 23
817 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 23
818 7:30 - WIB 1948 May
819 8:00 - WIB 1950 May
820 7:30 - WIB 1964
821 7:00 - WIB
822# west and central Borneo
823Zone Asia/Pontianak 7:17:20 - LMT 1908 May
824 7:17:20 - PMT 1932 Nov # Pontianak MT
825 7:30 - WIB 1942 Jan 29
826 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 23
827 7:30 - WIB 1948 May
828 8:00 - WIB 1950 May
829 7:30 - WIB 1964
830 8:00 - WITA 1988 Jan 1
831 7:00 - WIB
832# Sulawesi, Lesser Sundas, east and south Borneo
833Zone Asia/Makassar 7:57:36 - LMT 1920
834 7:57:36 - MMT 1932 Nov # Macassar MT
835 8:00 - WITA 1942 Feb 9
836 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 23
837 8:00 - WITA
838# Maluku Islands, West Papua, Papua
839Zone Asia/Jayapura 9:22:48 - LMT 1932 Nov
840 9:00 - WIT 1944 Sep 1
841 9:30 - CST 1964
842 9:00 - WIT
843
844# Iran
845
846# From Roozbeh Pournader (2003-03-15):
847# This is an English translation of what I just found (originally in Persian).
848# The Gregorian dates in brackets are mine:
849#
850# Official Newspaper No. 13548-1370/6/25 [1991-09-16]
851# No. 16760/T233 H 1370/6/10 [1991-09-01]
852#
853# The Rule About Change of the Official Time of the Country
854#
855# The Board of Ministers, in the meeting dated 1370/5/23 [1991-08-14],
856# based on the suggestion number 2221/D dated 1370/4/22 [1991-07-13]
857# of the Country's Organization for Official and Employment Affairs,
858# and referring to the law for equating the working hours of workers
859# and officers in the whole country dated 1359/4/23 [1980-07-14], and
860# for synchronizing the official times of the country, agreed that:
861#
862# The official time of the country will should move forward one hour
863# at the 24[:00] hours of the first day of Farvardin and should return
864# to its previous state at the 24[:00] hours of the 30th day of
865# Shahrivar.
866#
867# First Deputy to the President - Hassan Habibi
868#
869# From personal experience, that agrees with what has been followed
870# for at least the last 5 years. Before that, for a few years, the
871# date used was the first Thursday night of Farvardin and the last
872# Thursday night of Shahrivar, but I can't give exact dates....
873# I have also changed the abbreviations to what is considered correct
874# here in Iran, IRST for regular time and IRDT for daylight saving time.
875#
876# From Roozbeh Pournader (2005-04-05):
877# The text of the Iranian law, in effect since 1925, clearly mentions
878# that the true solar year is the measure, and there is no arithmetic
879# leap year calculation involved. There has never been any serious
880# plan to change that law....
881#
882# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
883# Go with Shanks & Pottenger before Sept. 1991, and with Pournader thereafter.
884# I used Ed Reingold's cal-persia in GNU Emacs 21.2 to check Persian dates,
885# stopping after 2037 when 32-bit time_t's overflow.
886# That cal-persia used Birashk's approximation, which disagrees with the solar
887# calendar predictions for the year 2025, so I corrected those dates by hand.
888#
889# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-03-30), writing about future
890# discrepancies between cal-persia and the Iranian calendar:
891# For 2091 solar-longitude-after yields 2091-03-20 08:40:07.7 UT for
892# the vernal equinox and that gets so close to 12:00 some local
893# Iranian time that the definition of the correct location needs to be
894# known exactly, amongst other factors. 2157 is even closer:
895# 2157-03-20 08:37:15.5 UT. But the Gregorian year 2025 should give
896# no interpretation problem whatsoever. By the way, another instant
897# in the near future where there will be a discrepancy between
898# arithmetical and astronomical Iranian calendars will be in 2058:
899# vernal equinox on 2058-03-20 09:03:05.9 UT. The Java version of
900# Reingold's/Dershowitz' calculator gives correctly the Gregorian date
901# 2058-03-21 for 1 Farvardin 1437 (astronomical).
902#
903# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-03-22):
904# Several of my users have reported that Iran will not observe DST anymore:
905# http://www.irna.ir/en/news/view/line-17/0603193812164948.htm
906#
907# From Reuters (2007-09-16), with a heads-up from Jesper Norgaard Welen:
908# ... the Guardian Council ... approved a law on Sunday to re-introduce
909# daylight saving time ...
910# http://uk.reuters.com/article/oilRpt/idUKBLA65048420070916
911#
912# From Roozbeh Pournader (2007-11-05):
913# This is quoted from Official Gazette of the Islamic Republic of
914# Iran, Volume 63, Number 18242, dated Tuesday 1386/6/24
915# [2007-10-16]. I am doing the best translation I can:...
916# The official time of the country will be moved forward for one hour
917# on the 24 hours of the first day of the month of Farvardin and will
918# be changed back to its previous state on the 24 hours of the
919# thirtieth day of Shahrivar.
920#
921# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
922Rule Iran 1978 1980 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D
923Rule Iran 1978 only - Oct 21 0:00 0 S
924Rule Iran 1979 only - Sep 19 0:00 0 S
925Rule Iran 1980 only - Sep 23 0:00 0 S
926Rule Iran 1991 only - May 3 0:00 1:00 D
927Rule Iran 1992 1995 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D
928Rule Iran 1991 1995 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
929Rule Iran 1996 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D
930Rule Iran 1996 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S
931Rule Iran 1997 1999 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D
932Rule Iran 1997 1999 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
933Rule Iran 2000 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D
934Rule Iran 2000 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S
935Rule Iran 2001 2003 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D
936Rule Iran 2001 2003 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
937Rule Iran 2004 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D
938Rule Iran 2004 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S
939Rule Iran 2005 only - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D
940Rule Iran 2005 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
941Rule Iran 2008 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D
942Rule Iran 2008 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S
943Rule Iran 2009 2011 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D
944Rule Iran 2009 2011 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
945Rule Iran 2012 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D
946Rule Iran 2012 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S
947Rule Iran 2013 2015 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D
948Rule Iran 2013 2015 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
949Rule Iran 2016 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D
950Rule Iran 2016 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S
951Rule Iran 2017 2019 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D
952Rule Iran 2017 2019 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
953Rule Iran 2020 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D
954Rule Iran 2020 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S
955Rule Iran 2021 2023 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D
956Rule Iran 2021 2023 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
957Rule Iran 2024 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D
958Rule Iran 2024 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S
959Rule Iran 2025 2027 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D
960Rule Iran 2025 2027 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
961Rule Iran 2028 2029 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D
962Rule Iran 2028 2029 - Sep 21 0:00 0 S
963Rule Iran 2030 2031 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D
964Rule Iran 2030 2031 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
965Rule Iran 2032 2033 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D
966Rule Iran 2032 2033 - Sep 21 0:00 0 S
967Rule Iran 2034 2035 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D
968Rule Iran 2034 2035 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
969Rule Iran 2036 2037 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D
970Rule Iran 2036 2037 - Sep 21 0:00 0 S
971# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
972Zone Asia/Tehran 3:25:44 - LMT 1916
973 3:25:44 - TMT 1946 # Tehran Mean Time
974 3:30 - IRST 1977 Nov
975 4:00 Iran IR%sT 1979
976 3:30 Iran IR%sT
977
978
979# Iraq
980#
981# From Jonathan Lennox (2000-06-12):
982# An article in this week's Economist ("Inside the Saddam-free zone", p. 50 in
983# the U.S. edition) on the Iraqi Kurds contains a paragraph:
984# "The three northern provinces ... switched their clocks this spring and
985# are an hour ahead of Baghdad."
986#
987# But Rives McDow (2000-06-18) quotes a contact in Iraqi-Kurdistan as follows:
988# In the past, some Kurdish nationalists, as a protest to the Iraqi
989# Government, did not adhere to daylight saving time. They referred
990# to daylight saving as Saddam time. But, as of today, the time zone
991# in Iraqi-Kurdistan is on standard time with Baghdad, Iraq.
992#
993# So we'll ignore the Economist's claim.
994
995# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-03-10):
996# The cabinet in Iraq abolished DST last week, according to the following
997# news sources (in Arabic):
998# <a href="http://www.aljeeran.net/wesima_articles/news-20080305-98602.html">
999# http://www.aljeeran.net/wesima_articles/news-20080305-98602.html
1000# </a>
1001# <a href="http://www.aswataliraq.info/look/article.tpl?id=2047&IdLanguage=17&IdPublication=4&NrArticle=71743&NrIssue=1&NrSection=10">
1002# http://www.aswataliraq.info/look/article.tpl?id=2047&IdLanguage=17&IdPublication=4&NrArticle=71743&NrIssue=1&NrSection=10
1003# </a>
1004#
1005# We have published a short article in English about the change:
1006# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/iraq-dumps-daylight-saving.html">
1007# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/iraq-dumps-daylight-saving.html
1008# </a>
1009
1010# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1011Rule Iraq 1982 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
1012Rule Iraq 1982 1984 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
1013Rule Iraq 1983 only - Mar 31 0:00 1:00 D
1014Rule Iraq 1984 1985 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
1015Rule Iraq 1985 1990 - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 S
1016Rule Iraq 1986 1990 - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 D
1017# IATA SSIM (1991/1996) says Apr 1 12:01am UTC; guess the `:01' is a typo.
1018# Shanks & Pottenger say Iraq did not observe DST 1992/1997; ignore this.
1019#
1020Rule Iraq 1991 2007 - Apr 1 3:00s 1:00 D
1021Rule Iraq 1991 2007 - Oct 1 3:00s 0 S
1022# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1023Zone Asia/Baghdad 2:57:40 - LMT 1890
1024 2:57:36 - BMT 1918 # Baghdad Mean Time?
1025 3:00 - AST 1982 May
1026 3:00 Iraq A%sT
1027
1028
1029###############################################################################
1030
1031# Israel
1032
1033# From Ephraim Silverberg (2001-01-11):
1034#
1035# I coined "IST/IDT" circa 1988. Until then there were three
1036# different abbreviations in use:
1037#
1038# JST Jerusalem Standard Time [Danny Braniss, Hebrew University]
1039# IZT Israel Zonal (sic) Time [Prof. Haim Papo, Technion]
1040# EEST Eastern Europe Standard Time [used by almost everyone else]
1041#
1042# Since timezones should be called by country and not capital cities,
1043# I ruled out JST. As Israel is in Asia Minor and not Eastern Europe,
1044# EEST was equally unacceptable. Since "zonal" was not compatible with
1045# any other timezone abbreviation, I felt that 'IST' was the way to go
1046# and, indeed, it has received almost universal acceptance in timezone
1047# settings in Israeli computers.
1048#
1049# In any case, I am happy to share timezone abbreviations with India,
1050# high on my favorite-country list (and not only because my wife's
1051# family is from India).
1052
1053# From Shanks & Pottenger:
1054# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1055Rule Zion 1940 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D
1056Rule Zion 1942 1944 - Nov 1 0:00 0 S
1057Rule Zion 1943 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D
1058Rule Zion 1944 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
1059Rule Zion 1945 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 D
1060Rule Zion 1945 only - Nov 1 2:00 0 S
1061Rule Zion 1946 only - Apr 16 2:00 1:00 D
1062Rule Zion 1946 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 S
1063Rule Zion 1948 only - May 23 0:00 2:00 DD
1064Rule Zion 1948 only - Sep 1 0:00 1:00 D
1065Rule Zion 1948 1949 - Nov 1 2:00 0 S
1066Rule Zion 1949 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
1067Rule Zion 1950 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 D
1068Rule Zion 1950 only - Sep 15 3:00 0 S
1069Rule Zion 1951 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
1070Rule Zion 1951 only - Nov 11 3:00 0 S
1071Rule Zion 1952 only - Apr 20 2:00 1:00 D
1072Rule Zion 1952 only - Oct 19 3:00 0 S
1073Rule Zion 1953 only - Apr 12 2:00 1:00 D
1074Rule Zion 1953 only - Sep 13 3:00 0 S
1075Rule Zion 1954 only - Jun 13 0:00 1:00 D
1076Rule Zion 1954 only - Sep 12 0:00 0 S
1077Rule Zion 1955 only - Jun 11 2:00 1:00 D
1078Rule Zion 1955 only - Sep 11 0:00 0 S
1079Rule Zion 1956 only - Jun 3 0:00 1:00 D
1080Rule Zion 1956 only - Sep 30 3:00 0 S
1081Rule Zion 1957 only - Apr 29 2:00 1:00 D
1082Rule Zion 1957 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
1083Rule Zion 1974 only - Jul 7 0:00 1:00 D
1084Rule Zion 1974 only - Oct 13 0:00 0 S
1085Rule Zion 1975 only - Apr 20 0:00 1:00 D
1086Rule Zion 1975 only - Aug 31 0:00 0 S
1087Rule Zion 1985 only - Apr 14 0:00 1:00 D
1088Rule Zion 1985 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S
1089Rule Zion 1986 only - May 18 0:00 1:00 D
1090Rule Zion 1986 only - Sep 7 0:00 0 S
1091Rule Zion 1987 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 D
1092Rule Zion 1987 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S
| 1# <pre>
2# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of
3# 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson.
4
5# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
6# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
7# tz@iana.org for general use in the future).
8
9# From Paul Eggert (2013-08-11):
10#
11# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is
12# Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition),
13# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003).
14#
15# Gwillim Law writes that a good source
16# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
17# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
18# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries
19# of the IATA's data after 1990.
20#
21# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks & Pottenger is the source for
22# entries through 1990, and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards.
23#
24# Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences,
25# Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which
26# I found in the UCLA library.
27#
28# For data circa 1899, a common source is:
29# Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94
30# <http://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359>.
31#
32# A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is
33# Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997).
34#
35# I invented the abbreviations marked `*' in the following table;
36# the rest are from earlier versions of this file, or from other sources.
37# Corrections are welcome!
38# std dst
39# LMT Local Mean Time
40# 2:00 EET EEST Eastern European Time
41# 2:00 IST IDT Israel
42# 3:00 AST ADT Arabia*
43# 3:30 IRST IRDT Iran
44# 4:00 GST Gulf*
45# 5:30 IST India
46# 7:00 ICT Indochina*
47# 7:00 WIB west Indonesia (Waktu Indonesia Barat)
48# 8:00 WITA central Indonesia (Waktu Indonesia Tengah)
49# 8:00 CST China
50# 9:00 CJT Central Japanese Time (1896/1937)*
51# 9:00 WIT east Indonesia (Waktu Indonesia Timur)
52# 9:00 JST JDT Japan
53# 9:00 KST KDT Korea
54# 9:30 CST (Australian) Central Standard Time
55#
56# See the `europe' file for Russia and Turkey in Asia.
57
58# From Guy Harris:
59# Incorporates data for Singapore from Robert Elz' asia 1.1, as well as
60# additional information from Tom Yap, Sun Microsystems Intercontinental
61# Technical Support (including a page from the Official Airline Guide -
62# Worldwide Edition). The names for time zones are guesses.
63
64###############################################################################
65
66# These rules are stolen from the `europe' file.
67# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
68Rule EUAsia 1981 max - Mar lastSun 1:00u 1:00 S
69Rule EUAsia 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 1:00u 0 -
70Rule EUAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u 0 -
71Rule E-EurAsia 1981 max - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
72Rule E-EurAsia 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 -
73Rule E-EurAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 -
74Rule RussiaAsia 1981 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
75Rule RussiaAsia 1981 1983 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
76Rule RussiaAsia 1984 1991 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 -
77Rule RussiaAsia 1985 1991 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S
78Rule RussiaAsia 1992 only - Mar lastSat 23:00 1:00 S
79Rule RussiaAsia 1992 only - Sep lastSat 23:00 0 -
80Rule RussiaAsia 1993 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S
81Rule RussiaAsia 1993 1995 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 -
82Rule RussiaAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 -
83
84# Afghanistan
85# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
86Zone Asia/Kabul 4:36:48 - LMT 1890
87 4:00 - AFT 1945
88 4:30 - AFT
89
90# Armenia
91# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
92# Shanks & Pottenger have Yerevan switching to 3:00 (with Russian DST)
93# in spring 1991, then to 4:00 with no DST in fall 1995, then
94# readopting Russian DST in 1997. Go with Shanks & Pottenger, even
95# when they disagree with others. Edgar Der-Danieliantz
96# reported (1996-05-04) that Yerevan probably wouldn't use DST
97# in 1996, though it did use DST in 1995. IATA SSIM (1991/1998) reports that
98# Armenia switched from 3:00 to 4:00 in 1998 and observed DST after 1991,
99# but started switching at 3:00s in 1998.
100
101# From Arthur David Olson (2011-06-15):
102# While Russia abandoned DST in 2011, Armenia may choose to
103# follow Russia's "old" rules.
104
105# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2012-02-10):
106# According to News Armenia, on Feb 9, 2012,
107# http://newsarmenia.ru/society/20120209/42609695.html
108#
109# The Armenia National Assembly adopted final reading of Amendments to the
110# Law "On procedure of calculation time on the territory of the Republic of
111# Armenia" according to which Armenia [is] abolishing Daylight Saving Time.
112# or
113# (brief)
114# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_armenia03.html
115# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
116Zone Asia/Yerevan 2:58:00 - LMT 1924 May 2
117 3:00 - YERT 1957 Mar # Yerevan Time
118 4:00 RussiaAsia YER%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
119 3:00 1:00 YERST 1991 Sep 23 # independence
120 3:00 RussiaAsia AM%sT 1995 Sep 24 2:00s
121 4:00 - AMT 1997
122 4:00 RussiaAsia AM%sT 2012 Mar 25 2:00s
123 4:00 - AMT
124
125# Azerbaijan
126# From Rustam Aliyev of the Azerbaijan Internet Forum (2005-10-23):
127# According to the resolution of Cabinet of Ministers, 1997
128# Resolution available at: http://aif.az/docs/daylight_res.pdf
129# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
130Rule Azer 1997 max - Mar lastSun 4:00 1:00 S
131Rule Azer 1997 max - Oct lastSun 5:00 0 -
132# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
133Zone Asia/Baku 3:19:24 - LMT 1924 May 2
134 3:00 - BAKT 1957 Mar # Baku Time
135 4:00 RussiaAsia BAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
136 3:00 1:00 BAKST 1991 Aug 30 # independence
137 3:00 RussiaAsia AZ%sT 1992 Sep lastSat 23:00
138 4:00 - AZT 1996 # Azerbaijan time
139 4:00 EUAsia AZ%sT 1997
140 4:00 Azer AZ%sT
141
142# Bahrain
143# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
144Zone Asia/Bahrain 3:22:20 - LMT 1920 # Al Manamah
145 4:00 - GST 1972 Jun
146 3:00 - AST
147
148# Bangladesh
149# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-05-13):
150# According to newspaper Asian Tribune (May 6, 2009) Bangladesh may introduce
151# Daylight Saving Time from June 16 to Sept 30
152#
153# Bangladesh to introduce daylight saving time likely from June 16
154# <a href="http://www.asiantribune.com/?q=node/17288">
155# http://www.asiantribune.com/?q=node/17288
156# </a>
157# or
158# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh02.html">
159# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh02.html
160# </a>
161#
162# "... Bangladesh government has decided to switch daylight saving time from
163# June
164# 16 till September 30 in a bid to ensure maximum use of daylight to cope with
165# crippling power crisis. "
166#
167# The switch will remain in effect from June 16 to Sept 30 (2009) but if
168# implemented the next year, it will come in force from April 1, 2010
169
170# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-06-02):
171# They have finally decided now, but changed the start date to midnight between
172# the 19th and 20th, and they have not set the end date yet.
173#
174# Some sources:
175# <a href="http://in.reuters.com/article/southAsiaNews/idINIndia-40017620090601">
176# http://in.reuters.com/article/southAsiaNews/idINIndia-40017620090601
177# </a>
178# <a href="http://bdnews24.com/details.php?id=85889&cid=2">
179# http://bdnews24.com/details.php?id=85889&cid=2
180# </a>
181#
182# Our wrap-up:
183# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/bangladesh-daylight-saving-2009.html">
184# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/bangladesh-daylight-saving-2009.html
185# </a>
186
187# From A. N. M. Kamrus Saadat (2009-06-15):
188# Finally we've got the official mail regarding DST start time where DST start
189# time is mentioned as Jun 19 2009, 23:00 from BTRC (Bangladesh
190# Telecommunication Regulatory Commission).
191#
192# No DST end date has been announced yet.
193
194# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-09-25):
195# Bangladesh won't go back to Standard Time from October 1, 2009,
196# instead it will continue DST measure till the cabinet makes a fresh decision.
197#
198# Following report by same newspaper-"The Daily Star Friday":
199# "DST change awaits cabinet decision-Clock won't go back by 1-hr from Oct 1"
200# <a href="http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=107021">
201# http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=107021
202# </a>
203# or
204# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh04.html">
205# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh04.html
206# </a>
207
208# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-10-13):
209# IANS (Indo-Asian News Service) now reports:
210# Bangladesh has decided that the clock advanced by an hour to make
211# maximum use of daylight hours as an energy saving measure would
212# "continue for an indefinite period."
213#
214# One of many places where it is published:
215# <a href="http://www.thaindian.com/newsportal/business/bangladesh-to-continue-indefinitely-with-advanced-time_100259987.html">
216# http://www.thaindian.com/newsportal/business/bangladesh-to-continue-indefinitely-with-advanced-time_100259987.html
217# </a>
218
219# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-12-24):
220# According to Bangladesh newspaper "The Daily Star,"
221# Bangladesh will change its clock back to Standard Time on Dec 31, 2009.
222#
223# Clock goes back 1-hr on Dec 31 night.
224# <a href="http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=119228">
225# http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=119228
226# </a>
227# and
228# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh05.html">
229# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh05.html
230# </a>
231#
232# "...The government yesterday decided to put the clock back by one hour
233# on December 31 midnight and the new time will continue until March 31,
234# 2010 midnight. The decision came at a cabinet meeting at the Prime
235# Minister's Office last night..."
236
237# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-03-22):
238# According to Bangladesh newspaper "The Daily Star,"
239# Cabinet cancels Daylight Saving Time
240# <a href="http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/latest_news.php?nid=22817">
241# http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/latest_news.php?nid=22817
242# </a>
243# or
244# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh06.html">
245# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh06.html
246# </a>
247
248# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
249Rule Dhaka 2009 only - Jun 19 23:00 1:00 S
250Rule Dhaka 2009 only - Dec 31 23:59 0 -
251
252# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
253Zone Asia/Dhaka 6:01:40 - LMT 1890
254 5:53:20 - HMT 1941 Oct # Howrah Mean Time?
255 6:30 - BURT 1942 May 15 # Burma Time
256 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep
257 6:30 - BURT 1951 Sep 30
258 6:00 - DACT 1971 Mar 26 # Dacca Time
259 6:00 - BDT 2009
260 6:00 Dhaka BD%sT
261
262# Bhutan
263# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
264Zone Asia/Thimphu 5:58:36 - LMT 1947 Aug 15 # or Thimbu
265 5:30 - IST 1987 Oct
266 6:00 - BTT # Bhutan Time
267
268# British Indian Ocean Territory
269# Whitman and the 1995 CIA time zone map say 5:00, but the
270# 1997 and later maps say 6:00. Assume the switch occurred in 1996.
271# We have no information as to when standard time was introduced;
272# assume it occurred in 1907, the same year as Mauritius (which
273# then contained the Chagos Archipelago).
274# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
275Zone Indian/Chagos 4:49:40 - LMT 1907
276 5:00 - IOT 1996 # BIOT Time
277 6:00 - IOT
278
279# Brunei
280# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
281Zone Asia/Brunei 7:39:40 - LMT 1926 Mar # Bandar Seri Begawan
282 7:30 - BNT 1933
283 8:00 - BNT
284
285# Burma / Myanmar
286
287# Milne says 6:24:40 was the meridian of the time ball observatory at Rangoon.
288
289# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
290Zone Asia/Rangoon 6:24:40 - LMT 1880 # or Yangon
291 6:24:40 - RMT 1920 # Rangoon Mean Time?
292 6:30 - BURT 1942 May # Burma Time
293 9:00 - JST 1945 May 3
294 6:30 - MMT # Myanmar Time
295
296# Cambodia
297# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
298Zone Asia/Phnom_Penh 6:59:40 - LMT 1906 Jun 9
299 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT?
300 7:00 - ICT 1912 May
301 8:00 - ICT 1931 May
302 7:00 - ICT
303
304# China
305
306# From Guy Harris:
307# People's Republic of China. Yes, they really have only one time zone.
308
309# From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
310# No they don't. See TIME mag, 1986-02-17 p.52. Even though
311# China is across 4 physical time zones, before Feb 1, 1986 only the
312# Peking (Bejing) time zone was recognized. Since that date, China
313# has two of 'em -- Peking's and Urumqi (named after the capital of
314# the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region). I don't know about DST for it.
315#
316# . . .I just deleted the DST table and this editor makes it too
317# painful to suck in another copy.. So, here is what I have for
318# DST start/end dates for Peking's time zone (info from AP):
319#
320# 1986 May 4 - Sept 14
321# 1987 mid-April - ??
322
323# From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19):
324# CHINA 8 H AHEAD OF UTC ALL OF CHINA, INCL TAIWAN
325# CHINA 9 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 17 - SEP 10
326
327# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
328# Shanks & Pottenger write that China (except for Hong Kong and Macau)
329# has had a single time zone since 1980 May 1, observing summer DST
330# from 1986 through 1991; this contradicts Devine's
331# note about Time magazine, though apparently _something_ happened in 1986.
332# Go with Shanks & Pottenger for now. I made up names for the other
333# pre-1980 time zones.
334
335# From Shanks & Pottenger:
336# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
337Rule Shang 1940 only - Jun 3 0:00 1:00 D
338Rule Shang 1940 1941 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
339Rule Shang 1941 only - Mar 16 0:00 1:00 D
340Rule PRC 1986 only - May 4 0:00 1:00 D
341Rule PRC 1986 1991 - Sep Sun>=11 0:00 0 S
342Rule PRC 1987 1991 - Apr Sun>=10 0:00 1:00 D
343
344# From Anthony Fok (2001-12-20):
345# BTW, I did some research on-line and found some info regarding these five
346# historic timezones from some Taiwan websites. And yes, there are official
347# Chinese names for these locales (before 1949).
348#
349# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-07-14):
350# I have investigated the timezones around 1970 on the
351# http://www.astro.com/atlas site [with provinces and county
352# boundaries summarized below].... A few other exceptions were two
353# counties on the Sichuan side of the Xizang-Sichuan border,
354# counties Dege and Baiyu which lies on the Sichuan side and are
355# therefore supposed to be GMT+7, Xizang region being GMT+6, but Dege
356# county is GMT+8 according to astro.com while Baiyu county is GMT+6
357# (could be true), for the moment I am assuming that those two
358# counties are mistakes in the astro.com data.
359
360# From Paul Eggert (2008-02-11):
361# I just now checked Google News for western news sources that talk
362# about China's single time zone, and couldn't find anything before 1986
363# talking about China being in one time zone. (That article was: Jim
364# Mann, "A clumsy embrace for another western custom: China on daylight
365# time--sort of", Los Angeles Times, 1986-05-05. By the way, this
366# article confirms the tz database's data claiming that China began
367# observing daylight saving time in 1986.
368#
369# From Thomas S. Mullaney (2008-02-11):
370# I think you're combining two subjects that need to treated
371# separately: daylight savings (which, you're correct, wasn't
372# implemented until the 1980s) and the unified time zone centered near
373# Beijing (which was implemented in 1949). Briefly, there was also a
374# "Lhasa Time" in Tibet and "Urumqi Time" in Xinjiang. The first was
375# ceased, and the second eventually recognized (again, in the 1980s).
376#
377# From Paul Eggert (2008-06-30):
378# There seems to be a good chance China switched to a single time zone in 1949
379# rather than in 1980 as Shanks & Pottenger have it, but we don't have a
380# reliable documentary source saying so yet, so for now we still go with
381# Shanks & Pottenger.
382
383# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
384# Changbai Time ("Long-white Time", Long-white = Heilongjiang area)
385# Heilongjiang (except Mohe county), Jilin
386Zone Asia/Harbin 8:26:44 - LMT 1928 # or Haerbin
387 8:30 - CHAT 1932 Mar # Changbai Time
388 8:00 - CST 1940
389 9:00 - CHAT 1966 May
390 8:30 - CHAT 1980 May
391 8:00 PRC C%sT
392# Zhongyuan Time ("Central plain Time")
393# most of China
394# Milne gives 8:05:56.7; round to nearest.
395Zone Asia/Shanghai 8:05:57 - LMT 1928
396 8:00 Shang C%sT 1949
397 8:00 PRC C%sT
398# Long-shu Time (probably due to Long and Shu being two names of that area)
399# Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Ningxia, Sichuan, Shaanxi, and Yunnan;
400# most of Gansu; west Inner Mongolia; west Qinghai; and the Guangdong
401# counties Deqing, Enping, Kaiping, Luoding, Taishan, Xinxing,
402# Yangchun, Yangjiang, Yu'nan, and Yunfu.
403Zone Asia/Chongqing 7:06:20 - LMT 1928 # or Chungking
404 7:00 - LONT 1980 May # Long-shu Time
405 8:00 PRC C%sT
406# Xin-zang Time ("Xinjiang-Tibet Time")
407# The Gansu counties Aksay, Anxi, Dunhuang, Subei; west Qinghai;
408# the Guangdong counties Xuwen, Haikang, Suixi, Lianjiang,
409# Zhanjiang, Wuchuan, Huazhou, Gaozhou, Maoming, Dianbai, and Xinyi;
410# east Tibet, including Lhasa, Chamdo, Shigaise, Jimsar, Shawan and Hutubi;
411# east Xinjiang, including Urumqi, Turpan, Karamay, Korla, Minfeng, Jinghe,
412# Wusu, Qiemo, Xinyan, Wulanwusu, Jinghe, Yumin, Tacheng, Tuoli, Emin,
413# Shihezi, Changji, Yanqi, Heshuo, Tuokexun, Tulufan, Shanshan, Hami,
414# Fukang, Kuitun, Kumukuli, Miquan, Qitai, and Turfan.
415Zone Asia/Urumqi 5:50:20 - LMT 1928 # or Urumchi
416 6:00 - URUT 1980 May # Urumqi Time
417 8:00 PRC C%sT
418# Kunlun Time
419# West Tibet, including Pulan, Aheqi, Shufu, Shule;
420# West Xinjiang, including Aksu, Atushi, Yining, Hetian, Cele, Luopu, Nileke,
421# Zhaosu, Tekesi, Gongliu, Chabuchaer, Huocheng, Bole, Pishan, Suiding,
422# and Yarkand.
423
424# From Luther Ma (2009-10-17):
425# Almost all (>99.9%) ethnic Chinese (properly ethnic Han) living in
426# Xinjiang use Chinese Standard Time. Some are aware of Xinjiang time,
427# but have no need of it. All planes, trains, and schools function on
428# what is called "Beijing time." When Han make an appointment in Chinese
429# they implicitly use Beijing time.
430#
431# On the other hand, ethnic Uyghurs, who make up about half the
432# population of Xinjiang, typically use "Xinjiang time" which is two
433# hours behind Beijing time, or UTC +0600. The government of the Xinjiang
434# Uyghur Autonomous Region, (XAUR, or just Xinjiang for short) as well as
435# local governments such as the Urumqi city government use both times in
436# publications, referring to what is popularly called Xinjiang time as
437# "Urumqi time." When Uyghurs make an appointment in the Uyghur language
438# they almost invariably use Xinjiang time.
439#
440# (Their ethnic Han compatriots would typically have no clue of its
441# widespread use, however, because so extremely few of them are fluent in
442# Uyghur, comparable to the number of Anglo-Americans fluent in Navajo.)
443#
444# (...As with the rest of China there was a brief interval ending in 1990
445# or 1991 when summer time was in use. The confusion was severe, with
446# the province not having dual times but four times in use at the same
447# time. Some areas remained on standard Xinjiang time or Beijing time and
448# others moving their clocks ahead.)
449#
450# ...an example of an official website using of Urumqi time.
451#
452# The first few lines of the Google translation of
453# <a href="http://www.fjysgl.gov.cn/show.aspx?id=2379&cid=39">
454# http://www.fjysgl.gov.cn/show.aspx?id=2379&cid=39
455# </a>
456# (retrieved 2009-10-13)
457# > Urumqi fire seven people are missing the alleged losses of at least
458# > 500 million yuan
459# >
460# > (Reporter Dong Liu) the day before 20:20 or so (Urumqi Time 18:20),
461# > Urumqi City Department of International Plaza Luther Qiantang River
462# > burst fire. As of yesterday, 18:30, Urumqi City Fire officers and men
463# > have worked continuously for 22 hours...
464
465# From Luther Ma (2009-11-19):
466# With the risk of being redundant to previous answers these are the most common
467# English "transliterations" (w/o using non-English symbols):
468#
469# 1. Wulumuqi...
470# 2. Kashi...
471# 3. Urumqi...
472# 4. Kashgar...
473# ...
474# 5. It seems that Uyghurs in Urumqi has been using Xinjiang since at least the
475# 1960's. I know of one Han, now over 50, who grew up in the surrounding
476# countryside and used Xinjiang time as a child.
477#
478# 6. Likewise for Kashgar and the rest of south Xinjiang I don't know of any
479# start date for Xinjiang time.
480#
481# Without having access to local historical records, nor the ability to legally
482# publish them, I would go with October 1, 1949, when Xinjiang became the Uyghur
483# Autonomous Region under the PRC. (Before that Uyghurs, of course, would also
484# not be using Beijing time, but some local time.)
485
486Zone Asia/Kashgar 5:03:56 - LMT 1928 # or Kashi or Kaxgar
487 5:30 - KAST 1940 # Kashgar Time
488 5:00 - KAST 1980 May
489 8:00 PRC C%sT
490
491
492# Hong Kong (Xianggang)
493
494# Milne gives 7:36:41.7; round this.
495
496# From Lee Yiu Chung (2009-10-24):
497# I found there are some mistakes for the...DST rule for Hong
498# Kong. [According] to the DST record from Hong Kong Observatory (actually,
499# it is not [an] observatory, but the official meteorological agency of HK,
500# and also serves as the official timing agency), there are some missing
501# and incorrect rules. Although the exact switch over time is missing, I
502# think 3:30 is correct. The official DST record for Hong Kong can be
503# obtained from
504# <a href="http://www.hko.gov.hk/gts/time/Summertime.htm">
505# http://www.hko.gov.hk/gts/time/Summertime.htm
506# </a>.
507
508# From Arthur David Olson (2009-10-28):
509# Here are the dates given at
510# <a href="http://www.hko.gov.hk/gts/time/Summertime.htm">
511# http://www.hko.gov.hk/gts/time/Summertime.htm
512# </a>
513# as of 2009-10-28:
514# Year Period
515# 1941 1 Apr to 30 Sep
516# 1942 Whole year
517# 1943 Whole year
518# 1944 Whole year
519# 1945 Whole year
520# 1946 20 Apr to 1 Dec
521# 1947 13 Apr to 30 Dec
522# 1948 2 May to 31 Oct
523# 1949 3 Apr to 30 Oct
524# 1950 2 Apr to 29 Oct
525# 1951 1 Apr to 28 Oct
526# 1952 6 Apr to 25 Oct
527# 1953 5 Apr to 1 Nov
528# 1954 21 Mar to 31 Oct
529# 1955 20 Mar to 6 Nov
530# 1956 18 Mar to 4 Nov
531# 1957 24 Mar to 3 Nov
532# 1958 23 Mar to 2 Nov
533# 1959 22 Mar to 1 Nov
534# 1960 20 Mar to 6 Nov
535# 1961 19 Mar to 5 Nov
536# 1962 18 Mar to 4 Nov
537# 1963 24 Mar to 3 Nov
538# 1964 22 Mar to 1 Nov
539# 1965 18 Apr to 17 Oct
540# 1966 17 Apr to 16 Oct
541# 1967 16 Apr to 22 Oct
542# 1968 21 Apr to 20 Oct
543# 1969 20 Apr to 19 Oct
544# 1970 19 Apr to 18 Oct
545# 1971 18 Apr to 17 Oct
546# 1972 16 Apr to 22 Oct
547# 1973 22 Apr to 21 Oct
548# 1973/74 30 Dec 73 to 20 Oct 74
549# 1975 20 Apr to 19 Oct
550# 1976 18 Apr to 17 Oct
551# 1977 Nil
552# 1978 Nil
553# 1979 13 May to 21 Oct
554# 1980 to Now Nil
555# The page does not give start or end times of day.
556# The page does not give a start date for 1942.
557# The page does not givw an end date for 1945.
558# The Japanese occupation of Hong Kong began on 1941-12-25.
559# The Japanese surrender of Hong Kong was signed 1945-09-15.
560# For lack of anything better, use start of those days as the transition times.
561
562# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
563Rule HK 1941 only - Apr 1 3:30 1:00 S
564Rule HK 1941 only - Sep 30 3:30 0 -
565Rule HK 1946 only - Apr 20 3:30 1:00 S
566Rule HK 1946 only - Dec 1 3:30 0 -
567Rule HK 1947 only - Apr 13 3:30 1:00 S
568Rule HK 1947 only - Dec 30 3:30 0 -
569Rule HK 1948 only - May 2 3:30 1:00 S
570Rule HK 1948 1951 - Oct lastSun 3:30 0 -
571Rule HK 1952 only - Oct 25 3:30 0 -
572Rule HK 1949 1953 - Apr Sun>=1 3:30 1:00 S
573Rule HK 1953 only - Nov 1 3:30 0 -
574Rule HK 1954 1964 - Mar Sun>=18 3:30 1:00 S
575Rule HK 1954 only - Oct 31 3:30 0 -
576Rule HK 1955 1964 - Nov Sun>=1 3:30 0 -
577Rule HK 1965 1976 - Apr Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S
578Rule HK 1965 1976 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 -
579Rule HK 1973 only - Dec 30 3:30 1:00 S
580Rule HK 1979 only - May Sun>=8 3:30 1:00 S
581Rule HK 1979 only - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 -
582# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
583Zone Asia/Hong_Kong 7:36:42 - LMT 1904 Oct 30
584 8:00 HK HK%sT 1941 Dec 25
585 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 15
586 8:00 HK HK%sT
587
588###############################################################################
589
590# Taiwan
591
592# Shanks & Pottenger write that Taiwan observed DST during 1945, when it
593# was still controlled by Japan. This is hard to believe, but we don't
594# have any other information.
595
596# From smallufo (2010-04-03):
597# According to Taiwan's CWB,
598# <a href="http://www.cwb.gov.tw/V6/astronomy/cdata/summert.htm">
599# http://www.cwb.gov.tw/V6/astronomy/cdata/summert.htm
600# </a>
601# Taipei has DST in 1979 between July 1st and Sep 30.
602
603# From Arthur David Olson (2010-04-07):
604# Here's Google's translation of the table at the bottom of the "summert.htm" page:
605# Decade Name Start and end date
606# Republic of China 34 years to 40 years (AD 1945-1951 years) Summer Time May 1 to September 30
607# 41 years of the Republic of China (AD 1952) Daylight Saving Time March 1 to October 31
608# Republic of China 42 years to 43 years (AD 1953-1954 years) Daylight Saving Time April 1 to October 31
609# In the 44 years to 45 years (AD 1955-1956 years) Daylight Saving Time April 1 to September 30
610# Republic of China 46 years to 48 years (AD 1957-1959) Summer Time April 1 to September 30
611# Republic of China 49 years to 50 years (AD 1960-1961) Summer Time June 1 to September 30
612# Republic of China 51 years to 62 years (AD 1962-1973 years) Stop Summer Time
613# Republic of China 63 years to 64 years (1974-1975 AD) Daylight Saving Time April 1 to September 30
614# Republic of China 65 years to 67 years (1976-1978 AD) Stop Daylight Saving Time
615# Republic of China 68 years (AD 1979) Daylight Saving Time July 1 to September 30
616# Republic of China since 69 years (AD 1980) Stop Daylight Saving Time
617
618# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
619Rule Taiwan 1945 1951 - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
620Rule Taiwan 1945 1951 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
621Rule Taiwan 1952 only - Mar 1 0:00 1:00 D
622Rule Taiwan 1952 1954 - Nov 1 0:00 0 S
623Rule Taiwan 1953 1959 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
624Rule Taiwan 1955 1961 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
625Rule Taiwan 1960 1961 - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D
626Rule Taiwan 1974 1975 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
627Rule Taiwan 1974 1975 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
628Rule Taiwan 1979 only - Jun 30 0:00 1:00 D
629Rule Taiwan 1979 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 S
630
631# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
632Zone Asia/Taipei 8:06:00 - LMT 1896 # or Taibei or T'ai-pei
633 8:00 Taiwan C%sT
634
635# Macau (Macao, Aomen)
636# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
637Rule Macau 1961 1962 - Mar Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S
638Rule Macau 1961 1964 - Nov Sun>=1 3:30 0 -
639Rule Macau 1963 only - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 S
640Rule Macau 1964 only - Mar Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S
641Rule Macau 1965 only - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 S
642Rule Macau 1965 only - Oct 31 0:00 0 -
643Rule Macau 1966 1971 - Apr Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S
644Rule Macau 1966 1971 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 -
645Rule Macau 1972 1974 - Apr Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S
646Rule Macau 1972 1973 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 0 -
647Rule Macau 1974 1977 - Oct Sun>=15 3:30 0 -
648Rule Macau 1975 1977 - Apr Sun>=15 3:30 1:00 S
649Rule Macau 1978 1980 - Apr Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S
650Rule Macau 1978 1980 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 0 -
651# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
652Zone Asia/Macau 7:34:20 - LMT 1912
653 8:00 Macau MO%sT 1999 Dec 20 # return to China
654 8:00 PRC C%sT
655
656
657###############################################################################
658
659# Cyprus
660#
661# Milne says the Eastern Telegraph Company used 2:14:00. Stick with LMT.
662#
663# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
664Rule Cyprus 1975 only - Apr 13 0:00 1:00 S
665Rule Cyprus 1975 only - Oct 12 0:00 0 -
666Rule Cyprus 1976 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 S
667Rule Cyprus 1976 only - Oct 11 0:00 0 -
668Rule Cyprus 1977 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
669Rule Cyprus 1977 only - Sep 25 0:00 0 -
670Rule Cyprus 1978 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 -
671Rule Cyprus 1979 1997 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 -
672Rule Cyprus 1981 1998 - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
673# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
674Zone Asia/Nicosia 2:13:28 - LMT 1921 Nov 14
675 2:00 Cyprus EE%sT 1998 Sep
676 2:00 EUAsia EE%sT
677# IATA SSIM (1998-09) has Cyprus using EU rules for the first time.
678
679# Classically, Cyprus belongs to Asia; e.g. see Herodotus, Histories, I.72.
680# However, for various reasons many users expect to find it under Europe.
681Link Asia/Nicosia Europe/Nicosia
682
683# Georgia
684# From Paul Eggert (1994-11-19):
685# Today's _Economist_ (p 60) reports that Georgia moved its clocks forward
686# an hour recently, due to a law proposed by Zurab Murvanidze,
687# an MP who went on a hunger strike for 11 days to force discussion about it!
688# We have no details, but we'll guess they didn't move the clocks back in fall.
689#
690# From Mathew Englander, quoting AP (1996-10-23 13:05-04):
691# Instead of putting back clocks at the end of October, Georgia
692# will stay on daylight savings time this winter to save energy,
693# President Eduard Shevardnadze decreed Wednesday.
694#
695# From the BBC via Joseph S. Myers (2004-06-27):
696#
697# Georgia moved closer to Western Europe on Sunday... The former Soviet
698# republic has changed its time zone back to that of Moscow. As a result it
699# is now just four hours ahead of Greenwich Mean Time, rather than five hours
700# ahead. The switch was decreed by the pro-Western president of Georgia,
701# Mikhail Saakashvili, who said the change was partly prompted by the process
702# of integration into Europe.
703
704# From Teimuraz Abashidze (2005-11-07):
705# Government of Georgia ... decided to NOT CHANGE daylight savings time on
706# [Oct.] 30, as it was done before during last more than 10 years.
707# Currently, we are in fact GMT +4:00, as before 30 October it was GMT
708# +3:00.... The problem is, there is NO FORMAL LAW or governmental document
709# about it. As far as I can find, I was told, that there is no document,
710# because we just DIDN'T ISSUE document about switching to winter time....
711# I don't know what can be done, especially knowing that some years ago our
712# DST rules where changed THREE TIMES during one month.
713
714
715# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
716Zone Asia/Tbilisi 2:59:16 - LMT 1880
717 2:59:16 - TBMT 1924 May 2 # Tbilisi Mean Time
718 3:00 - TBIT 1957 Mar # Tbilisi Time
719 4:00 RussiaAsia TBI%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
720 3:00 1:00 TBIST 1991 Apr 9 # independence
721 3:00 RussiaAsia GE%sT 1992 # Georgia Time
722 3:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 1994 Sep lastSun
723 4:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 1996 Oct lastSun
724 4:00 1:00 GEST 1997 Mar lastSun
725 4:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 2004 Jun 27
726 3:00 RussiaAsia GE%sT 2005 Mar lastSun 2:00
727 4:00 - GET
728
729# East Timor
730
731# See Indonesia for the 1945 transition.
732
733# From Joao Carrascalao, brother of the former governor of East Timor, in
734# <a href="http://etan.org/et99c/december/26-31/30ETMAY.htm">
735# East Timor may be late for its millennium
736# </a> (1999-12-26/31):
737# Portugal tried to change the time forward in 1974 because the sun
738# rises too early but the suggestion raised a lot of problems with the
739# Timorese and I still don't think it would work today because it
740# conflicts with their way of life.
741
742# From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04):
743# We don't have any record of the above attempt.
744# Most likely our records are incomplete, but we have no better data.
745
746# <a href="http://www.hri.org/news/world/undh/last/00-08-16.undh.html">
747# From Manoel de Almeida e Silva, Deputy Spokesman for the UN Secretary-General
748# (2000-08-16)</a>:
749# The Cabinet of the East Timor Transition Administration decided
750# today to advance East Timor's time by one hour. The time change,
751# which will be permanent, with no seasonal adjustment, will happen at
752# midnight on Saturday, September 16.
753
754# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
755Zone Asia/Dili 8:22:20 - LMT 1912
756 8:00 - TLT 1942 Feb 21 23:00 # E Timor Time
757 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 23
758 9:00 - TLT 1976 May 3
759 8:00 - WITA 2000 Sep 17 00:00
760 9:00 - TLT
761
762# India
763# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
764Zone Asia/Kolkata 5:53:28 - LMT 1880 # Kolkata
765 5:53:20 - HMT 1941 Oct # Howrah Mean Time?
766 6:30 - BURT 1942 May 15 # Burma Time
767 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep
768 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 15
769 5:30 - IST
770# The following are like Asia/Kolkata:
771# Andaman Is
772# Lakshadweep (Laccadive, Minicoy and Amindivi Is)
773# Nicobar Is
774
775# Indonesia
776#
777# From Gwillim Law (2001-05-28), overriding Shanks & Pottenger:
778# <http://www.sumatera-inc.com/go_to_invest/about_indonesia.asp#standtime>
779# says that Indonesia's time zones changed on 1988-01-01. Looking at some
780# time zone maps, I think that must refer to Western Borneo (Kalimantan Barat
781# and Kalimantan Tengah) switching from UTC+8 to UTC+7.
782#
783# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-10):
784# Here is another correction to Shanks & Pottenger.
785# JohnTWB writes that Japanese forces did not surrender control in
786# Indonesia until 1945-09-01 00:00 at the earliest (in Jakarta) and
787# other formal surrender ceremonies were September 9, 11, and 13, plus
788# September 12 for the regional surrender to Mountbatten in Singapore.
789# These would be the earliest possible times for a change.
790# Regimes horaires pour le monde entier, by Henri Le Corre, (Editions
791# Traditionnelles, 1987, Paris) says that Java and Madura switched
792# from JST to UTC+07:30 on 1945-09-23, and gives 1944-09-01 for Jayapura
793# (Hollandia). For now, assume all Indonesian locations other than Jayapura
794# switched on 1945-09-23.
795#
796# From Paul Eggert (2013-08-11):
797# Normally the tz database uses English-language abbreviations, but in
798# Indonesia it's typical to use Indonesian-language abbreviations even
799# when writing in English. For example, see the English-language
800# summary published by the Time and Frequency Laboratory of the
801# Research Center for Calibration, Instrumentation and Metrology,
802# Indonesia, <http://time.kim.lipi.go.id/time-eng.php> (2006-09-29).
803# The abbreviations are:
804#
805# WIB - UTC+7 - Waktu Indonesia Barat (Indonesia western time)
806# WITA - UTC+8 - Waktu Indonesia Tengah (Indonesia central time)
807# WIT - UTC+9 - Waktu Indonesia Timur (Indonesia eastern time)
808#
809# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
810# Java, Sumatra
811Zone Asia/Jakarta 7:07:12 - LMT 1867 Aug 10
812# Shanks & Pottenger say the next transition was at 1924 Jan 1 0:13,
813# but this must be a typo.
814 7:07:12 - BMT 1923 Dec 31 23:47:12 # Batavia
815 7:20 - JAVT 1932 Nov # Java Time
816 7:30 - WIB 1942 Mar 23
817 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 23
818 7:30 - WIB 1948 May
819 8:00 - WIB 1950 May
820 7:30 - WIB 1964
821 7:00 - WIB
822# west and central Borneo
823Zone Asia/Pontianak 7:17:20 - LMT 1908 May
824 7:17:20 - PMT 1932 Nov # Pontianak MT
825 7:30 - WIB 1942 Jan 29
826 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 23
827 7:30 - WIB 1948 May
828 8:00 - WIB 1950 May
829 7:30 - WIB 1964
830 8:00 - WITA 1988 Jan 1
831 7:00 - WIB
832# Sulawesi, Lesser Sundas, east and south Borneo
833Zone Asia/Makassar 7:57:36 - LMT 1920
834 7:57:36 - MMT 1932 Nov # Macassar MT
835 8:00 - WITA 1942 Feb 9
836 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 23
837 8:00 - WITA
838# Maluku Islands, West Papua, Papua
839Zone Asia/Jayapura 9:22:48 - LMT 1932 Nov
840 9:00 - WIT 1944 Sep 1
841 9:30 - CST 1964
842 9:00 - WIT
843
844# Iran
845
846# From Roozbeh Pournader (2003-03-15):
847# This is an English translation of what I just found (originally in Persian).
848# The Gregorian dates in brackets are mine:
849#
850# Official Newspaper No. 13548-1370/6/25 [1991-09-16]
851# No. 16760/T233 H 1370/6/10 [1991-09-01]
852#
853# The Rule About Change of the Official Time of the Country
854#
855# The Board of Ministers, in the meeting dated 1370/5/23 [1991-08-14],
856# based on the suggestion number 2221/D dated 1370/4/22 [1991-07-13]
857# of the Country's Organization for Official and Employment Affairs,
858# and referring to the law for equating the working hours of workers
859# and officers in the whole country dated 1359/4/23 [1980-07-14], and
860# for synchronizing the official times of the country, agreed that:
861#
862# The official time of the country will should move forward one hour
863# at the 24[:00] hours of the first day of Farvardin and should return
864# to its previous state at the 24[:00] hours of the 30th day of
865# Shahrivar.
866#
867# First Deputy to the President - Hassan Habibi
868#
869# From personal experience, that agrees with what has been followed
870# for at least the last 5 years. Before that, for a few years, the
871# date used was the first Thursday night of Farvardin and the last
872# Thursday night of Shahrivar, but I can't give exact dates....
873# I have also changed the abbreviations to what is considered correct
874# here in Iran, IRST for regular time and IRDT for daylight saving time.
875#
876# From Roozbeh Pournader (2005-04-05):
877# The text of the Iranian law, in effect since 1925, clearly mentions
878# that the true solar year is the measure, and there is no arithmetic
879# leap year calculation involved. There has never been any serious
880# plan to change that law....
881#
882# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
883# Go with Shanks & Pottenger before Sept. 1991, and with Pournader thereafter.
884# I used Ed Reingold's cal-persia in GNU Emacs 21.2 to check Persian dates,
885# stopping after 2037 when 32-bit time_t's overflow.
886# That cal-persia used Birashk's approximation, which disagrees with the solar
887# calendar predictions for the year 2025, so I corrected those dates by hand.
888#
889# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-03-30), writing about future
890# discrepancies between cal-persia and the Iranian calendar:
891# For 2091 solar-longitude-after yields 2091-03-20 08:40:07.7 UT for
892# the vernal equinox and that gets so close to 12:00 some local
893# Iranian time that the definition of the correct location needs to be
894# known exactly, amongst other factors. 2157 is even closer:
895# 2157-03-20 08:37:15.5 UT. But the Gregorian year 2025 should give
896# no interpretation problem whatsoever. By the way, another instant
897# in the near future where there will be a discrepancy between
898# arithmetical and astronomical Iranian calendars will be in 2058:
899# vernal equinox on 2058-03-20 09:03:05.9 UT. The Java version of
900# Reingold's/Dershowitz' calculator gives correctly the Gregorian date
901# 2058-03-21 for 1 Farvardin 1437 (astronomical).
902#
903# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-03-22):
904# Several of my users have reported that Iran will not observe DST anymore:
905# http://www.irna.ir/en/news/view/line-17/0603193812164948.htm
906#
907# From Reuters (2007-09-16), with a heads-up from Jesper Norgaard Welen:
908# ... the Guardian Council ... approved a law on Sunday to re-introduce
909# daylight saving time ...
910# http://uk.reuters.com/article/oilRpt/idUKBLA65048420070916
911#
912# From Roozbeh Pournader (2007-11-05):
913# This is quoted from Official Gazette of the Islamic Republic of
914# Iran, Volume 63, Number 18242, dated Tuesday 1386/6/24
915# [2007-10-16]. I am doing the best translation I can:...
916# The official time of the country will be moved forward for one hour
917# on the 24 hours of the first day of the month of Farvardin and will
918# be changed back to its previous state on the 24 hours of the
919# thirtieth day of Shahrivar.
920#
921# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
922Rule Iran 1978 1980 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D
923Rule Iran 1978 only - Oct 21 0:00 0 S
924Rule Iran 1979 only - Sep 19 0:00 0 S
925Rule Iran 1980 only - Sep 23 0:00 0 S
926Rule Iran 1991 only - May 3 0:00 1:00 D
927Rule Iran 1992 1995 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D
928Rule Iran 1991 1995 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
929Rule Iran 1996 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D
930Rule Iran 1996 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S
931Rule Iran 1997 1999 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D
932Rule Iran 1997 1999 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
933Rule Iran 2000 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D
934Rule Iran 2000 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S
935Rule Iran 2001 2003 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D
936Rule Iran 2001 2003 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
937Rule Iran 2004 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D
938Rule Iran 2004 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S
939Rule Iran 2005 only - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D
940Rule Iran 2005 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
941Rule Iran 2008 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D
942Rule Iran 2008 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S
943Rule Iran 2009 2011 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D
944Rule Iran 2009 2011 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
945Rule Iran 2012 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D
946Rule Iran 2012 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S
947Rule Iran 2013 2015 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D
948Rule Iran 2013 2015 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
949Rule Iran 2016 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D
950Rule Iran 2016 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S
951Rule Iran 2017 2019 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D
952Rule Iran 2017 2019 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
953Rule Iran 2020 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D
954Rule Iran 2020 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S
955Rule Iran 2021 2023 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D
956Rule Iran 2021 2023 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
957Rule Iran 2024 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D
958Rule Iran 2024 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S
959Rule Iran 2025 2027 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D
960Rule Iran 2025 2027 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
961Rule Iran 2028 2029 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D
962Rule Iran 2028 2029 - Sep 21 0:00 0 S
963Rule Iran 2030 2031 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D
964Rule Iran 2030 2031 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
965Rule Iran 2032 2033 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D
966Rule Iran 2032 2033 - Sep 21 0:00 0 S
967Rule Iran 2034 2035 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D
968Rule Iran 2034 2035 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
969Rule Iran 2036 2037 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D
970Rule Iran 2036 2037 - Sep 21 0:00 0 S
971# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
972Zone Asia/Tehran 3:25:44 - LMT 1916
973 3:25:44 - TMT 1946 # Tehran Mean Time
974 3:30 - IRST 1977 Nov
975 4:00 Iran IR%sT 1979
976 3:30 Iran IR%sT
977
978
979# Iraq
980#
981# From Jonathan Lennox (2000-06-12):
982# An article in this week's Economist ("Inside the Saddam-free zone", p. 50 in
983# the U.S. edition) on the Iraqi Kurds contains a paragraph:
984# "The three northern provinces ... switched their clocks this spring and
985# are an hour ahead of Baghdad."
986#
987# But Rives McDow (2000-06-18) quotes a contact in Iraqi-Kurdistan as follows:
988# In the past, some Kurdish nationalists, as a protest to the Iraqi
989# Government, did not adhere to daylight saving time. They referred
990# to daylight saving as Saddam time. But, as of today, the time zone
991# in Iraqi-Kurdistan is on standard time with Baghdad, Iraq.
992#
993# So we'll ignore the Economist's claim.
994
995# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-03-10):
996# The cabinet in Iraq abolished DST last week, according to the following
997# news sources (in Arabic):
998# <a href="http://www.aljeeran.net/wesima_articles/news-20080305-98602.html">
999# http://www.aljeeran.net/wesima_articles/news-20080305-98602.html
1000# </a>
1001# <a href="http://www.aswataliraq.info/look/article.tpl?id=2047&IdLanguage=17&IdPublication=4&NrArticle=71743&NrIssue=1&NrSection=10">
1002# http://www.aswataliraq.info/look/article.tpl?id=2047&IdLanguage=17&IdPublication=4&NrArticle=71743&NrIssue=1&NrSection=10
1003# </a>
1004#
1005# We have published a short article in English about the change:
1006# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/iraq-dumps-daylight-saving.html">
1007# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/iraq-dumps-daylight-saving.html
1008# </a>
1009
1010# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1011Rule Iraq 1982 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
1012Rule Iraq 1982 1984 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
1013Rule Iraq 1983 only - Mar 31 0:00 1:00 D
1014Rule Iraq 1984 1985 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
1015Rule Iraq 1985 1990 - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 S
1016Rule Iraq 1986 1990 - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 D
1017# IATA SSIM (1991/1996) says Apr 1 12:01am UTC; guess the `:01' is a typo.
1018# Shanks & Pottenger say Iraq did not observe DST 1992/1997; ignore this.
1019#
1020Rule Iraq 1991 2007 - Apr 1 3:00s 1:00 D
1021Rule Iraq 1991 2007 - Oct 1 3:00s 0 S
1022# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1023Zone Asia/Baghdad 2:57:40 - LMT 1890
1024 2:57:36 - BMT 1918 # Baghdad Mean Time?
1025 3:00 - AST 1982 May
1026 3:00 Iraq A%sT
1027
1028
1029###############################################################################
1030
1031# Israel
1032
1033# From Ephraim Silverberg (2001-01-11):
1034#
1035# I coined "IST/IDT" circa 1988. Until then there were three
1036# different abbreviations in use:
1037#
1038# JST Jerusalem Standard Time [Danny Braniss, Hebrew University]
1039# IZT Israel Zonal (sic) Time [Prof. Haim Papo, Technion]
1040# EEST Eastern Europe Standard Time [used by almost everyone else]
1041#
1042# Since timezones should be called by country and not capital cities,
1043# I ruled out JST. As Israel is in Asia Minor and not Eastern Europe,
1044# EEST was equally unacceptable. Since "zonal" was not compatible with
1045# any other timezone abbreviation, I felt that 'IST' was the way to go
1046# and, indeed, it has received almost universal acceptance in timezone
1047# settings in Israeli computers.
1048#
1049# In any case, I am happy to share timezone abbreviations with India,
1050# high on my favorite-country list (and not only because my wife's
1051# family is from India).
1052
1053# From Shanks & Pottenger:
1054# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1055Rule Zion 1940 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D
1056Rule Zion 1942 1944 - Nov 1 0:00 0 S
1057Rule Zion 1943 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D
1058Rule Zion 1944 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
1059Rule Zion 1945 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 D
1060Rule Zion 1945 only - Nov 1 2:00 0 S
1061Rule Zion 1946 only - Apr 16 2:00 1:00 D
1062Rule Zion 1946 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 S
1063Rule Zion 1948 only - May 23 0:00 2:00 DD
1064Rule Zion 1948 only - Sep 1 0:00 1:00 D
1065Rule Zion 1948 1949 - Nov 1 2:00 0 S
1066Rule Zion 1949 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
1067Rule Zion 1950 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 D
1068Rule Zion 1950 only - Sep 15 3:00 0 S
1069Rule Zion 1951 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
1070Rule Zion 1951 only - Nov 11 3:00 0 S
1071Rule Zion 1952 only - Apr 20 2:00 1:00 D
1072Rule Zion 1952 only - Oct 19 3:00 0 S
1073Rule Zion 1953 only - Apr 12 2:00 1:00 D
1074Rule Zion 1953 only - Sep 13 3:00 0 S
1075Rule Zion 1954 only - Jun 13 0:00 1:00 D
1076Rule Zion 1954 only - Sep 12 0:00 0 S
1077Rule Zion 1955 only - Jun 11 2:00 1:00 D
1078Rule Zion 1955 only - Sep 11 0:00 0 S
1079Rule Zion 1956 only - Jun 3 0:00 1:00 D
1080Rule Zion 1956 only - Sep 30 3:00 0 S
1081Rule Zion 1957 only - Apr 29 2:00 1:00 D
1082Rule Zion 1957 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
1083Rule Zion 1974 only - Jul 7 0:00 1:00 D
1084Rule Zion 1974 only - Oct 13 0:00 0 S
1085Rule Zion 1975 only - Apr 20 0:00 1:00 D
1086Rule Zion 1975 only - Aug 31 0:00 0 S
1087Rule Zion 1985 only - Apr 14 0:00 1:00 D
1088Rule Zion 1985 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S
1089Rule Zion 1986 only - May 18 0:00 1:00 D
1090Rule Zion 1986 only - Sep 7 0:00 0 S
1091Rule Zion 1987 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 D
1092Rule Zion 1987 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S
|
1096# From Ephraim Silverberg
1097# (1997-03-04, 1998-03-16, 1998-12-28, 2000-01-17, 2000-07-25, 2004-12-22,
1098# and 2005-02-17):
1099
1100# According to the Office of the Secretary General of the Ministry of
1101# Interior, there is NO set rule for Daylight-Savings/Standard time changes.
1102# One thing is entrenched in law, however: that there must be at least 150
1103# days of daylight savings time annually. From 1993-1998, the change to
1104# daylight savings time was on a Friday morning from midnight IST to
1105# 1 a.m IDT; up until 1998, the change back to standard time was on a
1106# Saturday night from midnight daylight savings time to 11 p.m. standard
1107# time. 1996 is an exception to this rule where the change back to standard
1108# time took place on Sunday night instead of Saturday night to avoid
1109# conflicts with the Jewish New Year. In 1999, the change to
1110# daylight savings time was still on a Friday morning but from
1111# 2 a.m. IST to 3 a.m. IDT; furthermore, the change back to standard time
1112# was also on a Friday morning from 2 a.m. IDT to 1 a.m. IST for
1113# 1999 only. In the year 2000, the change to daylight savings time was
1114# similar to 1999, but although the change back will be on a Friday, it
1115# will take place from 1 a.m. IDT to midnight IST. Starting in 2001, all
1116# changes to/from will take place at 1 a.m. old time, but now there is no
1117# rule as to what day of the week it will take place in as the start date
1118# (except in 2003) is the night after the Passover Seder (i.e. the eve
1119# of the 16th of Nisan in the lunar Hebrew calendar) and the end date
1120# (except in 2002) is three nights before Yom Kippur [Day of Atonement]
1121# (the eve of the 7th of Tishrei in the lunar Hebrew calendar).
1122
1123# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1124Rule Zion 1989 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D
1125Rule Zion 1989 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S
1126Rule Zion 1990 only - Mar 25 0:00 1:00 D
1127Rule Zion 1990 only - Aug 26 0:00 0 S
1128Rule Zion 1991 only - Mar 24 0:00 1:00 D
1129Rule Zion 1991 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 S
1130Rule Zion 1992 only - Mar 29 0:00 1:00 D
1131Rule Zion 1992 only - Sep 6 0:00 0 S
1132Rule Zion 1993 only - Apr 2 0:00 1:00 D
1133Rule Zion 1993 only - Sep 5 0:00 0 S
1134
1135# The dates for 1994-1995 were obtained from Office of the Spokeswoman for the
1136# Ministry of Interior, Jerusalem, Israel. The spokeswoman can be reached by
1137# calling the office directly at 972-2-6701447 or 972-2-6701448.
1138
1139# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1140Rule Zion 1994 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
1141Rule Zion 1994 only - Aug 28 0:00 0 S
1142Rule Zion 1995 only - Mar 31 0:00 1:00 D
1143Rule Zion 1995 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S
1144
1145# The dates for 1996 were determined by the Minister of Interior of the
1146# time, Haim Ramon. The official announcement regarding 1996-1998
1147# (with the dates for 1997-1998 no longer being relevant) can be viewed at:
1148#
1149# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/1996-1998.ramon.ps.gz
1150#
1151# The dates for 1997-1998 were altered by his successor, Rabbi Eli Suissa.
1152#
1153# The official announcements for the years 1997-1999 can be viewed at:
1154#
1155# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/YYYY.ps.gz
1156#
1157# where YYYY is the relevant year.
1158
1159# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1160Rule Zion 1996 only - Mar 15 0:00 1:00 D
1161Rule Zion 1996 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 S
1162Rule Zion 1997 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D
1163Rule Zion 1997 only - Sep 14 0:00 0 S
1164Rule Zion 1998 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 D
1165Rule Zion 1998 only - Sep 6 0:00 0 S
1166Rule Zion 1999 only - Apr 2 2:00 1:00 D
1167Rule Zion 1999 only - Sep 3 2:00 0 S
1168
1169# The Knesset Interior Committee has changed the dates for 2000 for
1170# the third time in just over a year and have set new dates for the
1171# years 2001-2004 as well.
1172#
1173# The official announcement for the start date of 2000 can be viewed at:
1174#
1175# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2000-start.ps.gz
1176#
1177# The official announcement for the end date of 2000 and the dates
1178# for the years 2001-2004 can be viewed at:
1179#
1180# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2000-2004.ps.gz
1181
1182# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1183Rule Zion 2000 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
1184Rule Zion 2000 only - Oct 6 1:00 0 S
1185Rule Zion 2001 only - Apr 9 1:00 1:00 D
1186Rule Zion 2001 only - Sep 24 1:00 0 S
1187Rule Zion 2002 only - Mar 29 1:00 1:00 D
1188Rule Zion 2002 only - Oct 7 1:00 0 S
1189Rule Zion 2003 only - Mar 28 1:00 1:00 D
1190Rule Zion 2003 only - Oct 3 1:00 0 S
1191Rule Zion 2004 only - Apr 7 1:00 1:00 D
1192Rule Zion 2004 only - Sep 22 1:00 0 S
1193
1194# The proposed law agreed upon by the Knesset Interior Committee on
1195# 2005-02-14 is that, for 2005 and beyond, DST starts at 02:00 the
1196# last Friday before April 2nd (i.e. the last Friday in March or April
1197# 1st itself if it falls on a Friday) and ends at 02:00 on the Saturday
1198# night _before_ the fast of Yom Kippur.
1199#
1200# Those who can read Hebrew can view the announcement at:
1201#
1202# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2005+beyond.ps
1203
1204# From Paul Eggert (2012-10-26):
1205# I used Ephraim Silverberg's dst-israel.el program
1206# <ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/software/dst-israel.el> (2005-02-20)
1207# along with Ed Reingold's cal-hebrew in GNU Emacs 21.4,
1208# to generate the transitions from 2005 through 2012.
1209# (I replaced "lastFri" with "Fri>=26" by hand.)
1210# The spring transitions all correspond to the following Rule:
1211#
1212# Rule Zion 2005 2012 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D
1213#
1214# but older zic implementations (e.g., Solaris 8) do not support
1215# "Fri>=26" to mean April 1 in years like 2005, so for now we list the
1216# springtime transitions explicitly.
1217
1218# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1219Rule Zion 2005 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D
1220Rule Zion 2005 only - Oct 9 2:00 0 S
1221Rule Zion 2006 2010 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D
1222Rule Zion 2006 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 S
1223Rule Zion 2007 only - Sep 16 2:00 0 S
1224Rule Zion 2008 only - Oct 5 2:00 0 S
1225Rule Zion 2009 only - Sep 27 2:00 0 S
1226Rule Zion 2010 only - Sep 12 2:00 0 S
1227Rule Zion 2011 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D
1228Rule Zion 2011 only - Oct 2 2:00 0 S
1229Rule Zion 2012 only - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D
1230Rule Zion 2012 only - Sep 23 2:00 0 S
1231
1232# From Ephraim Silverberg (2013-06-27):
1233# On June 23, 2013, the Israeli government approved changes to the
1234# Time Decree Law. The next day, the changes passed the First Reading
1235# in the Knesset. The law is expected to pass the Second and Third
1236# (final) Readings by the beginning of September 2013.
1237#
1238# As of 2013, DST starts at 02:00 on the Friday before the last Sunday
1239# in March. DST ends at 02:00 on the last Sunday of October.
1240
1241# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1242Rule Zion 2013 max - Mar Fri>=23 2:00 1:00 D
1243Rule Zion 2013 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1244
1245# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1246Zone Asia/Jerusalem 2:20:54 - LMT 1880
1247 2:20:40 - JMT 1918 # Jerusalem Mean Time?
1248 2:00 Zion I%sT
1249
1250
1251
1252###############################################################################
1253
1254# Japan
1255
1256# `9:00' and `JST' is from Guy Harris.
1257
1258# From Paul Eggert (1995-03-06):
1259# Today's _Asahi Evening News_ (page 4) reports that Japan had
1260# daylight saving between 1948 and 1951, but ``the system was discontinued
1261# because the public believed it would lead to longer working hours.''
1262
1263# From Mayumi Negishi in the 2005-08-10 Japan Times
1264# <http://www.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/getarticle.pl5?nn20050810f2.htm>:
1265# Occupation authorities imposed daylight-saving time on Japan on
1266# [1948-05-01].... But lack of prior debate and the execution of
1267# daylight-saving time just three days after the bill was passed generated
1268# deep hatred of the concept.... The Diet unceremoniously passed a bill to
1269# dump the unpopular system in October 1951, less than a month after the San
1270# Francisco Peace Treaty was signed. (A government poll in 1951 showed 53%
1271# of the Japanese wanted to scrap daylight-saving time, as opposed to 30% who
1272# wanted to keep it.)
1273
1274# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1275# Shanks & Pottenger write that DST in Japan during those years was as follows:
1276# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1277Rule Japan 1948 only - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1278Rule Japan 1948 1951 - Sep Sat>=8 2:00 0 S
1279Rule Japan 1949 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1280Rule Japan 1950 1951 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1281# but the only locations using it (for birth certificates, presumably, since
1282# their audience is astrologers) were US military bases. For now, assume
1283# that for most purposes daylight-saving time was observed; otherwise, what
1284# would have been the point of the 1951 poll?
1285
1286# From Hideyuki Suzuki (1998-11-09):
1287# 'Tokyo' usually stands for the former location of Tokyo Astronomical
1288# Observatory: E 139 44' 40".90 (9h 18m 58s.727), N 35 39' 16".0.
1289# This data is from 'Rika Nenpyou (Chronological Scientific Tables) 1996'
1290# edited by National Astronomical Observatory of Japan....
1291# JST (Japan Standard Time) has been used since 1888-01-01 00:00 (JST).
1292# The law is enacted on 1886-07-07.
1293
1294# From Hideyuki Suzuki (1998-11-16):
1295# The ordinance No. 51 (1886) established "standard time" in Japan,
1296# which stands for the time on E 135 degree.
1297# In the ordinance No. 167 (1895), "standard time" was renamed to "central
1298# standard time". And the same ordinance also established "western standard
1299# time", which stands for the time on E 120 degree.... But "western standard
1300# time" was abolished in the ordinance No. 529 (1937). In the ordinance No.
1301# 167, there is no mention regarding for what place western standard time is
1302# standard....
1303#
1304# I wrote "ordinance" above, but I don't know how to translate.
1305# In Japanese it's "chokurei", which means ordinance from emperor.
1306
1307# Shanks & Pottenger claim JST in use since 1896, and that a few
1308# places (e.g. Ishigaki) use +0800; go with Suzuki. Guess that all
1309# ordinances took effect on Jan 1.
1310
1311# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1312Zone Asia/Tokyo 9:18:59 - LMT 1887 Dec 31 15:00u
1313 9:00 - JST 1896
1314 9:00 - CJT 1938
1315 9:00 Japan J%sT
1316# Since 1938, all Japanese possessions have been like Asia/Tokyo.
1317
1318# Jordan
1319#
1320# From <a href="http://star.arabia.com/990701/JO9.html">
1321# Jordan Week (1999-07-01) </a> via Steffen Thorsen (1999-09-09):
1322# Clocks in Jordan were forwarded one hour on Wednesday at midnight,
1323# in accordance with the government's decision to implement summer time
1324# all year round.
1325#
1326# From <a href="http://star.arabia.com/990930/JO9.html">
1327# Jordan Week (1999-09-30) </a> via Steffen Thorsen (1999-11-09):
1328# Winter time starts today Thursday, 30 September. Clocks will be turned back
1329# by one hour. This is the latest government decision and it's final!
1330# The decision was taken because of the increase in working hours in
1331# government's departments from six to seven hours.
1332#
1333# From Paul Eggert (2005-11-22):
1334# Starting 2003 transitions are from Steffen Thorsen's web site timeanddate.com.
1335#
1336# From Steffen Thorsen (2005-11-23):
1337# For Jordan I have received multiple independent user reports every year
1338# about DST end dates, as the end-rule is different every year.
1339#
1340# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-10-01), after a heads-up from Hilal Malawi:
1341# http://www.petranews.gov.jo/nepras/2006/Sep/05/4000.htm
1342# "Jordan will switch to winter time on Friday, October 27".
1343#
1344
1345# From Phil Pizzey (2009-04-02):
1346# ...I think I may have spotted an error in the timezone data for
1347# Jordan.
1348# The current (2009d) asia file shows Jordan going to daylight
1349# saving
1350# time on the last Thursday in March.
1351#
1352# Rule Jordan 2000 max - Mar lastThu 0:00s 1:00 S
1353#
1354# However timeanddate.com, which I usually find reliable, shows Jordan
1355# going to daylight saving time on the last Friday in March since 2002.
1356# Please see
1357# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/timezone.html?n=11">
1358# http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/timezone.html?n=11
1359# </a>
1360
1361# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-04-02):
1362# This single one might be good enough, (2009-03-24, Arabic):
1363# <a href="http://petra.gov.jo/Artical.aspx?Lng=2&Section=8&Artical=95279">
1364# http://petra.gov.jo/Artical.aspx?Lng=2&Section=8&Artical=95279
1365# </a>
1366#
1367# Google's translation:
1368#
1369# > The Council of Ministers decided in 2002 to adopt the principle of timely
1370# > submission of the summer at 60 minutes as of midnight on the last Thursday
1371# > of the month of March of each year.
1372#
1373# So - this means the midnight between Thursday and Friday since 2002.
1374
1375# From Arthur David Olson (2009-04-06):
1376# We still have Jordan switching to DST on Thursdays in 2000 and 2001.
1377
1378# From Steffen Thorsen (2012-10-25):
1379# Yesterday the government in Jordan announced that they will not
1380# switch back to standard time this winter, so the will stay on DST
1381# until about the same time next year (at least).
1382# http://www.petra.gov.jo/Public_News/Nws_NewsDetails.aspx?NewsID=88950
1383
1384# From Steffen Thorsen (2013-12-11):
1385# Jordan Times and other sources say that Jordan is going back to
1386# UTC+2 on 2013-12-19 at midnight:
1387# http://jordantimes.com/govt-decides-to-switch-back-to-wintertime
1388# Official, in Arabic:
1389# http://www.petra.gov.jo/public_news/Nws_NewsDetails.aspx?Menu_ID=&Site_Id=2&lang=1&NewsID=133230&CatID=14
1390# ... Our background/permalink about it
1391# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/jordan-reverses-dst-decision.html
1392# ...
1393# http://www.petra.gov.jo/Public_News/Nws_NewsDetails.aspx?lang=2&site_id=1&NewsID=133313&Type=P
1394# ... says midnight for the coming one and 1:00 for the ones in the future
1395# (and they will use DST again next year, using the normal schedule).
1396
1397# From Paul Eggert (2013-12-11):
1398# As Steffen suggested, consider the past 21-month experiment to be DST.
1399
1400# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1401Rule Jordan 1973 only - Jun 6 0:00 1:00 S
1402Rule Jordan 1973 1975 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
1403Rule Jordan 1974 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
1404Rule Jordan 1976 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 -
1405Rule Jordan 1977 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
1406Rule Jordan 1978 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S
1407Rule Jordan 1978 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 -
1408Rule Jordan 1985 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
1409Rule Jordan 1985 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
1410Rule Jordan 1986 1988 - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S
1411Rule Jordan 1986 1990 - Oct Fri>=1 0:00 0 -
1412Rule Jordan 1989 only - May 8 0:00 1:00 S
1413Rule Jordan 1990 only - Apr 27 0:00 1:00 S
1414Rule Jordan 1991 only - Apr 17 0:00 1:00 S
1415Rule Jordan 1991 only - Sep 27 0:00 0 -
1416Rule Jordan 1992 only - Apr 10 0:00 1:00 S
1417Rule Jordan 1992 1993 - Oct Fri>=1 0:00 0 -
1418Rule Jordan 1993 1998 - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S
1419Rule Jordan 1994 only - Sep Fri>=15 0:00 0 -
1420Rule Jordan 1995 1998 - Sep Fri>=15 0:00s 0 -
1421Rule Jordan 1999 only - Jul 1 0:00s 1:00 S
1422Rule Jordan 1999 2002 - Sep lastFri 0:00s 0 -
1423Rule Jordan 2000 2001 - Mar lastThu 0:00s 1:00 S
1424Rule Jordan 2002 2012 - Mar lastThu 24:00 1:00 S
1425Rule Jordan 2003 only - Oct 24 0:00s 0 -
1426Rule Jordan 2004 only - Oct 15 0:00s 0 -
1427Rule Jordan 2005 only - Sep lastFri 0:00s 0 -
1428Rule Jordan 2006 2011 - Oct lastFri 0:00s 0 -
1429Rule Jordan 2013 only - Dec 20 0:00 0 -
1430Rule Jordan 2014 max - Mar lastThu 24:00 1:00 S
1431Rule Jordan 2014 max - Oct lastFri 0:00s 0 -
1432# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1433Zone Asia/Amman 2:23:44 - LMT 1931
1434 2:00 Jordan EE%sT
1435
1436
1437# Kazakhstan
1438
1439# From Paul Eggert (1996-11-22):
1440# Andrew Evtichov (1996-04-13) writes that Kazakhstan
1441# stayed in sync with Moscow after 1990, and that Aqtobe (formerly Aktyubinsk)
1442# and Aqtau (formerly Shevchenko) are the largest cities in their zones.
1443# Guess that Aqtau and Aqtobe diverged in 1995, since that's the first time
1444# IATA SSIM mentions a third time zone in Kazakhstan.
1445
1446# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1447# German Iofis, ELSI, Almaty (2001-10-09) reports that Kazakhstan uses
1448# RussiaAsia rules, instead of switching at 00:00 as the IATA has it.
1449# Go with Shanks & Pottenger, who have them always using RussiaAsia rules.
1450# Also go with the following claims of Shanks & Pottenger:
1451#
1452# - Kazakhstan did not observe DST in 1991.
1453# - Qyzylorda switched from +5:00 to +6:00 on 1992-01-19 02:00.
1454# - Oral switched from +5:00 to +4:00 in spring 1989.
1455
1456# <a href="http://www.kazsociety.org.uk/news/2005/03/30.htm">
1457# From Kazakhstan Embassy's News Bulletin #11 (2005-03-21):
1458# </a>
1459# The Government of Kazakhstan passed a resolution March 15 abolishing
1460# daylight saving time citing lack of economic benefits and health
1461# complications coupled with a decrease in productivity.
1462#
1463# From Branislav Kojic (in Astana) via Gwillim Law (2005-06-28):
1464# ... what happened was that the former Kazakhstan Eastern time zone
1465# was "blended" with the Central zone. Therefore, Kazakhstan now has
1466# two time zones, and difference between them is one hour. The zone
1467# closer to UTC is the former Western zone (probably still called the
1468# same), encompassing four provinces in the west: Aqtobe, Atyrau,
1469# Mangghystau, and West Kazakhstan. The other zone encompasses
1470# everything else.... I guess that would make Kazakhstan time zones
1471# de jure UTC+5 and UTC+6 respectively.
1472
1473#
1474# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1475#
1476# Almaty (formerly Alma-Ata), representing most locations in Kazakhstan
1477Zone Asia/Almaty 5:07:48 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Alma-Ata
1478 5:00 - ALMT 1930 Jun 21 # Alma-Ata Time
1479 6:00 RussiaAsia ALM%sT 1991
1480 6:00 - ALMT 1992
1481 6:00 RussiaAsia ALM%sT 2005 Mar 15
1482 6:00 - ALMT
1483# Qyzylorda (aka Kyzylorda, Kizilorda, Kzyl-Orda, etc.)
1484Zone Asia/Qyzylorda 4:21:52 - LMT 1924 May 2
1485 4:00 - KIZT 1930 Jun 21 # Kizilorda Time
1486 5:00 - KIZT 1981 Apr 1
1487 5:00 1:00 KIZST 1981 Oct 1
1488 6:00 - KIZT 1982 Apr 1
1489 5:00 RussiaAsia KIZ%sT 1991
1490 5:00 - KIZT 1991 Dec 16 # independence
1491 5:00 - QYZT 1992 Jan 19 2:00
1492 6:00 RussiaAsia QYZ%sT 2005 Mar 15
1493 6:00 - QYZT
1494# Aqtobe (aka Aktobe, formerly Akt'ubinsk)
1495Zone Asia/Aqtobe 3:48:40 - LMT 1924 May 2
1496 4:00 - AKTT 1930 Jun 21 # Aktyubinsk Time
1497 5:00 - AKTT 1981 Apr 1
1498 5:00 1:00 AKTST 1981 Oct 1
1499 6:00 - AKTT 1982 Apr 1
1500 5:00 RussiaAsia AKT%sT 1991
1501 5:00 - AKTT 1991 Dec 16 # independence
1502 5:00 RussiaAsia AQT%sT 2005 Mar 15 # Aqtobe Time
1503 5:00 - AQTT
1504# Mangghystau
1505# Aqtau was not founded until 1963, but it represents an inhabited region,
1506# so include time stamps before 1963.
1507Zone Asia/Aqtau 3:21:04 - LMT 1924 May 2
1508 4:00 - FORT 1930 Jun 21 # Fort Shevchenko T
1509 5:00 - FORT 1963
1510 5:00 - SHET 1981 Oct 1 # Shevchenko Time
1511 6:00 - SHET 1982 Apr 1
1512 5:00 RussiaAsia SHE%sT 1991
1513 5:00 - SHET 1991 Dec 16 # independence
1514 5:00 RussiaAsia AQT%sT 1995 Mar lastSun 2:00 # Aqtau Time
1515 4:00 RussiaAsia AQT%sT 2005 Mar 15
1516 5:00 - AQTT
1517# West Kazakhstan
1518Zone Asia/Oral 3:25:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Ural'sk
1519 4:00 - URAT 1930 Jun 21 # Ural'sk time
1520 5:00 - URAT 1981 Apr 1
1521 5:00 1:00 URAST 1981 Oct 1
1522 6:00 - URAT 1982 Apr 1
1523 5:00 RussiaAsia URA%sT 1989 Mar 26 2:00
1524 4:00 RussiaAsia URA%sT 1991
1525 4:00 - URAT 1991 Dec 16 # independence
1526 4:00 RussiaAsia ORA%sT 2005 Mar 15 # Oral Time
1527 5:00 - ORAT
1528
1529# Kyrgyzstan (Kirgizstan)
1530# Transitions through 1991 are from Shanks & Pottenger.
1531
1532# From Paul Eggert (2005-08-15):
1533# According to an article dated today in the Kyrgyzstan Development Gateway
1534# <http://eng.gateway.kg/cgi-bin/page.pl?id=1&story_name=doc9979.shtml>
1535# Kyrgyzstan is canceling the daylight saving time system. I take the article
1536# to mean that they will leave their clocks at 6 hours ahead of UTC.
1537# From Malik Abdugaliev (2005-09-21):
1538# Our government cancels daylight saving time 6th of August 2005.
1539# From 2005-08-12 our GMT-offset is +6, w/o any daylight saving.
1540
1541# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1542Rule Kyrgyz 1992 1996 - Apr Sun>=7 0:00s 1:00 S
1543Rule Kyrgyz 1992 1996 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 -
1544Rule Kyrgyz 1997 2005 - Mar lastSun 2:30 1:00 S
1545Rule Kyrgyz 1997 2004 - Oct lastSun 2:30 0 -
1546# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1547Zone Asia/Bishkek 4:58:24 - LMT 1924 May 2
1548 5:00 - FRUT 1930 Jun 21 # Frunze Time
1549 6:00 RussiaAsia FRU%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
1550 5:00 1:00 FRUST 1991 Aug 31 2:00 # independence
1551 5:00 Kyrgyz KG%sT 2005 Aug 12 # Kyrgyzstan Time
1552 6:00 - KGT
1553
1554###############################################################################
1555
1556# Korea (North and South)
1557
1558# From Annie I. Bang (2006-07-10) in
1559# <http://www.koreaherald.co.kr/SITE/data/html_dir/2006/07/10/200607100012.asp>:
1560# The Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Energy has already
1561# commissioned a research project [to reintroduce DST] and has said
1562# the system may begin as early as 2008.... Korea ran a daylight
1563# saving program from 1949-61 but stopped it during the 1950-53 Korean War.
1564
1565# From Shanks & Pottenger:
1566# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1567Rule ROK 1960 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 D
1568Rule ROK 1960 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S
1569Rule ROK 1987 1988 - May Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 D
1570Rule ROK 1987 1988 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
1571
1572# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1573Zone Asia/Seoul 8:27:52 - LMT 1890
1574 8:30 - KST 1904 Dec
1575 9:00 - KST 1928
1576 8:30 - KST 1932
1577 9:00 - KST 1954 Mar 21
1578 8:00 ROK K%sT 1961 Aug 10
1579 8:30 - KST 1968 Oct
1580 9:00 ROK K%sT
1581Zone Asia/Pyongyang 8:23:00 - LMT 1890
1582 8:30 - KST 1904 Dec
1583 9:00 - KST 1928
1584 8:30 - KST 1932
1585 9:00 - KST 1954 Mar 21
1586 8:00 - KST 1961 Aug 10
1587 9:00 - KST
1588
1589###############################################################################
1590
1591# Kuwait
1592# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1593# From the Arab Times (2007-03-14):
1594# The Civil Service Commission (CSC) has approved a proposal forwarded
1595# by MP Ahmad Baqer on implementing the daylight saving time (DST) in
1596# Kuwait starting from April until the end of Sept this year, reports Al-Anba.
1597# <http://www.arabtimesonline.com/arabtimes/kuwait/Viewdet.asp?ID=9950>.
1598# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-29):
1599# We don't know the details, or whether the approval means it'll happen,
1600# so for now we assume no DST.
1601Zone Asia/Kuwait 3:11:56 - LMT 1950
1602 3:00 - AST
1603
1604# Laos
1605# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1606Zone Asia/Vientiane 6:50:24 - LMT 1906 Jun 9 # or Viangchan
1607 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT?
1608 7:00 - ICT 1912 May
1609 8:00 - ICT 1931 May
1610 7:00 - ICT
1611
1612# Lebanon
1613# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1614Rule Lebanon 1920 only - Mar 28 0:00 1:00 S
1615Rule Lebanon 1920 only - Oct 25 0:00 0 -
1616Rule Lebanon 1921 only - Apr 3 0:00 1:00 S
1617Rule Lebanon 1921 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 -
1618Rule Lebanon 1922 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S
1619Rule Lebanon 1922 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 -
1620Rule Lebanon 1923 only - Apr 22 0:00 1:00 S
1621Rule Lebanon 1923 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 -
1622Rule Lebanon 1957 1961 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
1623Rule Lebanon 1957 1961 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
1624Rule Lebanon 1972 only - Jun 22 0:00 1:00 S
1625Rule Lebanon 1972 1977 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
1626Rule Lebanon 1973 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
1627Rule Lebanon 1978 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S
1628Rule Lebanon 1978 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 -
1629Rule Lebanon 1984 1987 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
1630Rule Lebanon 1984 1991 - Oct 16 0:00 0 -
1631Rule Lebanon 1988 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S
1632Rule Lebanon 1989 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S
1633Rule Lebanon 1990 1992 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
1634Rule Lebanon 1992 only - Oct 4 0:00 0 -
1635Rule Lebanon 1993 max - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
1636Rule Lebanon 1993 1998 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 -
1637Rule Lebanon 1999 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 -
1638# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1639Zone Asia/Beirut 2:22:00 - LMT 1880
1640 2:00 Lebanon EE%sT
1641
1642# Malaysia
1643# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1644Rule NBorneo 1935 1941 - Sep 14 0:00 0:20 TS # one-Third Summer
1645Rule NBorneo 1935 1941 - Dec 14 0:00 0 -
1646#
1647# peninsular Malaysia
1648# The data here are taken from Mok Ly Yng (2003-10-30)
1649# <http://www.math.nus.edu.sg/aslaksen/teaching/timezone.html>.
1650# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1651Zone Asia/Kuala_Lumpur 6:46:46 - LMT 1901 Jan 1
1652 6:55:25 - SMT 1905 Jun 1 # Singapore M.T.
1653 7:00 - MALT 1933 Jan 1 # Malaya Time
1654 7:00 0:20 MALST 1936 Jan 1
1655 7:20 - MALT 1941 Sep 1
1656 7:30 - MALT 1942 Feb 16
1657 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 12
1658 7:30 - MALT 1982 Jan 1
1659 8:00 - MYT # Malaysia Time
1660# Sabah & Sarawak
1661# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1662# The data here are mostly from Shanks & Pottenger, but the 1942, 1945 and 1982
1663# transition dates are from Mok Ly Yng.
1664# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1665Zone Asia/Kuching 7:21:20 - LMT 1926 Mar
1666 7:30 - BORT 1933 # Borneo Time
1667 8:00 NBorneo BOR%sT 1942 Feb 16
1668 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 12
1669 8:00 - BORT 1982 Jan 1
1670 8:00 - MYT
1671
1672# Maldives
1673# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1674Zone Indian/Maldives 4:54:00 - LMT 1880 # Male
1675 4:54:00 - MMT 1960 # Male Mean Time
1676 5:00 - MVT # Maldives Time
1677
1678# Mongolia
1679
1680# Shanks & Pottenger say that Mongolia has three time zones, but
1681# usno1995 and the CIA map Standard Time Zones of the World (2005-03)
1682# both say that it has just one.
1683
1684# From Oscar van Vlijmen (1999-12-11):
1685# <a href="http://www.mongoliatourism.gov.mn/general.htm">
1686# General Information Mongolia
1687# </a> (1999-09)
1688# "Time: Mongolia has two time zones. Three westernmost provinces of
1689# Bayan-Ulgii, Uvs, and Hovd are one hour earlier than the capital city, and
1690# the rest of the country follows the Ulaanbaatar time, which is UTC/GMT plus
1691# eight hours."
1692
1693# From Rives McDow (1999-12-13):
1694# Mongolia discontinued the use of daylight savings time in 1999; 1998
1695# being the last year it was implemented. The dates of implementation I am
1696# unsure of, but most probably it was similar to Russia, except for the time
1697# of implementation may have been different....
1698# Some maps in the past have indicated that there was an additional time
1699# zone in the eastern part of Mongolia, including the provinces of Dornod,
1700# Suhbaatar, and possibly Khentij.
1701
1702# From Paul Eggert (1999-12-15):
1703# Naming and spelling is tricky in Mongolia.
1704# We'll use Hovd (also spelled Chovd and Khovd) to represent the west zone;
1705# the capital of the Hovd province is sometimes called Hovd, sometimes Dund-Us,
1706# and sometimes Jirgalanta (with variant spellings), but the name Hovd
1707# is good enough for our purposes.
1708
1709# From Rives McDow (2001-05-13):
1710# In addition to Mongolia starting daylight savings as reported earlier
1711# (adopted DST on 2001-04-27 02:00 local time, ending 2001-09-28),
1712# there are three time zones.
1713#
1714# Provinces [at 7:00]: Bayan-ulgii, Uvs, Khovd, Zavkhan, Govi-Altai
1715# Provinces [at 8:00]: Khovsgol, Bulgan, Arkhangai, Khentii, Tov,
1716# Bayankhongor, Ovorkhangai, Dundgovi, Dornogovi, Omnogovi
1717# Provinces [at 9:00]: Dornod, Sukhbaatar
1718#
1719# [The province of Selenge is omitted from the above lists.]
1720
1721# From Ganbold Ts., Ulaanbaatar (2004-04-17):
1722# Daylight saving occurs at 02:00 local time last Saturday of March.
1723# It will change back to normal at 02:00 local time last Saturday of
1724# September.... As I remember this rule was changed in 2001.
1725#
1726# From Paul Eggert (2004-04-17):
1727# For now, assume Rives McDow's informant got confused about Friday vs
1728# Saturday, and that his 2001 dates should have 1 added to them.
1729
1730# From Paul Eggert (2005-07-26):
1731# We have wildly conflicting information about Mongolia's time zones.
1732# Bill Bonnet (2005-05-19) reports that the US Embassy in Ulaanbaatar says
1733# there is only one time zone and that DST is observed, citing Microsoft
1734# Windows XP as the source. Risto Nykanen (2005-05-16) reports that
1735# travelmongolia.org says there are two time zones (UTC+7, UTC+8) with no DST.
1736# Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-05-20) reports that the Mongolian Embassy in
1737# Washington, DC says there are two time zones, with DST observed.
1738# He also found
1739# <http://ubpost.mongolnews.mn/index.php?subaction=showcomments&id=1111634894&archive=&start_from=&ucat=1&>
1740# which also says that there is DST, and which has a comment by "Toddius"
1741# (2005-03-31 06:05 +0700) saying "Mongolia actually has 3.5 time zones.
1742# The West (OLGII) is +7 GMT, most of the country is ULAT is +8 GMT
1743# and some Eastern provinces are +9 GMT but Sukhbaatar Aimag is SUHK +8.5 GMT.
1744# The SUKH timezone is new this year, it is one of the few things the
1745# parliament passed during the tumultuous winter session."
1746# For now, let's ignore this information, until we have more confirmation.
1747
1748# From Ganbold Ts. (2007-02-26):
1749# Parliament of Mongolia has just changed the daylight-saving rule in February.
1750# They decided not to adopt daylight-saving time....
1751# http://www.mongolnews.mn/index.php?module=unuudur&sec=view&id=15742
1752
1753# From Deborah Goldsmith (2008-03-30):
1754# We received a bug report claiming that the tz database UTC offset for
1755# Asia/Choibalsan (GMT+09:00) is incorrect, and that it should be GMT
1756# +08:00 instead. Different sources appear to disagree with the tz
1757# database on this, e.g.:
1758#
1759# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/city.html?n=1026">
1760# http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/city.html?n=1026
1761# </a>
1762# <a href="http://www.worldtimeserver.com/current_time_in_MN.aspx">
1763# http://www.worldtimeserver.com/current_time_in_MN.aspx
1764# </a>
1765#
1766# both say GMT+08:00.
1767
1768# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-03-31):
1769# eznis airways, which operates several domestic flights, has a flight
1770# schedule here:
1771# <a href="http://www.eznis.com/Container.jsp?id=112">
1772# http://www.eznis.com/Container.jsp?id=112
1773# </a>
1774# (click the English flag for English)
1775#
1776# There it appears that flights between Choibalsan and Ulaanbatar arrive
1777# about 1:35 - 1:50 hours later in local clock time, no matter the
1778# direction, while Ulaanbaatar-Khvod takes 2 hours in the Eastern
1779# direction and 3:35 back, which indicates that Ulaanbatar and Khvod are
1780# in different time zones (like we know about), while Choibalsan and
1781# Ulaanbatar are in the same time zone (correction needed).
1782
1783# From Arthur David Olson (2008-05-19):
1784# Assume that Choibalsan is indeed offset by 8:00.
1785# XXX--in the absence of better information, assume that transition
1786# was at the start of 2008-03-31 (the day of Steffen Thorsen's report);
1787# this is almost surely wrong.
1788
1789# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1790Rule Mongol 1983 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
1791Rule Mongol 1983 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
1792# Shanks & Pottenger and IATA SSIM say 1990s switches occurred at 00:00,
1793# but McDow says the 2001 switches occurred at 02:00. Also, IATA SSIM
1794# (1996-09) says 1996-10-25. Go with Shanks & Pottenger through 1998.
1795#
1796# Shanks & Pottenger say that the Sept. 1984 through Sept. 1990 switches
1797# in Choibalsan (more precisely, in Dornod and Sukhbaatar) took place
1798# at 02:00 standard time, not at 00:00 local time as in the rest of
1799# the country. That would be odd, and possibly is a result of their
1800# correction of 02:00 (in the previous edition) not being done correctly
1801# in the latest edition; so ignore it for now.
1802
1803Rule Mongol 1985 1998 - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
1804Rule Mongol 1984 1998 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 -
1805# IATA SSIM (1999-09) says Mongolia no longer observes DST.
1806Rule Mongol 2001 only - Apr lastSat 2:00 1:00 S
1807Rule Mongol 2001 2006 - Sep lastSat 2:00 0 -
1808Rule Mongol 2002 2006 - Mar lastSat 2:00 1:00 S
1809
1810# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1811# Hovd, a.k.a. Chovd, Dund-Us, Dzhargalant, Khovd, Jirgalanta
1812Zone Asia/Hovd 6:06:36 - LMT 1905 Aug
1813 6:00 - HOVT 1978 # Hovd Time
1814 7:00 Mongol HOV%sT
1815# Ulaanbaatar, a.k.a. Ulan Bataar, Ulan Bator, Urga
1816Zone Asia/Ulaanbaatar 7:07:32 - LMT 1905 Aug
1817 7:00 - ULAT 1978 # Ulaanbaatar Time
1818 8:00 Mongol ULA%sT
1819# Choibalsan, a.k.a. Bajan Tuemen, Bajan Tumen, Chojbalsan,
1820# Choybalsan, Sanbejse, Tchoibalsan
1821Zone Asia/Choibalsan 7:38:00 - LMT 1905 Aug
1822 7:00 - ULAT 1978
1823 8:00 - ULAT 1983 Apr
1824 9:00 Mongol CHO%sT 2008 Mar 31 # Choibalsan Time
1825 8:00 Mongol CHO%sT
1826
1827# Nepal
1828# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1829Zone Asia/Kathmandu 5:41:16 - LMT 1920
1830 5:30 - IST 1986
1831 5:45 - NPT # Nepal Time
1832
1833# Oman
1834
1835# Milne says 3:54:24 was the meridian of the Muscat Tidal Observatory.
1836
1837# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1838Zone Asia/Muscat 3:54:24 - LMT 1920
1839 4:00 - GST
1840
1841# Pakistan
1842
1843# From Rives McDow (2002-03-13):
1844# I have been advised that Pakistan has decided to adopt dst on a
1845# TRIAL basis for one year, starting 00:01 local time on April 7, 2002
1846# and ending at 00:01 local time October 6, 2002. This is what I was
1847# told, but I believe that the actual time of change may be 00:00; the
1848# 00:01 was to make it clear which day it was on.
1849
1850# From Paul Eggert (2002-03-15):
1851# Jesper Norgaard found this URL:
1852# http://www.pak.gov.pk/public/news/app/app06_dec.htm
1853# (dated 2001-12-06) which says that the Cabinet adopted a scheme "to
1854# advance the clocks by one hour on the night between the first
1855# Saturday and Sunday of April and revert to the original position on
1856# 15th October each year". This agrees with McDow's 04-07 at 00:00,
1857# but disagrees about the October transition, and makes it sound like
1858# it's not on a trial basis. Also, the "between the first Saturday
1859# and Sunday of April" phrase, if taken literally, means that the
1860# transition takes place at 00:00 on the first Sunday on or after 04-02.
1861
1862# From Paul Eggert (2003-02-09):
1863# DAWN <http://www.dawn.com/2002/10/06/top13.htm> reported on 2002-10-05
1864# that 2002 DST ended that day at midnight. Go with McDow for now.
1865
1866# From Steffen Thorsen (2003-03-14):
1867# According to http://www.dawn.com/2003/03/07/top15.htm
1868# there will be no DST in Pakistan this year:
1869#
1870# ISLAMABAD, March 6: Information and Media Development Minister Sheikh
1871# Rashid Ahmed on Thursday said the cabinet had reversed a previous
1872# decision to advance clocks by one hour in summer and put them back by
1873# one hour in winter with the aim of saving light hours and energy.
1874#
1875# The minister told a news conference that the experiment had rather
1876# shown 8 per cent higher consumption of electricity.
1877
1878# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-15):
1879#
1880# Here is an article that Pakistan plan to introduce Daylight Saving Time
1881# on June 1, 2008 for 3 months.
1882#
1883# "... The federal cabinet on Wednesday announced a new conservation plan to help
1884# reduce load shedding by approving the closure of commercial centres at 9pm and
1885# moving clocks forward by one hour for the next three months.
1886# ...."
1887#
1888# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.net/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan01.html">
1889# http://www.worldtimezone.net/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan01.html
1890# </a>
1891# OR
1892# <a href="http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2008%5C05%5C15%5Cstory_15-5-2008_pg1_4">
1893# http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2008%5C05%5C15%5Cstory_15-5-2008_pg1_4
1894# </a>
1895
1896# From Arthur David Olson (2008-05-19):
1897# XXX--midnight transitions is a guess; 2008 only is a guess.
1898
1899# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2008-08-28):
1900# Pakistan government has decided to keep the watches one-hour advanced
1901# for another 2 months--plan to return to Standard Time on October 31
1902# instead of August 31.
1903#
1904# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan02.html">
1905# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan02.html
1906# </a>
1907# OR
1908# <a href="http://dailymailnews.com/200808/28/news/dmbrn03.html">
1909# http://dailymailnews.com/200808/28/news/dmbrn03.html
1910# </a>
1911
1912# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-04-08):
1913# Based on previous media reports that "... proposed plan to
1914# advance clocks by one hour from May 1 will cause disturbance
1915# to the working schedules rather than bringing discipline in
1916# official working."
1917# <a href="http://www.thenews.com.pk/daily_detail.asp?id=171280">
1918# http://www.thenews.com.pk/daily_detail.asp?id=171280
1919# </a>
1920#
1921# recent news that instead of May 2009 - Pakistan plan to
1922# introduce DST from April 15, 2009
1923#
1924# FYI: Associated Press Of Pakistan
1925# April 08, 2009
1926# Cabinet okays proposal to advance clocks by one hour from April 15
1927# <a href="http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=73043&Itemid=1">
1928# http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=73043&Itemid=1
1929# </a>
1930#
1931# or
1932#
1933# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan05.html">
1934# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan05.html
1935# </a>
1936#
1937# ....
1938# The Federal Cabinet on Wednesday approved the proposal to
1939# advance clocks in the country by one hour from April 15 to
1940# conserve energy"
1941
1942# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-09-17):
1943# "The News International," Pakistan reports that: "The Federal
1944# Government has decided to restore the previous time by moving the
1945# clocks backward by one hour from October 1. A formal announcement to
1946# this effect will be made after the Prime Minister grants approval in
1947# this regard."
1948# <a href="http://www.thenews.com.pk/updates.asp?id=87168">
1949# http://www.thenews.com.pk/updates.asp?id=87168
1950# </a>
1951
1952# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-09-28):
1953# According to Associated Press Of Pakistan, it is confirmed that
1954# Pakistan clocks across the country would be turned back by an hour from October
1955# 1, 2009.
1956#
1957# "Clocks to go back one hour from 1 Oct"
1958# <a href="http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=86715&Itemid=2">
1959# http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=86715&Itemid=2
1960# </a>
1961# or
1962# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan07.htm">
1963# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan07.htm
1964# </a>
1965
1966# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-09-29):
1967# Alexander Krivenyshev wrote:
1968# > According to Associated Press Of Pakistan, it is confirmed that
1969# > Pakistan clocks across the country would be turned back by an hour from October
1970# > 1, 2009.
1971#
1972# Now they seem to have changed their mind, November 1 is the new date:
1973# <a href="http://www.thenews.com.pk/top_story_detail.asp?Id=24742">
1974# http://www.thenews.com.pk/top_story_detail.asp?Id=24742
1975# </a>
1976# "The country's clocks will be reversed by one hour on November 1.
1977# Officials of Federal Ministry for Interior told this to Geo News on
1978# Monday."
1979#
1980# And more importantly, it seems that these dates will be kept every year:
1981# "It has now been decided that clocks will be wound forward by one hour
1982# on April 15 and reversed by an hour on November 1 every year without
1983# obtaining prior approval, the officials added."
1984#
1985# We have confirmed this year's end date with both with the Ministry of
1986# Water and Power and the Pakistan Electric Power Company:
1987# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/pakistan-ends-dst09.html">
1988# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/pakistan-ends-dst09.html
1989# </a>
1990
1991# From Christoph Goehre (2009-10-01):
1992# [T]he German Consulate General in Karachi reported me today that Pakistan
1993# will go back to standard time on 1st of November.
1994
1995# From Steffen Thorsen (2010-03-26):
1996# Steffen Thorsen wrote:
1997# > On Thursday (2010-03-25) it was announced that DST would start in
1998# > Pakistan on 2010-04-01.
1999# >
2000# > Then today, the president said that they might have to revert the
2001# > decision if it is not supported by the parliament. So at the time
2002# > being, it seems unclear if DST will be actually observed or not - but
2003# > April 1 could be a more likely date than April 15.
2004# Now, it seems that the decision to not observe DST in final:
2005#
2006# "Govt Withdraws Plan To Advance Clocks"
2007# <a href="http://www.apakistannews.com/govt-withdraws-plan-to-advance-clocks-172041">
2008# http://www.apakistannews.com/govt-withdraws-plan-to-advance-clocks-172041
2009# </a>
2010#
2011# "People laud PM's announcement to end DST"
2012# <a href="http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=99374&Itemid=2">
2013# http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=99374&Itemid=2
2014# </a>
2015
2016# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2017Rule Pakistan 2002 only - Apr Sun>=2 0:01 1:00 S
2018Rule Pakistan 2002 only - Oct Sun>=2 0:01 0 -
2019Rule Pakistan 2008 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S
2020Rule Pakistan 2008 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 -
2021Rule Pakistan 2009 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 S
2022Rule Pakistan 2009 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 -
2023
2024# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2025Zone Asia/Karachi 4:28:12 - LMT 1907
2026 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep
2027 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 15
2028 5:30 - IST 1951 Sep 30
2029 5:00 - KART 1971 Mar 26 # Karachi Time
2030 5:00 Pakistan PK%sT # Pakistan Time
2031
2032# Palestine
2033
2034# From Amos Shapir (1998-02-15):
2035#
2036# From 1917 until 1948-05-15, all of Palestine, including the parts now
2037# known as the Gaza Strip and the West Bank, was under British rule.
2038# Therefore the rules given for Israel for that period, apply there too...
2039#
2040# The Gaza Strip was under Egyptian rule between 1948-05-15 until 1967-06-05
2041# (except a short occupation by Israel from 1956-11 till 1957-03, but no
2042# time zone was affected then). It was never formally annexed to Egypt,
2043# though.
2044#
2045# The rest of Palestine was under Jordanian rule at that time, formally
2046# annexed in 1950 as the West Bank (and the word "Trans" was dropped from
2047# the country's previous name of "the Hashemite Kingdom of the
2048# Trans-Jordan"). So the rules for Jordan for that time apply. Major
2049# towns in that area are Nablus (Shchem), El-Halil (Hebron), Ramallah, and
2050# East Jerusalem.
2051#
2052# Both areas were occupied by Israel in June 1967, but not annexed (except
2053# for East Jerusalem). They were on Israel time since then; there might
2054# have been a Military Governor's order about time zones, but I'm not aware
2055# of any (such orders may have been issued semi-annually whenever summer
2056# time was in effect, but maybe the legal aspect of time was just neglected).
2057#
2058# The Palestinian Authority was established in 1993, and got hold of most
2059# towns in the West Bank and Gaza by 1995. I know that in order to
2060# demonstrate...independence, they have been switching to
2061# summer time and back on a different schedule than Israel's, but I don't
2062# know when this was started, or what algorithm is used (most likely the
2063# Jordanian one).
2064#
2065# To summarize, the table should probably look something like that:
2066#
2067# Area \ when | 1918-1947 | 1948-1967 | 1967-1995 | 1996-
2068# ------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------
2069# Israel | Zion | Zion | Zion | Zion
2070# West bank | Zion | Jordan | Zion | Jordan
2071# Gaza | Zion | Egypt | Zion | Jordan
2072#
2073# I guess more info may be available from the PA's web page (if/when they
2074# have one).
2075
2076# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
2077# Shanks & Pottenger write that Gaza did not observe DST until 1957, but go
2078# with Shapir and assume that it observed DST from 1940 through 1947,
2079# and that it used Jordanian rules starting in 1996.
2080# We don't yet need a separate entry for the West Bank, since
2081# the only differences between it and Gaza that we know about
2082# occurred before our cutoff date of 1970.
2083# However, as we get more information, we may need to add entries
2084# for parts of the West Bank as they transitioned from Israel's rules
2085# to Palestine's rules.
2086
2087# From IINS News Service - Israel - 1998-03-23 10:38:07 Israel time,
2088# forwarded by Ephraim Silverberg:
2089#
2090# Despite the fact that Israel changed over to daylight savings time
2091# last week, the PLO Authority (PA) has decided not to turn its clocks
2092# one-hour forward at this time. As a sign of independence from Israeli rule,
2093# the PA has decided to implement DST in April.
2094
2095# From Paul Eggert (1999-09-20):
2096# Daoud Kuttab writes in
2097# <a href="http://www.jpost.com/com/Archive/22.Apr.1999/Opinion/Article-2.html">
2098# Holiday havoc
2099# </a> (Jerusalem Post, 1999-04-22) that
2100# the Palestinian National Authority changed to DST on 1999-04-15.
2101# I vaguely recall that they switch back in October (sorry, forgot the source).
2102# For now, let's assume that the spring switch was at 24:00,
2103# and that they switch at 0:00 on the 3rd Fridays of April and October.
2104
2105# From Paul Eggert (2005-11-22):
2106# Starting 2004 transitions are from Steffen Thorsen's web site timeanddate.com.
2107
2108# From Steffen Thorsen (2005-11-23):
2109# A user from Gaza reported that Gaza made the change early because of
2110# the Ramadan. Next year Ramadan will be even earlier, so I think
2111# there is a good chance next year's end date will be around two weeks
2112# earlier--the same goes for Jordan.
2113
2114# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-08-17):
2115# I was informed by a user in Bethlehem that in Bethlehem it started the
2116# same day as Israel, and after checking with other users in the area, I
2117# was informed that they started DST one day after Israel. I was not
2118# able to find any authoritative sources at the time, nor details if
2119# Gaza changed as well, but presumed Gaza to follow the same rules as
2120# the West Bank.
2121
2122# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-09-26):
2123# according to the Palestine News Network (2006-09-19):
2124# http://english.pnn.ps/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=596&Itemid=5
2125# > The Council of Ministers announced that this year its winter schedule
2126# > will begin early, as of midnight Thursday. It is also time to turn
2127# > back the clocks for winter. Friday will begin an hour late this week.
2128# I guess it is likely that next year's date will be moved as well,
2129# because of the Ramadan.
2130
2131# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2007-09-18):
2132# According to Steffen Thorsen's web site the Gaza Strip and the rest of the
2133# Palestinian territories left DST early on 13.th. of September at 2:00.
2134
2135# From Paul Eggert (2007-09-20):
2136# My understanding is that Gaza and the West Bank disagree even over when
2137# the weekend is (Thursday+Friday versus Friday+Saturday), so I'd be a bit
2138# surprised if they agreed about DST. But for now, assume they agree.
2139# For lack of better information, predict that future changes will be
2140# the 2nd Thursday of September at 02:00.
2141
2142# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2008-08-28):
2143# Here is an article, that Mideast running on different clocks at Ramadan.
2144#
2145# Gaza Strip (as Egypt) ended DST at midnight Thursday (Aug 28, 2008), while
2146# the West Bank will end Daylight Saving Time at midnight Sunday (Aug 31, 2008).
2147#
2148# <a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/feedarticle/7759001">
2149# http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/feedarticle/7759001
2150# </a>
2151# <a href="http://www.abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory?id=5676087">
2152# http://www.abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory?id=5676087
2153# </a>
2154# or
2155# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip01.html">
2156# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip01.html
2157# </a>
2158
2159# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-26):
2160# According to the Palestine News Network (arabic.pnn.ps), Palestinian
2161# government decided to start Daylight Time on Thursday night March
2162# 26 and continue until the night of 27 September 2009.
2163#
2164# (in Arabic)
2165# <a href="http://arabic.pnn.ps/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=50850">
2166# http://arabic.pnn.ps/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=50850
2167# </a>
2168#
2169# or
2170# (English translation)
2171# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_westbank01.html">
2172# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_westbank01.html
2173# </a>
2174
2175# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-08-31):
2176# Palestine's Council of Ministers announced that they will revert back to
2177# winter time on Friday, 2009-09-04.
2178#
2179# One news source:
2180# <a href="http://www.safa.ps/ara/?action=showdetail&seid=4158">
2181# http://www.safa.ps/ara/?action=showdetail&seid=4158
2182# </a>
2183# (Palestinian press agency, Arabic),
2184# Google translate: "Decided that the Palestinian government in Ramallah
2185# headed by Salam Fayyad, the start of work in time for the winter of
2186# 2009, starting on Friday approved the fourth delay Sept. clock sixty
2187# minutes per hour as of Friday morning."
2188#
2189# We are not sure if Gaza will do the same, last year they had a different
2190# end date, we will keep this page updated:
2191# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/westbank-gaza-dst-2009.html">
2192# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/westbank-gaza-dst-2009.html
2193# </a>
2194
2195# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-09-02):
2196# Seems that Gaza Strip will go back to Winter Time same date as West Bank.
2197#
2198# According to Palestinian Ministry Of Interior, West Bank and Gaza Strip plan
2199# to change time back to Standard time on September 4, 2009.
2200#
2201# "Winter time unite the West Bank and Gaza"
2202# (from Palestinian National Authority):
2203# <a href="http://www.moi.gov.ps/en/?page=633167343250594025&nid=11505
2204# http://www.moi.gov.ps/en/?page=633167343250594025&nid=11505
2205# </a>
2206# or
2207# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip02.html>
2208# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip02.html
2209# </a>
2210
2211# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-03-19):
2212# According to Voice of Palestine DST will last for 191 days, from March
2213# 26, 2010 till "the last Sunday before the tenth day of Tishri
2214# (October), each year" (October 03, 2010?)
2215#
2216# <a href="http://palvoice.org/forums/showthread.php?t=245697">
2217# http://palvoice.org/forums/showthread.php?t=245697
2218# </a>
2219# (in Arabic)
2220# or
2221# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_westbank03.html">
2222# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_westbank03.html
2223# </a>
2224
2225# From Steffen Thorsen (2010-03-24):
2226# ...Ma'an News Agency reports that Hamas cabinet has decided it will
2227# start one day later, at 12:01am. Not sure if they really mean 12:01am or
2228# noon though:
2229#
2230# <a href="http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=271178">
2231# http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=271178
2232# </a>
2233# (Ma'an News Agency)
2234# "At 12:01am Friday, clocks in Israel and the West Bank will change to
2235# 1:01am, while Gaza clocks will change at 12:01am Saturday morning."
2236
2237# From Steffen Thorsen (2010-08-11):
2238# According to several sources, including
2239# <a href="http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=306795">
2240# http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=306795
2241# </a>
2242# the clocks were set back one hour at 2010-08-11 00:00:00 local time in
2243# Gaza and the West Bank.
2244# Some more background info:
2245# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/westbank-gaza-end-dst-2010.html">
2246# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/westbank-gaza-end-dst-2010.html
2247# </a>
2248
2249# From Steffen Thorsen (2011-08-26):
2250# Gaza and the West Bank did go back to standard time in the beginning of
2251# August, and will now enter daylight saving time again on 2011-08-30
2252# 00:00 (so two periods of DST in 2011). The pause was because of
2253# Ramadan.
2254#
2255# <a href="http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=416217">
2256# http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=416217
2257# </a>
2258# Additional info:
2259# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/palestine-dst-2011.html">
2260# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/palestine-dst-2011.html
2261# </a>
2262
2263# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2011-08-27):
2264# According to the article in The Jerusalem Post:
2265# "...Earlier this month, the Palestinian government in the West Bank decided to
2266# move to standard time for 30 days, during Ramadan. The Palestinians in the
2267# Gaza Strip accepted the change and also moved their clocks one hour back.
2268# The Hamas government said on Saturday that it won't observe summertime after
2269# the Muslim feast of Id al-Fitr, which begins on Tuesday..."
2270# ...
2271# <a href="http://www.jpost.com/MiddleEast/Article.aspx?id=235650">
2272# http://www.jpost.com/MiddleEast/Article.aspx?id=235650
2273# </a>
2274# or
2275# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip05.html">
2276# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip05.html
2277# </a>
2278# The rules for Egypt are stolen from the `africa' file.
2279
2280# From Steffen Thorsen (2011-09-30):
2281# West Bank did end Daylight Saving Time this morning/midnight (2011-09-30
2282# 00:00).
2283# So West Bank and Gaza now have the same time again.
2284#
2285# Many sources, including:
2286# <a href="http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=424808">
2287# http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=424808
2288# </a>
2289
2290# From Steffen Thorsen (2012-03-26):
2291# Palestinian news sources tell that both Gaza and West Bank will start DST
2292# on Friday (Thursday midnight, 2012-03-29 24:00).
2293# Some of many sources in Arabic:
2294# <a href="http://www.samanews.com/index.php?act=Show&id=122638">
2295# http://www.samanews.com/index.php?act=Show&id=122638
2296# </a>
2297#
2298# <a href="http://safa.ps/details/news/74352/%D8%A8%D8%AF%D8%A1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%8A%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B6%D9%81%D8%A9-%D9%88%D8%BA%D8%B2%D8%A9-%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A9.html">
2299# http://safa.ps/details/news/74352/%D8%A8%D8%AF%D8%A1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%8A%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B6%D9%81%D8%A9-%D9%88%D8%BA%D8%B2%D8%A9-%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A9.html
2300# </a>
2301#
2302# Our brief summary:
2303# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/gaza-west-bank-dst-2012.html">
2304# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/gaza-west-bank-dst-2012.html
2305# </a>
2306
2307# From Steffen Thorsen (2013-03-26):
2308# The following news sources tells that Palestine will "start daylight saving
2309# time from midnight on Friday, March 29, 2013" (translated).
2310# [These are in Arabic and are for Gaza and for Ramallah, respectively.]
2311# http://www.samanews.com/index.php?act=Show&id=154120
2312# http://safa.ps/details/news/99844/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%87-%D8%A8%D8%AF%D8%A1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%8A%D9%81%D9%8A-29-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A.html
2313
2314# From Steffen Thorsen (2013-09-24):
2315# The Gaza and West Bank are ending DST Thursday at midnight
2316# (2013-09-27 00:00:00) (one hour earlier than last year...).
2317# This source in English, says "that winter time will go into effect
2318# at midnight on Thursday in the West Bank and Gaza Strip":
2319# http://english.wafa.ps/index.php?action=detail&id=23246
2320# official source...:
2321# http://www.palestinecabinet.gov.ps/ar/Views/ViewDetails.aspx?pid=1252
2322
2323# From Paul Eggert (2013-09-24):
2324# For future dates, guess the last Thursday in March at 24:00 through
2325# the first Friday on or after September 21 at 00:00. This is consistent with
2326# the predictions in today's editions of the following URLs,
2327# which are for Gaza and Hebron respectively:
2328# http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/timezone.html?n=702
2329# http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/timezone.html?n=2364
2330
2331# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2332Rule EgyptAsia 1957 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S
2333Rule EgyptAsia 1957 1958 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
2334Rule EgyptAsia 1958 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
2335Rule EgyptAsia 1959 1967 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S
2336Rule EgyptAsia 1959 1965 - Sep 30 3:00 0 -
2337Rule EgyptAsia 1966 only - Oct 1 3:00 0 -
2338
2339Rule Palestine 1999 2005 - Apr Fri>=15 0:00 1:00 S
2340Rule Palestine 1999 2003 - Oct Fri>=15 0:00 0 -
2341Rule Palestine 2004 only - Oct 1 1:00 0 -
2342Rule Palestine 2005 only - Oct 4 2:00 0 -
2343Rule Palestine 2006 2007 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
2344Rule Palestine 2006 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 -
2345Rule Palestine 2007 only - Sep Thu>=8 2:00 0 -
2346Rule Palestine 2008 2009 - Mar lastFri 0:00 1:00 S
2347Rule Palestine 2008 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 -
2348Rule Palestine 2009 only - Sep Fri>=1 1:00 0 -
2349Rule Palestine 2010 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S
2350Rule Palestine 2010 only - Aug 11 0:00 0 -
2351Rule Palestine 2011 only - Apr 1 0:01 1:00 S
2352Rule Palestine 2011 only - Aug 1 0:00 0 -
2353Rule Palestine 2011 only - Aug 30 0:00 1:00 S
2354Rule Palestine 2011 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 -
2355Rule Palestine 2012 max - Mar lastThu 24:00 1:00 S
2356Rule Palestine 2012 only - Sep 21 1:00 0 -
2357Rule Palestine 2013 max - Sep Fri>=21 0:00 0 -
2358
2359# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2360Zone Asia/Gaza 2:17:52 - LMT 1900 Oct
2361 2:00 Zion EET 1948 May 15
2362 2:00 EgyptAsia EE%sT 1967 Jun 5
2363 2:00 Zion I%sT 1996
2364 2:00 Jordan EE%sT 1999
2365 2:00 Palestine EE%sT 2008 Aug 29 0:00
2366 2:00 - EET 2008 Sep
2367 2:00 Palestine EE%sT 2010
2368 2:00 - EET 2010 Mar 27 0:01
2369 2:00 Palestine EE%sT 2011 Aug 1
2370 2:00 - EET 2012
2371 2:00 Palestine EE%sT
2372
2373Zone Asia/Hebron 2:20:23 - LMT 1900 Oct
2374 2:00 Zion EET 1948 May 15
2375 2:00 EgyptAsia EE%sT 1967 Jun 5
2376 2:00 Zion I%sT 1996
2377 2:00 Jordan EE%sT 1999
2378 2:00 Palestine EE%sT
2379
2380# Paracel Is
2381# no information
2382
2383# Philippines
2384# On 1844-08-16, Narciso Claveria, governor-general of the
2385# Philippines, issued a proclamation announcing that 1844-12-30 was to
2386# be immediately followed by 1845-01-01. Robert H. van Gent has a
2387# transcript of the decree in <http://www.phys.uu.nl/~vgent/idl/idl.htm>.
2388# The rest of the data are from Shanks & Pottenger.
2389
2390# From Paul Eggert (2006-04-25):
2391# Tomorrow's Manila Standard reports that the Philippines Department of
2392# Trade and Industry is considering adopting DST this June when the
2393# rainy season begins. See
2394# <http://www.manilastandardtoday.com/?page=politics02_april26_2006>.
2395# For now, we'll ignore this, since it's not definite and we lack details.
2396#
2397# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-04-26):
2398# ... claims that Philippines had DST last time in 1990:
2399# http://story.philippinetimes.com/p.x/ct/9/id/145be20cc6b121c0/cid/3e5bbccc730d258c/
2400# [a story dated 2006-04-25 by Cris Larano of Dow Jones Newswires,
2401# but no details]
2402
2403# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2404Rule Phil 1936 only - Nov 1 0:00 1:00 S
2405Rule Phil 1937 only - Feb 1 0:00 0 -
2406Rule Phil 1954 only - Apr 12 0:00 1:00 S
2407Rule Phil 1954 only - Jul 1 0:00 0 -
2408Rule Phil 1978 only - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 S
2409Rule Phil 1978 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 -
2410# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2411Zone Asia/Manila -15:56:00 - LMT 1844 Dec 31
2412 8:04:00 - LMT 1899 May 11
2413 8:00 Phil PH%sT 1942 May
2414 9:00 - JST 1944 Nov
2415 8:00 Phil PH%sT
2416
2417# Qatar
2418# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2419Zone Asia/Qatar 3:26:08 - LMT 1920 # Al Dawhah / Doha
2420 4:00 - GST 1972 Jun
2421 3:00 - AST
2422
2423# Saudi Arabia
2424# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2425Zone Asia/Riyadh 3:06:52 - LMT 1950
2426 3:00 - AST
2427
2428# Singapore
2429# The data here are taken from Mok Ly Yng (2003-10-30)
2430# <http://www.math.nus.edu.sg/aslaksen/teaching/timezone.html>.
2431# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2432Zone Asia/Singapore 6:55:25 - LMT 1901 Jan 1
2433 6:55:25 - SMT 1905 Jun 1 # Singapore M.T.
2434 7:00 - MALT 1933 Jan 1 # Malaya Time
2435 7:00 0:20 MALST 1936 Jan 1
2436 7:20 - MALT 1941 Sep 1
2437 7:30 - MALT 1942 Feb 16
2438 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 12
2439 7:30 - MALT 1965 Aug 9 # independence
2440 7:30 - SGT 1982 Jan 1 # Singapore Time
2441 8:00 - SGT
2442
2443# Spratly Is
2444# no information
2445
2446# Sri Lanka
2447
2448# From Paul Eggert (2013-02-21):
2449# Milne says "Madras mean time use from May 1, 1898. Prior to this Colombo
2450# mean time, 5h. 4m. 21.9s. F., was used." But 5:04:21.9 differs considerably
2451# from Colombo's meridian 5:19:24, so for now ignore Milne and stick with
2452# Shanks and Pottenger.
2453
2454# From Paul Eggert (1996-09-03):
2455# "Sri Lanka advances clock by an hour to avoid blackout"
2456# (www.virtual-pc.com/lankaweb/news/items/240596-2.html, 1996-05-24,
2457# no longer available as of 1999-08-17)
2458# reported ``the country's standard time will be put forward by one hour at
2459# midnight Friday (1830 GMT) `in the light of the present power crisis'.''
2460#
2461# From Dharmasiri Senanayake, Sri Lanka Media Minister (1996-10-24), as quoted
2462# by Shamindra in
2463# <a href="news:54rka5$m5h@mtinsc01-mgt.ops.worldnet.att.net">
2464# Daily News - Hot News Section (1996-10-26)
2465# </a>:
2466# With effect from 12.30 a.m. on 26th October 1996
2467# Sri Lanka will be six (06) hours ahead of GMT.
2468
2469# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-04-14), quoting Sri Lanka News Online
2470# <http://news.sinhalaya.com/wmview.php?ArtID=11002> (2006-04-13):
2471# 0030 hrs on April 15, 2006 (midnight of April 14, 2006 +30 minutes)
2472# at present, become 2400 hours of April 14, 2006 (midnight of April 14, 2006).
2473
2474# From Peter Apps and Ranga Sirila of Reuters (2006-04-12) in:
2475# <http://today.reuters.co.uk/news/newsArticle.aspx?type=scienceNews&storyID=2006-04-12T172228Z_01_COL295762_RTRIDST_0_SCIENCE-SRILANKA-TIME-DC.XML>
2476# [The Tamil Tigers] never accepted the original 1996 time change and simply
2477# kept their clocks set five and a half hours ahead of Greenwich Mean
2478# Time (GMT), in line with neighbor India.
2479# From Paul Eggert (2006-04-18):
2480# People who live in regions under Tamil control can use [TZ='Asia/Kolkata'],
2481# as that zone has agreed with the Tamil areas since our cutoff date of 1970.
2482
2483# From K Sethu (2006-04-25):
2484# I think the abbreviation LKT originated from the world of computers at
2485# the time of or subsequent to the time zone changes by SL Government
2486# twice in 1996 and probably SL Government or its standardization
2487# agencies never declared an abbreviation as a national standard.
2488#
2489# I recollect before the recent change the government annoucemments
2490# mentioning it as simply changing Sri Lanka Standard Time or Sri Lanka
2491# Time and no mention was made about the abbreviation.
2492#
2493# If we look at Sri Lanka Department of Government's "Official News
2494# Website of Sri Lanka" ... http://www.news.lk/ we can see that they
2495# use SLT as abbreviation in time stamp at the beginning of each news
2496# item....
2497#
2498# Within Sri Lanka I think LKT is well known among computer users and
2499# adminsitrators. In my opinion SLT may not be a good choice because the
2500# nation's largest telcom / internet operator Sri Lanka Telcom is well
2501# known by that abbreviation - simply as SLT (there IP domains are
2502# slt.lk and sltnet.lk).
2503#
2504# But if indeed our government has adopted SLT as standard abbreviation
2505# (that we have not known so far) then it is better that it be used for
2506# all computers.
2507
2508# From Paul Eggert (2006-04-25):
2509# One possibility is that we wait for a bit for the dust to settle down
2510# and then see what people actually say in practice.
2511
2512# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2513Zone Asia/Colombo 5:19:24 - LMT 1880
2514 5:19:32 - MMT 1906 # Moratuwa Mean Time
2515 5:30 - IST 1942 Jan 5
2516 5:30 0:30 IHST 1942 Sep
2517 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 16 2:00
2518 5:30 - IST 1996 May 25 0:00
2519 6:30 - LKT 1996 Oct 26 0:30
2520 6:00 - LKT 2006 Apr 15 0:30
2521 5:30 - IST
2522
2523# Syria
2524# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2525Rule Syria 1920 1923 - Apr Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 S
2526Rule Syria 1920 1923 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 0 -
2527Rule Syria 1962 only - Apr 29 2:00 1:00 S
2528Rule Syria 1962 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 -
2529Rule Syria 1963 1965 - May 1 2:00 1:00 S
2530Rule Syria 1963 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 -
2531Rule Syria 1964 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 -
2532Rule Syria 1965 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 -
2533Rule Syria 1966 only - Apr 24 2:00 1:00 S
2534Rule Syria 1966 1976 - Oct 1 2:00 0 -
2535Rule Syria 1967 1978 - May 1 2:00 1:00 S
2536Rule Syria 1977 1978 - Sep 1 2:00 0 -
2537Rule Syria 1983 1984 - Apr 9 2:00 1:00 S
2538Rule Syria 1983 1984 - Oct 1 2:00 0 -
2539Rule Syria 1986 only - Feb 16 2:00 1:00 S
2540Rule Syria 1986 only - Oct 9 2:00 0 -
2541Rule Syria 1987 only - Mar 1 2:00 1:00 S
2542Rule Syria 1987 1988 - Oct 31 2:00 0 -
2543Rule Syria 1988 only - Mar 15 2:00 1:00 S
2544Rule Syria 1989 only - Mar 31 2:00 1:00 S
2545Rule Syria 1989 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 -
2546Rule Syria 1990 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 S
2547Rule Syria 1990 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 -
2548Rule Syria 1991 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
2549Rule Syria 1991 1992 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
2550Rule Syria 1992 only - Apr 8 0:00 1:00 S
2551Rule Syria 1993 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S
2552Rule Syria 1993 only - Sep 25 0:00 0 -
2553# IATA SSIM (1998-02) says 1998-04-02;
2554# (1998-09) says 1999-03-29 and 1999-09-29; (1999-02) says 1999-04-02,
2555# 2000-04-02, and 2001-04-02; (1999-09) says 2000-03-31 and 2001-03-31;
2556# (2006) says 2006-03-31 and 2006-09-22;
2557# for now ignore all these claims and go with Shanks & Pottenger,
2558# except for the 2006-09-22 claim (which seems right for Ramadan).
2559Rule Syria 1994 1996 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
2560Rule Syria 1994 2005 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
2561Rule Syria 1997 1998 - Mar lastMon 0:00 1:00 S
2562Rule Syria 1999 2006 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
2563# From Stephen Colebourne (2006-09-18):
2564# According to IATA data, Syria will change DST on 21st September [21:00 UTC]
2565# this year [only].... This is probably related to Ramadan, like Egypt.
2566Rule Syria 2006 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 -
2567# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-29):
2568# Today the AP reported "Syria will switch to summertime at midnight Thursday."
2569# http://www.iht.com/articles/ap/2007/03/29/africa/ME-GEN-Syria-Time-Change.php
2570Rule Syria 2007 only - Mar lastFri 0:00 1:00 S
2571# From Jesper Norgard (2007-10-27):
2572# The sister center ICARDA of my work CIMMYT is confirming that Syria DST will
2573# not take place 1st November at 0:00 o'clock but 1st November at 24:00 or
2574# rather Midnight between Thursday and Friday. This does make more sense than
2575# having it between Wednesday and Thursday (two workdays in Syria) since the
2576# weekend in Syria is not Saturday and Sunday, but Friday and Saturday. So now
2577# it is implemented at midnight of the last workday before weekend...
2578#
2579# From Steffen Thorsen (2007-10-27):
2580# Jesper Norgaard Welen wrote:
2581#
2582# > "Winter local time in Syria will be observed at midnight of Thursday 1
2583# > November 2007, and the clock will be put back 1 hour."
2584#
2585# I found confirmation on this in this gov.sy-article (Arabic):
2586# http://wehda.alwehda.gov.sy/_print_veiw.asp?FileName=12521710520070926111247
2587#
2588# which using Google's translate tools says:
2589# Council of Ministers also approved the commencement of work on
2590# identifying the winter time as of Friday, 2/11/2007 where the 60th
2591# minute delay at midnight Thursday 1/11/2007.
2592Rule Syria 2007 only - Nov Fri>=1 0:00 0 -
2593
2594# From Stephen Colebourne (2008-03-17):
2595# For everyone's info, I saw an IATA time zone change for [Syria] for
2596# this month (March 2008) in the last day or so...This is the data IATA
2597# are now using:
2598# Country Time Standard --- DST Start --- --- DST End --- DST
2599# Name Zone Variation Time Date Time Date
2600# Variation
2601# Syrian Arab
2602# Republic SY +0200 2200 03APR08 2100 30SEP08 +0300
2603# 2200 02APR09 2100 30SEP09 +0300
2604# 2200 01APR10 2100 30SEP10 +0300
2605
2606# From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-17):
2607# Here's a link to English-language coverage by the Syrian Arab News
2608# Agency (SANA)...
2609# <a href="http://www.sana.sy/eng/21/2008/03/11/165173.htm">
2610# http://www.sana.sy/eng/21/2008/03/11/165173.htm
2611# </a>...which reads (in part) "The Cabinet approved the suggestion of the
2612# Ministry of Electricity to begin daylight savings time on Friday April
2613# 4th, advancing clocks one hour ahead on midnight of Thursday April 3rd."
2614# Since Syria is two hours east of UTC, the 2200 and 2100 transition times
2615# shown above match up with midnight in Syria.
2616
2617# From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-18):
2618# My buest guess at a Syrian rule is "the Friday nearest April 1";
2619# coding that involves either using a "Mar Fri>=29" construct that old time zone
2620# compilers can't handle or having multiple Rules (a la Israel).
2621# For now, use "Apr Fri>=1", and go with IATA on a uniform Sep 30 end.
2622
2623# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-10-07):
2624# Syria has now officially decided to end DST on 2008-11-01 this year,
2625# according to the following article in the Syrian Arab News Agency (SANA).
2626#
2627# The article is in Arabic, and seems to tell that they will go back to
2628# winter time on 2008-11-01 at 00:00 local daylight time (delaying/setting
2629# clocks back 60 minutes).
2630#
2631# <a href="http://sana.sy/ara/2/2008/10/07/195459.htm">
2632# http://sana.sy/ara/2/2008/10/07/195459.htm
2633# </a>
2634
2635# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-03-19):
2636# Syria will start DST on 2009-03-27 00:00 this year according to many sources,
2637# two examples:
2638#
2639# <a href="http://www.sana.sy/eng/21/2009/03/17/217563.htm">
2640# http://www.sana.sy/eng/21/2009/03/17/217563.htm
2641# </a>
2642# (English, Syrian Arab News # Agency)
2643# <a href="http://thawra.alwehda.gov.sy/_View_news2.asp?FileName=94459258720090318012209">
2644# http://thawra.alwehda.gov.sy/_View_news2.asp?FileName=94459258720090318012209
2645# </a>
2646# (Arabic, gov-site)
2647#
2648# We have not found any sources saying anything about when DST ends this year.
2649#
2650# Our summary
2651# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/syria-dst-starts-march-27-2009.html">
2652# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/syria-dst-starts-march-27-2009.html
2653# </a>
2654
2655# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-10-27):
2656# The Syrian Arab News Network on 2009-09-29 reported that Syria will
2657# revert back to winter (standard) time on midnight between Thursday
2658# 2009-10-29 and Friday 2009-10-30:
2659# <a href="http://www.sana.sy/ara/2/2009/09/29/247012.htm">
2660# http://www.sana.sy/ara/2/2009/09/29/247012.htm (Arabic)
2661# </a>
2662
2663# From Arthur David Olson (2009-10-28):
2664# We'll see if future DST switching times turn out to be end of the last
2665# Thursday of the month or the start of the last Friday of the month or
2666# something else. For now, use the start of the last Friday.
2667
2668# From Steffen Thorsen (2010-03-17):
2669# The "Syrian News Station" reported on 2010-03-16 that the Council of
2670# Ministers has decided that Syria will start DST on midnight Thursday
2671# 2010-04-01: (midnight between Thursday and Friday):
2672# <a href="http://sns.sy/sns/?path=news/read/11421">
2673# http://sns.sy/sns/?path=news/read/11421 (Arabic)
2674# </a>
2675
2676# From Steffen Thorsen (2012-03-26):
2677# Today, Syria's government announced that they will start DST early on Friday
2678# (00:00). This is a bit earlier than the past two years.
2679#
2680# From Syrian Arab News Agency, in Arabic:
2681# <a href="http://www.sana.sy/ara/2/2012/03/26/408215.htm">
2682# http://www.sana.sy/ara/2/2012/03/26/408215.htm
2683# </a>
2684#
2685# Our brief summary:
2686# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/syria-dst-2012.html">
2687# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/syria-dst-2012.html
2688# </a>
2689
2690# From Arthur David Olson (2012-03-27):
2691# Assume last Friday in March going forward XXX.
2692
2693Rule Syria 2008 only - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S
2694Rule Syria 2008 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 -
2695Rule Syria 2009 only - Mar lastFri 0:00 1:00 S
2696Rule Syria 2010 2011 - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S
2697Rule Syria 2012 max - Mar lastFri 0:00 1:00 S
2698Rule Syria 2009 max - Oct lastFri 0:00 0 -
2699
2700# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2701Zone Asia/Damascus 2:25:12 - LMT 1920 # Dimashq
2702 2:00 Syria EE%sT
2703
2704# Tajikistan
2705# From Shanks & Pottenger.
2706# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2707Zone Asia/Dushanbe 4:35:12 - LMT 1924 May 2
2708 5:00 - DUST 1930 Jun 21 # Dushanbe Time
2709 6:00 RussiaAsia DUS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
2710 5:00 1:00 DUSST 1991 Sep 9 2:00s
2711 5:00 - TJT # Tajikistan Time
2712
2713# Thailand
2714# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2715Zone Asia/Bangkok 6:42:04 - LMT 1880
2716 6:42:04 - BMT 1920 Apr # Bangkok Mean Time
2717 7:00 - ICT
2718
2719# Turkmenistan
2720# From Shanks & Pottenger.
2721# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2722Zone Asia/Ashgabat 3:53:32 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Ashkhabad
2723 4:00 - ASHT 1930 Jun 21 # Ashkhabad Time
2724 5:00 RussiaAsia ASH%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00
2725 4:00 RussiaAsia ASH%sT 1991 Oct 27 # independence
2726 4:00 RussiaAsia TM%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00
2727 5:00 - TMT
2728
2729# United Arab Emirates
2730# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2731Zone Asia/Dubai 3:41:12 - LMT 1920
2732 4:00 - GST
2733
2734# Uzbekistan
2735# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2736Zone Asia/Samarkand 4:27:12 - LMT 1924 May 2
2737 4:00 - SAMT 1930 Jun 21 # Samarkand Time
2738 5:00 - SAMT 1981 Apr 1
2739 5:00 1:00 SAMST 1981 Oct 1
2740 6:00 - TAST 1982 Apr 1 # Tashkent Time
2741 5:00 RussiaAsia SAM%sT 1991 Sep 1 # independence
2742 5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1992
2743 5:00 - UZT
2744Zone Asia/Tashkent 4:37:12 - LMT 1924 May 2
2745 5:00 - TAST 1930 Jun 21 # Tashkent Time
2746 6:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00
2747 5:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Sep 1 # independence
2748 5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1992
2749 5:00 - UZT
2750
2751# Vietnam
2752
2753# From Paul Eggert (2013-02-21):
2754# Milne gives 7:16:56 for the meridian of Saigon in 1899, as being
2755# used in Lower Laos, Cambodia, and Annam. But this is quite a ways
2756# from Saigon's location. For now, ignore this and stick with Shanks
2757# and Pottenger.
2758
2759# From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-18):
2760# The English-language name of Vietnam's most populous city is "Ho Chi Min City";
2761# we use Ho_Chi_Minh below to avoid a name of more than 14 characters.
2762
2763# From Shanks & Pottenger:
2764# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2765Zone Asia/Ho_Chi_Minh 7:06:40 - LMT 1906 Jun 9
2766 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT?
2767 7:00 - ICT 1912 May
2768 8:00 - ICT 1931 May
2769 7:00 - ICT
2770
2771# Yemen
2772
2773# Milne says 2:59:54 was the meridian of the saluting battery at Aden,
2774# and that Yemen was at 1:55:56, the meridian of the Hagia Sophia.
2775
2776# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2777Zone Asia/Aden 2:59:54 - LMT 1950
2778 3:00 - AST
| 1101# From Ephraim Silverberg
1102# (1997-03-04, 1998-03-16, 1998-12-28, 2000-01-17, 2000-07-25, 2004-12-22,
1103# and 2005-02-17):
1104
1105# According to the Office of the Secretary General of the Ministry of
1106# Interior, there is NO set rule for Daylight-Savings/Standard time changes.
1107# One thing is entrenched in law, however: that there must be at least 150
1108# days of daylight savings time annually. From 1993-1998, the change to
1109# daylight savings time was on a Friday morning from midnight IST to
1110# 1 a.m IDT; up until 1998, the change back to standard time was on a
1111# Saturday night from midnight daylight savings time to 11 p.m. standard
1112# time. 1996 is an exception to this rule where the change back to standard
1113# time took place on Sunday night instead of Saturday night to avoid
1114# conflicts with the Jewish New Year. In 1999, the change to
1115# daylight savings time was still on a Friday morning but from
1116# 2 a.m. IST to 3 a.m. IDT; furthermore, the change back to standard time
1117# was also on a Friday morning from 2 a.m. IDT to 1 a.m. IST for
1118# 1999 only. In the year 2000, the change to daylight savings time was
1119# similar to 1999, but although the change back will be on a Friday, it
1120# will take place from 1 a.m. IDT to midnight IST. Starting in 2001, all
1121# changes to/from will take place at 1 a.m. old time, but now there is no
1122# rule as to what day of the week it will take place in as the start date
1123# (except in 2003) is the night after the Passover Seder (i.e. the eve
1124# of the 16th of Nisan in the lunar Hebrew calendar) and the end date
1125# (except in 2002) is three nights before Yom Kippur [Day of Atonement]
1126# (the eve of the 7th of Tishrei in the lunar Hebrew calendar).
1127
1128# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1129Rule Zion 1989 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D
1130Rule Zion 1989 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S
1131Rule Zion 1990 only - Mar 25 0:00 1:00 D
1132Rule Zion 1990 only - Aug 26 0:00 0 S
1133Rule Zion 1991 only - Mar 24 0:00 1:00 D
1134Rule Zion 1991 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 S
1135Rule Zion 1992 only - Mar 29 0:00 1:00 D
1136Rule Zion 1992 only - Sep 6 0:00 0 S
1137Rule Zion 1993 only - Apr 2 0:00 1:00 D
1138Rule Zion 1993 only - Sep 5 0:00 0 S
1139
1140# The dates for 1994-1995 were obtained from Office of the Spokeswoman for the
1141# Ministry of Interior, Jerusalem, Israel. The spokeswoman can be reached by
1142# calling the office directly at 972-2-6701447 or 972-2-6701448.
1143
1144# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1145Rule Zion 1994 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
1146Rule Zion 1994 only - Aug 28 0:00 0 S
1147Rule Zion 1995 only - Mar 31 0:00 1:00 D
1148Rule Zion 1995 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S
1149
1150# The dates for 1996 were determined by the Minister of Interior of the
1151# time, Haim Ramon. The official announcement regarding 1996-1998
1152# (with the dates for 1997-1998 no longer being relevant) can be viewed at:
1153#
1154# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/1996-1998.ramon.ps.gz
1155#
1156# The dates for 1997-1998 were altered by his successor, Rabbi Eli Suissa.
1157#
1158# The official announcements for the years 1997-1999 can be viewed at:
1159#
1160# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/YYYY.ps.gz
1161#
1162# where YYYY is the relevant year.
1163
1164# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1165Rule Zion 1996 only - Mar 15 0:00 1:00 D
1166Rule Zion 1996 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 S
1167Rule Zion 1997 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D
1168Rule Zion 1997 only - Sep 14 0:00 0 S
1169Rule Zion 1998 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 D
1170Rule Zion 1998 only - Sep 6 0:00 0 S
1171Rule Zion 1999 only - Apr 2 2:00 1:00 D
1172Rule Zion 1999 only - Sep 3 2:00 0 S
1173
1174# The Knesset Interior Committee has changed the dates for 2000 for
1175# the third time in just over a year and have set new dates for the
1176# years 2001-2004 as well.
1177#
1178# The official announcement for the start date of 2000 can be viewed at:
1179#
1180# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2000-start.ps.gz
1181#
1182# The official announcement for the end date of 2000 and the dates
1183# for the years 2001-2004 can be viewed at:
1184#
1185# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2000-2004.ps.gz
1186
1187# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1188Rule Zion 2000 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
1189Rule Zion 2000 only - Oct 6 1:00 0 S
1190Rule Zion 2001 only - Apr 9 1:00 1:00 D
1191Rule Zion 2001 only - Sep 24 1:00 0 S
1192Rule Zion 2002 only - Mar 29 1:00 1:00 D
1193Rule Zion 2002 only - Oct 7 1:00 0 S
1194Rule Zion 2003 only - Mar 28 1:00 1:00 D
1195Rule Zion 2003 only - Oct 3 1:00 0 S
1196Rule Zion 2004 only - Apr 7 1:00 1:00 D
1197Rule Zion 2004 only - Sep 22 1:00 0 S
1198
1199# The proposed law agreed upon by the Knesset Interior Committee on
1200# 2005-02-14 is that, for 2005 and beyond, DST starts at 02:00 the
1201# last Friday before April 2nd (i.e. the last Friday in March or April
1202# 1st itself if it falls on a Friday) and ends at 02:00 on the Saturday
1203# night _before_ the fast of Yom Kippur.
1204#
1205# Those who can read Hebrew can view the announcement at:
1206#
1207# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2005+beyond.ps
1208
1209# From Paul Eggert (2012-10-26):
1210# I used Ephraim Silverberg's dst-israel.el program
1211# <ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/software/dst-israel.el> (2005-02-20)
1212# along with Ed Reingold's cal-hebrew in GNU Emacs 21.4,
1213# to generate the transitions from 2005 through 2012.
1214# (I replaced "lastFri" with "Fri>=26" by hand.)
1215# The spring transitions all correspond to the following Rule:
1216#
1217# Rule Zion 2005 2012 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D
1218#
1219# but older zic implementations (e.g., Solaris 8) do not support
1220# "Fri>=26" to mean April 1 in years like 2005, so for now we list the
1221# springtime transitions explicitly.
1222
1223# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1224Rule Zion 2005 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D
1225Rule Zion 2005 only - Oct 9 2:00 0 S
1226Rule Zion 2006 2010 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D
1227Rule Zion 2006 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 S
1228Rule Zion 2007 only - Sep 16 2:00 0 S
1229Rule Zion 2008 only - Oct 5 2:00 0 S
1230Rule Zion 2009 only - Sep 27 2:00 0 S
1231Rule Zion 2010 only - Sep 12 2:00 0 S
1232Rule Zion 2011 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D
1233Rule Zion 2011 only - Oct 2 2:00 0 S
1234Rule Zion 2012 only - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D
1235Rule Zion 2012 only - Sep 23 2:00 0 S
1236
1237# From Ephraim Silverberg (2013-06-27):
1238# On June 23, 2013, the Israeli government approved changes to the
1239# Time Decree Law. The next day, the changes passed the First Reading
1240# in the Knesset. The law is expected to pass the Second and Third
1241# (final) Readings by the beginning of September 2013.
1242#
1243# As of 2013, DST starts at 02:00 on the Friday before the last Sunday
1244# in March. DST ends at 02:00 on the last Sunday of October.
1245
1246# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1247Rule Zion 2013 max - Mar Fri>=23 2:00 1:00 D
1248Rule Zion 2013 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1249
1250# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1251Zone Asia/Jerusalem 2:20:54 - LMT 1880
1252 2:20:40 - JMT 1918 # Jerusalem Mean Time?
1253 2:00 Zion I%sT
1254
1255
1256
1257###############################################################################
1258
1259# Japan
1260
1261# `9:00' and `JST' is from Guy Harris.
1262
1263# From Paul Eggert (1995-03-06):
1264# Today's _Asahi Evening News_ (page 4) reports that Japan had
1265# daylight saving between 1948 and 1951, but ``the system was discontinued
1266# because the public believed it would lead to longer working hours.''
1267
1268# From Mayumi Negishi in the 2005-08-10 Japan Times
1269# <http://www.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/getarticle.pl5?nn20050810f2.htm>:
1270# Occupation authorities imposed daylight-saving time on Japan on
1271# [1948-05-01].... But lack of prior debate and the execution of
1272# daylight-saving time just three days after the bill was passed generated
1273# deep hatred of the concept.... The Diet unceremoniously passed a bill to
1274# dump the unpopular system in October 1951, less than a month after the San
1275# Francisco Peace Treaty was signed. (A government poll in 1951 showed 53%
1276# of the Japanese wanted to scrap daylight-saving time, as opposed to 30% who
1277# wanted to keep it.)
1278
1279# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1280# Shanks & Pottenger write that DST in Japan during those years was as follows:
1281# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1282Rule Japan 1948 only - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1283Rule Japan 1948 1951 - Sep Sat>=8 2:00 0 S
1284Rule Japan 1949 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1285Rule Japan 1950 1951 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1286# but the only locations using it (for birth certificates, presumably, since
1287# their audience is astrologers) were US military bases. For now, assume
1288# that for most purposes daylight-saving time was observed; otherwise, what
1289# would have been the point of the 1951 poll?
1290
1291# From Hideyuki Suzuki (1998-11-09):
1292# 'Tokyo' usually stands for the former location of Tokyo Astronomical
1293# Observatory: E 139 44' 40".90 (9h 18m 58s.727), N 35 39' 16".0.
1294# This data is from 'Rika Nenpyou (Chronological Scientific Tables) 1996'
1295# edited by National Astronomical Observatory of Japan....
1296# JST (Japan Standard Time) has been used since 1888-01-01 00:00 (JST).
1297# The law is enacted on 1886-07-07.
1298
1299# From Hideyuki Suzuki (1998-11-16):
1300# The ordinance No. 51 (1886) established "standard time" in Japan,
1301# which stands for the time on E 135 degree.
1302# In the ordinance No. 167 (1895), "standard time" was renamed to "central
1303# standard time". And the same ordinance also established "western standard
1304# time", which stands for the time on E 120 degree.... But "western standard
1305# time" was abolished in the ordinance No. 529 (1937). In the ordinance No.
1306# 167, there is no mention regarding for what place western standard time is
1307# standard....
1308#
1309# I wrote "ordinance" above, but I don't know how to translate.
1310# In Japanese it's "chokurei", which means ordinance from emperor.
1311
1312# Shanks & Pottenger claim JST in use since 1896, and that a few
1313# places (e.g. Ishigaki) use +0800; go with Suzuki. Guess that all
1314# ordinances took effect on Jan 1.
1315
1316# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1317Zone Asia/Tokyo 9:18:59 - LMT 1887 Dec 31 15:00u
1318 9:00 - JST 1896
1319 9:00 - CJT 1938
1320 9:00 Japan J%sT
1321# Since 1938, all Japanese possessions have been like Asia/Tokyo.
1322
1323# Jordan
1324#
1325# From <a href="http://star.arabia.com/990701/JO9.html">
1326# Jordan Week (1999-07-01) </a> via Steffen Thorsen (1999-09-09):
1327# Clocks in Jordan were forwarded one hour on Wednesday at midnight,
1328# in accordance with the government's decision to implement summer time
1329# all year round.
1330#
1331# From <a href="http://star.arabia.com/990930/JO9.html">
1332# Jordan Week (1999-09-30) </a> via Steffen Thorsen (1999-11-09):
1333# Winter time starts today Thursday, 30 September. Clocks will be turned back
1334# by one hour. This is the latest government decision and it's final!
1335# The decision was taken because of the increase in working hours in
1336# government's departments from six to seven hours.
1337#
1338# From Paul Eggert (2005-11-22):
1339# Starting 2003 transitions are from Steffen Thorsen's web site timeanddate.com.
1340#
1341# From Steffen Thorsen (2005-11-23):
1342# For Jordan I have received multiple independent user reports every year
1343# about DST end dates, as the end-rule is different every year.
1344#
1345# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-10-01), after a heads-up from Hilal Malawi:
1346# http://www.petranews.gov.jo/nepras/2006/Sep/05/4000.htm
1347# "Jordan will switch to winter time on Friday, October 27".
1348#
1349
1350# From Phil Pizzey (2009-04-02):
1351# ...I think I may have spotted an error in the timezone data for
1352# Jordan.
1353# The current (2009d) asia file shows Jordan going to daylight
1354# saving
1355# time on the last Thursday in March.
1356#
1357# Rule Jordan 2000 max - Mar lastThu 0:00s 1:00 S
1358#
1359# However timeanddate.com, which I usually find reliable, shows Jordan
1360# going to daylight saving time on the last Friday in March since 2002.
1361# Please see
1362# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/timezone.html?n=11">
1363# http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/timezone.html?n=11
1364# </a>
1365
1366# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-04-02):
1367# This single one might be good enough, (2009-03-24, Arabic):
1368# <a href="http://petra.gov.jo/Artical.aspx?Lng=2&Section=8&Artical=95279">
1369# http://petra.gov.jo/Artical.aspx?Lng=2&Section=8&Artical=95279
1370# </a>
1371#
1372# Google's translation:
1373#
1374# > The Council of Ministers decided in 2002 to adopt the principle of timely
1375# > submission of the summer at 60 minutes as of midnight on the last Thursday
1376# > of the month of March of each year.
1377#
1378# So - this means the midnight between Thursday and Friday since 2002.
1379
1380# From Arthur David Olson (2009-04-06):
1381# We still have Jordan switching to DST on Thursdays in 2000 and 2001.
1382
1383# From Steffen Thorsen (2012-10-25):
1384# Yesterday the government in Jordan announced that they will not
1385# switch back to standard time this winter, so the will stay on DST
1386# until about the same time next year (at least).
1387# http://www.petra.gov.jo/Public_News/Nws_NewsDetails.aspx?NewsID=88950
1388
1389# From Steffen Thorsen (2013-12-11):
1390# Jordan Times and other sources say that Jordan is going back to
1391# UTC+2 on 2013-12-19 at midnight:
1392# http://jordantimes.com/govt-decides-to-switch-back-to-wintertime
1393# Official, in Arabic:
1394# http://www.petra.gov.jo/public_news/Nws_NewsDetails.aspx?Menu_ID=&Site_Id=2&lang=1&NewsID=133230&CatID=14
1395# ... Our background/permalink about it
1396# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/jordan-reverses-dst-decision.html
1397# ...
1398# http://www.petra.gov.jo/Public_News/Nws_NewsDetails.aspx?lang=2&site_id=1&NewsID=133313&Type=P
1399# ... says midnight for the coming one and 1:00 for the ones in the future
1400# (and they will use DST again next year, using the normal schedule).
1401
1402# From Paul Eggert (2013-12-11):
1403# As Steffen suggested, consider the past 21-month experiment to be DST.
1404
1405# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1406Rule Jordan 1973 only - Jun 6 0:00 1:00 S
1407Rule Jordan 1973 1975 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
1408Rule Jordan 1974 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
1409Rule Jordan 1976 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 -
1410Rule Jordan 1977 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
1411Rule Jordan 1978 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S
1412Rule Jordan 1978 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 -
1413Rule Jordan 1985 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
1414Rule Jordan 1985 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
1415Rule Jordan 1986 1988 - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S
1416Rule Jordan 1986 1990 - Oct Fri>=1 0:00 0 -
1417Rule Jordan 1989 only - May 8 0:00 1:00 S
1418Rule Jordan 1990 only - Apr 27 0:00 1:00 S
1419Rule Jordan 1991 only - Apr 17 0:00 1:00 S
1420Rule Jordan 1991 only - Sep 27 0:00 0 -
1421Rule Jordan 1992 only - Apr 10 0:00 1:00 S
1422Rule Jordan 1992 1993 - Oct Fri>=1 0:00 0 -
1423Rule Jordan 1993 1998 - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S
1424Rule Jordan 1994 only - Sep Fri>=15 0:00 0 -
1425Rule Jordan 1995 1998 - Sep Fri>=15 0:00s 0 -
1426Rule Jordan 1999 only - Jul 1 0:00s 1:00 S
1427Rule Jordan 1999 2002 - Sep lastFri 0:00s 0 -
1428Rule Jordan 2000 2001 - Mar lastThu 0:00s 1:00 S
1429Rule Jordan 2002 2012 - Mar lastThu 24:00 1:00 S
1430Rule Jordan 2003 only - Oct 24 0:00s 0 -
1431Rule Jordan 2004 only - Oct 15 0:00s 0 -
1432Rule Jordan 2005 only - Sep lastFri 0:00s 0 -
1433Rule Jordan 2006 2011 - Oct lastFri 0:00s 0 -
1434Rule Jordan 2013 only - Dec 20 0:00 0 -
1435Rule Jordan 2014 max - Mar lastThu 24:00 1:00 S
1436Rule Jordan 2014 max - Oct lastFri 0:00s 0 -
1437# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1438Zone Asia/Amman 2:23:44 - LMT 1931
1439 2:00 Jordan EE%sT
1440
1441
1442# Kazakhstan
1443
1444# From Paul Eggert (1996-11-22):
1445# Andrew Evtichov (1996-04-13) writes that Kazakhstan
1446# stayed in sync with Moscow after 1990, and that Aqtobe (formerly Aktyubinsk)
1447# and Aqtau (formerly Shevchenko) are the largest cities in their zones.
1448# Guess that Aqtau and Aqtobe diverged in 1995, since that's the first time
1449# IATA SSIM mentions a third time zone in Kazakhstan.
1450
1451# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1452# German Iofis, ELSI, Almaty (2001-10-09) reports that Kazakhstan uses
1453# RussiaAsia rules, instead of switching at 00:00 as the IATA has it.
1454# Go with Shanks & Pottenger, who have them always using RussiaAsia rules.
1455# Also go with the following claims of Shanks & Pottenger:
1456#
1457# - Kazakhstan did not observe DST in 1991.
1458# - Qyzylorda switched from +5:00 to +6:00 on 1992-01-19 02:00.
1459# - Oral switched from +5:00 to +4:00 in spring 1989.
1460
1461# <a href="http://www.kazsociety.org.uk/news/2005/03/30.htm">
1462# From Kazakhstan Embassy's News Bulletin #11 (2005-03-21):
1463# </a>
1464# The Government of Kazakhstan passed a resolution March 15 abolishing
1465# daylight saving time citing lack of economic benefits and health
1466# complications coupled with a decrease in productivity.
1467#
1468# From Branislav Kojic (in Astana) via Gwillim Law (2005-06-28):
1469# ... what happened was that the former Kazakhstan Eastern time zone
1470# was "blended" with the Central zone. Therefore, Kazakhstan now has
1471# two time zones, and difference between them is one hour. The zone
1472# closer to UTC is the former Western zone (probably still called the
1473# same), encompassing four provinces in the west: Aqtobe, Atyrau,
1474# Mangghystau, and West Kazakhstan. The other zone encompasses
1475# everything else.... I guess that would make Kazakhstan time zones
1476# de jure UTC+5 and UTC+6 respectively.
1477
1478#
1479# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1480#
1481# Almaty (formerly Alma-Ata), representing most locations in Kazakhstan
1482Zone Asia/Almaty 5:07:48 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Alma-Ata
1483 5:00 - ALMT 1930 Jun 21 # Alma-Ata Time
1484 6:00 RussiaAsia ALM%sT 1991
1485 6:00 - ALMT 1992
1486 6:00 RussiaAsia ALM%sT 2005 Mar 15
1487 6:00 - ALMT
1488# Qyzylorda (aka Kyzylorda, Kizilorda, Kzyl-Orda, etc.)
1489Zone Asia/Qyzylorda 4:21:52 - LMT 1924 May 2
1490 4:00 - KIZT 1930 Jun 21 # Kizilorda Time
1491 5:00 - KIZT 1981 Apr 1
1492 5:00 1:00 KIZST 1981 Oct 1
1493 6:00 - KIZT 1982 Apr 1
1494 5:00 RussiaAsia KIZ%sT 1991
1495 5:00 - KIZT 1991 Dec 16 # independence
1496 5:00 - QYZT 1992 Jan 19 2:00
1497 6:00 RussiaAsia QYZ%sT 2005 Mar 15
1498 6:00 - QYZT
1499# Aqtobe (aka Aktobe, formerly Akt'ubinsk)
1500Zone Asia/Aqtobe 3:48:40 - LMT 1924 May 2
1501 4:00 - AKTT 1930 Jun 21 # Aktyubinsk Time
1502 5:00 - AKTT 1981 Apr 1
1503 5:00 1:00 AKTST 1981 Oct 1
1504 6:00 - AKTT 1982 Apr 1
1505 5:00 RussiaAsia AKT%sT 1991
1506 5:00 - AKTT 1991 Dec 16 # independence
1507 5:00 RussiaAsia AQT%sT 2005 Mar 15 # Aqtobe Time
1508 5:00 - AQTT
1509# Mangghystau
1510# Aqtau was not founded until 1963, but it represents an inhabited region,
1511# so include time stamps before 1963.
1512Zone Asia/Aqtau 3:21:04 - LMT 1924 May 2
1513 4:00 - FORT 1930 Jun 21 # Fort Shevchenko T
1514 5:00 - FORT 1963
1515 5:00 - SHET 1981 Oct 1 # Shevchenko Time
1516 6:00 - SHET 1982 Apr 1
1517 5:00 RussiaAsia SHE%sT 1991
1518 5:00 - SHET 1991 Dec 16 # independence
1519 5:00 RussiaAsia AQT%sT 1995 Mar lastSun 2:00 # Aqtau Time
1520 4:00 RussiaAsia AQT%sT 2005 Mar 15
1521 5:00 - AQTT
1522# West Kazakhstan
1523Zone Asia/Oral 3:25:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Ural'sk
1524 4:00 - URAT 1930 Jun 21 # Ural'sk time
1525 5:00 - URAT 1981 Apr 1
1526 5:00 1:00 URAST 1981 Oct 1
1527 6:00 - URAT 1982 Apr 1
1528 5:00 RussiaAsia URA%sT 1989 Mar 26 2:00
1529 4:00 RussiaAsia URA%sT 1991
1530 4:00 - URAT 1991 Dec 16 # independence
1531 4:00 RussiaAsia ORA%sT 2005 Mar 15 # Oral Time
1532 5:00 - ORAT
1533
1534# Kyrgyzstan (Kirgizstan)
1535# Transitions through 1991 are from Shanks & Pottenger.
1536
1537# From Paul Eggert (2005-08-15):
1538# According to an article dated today in the Kyrgyzstan Development Gateway
1539# <http://eng.gateway.kg/cgi-bin/page.pl?id=1&story_name=doc9979.shtml>
1540# Kyrgyzstan is canceling the daylight saving time system. I take the article
1541# to mean that they will leave their clocks at 6 hours ahead of UTC.
1542# From Malik Abdugaliev (2005-09-21):
1543# Our government cancels daylight saving time 6th of August 2005.
1544# From 2005-08-12 our GMT-offset is +6, w/o any daylight saving.
1545
1546# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1547Rule Kyrgyz 1992 1996 - Apr Sun>=7 0:00s 1:00 S
1548Rule Kyrgyz 1992 1996 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 -
1549Rule Kyrgyz 1997 2005 - Mar lastSun 2:30 1:00 S
1550Rule Kyrgyz 1997 2004 - Oct lastSun 2:30 0 -
1551# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1552Zone Asia/Bishkek 4:58:24 - LMT 1924 May 2
1553 5:00 - FRUT 1930 Jun 21 # Frunze Time
1554 6:00 RussiaAsia FRU%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
1555 5:00 1:00 FRUST 1991 Aug 31 2:00 # independence
1556 5:00 Kyrgyz KG%sT 2005 Aug 12 # Kyrgyzstan Time
1557 6:00 - KGT
1558
1559###############################################################################
1560
1561# Korea (North and South)
1562
1563# From Annie I. Bang (2006-07-10) in
1564# <http://www.koreaherald.co.kr/SITE/data/html_dir/2006/07/10/200607100012.asp>:
1565# The Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Energy has already
1566# commissioned a research project [to reintroduce DST] and has said
1567# the system may begin as early as 2008.... Korea ran a daylight
1568# saving program from 1949-61 but stopped it during the 1950-53 Korean War.
1569
1570# From Shanks & Pottenger:
1571# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1572Rule ROK 1960 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 D
1573Rule ROK 1960 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S
1574Rule ROK 1987 1988 - May Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 D
1575Rule ROK 1987 1988 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
1576
1577# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1578Zone Asia/Seoul 8:27:52 - LMT 1890
1579 8:30 - KST 1904 Dec
1580 9:00 - KST 1928
1581 8:30 - KST 1932
1582 9:00 - KST 1954 Mar 21
1583 8:00 ROK K%sT 1961 Aug 10
1584 8:30 - KST 1968 Oct
1585 9:00 ROK K%sT
1586Zone Asia/Pyongyang 8:23:00 - LMT 1890
1587 8:30 - KST 1904 Dec
1588 9:00 - KST 1928
1589 8:30 - KST 1932
1590 9:00 - KST 1954 Mar 21
1591 8:00 - KST 1961 Aug 10
1592 9:00 - KST
1593
1594###############################################################################
1595
1596# Kuwait
1597# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1598# From the Arab Times (2007-03-14):
1599# The Civil Service Commission (CSC) has approved a proposal forwarded
1600# by MP Ahmad Baqer on implementing the daylight saving time (DST) in
1601# Kuwait starting from April until the end of Sept this year, reports Al-Anba.
1602# <http://www.arabtimesonline.com/arabtimes/kuwait/Viewdet.asp?ID=9950>.
1603# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-29):
1604# We don't know the details, or whether the approval means it'll happen,
1605# so for now we assume no DST.
1606Zone Asia/Kuwait 3:11:56 - LMT 1950
1607 3:00 - AST
1608
1609# Laos
1610# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1611Zone Asia/Vientiane 6:50:24 - LMT 1906 Jun 9 # or Viangchan
1612 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT?
1613 7:00 - ICT 1912 May
1614 8:00 - ICT 1931 May
1615 7:00 - ICT
1616
1617# Lebanon
1618# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1619Rule Lebanon 1920 only - Mar 28 0:00 1:00 S
1620Rule Lebanon 1920 only - Oct 25 0:00 0 -
1621Rule Lebanon 1921 only - Apr 3 0:00 1:00 S
1622Rule Lebanon 1921 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 -
1623Rule Lebanon 1922 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S
1624Rule Lebanon 1922 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 -
1625Rule Lebanon 1923 only - Apr 22 0:00 1:00 S
1626Rule Lebanon 1923 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 -
1627Rule Lebanon 1957 1961 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
1628Rule Lebanon 1957 1961 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
1629Rule Lebanon 1972 only - Jun 22 0:00 1:00 S
1630Rule Lebanon 1972 1977 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
1631Rule Lebanon 1973 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
1632Rule Lebanon 1978 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S
1633Rule Lebanon 1978 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 -
1634Rule Lebanon 1984 1987 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
1635Rule Lebanon 1984 1991 - Oct 16 0:00 0 -
1636Rule Lebanon 1988 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S
1637Rule Lebanon 1989 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S
1638Rule Lebanon 1990 1992 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
1639Rule Lebanon 1992 only - Oct 4 0:00 0 -
1640Rule Lebanon 1993 max - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
1641Rule Lebanon 1993 1998 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 -
1642Rule Lebanon 1999 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 -
1643# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1644Zone Asia/Beirut 2:22:00 - LMT 1880
1645 2:00 Lebanon EE%sT
1646
1647# Malaysia
1648# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1649Rule NBorneo 1935 1941 - Sep 14 0:00 0:20 TS # one-Third Summer
1650Rule NBorneo 1935 1941 - Dec 14 0:00 0 -
1651#
1652# peninsular Malaysia
1653# The data here are taken from Mok Ly Yng (2003-10-30)
1654# <http://www.math.nus.edu.sg/aslaksen/teaching/timezone.html>.
1655# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1656Zone Asia/Kuala_Lumpur 6:46:46 - LMT 1901 Jan 1
1657 6:55:25 - SMT 1905 Jun 1 # Singapore M.T.
1658 7:00 - MALT 1933 Jan 1 # Malaya Time
1659 7:00 0:20 MALST 1936 Jan 1
1660 7:20 - MALT 1941 Sep 1
1661 7:30 - MALT 1942 Feb 16
1662 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 12
1663 7:30 - MALT 1982 Jan 1
1664 8:00 - MYT # Malaysia Time
1665# Sabah & Sarawak
1666# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1667# The data here are mostly from Shanks & Pottenger, but the 1942, 1945 and 1982
1668# transition dates are from Mok Ly Yng.
1669# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1670Zone Asia/Kuching 7:21:20 - LMT 1926 Mar
1671 7:30 - BORT 1933 # Borneo Time
1672 8:00 NBorneo BOR%sT 1942 Feb 16
1673 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 12
1674 8:00 - BORT 1982 Jan 1
1675 8:00 - MYT
1676
1677# Maldives
1678# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1679Zone Indian/Maldives 4:54:00 - LMT 1880 # Male
1680 4:54:00 - MMT 1960 # Male Mean Time
1681 5:00 - MVT # Maldives Time
1682
1683# Mongolia
1684
1685# Shanks & Pottenger say that Mongolia has three time zones, but
1686# usno1995 and the CIA map Standard Time Zones of the World (2005-03)
1687# both say that it has just one.
1688
1689# From Oscar van Vlijmen (1999-12-11):
1690# <a href="http://www.mongoliatourism.gov.mn/general.htm">
1691# General Information Mongolia
1692# </a> (1999-09)
1693# "Time: Mongolia has two time zones. Three westernmost provinces of
1694# Bayan-Ulgii, Uvs, and Hovd are one hour earlier than the capital city, and
1695# the rest of the country follows the Ulaanbaatar time, which is UTC/GMT plus
1696# eight hours."
1697
1698# From Rives McDow (1999-12-13):
1699# Mongolia discontinued the use of daylight savings time in 1999; 1998
1700# being the last year it was implemented. The dates of implementation I am
1701# unsure of, but most probably it was similar to Russia, except for the time
1702# of implementation may have been different....
1703# Some maps in the past have indicated that there was an additional time
1704# zone in the eastern part of Mongolia, including the provinces of Dornod,
1705# Suhbaatar, and possibly Khentij.
1706
1707# From Paul Eggert (1999-12-15):
1708# Naming and spelling is tricky in Mongolia.
1709# We'll use Hovd (also spelled Chovd and Khovd) to represent the west zone;
1710# the capital of the Hovd province is sometimes called Hovd, sometimes Dund-Us,
1711# and sometimes Jirgalanta (with variant spellings), but the name Hovd
1712# is good enough for our purposes.
1713
1714# From Rives McDow (2001-05-13):
1715# In addition to Mongolia starting daylight savings as reported earlier
1716# (adopted DST on 2001-04-27 02:00 local time, ending 2001-09-28),
1717# there are three time zones.
1718#
1719# Provinces [at 7:00]: Bayan-ulgii, Uvs, Khovd, Zavkhan, Govi-Altai
1720# Provinces [at 8:00]: Khovsgol, Bulgan, Arkhangai, Khentii, Tov,
1721# Bayankhongor, Ovorkhangai, Dundgovi, Dornogovi, Omnogovi
1722# Provinces [at 9:00]: Dornod, Sukhbaatar
1723#
1724# [The province of Selenge is omitted from the above lists.]
1725
1726# From Ganbold Ts., Ulaanbaatar (2004-04-17):
1727# Daylight saving occurs at 02:00 local time last Saturday of March.
1728# It will change back to normal at 02:00 local time last Saturday of
1729# September.... As I remember this rule was changed in 2001.
1730#
1731# From Paul Eggert (2004-04-17):
1732# For now, assume Rives McDow's informant got confused about Friday vs
1733# Saturday, and that his 2001 dates should have 1 added to them.
1734
1735# From Paul Eggert (2005-07-26):
1736# We have wildly conflicting information about Mongolia's time zones.
1737# Bill Bonnet (2005-05-19) reports that the US Embassy in Ulaanbaatar says
1738# there is only one time zone and that DST is observed, citing Microsoft
1739# Windows XP as the source. Risto Nykanen (2005-05-16) reports that
1740# travelmongolia.org says there are two time zones (UTC+7, UTC+8) with no DST.
1741# Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-05-20) reports that the Mongolian Embassy in
1742# Washington, DC says there are two time zones, with DST observed.
1743# He also found
1744# <http://ubpost.mongolnews.mn/index.php?subaction=showcomments&id=1111634894&archive=&start_from=&ucat=1&>
1745# which also says that there is DST, and which has a comment by "Toddius"
1746# (2005-03-31 06:05 +0700) saying "Mongolia actually has 3.5 time zones.
1747# The West (OLGII) is +7 GMT, most of the country is ULAT is +8 GMT
1748# and some Eastern provinces are +9 GMT but Sukhbaatar Aimag is SUHK +8.5 GMT.
1749# The SUKH timezone is new this year, it is one of the few things the
1750# parliament passed during the tumultuous winter session."
1751# For now, let's ignore this information, until we have more confirmation.
1752
1753# From Ganbold Ts. (2007-02-26):
1754# Parliament of Mongolia has just changed the daylight-saving rule in February.
1755# They decided not to adopt daylight-saving time....
1756# http://www.mongolnews.mn/index.php?module=unuudur&sec=view&id=15742
1757
1758# From Deborah Goldsmith (2008-03-30):
1759# We received a bug report claiming that the tz database UTC offset for
1760# Asia/Choibalsan (GMT+09:00) is incorrect, and that it should be GMT
1761# +08:00 instead. Different sources appear to disagree with the tz
1762# database on this, e.g.:
1763#
1764# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/city.html?n=1026">
1765# http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/city.html?n=1026
1766# </a>
1767# <a href="http://www.worldtimeserver.com/current_time_in_MN.aspx">
1768# http://www.worldtimeserver.com/current_time_in_MN.aspx
1769# </a>
1770#
1771# both say GMT+08:00.
1772
1773# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-03-31):
1774# eznis airways, which operates several domestic flights, has a flight
1775# schedule here:
1776# <a href="http://www.eznis.com/Container.jsp?id=112">
1777# http://www.eznis.com/Container.jsp?id=112
1778# </a>
1779# (click the English flag for English)
1780#
1781# There it appears that flights between Choibalsan and Ulaanbatar arrive
1782# about 1:35 - 1:50 hours later in local clock time, no matter the
1783# direction, while Ulaanbaatar-Khvod takes 2 hours in the Eastern
1784# direction and 3:35 back, which indicates that Ulaanbatar and Khvod are
1785# in different time zones (like we know about), while Choibalsan and
1786# Ulaanbatar are in the same time zone (correction needed).
1787
1788# From Arthur David Olson (2008-05-19):
1789# Assume that Choibalsan is indeed offset by 8:00.
1790# XXX--in the absence of better information, assume that transition
1791# was at the start of 2008-03-31 (the day of Steffen Thorsen's report);
1792# this is almost surely wrong.
1793
1794# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1795Rule Mongol 1983 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
1796Rule Mongol 1983 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
1797# Shanks & Pottenger and IATA SSIM say 1990s switches occurred at 00:00,
1798# but McDow says the 2001 switches occurred at 02:00. Also, IATA SSIM
1799# (1996-09) says 1996-10-25. Go with Shanks & Pottenger through 1998.
1800#
1801# Shanks & Pottenger say that the Sept. 1984 through Sept. 1990 switches
1802# in Choibalsan (more precisely, in Dornod and Sukhbaatar) took place
1803# at 02:00 standard time, not at 00:00 local time as in the rest of
1804# the country. That would be odd, and possibly is a result of their
1805# correction of 02:00 (in the previous edition) not being done correctly
1806# in the latest edition; so ignore it for now.
1807
1808Rule Mongol 1985 1998 - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
1809Rule Mongol 1984 1998 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 -
1810# IATA SSIM (1999-09) says Mongolia no longer observes DST.
1811Rule Mongol 2001 only - Apr lastSat 2:00 1:00 S
1812Rule Mongol 2001 2006 - Sep lastSat 2:00 0 -
1813Rule Mongol 2002 2006 - Mar lastSat 2:00 1:00 S
1814
1815# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1816# Hovd, a.k.a. Chovd, Dund-Us, Dzhargalant, Khovd, Jirgalanta
1817Zone Asia/Hovd 6:06:36 - LMT 1905 Aug
1818 6:00 - HOVT 1978 # Hovd Time
1819 7:00 Mongol HOV%sT
1820# Ulaanbaatar, a.k.a. Ulan Bataar, Ulan Bator, Urga
1821Zone Asia/Ulaanbaatar 7:07:32 - LMT 1905 Aug
1822 7:00 - ULAT 1978 # Ulaanbaatar Time
1823 8:00 Mongol ULA%sT
1824# Choibalsan, a.k.a. Bajan Tuemen, Bajan Tumen, Chojbalsan,
1825# Choybalsan, Sanbejse, Tchoibalsan
1826Zone Asia/Choibalsan 7:38:00 - LMT 1905 Aug
1827 7:00 - ULAT 1978
1828 8:00 - ULAT 1983 Apr
1829 9:00 Mongol CHO%sT 2008 Mar 31 # Choibalsan Time
1830 8:00 Mongol CHO%sT
1831
1832# Nepal
1833# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1834Zone Asia/Kathmandu 5:41:16 - LMT 1920
1835 5:30 - IST 1986
1836 5:45 - NPT # Nepal Time
1837
1838# Oman
1839
1840# Milne says 3:54:24 was the meridian of the Muscat Tidal Observatory.
1841
1842# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1843Zone Asia/Muscat 3:54:24 - LMT 1920
1844 4:00 - GST
1845
1846# Pakistan
1847
1848# From Rives McDow (2002-03-13):
1849# I have been advised that Pakistan has decided to adopt dst on a
1850# TRIAL basis for one year, starting 00:01 local time on April 7, 2002
1851# and ending at 00:01 local time October 6, 2002. This is what I was
1852# told, but I believe that the actual time of change may be 00:00; the
1853# 00:01 was to make it clear which day it was on.
1854
1855# From Paul Eggert (2002-03-15):
1856# Jesper Norgaard found this URL:
1857# http://www.pak.gov.pk/public/news/app/app06_dec.htm
1858# (dated 2001-12-06) which says that the Cabinet adopted a scheme "to
1859# advance the clocks by one hour on the night between the first
1860# Saturday and Sunday of April and revert to the original position on
1861# 15th October each year". This agrees with McDow's 04-07 at 00:00,
1862# but disagrees about the October transition, and makes it sound like
1863# it's not on a trial basis. Also, the "between the first Saturday
1864# and Sunday of April" phrase, if taken literally, means that the
1865# transition takes place at 00:00 on the first Sunday on or after 04-02.
1866
1867# From Paul Eggert (2003-02-09):
1868# DAWN <http://www.dawn.com/2002/10/06/top13.htm> reported on 2002-10-05
1869# that 2002 DST ended that day at midnight. Go with McDow for now.
1870
1871# From Steffen Thorsen (2003-03-14):
1872# According to http://www.dawn.com/2003/03/07/top15.htm
1873# there will be no DST in Pakistan this year:
1874#
1875# ISLAMABAD, March 6: Information and Media Development Minister Sheikh
1876# Rashid Ahmed on Thursday said the cabinet had reversed a previous
1877# decision to advance clocks by one hour in summer and put them back by
1878# one hour in winter with the aim of saving light hours and energy.
1879#
1880# The minister told a news conference that the experiment had rather
1881# shown 8 per cent higher consumption of electricity.
1882
1883# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-15):
1884#
1885# Here is an article that Pakistan plan to introduce Daylight Saving Time
1886# on June 1, 2008 for 3 months.
1887#
1888# "... The federal cabinet on Wednesday announced a new conservation plan to help
1889# reduce load shedding by approving the closure of commercial centres at 9pm and
1890# moving clocks forward by one hour for the next three months.
1891# ...."
1892#
1893# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.net/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan01.html">
1894# http://www.worldtimezone.net/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan01.html
1895# </a>
1896# OR
1897# <a href="http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2008%5C05%5C15%5Cstory_15-5-2008_pg1_4">
1898# http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2008%5C05%5C15%5Cstory_15-5-2008_pg1_4
1899# </a>
1900
1901# From Arthur David Olson (2008-05-19):
1902# XXX--midnight transitions is a guess; 2008 only is a guess.
1903
1904# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2008-08-28):
1905# Pakistan government has decided to keep the watches one-hour advanced
1906# for another 2 months--plan to return to Standard Time on October 31
1907# instead of August 31.
1908#
1909# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan02.html">
1910# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan02.html
1911# </a>
1912# OR
1913# <a href="http://dailymailnews.com/200808/28/news/dmbrn03.html">
1914# http://dailymailnews.com/200808/28/news/dmbrn03.html
1915# </a>
1916
1917# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-04-08):
1918# Based on previous media reports that "... proposed plan to
1919# advance clocks by one hour from May 1 will cause disturbance
1920# to the working schedules rather than bringing discipline in
1921# official working."
1922# <a href="http://www.thenews.com.pk/daily_detail.asp?id=171280">
1923# http://www.thenews.com.pk/daily_detail.asp?id=171280
1924# </a>
1925#
1926# recent news that instead of May 2009 - Pakistan plan to
1927# introduce DST from April 15, 2009
1928#
1929# FYI: Associated Press Of Pakistan
1930# April 08, 2009
1931# Cabinet okays proposal to advance clocks by one hour from April 15
1932# <a href="http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=73043&Itemid=1">
1933# http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=73043&Itemid=1
1934# </a>
1935#
1936# or
1937#
1938# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan05.html">
1939# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan05.html
1940# </a>
1941#
1942# ....
1943# The Federal Cabinet on Wednesday approved the proposal to
1944# advance clocks in the country by one hour from April 15 to
1945# conserve energy"
1946
1947# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-09-17):
1948# "The News International," Pakistan reports that: "The Federal
1949# Government has decided to restore the previous time by moving the
1950# clocks backward by one hour from October 1. A formal announcement to
1951# this effect will be made after the Prime Minister grants approval in
1952# this regard."
1953# <a href="http://www.thenews.com.pk/updates.asp?id=87168">
1954# http://www.thenews.com.pk/updates.asp?id=87168
1955# </a>
1956
1957# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-09-28):
1958# According to Associated Press Of Pakistan, it is confirmed that
1959# Pakistan clocks across the country would be turned back by an hour from October
1960# 1, 2009.
1961#
1962# "Clocks to go back one hour from 1 Oct"
1963# <a href="http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=86715&Itemid=2">
1964# http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=86715&Itemid=2
1965# </a>
1966# or
1967# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan07.htm">
1968# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan07.htm
1969# </a>
1970
1971# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-09-29):
1972# Alexander Krivenyshev wrote:
1973# > According to Associated Press Of Pakistan, it is confirmed that
1974# > Pakistan clocks across the country would be turned back by an hour from October
1975# > 1, 2009.
1976#
1977# Now they seem to have changed their mind, November 1 is the new date:
1978# <a href="http://www.thenews.com.pk/top_story_detail.asp?Id=24742">
1979# http://www.thenews.com.pk/top_story_detail.asp?Id=24742
1980# </a>
1981# "The country's clocks will be reversed by one hour on November 1.
1982# Officials of Federal Ministry for Interior told this to Geo News on
1983# Monday."
1984#
1985# And more importantly, it seems that these dates will be kept every year:
1986# "It has now been decided that clocks will be wound forward by one hour
1987# on April 15 and reversed by an hour on November 1 every year without
1988# obtaining prior approval, the officials added."
1989#
1990# We have confirmed this year's end date with both with the Ministry of
1991# Water and Power and the Pakistan Electric Power Company:
1992# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/pakistan-ends-dst09.html">
1993# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/pakistan-ends-dst09.html
1994# </a>
1995
1996# From Christoph Goehre (2009-10-01):
1997# [T]he German Consulate General in Karachi reported me today that Pakistan
1998# will go back to standard time on 1st of November.
1999
2000# From Steffen Thorsen (2010-03-26):
2001# Steffen Thorsen wrote:
2002# > On Thursday (2010-03-25) it was announced that DST would start in
2003# > Pakistan on 2010-04-01.
2004# >
2005# > Then today, the president said that they might have to revert the
2006# > decision if it is not supported by the parliament. So at the time
2007# > being, it seems unclear if DST will be actually observed or not - but
2008# > April 1 could be a more likely date than April 15.
2009# Now, it seems that the decision to not observe DST in final:
2010#
2011# "Govt Withdraws Plan To Advance Clocks"
2012# <a href="http://www.apakistannews.com/govt-withdraws-plan-to-advance-clocks-172041">
2013# http://www.apakistannews.com/govt-withdraws-plan-to-advance-clocks-172041
2014# </a>
2015#
2016# "People laud PM's announcement to end DST"
2017# <a href="http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=99374&Itemid=2">
2018# http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=99374&Itemid=2
2019# </a>
2020
2021# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2022Rule Pakistan 2002 only - Apr Sun>=2 0:01 1:00 S
2023Rule Pakistan 2002 only - Oct Sun>=2 0:01 0 -
2024Rule Pakistan 2008 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S
2025Rule Pakistan 2008 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 -
2026Rule Pakistan 2009 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 S
2027Rule Pakistan 2009 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 -
2028
2029# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2030Zone Asia/Karachi 4:28:12 - LMT 1907
2031 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep
2032 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 15
2033 5:30 - IST 1951 Sep 30
2034 5:00 - KART 1971 Mar 26 # Karachi Time
2035 5:00 Pakistan PK%sT # Pakistan Time
2036
2037# Palestine
2038
2039# From Amos Shapir (1998-02-15):
2040#
2041# From 1917 until 1948-05-15, all of Palestine, including the parts now
2042# known as the Gaza Strip and the West Bank, was under British rule.
2043# Therefore the rules given for Israel for that period, apply there too...
2044#
2045# The Gaza Strip was under Egyptian rule between 1948-05-15 until 1967-06-05
2046# (except a short occupation by Israel from 1956-11 till 1957-03, but no
2047# time zone was affected then). It was never formally annexed to Egypt,
2048# though.
2049#
2050# The rest of Palestine was under Jordanian rule at that time, formally
2051# annexed in 1950 as the West Bank (and the word "Trans" was dropped from
2052# the country's previous name of "the Hashemite Kingdom of the
2053# Trans-Jordan"). So the rules for Jordan for that time apply. Major
2054# towns in that area are Nablus (Shchem), El-Halil (Hebron), Ramallah, and
2055# East Jerusalem.
2056#
2057# Both areas were occupied by Israel in June 1967, but not annexed (except
2058# for East Jerusalem). They were on Israel time since then; there might
2059# have been a Military Governor's order about time zones, but I'm not aware
2060# of any (such orders may have been issued semi-annually whenever summer
2061# time was in effect, but maybe the legal aspect of time was just neglected).
2062#
2063# The Palestinian Authority was established in 1993, and got hold of most
2064# towns in the West Bank and Gaza by 1995. I know that in order to
2065# demonstrate...independence, they have been switching to
2066# summer time and back on a different schedule than Israel's, but I don't
2067# know when this was started, or what algorithm is used (most likely the
2068# Jordanian one).
2069#
2070# To summarize, the table should probably look something like that:
2071#
2072# Area \ when | 1918-1947 | 1948-1967 | 1967-1995 | 1996-
2073# ------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------
2074# Israel | Zion | Zion | Zion | Zion
2075# West bank | Zion | Jordan | Zion | Jordan
2076# Gaza | Zion | Egypt | Zion | Jordan
2077#
2078# I guess more info may be available from the PA's web page (if/when they
2079# have one).
2080
2081# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
2082# Shanks & Pottenger write that Gaza did not observe DST until 1957, but go
2083# with Shapir and assume that it observed DST from 1940 through 1947,
2084# and that it used Jordanian rules starting in 1996.
2085# We don't yet need a separate entry for the West Bank, since
2086# the only differences between it and Gaza that we know about
2087# occurred before our cutoff date of 1970.
2088# However, as we get more information, we may need to add entries
2089# for parts of the West Bank as they transitioned from Israel's rules
2090# to Palestine's rules.
2091
2092# From IINS News Service - Israel - 1998-03-23 10:38:07 Israel time,
2093# forwarded by Ephraim Silverberg:
2094#
2095# Despite the fact that Israel changed over to daylight savings time
2096# last week, the PLO Authority (PA) has decided not to turn its clocks
2097# one-hour forward at this time. As a sign of independence from Israeli rule,
2098# the PA has decided to implement DST in April.
2099
2100# From Paul Eggert (1999-09-20):
2101# Daoud Kuttab writes in
2102# <a href="http://www.jpost.com/com/Archive/22.Apr.1999/Opinion/Article-2.html">
2103# Holiday havoc
2104# </a> (Jerusalem Post, 1999-04-22) that
2105# the Palestinian National Authority changed to DST on 1999-04-15.
2106# I vaguely recall that they switch back in October (sorry, forgot the source).
2107# For now, let's assume that the spring switch was at 24:00,
2108# and that they switch at 0:00 on the 3rd Fridays of April and October.
2109
2110# From Paul Eggert (2005-11-22):
2111# Starting 2004 transitions are from Steffen Thorsen's web site timeanddate.com.
2112
2113# From Steffen Thorsen (2005-11-23):
2114# A user from Gaza reported that Gaza made the change early because of
2115# the Ramadan. Next year Ramadan will be even earlier, so I think
2116# there is a good chance next year's end date will be around two weeks
2117# earlier--the same goes for Jordan.
2118
2119# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-08-17):
2120# I was informed by a user in Bethlehem that in Bethlehem it started the
2121# same day as Israel, and after checking with other users in the area, I
2122# was informed that they started DST one day after Israel. I was not
2123# able to find any authoritative sources at the time, nor details if
2124# Gaza changed as well, but presumed Gaza to follow the same rules as
2125# the West Bank.
2126
2127# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-09-26):
2128# according to the Palestine News Network (2006-09-19):
2129# http://english.pnn.ps/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=596&Itemid=5
2130# > The Council of Ministers announced that this year its winter schedule
2131# > will begin early, as of midnight Thursday. It is also time to turn
2132# > back the clocks for winter. Friday will begin an hour late this week.
2133# I guess it is likely that next year's date will be moved as well,
2134# because of the Ramadan.
2135
2136# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2007-09-18):
2137# According to Steffen Thorsen's web site the Gaza Strip and the rest of the
2138# Palestinian territories left DST early on 13.th. of September at 2:00.
2139
2140# From Paul Eggert (2007-09-20):
2141# My understanding is that Gaza and the West Bank disagree even over when
2142# the weekend is (Thursday+Friday versus Friday+Saturday), so I'd be a bit
2143# surprised if they agreed about DST. But for now, assume they agree.
2144# For lack of better information, predict that future changes will be
2145# the 2nd Thursday of September at 02:00.
2146
2147# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2008-08-28):
2148# Here is an article, that Mideast running on different clocks at Ramadan.
2149#
2150# Gaza Strip (as Egypt) ended DST at midnight Thursday (Aug 28, 2008), while
2151# the West Bank will end Daylight Saving Time at midnight Sunday (Aug 31, 2008).
2152#
2153# <a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/feedarticle/7759001">
2154# http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/feedarticle/7759001
2155# </a>
2156# <a href="http://www.abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory?id=5676087">
2157# http://www.abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory?id=5676087
2158# </a>
2159# or
2160# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip01.html">
2161# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip01.html
2162# </a>
2163
2164# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-26):
2165# According to the Palestine News Network (arabic.pnn.ps), Palestinian
2166# government decided to start Daylight Time on Thursday night March
2167# 26 and continue until the night of 27 September 2009.
2168#
2169# (in Arabic)
2170# <a href="http://arabic.pnn.ps/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=50850">
2171# http://arabic.pnn.ps/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=50850
2172# </a>
2173#
2174# or
2175# (English translation)
2176# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_westbank01.html">
2177# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_westbank01.html
2178# </a>
2179
2180# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-08-31):
2181# Palestine's Council of Ministers announced that they will revert back to
2182# winter time on Friday, 2009-09-04.
2183#
2184# One news source:
2185# <a href="http://www.safa.ps/ara/?action=showdetail&seid=4158">
2186# http://www.safa.ps/ara/?action=showdetail&seid=4158
2187# </a>
2188# (Palestinian press agency, Arabic),
2189# Google translate: "Decided that the Palestinian government in Ramallah
2190# headed by Salam Fayyad, the start of work in time for the winter of
2191# 2009, starting on Friday approved the fourth delay Sept. clock sixty
2192# minutes per hour as of Friday morning."
2193#
2194# We are not sure if Gaza will do the same, last year they had a different
2195# end date, we will keep this page updated:
2196# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/westbank-gaza-dst-2009.html">
2197# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/westbank-gaza-dst-2009.html
2198# </a>
2199
2200# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-09-02):
2201# Seems that Gaza Strip will go back to Winter Time same date as West Bank.
2202#
2203# According to Palestinian Ministry Of Interior, West Bank and Gaza Strip plan
2204# to change time back to Standard time on September 4, 2009.
2205#
2206# "Winter time unite the West Bank and Gaza"
2207# (from Palestinian National Authority):
2208# <a href="http://www.moi.gov.ps/en/?page=633167343250594025&nid=11505
2209# http://www.moi.gov.ps/en/?page=633167343250594025&nid=11505
2210# </a>
2211# or
2212# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip02.html>
2213# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip02.html
2214# </a>
2215
2216# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-03-19):
2217# According to Voice of Palestine DST will last for 191 days, from March
2218# 26, 2010 till "the last Sunday before the tenth day of Tishri
2219# (October), each year" (October 03, 2010?)
2220#
2221# <a href="http://palvoice.org/forums/showthread.php?t=245697">
2222# http://palvoice.org/forums/showthread.php?t=245697
2223# </a>
2224# (in Arabic)
2225# or
2226# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_westbank03.html">
2227# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_westbank03.html
2228# </a>
2229
2230# From Steffen Thorsen (2010-03-24):
2231# ...Ma'an News Agency reports that Hamas cabinet has decided it will
2232# start one day later, at 12:01am. Not sure if they really mean 12:01am or
2233# noon though:
2234#
2235# <a href="http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=271178">
2236# http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=271178
2237# </a>
2238# (Ma'an News Agency)
2239# "At 12:01am Friday, clocks in Israel and the West Bank will change to
2240# 1:01am, while Gaza clocks will change at 12:01am Saturday morning."
2241
2242# From Steffen Thorsen (2010-08-11):
2243# According to several sources, including
2244# <a href="http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=306795">
2245# http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=306795
2246# </a>
2247# the clocks were set back one hour at 2010-08-11 00:00:00 local time in
2248# Gaza and the West Bank.
2249# Some more background info:
2250# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/westbank-gaza-end-dst-2010.html">
2251# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/westbank-gaza-end-dst-2010.html
2252# </a>
2253
2254# From Steffen Thorsen (2011-08-26):
2255# Gaza and the West Bank did go back to standard time in the beginning of
2256# August, and will now enter daylight saving time again on 2011-08-30
2257# 00:00 (so two periods of DST in 2011). The pause was because of
2258# Ramadan.
2259#
2260# <a href="http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=416217">
2261# http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=416217
2262# </a>
2263# Additional info:
2264# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/palestine-dst-2011.html">
2265# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/palestine-dst-2011.html
2266# </a>
2267
2268# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2011-08-27):
2269# According to the article in The Jerusalem Post:
2270# "...Earlier this month, the Palestinian government in the West Bank decided to
2271# move to standard time for 30 days, during Ramadan. The Palestinians in the
2272# Gaza Strip accepted the change and also moved their clocks one hour back.
2273# The Hamas government said on Saturday that it won't observe summertime after
2274# the Muslim feast of Id al-Fitr, which begins on Tuesday..."
2275# ...
2276# <a href="http://www.jpost.com/MiddleEast/Article.aspx?id=235650">
2277# http://www.jpost.com/MiddleEast/Article.aspx?id=235650
2278# </a>
2279# or
2280# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip05.html">
2281# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip05.html
2282# </a>
2283# The rules for Egypt are stolen from the `africa' file.
2284
2285# From Steffen Thorsen (2011-09-30):
2286# West Bank did end Daylight Saving Time this morning/midnight (2011-09-30
2287# 00:00).
2288# So West Bank and Gaza now have the same time again.
2289#
2290# Many sources, including:
2291# <a href="http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=424808">
2292# http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=424808
2293# </a>
2294
2295# From Steffen Thorsen (2012-03-26):
2296# Palestinian news sources tell that both Gaza and West Bank will start DST
2297# on Friday (Thursday midnight, 2012-03-29 24:00).
2298# Some of many sources in Arabic:
2299# <a href="http://www.samanews.com/index.php?act=Show&id=122638">
2300# http://www.samanews.com/index.php?act=Show&id=122638
2301# </a>
2302#
2303# <a href="http://safa.ps/details/news/74352/%D8%A8%D8%AF%D8%A1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%8A%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B6%D9%81%D8%A9-%D9%88%D8%BA%D8%B2%D8%A9-%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A9.html">
2304# http://safa.ps/details/news/74352/%D8%A8%D8%AF%D8%A1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%8A%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B6%D9%81%D8%A9-%D9%88%D8%BA%D8%B2%D8%A9-%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A9.html
2305# </a>
2306#
2307# Our brief summary:
2308# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/gaza-west-bank-dst-2012.html">
2309# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/gaza-west-bank-dst-2012.html
2310# </a>
2311
2312# From Steffen Thorsen (2013-03-26):
2313# The following news sources tells that Palestine will "start daylight saving
2314# time from midnight on Friday, March 29, 2013" (translated).
2315# [These are in Arabic and are for Gaza and for Ramallah, respectively.]
2316# http://www.samanews.com/index.php?act=Show&id=154120
2317# http://safa.ps/details/news/99844/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%87-%D8%A8%D8%AF%D8%A1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%8A%D9%81%D9%8A-29-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A.html
2318
2319# From Steffen Thorsen (2013-09-24):
2320# The Gaza and West Bank are ending DST Thursday at midnight
2321# (2013-09-27 00:00:00) (one hour earlier than last year...).
2322# This source in English, says "that winter time will go into effect
2323# at midnight on Thursday in the West Bank and Gaza Strip":
2324# http://english.wafa.ps/index.php?action=detail&id=23246
2325# official source...:
2326# http://www.palestinecabinet.gov.ps/ar/Views/ViewDetails.aspx?pid=1252
2327
2328# From Paul Eggert (2013-09-24):
2329# For future dates, guess the last Thursday in March at 24:00 through
2330# the first Friday on or after September 21 at 00:00. This is consistent with
2331# the predictions in today's editions of the following URLs,
2332# which are for Gaza and Hebron respectively:
2333# http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/timezone.html?n=702
2334# http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/timezone.html?n=2364
2335
2336# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2337Rule EgyptAsia 1957 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S
2338Rule EgyptAsia 1957 1958 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
2339Rule EgyptAsia 1958 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
2340Rule EgyptAsia 1959 1967 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S
2341Rule EgyptAsia 1959 1965 - Sep 30 3:00 0 -
2342Rule EgyptAsia 1966 only - Oct 1 3:00 0 -
2343
2344Rule Palestine 1999 2005 - Apr Fri>=15 0:00 1:00 S
2345Rule Palestine 1999 2003 - Oct Fri>=15 0:00 0 -
2346Rule Palestine 2004 only - Oct 1 1:00 0 -
2347Rule Palestine 2005 only - Oct 4 2:00 0 -
2348Rule Palestine 2006 2007 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
2349Rule Palestine 2006 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 -
2350Rule Palestine 2007 only - Sep Thu>=8 2:00 0 -
2351Rule Palestine 2008 2009 - Mar lastFri 0:00 1:00 S
2352Rule Palestine 2008 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 -
2353Rule Palestine 2009 only - Sep Fri>=1 1:00 0 -
2354Rule Palestine 2010 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S
2355Rule Palestine 2010 only - Aug 11 0:00 0 -
2356Rule Palestine 2011 only - Apr 1 0:01 1:00 S
2357Rule Palestine 2011 only - Aug 1 0:00 0 -
2358Rule Palestine 2011 only - Aug 30 0:00 1:00 S
2359Rule Palestine 2011 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 -
2360Rule Palestine 2012 max - Mar lastThu 24:00 1:00 S
2361Rule Palestine 2012 only - Sep 21 1:00 0 -
2362Rule Palestine 2013 max - Sep Fri>=21 0:00 0 -
2363
2364# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2365Zone Asia/Gaza 2:17:52 - LMT 1900 Oct
2366 2:00 Zion EET 1948 May 15
2367 2:00 EgyptAsia EE%sT 1967 Jun 5
2368 2:00 Zion I%sT 1996
2369 2:00 Jordan EE%sT 1999
2370 2:00 Palestine EE%sT 2008 Aug 29 0:00
2371 2:00 - EET 2008 Sep
2372 2:00 Palestine EE%sT 2010
2373 2:00 - EET 2010 Mar 27 0:01
2374 2:00 Palestine EE%sT 2011 Aug 1
2375 2:00 - EET 2012
2376 2:00 Palestine EE%sT
2377
2378Zone Asia/Hebron 2:20:23 - LMT 1900 Oct
2379 2:00 Zion EET 1948 May 15
2380 2:00 EgyptAsia EE%sT 1967 Jun 5
2381 2:00 Zion I%sT 1996
2382 2:00 Jordan EE%sT 1999
2383 2:00 Palestine EE%sT
2384
2385# Paracel Is
2386# no information
2387
2388# Philippines
2389# On 1844-08-16, Narciso Claveria, governor-general of the
2390# Philippines, issued a proclamation announcing that 1844-12-30 was to
2391# be immediately followed by 1845-01-01. Robert H. van Gent has a
2392# transcript of the decree in <http://www.phys.uu.nl/~vgent/idl/idl.htm>.
2393# The rest of the data are from Shanks & Pottenger.
2394
2395# From Paul Eggert (2006-04-25):
2396# Tomorrow's Manila Standard reports that the Philippines Department of
2397# Trade and Industry is considering adopting DST this June when the
2398# rainy season begins. See
2399# <http://www.manilastandardtoday.com/?page=politics02_april26_2006>.
2400# For now, we'll ignore this, since it's not definite and we lack details.
2401#
2402# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-04-26):
2403# ... claims that Philippines had DST last time in 1990:
2404# http://story.philippinetimes.com/p.x/ct/9/id/145be20cc6b121c0/cid/3e5bbccc730d258c/
2405# [a story dated 2006-04-25 by Cris Larano of Dow Jones Newswires,
2406# but no details]
2407
2408# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2409Rule Phil 1936 only - Nov 1 0:00 1:00 S
2410Rule Phil 1937 only - Feb 1 0:00 0 -
2411Rule Phil 1954 only - Apr 12 0:00 1:00 S
2412Rule Phil 1954 only - Jul 1 0:00 0 -
2413Rule Phil 1978 only - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 S
2414Rule Phil 1978 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 -
2415# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2416Zone Asia/Manila -15:56:00 - LMT 1844 Dec 31
2417 8:04:00 - LMT 1899 May 11
2418 8:00 Phil PH%sT 1942 May
2419 9:00 - JST 1944 Nov
2420 8:00 Phil PH%sT
2421
2422# Qatar
2423# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2424Zone Asia/Qatar 3:26:08 - LMT 1920 # Al Dawhah / Doha
2425 4:00 - GST 1972 Jun
2426 3:00 - AST
2427
2428# Saudi Arabia
2429# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2430Zone Asia/Riyadh 3:06:52 - LMT 1950
2431 3:00 - AST
2432
2433# Singapore
2434# The data here are taken from Mok Ly Yng (2003-10-30)
2435# <http://www.math.nus.edu.sg/aslaksen/teaching/timezone.html>.
2436# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2437Zone Asia/Singapore 6:55:25 - LMT 1901 Jan 1
2438 6:55:25 - SMT 1905 Jun 1 # Singapore M.T.
2439 7:00 - MALT 1933 Jan 1 # Malaya Time
2440 7:00 0:20 MALST 1936 Jan 1
2441 7:20 - MALT 1941 Sep 1
2442 7:30 - MALT 1942 Feb 16
2443 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 12
2444 7:30 - MALT 1965 Aug 9 # independence
2445 7:30 - SGT 1982 Jan 1 # Singapore Time
2446 8:00 - SGT
2447
2448# Spratly Is
2449# no information
2450
2451# Sri Lanka
2452
2453# From Paul Eggert (2013-02-21):
2454# Milne says "Madras mean time use from May 1, 1898. Prior to this Colombo
2455# mean time, 5h. 4m. 21.9s. F., was used." But 5:04:21.9 differs considerably
2456# from Colombo's meridian 5:19:24, so for now ignore Milne and stick with
2457# Shanks and Pottenger.
2458
2459# From Paul Eggert (1996-09-03):
2460# "Sri Lanka advances clock by an hour to avoid blackout"
2461# (www.virtual-pc.com/lankaweb/news/items/240596-2.html, 1996-05-24,
2462# no longer available as of 1999-08-17)
2463# reported ``the country's standard time will be put forward by one hour at
2464# midnight Friday (1830 GMT) `in the light of the present power crisis'.''
2465#
2466# From Dharmasiri Senanayake, Sri Lanka Media Minister (1996-10-24), as quoted
2467# by Shamindra in
2468# <a href="news:54rka5$m5h@mtinsc01-mgt.ops.worldnet.att.net">
2469# Daily News - Hot News Section (1996-10-26)
2470# </a>:
2471# With effect from 12.30 a.m. on 26th October 1996
2472# Sri Lanka will be six (06) hours ahead of GMT.
2473
2474# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-04-14), quoting Sri Lanka News Online
2475# <http://news.sinhalaya.com/wmview.php?ArtID=11002> (2006-04-13):
2476# 0030 hrs on April 15, 2006 (midnight of April 14, 2006 +30 minutes)
2477# at present, become 2400 hours of April 14, 2006 (midnight of April 14, 2006).
2478
2479# From Peter Apps and Ranga Sirila of Reuters (2006-04-12) in:
2480# <http://today.reuters.co.uk/news/newsArticle.aspx?type=scienceNews&storyID=2006-04-12T172228Z_01_COL295762_RTRIDST_0_SCIENCE-SRILANKA-TIME-DC.XML>
2481# [The Tamil Tigers] never accepted the original 1996 time change and simply
2482# kept their clocks set five and a half hours ahead of Greenwich Mean
2483# Time (GMT), in line with neighbor India.
2484# From Paul Eggert (2006-04-18):
2485# People who live in regions under Tamil control can use [TZ='Asia/Kolkata'],
2486# as that zone has agreed with the Tamil areas since our cutoff date of 1970.
2487
2488# From K Sethu (2006-04-25):
2489# I think the abbreviation LKT originated from the world of computers at
2490# the time of or subsequent to the time zone changes by SL Government
2491# twice in 1996 and probably SL Government or its standardization
2492# agencies never declared an abbreviation as a national standard.
2493#
2494# I recollect before the recent change the government annoucemments
2495# mentioning it as simply changing Sri Lanka Standard Time or Sri Lanka
2496# Time and no mention was made about the abbreviation.
2497#
2498# If we look at Sri Lanka Department of Government's "Official News
2499# Website of Sri Lanka" ... http://www.news.lk/ we can see that they
2500# use SLT as abbreviation in time stamp at the beginning of each news
2501# item....
2502#
2503# Within Sri Lanka I think LKT is well known among computer users and
2504# adminsitrators. In my opinion SLT may not be a good choice because the
2505# nation's largest telcom / internet operator Sri Lanka Telcom is well
2506# known by that abbreviation - simply as SLT (there IP domains are
2507# slt.lk and sltnet.lk).
2508#
2509# But if indeed our government has adopted SLT as standard abbreviation
2510# (that we have not known so far) then it is better that it be used for
2511# all computers.
2512
2513# From Paul Eggert (2006-04-25):
2514# One possibility is that we wait for a bit for the dust to settle down
2515# and then see what people actually say in practice.
2516
2517# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2518Zone Asia/Colombo 5:19:24 - LMT 1880
2519 5:19:32 - MMT 1906 # Moratuwa Mean Time
2520 5:30 - IST 1942 Jan 5
2521 5:30 0:30 IHST 1942 Sep
2522 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 16 2:00
2523 5:30 - IST 1996 May 25 0:00
2524 6:30 - LKT 1996 Oct 26 0:30
2525 6:00 - LKT 2006 Apr 15 0:30
2526 5:30 - IST
2527
2528# Syria
2529# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2530Rule Syria 1920 1923 - Apr Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 S
2531Rule Syria 1920 1923 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 0 -
2532Rule Syria 1962 only - Apr 29 2:00 1:00 S
2533Rule Syria 1962 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 -
2534Rule Syria 1963 1965 - May 1 2:00 1:00 S
2535Rule Syria 1963 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 -
2536Rule Syria 1964 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 -
2537Rule Syria 1965 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 -
2538Rule Syria 1966 only - Apr 24 2:00 1:00 S
2539Rule Syria 1966 1976 - Oct 1 2:00 0 -
2540Rule Syria 1967 1978 - May 1 2:00 1:00 S
2541Rule Syria 1977 1978 - Sep 1 2:00 0 -
2542Rule Syria 1983 1984 - Apr 9 2:00 1:00 S
2543Rule Syria 1983 1984 - Oct 1 2:00 0 -
2544Rule Syria 1986 only - Feb 16 2:00 1:00 S
2545Rule Syria 1986 only - Oct 9 2:00 0 -
2546Rule Syria 1987 only - Mar 1 2:00 1:00 S
2547Rule Syria 1987 1988 - Oct 31 2:00 0 -
2548Rule Syria 1988 only - Mar 15 2:00 1:00 S
2549Rule Syria 1989 only - Mar 31 2:00 1:00 S
2550Rule Syria 1989 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 -
2551Rule Syria 1990 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 S
2552Rule Syria 1990 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 -
2553Rule Syria 1991 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
2554Rule Syria 1991 1992 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
2555Rule Syria 1992 only - Apr 8 0:00 1:00 S
2556Rule Syria 1993 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S
2557Rule Syria 1993 only - Sep 25 0:00 0 -
2558# IATA SSIM (1998-02) says 1998-04-02;
2559# (1998-09) says 1999-03-29 and 1999-09-29; (1999-02) says 1999-04-02,
2560# 2000-04-02, and 2001-04-02; (1999-09) says 2000-03-31 and 2001-03-31;
2561# (2006) says 2006-03-31 and 2006-09-22;
2562# for now ignore all these claims and go with Shanks & Pottenger,
2563# except for the 2006-09-22 claim (which seems right for Ramadan).
2564Rule Syria 1994 1996 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
2565Rule Syria 1994 2005 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
2566Rule Syria 1997 1998 - Mar lastMon 0:00 1:00 S
2567Rule Syria 1999 2006 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
2568# From Stephen Colebourne (2006-09-18):
2569# According to IATA data, Syria will change DST on 21st September [21:00 UTC]
2570# this year [only].... This is probably related to Ramadan, like Egypt.
2571Rule Syria 2006 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 -
2572# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-29):
2573# Today the AP reported "Syria will switch to summertime at midnight Thursday."
2574# http://www.iht.com/articles/ap/2007/03/29/africa/ME-GEN-Syria-Time-Change.php
2575Rule Syria 2007 only - Mar lastFri 0:00 1:00 S
2576# From Jesper Norgard (2007-10-27):
2577# The sister center ICARDA of my work CIMMYT is confirming that Syria DST will
2578# not take place 1st November at 0:00 o'clock but 1st November at 24:00 or
2579# rather Midnight between Thursday and Friday. This does make more sense than
2580# having it between Wednesday and Thursday (two workdays in Syria) since the
2581# weekend in Syria is not Saturday and Sunday, but Friday and Saturday. So now
2582# it is implemented at midnight of the last workday before weekend...
2583#
2584# From Steffen Thorsen (2007-10-27):
2585# Jesper Norgaard Welen wrote:
2586#
2587# > "Winter local time in Syria will be observed at midnight of Thursday 1
2588# > November 2007, and the clock will be put back 1 hour."
2589#
2590# I found confirmation on this in this gov.sy-article (Arabic):
2591# http://wehda.alwehda.gov.sy/_print_veiw.asp?FileName=12521710520070926111247
2592#
2593# which using Google's translate tools says:
2594# Council of Ministers also approved the commencement of work on
2595# identifying the winter time as of Friday, 2/11/2007 where the 60th
2596# minute delay at midnight Thursday 1/11/2007.
2597Rule Syria 2007 only - Nov Fri>=1 0:00 0 -
2598
2599# From Stephen Colebourne (2008-03-17):
2600# For everyone's info, I saw an IATA time zone change for [Syria] for
2601# this month (March 2008) in the last day or so...This is the data IATA
2602# are now using:
2603# Country Time Standard --- DST Start --- --- DST End --- DST
2604# Name Zone Variation Time Date Time Date
2605# Variation
2606# Syrian Arab
2607# Republic SY +0200 2200 03APR08 2100 30SEP08 +0300
2608# 2200 02APR09 2100 30SEP09 +0300
2609# 2200 01APR10 2100 30SEP10 +0300
2610
2611# From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-17):
2612# Here's a link to English-language coverage by the Syrian Arab News
2613# Agency (SANA)...
2614# <a href="http://www.sana.sy/eng/21/2008/03/11/165173.htm">
2615# http://www.sana.sy/eng/21/2008/03/11/165173.htm
2616# </a>...which reads (in part) "The Cabinet approved the suggestion of the
2617# Ministry of Electricity to begin daylight savings time on Friday April
2618# 4th, advancing clocks one hour ahead on midnight of Thursday April 3rd."
2619# Since Syria is two hours east of UTC, the 2200 and 2100 transition times
2620# shown above match up with midnight in Syria.
2621
2622# From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-18):
2623# My buest guess at a Syrian rule is "the Friday nearest April 1";
2624# coding that involves either using a "Mar Fri>=29" construct that old time zone
2625# compilers can't handle or having multiple Rules (a la Israel).
2626# For now, use "Apr Fri>=1", and go with IATA on a uniform Sep 30 end.
2627
2628# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-10-07):
2629# Syria has now officially decided to end DST on 2008-11-01 this year,
2630# according to the following article in the Syrian Arab News Agency (SANA).
2631#
2632# The article is in Arabic, and seems to tell that they will go back to
2633# winter time on 2008-11-01 at 00:00 local daylight time (delaying/setting
2634# clocks back 60 minutes).
2635#
2636# <a href="http://sana.sy/ara/2/2008/10/07/195459.htm">
2637# http://sana.sy/ara/2/2008/10/07/195459.htm
2638# </a>
2639
2640# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-03-19):
2641# Syria will start DST on 2009-03-27 00:00 this year according to many sources,
2642# two examples:
2643#
2644# <a href="http://www.sana.sy/eng/21/2009/03/17/217563.htm">
2645# http://www.sana.sy/eng/21/2009/03/17/217563.htm
2646# </a>
2647# (English, Syrian Arab News # Agency)
2648# <a href="http://thawra.alwehda.gov.sy/_View_news2.asp?FileName=94459258720090318012209">
2649# http://thawra.alwehda.gov.sy/_View_news2.asp?FileName=94459258720090318012209
2650# </a>
2651# (Arabic, gov-site)
2652#
2653# We have not found any sources saying anything about when DST ends this year.
2654#
2655# Our summary
2656# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/syria-dst-starts-march-27-2009.html">
2657# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/syria-dst-starts-march-27-2009.html
2658# </a>
2659
2660# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-10-27):
2661# The Syrian Arab News Network on 2009-09-29 reported that Syria will
2662# revert back to winter (standard) time on midnight between Thursday
2663# 2009-10-29 and Friday 2009-10-30:
2664# <a href="http://www.sana.sy/ara/2/2009/09/29/247012.htm">
2665# http://www.sana.sy/ara/2/2009/09/29/247012.htm (Arabic)
2666# </a>
2667
2668# From Arthur David Olson (2009-10-28):
2669# We'll see if future DST switching times turn out to be end of the last
2670# Thursday of the month or the start of the last Friday of the month or
2671# something else. For now, use the start of the last Friday.
2672
2673# From Steffen Thorsen (2010-03-17):
2674# The "Syrian News Station" reported on 2010-03-16 that the Council of
2675# Ministers has decided that Syria will start DST on midnight Thursday
2676# 2010-04-01: (midnight between Thursday and Friday):
2677# <a href="http://sns.sy/sns/?path=news/read/11421">
2678# http://sns.sy/sns/?path=news/read/11421 (Arabic)
2679# </a>
2680
2681# From Steffen Thorsen (2012-03-26):
2682# Today, Syria's government announced that they will start DST early on Friday
2683# (00:00). This is a bit earlier than the past two years.
2684#
2685# From Syrian Arab News Agency, in Arabic:
2686# <a href="http://www.sana.sy/ara/2/2012/03/26/408215.htm">
2687# http://www.sana.sy/ara/2/2012/03/26/408215.htm
2688# </a>
2689#
2690# Our brief summary:
2691# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/syria-dst-2012.html">
2692# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/syria-dst-2012.html
2693# </a>
2694
2695# From Arthur David Olson (2012-03-27):
2696# Assume last Friday in March going forward XXX.
2697
2698Rule Syria 2008 only - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S
2699Rule Syria 2008 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 -
2700Rule Syria 2009 only - Mar lastFri 0:00 1:00 S
2701Rule Syria 2010 2011 - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S
2702Rule Syria 2012 max - Mar lastFri 0:00 1:00 S
2703Rule Syria 2009 max - Oct lastFri 0:00 0 -
2704
2705# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2706Zone Asia/Damascus 2:25:12 - LMT 1920 # Dimashq
2707 2:00 Syria EE%sT
2708
2709# Tajikistan
2710# From Shanks & Pottenger.
2711# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2712Zone Asia/Dushanbe 4:35:12 - LMT 1924 May 2
2713 5:00 - DUST 1930 Jun 21 # Dushanbe Time
2714 6:00 RussiaAsia DUS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
2715 5:00 1:00 DUSST 1991 Sep 9 2:00s
2716 5:00 - TJT # Tajikistan Time
2717
2718# Thailand
2719# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2720Zone Asia/Bangkok 6:42:04 - LMT 1880
2721 6:42:04 - BMT 1920 Apr # Bangkok Mean Time
2722 7:00 - ICT
2723
2724# Turkmenistan
2725# From Shanks & Pottenger.
2726# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2727Zone Asia/Ashgabat 3:53:32 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Ashkhabad
2728 4:00 - ASHT 1930 Jun 21 # Ashkhabad Time
2729 5:00 RussiaAsia ASH%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00
2730 4:00 RussiaAsia ASH%sT 1991 Oct 27 # independence
2731 4:00 RussiaAsia TM%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00
2732 5:00 - TMT
2733
2734# United Arab Emirates
2735# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2736Zone Asia/Dubai 3:41:12 - LMT 1920
2737 4:00 - GST
2738
2739# Uzbekistan
2740# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2741Zone Asia/Samarkand 4:27:12 - LMT 1924 May 2
2742 4:00 - SAMT 1930 Jun 21 # Samarkand Time
2743 5:00 - SAMT 1981 Apr 1
2744 5:00 1:00 SAMST 1981 Oct 1
2745 6:00 - TAST 1982 Apr 1 # Tashkent Time
2746 5:00 RussiaAsia SAM%sT 1991 Sep 1 # independence
2747 5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1992
2748 5:00 - UZT
2749Zone Asia/Tashkent 4:37:12 - LMT 1924 May 2
2750 5:00 - TAST 1930 Jun 21 # Tashkent Time
2751 6:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00
2752 5:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Sep 1 # independence
2753 5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1992
2754 5:00 - UZT
2755
2756# Vietnam
2757
2758# From Paul Eggert (2013-02-21):
2759# Milne gives 7:16:56 for the meridian of Saigon in 1899, as being
2760# used in Lower Laos, Cambodia, and Annam. But this is quite a ways
2761# from Saigon's location. For now, ignore this and stick with Shanks
2762# and Pottenger.
2763
2764# From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-18):
2765# The English-language name of Vietnam's most populous city is "Ho Chi Min City";
2766# we use Ho_Chi_Minh below to avoid a name of more than 14 characters.
2767
2768# From Shanks & Pottenger:
2769# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2770Zone Asia/Ho_Chi_Minh 7:06:40 - LMT 1906 Jun 9
2771 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT?
2772 7:00 - ICT 1912 May
2773 8:00 - ICT 1931 May
2774 7:00 - ICT
2775
2776# Yemen
2777
2778# Milne says 2:59:54 was the meridian of the saluting battery at Aden,
2779# and that Yemen was at 1:55:56, the meridian of the Hagia Sophia.
2780
2781# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2782Zone Asia/Aden 2:59:54 - LMT 1950
2783 3:00 - AST
|