Deleted Added
full compact
vt.4 (273511) vt.4 (274865)
1.\" Copyright (c) 2014 Warren Block
2.\" All rights reserved.
3.\"
4.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
5.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
6.\" are met:
7.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
8.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
9.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
10.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
11.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
12.\"
13.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHORS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
14.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
15.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
16.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
17.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
18.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
19.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
20.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
21.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
22.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
23.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
24.\"
1.\" Copyright (c) 2014 Warren Block
2.\" All rights reserved.
3.\"
4.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
5.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
6.\" are met:
7.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
8.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
9.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
10.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
11.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
12.\"
13.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHORS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
14.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
15.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
16.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
17.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
18.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
19.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
20.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
21.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
22.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
23.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
24.\"
25.\" $FreeBSD: stable/10/share/man/man4/vt.4 273511 2014-10-23 02:18:23Z emaste $
25.\" $FreeBSD: stable/10/share/man/man4/vt.4 274865 2014-11-22 17:37:51Z dumbbell $
26.\"
27.Dd October 20, 2014
28.Dt "VIRTUAL TERMINALS" 4
29.Os
30.Sh NAME
31.Nm vt
32.Nd virtual terminal console driver
33.Sh SYNOPSIS
34.Cd "options TERMINAL_KERN_ATTR=_attribute_"
35.Cd "options TERMINAL_NORM_ATTR=_attribute_"
36.Cd "options VT_MAXWINDOWS=N"
37.Cd "options VT_ALT_TO_ESC_HACK=1"
38.Cd "options VT_TWOBUTTON_MOUSE"
39.Cd "options VT_FB_DEFAULT_WIDTH=X"
40.Cd "options VT_FB_DEFAULT_HEIGHT=Y"
41.Cd "options SC_NO_CUTPASTE"
42.Cd "device vt"
43.Pp
44In
45.Xr loader.conf 5 :
46.Cd hw.vga.textmode=1
47.Cd kern.vty=vt
26.\"
27.Dd October 20, 2014
28.Dt "VIRTUAL TERMINALS" 4
29.Os
30.Sh NAME
31.Nm vt
32.Nd virtual terminal console driver
33.Sh SYNOPSIS
34.Cd "options TERMINAL_KERN_ATTR=_attribute_"
35.Cd "options TERMINAL_NORM_ATTR=_attribute_"
36.Cd "options VT_MAXWINDOWS=N"
37.Cd "options VT_ALT_TO_ESC_HACK=1"
38.Cd "options VT_TWOBUTTON_MOUSE"
39.Cd "options VT_FB_DEFAULT_WIDTH=X"
40.Cd "options VT_FB_DEFAULT_HEIGHT=Y"
41.Cd "options SC_NO_CUTPASTE"
42.Cd "device vt"
43.Pp
44In
45.Xr loader.conf 5 :
46.Cd hw.vga.textmode=1
47.Cd kern.vty=vt
48.Cd kern.vt.fb.default_mode="<X>x<Y>"
49.Cd kern.vt.fb.modes.<connector>="<X>x<Y>"
48.Pp
49In
50.Xr loader.conf 5 or
51.Xr sysctl.conf 5 :
52.Cd kern.vt.kbd_halt=1
53.Cd kern.vt.kbd_poweroff=1
54.Cd kern.vt.kbd_reboot=1
55.Cd kern.vt.kbd_debug=1
56.Cd kern.vt.kbd_panic=0
57.Sh DESCRIPTION
58The
59.Nm
60device provides multiple virtual terminals with an extensive feature
61set:
62.Bl -item -offset indent
63.It
64Unicode UTF-8 text with double-width characters.
65.It
66Large font maps in graphics mode, including support for Asian
67character sets.
68.It
69Graphics-mode consoles.
70.It
71Integration with
72KMS
73.Pq Kernel Mode Setting
74video drivers for switching between the
75.Em X Window System
76and virtual terminals.
77.El
78.Ss Virtual Terminals
79Multiple virtual terminals are provided on a single computer.
80Up to sixteen virtual terminals can be defined.
81A single virtual terminal is connected to the screen and keyboard
82at a time.
83Key combinations are used to select a virtual terminal.
84Alt-F1 through Alt-F12 correspond to the first twelve virtual terminals.
85If more than twelve virtual terminals are created, Shift-Alt-F1 through
86Shift-Alt-F4 are used to switch to the additional terminals.
87.Ss Copying and Pasting Text with a Mouse
88Copying and pasting text from the screen with a mouse is supported.
89Press and hold down mouse button 1, usually the left button, while
90moving the mouse to select text.
91Selected text is highlighted with reversed foreground and background
92colors.
93To select more text after releasing mouse button 1, press mouse button
943, usually the right button.
95To paste text that has been selected, press mouse button 2, usually the
96middle button.
97The text is entered as if it were typed at the keyboard.
98The
99.Dv VT_TWOBUTTON_MOUSE
100kernel option can be used with mice that only have two buttons.
101Setting this option makes the second mouse button into the
102paste button.
103See
104.Xr moused 8
105for more information.
106.Ss Scrolling Back
107Output that has scrolled off the screen can be reviewed by pressing the
108Scroll Lock key, then scrolling up and down with the arrow keys.
109The Page Up and Page Down keys scroll up or down a full screen at a
110time.
111The Home and End keys jump to the beginning or end of the scrollback
112buffer.
113When finished reviewing, press the Scroll Lock key again to return to
114normal use.
115.Sh DRIVER CONFIGURATION
116.Ss Kernel Configuration Options
117These kernel options control the
118.Nm
119driver.
120.Bl -tag -width MAXCONS
121.It Dv TERMINAL_NORM_ATTR= Ns Pa attribute
122.It Dv TERMINAL_KERN_ATTR= Ns Pa attribute
123These options allow changing the default colors used for normal and kernel
124text.
125Available colors are defined in
126.In sys/terminal.h .
127See
128.Sx EXAMPLES
129below.
130.It Dv VT_MAXWINDOWS=N
131Set the number of virtual terminals to be created to
132.Fa N .
133The value defaults to 12.
134.It Dv VT_ALT_TO_ESC_HACK=1
135When the Alt key is held down while pressing another key, send an ESC
136sequence instead of the Alt key.
137.It Dv VT_TWOBUTTON_MOUSE
138If defined, swap the functions of mouse buttons 2 and 3.
139In effect, this makes the right-hand mouse button perform a paste.
140These options are checked in the order shown.
141.It Dv SC_NO_CUTPASTE
142Disable mouse support.
143.It VT_FB_DEFAULT_WIDTH=X
144Set the default width to
145.Fa X .
146.It VT_FB_DEFAULT_HEIGHT=Y
147Set the default height to
148.Fa Y .
149.El
150.Sh BACKWARDS COMPATIBILITY
151Several options are provided for compatibility with the previous
152console device,
153.Xr sc 4 .
154These options will be removed in a future
155.Fx
156version.
157.Bl -column -offset indent ".Sy vt VT_TWOBUTTON_MOUSE" ".Sy SC_TWOBUTTON_MOUSE"
158.It Sy vt Option Name Ta Sy sc Option Name
159.It Dv TERMINAL_KERN_ATTR Ta Dv SC_KERNEL_CONS_ATTR
160.It Dv TERMINAL_NORM_ATTR Ta Dv SC_NORM_ATTR
161.It Dv VT_TWOBUTTON_MOUSE Ta Dv SC_TWOBUTTON_MOUSE
162.It Dv VT_MAXWINDOWS Ta Dv MAXCONS
163.It none Ta Dv SC_NO_CUTPASTE
164.El
165.Sh START-UP OPERATION WITH X86 BIOS SYSTEMS
166The computer BIOS starts in text mode, and
167the
168.Fx
169.Xr loader 8
170runs, loading the kernel.
171If
172.Va hw.vga.textmode
173is set, the system remains in text mode.
174Otherwise,
175.Nm
176switches to 640x480x16 VGA mode using
177.Cm vt_vga .
178If a KMS
50.Pp
51In
52.Xr loader.conf 5 or
53.Xr sysctl.conf 5 :
54.Cd kern.vt.kbd_halt=1
55.Cd kern.vt.kbd_poweroff=1
56.Cd kern.vt.kbd_reboot=1
57.Cd kern.vt.kbd_debug=1
58.Cd kern.vt.kbd_panic=0
59.Sh DESCRIPTION
60The
61.Nm
62device provides multiple virtual terminals with an extensive feature
63set:
64.Bl -item -offset indent
65.It
66Unicode UTF-8 text with double-width characters.
67.It
68Large font maps in graphics mode, including support for Asian
69character sets.
70.It
71Graphics-mode consoles.
72.It
73Integration with
74KMS
75.Pq Kernel Mode Setting
76video drivers for switching between the
77.Em X Window System
78and virtual terminals.
79.El
80.Ss Virtual Terminals
81Multiple virtual terminals are provided on a single computer.
82Up to sixteen virtual terminals can be defined.
83A single virtual terminal is connected to the screen and keyboard
84at a time.
85Key combinations are used to select a virtual terminal.
86Alt-F1 through Alt-F12 correspond to the first twelve virtual terminals.
87If more than twelve virtual terminals are created, Shift-Alt-F1 through
88Shift-Alt-F4 are used to switch to the additional terminals.
89.Ss Copying and Pasting Text with a Mouse
90Copying and pasting text from the screen with a mouse is supported.
91Press and hold down mouse button 1, usually the left button, while
92moving the mouse to select text.
93Selected text is highlighted with reversed foreground and background
94colors.
95To select more text after releasing mouse button 1, press mouse button
963, usually the right button.
97To paste text that has been selected, press mouse button 2, usually the
98middle button.
99The text is entered as if it were typed at the keyboard.
100The
101.Dv VT_TWOBUTTON_MOUSE
102kernel option can be used with mice that only have two buttons.
103Setting this option makes the second mouse button into the
104paste button.
105See
106.Xr moused 8
107for more information.
108.Ss Scrolling Back
109Output that has scrolled off the screen can be reviewed by pressing the
110Scroll Lock key, then scrolling up and down with the arrow keys.
111The Page Up and Page Down keys scroll up or down a full screen at a
112time.
113The Home and End keys jump to the beginning or end of the scrollback
114buffer.
115When finished reviewing, press the Scroll Lock key again to return to
116normal use.
117.Sh DRIVER CONFIGURATION
118.Ss Kernel Configuration Options
119These kernel options control the
120.Nm
121driver.
122.Bl -tag -width MAXCONS
123.It Dv TERMINAL_NORM_ATTR= Ns Pa attribute
124.It Dv TERMINAL_KERN_ATTR= Ns Pa attribute
125These options allow changing the default colors used for normal and kernel
126text.
127Available colors are defined in
128.In sys/terminal.h .
129See
130.Sx EXAMPLES
131below.
132.It Dv VT_MAXWINDOWS=N
133Set the number of virtual terminals to be created to
134.Fa N .
135The value defaults to 12.
136.It Dv VT_ALT_TO_ESC_HACK=1
137When the Alt key is held down while pressing another key, send an ESC
138sequence instead of the Alt key.
139.It Dv VT_TWOBUTTON_MOUSE
140If defined, swap the functions of mouse buttons 2 and 3.
141In effect, this makes the right-hand mouse button perform a paste.
142These options are checked in the order shown.
143.It Dv SC_NO_CUTPASTE
144Disable mouse support.
145.It VT_FB_DEFAULT_WIDTH=X
146Set the default width to
147.Fa X .
148.It VT_FB_DEFAULT_HEIGHT=Y
149Set the default height to
150.Fa Y .
151.El
152.Sh BACKWARDS COMPATIBILITY
153Several options are provided for compatibility with the previous
154console device,
155.Xr sc 4 .
156These options will be removed in a future
157.Fx
158version.
159.Bl -column -offset indent ".Sy vt VT_TWOBUTTON_MOUSE" ".Sy SC_TWOBUTTON_MOUSE"
160.It Sy vt Option Name Ta Sy sc Option Name
161.It Dv TERMINAL_KERN_ATTR Ta Dv SC_KERNEL_CONS_ATTR
162.It Dv TERMINAL_NORM_ATTR Ta Dv SC_NORM_ATTR
163.It Dv VT_TWOBUTTON_MOUSE Ta Dv SC_TWOBUTTON_MOUSE
164.It Dv VT_MAXWINDOWS Ta Dv MAXCONS
165.It none Ta Dv SC_NO_CUTPASTE
166.El
167.Sh START-UP OPERATION WITH X86 BIOS SYSTEMS
168The computer BIOS starts in text mode, and
169the
170.Fx
171.Xr loader 8
172runs, loading the kernel.
173If
174.Va hw.vga.textmode
175is set, the system remains in text mode.
176Otherwise,
177.Nm
178switches to 640x480x16 VGA mode using
179.Cm vt_vga .
180If a KMS
179.Pq Kernel Mode Switching
181.Pq Kernel Mode Setting
180video driver is available, the display is switched to high resolution
181and the KMS driver takes over.
182When a KMS driver is not available,
183.Cm vt_vga
184remains active.
185.Sh LOADER TUNABLES
186These settings can be entered at the
187.Xr loader 8
188prompt or in
189.Xr loader.conf 5 .
190.Bl -tag -width indent
191.It Va hw.vga.textmode
192Set to 1 to use virtual terminals in text mode instead of graphics mode.
193Features that require graphics mode, like loadable fonts, will be
194disabled.
195.It Va kern.vty
196Set this value to
197.Ql vt
198or
199.Ql sc
200to override the default driver used for the system console.
201By default,
202.Xr sc 4
203is used on computers that boot from BIOS, and
204.Nm
205is used on computers that boot from UEFI.
182video driver is available, the display is switched to high resolution
183and the KMS driver takes over.
184When a KMS driver is not available,
185.Cm vt_vga
186remains active.
187.Sh LOADER TUNABLES
188These settings can be entered at the
189.Xr loader 8
190prompt or in
191.Xr loader.conf 5 .
192.Bl -tag -width indent
193.It Va hw.vga.textmode
194Set to 1 to use virtual terminals in text mode instead of graphics mode.
195Features that require graphics mode, like loadable fonts, will be
196disabled.
197.It Va kern.vty
198Set this value to
199.Ql vt
200or
201.Ql sc
202to override the default driver used for the system console.
203By default,
204.Xr sc 4
205is used on computers that boot from BIOS, and
206.Nm
207is used on computers that boot from UEFI.
208.It Va kern.vt.fb.default_mode
209Set this value to a graphic mode to override the default mode picked by the
210.Nm
211backend.
212The mode is applied to all output connectors.
213This is currently only supported by the
214.Cm vt_fb
215backend when it's paired with a KMS video driver.
216.It Va kern.vt.fb.modes. Ns Pa connector_name
217Set this value to a graphic mode to override the default mode picked by the
218.Nm
219backend.
220This mode is applied to the output connector
221.Pa connector_name
222only. It has precedence over
223.Va kern.vt.fb.default_mode .
224The names of available connector names can be found in
225.Xr dmesg 8
226after loading the KMS driver.
227It will contain a list of connectors and their associated tunables.
228This is currently only supported by the
229.Cm vt_fb
230backend when it's paired with a KMS video driver.
231.El
206.Sh KEYBOARD SYSCTL TUNABLES
207These settings control whether certain special key combinations are enabled or
208ignored.
209The specific key combinations can be configured by using a
210.Xr keymap 5
211file.
212.Pp
213These settings can be entered at the
214.Xr loader 8
215prompt or in
216.Xr loader.conf 5
217and can also be changed at runtime with the
218.Xr sysctl 8
219command.
220.Bl -tag -width indent
221.It Va kern.vt.kbd_halt
222Enable halt keyboard combination.
223.It Va kern.vt.kbd_poweroff
224Enable power off key combination.
225.It Va kern.vt.kbd_reboot.
226Enable reboot key combination, usually Ctrl+Alt+Del.
227.It Va kern.vt.kbd_debug
228Enable debug request key combination, usually Ctrl+Alt+Esc.
229.It Va kern.vt.kbd_panic
230Enable panic key combination.
231.El
232.Sh FILES
233.Bl -tag -width /usr/share/vt/keymaps/* -compact
234.It Pa /dev/console
235.It Pa /dev/consolectl
236.It Pa /dev/ttyv*
237virtual terminals
238.It Pa /etc/ttys
239terminal initialization information
240.It Pa /usr/share/vt/fonts/*.fnt
241console fonts
242.It Pa /usr/share/vt/keymaps/*.kbd
243keyboard layouts
244.El
245.Sh EXAMPLES
246This example changes the default color of normal text to green on a
247black background, or black on a green background when reversed.
248Note that white space cannot be used inside the attribute string
249because of the current implementation of
250.Xr config 8 .
251.Pp
252.Dl "options TERMINAL_NORM_ATTR=(FG_GREEN|BG_BLACK)"
253.Pp
254This line changes the default color of kernel messages to be bright red
255on a black background, or black on a bright red background when reversed.
256.Pp
257.Dl "options TERMINAL_KERN_ATTR=(FG_LIGHTRED|BG_BLACK)"
232.Sh KEYBOARD SYSCTL TUNABLES
233These settings control whether certain special key combinations are enabled or
234ignored.
235The specific key combinations can be configured by using a
236.Xr keymap 5
237file.
238.Pp
239These settings can be entered at the
240.Xr loader 8
241prompt or in
242.Xr loader.conf 5
243and can also be changed at runtime with the
244.Xr sysctl 8
245command.
246.Bl -tag -width indent
247.It Va kern.vt.kbd_halt
248Enable halt keyboard combination.
249.It Va kern.vt.kbd_poweroff
250Enable power off key combination.
251.It Va kern.vt.kbd_reboot.
252Enable reboot key combination, usually Ctrl+Alt+Del.
253.It Va kern.vt.kbd_debug
254Enable debug request key combination, usually Ctrl+Alt+Esc.
255.It Va kern.vt.kbd_panic
256Enable panic key combination.
257.El
258.Sh FILES
259.Bl -tag -width /usr/share/vt/keymaps/* -compact
260.It Pa /dev/console
261.It Pa /dev/consolectl
262.It Pa /dev/ttyv*
263virtual terminals
264.It Pa /etc/ttys
265terminal initialization information
266.It Pa /usr/share/vt/fonts/*.fnt
267console fonts
268.It Pa /usr/share/vt/keymaps/*.kbd
269keyboard layouts
270.El
271.Sh EXAMPLES
272This example changes the default color of normal text to green on a
273black background, or black on a green background when reversed.
274Note that white space cannot be used inside the attribute string
275because of the current implementation of
276.Xr config 8 .
277.Pp
278.Dl "options TERMINAL_NORM_ATTR=(FG_GREEN|BG_BLACK)"
279.Pp
280This line changes the default color of kernel messages to be bright red
281on a black background, or black on a bright red background when reversed.
282.Pp
283.Dl "options TERMINAL_KERN_ATTR=(FG_LIGHTRED|BG_BLACK)"
284.Pp
285To set a 1024x768 mode on all output connectors, put the following line in
286.Pa /boot/loader.conf :
287.Pp
288.Dl kern.vt.fb.default_mode="1024x768"
289.Pp
290To set a 800x600 only on a laptop builtin screen, use the following line instead:
291.Pp
292.Dl kern.vt.fb.modes.LVDS-1="800x600"
293.Pp
294The connector name was found in
295.Xr dmesg 8 :
296.Pp
297.Dl info: [drm] Connector LVDS-1: get mode from tunables:
298.Dl info: [drm] - kern.vt.fb.modes.LVDS-1
299.Dl info: [drm] - kern.vt.fb.default_mode
258.Sh SEE ALSO
259.Xr kbdcontrol 1 ,
260.Xr login 1 ,
261.Xr vidcontrol 1 ,
262.Xr atkbd 4 ,
263.Xr atkbdc 4 ,
264.Xr keyboard 4 ,
265.Xr screen 4 ,
266.Xr splash 4 ,
267.Xr syscons 4 ,
268.Xr ukbd 4 ,
269.Xr kbdmap 5 ,
270.Xr rc.conf 5 ,
271.Xr ttys 5 ,
272.Xr config 8 ,
273.Xr getty 8 ,
274.Xr kbdmux 8 ,
275.Xr kldload 8 ,
276.Xr moused 8 ,
277.Xr vtfontcvt 8
278.Sh HISTORY
279The
280.Nm
281driver first appeared in
282.Fx 9.3 .
283.Sh AUTHORS
284.An -nosplit
285The
286.Nm
287device driver was developed by
288.An Ed Schouten Aq ed@FreeBSD.org ,
289.An Ed Maste Aq emaste@FreeBSD.org ,
290and
291.An Aleksandr Rybalko Aq ray@FreeBSD.org ,
292with sponsorship provided by the
293.Fx
294Foundation.
295This manual page was written by
296.An Warren Block <wblock@FreeBSD.org>.
297.Sh CAVEATS
298Paste buffer size is limited by the system value
299.Brq Dv MAX_INPUT ,
300the number of bytes that can be stored in the terminal
301input queue, usually 1024 bytes
302(see
303.Xr termios 4 ) .
300.Sh SEE ALSO
301.Xr kbdcontrol 1 ,
302.Xr login 1 ,
303.Xr vidcontrol 1 ,
304.Xr atkbd 4 ,
305.Xr atkbdc 4 ,
306.Xr keyboard 4 ,
307.Xr screen 4 ,
308.Xr splash 4 ,
309.Xr syscons 4 ,
310.Xr ukbd 4 ,
311.Xr kbdmap 5 ,
312.Xr rc.conf 5 ,
313.Xr ttys 5 ,
314.Xr config 8 ,
315.Xr getty 8 ,
316.Xr kbdmux 8 ,
317.Xr kldload 8 ,
318.Xr moused 8 ,
319.Xr vtfontcvt 8
320.Sh HISTORY
321The
322.Nm
323driver first appeared in
324.Fx 9.3 .
325.Sh AUTHORS
326.An -nosplit
327The
328.Nm
329device driver was developed by
330.An Ed Schouten Aq ed@FreeBSD.org ,
331.An Ed Maste Aq emaste@FreeBSD.org ,
332and
333.An Aleksandr Rybalko Aq ray@FreeBSD.org ,
334with sponsorship provided by the
335.Fx
336Foundation.
337This manual page was written by
338.An Warren Block <wblock@FreeBSD.org>.
339.Sh CAVEATS
340Paste buffer size is limited by the system value
341.Brq Dv MAX_INPUT ,
342the number of bytes that can be stored in the terminal
343input queue, usually 1024 bytes
344(see
345.Xr termios 4 ) .