1/* 2 * Copyright (c) 1987, 1991, 1993 3 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 4 * 5 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 6 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 7 * are met: 8 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 9 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 10 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 11 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 12 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 13 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 14 * must display the following acknowledgement: 15 * This product includes software developed by the University of 16 * California, Berkeley and its contributors. 17 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 18 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 19 * without specific prior written permission. 20 * 21 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 22 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 23 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 24 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 25 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 26 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 27 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 28 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 29 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 30 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 31 * SUCH DAMAGE. 32 * 33 * @(#)kern_malloc.c 8.3 (Berkeley) 1/4/94
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35 */ 36 37#include "opt_vm.h" 38 39#include <sys/param.h> 40#include <sys/systm.h> 41#include <sys/kernel.h> 42#define MALLOC_INSTANTIATE 43#include <sys/malloc.h> 44#include <sys/mbuf.h> 45#include <sys/vmmeter.h> 46#include <sys/lock.h> 47 48#include <vm/vm.h> 49#include <vm/vm_param.h> 50#include <vm/vm_kern.h> 51#include <vm/vm_extern.h> 52#include <vm/pmap.h> 53#include <vm/vm_map.h> 54 55static void kmeminit __P((void *)); 56SYSINIT(kmem, SI_SUB_KMEM, SI_ORDER_FIRST, kmeminit, NULL) 57 58static MALLOC_DEFINE(M_FREE, "free", "should be on free list"); 59 60static struct malloc_type *kmemstatistics; 61static struct kmembuckets bucket[MINBUCKET + 16]; 62static struct kmemusage *kmemusage; 63static char *kmembase; 64static char *kmemlimit; 65static int vm_kmem_size; 66 67#ifdef INVARIANTS 68/* 69 * This structure provides a set of masks to catch unaligned frees. 70 */ 71static long addrmask[] = { 0, 72 0x00000001, 0x00000003, 0x00000007, 0x0000000f, 73 0x0000001f, 0x0000003f, 0x0000007f, 0x000000ff, 74 0x000001ff, 0x000003ff, 0x000007ff, 0x00000fff, 75 0x00001fff, 0x00003fff, 0x00007fff, 0x0000ffff, 76}; 77 78/* 79 * The WEIRD_ADDR is used as known text to copy into free objects so 80 * that modifications after frees can be detected. 81 */ 82#define WEIRD_ADDR 0xdeadc0de 83#define MAX_COPY 64 84 85/* 86 * Normally the first word of the structure is used to hold the list 87 * pointer for free objects. However, when running with diagnostics, 88 * we use the third and fourth fields, so as to catch modifications 89 * in the most commonly trashed first two words. 90 */ 91struct freelist { 92 long spare0; 93 struct malloc_type *type; 94 long spare1; 95 caddr_t next; 96}; 97#else /* !INVARIANTS */ 98struct freelist { 99 caddr_t next; 100}; 101#endif /* INVARIANTS */ 102 103/* 104 * malloc: 105 * 106 * Allocate a block of memory. 107 * 108 * If M_NOWAIT is set, this routine will not block and return NULL if 109 * the allocation fails. 110 * 111 * If M_ASLEEP is set (M_NOWAIT must also be set), this routine 112 * will have the side effect of calling asleep() if it returns NULL, 113 * allowing the parent to await() at some future time. 114 */ 115void * 116malloc(size, type, flags) 117 unsigned long size; 118 struct malloc_type *type; 119 int flags; 120{ 121 register struct kmembuckets *kbp; 122 register struct kmemusage *kup; 123 register struct freelist *freep; 124 long indx, npg, allocsize; 125 int s; 126 caddr_t va, cp, savedlist; 127#ifdef INVARIANTS 128 long *end, *lp; 129 int copysize; 130 const char *savedtype; 131#endif 132 register struct malloc_type *ksp = type; 133 134 /* 135 * Must be at splmem() prior to initializing segment to handle 136 * potential initialization race. 137 */ 138 139 s = splmem(); 140 141 if (!type->ks_next) { 142 malloc_init(type); 143 } 144 145 indx = BUCKETINDX(size); 146 kbp = &bucket[indx]; 147 148 while (ksp->ks_memuse >= ksp->ks_limit) { 149 if (flags & M_ASLEEP) { 150 if (ksp->ks_limblocks < 65535) 151 ksp->ks_limblocks++; 152 asleep((caddr_t)ksp, PSWP+2, type->ks_shortdesc, 0); 153 } 154 if (flags & M_NOWAIT) { 155 splx(s); 156 return ((void *) NULL); 157 } 158 if (ksp->ks_limblocks < 65535) 159 ksp->ks_limblocks++; 160 tsleep((caddr_t)ksp, PSWP+2, type->ks_shortdesc, 0); 161 } 162 ksp->ks_size |= 1 << indx; 163#ifdef INVARIANTS 164 copysize = 1 << indx < MAX_COPY ? 1 << indx : MAX_COPY; 165#endif 166 if (kbp->kb_next == NULL) { 167 kbp->kb_last = NULL; 168 if (size > MAXALLOCSAVE) 169 allocsize = roundup(size, PAGE_SIZE); 170 else 171 allocsize = 1 << indx; 172 npg = btoc(allocsize); 173 va = (caddr_t) kmem_malloc(kmem_map, (vm_size_t)ctob(npg), flags); 174 if (va == NULL) { 175 splx(s); 176 return ((void *) NULL); 177 } 178 kbp->kb_total += kbp->kb_elmpercl; 179 kup = btokup(va); 180 kup->ku_indx = indx; 181 if (allocsize > MAXALLOCSAVE) { 182 if (npg > 65535) 183 panic("malloc: allocation too large"); 184 kup->ku_pagecnt = npg; 185 ksp->ks_memuse += allocsize; 186 goto out; 187 } 188 kup->ku_freecnt = kbp->kb_elmpercl; 189 kbp->kb_totalfree += kbp->kb_elmpercl; 190 /* 191 * Just in case we blocked while allocating memory, 192 * and someone else also allocated memory for this 193 * bucket, don't assume the list is still empty. 194 */ 195 savedlist = kbp->kb_next; 196 kbp->kb_next = cp = va + (npg * PAGE_SIZE) - allocsize; 197 for (;;) { 198 freep = (struct freelist *)cp; 199#ifdef INVARIANTS 200 /* 201 * Copy in known text to detect modification 202 * after freeing. 203 */ 204 end = (long *)&cp[copysize]; 205 for (lp = (long *)cp; lp < end; lp++) 206 *lp = WEIRD_ADDR; 207 freep->type = M_FREE; 208#endif /* INVARIANTS */ 209 if (cp <= va) 210 break; 211 cp -= allocsize; 212 freep->next = cp; 213 } 214 freep->next = savedlist; 215 if (kbp->kb_last == NULL) 216 kbp->kb_last = (caddr_t)freep; 217 } 218 va = kbp->kb_next; 219 kbp->kb_next = ((struct freelist *)va)->next; 220#ifdef INVARIANTS 221 freep = (struct freelist *)va; 222 savedtype = (const char *) type->ks_shortdesc; 223#if BYTE_ORDER == BIG_ENDIAN 224 freep->type = (struct malloc_type *)WEIRD_ADDR >> 16; 225#endif 226#if BYTE_ORDER == LITTLE_ENDIAN 227 freep->type = (struct malloc_type *)WEIRD_ADDR; 228#endif 229 if ((intptr_t)(void *)&freep->next & 0x2) 230 freep->next = (caddr_t)((WEIRD_ADDR >> 16)|(WEIRD_ADDR << 16)); 231 else 232 freep->next = (caddr_t)WEIRD_ADDR; 233 end = (long *)&va[copysize]; 234 for (lp = (long *)va; lp < end; lp++) { 235 if (*lp == WEIRD_ADDR) 236 continue; 237 printf("%s %ld of object %p size %lu %s %s (0x%lx != 0x%lx)\n", 238 "Data modified on freelist: word", 239 (long)(lp - (long *)va), (void *)va, size, 240 "previous type", savedtype, *lp, (u_long)WEIRD_ADDR); 241 break; 242 } 243 freep->spare0 = 0; 244#endif /* INVARIANTS */ 245 kup = btokup(va); 246 if (kup->ku_indx != indx) 247 panic("malloc: wrong bucket"); 248 if (kup->ku_freecnt == 0) 249 panic("malloc: lost data"); 250 kup->ku_freecnt--; 251 kbp->kb_totalfree--; 252 ksp->ks_memuse += 1 << indx; 253out: 254 kbp->kb_calls++; 255 ksp->ks_inuse++; 256 ksp->ks_calls++; 257 if (ksp->ks_memuse > ksp->ks_maxused) 258 ksp->ks_maxused = ksp->ks_memuse; 259 splx(s); 260 return ((void *) va); 261} 262 263/* 264 * free: 265 * 266 * Free a block of memory allocated by malloc. 267 * 268 * This routine may not block. 269 */ 270void 271free(addr, type) 272 void *addr; 273 struct malloc_type *type; 274{ 275 register struct kmembuckets *kbp; 276 register struct kmemusage *kup; 277 register struct freelist *freep; 278 long size; 279 int s; 280#ifdef INVARIANTS 281 struct freelist *fp; 282 long *end, *lp, alloc, copysize; 283#endif 284 register struct malloc_type *ksp = type; 285 286 if (!type->ks_next) 287 panic("freeing with unknown type (%s)", type->ks_shortdesc); 288 289 KASSERT(kmembase <= (char *)addr && (char *)addr < kmemlimit, 290 ("free: address %p out of range", (void *)addr)); 291 kup = btokup(addr); 292 size = 1 << kup->ku_indx; 293 kbp = &bucket[kup->ku_indx]; 294 s = splmem(); 295#ifdef INVARIANTS 296 /* 297 * Check for returns of data that do not point to the 298 * beginning of the allocation. 299 */ 300 if (size > PAGE_SIZE) 301 alloc = addrmask[BUCKETINDX(PAGE_SIZE)]; 302 else 303 alloc = addrmask[kup->ku_indx]; 304 if (((uintptr_t)(void *)addr & alloc) != 0) 305 panic("free: unaligned addr %p, size %ld, type %s, mask %ld", 306 (void *)addr, size, type->ks_shortdesc, alloc); 307#endif /* INVARIANTS */ 308 if (size > MAXALLOCSAVE) { 309 kmem_free(kmem_map, (vm_offset_t)addr, ctob(kup->ku_pagecnt)); 310 size = kup->ku_pagecnt << PAGE_SHIFT; 311 ksp->ks_memuse -= size; 312 kup->ku_indx = 0; 313 kup->ku_pagecnt = 0; 314 if (ksp->ks_memuse + size >= ksp->ks_limit && 315 ksp->ks_memuse < ksp->ks_limit) 316 wakeup((caddr_t)ksp); 317 ksp->ks_inuse--; 318 kbp->kb_total -= 1; 319 splx(s); 320 return; 321 } 322 freep = (struct freelist *)addr; 323#ifdef INVARIANTS 324 /* 325 * Check for multiple frees. Use a quick check to see if 326 * it looks free before laboriously searching the freelist. 327 */ 328 if (freep->spare0 == WEIRD_ADDR) { 329 fp = (struct freelist *)kbp->kb_next; 330 while (fp) { 331 if (fp->spare0 != WEIRD_ADDR) 332 panic("free: free item %p modified", fp); 333 else if (addr == (caddr_t)fp) 334 panic("free: multiple freed item %p", addr); 335 fp = (struct freelist *)fp->next; 336 } 337 } 338 /* 339 * Copy in known text to detect modification after freeing 340 * and to make it look free. Also, save the type being freed 341 * so we can list likely culprit if modification is detected 342 * when the object is reallocated. 343 */ 344 copysize = size < MAX_COPY ? size : MAX_COPY; 345 end = (long *)&((caddr_t)addr)[copysize]; 346 for (lp = (long *)addr; lp < end; lp++) 347 *lp = WEIRD_ADDR; 348 freep->type = type; 349#endif /* INVARIANTS */ 350 kup->ku_freecnt++;
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357 kbp->kb_totalfree++; 358 ksp->ks_memuse -= size; 359 if (ksp->ks_memuse + size >= ksp->ks_limit && 360 ksp->ks_memuse < ksp->ks_limit) 361 wakeup((caddr_t)ksp); 362 ksp->ks_inuse--; 363#ifdef OLD_MALLOC_MEMORY_POLICY 364 if (kbp->kb_next == NULL) 365 kbp->kb_next = addr; 366 else 367 ((struct freelist *)kbp->kb_last)->next = addr; 368 freep->next = NULL; 369 kbp->kb_last = addr; 370#else 371 /* 372 * Return memory to the head of the queue for quick reuse. This 373 * can improve performance by improving the probability of the 374 * item being in the cache when it is reused. 375 */ 376 if (kbp->kb_next == NULL) { 377 kbp->kb_next = addr; 378 kbp->kb_last = addr; 379 freep->next = NULL; 380 } else { 381 freep->next = kbp->kb_next; 382 kbp->kb_next = addr; 383 } 384#endif 385 splx(s); 386} 387 388/* 389 * Initialize the kernel memory allocator 390 */ 391/* ARGSUSED*/ 392static void 393kmeminit(dummy) 394 void *dummy; 395{ 396 register long indx; 397 int npg; 398 int mem_size; 399 int xvm_kmem_size; 400 401#if ((MAXALLOCSAVE & (MAXALLOCSAVE - 1)) != 0) 402#error "kmeminit: MAXALLOCSAVE not power of 2" 403#endif 404#if (MAXALLOCSAVE > MINALLOCSIZE * 32768) 405#error "kmeminit: MAXALLOCSAVE too big" 406#endif 407#if (MAXALLOCSAVE < PAGE_SIZE) 408#error "kmeminit: MAXALLOCSAVE too small" 409#endif 410 411 /* 412 * Try to auto-tune the kernel memory size, so that it is 413 * more applicable for a wider range of machine sizes. 414 * On an X86, a VM_KMEM_SIZE_SCALE value of 4 is good, while 415 * a VM_KMEM_SIZE of 12MB is a fair compromise. The 416 * VM_KMEM_SIZE_MAX is dependent on the maximum KVA space 417 * available, and on an X86 with a total KVA space of 256MB, 418 * try to keep VM_KMEM_SIZE_MAX at 80MB or below. 419 * 420 * Note that the kmem_map is also used by the zone allocator, 421 * so make sure that there is enough space. 422 */ 423 vm_kmem_size = VM_KMEM_SIZE; 424 mem_size = cnt.v_page_count * PAGE_SIZE; 425 426#if defined(VM_KMEM_SIZE_SCALE) 427 if ((mem_size / VM_KMEM_SIZE_SCALE) > vm_kmem_size) 428 vm_kmem_size = mem_size / VM_KMEM_SIZE_SCALE; 429#endif 430 431#if defined(VM_KMEM_SIZE_MAX) 432 if (vm_kmem_size >= VM_KMEM_SIZE_MAX) 433 vm_kmem_size = VM_KMEM_SIZE_MAX; 434#endif 435 436 /* Allow final override from the kernel environment */ 437 if (getenv_int("kern.vm.kmem.size", &xvm_kmem_size)) 438 vm_kmem_size = xvm_kmem_size; 439 440 if (vm_kmem_size > 2 * (cnt.v_page_count * PAGE_SIZE)) 441 vm_kmem_size = 2 * (cnt.v_page_count * PAGE_SIZE); 442 443 npg = (nmbufs * MSIZE + nmbclusters * MCLBYTES + vm_kmem_size) 444 / PAGE_SIZE; 445 446 kmemusage = (struct kmemusage *) kmem_alloc(kernel_map, 447 (vm_size_t)(npg * sizeof(struct kmemusage))); 448 kmem_map = kmem_suballoc(kernel_map, (vm_offset_t *)&kmembase, 449 (vm_offset_t *)&kmemlimit, (vm_size_t)(npg * PAGE_SIZE)); 450 kmem_map->system_map = 1; 451 for (indx = 0; indx < MINBUCKET + 16; indx++) { 452 if (1 << indx >= PAGE_SIZE) 453 bucket[indx].kb_elmpercl = 1; 454 else 455 bucket[indx].kb_elmpercl = PAGE_SIZE / (1 << indx); 456 bucket[indx].kb_highwat = 5 * bucket[indx].kb_elmpercl; 457 } 458} 459 460void 461malloc_init(data) 462 void *data; 463{ 464 struct malloc_type *type = (struct malloc_type *)data; 465 466 if (type->ks_magic != M_MAGIC) 467 panic("malloc type lacks magic"); 468 469 if (type->ks_next) 470 return; 471 472 if (cnt.v_page_count == 0) 473 panic("malloc_init not allowed before vm init"); 474 475 /* 476 * The default limits for each malloc region is 1/2 of the 477 * malloc portion of the kmem map size. 478 */ 479 type->ks_limit = vm_kmem_size / 2; 480 type->ks_next = kmemstatistics; 481 kmemstatistics = type; 482} 483 484void 485malloc_uninit(data) 486 void *data; 487{ 488 struct malloc_type *type = (struct malloc_type *)data; 489 struct malloc_type *t; 490 491 if (type->ks_magic != M_MAGIC) 492 panic("malloc type lacks magic"); 493 494 if (cnt.v_page_count == 0) 495 panic("malloc_uninit not allowed before vm init"); 496 497 if (type == kmemstatistics) 498 kmemstatistics = type->ks_next; 499 else { 500 for (t = kmemstatistics; t->ks_next != NULL; t = t->ks_next) { 501 if (t->ks_next == type) { 502 t->ks_next = type->ks_next; 503 break; 504 } 505 } 506 } 507}
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