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1# @(#)southamerica 7.42
1# @(#)southamerica 7.43
2
3# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
4# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
5# tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future).
6
7# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1999-07-07):
8# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is
9# Thomas G. Shanks, The International Atlas (5th edition),
10# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1999).
11#
12# Gwillim Law writes that a good source
13# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
14# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
15# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries
16# of the IATA's data after 1990.
17#
18# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks is the source for entries through 1990,
19# and IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990.
20#
21# Earlier editions of these tables used the North American style (e.g. ARST and
22# ARDT for Argentine Standard and Daylight Time), but the following quote
23# suggests that it's better to use European style (e.g. ART and ARST).
24# I suggest the use of _Summer time_ instead of the more cumbersome
25# _daylight-saving time_. _Summer time_ seems to be in general use
26# in Europe and South America.
27# -- E O Cutler, _New York Times_ (1937-02-14), quoted in
28# H L Mencken, _The American Language: Supplement I_ (1960), p 466
29#
30# Earlier editions of these tables also used the North American style
31# for time zones in Brazil, but this was incorrect, as Brazilians say
32# "summer time". Reinaldo Goulart, a Sao Paulo businessman active in
33# the railroad sector, writes (1999-07-06):
34# The subject of time zones is currently a matter of discussion/debate in
35# Brazil. Let's say that "the Brasilia time" is considered the
36# "official time" because Brasilia is the capital city.
37# The other three time zones are called "Brasilia time "minus one" or
38# "plus one" or "plus two". As far as I know there is no such
39# name/designation as "Eastern Time" or "Central Time".
40# So I invented the following (English-language) abbreviations for now.
41# Corrections are welcome!
42# std dst
43# -2:00 FNT FNST Fernando de Noronha
44# -3:00 BRT BRST Brasilia
45# -4:00 AMT AMST Amazon
46# -5:00 ACT ACST Acre
47
48###############################################################################
49
50###############################################################################
51
52# Argentina
53
54# From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
55# Argentina: first Sunday in October to first Sunday in April since 1976.
56# Double Summer time from 1969 to 1974. Switches at midnight.
57
58# From U. S. Naval Observatory (1988-01-199):
59# ARGENTINA 3 H BEHIND UTC
60
61# From Hernan G. Otero <hernan@isoft.com.ar> (1995-06-26):
62# I am sending modifications to the Argentine time zone table...
63# AR was chosen because they are the ISO letters that represent Argentina.
64
65# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
66Rule Arg 1930 only - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 S
67Rule Arg 1931 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
68Rule Arg 1931 only - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S
69Rule Arg 1932 1940 - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
70Rule Arg 1932 1939 - Nov 1 0:00 1:00 S
71Rule Arg 1940 only - Jul 1 0:00 1:00 S
72Rule Arg 1941 only - Jun 15 0:00 0 -
73Rule Arg 1941 only - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S
74Rule Arg 1943 only - Aug 1 0:00 0 -
75Rule Arg 1943 only - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S
76Rule Arg 1946 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
77Rule Arg 1946 only - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S
78Rule Arg 1963 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
79Rule Arg 1963 only - Dec 15 0:00 1:00 S
80Rule Arg 1964 1966 - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
81Rule Arg 1964 1966 - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S
2
3# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
4# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
5# tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future).
6
7# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1999-07-07):
8# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is
9# Thomas G. Shanks, The International Atlas (5th edition),
10# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1999).
11#
12# Gwillim Law writes that a good source
13# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
14# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
15# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries
16# of the IATA's data after 1990.
17#
18# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks is the source for entries through 1990,
19# and IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990.
20#
21# Earlier editions of these tables used the North American style (e.g. ARST and
22# ARDT for Argentine Standard and Daylight Time), but the following quote
23# suggests that it's better to use European style (e.g. ART and ARST).
24# I suggest the use of _Summer time_ instead of the more cumbersome
25# _daylight-saving time_. _Summer time_ seems to be in general use
26# in Europe and South America.
27# -- E O Cutler, _New York Times_ (1937-02-14), quoted in
28# H L Mencken, _The American Language: Supplement I_ (1960), p 466
29#
30# Earlier editions of these tables also used the North American style
31# for time zones in Brazil, but this was incorrect, as Brazilians say
32# "summer time". Reinaldo Goulart, a Sao Paulo businessman active in
33# the railroad sector, writes (1999-07-06):
34# The subject of time zones is currently a matter of discussion/debate in
35# Brazil. Let's say that "the Brasilia time" is considered the
36# "official time" because Brasilia is the capital city.
37# The other three time zones are called "Brasilia time "minus one" or
38# "plus one" or "plus two". As far as I know there is no such
39# name/designation as "Eastern Time" or "Central Time".
40# So I invented the following (English-language) abbreviations for now.
41# Corrections are welcome!
42# std dst
43# -2:00 FNT FNST Fernando de Noronha
44# -3:00 BRT BRST Brasilia
45# -4:00 AMT AMST Amazon
46# -5:00 ACT ACST Acre
47
48###############################################################################
49
50###############################################################################
51
52# Argentina
53
54# From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
55# Argentina: first Sunday in October to first Sunday in April since 1976.
56# Double Summer time from 1969 to 1974. Switches at midnight.
57
58# From U. S. Naval Observatory (1988-01-199):
59# ARGENTINA 3 H BEHIND UTC
60
61# From Hernan G. Otero <hernan@isoft.com.ar> (1995-06-26):
62# I am sending modifications to the Argentine time zone table...
63# AR was chosen because they are the ISO letters that represent Argentina.
64
65# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
66Rule Arg 1930 only - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 S
67Rule Arg 1931 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
68Rule Arg 1931 only - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S
69Rule Arg 1932 1940 - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
70Rule Arg 1932 1939 - Nov 1 0:00 1:00 S
71Rule Arg 1940 only - Jul 1 0:00 1:00 S
72Rule Arg 1941 only - Jun 15 0:00 0 -
73Rule Arg 1941 only - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S
74Rule Arg 1943 only - Aug 1 0:00 0 -
75Rule Arg 1943 only - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S
76Rule Arg 1946 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
77Rule Arg 1946 only - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S
78Rule Arg 1963 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
79Rule Arg 1963 only - Dec 15 0:00 1:00 S
80Rule Arg 1964 1966 - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
81Rule Arg 1964 1966 - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S
82Rule Arg 1967 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
82Rule Arg 1967 only - Apr 2 0:00 0 -
83Rule Arg 1967 1968 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
84Rule Arg 1968 1969 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
85Rule Arg 1974 only - Jan 23 0:00 1:00 S
86Rule Arg 1974 only - May 1 0:00 0 -
83Rule Arg 1967 1968 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
84Rule Arg 1968 1969 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
85Rule Arg 1974 only - Jan 23 0:00 1:00 S
86Rule Arg 1974 only - May 1 0:00 0 -
87Rule Arg 1974 1976 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
88Rule Arg 1975 1977 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
89Rule Arg 1985 only - Nov 2 0:00 1:00 S
90Rule Arg 1986 only - Mar 14 0:00 0 -
91Rule Arg 1986 1987 - Oct 25 0:00 1:00 S
92Rule Arg 1987 only - Feb 13 0:00 0 -
93Rule Arg 1988 only - Feb 7 0:00 0 -
94Rule Arg 1988 only - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 S
95#
96# From Hernan G. Otero <hernan@isoft.com.ar> (1995-06-26):
97# These corrections were contributed by InterSoft Argentina S.A.,
98# obtaining the data from the:
99# Talleres de Hidrografia Naval Argentina
100# (Argentine Naval Hydrography Institute)
101#
102# Shanks stops after 1992-03-01; go with Otero.
103Rule Arg 1989 1993 - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
104Rule Arg 1989 1992 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S
105#
106# From Hernan G. Otero <hernan@isoft.com.ar> (1995-06-26):
107# From this moment on, the law that mandated the daylight saving
108# time corrections was derogated and no more modifications
109# to the time zones (for daylight saving) are now made.
110#
111# From Rives McDow (2000-01-10):
112# On October 3, 1999, 0:00 local, Argentina implemented daylight savings time,
113# which did not result in the switch of a time zone, as they stayed 9 hours
114# from the International Date Line.
115Rule Arg 1999 only - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
116Rule Arg 2000 only - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
117#
118# From Peter Gradelski via Steffen Thorsen (2000-03-01):
119# We just checked with our Sao Paulo office and they say the government of
120# Argentina decided not to become one of the countries that go on or off DST.
121# So Buenos Aires should be -3 hours from GMT at all times.
122#
123# From Fabian L. Arce Jofre <farcejofre@bigfoot.com> (2000-04-04):
124# The law that claimed DST for Argentina was derogated by President Fernando
125# de la Rua on March 2, 2000, because it would make people spend more energy
126# in the winter time, rather than less. The change took effect on March 3.
127#
128# From Mariano Absatz (2001-06-06):
129# one of the major newspapers here in Argentina said that the 1999
130# Timezone Law (which never was effectively applied) will (would?) be
131# in effect.... The article is at
132# http://ar.clarin.com/diario/2001-06-06/e-01701.htm
133# ... The Law itself is "Ley No 25155", sanctioned on 1999-08-25, enacted
134# 1999-09-17, and published 1999-09-21. The official publication is at:
135# http://www.boletin.jus.gov.ar/BON/Primera/1999/09-Septiembre/21/PDF/BO21-09-99LEG.PDF
136# Regretfully, you have to subscribe (and pay) for the on-line version....
137#
138# (2001-06-12):
139# the timezone for Argentina will not change next Sunday.
140# Apparently it will do so on Sunday 24th....
141# http://ar.clarin.com/diario/2001-06-12/s-03501.htm
142#
143# (2001-06-25):
144# Last Friday (yes, the last working day before the date of the change), the
145# Senate annulled the 1999 law that introduced the changes later postponed.
146# http://www.clarin.com.ar/diario/2001-06-22/s-03601.htm
147# It remains the vote of the Deputies..., but it will be the same....
148# This kind of things had always been done this way in Argentina.
149# We are still -03:00 all year round in all of the country.
150#
87Rule Arg 1988 only - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 S
88#
89# From Hernan G. Otero <hernan@isoft.com.ar> (1995-06-26):
90# These corrections were contributed by InterSoft Argentina S.A.,
91# obtaining the data from the:
92# Talleres de Hidrografia Naval Argentina
93# (Argentine Naval Hydrography Institute)
94#
95# Shanks stops after 1992-03-01; go with Otero.
96Rule Arg 1989 1993 - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
97Rule Arg 1989 1992 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S
98#
99# From Hernan G. Otero <hernan@isoft.com.ar> (1995-06-26):
100# From this moment on, the law that mandated the daylight saving
101# time corrections was derogated and no more modifications
102# to the time zones (for daylight saving) are now made.
103#
104# From Rives McDow (2000-01-10):
105# On October 3, 1999, 0:00 local, Argentina implemented daylight savings time,
106# which did not result in the switch of a time zone, as they stayed 9 hours
107# from the International Date Line.
108Rule Arg 1999 only - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
109Rule Arg 2000 only - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
110#
111# From Peter Gradelski via Steffen Thorsen (2000-03-01):
112# We just checked with our Sao Paulo office and they say the government of
113# Argentina decided not to become one of the countries that go on or off DST.
114# So Buenos Aires should be -3 hours from GMT at all times.
115#
116# From Fabian L. Arce Jofre <farcejofre@bigfoot.com> (2000-04-04):
117# The law that claimed DST for Argentina was derogated by President Fernando
118# de la Rua on March 2, 2000, because it would make people spend more energy
119# in the winter time, rather than less. The change took effect on March 3.
120#
121# From Mariano Absatz (2001-06-06):
122# one of the major newspapers here in Argentina said that the 1999
123# Timezone Law (which never was effectively applied) will (would?) be
124# in effect.... The article is at
125# http://ar.clarin.com/diario/2001-06-06/e-01701.htm
126# ... The Law itself is "Ley No 25155", sanctioned on 1999-08-25, enacted
127# 1999-09-17, and published 1999-09-21. The official publication is at:
128# http://www.boletin.jus.gov.ar/BON/Primera/1999/09-Septiembre/21/PDF/BO21-09-99LEG.PDF
129# Regretfully, you have to subscribe (and pay) for the on-line version....
130#
131# (2001-06-12):
132# the timezone for Argentina will not change next Sunday.
133# Apparently it will do so on Sunday 24th....
134# http://ar.clarin.com/diario/2001-06-12/s-03501.htm
135#
136# (2001-06-25):
137# Last Friday (yes, the last working day before the date of the change), the
138# Senate annulled the 1999 law that introduced the changes later postponed.
139# http://www.clarin.com.ar/diario/2001-06-22/s-03601.htm
140# It remains the vote of the Deputies..., but it will be the same....
141# This kind of things had always been done this way in Argentina.
142# We are still -03:00 all year round in all of the country.
143#
144#
145# From Paul Eggert (2002-01-22):
146# <a href="http://www.spicasc.net/horvera.html">
147# Hora de verano para la Republica Argentina (2000-10-01)
148# </a> says that standard time in Argentina from 1894-10-31
149# to 1920-05-01 was -4:16:48.25. Go with this more-precise value
150# over Shanks.
151
152# Unless otherwise specified, data are from Shanks through 1992, from
153# the IATA otherwise. As noted below, Shanks says that
154# America/Cordoba split into 7 subregions during 1991/1992, but we
155# haven't verified this yet so for now we'll keep it a single region.
156#
151# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
152#
153# Buenos Aires (BA), Capital Federal (CF), Santa Cruz (SC),
154# Tierra del Fuego, Antartida e Islas del Atlantico Sur (TF)
157# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
158#
159# Buenos Aires (BA), Capital Federal (CF), Santa Cruz (SC),
160# Tierra del Fuego, Antartida e Islas del Atlantico Sur (TF)
155Zone America/Buenos_Aires -3:53:48 - LMT 1894 Nov
156 -4:16:44 - CMT 1920 May # Cordoba Mean Time
161Zone America/Buenos_Aires -3:53:48 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
162 -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May # Cordoba Mean Time
157 -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec
158 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
163 -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec
164 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
159 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3 0:00
160 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3 0:00
165 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3
166 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3
161 -3:00 - ART
162#
163# Santa Fe (SF), Entre Rios (ER), Corrientes (CN), Misiones (MN), Chaco (CC),
167 -3:00 - ART
168#
169# Santa Fe (SF), Entre Rios (ER), Corrientes (CN), Misiones (MN), Chaco (CC),
164# Formosa (FM), La Pampa (LP), Chubut (CH)
165Zone America/Rosario -4:02:40 - LMT 1894 Nov
166 -4:16:44 - CMT 1920 May
167 -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec
168 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
169 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1991 Jul
170 -3:00 - ART 1999 Oct 3 0:00
171 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3 0:00
172 -3:00 - ART
170# Formosa (FM), Salta (SA), Tucuman (TM), Santiago del Estero (SE),
171# Cordoba (CB), La Rioja (LR), San Juan (SJ), San Luis (SL), La Pampa (LP),
172# Neuquen (NQ), Rio Negro (RN), Chubut (CH)
173#
173#
174# Cordoba (CB), Santiago del Estero (SE), Salta (SA), Tucuman (TM), La Rioja (LR), San Juan (SJ), San Luis (SL),
175# Neuquen (NQ), Rio Negro (RN)
176Zone America/Cordoba -4:16:44 - LMT 1894 Nov
177 -4:16:44 - CMT 1920 May
174# Shanks also makes the following claims, which we haven't verified:
175# - Formosa switched to -3:00 on 1991-01-07.
176# - La Rioja and San Juan switched to -4:00 on 1991-03-01
177# and then to 03:00 on 1991-05-07.
178# - Misiones switched to -3:00 on 1990-12-29.
179# - Chaco switched to -3:00 on 1991-01-04.
180# - San Luis switched to -4:00 on 1990-03-14, then to -3:00 on 1990-10-15,
181# then to -4:00 on 1991-03-01, then to -3:00 on 1991-06-01.
182# - Santiago del Estero switched to -4:00 on 1991-04-01,
183# then to -3:00 on 1991-04-26.
184# If we need to add Zones for these areas, we may need to have a subdirectory
185# for Argentina, as e.g. "America/San_Luis" is too ambiguious.
186#
187Zone America/Cordoba -4:16:48 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
188 -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May
178 -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec
179 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
189 -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec
190 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
180 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1990 Jul
181 -3:00 - ART 1999 Oct 3 0:00
182 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3 0:00
191 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1991 Mar 3
192 -4:00 - WART 1991 Oct 20
193 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3
194 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3
183 -3:00 - ART
184#
185# Jujuy (JY)
195 -3:00 - ART
196#
197# Jujuy (JY)
186Zone America/Jujuy -4:21:12 - LMT 1894 Nov
187 -4:16:44 - CMT 1920 May
198Zone America/Jujuy -4:21:12 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
199 -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May
188 -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec
189 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
200 -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec
201 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
190 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1991 Mar 3
202 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1990 Mar 4
203 -4:00 - WART 1990 Oct 28
204 -4:00 1:00 WARST 1991 Mar 17
191 -4:00 - WART 1991 Oct 6
205 -4:00 - WART 1991 Oct 6
192 -4:00 1:00 WARST 1992 Mar 15
193 -4:00 - WART 1992 Oct 18
194 -3:00 - ART 1999 Oct 3 0:00
195 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3 0:00
206 -3:00 1:00 ARST 1992
207 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3
208 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3
196 -3:00 - ART
197#
198# Catamarca (CT)
209 -3:00 - ART
210#
211# Catamarca (CT)
199Zone America/Catamarca -4:23:08 - LMT 1894 Nov
200 -4:16:44 - CMT 1920 May
212Zone America/Catamarca -4:23:08 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
213 -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May
201 -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec
202 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
214 -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec
215 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
203 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1990 Jul
204 -3:00 - ART 1991 Jul
205 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1992 Jul
206 -3:00 - ART 1999 Oct 3 0:00
207 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3 0:00
216 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1991 Mar 3
217 -4:00 - WART 1991 Oct 20
218 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3
219 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3
208 -3:00 - ART
209#
210# Mendoza (MZ)
220 -3:00 - ART
221#
222# Mendoza (MZ)
211Zone America/Mendoza -4:35:16 - LMT 1894 Nov
212 -4:16:44 - CMT 1920 May
223Zone America/Mendoza -4:35:16 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
224 -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May
213 -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec
214 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
225 -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec
226 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
215 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1991 Mar 3
227 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1990 Mar 4
228 -4:00 - WART 1990 Oct 15
229 -4:00 1:00 WARST 1991 Mar 1
216 -4:00 - WART 1991 Oct 15
217 -4:00 1:00 WARST 1992 Mar 1
218 -4:00 - WART 1992 Oct 18
230 -4:00 - WART 1991 Oct 15
231 -4:00 1:00 WARST 1992 Mar 1
232 -4:00 - WART 1992 Oct 18
219 -3:00 - ART 1999 Oct 3 0:00
220 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3 0:00
233 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3
234 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3
221 -3:00 - ART
222
223# Aruba
224# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
225Zone America/Aruba -4:40:24 - LMT 1912 Feb 12 # Oranjestad
226 -4:30 - ANT 1965 # Netherlands Antilles Time
227 -4:00 - AST
228
229# Bolivia
230# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
231Zone America/La_Paz -4:32:36 - LMT 1890
232 -4:32:36 - CMT 1931 Oct 15 # Calamarca MT
233 -4:32:36 1:00 BOST 1932 Mar 21 # Bolivia ST
234 -4:00 - BOT # Bolivia Time
235
236# Brazil
237
238# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1993-11-18):
239# The mayor of Rio recently attempted to change the time zone rules
240# just in his city, in order to leave more summer time for the tourist trade.
241# The rule change lasted only part of the day;
242# the federal government refused to follow the city's rules, and business
243# was in a chaos, so the mayor backed down that afternoon.
244
245# From IATA SSIM (1996-02):
246# _Only_ the following states in BR1 observe DST: Rio Grande do Sul (RS),
247# Santa Catarina (SC), Parana (PR), Sao Paulo (SP), Rio de Janeiro (RJ),
248# Espirito Santo (ES), Minas Gerais (MG), Bahia (BA), Goias (GO),
249# Distrito Federal (DF), Tocantins (TO), Sergipe [SE] and Alagoas [AL].
250# [The last three states are new to this issue of the IATA SSIM.]
251
252# From Gwillim Law (1996-10-07):
253# Geography, history (Tocantins was part of Goias until 1989), and other
254# sources of time zone information lead me to believe that AL, SE, and TO were
255# always in BR1, and so the only change was whether or not they observed DST....
256# The earliest issue of the SSIM I have is 2/91. Each issue from then until
257# 9/95 says that DST is observed only in the ten states I quoted from 9/95,
258# along with Mato Grosso (MT) and Mato Grosso do Sul (MS), which are in BR2
259# (UTC-4).... The other two time zones given for Brazil are BR3, which is
260# UTC-5, no DST, and applies only in the state of Acre (AC); and BR4, which is
261# UTC-2, and applies to Fernando de Noronha (formerly FN, but I believe it's
262# become part of the state of Pernambuco). The boundary between BR1 and BR2
263# has never been clearly stated. They've simply been called East and West.
264# However, some conclusions can be drawn from another IATA manual: the Airline
265# Coding Directory, which lists close to 400 airports in Brazil. For each
266# airport it gives a time zone which is coded to the SSIM. From that
267# information, I'm led to conclude that the states of Amapa (AP), Ceara (CE),
268# Maranhao (MA), Paraiba (PR), Pernambuco (PE), Piaui (PI), and Rio Grande do
269# Norte (RN), and the eastern part of Para (PA) are all in BR1 without DST.
270
271# From Marcos Tadeu (1998-09-27):
272# <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/verao1.html">
273# Brazilian official page
274# </a>
275
276# From Jesper Norgaard (2000-11-03):
277# [For an official list of which regions in Brazil use which time zones, see:]
278# http://pcdsh01.on.br/Fusbr.htm
279# http://pcdsh01.on.br/Fusbrhv.htm
280
281# From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
282# The official decrees referenced below are taken from
283# <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/DecHV.html">
284# Decretos sobre o Horario de Verao no Brasil
285# </a> (1999-10-04, in Portuguese).
286# The official site for all decrees, including those not related to time, is
287# <a href="http://www.presidencia.gov.br/CCIVIL/decreto/principal_ano.htm">
288# Presidencia da Republica, Subchefia para Assuntos Juridicos, Decretos
289# </a> (in Portuguese).
290
291# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
292# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV20466.htm">20,466</a> (1931-10-01)
293# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV21896.htm">21,896</a> (1932-01-10)
294Rule Brazil 1931 only - Oct 3 11:00 1:00 S
295Rule Brazil 1932 1933 - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
296Rule Brazil 1932 only - Oct 3 0:00 1:00 S
297# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV23195.htm">23,195</a> (1933-10-10)
298# revoked DST.
299# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV27496.htm">27,496</a> (1949-11-24)
300# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV27998.htm">27,998</a> (1950-04-13)
301Rule Brazil 1949 1952 - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 S
302Rule Brazil 1950 only - Apr 16 1:00 0 -
303Rule Brazil 1951 1952 - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
304# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV32308.htm">32,308</a> (1953-02-24)
305Rule Brazil 1953 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
306# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV34724.htm">34,724</a> (1953-11-30)
307# revoked DST.
308# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV52700.htm">52,700</a> (1963-10-18)
309# established DST from 1963-10-23 00:00 to 1964-02-29 00:00
310# in SP, RJ, GB, MG, ES, due to the prolongation of the drought.
311# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV53071.htm">53,071</a> (1963-12-03)
312# extended the above decree to all of the national territory on 12-09.
313Rule Brazil 1963 only - Dec 9 0:00 1:00 S
314# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV53604.htm">53,604</a> (1964-02-25)
315# extended summer time by one day to 1964-03-01 00:00 (start of school).
316Rule Brazil 1964 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
317# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV55639.htm">55,639</a> (1965-01-27)
318Rule Brazil 1965 only - Jan 31 0:00 1:00 S
319Rule Brazil 1965 only - Mar 31 0:00 0 -
320# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV57303.htm">57,303</a> (1965-11-22)
321Rule Brazil 1965 only - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 S
322# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV57843.htm">57,843</a> (1966-02-18)
323Rule Brazil 1966 1968 - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
324Rule Brazil 1966 1967 - Nov 1 0:00 1:00 S
325# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV63429.htm">63,429</a> (1968-10-15)
326# revoked DST.
327# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV91698.htm">91,698</a> (1985-09-27)
328Rule Brazil 1985 only - Nov 2 0:00 1:00 S
329# Decree 92,310 (1986-01-21)
330# Decree 92,463 (1986-03-13)
331Rule Brazil 1986 only - Mar 15 0:00 0 -
332# Decree 93,316 (1986-10-01)
333Rule Brazil 1986 only - Oct 25 0:00 1:00 S
334Rule Brazil 1987 only - Feb 14 0:00 0 -
335# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV94922.htm">94,922</a> (1987-09-22)
336Rule Brazil 1987 only - Oct 25 0:00 1:00 S
337Rule Brazil 1988 only - Feb 7 0:00 0 -
338# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV96676.htm">96,676</a> (1988-09-12)
339# except for the states of AC, AM, PA, RR, RO, and AP (then a territory)
340Rule Brazil 1988 only - Oct 16 0:00 1:00 S
341Rule Brazil 1989 only - Jan 29 0:00 0 -
342# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV98077.htm">98,077</a> (1989-08-21)
343# with the same exceptions
344Rule Brazil 1989 only - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S
345Rule Brazil 1990 only - Feb 11 0:00 0 -
346# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV99530.htm">99,530</a> (1990-09-17)
347# adopted by RS, SC, PR, SP, RJ, ES, MG, GO, MS, DF.
348# Decree 99,629 (1990-10-19) adds BA, MT.
349Rule Brazil 1990 only - Oct 21 0:00 1:00 S
350Rule Brazil 1991 only - Feb 17 0:00 0 -
351# <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1991.htm">Unnumbered decree</a> (1991-09-25)
352# adopted by RS, SC, PR, SP, RJ, ES, MG, BA, GO, MT, MS, DF.
353Rule Brazil 1991 only - Oct 20 0:00 1:00 S
354Rule Brazil 1992 only - Feb 9 0:00 0 -
355# <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1992.htm">Unnumbered decree</a> (1992-10-16)
356# adopted by same states.
357Rule Brazil 1992 only - Oct 25 0:00 1:00 S
358Rule Brazil 1993 only - Jan 31 0:00 0 -
359# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV942.htm">942</a> (1993-09-28)
360# adopted by same states, plus AM.
361# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1252.htm">1,252</a> (1994-09-22)
362# adopted by same states, minus AM.
363# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1636.htm">1,636</a> (1995-09-14)
364# adopted by same states, plus TO.
365# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1674.htm">1,674</a> (1995-10-13)
366# adds AL, SE.
367Rule Brazil 1993 1995 - Oct Sun>=11 0:00 1:00 S
368Rule Brazil 1994 1995 - Feb Sun>=15 0:00 0 -
369Rule Brazil 1996 only - Feb 11 0:00 0 -
370# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV2000.htm">2,000</a> (1996-09-04)
371# adopted by same states, minus AL, SE.
372Rule Brazil 1996 only - Oct 6 0:00 1:00 S
373Rule Brazil 1997 only - Feb 16 0:00 0 -
374# From Daniel C. Sobral <dcs@gns.com.br> (1998-02-12):
375# In 1997, the DS began on October 6. The stated reason was that
376# because international television networks ignored Brazil's policy on DS,
377# they bought the wrong times on satellite for coverage of Pope's visit.
378# This year, the ending date of DS was postponed to March 1
379# to help dealing with the shortages of electric power.
380#
381# From Paul Eggert (1998-02-25):
382# <a href="http://churchnet.ucsm.ac.uk/news/files2/news165.htm">
383# Brazil Prepares for Papal Visit
384# </a>,
385# Church Net UK (1997-10-02).
386#
387# Decree 2,317 (1997-09-04), adopted by same states.
388Rule Brazil 1997 only - Oct 6 0:00 1:00 S
389# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/HV2495.JPG">2,495</a>
390# (1998-02-10)
391Rule Brazil 1998 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
392# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/Hv98.jpg">2,780</a> (1998-09-11)
393# adopted by the same states as before.
394Rule Brazil 1998 only - Oct 11 0:00 1:00 S
395Rule Brazil 1999 only - Feb 21 0:00 0 -
396# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/HV3150.gif">3,150</a>
397# (1999-08-23) adopted by same states.
398# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/DecHV99.gif">3,188</a> (1999-09-30)
399# adds SE, AL, PB, PE, RN, CE, PI, MA and RR.
400Rule Brazil 1999 only - Oct 3 0:00 1:00 S
401Rule Brazil 2000 only - Feb 27 0:00 0 -
402# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/DEC3592.htm">3,592</a> (2000-09-06)
403# adopted by the same states as before.
404# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/Dec3630.jpg">3,630</a> (2000-10-13)
405# repeals DST in PE and RR, effective 2000-10-15 00:00.
406# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/Dec3632.jpg">3,632</a> (2000-10-17)
407# repeals DST in SE, AL, PB, RN, CE, PI and MA, effective 2000-10-22 00:00.
408# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/HV3916.gif">3,916</a>
409# (2001-09-13) reestablishes DST in AL, CE, MA, PB, PE, PI, RN, SE.
410#
411# The latest decree listed above says that the following states observe DST:
412# AL, BA, CE, DF, ES, GO, MA, MG, MS, MT,
413# PB, PE, PI, PR, RJ, RN, RS, SC, SE, SP, TO.
414#
415# For dates after mid-2002, the following rules are guesses
416# and are quite possibly wrong, but are more likely than no DST at all.
417Rule Brazil 2000 max - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 S
418Rule Brazil 2001 max - Feb Sun>=15 0:00 0 -
419
420
421# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
422#
423# Atlantic islands: Fernando de Noronha, Trindade, Martin Vaz,
424# Atol das Rocas, and Penedos de Sao Pedro e Sao Paulo
425Zone America/Noronha -2:09:40 - LMT 1914
426 -2:00 Brazil FN%sT 1990 Sep 17
427 -2:00 - FNT
428#
429# Amapa (AP), east Para (PA)
430# East Para includes Belem, Maraba, Serra Norte, and Sao Felix do Xingu.
431Zone America/Belem -3:13:56 - LMT 1914
432 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1988 Sep 12
433 -3:00 - BRT
434#
435# Maranhao (MA), Piaui (PI), Ceara (CE), Rio Grande do Norte (RN),
436# Paraiba (PB)
437Zone America/Fortaleza -2:34:00 - LMT 1914
438 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1990 Sep 17
439 -3:00 - BRT 1999 Sep 30
440 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 2000 Oct 22
441 -3:00 - BRT 2001 Sep 13
442 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT
443#
444# Pernambuco (PE) (except Atlantic islands)
445Zone America/Recife -2:19:36 - LMT 1914
446 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1990 Sep 17
447 -3:00 - BRT 1999 Sep 30
448 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 2000 Oct 15
449 -3:00 - BRT 2001 Sep 13
450 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT
451#
452# Tocantins (TO)
453Zone America/Araguaina -3:12:48 - LMT 1914
454 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1990 Sep 17
455 -3:00 - BRT 1995 Sep 14
456 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT
457#
458# Alagoas (AL), Sergipe (SE)
459Zone America/Maceio -2:22:52 - LMT 1914
460 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1990 Sep 17
461 -3:00 - BRT 1995 Oct 13
462 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1996 Sep 4
463 -3:00 - BRT 1999 Sep 30
464 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 2000 Oct 22
465 -3:00 - BRT 2001 Sep 13
466 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT
467#
468# Bahia (BA), Goias (GO), Distrito Federal (DF), Minas Gerais (MG),
469# Espirito Santo (ES), Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Sao Paulo (SP), Parana (PR),
470# Santa Catarina (SC), Rio Grande do Sul (RS)
471Zone America/Sao_Paulo -3:06:28 - LMT 1914
472 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1963 Oct 23 00:00
473 -3:00 1:00 BRST 1964
474 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT
475#
476# Mato Grosso (MT), Mato Grosso do Sul (MS)
477Zone America/Cuiaba -3:44:20 - LMT 1914
478 -4:00 Brazil AM%sT
479#
480# west Para (PA), Rondonia (RO)
481# West Para includes Altamira, Oribidos, Prainha, Oriximina, and Santarem.
482Zone America/Porto_Velho -4:15:36 - LMT 1914
483 -4:00 Brazil AM%sT 1988 Sep 12
484 -4:00 - AMT
485#
486# Roraima (RR)
487Zone America/Boa_Vista -4:02:40 - LMT 1914
488 -4:00 Brazil AM%sT 1988 Sep 12
489 -4:00 - AMT 1999 Sep 30
490 -4:00 Brazil AM%sT 2000 Oct 15
491 -4:00 - AMT
492#
493# east Amazonas (AM): Boca do Acre, Jutai, Manaus, Floriano Peixoto
494Zone America/Manaus -4:00:04 - LMT 1914
495 -4:00 Brazil AM%sT 1988 Sep 12
496 -4:00 - AMT 1993 Sep 28
497 -4:00 Brazil AM%sT 1994 Sep 22
498 -4:00 - AMT
499#
500# west Amazonas (AM): Atalaia do Norte, Boca do Maoco, Benjamin Constant,
501# Eirunepe, Envira, Ipixuna
502Zone America/Eirunepe -4:39:28 - LMT 1914
503 -5:00 Brazil AC%sT 1988 Sep 12
504 -5:00 - ACT 1993 Sep 28
505 -5:00 Brazil AC%sT 1994 Sep 22
506 -5:00 - ACT
507#
508# Acre (AC)
509Zone America/Rio_Branco -4:31:12 - LMT 1914
510 -5:00 Brazil AC%sT 1988 Sep 12
511 -5:00 - ACT
512
513
514# Chile
515
516# From Eduardo Krell (1995-10-19):
517# The law says to switch to DST at midnight [24:00] on the second SATURDAY
518# of October.... The law is the same for March and October.
519# (1998-09-29):
520# Because of the drought this year, the government decided to go into
521# DST earlier (saturday 9/26 at 24:00). This is a one-time change only ...
522# (unless there's another dry season next year, I guess).
523
524# From Julio I. Pacheco Troncoso (1999-03-18):
525# Because of the same drought, the government decided to end DST later,
526# on April 3, (one-time change).
527
528# From Gwillim Law (2001-05-04):
529# I came across another article in "La Tercera" about Chilean DST.
530# <http://www.tercera.cl/diario/2000/10/13/t-extras.html>
531# It clearly confirms my earlier suggestion, that DST begins at 22:00
532# on Easter Island.... But it also seems to be saying that the
533# observance of DST in Chile began in 1966, rather than 1969 as
534# ... [Shanks] has it....
535#
536# My translation:
537#
538# "The Chilean Army has announced that summer time will begin tomorrow,
539# Saturday, October 14 in continental Chile, insular Chile, and
540# Antarctica, as provided by Supreme Decree 25 of January 11, 1966.
541# By the preceding, official time in continental Chile and Chilean
542# Antarctic, and official time in Western Insular Chile, which applies
543# to Easter Island and Sala y Gomez Island, will be set forward at
544# midnight and at 22:00, respectively, by 20 minutes."
545
546# From Paul Eggert (2001-05-04):
547# Go with this article in preference to Shanks's 1969 date for modern DST.
548# Assume this rule has been used since DST was introduced in the islands.
549
550# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
551Rule Chile 1918 only - Sep 1 0:00 1:00 S
552Rule Chile 1919 only - Jul 2 0:00 0 -
553Rule Chile 1927 1931 - Sep 1 0:00 1:00 S
554Rule Chile 1928 1932 - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
555Rule Chile 1966 1997 - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S
556Rule Chile 1967 1998 - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 -
557Rule Chile 1998 only - Sep 27 4:00u 1:00 S
558Rule Chile 1999 only - Apr 4 3:00u 0 -
559Rule Chile 1999 max - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S
560Rule Chile 2000 max - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 -
561# IATA SSIM anomalies: (1990-09) says 1990-09-16; (1992-02) says 1992-03-14;
562# (1996-09) says 1998-03-08. Ignore these.
563# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
564Zone America/Santiago -4:42:40 - LMT 1890
565 -4:42:40 - SMT 1910 # Santiago Mean Time
566 -5:00 Chile CL%sT 1932 Sep # Chile Time
567 -4:00 Chile CL%sT
568Zone Pacific/Easter -7:17:28 - LMT 1890 # Mataveri
569 -7:17:28 - MMT 1932 Sep # Mataveri Mean Time
570 -7:00 Chile EAS%sT 1982 Mar 14 # Easter I Time
571 -6:00 Chile EAS%sT
572#
573# Sala y Gomez Island is like Pacific/Easter.
574# Other Chilean locations, including Juan Fernandez Is, San Ambrosio,
575# San Felix, and Antarctic bases, are like America/Santiago.
576
577# Colombia
578# Shanks specifies 24:00 for 1992 transition times; go with IATA,
579# as it seems implausible to change clocks at midnight New Year's Eve.
580# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
581Rule CO 1992 only - May 2 0:00 1:00 S
582Rule CO 1992 only - Dec 31 0:00 0 -
583# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
584Zone America/Bogota -4:56:20 - LMT 1884 Mar 13
585 -4:56:20 - BMT 1914 Nov 23 # Bogota Mean Time
586 -5:00 CO CO%sT # Colombia Time
587# Malpelo, Providencia, San Andres
588# no information; probably like America/Bogota
589
590# Curacao
591# Shanks says that Bottom and Oranjestad have been at -4:00 since
592# standard time was introduced on 1912-03-02; and that Kralendijk and Rincon
593# used Kralendijk Mean Time (-4:33:08) from 1912-02-02 to 1965-01-01.
594# This all predates our 1970 cutoff, though.
595# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
596Zone America/Curacao -4:35:44 - LMT 1912 Feb 12 # Willemstad
597 -4:30 - ANT 1965 # Netherlands Antilles Time
598 -4:00 - AST
599
600# Ecuador
601# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
602Zone America/Guayaquil -5:19:20 - LMT 1890
603 -5:14:00 - QMT 1931 # Quito Mean Time
604 -5:00 - ECT # Ecuador Time
605Zone Pacific/Galapagos -5:58:24 - LMT 1931 # Puerto Baquerizo Moreno
606 -5:00 - ECT 1986
607 -6:00 - GALT # Galapagos Time
608
609# Falklands
610
611# From Paul Eggert (2001-03-05):
612# Between 1990 and 2000 inclusive, Shanks and the IATA agree except
613# the IATA gives 1996-09-08. Go with Shanks.
614
615# From Falkland Islands Government Office, London (2001-01-22)
616# via Jesper Norgaard:
617# ... the clocks revert back to Local Mean Time at 2 am on Sunday 15
618# April 2001 and advance one hour to summer time at 2 am on Sunday 2
619# September. It is anticipated that the clocks will revert back at 2
620# am on Sunday 21 April 2002 and advance to summer time at 2 am on
621# Sunday 1 September.
622
623# From Rives McDow (2001-02-13):
624#
625# I have communicated several times with people there, and the last
626# time I had communications that was helpful was in 1998. Here is
627# what was said then:
628#
629# "The general rule was that Stanley used daylight saving and the Camp
630# did not. However for various reasons many people in the Camp have
631# started to use daylight saving (known locally as 'Stanley Time')
632# There is no rule as to who uses daylight saving - it is a matter of
633# personal choice and so it is impossible to draw a map showing who
634# uses it and who does not. Any list would be out of date as soon as
635# it was produced. This year daylight saving ended on April 18/19th
636# and started again on September 12/13th. I do not know what the rule
637# is, but can find out if you like. We do not change at the same time
638# as UK or Chile."
639#
640# I did have in my notes that the rule was "Second Saturday in Sep at
641# 0:00 until third Saturday in Apr at 0:00". I think that this does
642# not agree in some cases with Shanks; is this true?
643#
644# Also, there is no mention in the list that some areas in the
645# Falklands do not use DST. I have found in my communications there
646# that these areas are on the western half of East Falkland and all of
647# West Falkland. Stanley is the only place that consistently observes
648# DST. Again, as in other places in the world, the farmers don't like
649# it. West Falkland is almost entirely sheep farmers.
650#
651# I know one lady there that keeps a list of which farm keeps DST and
652# which doesn't each year. She runs a shop in Stanley, and says that
653# the list changes each year. She uses it to communicate to her
654# customers, catching them when they are home for lunch or dinner.
655
656# From Paul Eggert (2001-03-05):
657# For now, we'll just record the time in Stanley, since we have no
658# better info.
659
660# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
661Rule Falk 1937 1938 - Sep lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
662Rule Falk 1938 1942 - Mar Sun>=19 0:00 0 -
663Rule Falk 1939 only - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S
664Rule Falk 1940 1942 - Sep lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
665Rule Falk 1943 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 -
666Rule Falk 1983 only - Sep lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
667Rule Falk 1984 1985 - Apr lastSun 0:00 0 -
668Rule Falk 1984 only - Sep 16 0:00 1:00 S
669Rule Falk 1985 2000 - Sep Sun>=9 0:00 1:00 S
670Rule Falk 1986 2000 - Apr Sun>=16 0:00 0 -
671Rule Falk 2001 max - Apr Sun>=15 2:00 0 -
672Rule Falk 2001 max - Sep Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S
673# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
674Zone Atlantic/Stanley -3:51:24 - LMT 1890
675 -3:51:24 - SMT 1912 Mar 12 # Stanley Mean Time
676 -4:00 Falk FK%sT 1983 May # Falkland Is Time
677 -3:00 Falk FK%sT 1985 Sep 15
678 -4:00 Falk FK%sT
679
680# French Guiana
681# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
682Zone America/Cayenne -3:29:20 - LMT 1911 Jul
683 -4:00 - GFT 1967 Oct # French Guiana Time
684 -3:00 - GFT
685
686# Guyana
687# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
688Zone America/Guyana -3:52:40 - LMT 1915 Mar # Georgetown
689 -3:45 - GBGT 1966 May 26 # Br Guiana Time
690 -3:45 - GYT 1975 Jul 31 # Guyana Time
691 -3:00 - GYT 1991
692# IATA SSIM (1996-06) says -4:00. Assume a 1991 switch.
693 -4:00 - GYT
694
695# Paraguay
696# From Paul Eggert (1999-10-29):
697# Shanks (1999) says that spring transitions are from 01:00 -> 02:00,
698# and autumn transitions are from 00:00 -> 23:00. Go with earlier
699# editions of Shanks, and with the IATA, who say transitions occur at 00:00.
700# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
701Rule Para 1975 1988 - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S
702Rule Para 1975 1978 - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
703Rule Para 1979 1991 - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
704Rule Para 1989 only - Oct 22 0:00 1:00 S
705Rule Para 1990 only - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S
706Rule Para 1991 only - Oct 6 0:00 1:00 S
707Rule Para 1992 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
708Rule Para 1992 only - Oct 5 0:00 1:00 S
709Rule Para 1993 only - Mar 31 0:00 0 -
710Rule Para 1993 1995 - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S
711Rule Para 1994 1995 - Feb lastSun 0:00 0 -
712Rule Para 1996 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
713# IATA SSIM (2000-02) says 1999-10-10; ignore this for now.
714# From Steffen Thorsen (2000-10-02):
715# I have three independent reports that Paraguay changed to DST this Sunday
716# (10-01).
717#
718# Translated by Gwillim Law (2001-02-27) from
719# <a href="http://www.diarionoticias.com.py/011000/nacional/naciona1.htm">
720# Noticias, a daily paper in Asuncion, Paraguay (2000-10-01)
721# </a>:
722# Starting at 0:00 today, the clock will be set forward 60 minutes, in
723# fulfillment of Decree No. 7,273 of the Executive Power.... The time change
724# system has been operating for several years. Formerly there was a separate
725# decree each year; the new law has the same effect, but permanently. Every
726# year, the time will change on the first Sunday of October; likewise, the
727# clock will be set back on the first Sunday of March.
728#
729# From Jesper Norgaard (2001-03-06) [an official URL saying similar things]:
730# http://gateway.abc.com.py:8000/pub/pag04.mbr/artic?FHA=2001-03-03-02.24.52.900592
731#
235 -3:00 - ART
236
237# Aruba
238# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
239Zone America/Aruba -4:40:24 - LMT 1912 Feb 12 # Oranjestad
240 -4:30 - ANT 1965 # Netherlands Antilles Time
241 -4:00 - AST
242
243# Bolivia
244# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
245Zone America/La_Paz -4:32:36 - LMT 1890
246 -4:32:36 - CMT 1931 Oct 15 # Calamarca MT
247 -4:32:36 1:00 BOST 1932 Mar 21 # Bolivia ST
248 -4:00 - BOT # Bolivia Time
249
250# Brazil
251
252# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1993-11-18):
253# The mayor of Rio recently attempted to change the time zone rules
254# just in his city, in order to leave more summer time for the tourist trade.
255# The rule change lasted only part of the day;
256# the federal government refused to follow the city's rules, and business
257# was in a chaos, so the mayor backed down that afternoon.
258
259# From IATA SSIM (1996-02):
260# _Only_ the following states in BR1 observe DST: Rio Grande do Sul (RS),
261# Santa Catarina (SC), Parana (PR), Sao Paulo (SP), Rio de Janeiro (RJ),
262# Espirito Santo (ES), Minas Gerais (MG), Bahia (BA), Goias (GO),
263# Distrito Federal (DF), Tocantins (TO), Sergipe [SE] and Alagoas [AL].
264# [The last three states are new to this issue of the IATA SSIM.]
265
266# From Gwillim Law (1996-10-07):
267# Geography, history (Tocantins was part of Goias until 1989), and other
268# sources of time zone information lead me to believe that AL, SE, and TO were
269# always in BR1, and so the only change was whether or not they observed DST....
270# The earliest issue of the SSIM I have is 2/91. Each issue from then until
271# 9/95 says that DST is observed only in the ten states I quoted from 9/95,
272# along with Mato Grosso (MT) and Mato Grosso do Sul (MS), which are in BR2
273# (UTC-4).... The other two time zones given for Brazil are BR3, which is
274# UTC-5, no DST, and applies only in the state of Acre (AC); and BR4, which is
275# UTC-2, and applies to Fernando de Noronha (formerly FN, but I believe it's
276# become part of the state of Pernambuco). The boundary between BR1 and BR2
277# has never been clearly stated. They've simply been called East and West.
278# However, some conclusions can be drawn from another IATA manual: the Airline
279# Coding Directory, which lists close to 400 airports in Brazil. For each
280# airport it gives a time zone which is coded to the SSIM. From that
281# information, I'm led to conclude that the states of Amapa (AP), Ceara (CE),
282# Maranhao (MA), Paraiba (PR), Pernambuco (PE), Piaui (PI), and Rio Grande do
283# Norte (RN), and the eastern part of Para (PA) are all in BR1 without DST.
284
285# From Marcos Tadeu (1998-09-27):
286# <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/verao1.html">
287# Brazilian official page
288# </a>
289
290# From Jesper Norgaard (2000-11-03):
291# [For an official list of which regions in Brazil use which time zones, see:]
292# http://pcdsh01.on.br/Fusbr.htm
293# http://pcdsh01.on.br/Fusbrhv.htm
294
295# From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
296# The official decrees referenced below are taken from
297# <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/DecHV.html">
298# Decretos sobre o Horario de Verao no Brasil
299# </a> (1999-10-04, in Portuguese).
300# The official site for all decrees, including those not related to time, is
301# <a href="http://www.presidencia.gov.br/CCIVIL/decreto/principal_ano.htm">
302# Presidencia da Republica, Subchefia para Assuntos Juridicos, Decretos
303# </a> (in Portuguese).
304
305# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
306# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV20466.htm">20,466</a> (1931-10-01)
307# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV21896.htm">21,896</a> (1932-01-10)
308Rule Brazil 1931 only - Oct 3 11:00 1:00 S
309Rule Brazil 1932 1933 - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
310Rule Brazil 1932 only - Oct 3 0:00 1:00 S
311# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV23195.htm">23,195</a> (1933-10-10)
312# revoked DST.
313# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV27496.htm">27,496</a> (1949-11-24)
314# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV27998.htm">27,998</a> (1950-04-13)
315Rule Brazil 1949 1952 - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 S
316Rule Brazil 1950 only - Apr 16 1:00 0 -
317Rule Brazil 1951 1952 - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
318# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV32308.htm">32,308</a> (1953-02-24)
319Rule Brazil 1953 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
320# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV34724.htm">34,724</a> (1953-11-30)
321# revoked DST.
322# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV52700.htm">52,700</a> (1963-10-18)
323# established DST from 1963-10-23 00:00 to 1964-02-29 00:00
324# in SP, RJ, GB, MG, ES, due to the prolongation of the drought.
325# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV53071.htm">53,071</a> (1963-12-03)
326# extended the above decree to all of the national territory on 12-09.
327Rule Brazil 1963 only - Dec 9 0:00 1:00 S
328# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV53604.htm">53,604</a> (1964-02-25)
329# extended summer time by one day to 1964-03-01 00:00 (start of school).
330Rule Brazil 1964 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
331# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV55639.htm">55,639</a> (1965-01-27)
332Rule Brazil 1965 only - Jan 31 0:00 1:00 S
333Rule Brazil 1965 only - Mar 31 0:00 0 -
334# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV57303.htm">57,303</a> (1965-11-22)
335Rule Brazil 1965 only - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 S
336# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV57843.htm">57,843</a> (1966-02-18)
337Rule Brazil 1966 1968 - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
338Rule Brazil 1966 1967 - Nov 1 0:00 1:00 S
339# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV63429.htm">63,429</a> (1968-10-15)
340# revoked DST.
341# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV91698.htm">91,698</a> (1985-09-27)
342Rule Brazil 1985 only - Nov 2 0:00 1:00 S
343# Decree 92,310 (1986-01-21)
344# Decree 92,463 (1986-03-13)
345Rule Brazil 1986 only - Mar 15 0:00 0 -
346# Decree 93,316 (1986-10-01)
347Rule Brazil 1986 only - Oct 25 0:00 1:00 S
348Rule Brazil 1987 only - Feb 14 0:00 0 -
349# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV94922.htm">94,922</a> (1987-09-22)
350Rule Brazil 1987 only - Oct 25 0:00 1:00 S
351Rule Brazil 1988 only - Feb 7 0:00 0 -
352# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV96676.htm">96,676</a> (1988-09-12)
353# except for the states of AC, AM, PA, RR, RO, and AP (then a territory)
354Rule Brazil 1988 only - Oct 16 0:00 1:00 S
355Rule Brazil 1989 only - Jan 29 0:00 0 -
356# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV98077.htm">98,077</a> (1989-08-21)
357# with the same exceptions
358Rule Brazil 1989 only - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S
359Rule Brazil 1990 only - Feb 11 0:00 0 -
360# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV99530.htm">99,530</a> (1990-09-17)
361# adopted by RS, SC, PR, SP, RJ, ES, MG, GO, MS, DF.
362# Decree 99,629 (1990-10-19) adds BA, MT.
363Rule Brazil 1990 only - Oct 21 0:00 1:00 S
364Rule Brazil 1991 only - Feb 17 0:00 0 -
365# <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1991.htm">Unnumbered decree</a> (1991-09-25)
366# adopted by RS, SC, PR, SP, RJ, ES, MG, BA, GO, MT, MS, DF.
367Rule Brazil 1991 only - Oct 20 0:00 1:00 S
368Rule Brazil 1992 only - Feb 9 0:00 0 -
369# <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1992.htm">Unnumbered decree</a> (1992-10-16)
370# adopted by same states.
371Rule Brazil 1992 only - Oct 25 0:00 1:00 S
372Rule Brazil 1993 only - Jan 31 0:00 0 -
373# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV942.htm">942</a> (1993-09-28)
374# adopted by same states, plus AM.
375# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1252.htm">1,252</a> (1994-09-22)
376# adopted by same states, minus AM.
377# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1636.htm">1,636</a> (1995-09-14)
378# adopted by same states, plus TO.
379# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1674.htm">1,674</a> (1995-10-13)
380# adds AL, SE.
381Rule Brazil 1993 1995 - Oct Sun>=11 0:00 1:00 S
382Rule Brazil 1994 1995 - Feb Sun>=15 0:00 0 -
383Rule Brazil 1996 only - Feb 11 0:00 0 -
384# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV2000.htm">2,000</a> (1996-09-04)
385# adopted by same states, minus AL, SE.
386Rule Brazil 1996 only - Oct 6 0:00 1:00 S
387Rule Brazil 1997 only - Feb 16 0:00 0 -
388# From Daniel C. Sobral <dcs@gns.com.br> (1998-02-12):
389# In 1997, the DS began on October 6. The stated reason was that
390# because international television networks ignored Brazil's policy on DS,
391# they bought the wrong times on satellite for coverage of Pope's visit.
392# This year, the ending date of DS was postponed to March 1
393# to help dealing with the shortages of electric power.
394#
395# From Paul Eggert (1998-02-25):
396# <a href="http://churchnet.ucsm.ac.uk/news/files2/news165.htm">
397# Brazil Prepares for Papal Visit
398# </a>,
399# Church Net UK (1997-10-02).
400#
401# Decree 2,317 (1997-09-04), adopted by same states.
402Rule Brazil 1997 only - Oct 6 0:00 1:00 S
403# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/HV2495.JPG">2,495</a>
404# (1998-02-10)
405Rule Brazil 1998 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
406# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/Hv98.jpg">2,780</a> (1998-09-11)
407# adopted by the same states as before.
408Rule Brazil 1998 only - Oct 11 0:00 1:00 S
409Rule Brazil 1999 only - Feb 21 0:00 0 -
410# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/HV3150.gif">3,150</a>
411# (1999-08-23) adopted by same states.
412# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/DecHV99.gif">3,188</a> (1999-09-30)
413# adds SE, AL, PB, PE, RN, CE, PI, MA and RR.
414Rule Brazil 1999 only - Oct 3 0:00 1:00 S
415Rule Brazil 2000 only - Feb 27 0:00 0 -
416# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/DEC3592.htm">3,592</a> (2000-09-06)
417# adopted by the same states as before.
418# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/Dec3630.jpg">3,630</a> (2000-10-13)
419# repeals DST in PE and RR, effective 2000-10-15 00:00.
420# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/Dec3632.jpg">3,632</a> (2000-10-17)
421# repeals DST in SE, AL, PB, RN, CE, PI and MA, effective 2000-10-22 00:00.
422# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/HV3916.gif">3,916</a>
423# (2001-09-13) reestablishes DST in AL, CE, MA, PB, PE, PI, RN, SE.
424#
425# The latest decree listed above says that the following states observe DST:
426# AL, BA, CE, DF, ES, GO, MA, MG, MS, MT,
427# PB, PE, PI, PR, RJ, RN, RS, SC, SE, SP, TO.
428#
429# For dates after mid-2002, the following rules are guesses
430# and are quite possibly wrong, but are more likely than no DST at all.
431Rule Brazil 2000 max - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 S
432Rule Brazil 2001 max - Feb Sun>=15 0:00 0 -
433
434
435# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
436#
437# Atlantic islands: Fernando de Noronha, Trindade, Martin Vaz,
438# Atol das Rocas, and Penedos de Sao Pedro e Sao Paulo
439Zone America/Noronha -2:09:40 - LMT 1914
440 -2:00 Brazil FN%sT 1990 Sep 17
441 -2:00 - FNT
442#
443# Amapa (AP), east Para (PA)
444# East Para includes Belem, Maraba, Serra Norte, and Sao Felix do Xingu.
445Zone America/Belem -3:13:56 - LMT 1914
446 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1988 Sep 12
447 -3:00 - BRT
448#
449# Maranhao (MA), Piaui (PI), Ceara (CE), Rio Grande do Norte (RN),
450# Paraiba (PB)
451Zone America/Fortaleza -2:34:00 - LMT 1914
452 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1990 Sep 17
453 -3:00 - BRT 1999 Sep 30
454 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 2000 Oct 22
455 -3:00 - BRT 2001 Sep 13
456 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT
457#
458# Pernambuco (PE) (except Atlantic islands)
459Zone America/Recife -2:19:36 - LMT 1914
460 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1990 Sep 17
461 -3:00 - BRT 1999 Sep 30
462 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 2000 Oct 15
463 -3:00 - BRT 2001 Sep 13
464 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT
465#
466# Tocantins (TO)
467Zone America/Araguaina -3:12:48 - LMT 1914
468 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1990 Sep 17
469 -3:00 - BRT 1995 Sep 14
470 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT
471#
472# Alagoas (AL), Sergipe (SE)
473Zone America/Maceio -2:22:52 - LMT 1914
474 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1990 Sep 17
475 -3:00 - BRT 1995 Oct 13
476 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1996 Sep 4
477 -3:00 - BRT 1999 Sep 30
478 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 2000 Oct 22
479 -3:00 - BRT 2001 Sep 13
480 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT
481#
482# Bahia (BA), Goias (GO), Distrito Federal (DF), Minas Gerais (MG),
483# Espirito Santo (ES), Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Sao Paulo (SP), Parana (PR),
484# Santa Catarina (SC), Rio Grande do Sul (RS)
485Zone America/Sao_Paulo -3:06:28 - LMT 1914
486 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1963 Oct 23 00:00
487 -3:00 1:00 BRST 1964
488 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT
489#
490# Mato Grosso (MT), Mato Grosso do Sul (MS)
491Zone America/Cuiaba -3:44:20 - LMT 1914
492 -4:00 Brazil AM%sT
493#
494# west Para (PA), Rondonia (RO)
495# West Para includes Altamira, Oribidos, Prainha, Oriximina, and Santarem.
496Zone America/Porto_Velho -4:15:36 - LMT 1914
497 -4:00 Brazil AM%sT 1988 Sep 12
498 -4:00 - AMT
499#
500# Roraima (RR)
501Zone America/Boa_Vista -4:02:40 - LMT 1914
502 -4:00 Brazil AM%sT 1988 Sep 12
503 -4:00 - AMT 1999 Sep 30
504 -4:00 Brazil AM%sT 2000 Oct 15
505 -4:00 - AMT
506#
507# east Amazonas (AM): Boca do Acre, Jutai, Manaus, Floriano Peixoto
508Zone America/Manaus -4:00:04 - LMT 1914
509 -4:00 Brazil AM%sT 1988 Sep 12
510 -4:00 - AMT 1993 Sep 28
511 -4:00 Brazil AM%sT 1994 Sep 22
512 -4:00 - AMT
513#
514# west Amazonas (AM): Atalaia do Norte, Boca do Maoco, Benjamin Constant,
515# Eirunepe, Envira, Ipixuna
516Zone America/Eirunepe -4:39:28 - LMT 1914
517 -5:00 Brazil AC%sT 1988 Sep 12
518 -5:00 - ACT 1993 Sep 28
519 -5:00 Brazil AC%sT 1994 Sep 22
520 -5:00 - ACT
521#
522# Acre (AC)
523Zone America/Rio_Branco -4:31:12 - LMT 1914
524 -5:00 Brazil AC%sT 1988 Sep 12
525 -5:00 - ACT
526
527
528# Chile
529
530# From Eduardo Krell (1995-10-19):
531# The law says to switch to DST at midnight [24:00] on the second SATURDAY
532# of October.... The law is the same for March and October.
533# (1998-09-29):
534# Because of the drought this year, the government decided to go into
535# DST earlier (saturday 9/26 at 24:00). This is a one-time change only ...
536# (unless there's another dry season next year, I guess).
537
538# From Julio I. Pacheco Troncoso (1999-03-18):
539# Because of the same drought, the government decided to end DST later,
540# on April 3, (one-time change).
541
542# From Gwillim Law (2001-05-04):
543# I came across another article in "La Tercera" about Chilean DST.
544# <http://www.tercera.cl/diario/2000/10/13/t-extras.html>
545# It clearly confirms my earlier suggestion, that DST begins at 22:00
546# on Easter Island.... But it also seems to be saying that the
547# observance of DST in Chile began in 1966, rather than 1969 as
548# ... [Shanks] has it....
549#
550# My translation:
551#
552# "The Chilean Army has announced that summer time will begin tomorrow,
553# Saturday, October 14 in continental Chile, insular Chile, and
554# Antarctica, as provided by Supreme Decree 25 of January 11, 1966.
555# By the preceding, official time in continental Chile and Chilean
556# Antarctic, and official time in Western Insular Chile, which applies
557# to Easter Island and Sala y Gomez Island, will be set forward at
558# midnight and at 22:00, respectively, by 20 minutes."
559
560# From Paul Eggert (2001-05-04):
561# Go with this article in preference to Shanks's 1969 date for modern DST.
562# Assume this rule has been used since DST was introduced in the islands.
563
564# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
565Rule Chile 1918 only - Sep 1 0:00 1:00 S
566Rule Chile 1919 only - Jul 2 0:00 0 -
567Rule Chile 1927 1931 - Sep 1 0:00 1:00 S
568Rule Chile 1928 1932 - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
569Rule Chile 1966 1997 - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S
570Rule Chile 1967 1998 - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 -
571Rule Chile 1998 only - Sep 27 4:00u 1:00 S
572Rule Chile 1999 only - Apr 4 3:00u 0 -
573Rule Chile 1999 max - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S
574Rule Chile 2000 max - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 -
575# IATA SSIM anomalies: (1990-09) says 1990-09-16; (1992-02) says 1992-03-14;
576# (1996-09) says 1998-03-08. Ignore these.
577# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
578Zone America/Santiago -4:42:40 - LMT 1890
579 -4:42:40 - SMT 1910 # Santiago Mean Time
580 -5:00 Chile CL%sT 1932 Sep # Chile Time
581 -4:00 Chile CL%sT
582Zone Pacific/Easter -7:17:28 - LMT 1890 # Mataveri
583 -7:17:28 - MMT 1932 Sep # Mataveri Mean Time
584 -7:00 Chile EAS%sT 1982 Mar 14 # Easter I Time
585 -6:00 Chile EAS%sT
586#
587# Sala y Gomez Island is like Pacific/Easter.
588# Other Chilean locations, including Juan Fernandez Is, San Ambrosio,
589# San Felix, and Antarctic bases, are like America/Santiago.
590
591# Colombia
592# Shanks specifies 24:00 for 1992 transition times; go with IATA,
593# as it seems implausible to change clocks at midnight New Year's Eve.
594# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
595Rule CO 1992 only - May 2 0:00 1:00 S
596Rule CO 1992 only - Dec 31 0:00 0 -
597# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
598Zone America/Bogota -4:56:20 - LMT 1884 Mar 13
599 -4:56:20 - BMT 1914 Nov 23 # Bogota Mean Time
600 -5:00 CO CO%sT # Colombia Time
601# Malpelo, Providencia, San Andres
602# no information; probably like America/Bogota
603
604# Curacao
605# Shanks says that Bottom and Oranjestad have been at -4:00 since
606# standard time was introduced on 1912-03-02; and that Kralendijk and Rincon
607# used Kralendijk Mean Time (-4:33:08) from 1912-02-02 to 1965-01-01.
608# This all predates our 1970 cutoff, though.
609# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
610Zone America/Curacao -4:35:44 - LMT 1912 Feb 12 # Willemstad
611 -4:30 - ANT 1965 # Netherlands Antilles Time
612 -4:00 - AST
613
614# Ecuador
615# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
616Zone America/Guayaquil -5:19:20 - LMT 1890
617 -5:14:00 - QMT 1931 # Quito Mean Time
618 -5:00 - ECT # Ecuador Time
619Zone Pacific/Galapagos -5:58:24 - LMT 1931 # Puerto Baquerizo Moreno
620 -5:00 - ECT 1986
621 -6:00 - GALT # Galapagos Time
622
623# Falklands
624
625# From Paul Eggert (2001-03-05):
626# Between 1990 and 2000 inclusive, Shanks and the IATA agree except
627# the IATA gives 1996-09-08. Go with Shanks.
628
629# From Falkland Islands Government Office, London (2001-01-22)
630# via Jesper Norgaard:
631# ... the clocks revert back to Local Mean Time at 2 am on Sunday 15
632# April 2001 and advance one hour to summer time at 2 am on Sunday 2
633# September. It is anticipated that the clocks will revert back at 2
634# am on Sunday 21 April 2002 and advance to summer time at 2 am on
635# Sunday 1 September.
636
637# From Rives McDow (2001-02-13):
638#
639# I have communicated several times with people there, and the last
640# time I had communications that was helpful was in 1998. Here is
641# what was said then:
642#
643# "The general rule was that Stanley used daylight saving and the Camp
644# did not. However for various reasons many people in the Camp have
645# started to use daylight saving (known locally as 'Stanley Time')
646# There is no rule as to who uses daylight saving - it is a matter of
647# personal choice and so it is impossible to draw a map showing who
648# uses it and who does not. Any list would be out of date as soon as
649# it was produced. This year daylight saving ended on April 18/19th
650# and started again on September 12/13th. I do not know what the rule
651# is, but can find out if you like. We do not change at the same time
652# as UK or Chile."
653#
654# I did have in my notes that the rule was "Second Saturday in Sep at
655# 0:00 until third Saturday in Apr at 0:00". I think that this does
656# not agree in some cases with Shanks; is this true?
657#
658# Also, there is no mention in the list that some areas in the
659# Falklands do not use DST. I have found in my communications there
660# that these areas are on the western half of East Falkland and all of
661# West Falkland. Stanley is the only place that consistently observes
662# DST. Again, as in other places in the world, the farmers don't like
663# it. West Falkland is almost entirely sheep farmers.
664#
665# I know one lady there that keeps a list of which farm keeps DST and
666# which doesn't each year. She runs a shop in Stanley, and says that
667# the list changes each year. She uses it to communicate to her
668# customers, catching them when they are home for lunch or dinner.
669
670# From Paul Eggert (2001-03-05):
671# For now, we'll just record the time in Stanley, since we have no
672# better info.
673
674# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
675Rule Falk 1937 1938 - Sep lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
676Rule Falk 1938 1942 - Mar Sun>=19 0:00 0 -
677Rule Falk 1939 only - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S
678Rule Falk 1940 1942 - Sep lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
679Rule Falk 1943 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 -
680Rule Falk 1983 only - Sep lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
681Rule Falk 1984 1985 - Apr lastSun 0:00 0 -
682Rule Falk 1984 only - Sep 16 0:00 1:00 S
683Rule Falk 1985 2000 - Sep Sun>=9 0:00 1:00 S
684Rule Falk 1986 2000 - Apr Sun>=16 0:00 0 -
685Rule Falk 2001 max - Apr Sun>=15 2:00 0 -
686Rule Falk 2001 max - Sep Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S
687# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
688Zone Atlantic/Stanley -3:51:24 - LMT 1890
689 -3:51:24 - SMT 1912 Mar 12 # Stanley Mean Time
690 -4:00 Falk FK%sT 1983 May # Falkland Is Time
691 -3:00 Falk FK%sT 1985 Sep 15
692 -4:00 Falk FK%sT
693
694# French Guiana
695# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
696Zone America/Cayenne -3:29:20 - LMT 1911 Jul
697 -4:00 - GFT 1967 Oct # French Guiana Time
698 -3:00 - GFT
699
700# Guyana
701# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
702Zone America/Guyana -3:52:40 - LMT 1915 Mar # Georgetown
703 -3:45 - GBGT 1966 May 26 # Br Guiana Time
704 -3:45 - GYT 1975 Jul 31 # Guyana Time
705 -3:00 - GYT 1991
706# IATA SSIM (1996-06) says -4:00. Assume a 1991 switch.
707 -4:00 - GYT
708
709# Paraguay
710# From Paul Eggert (1999-10-29):
711# Shanks (1999) says that spring transitions are from 01:00 -> 02:00,
712# and autumn transitions are from 00:00 -> 23:00. Go with earlier
713# editions of Shanks, and with the IATA, who say transitions occur at 00:00.
714# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
715Rule Para 1975 1988 - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S
716Rule Para 1975 1978 - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
717Rule Para 1979 1991 - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
718Rule Para 1989 only - Oct 22 0:00 1:00 S
719Rule Para 1990 only - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S
720Rule Para 1991 only - Oct 6 0:00 1:00 S
721Rule Para 1992 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
722Rule Para 1992 only - Oct 5 0:00 1:00 S
723Rule Para 1993 only - Mar 31 0:00 0 -
724Rule Para 1993 1995 - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S
725Rule Para 1994 1995 - Feb lastSun 0:00 0 -
726Rule Para 1996 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
727# IATA SSIM (2000-02) says 1999-10-10; ignore this for now.
728# From Steffen Thorsen (2000-10-02):
729# I have three independent reports that Paraguay changed to DST this Sunday
730# (10-01).
731#
732# Translated by Gwillim Law (2001-02-27) from
733# <a href="http://www.diarionoticias.com.py/011000/nacional/naciona1.htm">
734# Noticias, a daily paper in Asuncion, Paraguay (2000-10-01)
735# </a>:
736# Starting at 0:00 today, the clock will be set forward 60 minutes, in
737# fulfillment of Decree No. 7,273 of the Executive Power.... The time change
738# system has been operating for several years. Formerly there was a separate
739# decree each year; the new law has the same effect, but permanently. Every
740# year, the time will change on the first Sunday of October; likewise, the
741# clock will be set back on the first Sunday of March.
742#
743# From Jesper Norgaard (2001-03-06) [an official URL saying similar things]:
744# http://gateway.abc.com.py:8000/pub/pag04.mbr/artic?FHA=2001-03-03-02.24.52.900592
745#
732Rule Para 1996 max - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
746Rule Para 1996 2001 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
733# IATA SSIM (1997-09) says Mar 1; go with Shanks.
734Rule Para 1997 only - Feb lastSun 0:00 0 -
735# Shanks says 1999-02-28; IATA SSIM (1999-02) says 1999-02-27, but
736# (1999-09) reports no date; go with above sources and Gerd Knops (2001-02-27).
747# IATA SSIM (1997-09) says Mar 1; go with Shanks.
748Rule Para 1997 only - Feb lastSun 0:00 0 -
749# Shanks says 1999-02-28; IATA SSIM (1999-02) says 1999-02-27, but
750# (1999-09) reports no date; go with above sources and Gerd Knops (2001-02-27).
737Rule Para 1998 max - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
751Rule Para 1998 2001 - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
752# From Rives McDow (2002-02-28):
753# A decree was issued in Paraguay (no. 16350) on 2002-02-26 that changed the
754# dst method to be from the first Sunday in September to the first Sunday in
755# April.
756Rule Para 2002 max - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
757Rule Para 2002 max - Sep Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
738
758
759
739# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
740Zone America/Asuncion -3:50:40 - LMT 1890
741 -3:50:40 - AMT 1931 Oct 10 # Asuncion Mean Time
742 -4:00 - PYT 1972 Oct # Paraguay Time
743 -3:00 - PYT 1974 Apr
744 -4:00 Para PY%sT
745
746# Peru
747# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
748Rule Peru 1938 only - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 S
749Rule Peru 1938 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
750Rule Peru 1938 1939 - Sep lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
751Rule Peru 1939 1940 - Mar Sun>=24 0:00 0 -
752Rule Peru 1987 only - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 S
753Rule Peru 1987 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
754Rule Peru 1990 only - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 S
755Rule Peru 1990 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
756# IATA is ambiguous for 1993/1995; go with Shanks.
757Rule Peru 1994 only - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 S
758Rule Peru 1994 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
759# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
760Zone America/Lima -5:08:12 - LMT 1890
761 -5:08:36 - LMT 1908 Jul 28 # Lima Mean Time?
762 -5:00 Peru PE%sT # Peru Time
763
764# South Georgia
765# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
766Zone Atlantic/South_Georgia -2:26:08 - LMT 1890 # Grytviken
767 -2:00 - GST # South Georgia Time
768
769# South Sandwich Is
770# uninhabited; scientific personnel have wintered
771
772# Suriname
773# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
774Zone America/Paramaribo -3:40:40 - LMT 1911
775 -3:40:52 - PMT 1935 # Paramaribo Mean Time
776 -3:40:36 - PMT 1945 Oct # The capital moved?
777 -3:30 - NEGT 1975 Nov 20 # Dutch Guiana Time
778 -3:30 - SRT 1984 Oct # Suriname Time
779 -3:00 - SRT
780
781# Trinidad and Tobago
782# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
783Zone America/Port_of_Spain -4:06:04 - LMT 1912 Mar 2
784 -4:00 - AST
785
786# Uruguay
787# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1993-11-18):
788# Uruguay wins the prize for the strangest peacetime manipulation of the rules.
789# From Shanks:
790# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
791# Whitman gives 1923 Oct 1; go with Shanks.
792Rule Uruguay 1923 only - Oct 2 0:00 0:30 HS
793Rule Uruguay 1924 1926 - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
794Rule Uruguay 1924 1925 - Oct 1 0:00 0:30 HS
795Rule Uruguay 1933 1935 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0:30 HS
796# Shanks gives 1935 Apr 1 0:00 and 1936 Mar 30 0:00; go with Whitman.
797Rule Uruguay 1934 1936 - Mar Sat>=25 23:30s 0 -
798Rule Uruguay 1936 only - Nov 1 0:00 0:30 HS
799Rule Uruguay 1937 1941 - Mar lastSun 0:00 0 -
800# Whitman gives 1937 Oct 3; go with Shanks.
801Rule Uruguay 1937 1940 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0:30 HS
802# Whitman gives 1941 Oct 24 - 1942 Mar 27, 1942 Dec 14 - 1943 Apr 13,
803# and 1943 Apr 13 ``to present time''; go with Shanks.
804Rule Uruguay 1941 only - Aug 1 0:00 0 -
805Rule Uruguay 1942 only - Jan 1 0:00 0:30 HS
806Rule Uruguay 1942 only - Dec 14 0:00 1:00 S
807Rule Uruguay 1943 only - Mar 14 0:00 0 -
808Rule Uruguay 1959 only - May 24 0:00 1:00 S
809Rule Uruguay 1959 only - Nov 15 0:00 0 -
810Rule Uruguay 1960 only - Jan 17 0:00 1:00 S
811Rule Uruguay 1960 only - Mar 6 0:00 0 -
812Rule Uruguay 1965 1967 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
813Rule Uruguay 1965 only - Sep 26 0:00 0 -
814Rule Uruguay 1966 1967 - Oct 31 0:00 0 -
815Rule Uruguay 1968 1970 - May 27 0:00 0:30 HS
816Rule Uruguay 1968 1970 - Dec 2 0:00 0 -
817Rule Uruguay 1972 only - Apr 24 0:00 1:00 S
818Rule Uruguay 1972 only - Aug 15 0:00 0 -
819Rule Uruguay 1974 only - Mar 10 0:00 0:30 HS
820Rule Uruguay 1974 only - Dec 22 0:00 1:00 S
821Rule Uruguay 1976 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
822Rule Uruguay 1977 only - Dec 4 0:00 1:00 S
823Rule Uruguay 1978 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
824Rule Uruguay 1979 only - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S
825Rule Uruguay 1980 only - May 1 0:00 0 -
826Rule Uruguay 1987 only - Dec 14 0:00 1:00 S
827Rule Uruguay 1988 only - Mar 14 0:00 0 -
828Rule Uruguay 1988 only - Dec 11 0:00 1:00 S
829Rule Uruguay 1989 only - Mar 12 0:00 0 -
830Rule Uruguay 1989 only - Oct 29 0:00 1:00 S
831# Shanks says no DST was observed in 1990/1 and 1991/2,
832# and that 1992/3's DST was from 10-25 to 03-01. Go with IATA.
833Rule Uruguay 1990 1992 - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
834Rule Uruguay 1990 1991 - Oct Sun>=21 0:00 1:00 S
835Rule Uruguay 1992 only - Oct 18 0:00 1:00 S
836Rule Uruguay 1993 only - Feb 28 0:00 0 -
837# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
838Zone America/Montevideo -3:44:44 - LMT 1898 Jun 28
839 -3:44:44 - MMT 1920 May 1 # Montevideo MT
840 -3:30 Uruguay UY%sT 1942 Dec 14 # Uruguay Time
841 -3:00 Uruguay UY%sT
842
843# Venezuela
844# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
845Zone America/Caracas -4:27:44 - LMT 1890
846 -4:27:40 - CMT 1912 Feb 12 # Caracas Mean Time?
847 -4:30 - VET 1965 # Venezuela Time
848 -4:00 - VET
760# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
761Zone America/Asuncion -3:50:40 - LMT 1890
762 -3:50:40 - AMT 1931 Oct 10 # Asuncion Mean Time
763 -4:00 - PYT 1972 Oct # Paraguay Time
764 -3:00 - PYT 1974 Apr
765 -4:00 Para PY%sT
766
767# Peru
768# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
769Rule Peru 1938 only - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 S
770Rule Peru 1938 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
771Rule Peru 1938 1939 - Sep lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
772Rule Peru 1939 1940 - Mar Sun>=24 0:00 0 -
773Rule Peru 1987 only - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 S
774Rule Peru 1987 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
775Rule Peru 1990 only - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 S
776Rule Peru 1990 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
777# IATA is ambiguous for 1993/1995; go with Shanks.
778Rule Peru 1994 only - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 S
779Rule Peru 1994 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
780# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
781Zone America/Lima -5:08:12 - LMT 1890
782 -5:08:36 - LMT 1908 Jul 28 # Lima Mean Time?
783 -5:00 Peru PE%sT # Peru Time
784
785# South Georgia
786# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
787Zone Atlantic/South_Georgia -2:26:08 - LMT 1890 # Grytviken
788 -2:00 - GST # South Georgia Time
789
790# South Sandwich Is
791# uninhabited; scientific personnel have wintered
792
793# Suriname
794# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
795Zone America/Paramaribo -3:40:40 - LMT 1911
796 -3:40:52 - PMT 1935 # Paramaribo Mean Time
797 -3:40:36 - PMT 1945 Oct # The capital moved?
798 -3:30 - NEGT 1975 Nov 20 # Dutch Guiana Time
799 -3:30 - SRT 1984 Oct # Suriname Time
800 -3:00 - SRT
801
802# Trinidad and Tobago
803# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
804Zone America/Port_of_Spain -4:06:04 - LMT 1912 Mar 2
805 -4:00 - AST
806
807# Uruguay
808# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1993-11-18):
809# Uruguay wins the prize for the strangest peacetime manipulation of the rules.
810# From Shanks:
811# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
812# Whitman gives 1923 Oct 1; go with Shanks.
813Rule Uruguay 1923 only - Oct 2 0:00 0:30 HS
814Rule Uruguay 1924 1926 - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
815Rule Uruguay 1924 1925 - Oct 1 0:00 0:30 HS
816Rule Uruguay 1933 1935 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0:30 HS
817# Shanks gives 1935 Apr 1 0:00 and 1936 Mar 30 0:00; go with Whitman.
818Rule Uruguay 1934 1936 - Mar Sat>=25 23:30s 0 -
819Rule Uruguay 1936 only - Nov 1 0:00 0:30 HS
820Rule Uruguay 1937 1941 - Mar lastSun 0:00 0 -
821# Whitman gives 1937 Oct 3; go with Shanks.
822Rule Uruguay 1937 1940 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0:30 HS
823# Whitman gives 1941 Oct 24 - 1942 Mar 27, 1942 Dec 14 - 1943 Apr 13,
824# and 1943 Apr 13 ``to present time''; go with Shanks.
825Rule Uruguay 1941 only - Aug 1 0:00 0 -
826Rule Uruguay 1942 only - Jan 1 0:00 0:30 HS
827Rule Uruguay 1942 only - Dec 14 0:00 1:00 S
828Rule Uruguay 1943 only - Mar 14 0:00 0 -
829Rule Uruguay 1959 only - May 24 0:00 1:00 S
830Rule Uruguay 1959 only - Nov 15 0:00 0 -
831Rule Uruguay 1960 only - Jan 17 0:00 1:00 S
832Rule Uruguay 1960 only - Mar 6 0:00 0 -
833Rule Uruguay 1965 1967 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
834Rule Uruguay 1965 only - Sep 26 0:00 0 -
835Rule Uruguay 1966 1967 - Oct 31 0:00 0 -
836Rule Uruguay 1968 1970 - May 27 0:00 0:30 HS
837Rule Uruguay 1968 1970 - Dec 2 0:00 0 -
838Rule Uruguay 1972 only - Apr 24 0:00 1:00 S
839Rule Uruguay 1972 only - Aug 15 0:00 0 -
840Rule Uruguay 1974 only - Mar 10 0:00 0:30 HS
841Rule Uruguay 1974 only - Dec 22 0:00 1:00 S
842Rule Uruguay 1976 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
843Rule Uruguay 1977 only - Dec 4 0:00 1:00 S
844Rule Uruguay 1978 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
845Rule Uruguay 1979 only - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S
846Rule Uruguay 1980 only - May 1 0:00 0 -
847Rule Uruguay 1987 only - Dec 14 0:00 1:00 S
848Rule Uruguay 1988 only - Mar 14 0:00 0 -
849Rule Uruguay 1988 only - Dec 11 0:00 1:00 S
850Rule Uruguay 1989 only - Mar 12 0:00 0 -
851Rule Uruguay 1989 only - Oct 29 0:00 1:00 S
852# Shanks says no DST was observed in 1990/1 and 1991/2,
853# and that 1992/3's DST was from 10-25 to 03-01. Go with IATA.
854Rule Uruguay 1990 1992 - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
855Rule Uruguay 1990 1991 - Oct Sun>=21 0:00 1:00 S
856Rule Uruguay 1992 only - Oct 18 0:00 1:00 S
857Rule Uruguay 1993 only - Feb 28 0:00 0 -
858# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
859Zone America/Montevideo -3:44:44 - LMT 1898 Jun 28
860 -3:44:44 - MMT 1920 May 1 # Montevideo MT
861 -3:30 Uruguay UY%sT 1942 Dec 14 # Uruguay Time
862 -3:00 Uruguay UY%sT
863
864# Venezuela
865# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
866Zone America/Caracas -4:27:44 - LMT 1890
867 -4:27:40 - CMT 1912 Feb 12 # Caracas Mean Time?
868 -4:30 - VET 1965 # Venezuela Time
869 -4:00 - VET