1.\" Copyright (c) 2005 Tom Rhodes
2.\" All rights reserved.
3.\"
4.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
5.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
6.\" are met:
7.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
8.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
9.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
10.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
11.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
12.\"
13.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
14.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
15.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
16.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
17.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
18.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
19.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
20.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
21.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
22.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
23.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
24.\"
25.\" Portions of this text are reprinted and reproduced in electronic form
26.\" from IEEE Std 1003.1, 2004 Edition, Standard for Information Technology --
27.\" Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX), The Open Group Base
28.\" Specifications Issue 6, Copyright (C) 2001-2004 by the Institute of
29.\" Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc and The Open Group. In the
30.\" event of any discrepancy between this version and the original IEEE and
31.\" The Open Group Standard, the original IEEE and The Open Group Standard is
32.\" the referee document. The original Standard can be obtained online at
33.\" http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html.
34.\"
| 1.\" Copyright (c) 2005 Tom Rhodes
2.\" All rights reserved.
3.\"
4.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
5.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
6.\" are met:
7.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
8.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
9.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
10.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
11.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
12.\"
13.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
14.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
15.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
16.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
17.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
18.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
19.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
20.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
21.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
22.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
23.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
24.\"
25.\" Portions of this text are reprinted and reproduced in electronic form
26.\" from IEEE Std 1003.1, 2004 Edition, Standard for Information Technology --
27.\" Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX), The Open Group Base
28.\" Specifications Issue 6, Copyright (C) 2001-2004 by the Institute of
29.\" Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc and The Open Group. In the
30.\" event of any discrepancy between this version and the original IEEE and
31.\" The Open Group Standard, the original IEEE and The Open Group Standard is
32.\" the referee document. The original Standard can be obtained online at
33.\" http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html.
34.\"
|
35.\" $FreeBSD: head/lib/libc/stdlib/a64l.3 156043 2006-02-26 23:01:11Z wkoszek $
| 35.\" $FreeBSD: head/lib/libc/stdlib/a64l.3 162841 2006-09-30 10:34:13Z ru $
|
36.\"
37.Dd November 20, 2005
38.Dt A64L 3
39.Os
40.Sh NAME
41.Nm a64l ,
42.Nm l64a ,
43.Nm l64a_r
44.Nd "convert between a long integer and a base-64 ASCII string"
45.Sh LIBRARY
46.Lb libc
47.Sh SYNOPSIS
48.In stdlib.h
49.Ft long
50.Fn a64l "const char *s"
51.Ft char *
52.Fn l64a "long int l"
53.Ft int
54.Fn l64a_r "long int l" "char *buffer" "int buflen"
55.Sh DESCRIPTION
56These functions are used to maintain numbers stored in radix-64
57.Tn ASCII
58characters.
59This is a notation by which 32-bit integers can be represented by
60up to six characters; each character represents a digit in
61radix-64 notation.
62If the type long contains more than 32 bits, only the low-order
6332 bits are used for these operations.
64.Pp
65The characters used to represent
66.Dq digits
67are
68.Ql .\&
69for 0,
| 36.\"
37.Dd November 20, 2005
38.Dt A64L 3
39.Os
40.Sh NAME
41.Nm a64l ,
42.Nm l64a ,
43.Nm l64a_r
44.Nd "convert between a long integer and a base-64 ASCII string"
45.Sh LIBRARY
46.Lb libc
47.Sh SYNOPSIS
48.In stdlib.h
49.Ft long
50.Fn a64l "const char *s"
51.Ft char *
52.Fn l64a "long int l"
53.Ft int
54.Fn l64a_r "long int l" "char *buffer" "int buflen"
55.Sh DESCRIPTION
56These functions are used to maintain numbers stored in radix-64
57.Tn ASCII
58characters.
59This is a notation by which 32-bit integers can be represented by
60up to six characters; each character represents a digit in
61radix-64 notation.
62If the type long contains more than 32 bits, only the low-order
6332 bits are used for these operations.
64.Pp
65The characters used to represent
66.Dq digits
67are
68.Ql .\&
69for 0,
|
70.Ql /\&
| 70.Ql /
|
71for 1,
| 71for 1,
|
72.Ql 0\&
73.Fl
74.Ql 9\&
75for 2
76.Fl
7711,
78.Ql A\&
79.Fl
80.Ql Z\&
81for 12
82.Fl
8337, and
84.Ql a\&
85.Fl
86.Ql z\&
87for 38
88.Fl
8963.
| 72.Ql 0
73-
74.Ql 9
75for 2 - 11,
76.Ql A
77-
78.Ql Z
79for 12 - 37, and
80.Ql a
81-
82.Ql z
83for 38 - 63.
|
90.Pp
91The
92.Fn a64l
93function takes a pointer to a radix-64 representation, in which the first
94digit is the least significant, and returns a corresponding
| 84.Pp
85The
86.Fn a64l
87function takes a pointer to a radix-64 representation, in which the first
88digit is the least significant, and returns a corresponding
|
95.Ft long
| 89.Vt long
|
96value.
97If the string pointed to by
98.Fa s
99contains more than six characters,
100.Fn a64l
101uses the first six.
102If the first six characters of the string contain a null terminator,
103.Fn a64l
104uses only characters preceding the null terminator.
105The
106.Fn a64l
107function scans the character string from left to right with the least
108significant digit on the left, decoding each character as a 6-bit
109radix-64 number.
110If the type long contains more than 32 bits, the resulting value is
111sign-extended.
112The behavior of
113.Fn a64l
114is unspecified if
115.Fa s
116is a null pointer or the string pointed to by
117.Fa s
118was not generated by a previous call to
119.Fn l64a .
120.Pp
121The
122.Fn l64a
| 90value.
91If the string pointed to by
92.Fa s
93contains more than six characters,
94.Fn a64l
95uses the first six.
96If the first six characters of the string contain a null terminator,
97.Fn a64l
98uses only characters preceding the null terminator.
99The
100.Fn a64l
101function scans the character string from left to right with the least
102significant digit on the left, decoding each character as a 6-bit
103radix-64 number.
104If the type long contains more than 32 bits, the resulting value is
105sign-extended.
106The behavior of
107.Fn a64l
108is unspecified if
109.Fa s
110is a null pointer or the string pointed to by
111.Fa s
112was not generated by a previous call to
113.Fn l64a .
114.Pp
115The
116.Fn l64a
|
123function takes a long argument and returns a pointer to the corresponding
| 117function takes a
118.Vt long
119argument and returns a pointer to the corresponding
|
124radix-64 representation.
125The behavior of
126.Fn l64a
127is unspecified if value is negative.
128.Pp
129The value returned by
130.Fn l64a
131is a pointer into a static buffer.
132Subsequent calls to
133.Fn l64a
134may overwrite the buffer.
135.Pp
136The
137.Fn l64a_r
138function performs a conversion identical to that of
139.Fn l64a
140and stores the resulting representation in the memory area pointed to by
141.Fa buffer ,
142consuming at most
143.Fa buflen
| 120radix-64 representation.
121The behavior of
122.Fn l64a
123is unspecified if value is negative.
124.Pp
125The value returned by
126.Fn l64a
127is a pointer into a static buffer.
128Subsequent calls to
129.Fn l64a
130may overwrite the buffer.
131.Pp
132The
133.Fn l64a_r
134function performs a conversion identical to that of
135.Fn l64a
136and stores the resulting representation in the memory area pointed to by
137.Fa buffer ,
138consuming at most
139.Fa buflen
|
144characters including the terminating NUL character.
| 140characters including the terminating
141.Dv NUL
142character.
|
145.Sh RETURN VALUES
146On successful completion,
147.Fn a64l
148returns the
| 143.Sh RETURN VALUES
144On successful completion,
145.Fn a64l
146returns the
|
149.Ft long
| 147.Vt long
|
150value resulting from conversion of the input string.
| 148value resulting from conversion of the input string.
|
151If a string pointed to by s is an empty string,
| 149If a string pointed to by
150.Fa s
151is an empty string,
|
152.Fn a64l
153returns 0.
154.Pp
155The
| 152.Fn a64l
153returns 0.
154.Pp
155The
|
156l64a
| 156.Fn l64a
|
157function returns a pointer to the radix-64 representation.
158If value is 0,
159.Fn l64a
160returns a pointer to an empty string.
161.Sh SEE ALSO
162.Xr strtoul 3
163.Sh HISTORY
164The
165.Fn a64l ,
166.Fn l64a ,
167and
168.Fn l64a_r
169functions are derived from
170.Nx
171with modifications.
| 157function returns a pointer to the radix-64 representation.
158If value is 0,
159.Fn l64a
160returns a pointer to an empty string.
161.Sh SEE ALSO
162.Xr strtoul 3
163.Sh HISTORY
164The
165.Fn a64l ,
166.Fn l64a ,
167and
168.Fn l64a_r
169functions are derived from
170.Nx
171with modifications.
|
172They were added to
| 172They appeared in
|
173.Fx 6.1 .
174.Sh AUTHORS
175The
176.Fn a64l ,
177.Fn l64a ,
178and
179.Fn l64a_r
| 173.Fx 6.1 .
174.Sh AUTHORS
175The
176.Fn a64l ,
177.Fn l64a ,
178and
179.Fn l64a_r
|
| 180functions
|
180were added to
181.Fx
182by
183.An Tom Rhodes Aq trhodes@FreeBSD.org .
184Almost all of this manual page came from the
185.Tn POSIX
186standard.
| 181were added to
182.Fx
183by
184.An Tom Rhodes Aq trhodes@FreeBSD.org .
185Almost all of this manual page came from the
186.Tn POSIX
187standard.
|