1# @(#)asia 7.56
2
3# $FreeBSD: head/share/zoneinfo/asia 64499 2000-08-10 19:36:46Z wollman $
4
5# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
6# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
7# tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future).
8
9# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1999-03-22):
10#
11# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is
12# Thomas G. Shanks, The International Atlas (5th edition),
13# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1999).
14#
15# Gwillim Law <Gwil_Law@bridge-point.com> writes that a good source
16# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
17# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
18# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries
19# of the IATA's data after 1990.
20#
21# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks is the source for entries through 1990,
22# and IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990.
23#
24# Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences,
25# Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which
26# I found in the UCLA library.
27#
28# A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is
29# Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997).
30#
31# I invented the abbreviations marked `*' in the following table;
32# the rest are from earlier versions of this file, or from other sources.
33# Corrections are welcome!
34# std dst
35# LMT Local Mean Time
36# 2:00 EET EEST Eastern European Time
37# 2:00 IST IDT Israel
38# 3:00 AST ADT Arabia*
39# 4:00 GST Gulf*
40# 5:30 IST India
41# 7:00 ICT Indochina*
42# 8:00 CST China
43# 9:00 CJT Central Japanese Time (1896/1937)*
44# 9:00 JST Japan
45# 9:00 KST Korea
46# 9:30 CST (Australian) Central Standard Time
47#
48# See the `europe' file for Russia and Turkey in Asia.
49
50# From Guy Harris:
51# Incorporates data for Singapore from Robert Elz' asia 1.1, as well as
52# additional information from Tom Yap, Sun Microsystems Intercontinental
53# Technical Support (including a page from the Official Airline Guide -
54# Worldwide Edition). The names for time zones are guesses.
55
56###############################################################################
57
58# These rules are stolen from the `europe' file.
59# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
60Rule EUAsia 1981 max - Mar lastSun 1:00u 1:00 S
61Rule EUAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u 0 -
62Rule E-EurAsia 1981 max - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
63Rule E-EurAsia 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 -
64Rule E-EurAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 -
65Rule RussiaAsia 1981 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
66Rule RussiaAsia 1981 1983 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
67Rule RussiaAsia 1984 1991 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 -
68Rule RussiaAsia 1985 1991 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S
69Rule RussiaAsia 1992 only - Mar lastSat 23:00 1:00 S
70Rule RussiaAsia 1992 only - Sep lastSat 23:00 0 -
71Rule RussiaAsia 1993 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S
72Rule RussiaAsia 1993 1995 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 -
73Rule RussiaAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 -
74
75# Afghanistan
76# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
77Zone Asia/Kabul 4:36:48 - LMT 1890
78 4:00 - AFT 1945
79 4:30 - AFT
80
81# Armenia
82# From Paul Eggert (1999-10-29):
83# Shanks has Yerevan switching to 3:00 (with Russian DST) in spring 1991,
84# then to 4:00 with no DST in fall 1995, then readopting Russian DST in 1997.
85# Go with Shanks, even when he disagrees with others. Edgar Der-Danieliantz
86# <edd@AIC.NET> reported (1996-05-04) that Yerevan probably wouldn't use DST
87# in 1996, though it did use DST in 1995. IATA SSIM (1991/1998) reports that
88# Armenia switched from 3:00 to 4:00 in 1998 and observed DST after 1991,
89# but started switching at 3:00s in 1998.
90# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
91Zone Asia/Yerevan 2:58:00 - LMT 1924 May 2
92 3:00 - YERT 1957 Mar # Yerevan Time
93 4:00 RussiaAsia YER%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
94 3:00 1:00 YERST 1991 Sep 23 # independence
95 3:00 RussiaAsia AM%sT 1995 Sep 24 2:00s
96 4:00 - AMT 1997
97 4:00 RussiaAsia AM%sT
98
99# Azerbaijan
100# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
101Rule Azer 1997 max - Mar lastSun 1:00 1:00 S
102Rule Azer 1997 max - Oct lastSun 1:00 0 -
103# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
104Zone Asia/Baku 3:19:24 - LMT 1924 May 2
105 3:00 - BAKT 1957 Mar # Baku Time
106 4:00 RussiaAsia BAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
107 3:00 1:00 BAKST 1991 Aug 30 # independence
108 3:00 RussiaAsia AZ%sT 1992 Sep lastSun 2:00s
109 4:00 - AZT 1996 # Azerbaijan time
110 4:00 EUAsia AZ%sT 1997
111 4:00 Azer AZ%sT
112
113# Bahrain
114# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
115Zone Asia/Bahrain 3:22:20 - LMT 1920 # Al-Manamah
116 4:00 - GST 1972 Jun
117 3:00 - AST
118
119# Bangladesh
120# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
121Zone Asia/Dacca 6:01:40 - LMT 1890
122 5:53:20 - HMT 1941 Oct # Howrah Mean Time?
123 6:30 - BURT 1942 May 15 # Burma Time
124 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep
125 6:30 - BURT 1951 Sep 30
126 6:00 - DACT 1971 Mar 26 # Dacca Time
127 6:00 - BDT # Bangladesh Time
128
129# Bhutan
130# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
131Zone Asia/Thimbu 5:58:36 - LMT 1947 Aug 15
132 5:30 - IST 1987 Oct
133 6:00 - BTT # Bhutan Time
134
135# British Indian Ocean Territory
136# From Whitman:
137# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
138Zone Indian/Chagos 5:00 - IOT # BIOT Time
139
140# Brunei
141# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
142Zone Asia/Brunei 7:39:40 - LMT 1926 Mar # Bandar Seri Begawan
143 7:30 - BNT 1933
144 8:00 - BNT
145
146# Burma / Myanmar
147# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
148Zone Asia/Rangoon 6:24:40 - LMT 1880 # or Yangon
149 6:24:36 - RMT 1920 # Rangoon Mean Time?
150 6:30 - BURT 1942 May # Burma Time
151 9:00 - JST 1945 May 3
152 6:30 - MMT # Myanmar Time
153
154# Cambodia
155# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
156Zone Asia/Phnom_Penh 6:59:40 - LMT 1906 Jun 9
157 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT?
158 7:00 - ICT 1912 May
159 8:00 - ICT 1931 May
160 7:00 - ICT
161
162# China
163
164# From Guy Harris:
165# People's Republic of China. Yes, they really have only one time zone.
166
167# From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
168# No they don't. See TIME mag, 1986-02-17 p.52. Even though
169# China is across 4 physical time zones, before Feb 1, 1986 only the
170# Peking (Bejing) time zone was recognized. Since that date, China
171# has two of 'em -- Peking's and Urumqi (named after the capital of
172# the Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region). I don't know about DST for it.
173#
174# . . .I just deleted the DST table and this editor makes it too
175# painful to suck in another copy.. So, here is what I have for
176# DST start/end dates for Peking's time zone (info from AP):
177#
178# 1986 May 4 - Sept 14
179# 1987 mid-April - ??
180
181# From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19):
182# CHINA 8 H AHEAD OF UTC ALL OF CHINA, INCL TAIWAN
183# CHINA 9 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 17 - SEP 10
184
185# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1995-12-19):
186# Shanks writes that China has had a single time zone since 1980 May 1,
187# observing summer DST from 1986 through 1991; this contradicts Devine's
188# note about Time magazine, though apparently _something_ happened in 1986.
189# Go with Shanks for now. I made up names for the other pre-1980 time zones.
190
191# From Shanks:
192# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
193Rule Shang 1940 only - Jun 3 0:00 1:00 D
194Rule Shang 1940 1941 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
195Rule Shang 1941 only - Mar 16 0:00 1:00 D
196Rule PRC 1949 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 S
197Rule PRC 1986 only - May 4 0:00 1:00 D
198Rule PRC 1986 1991 - Sep Sun>=11 0:00 0 S
199Rule PRC 1987 1991 - Apr Sun>=10 0:00 1:00 D
200# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
201Zone Asia/Harbin 8:26:44 - LMT 1928
202 8:30 - HART 1932 Mar # Harbin Time
203 8:00 - CST 1940
204 9:00 - HART 1966 May
205 8:30 - HART 1980 May
206 8:00 PRC C%sT
207Zone Asia/Shanghai 8:05:52 - LMT 1928
208 8:00 Shang C%sT 1949
209 8:00 PRC C%sT
210Zone Asia/Chungking 7:06:20 - LMT 1928
211 7:00 - CHUT 1980 May # Chungking Time
212 8:00 PRC C%sT
213Zone Asia/Urumqi 5:50:20 - LMT 1928
214 6:00 - URUT 1980 May # Urumqi Time
215 8:00 PRC C%sT
216Zone Asia/Kashgar 5:03:56 - LMT 1928
217 5:30 - KAST 1940 # Kashgar Time
218 5:00 - KAST 1980 May
219 8:00 PRC C%sT
220# Hong Kong
221# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
222Rule HK 1946 only - Apr 20 3:30 1:00 S
223Rule HK 1946 only - Dec 1 3:30 0 -
224Rule HK 1947 only - Apr 13 3:30 1:00 S
225Rule HK 1947 only - Dec 30 3:30 0 -
226Rule HK 1948 only - May 2 3:30 1:00 S
227Rule HK 1948 1952 - Oct lastSun 3:30 0 -
228Rule HK 1949 1953 - Apr Sun>=1 3:30 1:00 S
229Rule HK 1953 only - Nov 1 3:30 0 -
230Rule HK 1954 1964 - Mar Sun>=18 3:30 1:00 S
231Rule HK 1954 only - Oct 31 3:30 0 -
232Rule HK 1955 1964 - Nov Sun>=1 3:30 0 -
233Rule HK 1965 1977 - Apr Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S
234Rule HK 1965 1977 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 -
235Rule HK 1979 1980 - May Sun>=8 3:30 1:00 S
236Rule HK 1979 1980 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 -
237# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
238Zone Asia/Hong_Kong 7:36:36 - LMT 1904 Oct 30
239 8:00 HK HK%sT
240
241
242###############################################################################
243
244# Taiwan
245
246# Shanks writes that Taiwan observed DST during 1945, when it
247# was still controlled by Japan. This is hard to believe, but we don't
248# have any other information.
249
250# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
251Rule Taiwan 1945 1951 - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
252Rule Taiwan 1945 1951 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
253Rule Taiwan 1952 only - Mar 1 0:00 1:00 D
254Rule Taiwan 1952 1954 - Nov 1 0:00 0 S
255Rule Taiwan 1953 1959 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
256Rule Taiwan 1955 1961 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
257Rule Taiwan 1960 1961 - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D
258Rule Taiwan 1974 1975 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
259Rule Taiwan 1974 1975 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
260Rule Taiwan 1980 only - Jun 30 0:00 1:00 D
261Rule Taiwan 1980 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 S
262# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
263Zone Asia/Taipei 8:06:00 - LMT 1896
264 8:00 Taiwan C%sT
265
266# Macao
267# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
268Rule Macao 1961 1962 - Mar Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S
269Rule Macao 1961 1964 - Nov Sun>=1 3:30 0 -
270Rule Macao 1963 only - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 S
271Rule Macao 1964 only - Mar Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S
272Rule Macao 1965 only - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 S
273Rule Macao 1965 only - Oct 31 0:00 0 -
274Rule Macao 1966 1971 - Apr Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S
275Rule Macao 1966 1971 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 -
276Rule Macao 1972 1974 - Apr Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S
277Rule Macao 1972 1973 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 0 -
278Rule Macao 1974 1977 - Oct Sun>=15 3:30 0 -
279Rule Macao 1975 1977 - Apr Sun>=15 3:30 1:00 S
280Rule Macao 1978 1980 - Apr Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S
281Rule Macao 1978 1980 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 0 -
282# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
283Zone Asia/Macao 7:34:20 - LMT 1912
284 8:00 Macao MO%sT 1999 Dec 20 # return to China
285 8:00 PRC C%sT
286
287
288###############################################################################
289
290# Cyprus
291# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
292Rule Cyprus 1975 only - Apr 13 0:00 1:00 S
293Rule Cyprus 1975 only - Oct 12 0:00 0 -
294Rule Cyprus 1976 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 S
295Rule Cyprus 1976 only - Oct 11 0:00 0 -
296Rule Cyprus 1977 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
297Rule Cyprus 1977 only - Sep 25 0:00 0 -
298Rule Cyprus 1978 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 -
299Rule Cyprus 1979 1997 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 -
300Rule Cyprus 1981 1998 - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
301# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
302Zone Asia/Nicosia 2:13:28 - LMT 1921 Nov 14
303 2:00 Cyprus EE%sT 1998 Sep
304 2:00 EUAsia EE%sT
305# IATA SSIM (1998-09) has Cyprus using EU rules for the first time.
306
307# Georgia
308# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1994-11-19):
309# Today's _Economist_ (p 60) reports that Georgia moved its clocks forward
310# an hour recently, due to a law proposed by Zurab Murvanidze,
311# an MP who went on a hunger strike for 11 days to force discussion about it!
312# We have no details, but we'll guess they didn't move the clocks back in fall.
313#
314# From Mathew Englander <mathew@io.org>, quoting AP (1996-10-23 13:05-04):
315# Instead of putting back clocks at the end of October, Georgia
316# will stay on daylight savings time this winter to save energy,
317# President Eduard Shevardnadze decreed Wednesday.
318# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
319Zone Asia/Tbilisi 2:59:16 - LMT 1880
320 2:59:16 - TBMT 1924 May 2 # Tbilisi Mean Time
321 3:00 - TBIT 1957 Mar # Tbilisi Time
322 4:00 RussiaAsia TBI%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
323 3:00 1:00 TBIST 1991 Apr 9 # independence
324 3:00 RussiaAsia GE%sT 1992 # Georgia Time
325 3:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 1994 Sep lastSun
326 4:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 1996 Oct lastSun
327 4:00 1:00 GEST 1997 Mar lastSun
328 4:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT
329
330# East Timor
331# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
332Zone Asia/Dili 8:22:20 - LMT 1912
333 8:00 - TPT 1942 Feb 21 23:00
334 9:00 - JST 1945 Aug
335 9:00 - TPT 1976 May 3
336 8:00 - TPT # East Timor Time
337
338# India
339# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
340Zone Asia/Calcutta 5:53:28 - LMT 1880
341 5:53:20 - HMT 1941 Oct # Howrah Mean Time?
342 6:30 - BURT 1942 May 15 # Burma Time
343 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep
344 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 15
345 5:30 - IST
346# The following are like Asia/Calcutta:
347# Andaman Is
348# Lakshadweep (Laccadive, Minicoy and Amindivi Is)
349# Nicobar Is
350
351# Indonesia
352# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
353Zone Asia/Jakarta 7:07:12 - LMT 1867 Aug 10
354# Shanks says the next transition was at 1924 Jan 1 0:13,
355# but this must be a typo.
356 7:07:12 - JMT 1923 Dec 31 23:47:12 # Jakarta
357 7:20 - JAVT 1932 Nov # Java Time
358 7:30 - JAVT 1942 Mar 23
359 9:00 - JST 1945 Aug
360 7:30 - JAVT 1948 May
361 8:00 - JAVT 1950 May
362 7:30 - JAVT 1964
363 7:00 - JAVT
364Zone Asia/Ujung_Pandang 7:57:36 - LMT 1920
365 7:57:36 - MMT 1932 Nov # Macassar MT
366 8:00 - BORT 1942 Feb 9 # Borneo Time
367 9:00 - JST 1945 Aug
368 8:00 - BORT
369Zone Asia/Jayapura 9:22:48 - LMT 1932 Nov
370 9:00 - JAYT 1944 # Jayapura Time
371 9:30 - CST 1964
372 9:00 - JAYT
373
374# Iran
375# From Paul Eggert (2000-06-12), following up a suggestion by Rich Wales:
376# Ahmea Alavi in
377# <a href="http://www.persia.org/Iran_Lib/Calendar/taghveem.txt">
378# TAGHVEEM (1993-07-12)
379# </a>
380# writes ``Daylight saving time in Iran starts from the first day
381# of Farvardin and ends the first day of Mehr.'' This disagrees with the SSIM:
382#
383# DST start DST end
384# year SSIM Alavi SSIM Alavi
385# 1991 05-03!= 03-21 09-20!= 09-23
386# 1992 03-22!= 03-21 09-23 09-23
387# 1993 03-21 03-21 09-23 09-23
388# 1994 03-21 03-21 09-22!= 09-23
389# 1995 03-21 03-21 09-22!= 09-23
390# 1996 03-21!= 03-20 09-22 09-22
391# 1997 03-22!= 03-21 09-22!= 09-23
392# 1998 03-21 03-21 09-21!= 09-23
393# 1999 03-22!= 03-21 09-22!= 09-23
394# 2000 03-21!= 03-20 09-21!= 09-22
395# 2001 03-19!= 03-21 09-19!= 09-23
396# 2002 03-18!= 03-21 09-18!= 09-23
397#
398# Go with Alavi starting with 1992.
399# I used Ed Reingold's cal-persia in GNU Emacs 19.34 to compute Persian dates.
400# The Persian calendar is based on the sun, and dates after around 2050
401# are approximate; stop after 2037 when 32-bit time_t's overflow.
402#
403# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
404Rule Iran 1978 1980 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S
405Rule Iran 1978 only - Oct 21 0:00 0 -
406Rule Iran 1979 only - Sep 19 0:00 0 -
407Rule Iran 1980 only - Sep 23 0:00 0 -
408Rule Iran 1991 only - May 3 0:00s 1:00 S
409Rule Iran 1991 only - Sep 20 0:00s 0 -
410Rule Iran 1992 1995 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S
411Rule Iran 1992 1995 - Sep 23 0:00 0 -
412Rule Iran 1996 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 S
413Rule Iran 1996 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 -
414Rule Iran 1997 1999 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S
415Rule Iran 1997 1999 - Sep 23 0:00 0 -
416Rule Iran 2000 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 S
417Rule Iran 2000 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 -
418Rule Iran 2001 2003 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S
419Rule Iran 2001 2003 - Sep 23 0:00 0 -
420Rule Iran 2004 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 S
421Rule Iran 2004 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 -
422Rule Iran 2005 2007 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S
423Rule Iran 2005 2007 - Sep 23 0:00 0 -
424Rule Iran 2008 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 S
425Rule Iran 2008 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 -
426Rule Iran 2009 2011 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S
427Rule Iran 2009 2011 - Sep 23 0:00 0 -
428Rule Iran 2012 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 S
429Rule Iran 2012 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 -
430Rule Iran 2013 2015 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S
431Rule Iran 2013 2015 - Sep 23 0:00 0 -
432Rule Iran 2016 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 S
433Rule Iran 2016 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 -
434Rule Iran 2017 2019 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S
435Rule Iran 2017 2019 - Sep 23 0:00 0 -
436Rule Iran 2020 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 S
437Rule Iran 2020 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 -
438Rule Iran 2021 2023 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S
439Rule Iran 2021 2023 - Sep 23 0:00 0 -
440Rule Iran 2024 2025 - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 S
441Rule Iran 2024 2025 - Sep 22 0:00 0 -
442Rule Iran 2026 2027 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S
443Rule Iran 2026 2027 - Sep 23 0:00 0 -
444Rule Iran 2028 2029 - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 S
445Rule Iran 2028 2029 - Sep 22 0:00 0 -
446Rule Iran 2030 2031 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S
447Rule Iran 2030 2031 - Sep 23 0:00 0 -
448Rule Iran 2032 2033 - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 S
449Rule Iran 2032 2033 - Sep 22 0:00 0 -
450Rule Iran 2034 2035 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S
451Rule Iran 2034 2035 - Sep 23 0:00 0 -
452Rule Iran 2036 2037 - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 S
453Rule Iran 2036 2037 - Sep 22 0:00 0 -
454# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
455Zone Asia/Tehran 3:25:44 - LMT 1916
456 3:25:44 - TMT 1946 # Tehran Mean Time
457 3:30 - IRT 1977 Nov
458 4:00 Iran IR%sT 1979
459 3:30 Iran IR%sT
460
461
462# Iraq
463#
464# From Jonathan Lennox <lennox@cs.columbia.edu> (2000-06-12):
465# An article in this week's Economist ("Inside the Saddam-free zone", p. 50 in
466# the U.S. edition) on the Iraqi Kurds contains a paragraph:
467# "The three northern provinces ... switched their clocks this spring and
468# are an hour ahead of Baghdad."
469#
470# But Rives McDow (2000-06-18) quotes a contact in Iraqi-Kurdistan as follows:
471# In the past, some Kurdish nationalists, as a protest to the Iraqi
472# Government, did not adhere to daylight saving time. They referred
473# to daylight saving as Saddam time. But, as of today, the time zone
474# in Iraqi-Kurdistan is on standard time with Baghdad, Iraq.
475#
476# So we'll ignore the Economist's claim.
477
478# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
479Rule Iraq 1982 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
480Rule Iraq 1982 1984 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
481Rule Iraq 1983 only - Mar 31 0:00 1:00 D
482Rule Iraq 1984 1985 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
483Rule Iraq 1985 1990 - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 S
484Rule Iraq 1986 1990 - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 D
485# IATA SSIM (1991/1996) says Apr 1 12:01am UTC; guess the `:01' is a typo.
486# Shanks says Iraq did not observe DST 1992/1997 or 1999 on; ignore this.
487Rule Iraq 1991 max - Apr 1 3:00s 1:00 D
488Rule Iraq 1991 max - Oct 1 3:00s 0 D
489# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
490Zone Asia/Baghdad 2:57:40 - LMT 1890
491 2:57:36 - BMT 1918 # Baghdad Mean Time?
492 3:00 - AST 1982 May
493 3:00 Iraq A%sT
494
495
496###############################################################################
497
498# Israel
499
500# From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19):
501# ISRAEL 2 H AHEAD OF UTC
502# ISRAEL 3 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 10 - SEP 3
503
504# From Shanks:
505# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
506Rule Zion 1940 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D
507Rule Zion 1942 1944 - Nov 1 0:00 0 S
508Rule Zion 1943 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D
509Rule Zion 1944 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
510Rule Zion 1945 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 D
511Rule Zion 1945 only - Nov 1 2:00 0 S
512Rule Zion 1946 only - Apr 16 2:00 1:00 D
513Rule Zion 1946 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 S
514Rule Zion 1948 only - May 23 0:00 2:00 DD
515Rule Zion 1948 only - Sep 1 0:00 1:00 D
516Rule Zion 1948 1949 - Nov 1 2:00 0 S
517Rule Zion 1949 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
518Rule Zion 1950 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 D
519Rule Zion 1950 only - Sep 15 3:00 0 S
520Rule Zion 1951 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
521Rule Zion 1951 only - Nov 11 3:00 0 S
522Rule Zion 1952 only - Apr 20 2:00 1:00 D
523Rule Zion 1952 only - Oct 19 3:00 0 S
524Rule Zion 1953 only - Apr 12 2:00 1:00 D
525Rule Zion 1953 only - Sep 13 3:00 0 S
526Rule Zion 1954 only - Jun 13 0:00 1:00 D
527Rule Zion 1954 only - Sep 12 0:00 0 S
528Rule Zion 1955 only - Jun 11 2:00 1:00 D
529Rule Zion 1955 only - Sep 11 0:00 0 S
530Rule Zion 1956 only - Jun 3 0:00 1:00 D
531Rule Zion 1956 only - Sep 30 3:00 0 S
532Rule Zion 1957 only - Apr 29 2:00 1:00 D
533Rule Zion 1957 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
534Rule Zion 1974 only - Jul 7 0:00 1:00 D
535Rule Zion 1974 only - Oct 13 0:00 0 S
536Rule Zion 1975 only - Apr 20 0:00 1:00 D
537Rule Zion 1975 only - Aug 31 0:00 0 S
538Rule Zion 1985 only - Apr 14 0:00 1:00 D
539Rule Zion 1985 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S
540Rule Zion 1986 only - May 18 0:00 1:00 D
541Rule Zion 1986 only - Sep 7 0:00 0 S
542Rule Zion 1987 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 D
543Rule Zion 1987 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S
544Rule Zion 1988 only - Apr 9 0:00 1:00 D
545Rule Zion 1988 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S
546
547# From Ephraim Silverberg <ephraim@cs.huji.ac.il>
548# (1997-03-04, 1998-03-16, 1998-12-28, 2000-01-17 and 2000-07-25):
549
550# According to the Office of the Secretary General of the Ministry of
551# Interior, there is NO set rule for Daylight-Savings/Standard time changes.
552# One thing is entrenched in law, however: that there must be at least 150
553# days of daylight savings time annually. From 1993-1998, the change to
554# daylight savings time was on a Friday morning from midnight IST to
555# 1 a.m IDT; up until 1998, the change back to standard time was on a
556# Saturday night from midnight daylight savings time to 11 p.m. standard
557# time. 1996 is an exception to this rule where the change back to standard
558# time took place on Sunday night instead of Saturday night to avoid
559# conflicts with the Jewish New Year. In 1999, the change to
560# daylight savings time was still on a Friday morning but from
561# 2 a.m. IST to 3 a.m. IDT; furthermore, the change back to standard time
562# was also on a Friday morning from 2 a.m. IDT to 1 a.m. IST for
563# 1999 only. In the year 2000, the change to daylight savings time was
564# similar to 1999, but although the change back will be on a Friday, it
565# will take place from 1 a.m. IDT to midnight IST. Starting in 2001, all
566# changes to/from will take place at 1 a.m. old time, but now there is no
567# rule as to what day of the week it will take place in as the start date
568# (except in 2003) is the night after the Passover Seder (i.e. the eve
569# of the 16th of Nisan in the lunar Hebrew calendar) and the end date
570# (except in 2002) is three nights before Yom Kippur [Day of Atonement]
571# (the eve of the 7th of Tishrei in the lunar Hebrew calendar).
572
573# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
574Rule Zion 1989 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D
575Rule Zion 1989 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S
576Rule Zion 1990 only - Mar 25 0:00 1:00 D
577Rule Zion 1990 only - Aug 26 0:00 0 S
578Rule Zion 1991 only - Mar 24 0:00 1:00 D
579Rule Zion 1991 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 S
580Rule Zion 1992 only - Mar 29 0:00 1:00 D
581Rule Zion 1992 only - Sep 6 0:00 0 S
582Rule Zion 1993 only - Apr 2 0:00 1:00 D
583Rule Zion 1993 only - Sep 5 0:00 0 S
584
585# The dates for 1994-1995 were obtained from Office of the Spokeswoman for the
586# Ministry of Interior, Jerusalem, Israel. The spokeswoman can be reached by
587# calling the office directly at 972-2-6701447 or 972-2-6701448.
588
589# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
590Rule Zion 1994 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
591Rule Zion 1994 only - Aug 28 0:00 0 S
592Rule Zion 1995 only - Mar 31 0:00 1:00 D
593Rule Zion 1995 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S
594
595# The dates for 1996 were determined by the Minister of Interior of the
596# time, Haim Ramon. The official announcement regarding 1996-1998
597# (with the dates for 1997-1998 no longer being relevant) can be viewed at:
598#
599# ftp://ftp.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/1996-1998.ramon.ps.gz
600#
601# The dates for 1997-1998 were altered by his successor, Rabbi Eli Suissa.
602#
603# The official announcements for the years 1997-1999 can be viewed at:
604#
605# ftp://ftp.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/YYYY.ps.gz
606#
607# where YYYY is the relevant year.
608
609# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
610Rule Zion 1996 only - Mar 15 0:00 1:00 D
611Rule Zion 1996 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 S
612Rule Zion 1997 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D
613Rule Zion 1997 only - Sep 14 0:00 0 S
614Rule Zion 1998 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 D
615Rule Zion 1998 only - Sep 6 0:00 0 S
616Rule Zion 1999 only - Apr 2 2:00 1:00 D
617Rule Zion 1999 only - Sep 3 2:00 0 S
618
619# The Knesset Interior Committee has changed the dates for 2000 for
620# the third time in just over a year and have set new dates for the
621# years 2001-2004 as well.
622#
623# The official announcement for the start date of 2000 can be viewed at:
624#
625# ftp://ftp.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2000-start.ps.gz
626#
627# The official announcement for the end date of 2000 and the dates
628# for the years 2001-2004 can be viewed at:
629#
630# ftp://ftp.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2000-2004.ps.gz
631
632# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
633Rule Zion 2000 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
634Rule Zion 2000 only - Oct 6 1:00 0 S
635Rule Zion 2001 only - Apr 9 1:00 1:00 D
636Rule Zion 2001 only - Sep 24 1:00 0 S
637Rule Zion 2002 only - Mar 29 1:00 1:00 D
638Rule Zion 2002 only - Oct 7 1:00 0 S
639Rule Zion 2003 only - Mar 28 1:00 1:00 D
640Rule Zion 2003 only - Oct 3 1:00 0 S
641Rule Zion 2004 only - Apr 7 1:00 1:00 D
642Rule Zion 2004 only - Sep 22 1:00 0 S
643
644# From Paul Eggert (2000-07-25):
645# Here are guesses for rules after 2004.
646# They are probably wrong, but they are more likely than no DST at all.
647# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
648Rule Zion 2005 max - Apr 1 1:00 1:00 D
649Rule Zion 2005 max - Oct 1 1:00 0 S
650
651# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
652Zone Asia/Jerusalem 2:20:56 - LMT 1880
653 2:20:40 - JMT 1918 # Jerusalem Mean Time?
654 2:00 Zion I%sT
655
656
657###############################################################################
658
659# Japan
660
661# `9:00' and `JST' is from Guy Harris.
662
663# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1995-03-06):
664# Today's _Asahi Evening News_ (page 4) reports that Japan had
665# daylight saving between 1948 and 1951, but ``the system was discontinued
666# because the public believed it would lead to longer working hours.''
667# Shanks writes that daylight saving in Japan during those years was as follows:
668# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
669#Rule Japan 1948 only - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
670#Rule Japan 1948 1951 - Sep Sat>=8 2:00 0 S
671#Rule Japan 1949 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
672#Rule Japan 1950 1951 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
673# but the only locations using it were US military bases.
674# We go with Shanks and omit daylight saving in those years for Asia/Tokyo.
675
676# From Hideyuki Suzuki (1998-11-09):
677# 'Tokyo' usually stands for the former location of Tokyo Astronomical
678# Observatory: E 139 44' 40".90 (9h 18m 58s.727), N 35 39' 16".0.
679# This data is from 'Rika Nenpyou (Chronological Scientific Tables) 1996'
680# edited by National Astronomical Observatory of Japan....
681# JST (Japan Standard Time) has been used since 1888-01-01 00:00 (JST).
682# The law is enacted on 1886-07-07.
683
684# From Hideyuki Suzuki (1998-11-16):
685# The ordinance No. 51 (1886) established "standard time" in Japan,
686# which stands for the time on E 135 degree.
687# In the ordinance No. 167 (1895), "standard time" was renamed to "central
688# standard time". And the same ordinance also established "western standard
689# time", which stands for the time on E 120 degree.... But "western standard
690# time" was abolished in the ordinance No. 529 (1937). In the ordinance No.
691# 167, there is no mention regarding for what place western standard time is
692# standard....
693#
694# I wrote "ordinance" above, but I don't know how to translate.
695# In Japanese it's "chokurei", which means ordinance from emperor.
696
697# Shanks claims JST in use since 1896, and that a few places (e.g. Ishigaki)
698# use +0800; go with Suzuki. Guess that all ordinances took effect on Jan 1.
699
700# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
701Zone Asia/Tokyo 9:18:59 - LMT 1887 Dec 31 15:00u
702 9:00 - JST 1896
703 9:00 - CJT 1938
704 9:00 - JST
705# Since 1938, all Japanese possessions have been like Asia/Tokyo.
706
707# Jordan
708#
709# From <a href="http://star.arabia.com/990701/JO9.html">
710# Jordan Week (1999-07-01) </a> via Steffen Thorsen (1999-09-09):
711# Clocks in Jordan were forwarded one hour on Wednesday at midnight,
712# in accordance with the government's decision to implement summer time
713# all year round.
714#
715# From <a href="http://star.arabia.com/990930/JO9.html">
716# Jordan Week (1999-09-30) </a> via Steffen Thorsen (1999-11-09):
717# Winter time starts today Thursday, 30 September. Clocks will be turned back
718# by one hour. This is the latest government decision and it's final!
719# The decision was taken because of the increase in working hours in
720# government's departments from six to seven hours.
721#
722# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
723Rule Jordan 1973 only - Jun 6 0:00 1:00 S
724Rule Jordan 1973 1975 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
725Rule Jordan 1974 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
726Rule Jordan 1976 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 -
727Rule Jordan 1977 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
728Rule Jordan 1978 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S
729Rule Jordan 1978 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 -
730Rule Jordan 1985 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
731Rule Jordan 1985 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
732Rule Jordan 1986 1988 - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S
733Rule Jordan 1986 1990 - Oct Fri>=1 0:00 0 -
734Rule Jordan 1989 only - May 8 0:00 1:00 S
735Rule Jordan 1990 only - Apr 27 0:00 1:00 S
736Rule Jordan 1991 only - Apr 17 0:00 1:00 S
737Rule Jordan 1991 only - Sep 27 0:00 0 -
738Rule Jordan 1992 only - Apr 10 0:00 1:00 S
739Rule Jordan 1992 1993 - Oct Fri>=1 0:00 0 -
740Rule Jordan 1993 1998 - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S
741Rule Jordan 1994 only - Sep Fri>=15 0:00 0 -
742Rule Jordan 1995 1998 - Sep Fri>=15 0:00s 0 -
743Rule Jordan 1999 only - Jul 1 0:00s 1:00 S
744Rule Jordan 1999 max - Sep lastThu 0:00s 0 -
745Rule Jordan 2000 max - Mar lastThu 0:00s 1:00 S
746# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
747Zone Asia/Amman 2:23:44 - LMT 1931
748 2:00 Jordan EE%sT
749
750# Kazakhstan
751# From Paul Eggert (1996-11-22):
752# Andrew Evtichov <evti@chevron.com> (1996-04-13) writes that Kazakhstan
753# stayed in sync with Moscow after 1990, and that Aqtobe (formerly Aktyubinsk)
754# and Aqtau (formerly Shevchenko) are the largest cities in their zones.
755# Guess that Aqtau and Aqtobe diverged in 1995, since that's the first time
756# IATA SSIM mentions a third time zone in Kazakhstan.
757#
758# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
759Zone Asia/Almaty 5:07:48 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Alma-Ata
760 5:00 - ALMT 1957 Mar # Alma-Ata Time
761 6:00 RussiaAsia ALM%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
762 5:00 1:00 ALMST 1991 Sep 29 2:00s
763 5:00 - ALMT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
764 6:00 E-EurAsia ALM%sT
765Zone Asia/Aqtobe 3:48:40 - LMT 1924 May 2
766 4:00 - AKT 1957 Mar # Aktyubinsk Time
767 5:00 RussiaAsia AK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
768 4:00 1:00 AKTST 1991 Sep 29 2:00s
769 4:00 - AQTT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s # Aqtobe Time
770 5:00 E-EurAsia AQT%sT
771Zone Asia/Aqtau 3:21:04 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Aktau
772 4:00 - SHET 1957 Mar # Fort Shevchenko Time
773 5:00 RussiaAsia SHE%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
774 4:00 1:00 AQTST 1991 Sep 29 2:00s
775 4:00 - AQTT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s # Aqtau Time
776 5:00 E-EurAsia AQT%sT 1995 Sep lastSun
777 4:00 E-EurAsia AQT%sT
778
779# Kirgizstan
780# Transitions through 1991 are from Shanks.
781# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
782Rule Kirgiz 1992 1996 - Apr Sun>=7 0:00 1:00 S
783Rule Kirgiz 1992 1996 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 -
784Rule Kirgiz 1997 max - Mar lastSun 2:30 1:00 S
785Rule Kirgiz 1997 max - Oct lastSun 2:30 0 -
786# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
787Zone Asia/Bishkek 4:58:24 - LMT 1924 May 2
788 5:00 - FRUT 1930 Jun 21 # Frunze Time
789 6:00 RussiaAsia FRU%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
790 5:00 1:00 FRUST 1991 Aug 31 2:00 # independence
791 5:00 Kirgiz KG%sT # Kirgizstan Time
792
793###############################################################################
794
795# Korea (North and South)
796
797# From Guy Harris:
798# According to someone at the Korean Times in San Francisco,
799# Daylight Savings Time was not observed until 1987. He did not know
800# at what time of day DST starts or ends.
801
802# From Shanks:
803# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
804Rule ROK 1960 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 D
805Rule ROK 1960 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S
806Rule ROK 1987 1988 - May Sun<=14 0:00 1:00 D
807Rule ROK 1987 1988 - Oct Sun<=14 0:00 0 S
808
809# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
810Zone Asia/Seoul 8:27:52 - LMT 1890
811 8:30 - KST 1904 Dec
812 9:00 - KST 1928
813 8:30 - KST 1932
814 9:00 - KST 1954 Mar 21
815 8:00 ROK K%sT 1961 Aug 10
816 8:30 - KST 1968 Oct
817 9:00 ROK K%sT
818Zone Asia/Pyongyang 8:23:00 - LMT 1890
819 8:30 - KST 1904 Dec
820 9:00 - KST 1928
821 8:30 - KST 1932
822 9:00 - KST 1954 Mar 21
823 8:00 - KST 1961 Aug 10
824 9:00 - KST
825
826###############################################################################
827
828# Kuwait
829# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
830Zone Asia/Kuwait 3:11:56 - LMT 1950
831 3:00 - AST
832
833# Laos
834# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
835Zone Asia/Vientiane 6:50:24 - LMT 1906 Jun 9
836 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT?
837 7:00 - ICT 1912 May
838 8:00 - ICT 1931 May
839 7:00 - ICT
840
841# Lebanon
842# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
843Rule Lebanon 1920 only - Mar 28 0:00 1:00 S
844Rule Lebanon 1920 only - Oct 25 0:00 0 -
845Rule Lebanon 1921 only - Apr 3 0:00 1:00 S
846Rule Lebanon 1921 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 -
847Rule Lebanon 1922 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S
848Rule Lebanon 1922 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 -
849Rule Lebanon 1923 only - Apr 22 0:00 1:00 S
850Rule Lebanon 1923 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 -
851Rule Lebanon 1957 1961 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
852Rule Lebanon 1957 1961 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
853Rule Lebanon 1972 only - Jun 22 0:00 1:00 S
854Rule Lebanon 1972 1977 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
855Rule Lebanon 1973 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
856Rule Lebanon 1978 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S
857Rule Lebanon 1978 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 -
858Rule Lebanon 1984 1987 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
859Rule Lebanon 1984 1991 - Oct 16 0:00 0 -
860Rule Lebanon 1988 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S
861Rule Lebanon 1989 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S
862Rule Lebanon 1990 1992 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
863Rule Lebanon 1992 only - Oct 4 0:00 0 -
864Rule Lebanon 1993 max - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
865Rule Lebanon 1993 1998 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 -
866Rule Lebanon 1999 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 -
867# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
868Zone Asia/Beirut 2:22:00 - LMT 1880
869 2:00 Lebanon EE%sT
870
871# Malaysia
872# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
873Rule NBorneo 1935 1941 - Sep 14 0:00 0:20 TS
874Rule NBorneo 1935 1941 - Dec 14 0:00 0 -
875# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
876Zone Asia/Kuala_Lumpur 6:46:48 - LMT 1880
877 6:55:24 - SMT 1905 Jun # Singapore Mean Time
878 7:00 - MALT 1933 # Malaya Time
879 7:20 - MALT 1942 Feb 15
880 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 2
881 7:20 - MALT 1950
882 7:30 - MALT 1982 May
883 8:00 - MYT # Malaysia Time
884Zone Asia/Kuching 7:21:20 - LMT 1926 Mar
885 7:30 - BORT 1933 # Borneo Time
886 8:00 NBorneo BOR%sT 1942
887 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 2
888 8:00 - BORT 1982 May
889 8:00 - MYT
890
891# Maldives
892# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
893Zone Indian/Maldives 4:54:00 - LMT 1880 # Male
894 4:54:00 - MMT 1960 # Male Mean Time
895 5:00 - MVT # Maldives Time
896
897# Mongolia
898
899# Shanks says that Mongolia has three time zones, but usno1995 and the CIA map
900# Standard Time Zones of the World (1997-01)
901# both say that it has just one.
902
903# From Oscar van Vlijmen (1999-12-11):
904# <a href="http://www.mongoliatourism.gov.mn/general.htm">
905# General Information Mongolia
906# </a> (1999-09)
907# "Time: Mongolia has two time zones. Three westernmost provinces of
908# Bayan-Ulgii, Uvs, and Hovd are one hour earlier than the capital city, and
909# the rest of the country follows the Ulaanbaatar time, which is UTC/GMT plus
910# eight hours."
911
912# From Rives McDow (1999-12-13):
913# Mongolia discontinued the use of daylight savings time in 1999; 1998
914# being the last year it was implemented. The dates of implementation I am
915# unsure of, but most probably it was similar to Russia, except for the time
916# of implementation may have been different....
917# Some maps in the past have indicated that there was an additional time
918# zone in the eastern part of Mongolia, including the provinces of Dornod,
919# Suhbaatar, and possibly Khentij.
920
921# From Paul Eggert (1999-12-15):
922# For now, we'll comment out the east zone (Choybalsan)
923# and use Shanks's and the IATA's data for the daylight-saving rules.
924# Naming and spelling is tricky in Mongolia.
925# We'll use Hovd (also spelled Chovd and Khovd) to represent the west zone;
926# the capital of the Hovd province is sometimes called Hovd, sometimes Dund-Us,
927# and sometimes Jirgalanta (with variant spellings), but the name Hovd
928# is good enough for our purposes.
929
930# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
931Rule Mongol 1981 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
932Rule Mongol 1981 1984 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
933Rule Mongol 1985 1990 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 S
934Rule Mongol 1985 1990 - Sep lastSun 3:00 0 -
935Rule Mongol 1991 1998 - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
936Rule Mongol 1991 1995 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 -
937# IATA SSIM (1996-09) says 1996-10-25; go with Shanks.
938Rule Mongol 1996 only - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 -
939Rule Mongol 1997 1998 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 -
940# IATA SSIM (1999-09) says Mongolia no longer observes DST.
941
942# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
943Zone Asia/Hovd 6:06:36 - LMT 1905 Aug
944 6:00 - HOVT 1978 # Hovd Time
945 7:00 Mongol HOV%sT
946Zone Asia/Ulaanbaatar 7:07:32 - LMT 1905 Aug
947 7:00 - ULAT 1978 # Ulaanbaatar Time
948 8:00 Mongol ULA%sT
949# We're not sure about this entry yet, so we'll omit it for now.
950#Zone Asia/Choybalsan 7:38:00 - LMT 1905 Aug
951# 8:00 - CHOT 1978 # Choybalsan Time
952# 9:00 Mongol CHO%sT 19??
953# 8:00 Mongol ULA%sT
954
955# Nepal
956# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
957Zone Asia/Katmandu 5:41:16 - LMT 1920
958 5:30 - IST 1986
959 5:45 - NPT # Nepal Time
960
961# Oman
962# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
963Zone Asia/Muscat 3:54:20 - LMT 1920
964 4:00 - GST
965
966# Pakistan
967# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
968Zone Asia/Karachi 4:28:12 - LMT 1907
969 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep
970 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 15
971 5:30 - IST 1951 Sep 30
972 5:00 - KART 1971 Mar 26 # Karachi Time
973 5:00 - PKT # Pakistan Time
974
975# Palestine
976
977# From Amos Shapir <amos@nsof.co.il> (1998-02-15):
978#
979# From 1917 until 1948-05-15, all of Palestine, including the parts now
980# known as the Gaza Strip and the West Bank, was under British rule.
981# Therefore the rules given for Israel for that period, apply there too...
982#
983# The Gaza Strip was under Egyptian rule between 1948-05-15 until 1967-06-05
984# (except a short occupation by Israel from 1956-11 till 1957-03, but no
985# time zone was affected then). It was never formally annexed to Egypt,
986# though.
987#
988# The rest of Palestine was under Jordanian rule at that time, formally
989# annexed in 1950 as the West Bank (and the word "Trans" was dropped from
990# the country's previous name of "the Hashemite Kingdom of the
991# Trans-Jordan"). So the rules for Jordan for that time apply. Major
992# towns in that area are Nablus (Shchem), El-Halil (Hebron), Ramallah, and
993# East Jerusalem.
994#
995# Both areas were occupied by Israel in June 1967, but not annexed (except
996# for East Jerusalem). They were on Israel time since then; there might
997# have been a Military Governor's order about time zones, but I'm not aware
998# of any (such orders may have been issued semi-annually whenever summer
999# time was in effect, but maybe the legal aspect of time was just neglected).
1000#
1001# The Palestinian Authority was established in 1993, and got hold of most
1002# towns in the West Bank and Gaza by 1995. I know that in order to
1003# demonstrate...independence, they have been switching to
1004# summer time and back on a different schedule than Israel's, but I don't
1005# know when this was started, or what algorithm is used (most likely the
1006# Jordanian one).
1007#
1008# To summarize, the table should probably look something like that:
1009#
1010# Area \ when | 1918-1947 | 1948-1967 | 1967-1995 | 1996-
1011# ------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------
1012# Israel | Zion | Zion | Zion | Zion
1013# West bank | Zion | Jordan | Zion | Jordan
1014# Gaza | Zion | Egypt | Zion | Jordan
1015#
1016# I guess more info may be available from the PA's web page (if/when they
1017# have one).
1018
1019# From Paul Eggert (1998-02-25):
1020# Shanks writes that Gaza did not observe DST until 1957, but we'll go
1021# with Shapir and assume that it observed DST from 1940 through 1947,
1022# and that it used Jordanian rules starting in 1996.
1023# We don't yet need a separate entry for the West Bank, since
1024# the only differences between it and Gaza that we know about
1025# occurred before our cutoff date of 1970.
1026# However, as we get more information, we may need to add entries
1027# for parts of the West Bank as they transitioned from Israel's rules
1028# to Palestine's rules. If you have more info about this, please
1029# send it to tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for incorporation into future editions.
1030
1031# From IINS News Service - Israel - 1998-03-23 10:38:07 Israel time,
1032# forwarded by Ephraim Silverberg:
1033#
1034# Despite the fact that Israel changed over to daylight savings time
1035# last week, the PLO Authority (PA) has decided not to turn its clocks
1036# one-hour forward at this time. As a sign of independence from Israeli rule,
1037# the PA has decided to implement DST in April.
1038
1039# From Paul Eggert (1999-09-20):
1040# Daoud Kuttab writes in
1041# <a href="http://www.jpost.com/com/Archive/22.Apr.1999/Opinion/Article-2.html">
1042# Holiday havoc
1043# </a> (Jerusalem Post, 1999-04-22) that
1044# the Palestinian National Authority changed to DST on 1999-04-15.
1045# I vaguely recall that they switch back in October (sorry, forgot the source).
1046# For now, let's assume that the spring switch was at 24:00,
1047# and that they switch at 0:00 on the 3rd Fridays of April and October.
1048
1049# The rules for Egypt are stolen from the `africa' file.
1050# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1051Rule EgyptAsia 1957 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S
1052Rule EgyptAsia 1957 1958 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
1053Rule EgyptAsia 1958 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
1054Rule EgyptAsia 1959 1967 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S
1055Rule EgyptAsia 1959 1965 - Sep 30 3:00 0 -
1056Rule EgyptAsia 1966 only - Oct 1 3:00 0 -
1057
1058Rule Palestine 1999 max - Apr Fri>=15 0:00 1:00 S
1059Rule Palestine 1999 max - Oct Fri>=15 0:00 0 -
1060
1061# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1062Zone Asia/Gaza 2:17:52 - LMT 1900 Oct
1063 2:00 Zion EET 1948 May 15
1064 2:00 EgyptAsia EE%sT 1967 Jun 5
1065 2:00 Zion I%sT 1996
1066 2:00 Jordan EE%sT 1999
1067 2:00 Palestine EE%sT
1068
1069# Paracel Is
1070# no information
1071
1072# Philippines
1073# Howse writes (p 153) that until 1844 the Philippines kept American date.
1074# The rest of this data is from Shanks.
1075# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1076Rule Phil 1936 only - Nov 1 0:00 1:00 S
1077Rule Phil 1937 only - Feb 1 0:00 0 -
1078Rule Phil 1954 only - Apr 12 0:00 1:00 S
1079Rule Phil 1954 only - Jul 1 0:00 0 -
1080Rule Phil 1978 only - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 S
1081Rule Phil 1978 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 -
1082# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1083Zone Asia/Manila -15:56:00 - LMT 1844
1084 8:04:00 - LMT 1899 May 11
1085 8:00 Phil PH%sT 1942 May
1086 9:00 - JST 1944 Nov
1087 8:00 Phil PH%sT
1088
1089# Qatar
1090# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1091Zone Asia/Qatar 3:26:08 - LMT 1920 # Al Dawhah
1092 4:00 - GST 1972 Jun
1093 3:00 - AST
1094
1095# Saudi Arabia
1096# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1097Zone Asia/Riyadh 3:06:52 - LMT 1950
1098 3:00 - AST
1099
1100# Singapore
1101# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1102Zone Asia/Singapore 6:55:24 - LMT 1880
1103 6:55:24 - SMT 1905 Jun # Singapore Mean Time
1104 7:00 - MALT 1933 # Malaya Time
1105 7:20 - MALT 1942 Feb 15
1106 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 2
1107 7:20 - MALT 1950
1108 7:30 - MALT 1965 Aug 9 # independence
1109 7:30 - SGT 1982 May # Singapore Time
1110 8:00 - SGT
1111
1112# Spratly Is
1113# no information
1114
1115# Sri Lanka
1116# From Paul Eggert (1996-09-03):
1117# "Sri Lanka advances clock by an hour to avoid blackout"
1118# (www.virtual-pc.com/lankaweb/news/items/240596-2.html, 1996-05-24,
1119# no longer available as of 1999-08-17)
1120# reported ``the country's standard time will be put forward by one hour at
1121# midnight Friday (1830 GMT) `in the light of the present power crisis'.''
1122#
1123# From Dharmasiri Senanayake, Sri Lanka Media Minister (1996-10-24), as quoted
1124# by Shamindra in
1125# <a href="news:54rka5$m5h@mtinsc01-mgt.ops.worldnet.att.net">
1126# Daily News - Hot News Section (1996-10-26)
1127# </a>:
1128# With effect from 12.30 a.m. on 26th October 1996
1129# Sri Lanka will be six (06) hours ahead of GMT.
1130
1131# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1132Zone Asia/Colombo 5:19:24 - LMT 1880
1133 5:19:32 - MMT 1906 # Moratuwa Mean Time
1134 5:30 - IST 1942 Jan 5
1135 5:30 0:30 IHST 1942 Sep
1136 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 16 2:00
1137 5:30 - IST 1996 May 25 0:00
1138 6:30 - LKT 1996 Oct 26 0:30
1139 6:00 - LKT
1140
1141# Syria
1142# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1143Rule Syria 1920 1923 - Apr Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 S
1144Rule Syria 1920 1923 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 0 -
1145Rule Syria 1962 only - Apr 29 2:00 1:00 S
1146Rule Syria 1962 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 -
1147Rule Syria 1963 1965 - May 1 2:00 1:00 S
1148Rule Syria 1963 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 -
1149Rule Syria 1964 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 -
1150Rule Syria 1965 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 -
1151Rule Syria 1966 only - Apr 24 2:00 1:00 S
1152Rule Syria 1966 1976 - Oct 1 2:00 0 -
1153Rule Syria 1967 1978 - May 1 2:00 1:00 S
1154Rule Syria 1977 1978 - Sep 1 2:00 0 -
1155Rule Syria 1983 1984 - Apr 9 2:00 1:00 S
1156Rule Syria 1983 1984 - Oct 1 2:00 0 -
1157Rule Syria 1986 only - Feb 16 2:00 1:00 S
1158Rule Syria 1986 only - Oct 9 2:00 0 -
1159Rule Syria 1987 only - Mar 1 2:00 1:00 S
1160Rule Syria 1987 1988 - Oct 31 2:00 0 -
1161Rule Syria 1988 only - Mar 15 2:00 1:00 S
1162Rule Syria 1989 only - Mar 31 2:00 1:00 S
1163Rule Syria 1989 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 -
1164Rule Syria 1990 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 S
1165Rule Syria 1990 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 -
1166Rule Syria 1991 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
1167Rule Syria 1991 1992 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
1168Rule Syria 1992 only - Apr 8 0:00 1:00 S
1169Rule Syria 1993 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S
1170Rule Syria 1993 only - Sep 25 0:00 0 -
1171# IATA SSIM (1998-02) says 1998-04-02;
1172# (1998-09) says 1999-03-29 and 1999-09-29; (1999-02) says 1999-04-02,
1173# 2000-04-02, and 2001-04-02; (1999-09) says 2000-03-31 and 2001-03-31;
1174# ignore all these claims and go with Shanks.
1175Rule Syria 1994 1996 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
1176Rule Syria 1994 max - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
1177Rule Syria 1997 1998 - Mar lastMon 0:00 1:00 S
1178Rule Syria 1999 max - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
1179# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1180Zone Asia/Damascus 2:25:12 - LMT 1920
1181 2:00 Syria EE%sT
1182
1183# Tajikistan
1184# From Shanks.
1185# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1186Zone Asia/Dushanbe 4:35:12 - LMT 1924 May 2
1187 5:00 - DUST 1930 Jun 21 # Dushanbe Time
1188 6:00 RussiaAsia DUS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
1189 5:00 1:00 DUSST 1991 Sep 9 2:00s
1190 5:00 - TJT # Tajikistan Time
1191
1192# Thailand
1193# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1194Zone Asia/Bangkok 6:42:04 - LMT 1880
1195 6:42:04 - BMT 1920 Apr # Bangkok Mean Time
1196 7:00 - ICT
1197
1198# Turkmenistan
1199# From Shanks.
1200# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1201Zone Asia/Ashkhabad 3:53:32 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Ashgabat
1202 4:00 - ASHT 1930 Jun 21 # Ashkhabad Time
1203 5:00 RussiaAsia ASH%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00
1204 4:00 RussiaAsia ASH%sT 1991 Oct 27 # independence
1205 4:00 RussiaAsia TM%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00
1206 5:00 - TMT
1207
1208# United Arab Emirates
1209# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1210Zone Asia/Dubai 3:41:12 - LMT 1920
1211 4:00 - GST
1212
1213# Uzbekistan
1214# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1215Zone Asia/Samarkand 4:27:12 - LMT 1924 May 2
1216 4:00 - SAMT 1930 Jun 21 # Samarkand Time
1217 5:00 - SAMT 1981 Apr 1
1218 5:00 1:00 SAMST 1981 Oct 1
1219 6:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00 # Tashkent Time
1220 5:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Sep 1 # independence
1221 5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1992
1222 5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1993
1223 5:00 - UZT
1224Zone Asia/Tashkent 4:37:12 - LMT 1924 May 2
1225 5:00 - TAST 1930 Jun 21 # Tashkent Time
1226 6:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
1227 5:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Sep 1 # independence
1228 5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1992
1229 5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1993
1230 5:00 - UZT
1231
1232# Vietnam
1233# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1993-11-18):
1234# Saigon's official name is Thanh-Pho Ho Chi Minh, but it's too long.
1235# We'll stick with the traditional name for now.
1236# From Shanks:
1237# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1238Zone Asia/Saigon 7:06:40 - LMT 1906 Jun 9
1239 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT?
1240 7:00 - ICT 1912 May
1241 8:00 - ICT 1931 May
1242 7:00 - ICT
1243
1244# Yemen
1245# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1246Zone Asia/Aden 3:00:48 - LMT 1950
1247 3:00 - AST
2
3# $FreeBSD: head/share/zoneinfo/asia 64499 2000-08-10 19:36:46Z wollman $
4
5# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
6# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
7# tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future).
8
9# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1999-03-22):
10#
11# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is
12# Thomas G. Shanks, The International Atlas (5th edition),
13# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1999).
14#
15# Gwillim Law <Gwil_Law@bridge-point.com> writes that a good source
16# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
17# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
18# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries
19# of the IATA's data after 1990.
20#
21# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks is the source for entries through 1990,
22# and IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990.
23#
24# Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences,
25# Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which
26# I found in the UCLA library.
27#
28# A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is
29# Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997).
30#
31# I invented the abbreviations marked `*' in the following table;
32# the rest are from earlier versions of this file, or from other sources.
33# Corrections are welcome!
34# std dst
35# LMT Local Mean Time
36# 2:00 EET EEST Eastern European Time
37# 2:00 IST IDT Israel
38# 3:00 AST ADT Arabia*
39# 4:00 GST Gulf*
40# 5:30 IST India
41# 7:00 ICT Indochina*
42# 8:00 CST China
43# 9:00 CJT Central Japanese Time (1896/1937)*
44# 9:00 JST Japan
45# 9:00 KST Korea
46# 9:30 CST (Australian) Central Standard Time
47#
48# See the `europe' file for Russia and Turkey in Asia.
49
50# From Guy Harris:
51# Incorporates data for Singapore from Robert Elz' asia 1.1, as well as
52# additional information from Tom Yap, Sun Microsystems Intercontinental
53# Technical Support (including a page from the Official Airline Guide -
54# Worldwide Edition). The names for time zones are guesses.
55
56###############################################################################
57
58# These rules are stolen from the `europe' file.
59# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
60Rule EUAsia 1981 max - Mar lastSun 1:00u 1:00 S
61Rule EUAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u 0 -
62Rule E-EurAsia 1981 max - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
63Rule E-EurAsia 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 -
64Rule E-EurAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 -
65Rule RussiaAsia 1981 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
66Rule RussiaAsia 1981 1983 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
67Rule RussiaAsia 1984 1991 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 -
68Rule RussiaAsia 1985 1991 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S
69Rule RussiaAsia 1992 only - Mar lastSat 23:00 1:00 S
70Rule RussiaAsia 1992 only - Sep lastSat 23:00 0 -
71Rule RussiaAsia 1993 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S
72Rule RussiaAsia 1993 1995 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 -
73Rule RussiaAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 -
74
75# Afghanistan
76# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
77Zone Asia/Kabul 4:36:48 - LMT 1890
78 4:00 - AFT 1945
79 4:30 - AFT
80
81# Armenia
82# From Paul Eggert (1999-10-29):
83# Shanks has Yerevan switching to 3:00 (with Russian DST) in spring 1991,
84# then to 4:00 with no DST in fall 1995, then readopting Russian DST in 1997.
85# Go with Shanks, even when he disagrees with others. Edgar Der-Danieliantz
86# <edd@AIC.NET> reported (1996-05-04) that Yerevan probably wouldn't use DST
87# in 1996, though it did use DST in 1995. IATA SSIM (1991/1998) reports that
88# Armenia switched from 3:00 to 4:00 in 1998 and observed DST after 1991,
89# but started switching at 3:00s in 1998.
90# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
91Zone Asia/Yerevan 2:58:00 - LMT 1924 May 2
92 3:00 - YERT 1957 Mar # Yerevan Time
93 4:00 RussiaAsia YER%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
94 3:00 1:00 YERST 1991 Sep 23 # independence
95 3:00 RussiaAsia AM%sT 1995 Sep 24 2:00s
96 4:00 - AMT 1997
97 4:00 RussiaAsia AM%sT
98
99# Azerbaijan
100# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
101Rule Azer 1997 max - Mar lastSun 1:00 1:00 S
102Rule Azer 1997 max - Oct lastSun 1:00 0 -
103# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
104Zone Asia/Baku 3:19:24 - LMT 1924 May 2
105 3:00 - BAKT 1957 Mar # Baku Time
106 4:00 RussiaAsia BAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
107 3:00 1:00 BAKST 1991 Aug 30 # independence
108 3:00 RussiaAsia AZ%sT 1992 Sep lastSun 2:00s
109 4:00 - AZT 1996 # Azerbaijan time
110 4:00 EUAsia AZ%sT 1997
111 4:00 Azer AZ%sT
112
113# Bahrain
114# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
115Zone Asia/Bahrain 3:22:20 - LMT 1920 # Al-Manamah
116 4:00 - GST 1972 Jun
117 3:00 - AST
118
119# Bangladesh
120# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
121Zone Asia/Dacca 6:01:40 - LMT 1890
122 5:53:20 - HMT 1941 Oct # Howrah Mean Time?
123 6:30 - BURT 1942 May 15 # Burma Time
124 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep
125 6:30 - BURT 1951 Sep 30
126 6:00 - DACT 1971 Mar 26 # Dacca Time
127 6:00 - BDT # Bangladesh Time
128
129# Bhutan
130# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
131Zone Asia/Thimbu 5:58:36 - LMT 1947 Aug 15
132 5:30 - IST 1987 Oct
133 6:00 - BTT # Bhutan Time
134
135# British Indian Ocean Territory
136# From Whitman:
137# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
138Zone Indian/Chagos 5:00 - IOT # BIOT Time
139
140# Brunei
141# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
142Zone Asia/Brunei 7:39:40 - LMT 1926 Mar # Bandar Seri Begawan
143 7:30 - BNT 1933
144 8:00 - BNT
145
146# Burma / Myanmar
147# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
148Zone Asia/Rangoon 6:24:40 - LMT 1880 # or Yangon
149 6:24:36 - RMT 1920 # Rangoon Mean Time?
150 6:30 - BURT 1942 May # Burma Time
151 9:00 - JST 1945 May 3
152 6:30 - MMT # Myanmar Time
153
154# Cambodia
155# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
156Zone Asia/Phnom_Penh 6:59:40 - LMT 1906 Jun 9
157 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT?
158 7:00 - ICT 1912 May
159 8:00 - ICT 1931 May
160 7:00 - ICT
161
162# China
163
164# From Guy Harris:
165# People's Republic of China. Yes, they really have only one time zone.
166
167# From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
168# No they don't. See TIME mag, 1986-02-17 p.52. Even though
169# China is across 4 physical time zones, before Feb 1, 1986 only the
170# Peking (Bejing) time zone was recognized. Since that date, China
171# has two of 'em -- Peking's and Urumqi (named after the capital of
172# the Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region). I don't know about DST for it.
173#
174# . . .I just deleted the DST table and this editor makes it too
175# painful to suck in another copy.. So, here is what I have for
176# DST start/end dates for Peking's time zone (info from AP):
177#
178# 1986 May 4 - Sept 14
179# 1987 mid-April - ??
180
181# From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19):
182# CHINA 8 H AHEAD OF UTC ALL OF CHINA, INCL TAIWAN
183# CHINA 9 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 17 - SEP 10
184
185# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1995-12-19):
186# Shanks writes that China has had a single time zone since 1980 May 1,
187# observing summer DST from 1986 through 1991; this contradicts Devine's
188# note about Time magazine, though apparently _something_ happened in 1986.
189# Go with Shanks for now. I made up names for the other pre-1980 time zones.
190
191# From Shanks:
192# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
193Rule Shang 1940 only - Jun 3 0:00 1:00 D
194Rule Shang 1940 1941 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
195Rule Shang 1941 only - Mar 16 0:00 1:00 D
196Rule PRC 1949 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 S
197Rule PRC 1986 only - May 4 0:00 1:00 D
198Rule PRC 1986 1991 - Sep Sun>=11 0:00 0 S
199Rule PRC 1987 1991 - Apr Sun>=10 0:00 1:00 D
200# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
201Zone Asia/Harbin 8:26:44 - LMT 1928
202 8:30 - HART 1932 Mar # Harbin Time
203 8:00 - CST 1940
204 9:00 - HART 1966 May
205 8:30 - HART 1980 May
206 8:00 PRC C%sT
207Zone Asia/Shanghai 8:05:52 - LMT 1928
208 8:00 Shang C%sT 1949
209 8:00 PRC C%sT
210Zone Asia/Chungking 7:06:20 - LMT 1928
211 7:00 - CHUT 1980 May # Chungking Time
212 8:00 PRC C%sT
213Zone Asia/Urumqi 5:50:20 - LMT 1928
214 6:00 - URUT 1980 May # Urumqi Time
215 8:00 PRC C%sT
216Zone Asia/Kashgar 5:03:56 - LMT 1928
217 5:30 - KAST 1940 # Kashgar Time
218 5:00 - KAST 1980 May
219 8:00 PRC C%sT
220# Hong Kong
221# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
222Rule HK 1946 only - Apr 20 3:30 1:00 S
223Rule HK 1946 only - Dec 1 3:30 0 -
224Rule HK 1947 only - Apr 13 3:30 1:00 S
225Rule HK 1947 only - Dec 30 3:30 0 -
226Rule HK 1948 only - May 2 3:30 1:00 S
227Rule HK 1948 1952 - Oct lastSun 3:30 0 -
228Rule HK 1949 1953 - Apr Sun>=1 3:30 1:00 S
229Rule HK 1953 only - Nov 1 3:30 0 -
230Rule HK 1954 1964 - Mar Sun>=18 3:30 1:00 S
231Rule HK 1954 only - Oct 31 3:30 0 -
232Rule HK 1955 1964 - Nov Sun>=1 3:30 0 -
233Rule HK 1965 1977 - Apr Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S
234Rule HK 1965 1977 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 -
235Rule HK 1979 1980 - May Sun>=8 3:30 1:00 S
236Rule HK 1979 1980 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 -
237# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
238Zone Asia/Hong_Kong 7:36:36 - LMT 1904 Oct 30
239 8:00 HK HK%sT
240
241
242###############################################################################
243
244# Taiwan
245
246# Shanks writes that Taiwan observed DST during 1945, when it
247# was still controlled by Japan. This is hard to believe, but we don't
248# have any other information.
249
250# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
251Rule Taiwan 1945 1951 - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
252Rule Taiwan 1945 1951 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
253Rule Taiwan 1952 only - Mar 1 0:00 1:00 D
254Rule Taiwan 1952 1954 - Nov 1 0:00 0 S
255Rule Taiwan 1953 1959 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
256Rule Taiwan 1955 1961 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
257Rule Taiwan 1960 1961 - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D
258Rule Taiwan 1974 1975 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
259Rule Taiwan 1974 1975 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
260Rule Taiwan 1980 only - Jun 30 0:00 1:00 D
261Rule Taiwan 1980 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 S
262# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
263Zone Asia/Taipei 8:06:00 - LMT 1896
264 8:00 Taiwan C%sT
265
266# Macao
267# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
268Rule Macao 1961 1962 - Mar Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S
269Rule Macao 1961 1964 - Nov Sun>=1 3:30 0 -
270Rule Macao 1963 only - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 S
271Rule Macao 1964 only - Mar Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S
272Rule Macao 1965 only - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 S
273Rule Macao 1965 only - Oct 31 0:00 0 -
274Rule Macao 1966 1971 - Apr Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S
275Rule Macao 1966 1971 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 -
276Rule Macao 1972 1974 - Apr Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S
277Rule Macao 1972 1973 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 0 -
278Rule Macao 1974 1977 - Oct Sun>=15 3:30 0 -
279Rule Macao 1975 1977 - Apr Sun>=15 3:30 1:00 S
280Rule Macao 1978 1980 - Apr Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S
281Rule Macao 1978 1980 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 0 -
282# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
283Zone Asia/Macao 7:34:20 - LMT 1912
284 8:00 Macao MO%sT 1999 Dec 20 # return to China
285 8:00 PRC C%sT
286
287
288###############################################################################
289
290# Cyprus
291# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
292Rule Cyprus 1975 only - Apr 13 0:00 1:00 S
293Rule Cyprus 1975 only - Oct 12 0:00 0 -
294Rule Cyprus 1976 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 S
295Rule Cyprus 1976 only - Oct 11 0:00 0 -
296Rule Cyprus 1977 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
297Rule Cyprus 1977 only - Sep 25 0:00 0 -
298Rule Cyprus 1978 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 -
299Rule Cyprus 1979 1997 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 -
300Rule Cyprus 1981 1998 - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
301# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
302Zone Asia/Nicosia 2:13:28 - LMT 1921 Nov 14
303 2:00 Cyprus EE%sT 1998 Sep
304 2:00 EUAsia EE%sT
305# IATA SSIM (1998-09) has Cyprus using EU rules for the first time.
306
307# Georgia
308# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1994-11-19):
309# Today's _Economist_ (p 60) reports that Georgia moved its clocks forward
310# an hour recently, due to a law proposed by Zurab Murvanidze,
311# an MP who went on a hunger strike for 11 days to force discussion about it!
312# We have no details, but we'll guess they didn't move the clocks back in fall.
313#
314# From Mathew Englander <mathew@io.org>, quoting AP (1996-10-23 13:05-04):
315# Instead of putting back clocks at the end of October, Georgia
316# will stay on daylight savings time this winter to save energy,
317# President Eduard Shevardnadze decreed Wednesday.
318# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
319Zone Asia/Tbilisi 2:59:16 - LMT 1880
320 2:59:16 - TBMT 1924 May 2 # Tbilisi Mean Time
321 3:00 - TBIT 1957 Mar # Tbilisi Time
322 4:00 RussiaAsia TBI%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
323 3:00 1:00 TBIST 1991 Apr 9 # independence
324 3:00 RussiaAsia GE%sT 1992 # Georgia Time
325 3:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 1994 Sep lastSun
326 4:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 1996 Oct lastSun
327 4:00 1:00 GEST 1997 Mar lastSun
328 4:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT
329
330# East Timor
331# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
332Zone Asia/Dili 8:22:20 - LMT 1912
333 8:00 - TPT 1942 Feb 21 23:00
334 9:00 - JST 1945 Aug
335 9:00 - TPT 1976 May 3
336 8:00 - TPT # East Timor Time
337
338# India
339# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
340Zone Asia/Calcutta 5:53:28 - LMT 1880
341 5:53:20 - HMT 1941 Oct # Howrah Mean Time?
342 6:30 - BURT 1942 May 15 # Burma Time
343 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep
344 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 15
345 5:30 - IST
346# The following are like Asia/Calcutta:
347# Andaman Is
348# Lakshadweep (Laccadive, Minicoy and Amindivi Is)
349# Nicobar Is
350
351# Indonesia
352# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
353Zone Asia/Jakarta 7:07:12 - LMT 1867 Aug 10
354# Shanks says the next transition was at 1924 Jan 1 0:13,
355# but this must be a typo.
356 7:07:12 - JMT 1923 Dec 31 23:47:12 # Jakarta
357 7:20 - JAVT 1932 Nov # Java Time
358 7:30 - JAVT 1942 Mar 23
359 9:00 - JST 1945 Aug
360 7:30 - JAVT 1948 May
361 8:00 - JAVT 1950 May
362 7:30 - JAVT 1964
363 7:00 - JAVT
364Zone Asia/Ujung_Pandang 7:57:36 - LMT 1920
365 7:57:36 - MMT 1932 Nov # Macassar MT
366 8:00 - BORT 1942 Feb 9 # Borneo Time
367 9:00 - JST 1945 Aug
368 8:00 - BORT
369Zone Asia/Jayapura 9:22:48 - LMT 1932 Nov
370 9:00 - JAYT 1944 # Jayapura Time
371 9:30 - CST 1964
372 9:00 - JAYT
373
374# Iran
375# From Paul Eggert (2000-06-12), following up a suggestion by Rich Wales:
376# Ahmea Alavi in
377# <a href="http://www.persia.org/Iran_Lib/Calendar/taghveem.txt">
378# TAGHVEEM (1993-07-12)
379# </a>
380# writes ``Daylight saving time in Iran starts from the first day
381# of Farvardin and ends the first day of Mehr.'' This disagrees with the SSIM:
382#
383# DST start DST end
384# year SSIM Alavi SSIM Alavi
385# 1991 05-03!= 03-21 09-20!= 09-23
386# 1992 03-22!= 03-21 09-23 09-23
387# 1993 03-21 03-21 09-23 09-23
388# 1994 03-21 03-21 09-22!= 09-23
389# 1995 03-21 03-21 09-22!= 09-23
390# 1996 03-21!= 03-20 09-22 09-22
391# 1997 03-22!= 03-21 09-22!= 09-23
392# 1998 03-21 03-21 09-21!= 09-23
393# 1999 03-22!= 03-21 09-22!= 09-23
394# 2000 03-21!= 03-20 09-21!= 09-22
395# 2001 03-19!= 03-21 09-19!= 09-23
396# 2002 03-18!= 03-21 09-18!= 09-23
397#
398# Go with Alavi starting with 1992.
399# I used Ed Reingold's cal-persia in GNU Emacs 19.34 to compute Persian dates.
400# The Persian calendar is based on the sun, and dates after around 2050
401# are approximate; stop after 2037 when 32-bit time_t's overflow.
402#
403# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
404Rule Iran 1978 1980 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S
405Rule Iran 1978 only - Oct 21 0:00 0 -
406Rule Iran 1979 only - Sep 19 0:00 0 -
407Rule Iran 1980 only - Sep 23 0:00 0 -
408Rule Iran 1991 only - May 3 0:00s 1:00 S
409Rule Iran 1991 only - Sep 20 0:00s 0 -
410Rule Iran 1992 1995 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S
411Rule Iran 1992 1995 - Sep 23 0:00 0 -
412Rule Iran 1996 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 S
413Rule Iran 1996 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 -
414Rule Iran 1997 1999 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S
415Rule Iran 1997 1999 - Sep 23 0:00 0 -
416Rule Iran 2000 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 S
417Rule Iran 2000 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 -
418Rule Iran 2001 2003 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S
419Rule Iran 2001 2003 - Sep 23 0:00 0 -
420Rule Iran 2004 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 S
421Rule Iran 2004 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 -
422Rule Iran 2005 2007 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S
423Rule Iran 2005 2007 - Sep 23 0:00 0 -
424Rule Iran 2008 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 S
425Rule Iran 2008 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 -
426Rule Iran 2009 2011 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S
427Rule Iran 2009 2011 - Sep 23 0:00 0 -
428Rule Iran 2012 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 S
429Rule Iran 2012 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 -
430Rule Iran 2013 2015 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S
431Rule Iran 2013 2015 - Sep 23 0:00 0 -
432Rule Iran 2016 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 S
433Rule Iran 2016 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 -
434Rule Iran 2017 2019 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S
435Rule Iran 2017 2019 - Sep 23 0:00 0 -
436Rule Iran 2020 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 S
437Rule Iran 2020 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 -
438Rule Iran 2021 2023 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S
439Rule Iran 2021 2023 - Sep 23 0:00 0 -
440Rule Iran 2024 2025 - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 S
441Rule Iran 2024 2025 - Sep 22 0:00 0 -
442Rule Iran 2026 2027 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S
443Rule Iran 2026 2027 - Sep 23 0:00 0 -
444Rule Iran 2028 2029 - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 S
445Rule Iran 2028 2029 - Sep 22 0:00 0 -
446Rule Iran 2030 2031 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S
447Rule Iran 2030 2031 - Sep 23 0:00 0 -
448Rule Iran 2032 2033 - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 S
449Rule Iran 2032 2033 - Sep 22 0:00 0 -
450Rule Iran 2034 2035 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 S
451Rule Iran 2034 2035 - Sep 23 0:00 0 -
452Rule Iran 2036 2037 - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 S
453Rule Iran 2036 2037 - Sep 22 0:00 0 -
454# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
455Zone Asia/Tehran 3:25:44 - LMT 1916
456 3:25:44 - TMT 1946 # Tehran Mean Time
457 3:30 - IRT 1977 Nov
458 4:00 Iran IR%sT 1979
459 3:30 Iran IR%sT
460
461
462# Iraq
463#
464# From Jonathan Lennox <lennox@cs.columbia.edu> (2000-06-12):
465# An article in this week's Economist ("Inside the Saddam-free zone", p. 50 in
466# the U.S. edition) on the Iraqi Kurds contains a paragraph:
467# "The three northern provinces ... switched their clocks this spring and
468# are an hour ahead of Baghdad."
469#
470# But Rives McDow (2000-06-18) quotes a contact in Iraqi-Kurdistan as follows:
471# In the past, some Kurdish nationalists, as a protest to the Iraqi
472# Government, did not adhere to daylight saving time. They referred
473# to daylight saving as Saddam time. But, as of today, the time zone
474# in Iraqi-Kurdistan is on standard time with Baghdad, Iraq.
475#
476# So we'll ignore the Economist's claim.
477
478# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
479Rule Iraq 1982 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
480Rule Iraq 1982 1984 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
481Rule Iraq 1983 only - Mar 31 0:00 1:00 D
482Rule Iraq 1984 1985 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
483Rule Iraq 1985 1990 - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 S
484Rule Iraq 1986 1990 - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 D
485# IATA SSIM (1991/1996) says Apr 1 12:01am UTC; guess the `:01' is a typo.
486# Shanks says Iraq did not observe DST 1992/1997 or 1999 on; ignore this.
487Rule Iraq 1991 max - Apr 1 3:00s 1:00 D
488Rule Iraq 1991 max - Oct 1 3:00s 0 D
489# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
490Zone Asia/Baghdad 2:57:40 - LMT 1890
491 2:57:36 - BMT 1918 # Baghdad Mean Time?
492 3:00 - AST 1982 May
493 3:00 Iraq A%sT
494
495
496###############################################################################
497
498# Israel
499
500# From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19):
501# ISRAEL 2 H AHEAD OF UTC
502# ISRAEL 3 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 10 - SEP 3
503
504# From Shanks:
505# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
506Rule Zion 1940 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D
507Rule Zion 1942 1944 - Nov 1 0:00 0 S
508Rule Zion 1943 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D
509Rule Zion 1944 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
510Rule Zion 1945 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 D
511Rule Zion 1945 only - Nov 1 2:00 0 S
512Rule Zion 1946 only - Apr 16 2:00 1:00 D
513Rule Zion 1946 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 S
514Rule Zion 1948 only - May 23 0:00 2:00 DD
515Rule Zion 1948 only - Sep 1 0:00 1:00 D
516Rule Zion 1948 1949 - Nov 1 2:00 0 S
517Rule Zion 1949 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
518Rule Zion 1950 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 D
519Rule Zion 1950 only - Sep 15 3:00 0 S
520Rule Zion 1951 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
521Rule Zion 1951 only - Nov 11 3:00 0 S
522Rule Zion 1952 only - Apr 20 2:00 1:00 D
523Rule Zion 1952 only - Oct 19 3:00 0 S
524Rule Zion 1953 only - Apr 12 2:00 1:00 D
525Rule Zion 1953 only - Sep 13 3:00 0 S
526Rule Zion 1954 only - Jun 13 0:00 1:00 D
527Rule Zion 1954 only - Sep 12 0:00 0 S
528Rule Zion 1955 only - Jun 11 2:00 1:00 D
529Rule Zion 1955 only - Sep 11 0:00 0 S
530Rule Zion 1956 only - Jun 3 0:00 1:00 D
531Rule Zion 1956 only - Sep 30 3:00 0 S
532Rule Zion 1957 only - Apr 29 2:00 1:00 D
533Rule Zion 1957 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
534Rule Zion 1974 only - Jul 7 0:00 1:00 D
535Rule Zion 1974 only - Oct 13 0:00 0 S
536Rule Zion 1975 only - Apr 20 0:00 1:00 D
537Rule Zion 1975 only - Aug 31 0:00 0 S
538Rule Zion 1985 only - Apr 14 0:00 1:00 D
539Rule Zion 1985 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S
540Rule Zion 1986 only - May 18 0:00 1:00 D
541Rule Zion 1986 only - Sep 7 0:00 0 S
542Rule Zion 1987 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 D
543Rule Zion 1987 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S
544Rule Zion 1988 only - Apr 9 0:00 1:00 D
545Rule Zion 1988 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S
546
547# From Ephraim Silverberg <ephraim@cs.huji.ac.il>
548# (1997-03-04, 1998-03-16, 1998-12-28, 2000-01-17 and 2000-07-25):
549
550# According to the Office of the Secretary General of the Ministry of
551# Interior, there is NO set rule for Daylight-Savings/Standard time changes.
552# One thing is entrenched in law, however: that there must be at least 150
553# days of daylight savings time annually. From 1993-1998, the change to
554# daylight savings time was on a Friday morning from midnight IST to
555# 1 a.m IDT; up until 1998, the change back to standard time was on a
556# Saturday night from midnight daylight savings time to 11 p.m. standard
557# time. 1996 is an exception to this rule where the change back to standard
558# time took place on Sunday night instead of Saturday night to avoid
559# conflicts with the Jewish New Year. In 1999, the change to
560# daylight savings time was still on a Friday morning but from
561# 2 a.m. IST to 3 a.m. IDT; furthermore, the change back to standard time
562# was also on a Friday morning from 2 a.m. IDT to 1 a.m. IST for
563# 1999 only. In the year 2000, the change to daylight savings time was
564# similar to 1999, but although the change back will be on a Friday, it
565# will take place from 1 a.m. IDT to midnight IST. Starting in 2001, all
566# changes to/from will take place at 1 a.m. old time, but now there is no
567# rule as to what day of the week it will take place in as the start date
568# (except in 2003) is the night after the Passover Seder (i.e. the eve
569# of the 16th of Nisan in the lunar Hebrew calendar) and the end date
570# (except in 2002) is three nights before Yom Kippur [Day of Atonement]
571# (the eve of the 7th of Tishrei in the lunar Hebrew calendar).
572
573# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
574Rule Zion 1989 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D
575Rule Zion 1989 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S
576Rule Zion 1990 only - Mar 25 0:00 1:00 D
577Rule Zion 1990 only - Aug 26 0:00 0 S
578Rule Zion 1991 only - Mar 24 0:00 1:00 D
579Rule Zion 1991 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 S
580Rule Zion 1992 only - Mar 29 0:00 1:00 D
581Rule Zion 1992 only - Sep 6 0:00 0 S
582Rule Zion 1993 only - Apr 2 0:00 1:00 D
583Rule Zion 1993 only - Sep 5 0:00 0 S
584
585# The dates for 1994-1995 were obtained from Office of the Spokeswoman for the
586# Ministry of Interior, Jerusalem, Israel. The spokeswoman can be reached by
587# calling the office directly at 972-2-6701447 or 972-2-6701448.
588
589# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
590Rule Zion 1994 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
591Rule Zion 1994 only - Aug 28 0:00 0 S
592Rule Zion 1995 only - Mar 31 0:00 1:00 D
593Rule Zion 1995 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S
594
595# The dates for 1996 were determined by the Minister of Interior of the
596# time, Haim Ramon. The official announcement regarding 1996-1998
597# (with the dates for 1997-1998 no longer being relevant) can be viewed at:
598#
599# ftp://ftp.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/1996-1998.ramon.ps.gz
600#
601# The dates for 1997-1998 were altered by his successor, Rabbi Eli Suissa.
602#
603# The official announcements for the years 1997-1999 can be viewed at:
604#
605# ftp://ftp.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/YYYY.ps.gz
606#
607# where YYYY is the relevant year.
608
609# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
610Rule Zion 1996 only - Mar 15 0:00 1:00 D
611Rule Zion 1996 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 S
612Rule Zion 1997 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D
613Rule Zion 1997 only - Sep 14 0:00 0 S
614Rule Zion 1998 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 D
615Rule Zion 1998 only - Sep 6 0:00 0 S
616Rule Zion 1999 only - Apr 2 2:00 1:00 D
617Rule Zion 1999 only - Sep 3 2:00 0 S
618
619# The Knesset Interior Committee has changed the dates for 2000 for
620# the third time in just over a year and have set new dates for the
621# years 2001-2004 as well.
622#
623# The official announcement for the start date of 2000 can be viewed at:
624#
625# ftp://ftp.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2000-start.ps.gz
626#
627# The official announcement for the end date of 2000 and the dates
628# for the years 2001-2004 can be viewed at:
629#
630# ftp://ftp.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2000-2004.ps.gz
631
632# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
633Rule Zion 2000 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
634Rule Zion 2000 only - Oct 6 1:00 0 S
635Rule Zion 2001 only - Apr 9 1:00 1:00 D
636Rule Zion 2001 only - Sep 24 1:00 0 S
637Rule Zion 2002 only - Mar 29 1:00 1:00 D
638Rule Zion 2002 only - Oct 7 1:00 0 S
639Rule Zion 2003 only - Mar 28 1:00 1:00 D
640Rule Zion 2003 only - Oct 3 1:00 0 S
641Rule Zion 2004 only - Apr 7 1:00 1:00 D
642Rule Zion 2004 only - Sep 22 1:00 0 S
643
644# From Paul Eggert (2000-07-25):
645# Here are guesses for rules after 2004.
646# They are probably wrong, but they are more likely than no DST at all.
647# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
648Rule Zion 2005 max - Apr 1 1:00 1:00 D
649Rule Zion 2005 max - Oct 1 1:00 0 S
650
651# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
652Zone Asia/Jerusalem 2:20:56 - LMT 1880
653 2:20:40 - JMT 1918 # Jerusalem Mean Time?
654 2:00 Zion I%sT
655
656
657###############################################################################
658
659# Japan
660
661# `9:00' and `JST' is from Guy Harris.
662
663# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1995-03-06):
664# Today's _Asahi Evening News_ (page 4) reports that Japan had
665# daylight saving between 1948 and 1951, but ``the system was discontinued
666# because the public believed it would lead to longer working hours.''
667# Shanks writes that daylight saving in Japan during those years was as follows:
668# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
669#Rule Japan 1948 only - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
670#Rule Japan 1948 1951 - Sep Sat>=8 2:00 0 S
671#Rule Japan 1949 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
672#Rule Japan 1950 1951 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
673# but the only locations using it were US military bases.
674# We go with Shanks and omit daylight saving in those years for Asia/Tokyo.
675
676# From Hideyuki Suzuki (1998-11-09):
677# 'Tokyo' usually stands for the former location of Tokyo Astronomical
678# Observatory: E 139 44' 40".90 (9h 18m 58s.727), N 35 39' 16".0.
679# This data is from 'Rika Nenpyou (Chronological Scientific Tables) 1996'
680# edited by National Astronomical Observatory of Japan....
681# JST (Japan Standard Time) has been used since 1888-01-01 00:00 (JST).
682# The law is enacted on 1886-07-07.
683
684# From Hideyuki Suzuki (1998-11-16):
685# The ordinance No. 51 (1886) established "standard time" in Japan,
686# which stands for the time on E 135 degree.
687# In the ordinance No. 167 (1895), "standard time" was renamed to "central
688# standard time". And the same ordinance also established "western standard
689# time", which stands for the time on E 120 degree.... But "western standard
690# time" was abolished in the ordinance No. 529 (1937). In the ordinance No.
691# 167, there is no mention regarding for what place western standard time is
692# standard....
693#
694# I wrote "ordinance" above, but I don't know how to translate.
695# In Japanese it's "chokurei", which means ordinance from emperor.
696
697# Shanks claims JST in use since 1896, and that a few places (e.g. Ishigaki)
698# use +0800; go with Suzuki. Guess that all ordinances took effect on Jan 1.
699
700# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
701Zone Asia/Tokyo 9:18:59 - LMT 1887 Dec 31 15:00u
702 9:00 - JST 1896
703 9:00 - CJT 1938
704 9:00 - JST
705# Since 1938, all Japanese possessions have been like Asia/Tokyo.
706
707# Jordan
708#
709# From <a href="http://star.arabia.com/990701/JO9.html">
710# Jordan Week (1999-07-01) </a> via Steffen Thorsen (1999-09-09):
711# Clocks in Jordan were forwarded one hour on Wednesday at midnight,
712# in accordance with the government's decision to implement summer time
713# all year round.
714#
715# From <a href="http://star.arabia.com/990930/JO9.html">
716# Jordan Week (1999-09-30) </a> via Steffen Thorsen (1999-11-09):
717# Winter time starts today Thursday, 30 September. Clocks will be turned back
718# by one hour. This is the latest government decision and it's final!
719# The decision was taken because of the increase in working hours in
720# government's departments from six to seven hours.
721#
722# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
723Rule Jordan 1973 only - Jun 6 0:00 1:00 S
724Rule Jordan 1973 1975 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
725Rule Jordan 1974 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
726Rule Jordan 1976 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 -
727Rule Jordan 1977 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
728Rule Jordan 1978 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S
729Rule Jordan 1978 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 -
730Rule Jordan 1985 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
731Rule Jordan 1985 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
732Rule Jordan 1986 1988 - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S
733Rule Jordan 1986 1990 - Oct Fri>=1 0:00 0 -
734Rule Jordan 1989 only - May 8 0:00 1:00 S
735Rule Jordan 1990 only - Apr 27 0:00 1:00 S
736Rule Jordan 1991 only - Apr 17 0:00 1:00 S
737Rule Jordan 1991 only - Sep 27 0:00 0 -
738Rule Jordan 1992 only - Apr 10 0:00 1:00 S
739Rule Jordan 1992 1993 - Oct Fri>=1 0:00 0 -
740Rule Jordan 1993 1998 - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S
741Rule Jordan 1994 only - Sep Fri>=15 0:00 0 -
742Rule Jordan 1995 1998 - Sep Fri>=15 0:00s 0 -
743Rule Jordan 1999 only - Jul 1 0:00s 1:00 S
744Rule Jordan 1999 max - Sep lastThu 0:00s 0 -
745Rule Jordan 2000 max - Mar lastThu 0:00s 1:00 S
746# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
747Zone Asia/Amman 2:23:44 - LMT 1931
748 2:00 Jordan EE%sT
749
750# Kazakhstan
751# From Paul Eggert (1996-11-22):
752# Andrew Evtichov <evti@chevron.com> (1996-04-13) writes that Kazakhstan
753# stayed in sync with Moscow after 1990, and that Aqtobe (formerly Aktyubinsk)
754# and Aqtau (formerly Shevchenko) are the largest cities in their zones.
755# Guess that Aqtau and Aqtobe diverged in 1995, since that's the first time
756# IATA SSIM mentions a third time zone in Kazakhstan.
757#
758# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
759Zone Asia/Almaty 5:07:48 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Alma-Ata
760 5:00 - ALMT 1957 Mar # Alma-Ata Time
761 6:00 RussiaAsia ALM%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
762 5:00 1:00 ALMST 1991 Sep 29 2:00s
763 5:00 - ALMT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
764 6:00 E-EurAsia ALM%sT
765Zone Asia/Aqtobe 3:48:40 - LMT 1924 May 2
766 4:00 - AKT 1957 Mar # Aktyubinsk Time
767 5:00 RussiaAsia AK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
768 4:00 1:00 AKTST 1991 Sep 29 2:00s
769 4:00 - AQTT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s # Aqtobe Time
770 5:00 E-EurAsia AQT%sT
771Zone Asia/Aqtau 3:21:04 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Aktau
772 4:00 - SHET 1957 Mar # Fort Shevchenko Time
773 5:00 RussiaAsia SHE%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
774 4:00 1:00 AQTST 1991 Sep 29 2:00s
775 4:00 - AQTT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s # Aqtau Time
776 5:00 E-EurAsia AQT%sT 1995 Sep lastSun
777 4:00 E-EurAsia AQT%sT
778
779# Kirgizstan
780# Transitions through 1991 are from Shanks.
781# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
782Rule Kirgiz 1992 1996 - Apr Sun>=7 0:00 1:00 S
783Rule Kirgiz 1992 1996 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 -
784Rule Kirgiz 1997 max - Mar lastSun 2:30 1:00 S
785Rule Kirgiz 1997 max - Oct lastSun 2:30 0 -
786# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
787Zone Asia/Bishkek 4:58:24 - LMT 1924 May 2
788 5:00 - FRUT 1930 Jun 21 # Frunze Time
789 6:00 RussiaAsia FRU%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
790 5:00 1:00 FRUST 1991 Aug 31 2:00 # independence
791 5:00 Kirgiz KG%sT # Kirgizstan Time
792
793###############################################################################
794
795# Korea (North and South)
796
797# From Guy Harris:
798# According to someone at the Korean Times in San Francisco,
799# Daylight Savings Time was not observed until 1987. He did not know
800# at what time of day DST starts or ends.
801
802# From Shanks:
803# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
804Rule ROK 1960 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 D
805Rule ROK 1960 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S
806Rule ROK 1987 1988 - May Sun<=14 0:00 1:00 D
807Rule ROK 1987 1988 - Oct Sun<=14 0:00 0 S
808
809# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
810Zone Asia/Seoul 8:27:52 - LMT 1890
811 8:30 - KST 1904 Dec
812 9:00 - KST 1928
813 8:30 - KST 1932
814 9:00 - KST 1954 Mar 21
815 8:00 ROK K%sT 1961 Aug 10
816 8:30 - KST 1968 Oct
817 9:00 ROK K%sT
818Zone Asia/Pyongyang 8:23:00 - LMT 1890
819 8:30 - KST 1904 Dec
820 9:00 - KST 1928
821 8:30 - KST 1932
822 9:00 - KST 1954 Mar 21
823 8:00 - KST 1961 Aug 10
824 9:00 - KST
825
826###############################################################################
827
828# Kuwait
829# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
830Zone Asia/Kuwait 3:11:56 - LMT 1950
831 3:00 - AST
832
833# Laos
834# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
835Zone Asia/Vientiane 6:50:24 - LMT 1906 Jun 9
836 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT?
837 7:00 - ICT 1912 May
838 8:00 - ICT 1931 May
839 7:00 - ICT
840
841# Lebanon
842# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
843Rule Lebanon 1920 only - Mar 28 0:00 1:00 S
844Rule Lebanon 1920 only - Oct 25 0:00 0 -
845Rule Lebanon 1921 only - Apr 3 0:00 1:00 S
846Rule Lebanon 1921 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 -
847Rule Lebanon 1922 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S
848Rule Lebanon 1922 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 -
849Rule Lebanon 1923 only - Apr 22 0:00 1:00 S
850Rule Lebanon 1923 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 -
851Rule Lebanon 1957 1961 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
852Rule Lebanon 1957 1961 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
853Rule Lebanon 1972 only - Jun 22 0:00 1:00 S
854Rule Lebanon 1972 1977 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
855Rule Lebanon 1973 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
856Rule Lebanon 1978 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S
857Rule Lebanon 1978 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 -
858Rule Lebanon 1984 1987 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
859Rule Lebanon 1984 1991 - Oct 16 0:00 0 -
860Rule Lebanon 1988 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S
861Rule Lebanon 1989 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S
862Rule Lebanon 1990 1992 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
863Rule Lebanon 1992 only - Oct 4 0:00 0 -
864Rule Lebanon 1993 max - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
865Rule Lebanon 1993 1998 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 -
866Rule Lebanon 1999 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 -
867# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
868Zone Asia/Beirut 2:22:00 - LMT 1880
869 2:00 Lebanon EE%sT
870
871# Malaysia
872# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
873Rule NBorneo 1935 1941 - Sep 14 0:00 0:20 TS
874Rule NBorneo 1935 1941 - Dec 14 0:00 0 -
875# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
876Zone Asia/Kuala_Lumpur 6:46:48 - LMT 1880
877 6:55:24 - SMT 1905 Jun # Singapore Mean Time
878 7:00 - MALT 1933 # Malaya Time
879 7:20 - MALT 1942 Feb 15
880 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 2
881 7:20 - MALT 1950
882 7:30 - MALT 1982 May
883 8:00 - MYT # Malaysia Time
884Zone Asia/Kuching 7:21:20 - LMT 1926 Mar
885 7:30 - BORT 1933 # Borneo Time
886 8:00 NBorneo BOR%sT 1942
887 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 2
888 8:00 - BORT 1982 May
889 8:00 - MYT
890
891# Maldives
892# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
893Zone Indian/Maldives 4:54:00 - LMT 1880 # Male
894 4:54:00 - MMT 1960 # Male Mean Time
895 5:00 - MVT # Maldives Time
896
897# Mongolia
898
899# Shanks says that Mongolia has three time zones, but usno1995 and the CIA map
900# Standard Time Zones of the World (1997-01)
901# both say that it has just one.
902
903# From Oscar van Vlijmen (1999-12-11):
904# <a href="http://www.mongoliatourism.gov.mn/general.htm">
905# General Information Mongolia
906# </a> (1999-09)
907# "Time: Mongolia has two time zones. Three westernmost provinces of
908# Bayan-Ulgii, Uvs, and Hovd are one hour earlier than the capital city, and
909# the rest of the country follows the Ulaanbaatar time, which is UTC/GMT plus
910# eight hours."
911
912# From Rives McDow (1999-12-13):
913# Mongolia discontinued the use of daylight savings time in 1999; 1998
914# being the last year it was implemented. The dates of implementation I am
915# unsure of, but most probably it was similar to Russia, except for the time
916# of implementation may have been different....
917# Some maps in the past have indicated that there was an additional time
918# zone in the eastern part of Mongolia, including the provinces of Dornod,
919# Suhbaatar, and possibly Khentij.
920
921# From Paul Eggert (1999-12-15):
922# For now, we'll comment out the east zone (Choybalsan)
923# and use Shanks's and the IATA's data for the daylight-saving rules.
924# Naming and spelling is tricky in Mongolia.
925# We'll use Hovd (also spelled Chovd and Khovd) to represent the west zone;
926# the capital of the Hovd province is sometimes called Hovd, sometimes Dund-Us,
927# and sometimes Jirgalanta (with variant spellings), but the name Hovd
928# is good enough for our purposes.
929
930# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
931Rule Mongol 1981 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
932Rule Mongol 1981 1984 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
933Rule Mongol 1985 1990 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 S
934Rule Mongol 1985 1990 - Sep lastSun 3:00 0 -
935Rule Mongol 1991 1998 - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
936Rule Mongol 1991 1995 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 -
937# IATA SSIM (1996-09) says 1996-10-25; go with Shanks.
938Rule Mongol 1996 only - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 -
939Rule Mongol 1997 1998 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 -
940# IATA SSIM (1999-09) says Mongolia no longer observes DST.
941
942# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
943Zone Asia/Hovd 6:06:36 - LMT 1905 Aug
944 6:00 - HOVT 1978 # Hovd Time
945 7:00 Mongol HOV%sT
946Zone Asia/Ulaanbaatar 7:07:32 - LMT 1905 Aug
947 7:00 - ULAT 1978 # Ulaanbaatar Time
948 8:00 Mongol ULA%sT
949# We're not sure about this entry yet, so we'll omit it for now.
950#Zone Asia/Choybalsan 7:38:00 - LMT 1905 Aug
951# 8:00 - CHOT 1978 # Choybalsan Time
952# 9:00 Mongol CHO%sT 19??
953# 8:00 Mongol ULA%sT
954
955# Nepal
956# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
957Zone Asia/Katmandu 5:41:16 - LMT 1920
958 5:30 - IST 1986
959 5:45 - NPT # Nepal Time
960
961# Oman
962# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
963Zone Asia/Muscat 3:54:20 - LMT 1920
964 4:00 - GST
965
966# Pakistan
967# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
968Zone Asia/Karachi 4:28:12 - LMT 1907
969 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep
970 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 15
971 5:30 - IST 1951 Sep 30
972 5:00 - KART 1971 Mar 26 # Karachi Time
973 5:00 - PKT # Pakistan Time
974
975# Palestine
976
977# From Amos Shapir <amos@nsof.co.il> (1998-02-15):
978#
979# From 1917 until 1948-05-15, all of Palestine, including the parts now
980# known as the Gaza Strip and the West Bank, was under British rule.
981# Therefore the rules given for Israel for that period, apply there too...
982#
983# The Gaza Strip was under Egyptian rule between 1948-05-15 until 1967-06-05
984# (except a short occupation by Israel from 1956-11 till 1957-03, but no
985# time zone was affected then). It was never formally annexed to Egypt,
986# though.
987#
988# The rest of Palestine was under Jordanian rule at that time, formally
989# annexed in 1950 as the West Bank (and the word "Trans" was dropped from
990# the country's previous name of "the Hashemite Kingdom of the
991# Trans-Jordan"). So the rules for Jordan for that time apply. Major
992# towns in that area are Nablus (Shchem), El-Halil (Hebron), Ramallah, and
993# East Jerusalem.
994#
995# Both areas were occupied by Israel in June 1967, but not annexed (except
996# for East Jerusalem). They were on Israel time since then; there might
997# have been a Military Governor's order about time zones, but I'm not aware
998# of any (such orders may have been issued semi-annually whenever summer
999# time was in effect, but maybe the legal aspect of time was just neglected).
1000#
1001# The Palestinian Authority was established in 1993, and got hold of most
1002# towns in the West Bank and Gaza by 1995. I know that in order to
1003# demonstrate...independence, they have been switching to
1004# summer time and back on a different schedule than Israel's, but I don't
1005# know when this was started, or what algorithm is used (most likely the
1006# Jordanian one).
1007#
1008# To summarize, the table should probably look something like that:
1009#
1010# Area \ when | 1918-1947 | 1948-1967 | 1967-1995 | 1996-
1011# ------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------
1012# Israel | Zion | Zion | Zion | Zion
1013# West bank | Zion | Jordan | Zion | Jordan
1014# Gaza | Zion | Egypt | Zion | Jordan
1015#
1016# I guess more info may be available from the PA's web page (if/when they
1017# have one).
1018
1019# From Paul Eggert (1998-02-25):
1020# Shanks writes that Gaza did not observe DST until 1957, but we'll go
1021# with Shapir and assume that it observed DST from 1940 through 1947,
1022# and that it used Jordanian rules starting in 1996.
1023# We don't yet need a separate entry for the West Bank, since
1024# the only differences between it and Gaza that we know about
1025# occurred before our cutoff date of 1970.
1026# However, as we get more information, we may need to add entries
1027# for parts of the West Bank as they transitioned from Israel's rules
1028# to Palestine's rules. If you have more info about this, please
1029# send it to tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for incorporation into future editions.
1030
1031# From IINS News Service - Israel - 1998-03-23 10:38:07 Israel time,
1032# forwarded by Ephraim Silverberg:
1033#
1034# Despite the fact that Israel changed over to daylight savings time
1035# last week, the PLO Authority (PA) has decided not to turn its clocks
1036# one-hour forward at this time. As a sign of independence from Israeli rule,
1037# the PA has decided to implement DST in April.
1038
1039# From Paul Eggert (1999-09-20):
1040# Daoud Kuttab writes in
1041# <a href="http://www.jpost.com/com/Archive/22.Apr.1999/Opinion/Article-2.html">
1042# Holiday havoc
1043# </a> (Jerusalem Post, 1999-04-22) that
1044# the Palestinian National Authority changed to DST on 1999-04-15.
1045# I vaguely recall that they switch back in October (sorry, forgot the source).
1046# For now, let's assume that the spring switch was at 24:00,
1047# and that they switch at 0:00 on the 3rd Fridays of April and October.
1048
1049# The rules for Egypt are stolen from the `africa' file.
1050# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1051Rule EgyptAsia 1957 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S
1052Rule EgyptAsia 1957 1958 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
1053Rule EgyptAsia 1958 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
1054Rule EgyptAsia 1959 1967 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S
1055Rule EgyptAsia 1959 1965 - Sep 30 3:00 0 -
1056Rule EgyptAsia 1966 only - Oct 1 3:00 0 -
1057
1058Rule Palestine 1999 max - Apr Fri>=15 0:00 1:00 S
1059Rule Palestine 1999 max - Oct Fri>=15 0:00 0 -
1060
1061# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1062Zone Asia/Gaza 2:17:52 - LMT 1900 Oct
1063 2:00 Zion EET 1948 May 15
1064 2:00 EgyptAsia EE%sT 1967 Jun 5
1065 2:00 Zion I%sT 1996
1066 2:00 Jordan EE%sT 1999
1067 2:00 Palestine EE%sT
1068
1069# Paracel Is
1070# no information
1071
1072# Philippines
1073# Howse writes (p 153) that until 1844 the Philippines kept American date.
1074# The rest of this data is from Shanks.
1075# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1076Rule Phil 1936 only - Nov 1 0:00 1:00 S
1077Rule Phil 1937 only - Feb 1 0:00 0 -
1078Rule Phil 1954 only - Apr 12 0:00 1:00 S
1079Rule Phil 1954 only - Jul 1 0:00 0 -
1080Rule Phil 1978 only - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 S
1081Rule Phil 1978 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 -
1082# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1083Zone Asia/Manila -15:56:00 - LMT 1844
1084 8:04:00 - LMT 1899 May 11
1085 8:00 Phil PH%sT 1942 May
1086 9:00 - JST 1944 Nov
1087 8:00 Phil PH%sT
1088
1089# Qatar
1090# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1091Zone Asia/Qatar 3:26:08 - LMT 1920 # Al Dawhah
1092 4:00 - GST 1972 Jun
1093 3:00 - AST
1094
1095# Saudi Arabia
1096# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1097Zone Asia/Riyadh 3:06:52 - LMT 1950
1098 3:00 - AST
1099
1100# Singapore
1101# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1102Zone Asia/Singapore 6:55:24 - LMT 1880
1103 6:55:24 - SMT 1905 Jun # Singapore Mean Time
1104 7:00 - MALT 1933 # Malaya Time
1105 7:20 - MALT 1942 Feb 15
1106 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 2
1107 7:20 - MALT 1950
1108 7:30 - MALT 1965 Aug 9 # independence
1109 7:30 - SGT 1982 May # Singapore Time
1110 8:00 - SGT
1111
1112# Spratly Is
1113# no information
1114
1115# Sri Lanka
1116# From Paul Eggert (1996-09-03):
1117# "Sri Lanka advances clock by an hour to avoid blackout"
1118# (www.virtual-pc.com/lankaweb/news/items/240596-2.html, 1996-05-24,
1119# no longer available as of 1999-08-17)
1120# reported ``the country's standard time will be put forward by one hour at
1121# midnight Friday (1830 GMT) `in the light of the present power crisis'.''
1122#
1123# From Dharmasiri Senanayake, Sri Lanka Media Minister (1996-10-24), as quoted
1124# by Shamindra in
1125# <a href="news:54rka5$m5h@mtinsc01-mgt.ops.worldnet.att.net">
1126# Daily News - Hot News Section (1996-10-26)
1127# </a>:
1128# With effect from 12.30 a.m. on 26th October 1996
1129# Sri Lanka will be six (06) hours ahead of GMT.
1130
1131# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1132Zone Asia/Colombo 5:19:24 - LMT 1880
1133 5:19:32 - MMT 1906 # Moratuwa Mean Time
1134 5:30 - IST 1942 Jan 5
1135 5:30 0:30 IHST 1942 Sep
1136 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 16 2:00
1137 5:30 - IST 1996 May 25 0:00
1138 6:30 - LKT 1996 Oct 26 0:30
1139 6:00 - LKT
1140
1141# Syria
1142# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1143Rule Syria 1920 1923 - Apr Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 S
1144Rule Syria 1920 1923 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 0 -
1145Rule Syria 1962 only - Apr 29 2:00 1:00 S
1146Rule Syria 1962 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 -
1147Rule Syria 1963 1965 - May 1 2:00 1:00 S
1148Rule Syria 1963 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 -
1149Rule Syria 1964 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 -
1150Rule Syria 1965 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 -
1151Rule Syria 1966 only - Apr 24 2:00 1:00 S
1152Rule Syria 1966 1976 - Oct 1 2:00 0 -
1153Rule Syria 1967 1978 - May 1 2:00 1:00 S
1154Rule Syria 1977 1978 - Sep 1 2:00 0 -
1155Rule Syria 1983 1984 - Apr 9 2:00 1:00 S
1156Rule Syria 1983 1984 - Oct 1 2:00 0 -
1157Rule Syria 1986 only - Feb 16 2:00 1:00 S
1158Rule Syria 1986 only - Oct 9 2:00 0 -
1159Rule Syria 1987 only - Mar 1 2:00 1:00 S
1160Rule Syria 1987 1988 - Oct 31 2:00 0 -
1161Rule Syria 1988 only - Mar 15 2:00 1:00 S
1162Rule Syria 1989 only - Mar 31 2:00 1:00 S
1163Rule Syria 1989 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 -
1164Rule Syria 1990 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 S
1165Rule Syria 1990 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 -
1166Rule Syria 1991 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
1167Rule Syria 1991 1992 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
1168Rule Syria 1992 only - Apr 8 0:00 1:00 S
1169Rule Syria 1993 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S
1170Rule Syria 1993 only - Sep 25 0:00 0 -
1171# IATA SSIM (1998-02) says 1998-04-02;
1172# (1998-09) says 1999-03-29 and 1999-09-29; (1999-02) says 1999-04-02,
1173# 2000-04-02, and 2001-04-02; (1999-09) says 2000-03-31 and 2001-03-31;
1174# ignore all these claims and go with Shanks.
1175Rule Syria 1994 1996 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
1176Rule Syria 1994 max - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
1177Rule Syria 1997 1998 - Mar lastMon 0:00 1:00 S
1178Rule Syria 1999 max - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
1179# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1180Zone Asia/Damascus 2:25:12 - LMT 1920
1181 2:00 Syria EE%sT
1182
1183# Tajikistan
1184# From Shanks.
1185# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1186Zone Asia/Dushanbe 4:35:12 - LMT 1924 May 2
1187 5:00 - DUST 1930 Jun 21 # Dushanbe Time
1188 6:00 RussiaAsia DUS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
1189 5:00 1:00 DUSST 1991 Sep 9 2:00s
1190 5:00 - TJT # Tajikistan Time
1191
1192# Thailand
1193# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1194Zone Asia/Bangkok 6:42:04 - LMT 1880
1195 6:42:04 - BMT 1920 Apr # Bangkok Mean Time
1196 7:00 - ICT
1197
1198# Turkmenistan
1199# From Shanks.
1200# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1201Zone Asia/Ashkhabad 3:53:32 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Ashgabat
1202 4:00 - ASHT 1930 Jun 21 # Ashkhabad Time
1203 5:00 RussiaAsia ASH%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00
1204 4:00 RussiaAsia ASH%sT 1991 Oct 27 # independence
1205 4:00 RussiaAsia TM%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00
1206 5:00 - TMT
1207
1208# United Arab Emirates
1209# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1210Zone Asia/Dubai 3:41:12 - LMT 1920
1211 4:00 - GST
1212
1213# Uzbekistan
1214# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1215Zone Asia/Samarkand 4:27:12 - LMT 1924 May 2
1216 4:00 - SAMT 1930 Jun 21 # Samarkand Time
1217 5:00 - SAMT 1981 Apr 1
1218 5:00 1:00 SAMST 1981 Oct 1
1219 6:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00 # Tashkent Time
1220 5:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Sep 1 # independence
1221 5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1992
1222 5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1993
1223 5:00 - UZT
1224Zone Asia/Tashkent 4:37:12 - LMT 1924 May 2
1225 5:00 - TAST 1930 Jun 21 # Tashkent Time
1226 6:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
1227 5:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Sep 1 # independence
1228 5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1992
1229 5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1993
1230 5:00 - UZT
1231
1232# Vietnam
1233# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1993-11-18):
1234# Saigon's official name is Thanh-Pho Ho Chi Minh, but it's too long.
1235# We'll stick with the traditional name for now.
1236# From Shanks:
1237# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1238Zone Asia/Saigon 7:06:40 - LMT 1906 Jun 9
1239 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT?
1240 7:00 - ICT 1912 May
1241 8:00 - ICT 1931 May
1242 7:00 - ICT
1243
1244# Yemen
1245# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1246Zone Asia/Aden 3:00:48 - LMT 1950
1247 3:00 - AST