5# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better, 6# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to 7# tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future). 8 9# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1999-03-22): 10# A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is 11# Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997). 12 13############################################################################### 14 15# United States 16 17# From Paul Eggert (1999-03-31): 18# Howse writes (pp 121-125) that time zones were invented by 19# Professor Charles Ferdinand Dowd (1825-1904), 20# Principal of Temple Grove Ladies' Seminary (Saratoga Springs, NY). 21# His pamphlet ``A System of National Time for Railroads'' (1870) 22# was the result of his proposals at the Convention of Railroad Trunk Lines 23# in New York City (1869-10). His 1870 proposal was based on Washington, DC, 24# but in 1872-05 he moved the proposed origin to Greenwich. 25# His proposal was adopted by the railroads on 1883-11-18 at 12:00, 26# and the most of the country soon followed suit. 27 28# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1995-12-19): 29# A good source for time zone historical data in the US is 30# Thomas G. Shanks, The American Atlas (5th edition), 31# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1991). 32# Make sure you have the errata sheet; the book is somewhat useless without it. 33# It is the source for the US and Puerto Rico entries below. 34 35# From Paul Eggert (1996-06-12): 36# Daylight Saving Time was first suggested as a joke by Benjamin Franklin 37# in his whimsical essay ``Turkey vs Eagle, McCauley is my Beagle'' (1784). 38# Not everyone is happy with the results: 39# 40# I don't really care how time is reckoned so long as there is some 41# agreement about it, but I object to being told that I am saving 42# daylight when my reason tells me that I am doing nothing of the kind. 43# I even object to the implication that I am wasting something 44# valuable if I stay in bed after the sun has risen. As an admirer 45# of moonlight I resent the bossy insistence of those who want to 46# reduce my time for enjoying it. At the back of the Daylight Saving 47# scheme I detect the bony, blue-fingered hand of Puritanism, eager 48# to push people into bed earlier, and get them up earlier, to make 49# them healthy, wealthy and wise in spite of themselves. 50# 51# -- Robertson Davies, The Diary of Samuel Marchbanks (1947), XIX, Sunday 52 53# From Arthur David Olson: 54# US Daylight Saving Time ended on the last Sunday of *October* in 1974. 55# See, for example, the front page of the Saturday, 1974-10-26 56# and Sunday, 1974-10-27 editions of the Washington Post. 57 58# From Arthur David Olson: 59# Before the Uniform Time Act of 1966 took effect in 1967, observance of 60# Daylight Saving Time in the US was by local option, except during wartime. 61 62# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 63Rule US 1918 1919 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 W # War 64Rule US 1918 1919 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S 65Rule US 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War 66Rule US 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S 67Rule US 1967 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S 68Rule US 1967 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D 69Rule US 1974 only - Jan 6 2:00 1:00 D 70Rule US 1975 only - Feb 23 2:00 1:00 D 71Rule US 1976 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D 72Rule US 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D 73# <a href="http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/bdquery/z?d106:h.r.00177:"> 74# H.R.177 75# </a> (introduced 1999-01-06) would change April to March in the above rule. 76 77# From Bob Devine (1988-01-28): 78# ...Alaska (and Hawaii) had the timezone names changed in 1967. 79# old new 80# Pacific Standard Time(PST) -same- 81# Yukon Standard Time(YST) -same- 82# Central Alaska S.T. (CAT) Alaska-Hawaii St[an]dard Time (AHST) 83# Nome Standard Time (NT) Bering Standard Time (BST) 84# 85# ...Alaska's timezone lines were redrawn in 1983 to give only 2 tz. 86# The YST zone now covers nearly all of the state, AHST just part 87# of the Aleutian islands. No DST. 88 89# From Paul Eggert (1995-12-19): 90# The tables below use `NST', not `NT', for Nome Standard Time. 91# I invented `CAWT' for Central Alaska War Time. 92 93# From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19): 94# USA EASTERN 5 H BEHIND UTC NEW YORK, WASHINGTON 95# USA EASTERN 4 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30 96# USA CENTRAL 6 H BEHIND UTC CHICAGO, HOUSTON 97# USA CENTRAL 5 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30 98# USA MOUNTAIN 7 H BEHIND UTC DENVER 99# USA MOUNTAIN 6 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30 100# USA PACIFIC 8 H BEHIND UTC L.A., SAN FRANCISCO 101# USA PACIFIC 7 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30 102# USA ALASKA STD 9 H BEHIND UTC MOST OF ALASKA (AKST) 103# USA ALASKA STD 8 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30 (AKDT) 104# USA ALEUTIAN 10 H BEHIND UTC ISLANDS WEST OF 170W 105# USA - " - 9 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30 106# USA HAWAII 10 H BEHIND UTC 107# USA BERING 11 H BEHIND UTC SAMOA, MIDWAY 108 109# From Arthur David Olson (1989-01-21): 110# The above dates are for 1988. 111# Note the "AKST" and "AKDT" abbreviations, the claim that there's 112# no DST in Samoa, and the claim that there is DST in Alaska and the 113# Aleutians. 114 115# From Arthur David Olson (1988-02-13): 116# Legal standard time zone names, from United States Code (1982 Edition and 117# Supplement III), Title 15, Chapter 6, Section 260 and forward. First, names 118# up to 1967-04-01 (when most provisions of the Uniform Time Act of 1966 119# took effect), as explained in sections 263 and 261: 120# (none) 121# United States standard eastern time 122# United States standard mountain time 123# United States standard central time 124# United States standard Pacific time 125# (none) 126# United States standard Alaska time 127# (none) 128# Next, names from 1967-04-01 until 1983-11-30 (the date for 129# public law 98-181): 130# Atlantic standard time 131# eastern standard time 132# central standard time 133# mountain standard time 134# Pacific standard time 135# Yukon standard time 136# Alaska-Hawaii standard time 137# Bering standard time 138# And after 1983-11-30: 139# Atlantic standard time 140# eastern standard time 141# central standard time 142# mountain standard time 143# Pacific standard time 144# Alaska standard time 145# Hawaii-Aleutian standard time 146# Samoa standard time 147# The law doesn't give abbreviations. 148# 149# From Paul Eggert (1995-12-19): 150# Shanks uses 1983-10-30, not 1983-11-30, for the 1983 transitions. 151# Go with Shanks. 152 153# US Eastern time, represented by New York 154# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER 155Rule NYC 1920 only - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D 156Rule NYC 1920 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S 157Rule NYC 1921 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D 158Rule NYC 1921 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S 159Rule NYC 1955 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S 160# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 161Zone America/New_York -4:56:02 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00 162 -5:00 US E%sT 1920 163 -5:00 NYC E%sT 1942 164 -5:00 US E%sT 1946 165 -5:00 NYC E%sT 1967 166 -5:00 US E%sT 167 168# US Central time, represented by Chicago 169# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER 170Rule Chicago 1920 only - Jun 13 2:00 1:00 D 171Rule Chicago 1920 1921 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S 172Rule Chicago 1921 only - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D 173Rule Chicago 1922 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D 174Rule Chicago 1922 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S 175Rule Chicago 1955 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S 176# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 177Zone America/Chicago -5:50:36 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00 178 -6:00 US C%sT 1920 179 -6:00 Chicago C%sT 1936 Mar 1 2:00 180 -5:00 - EST 1936 Nov 15 2:00 181 -6:00 Chicago C%sT 1942 182 -6:00 US C%sT 1946 183 -6:00 Chicago C%sT 1967 184 -6:00 US C%sT 185 186# US Mountain time, represented by Denver 187# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER 188Rule Denver 1920 1921 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D 189Rule Denver 1920 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S 190Rule Denver 1921 only - May 22 2:00 0 S 191Rule Denver 1965 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D 192Rule Denver 1965 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S 193# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 194Zone America/Denver -6:59:56 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00 195 -7:00 US M%sT 1920 196 -7:00 Denver M%sT 1942 197 -7:00 US M%sT 1946 198 -7:00 Denver M%sT 1967 199 -7:00 US M%sT 200 201# US Pacific time, represented by Los Angeles 202# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER 203Rule CA 1948 only - Mar 14 2:00 1:00 D 204Rule CA 1949 only - Jan 1 2:00 0 S 205Rule CA 1950 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D 206Rule CA 1950 1961 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S 207Rule CA 1962 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S 208# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 209Zone America/Los_Angeles -7:52:58 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00 210 -8:00 US P%sT 1946 211 -8:00 CA P%sT 1967 212 -8:00 US P%sT 213 214# Alaska 215# AK%sT is the modern abbreviation for -9:00 per USNO. 216# 217# From Paul Eggert (1995-12-19): 218# Howse writes that Alaska switched from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar, 219# and from east-of-GMT to west-of-GMT days, when the US bought it from Russia. 220# This was on 1867-10-18. We omit this transition, since we can't represent 221# changes from Julian to Gregorian. 222# 223# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 224Zone America/Juneau -8:57:41 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00 225 -8:00 - PST 1942 226 -8:00 US P%sT 1946 227 -8:00 - PST 1969 228 -8:00 US P%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00 229 -9:00 US AK%sT 230Zone America/Yakutat -9:18:55 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00 231 -9:00 - YST 1942 232 -9:00 US Y%sT 1946 233 -9:00 - YST 1969 234 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00 235 -9:00 US AK%sT 236Zone America/Anchorage -9:59:36 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00 237 -10:00 - CAT 1942 238 -10:00 US CAT/CAWT 1946 239 -10:00 - CAT 1967 Apr 240 -10:00 - AHST 1969 241 -10:00 US AH%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00 242 -9:00 US AK%sT 243Zone America/Nome -11:01:38 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00 244 -11:00 - NST 1942 245 -11:00 US N%sT 1946 246 -11:00 - NST 1967 Apr 247 -11:00 - BST 1969 248 -11:00 US B%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00 249 -9:00 US AK%sT 250Zone America/Adak -11:46:38 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00 251 -11:00 - NST 1942 252 -11:00 US N%sT 1946 253 -11:00 - NST 1967 Apr 254 -11:00 - BST 1969 255 -11:00 US B%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00 256 -10:00 US HA%sT 257# Shanks writes that part of southwest Alaska (e.g. Aniak) 258# switched from -11:00 to -10:00 on 1968-09-22 at 02:00, 259# and another part (e.g. Akiak) made the same switch five weeks later. 260# These switches don't quite make our 1970 cutoff. 261 262# Hawaii 263# 264# From Arthur David Olson: 265# And then there's Hawaii. 266# DST was observed for one day in 1933; 267# standard time was changed by half an hour in 1947; 268# it's always standard as of 1986. 269# 270# From Paul Eggert: 271# Shanks says the 1933 experiment lasted for three weeks. Go with Shanks. 272# 273Zone Pacific/Honolulu -10:31:26 - LMT 1900 Jan 1 12:00 274 -10:30 - HST 1933 Apr 30 2:00 275 -10:30 1:00 HDT 1933 May 21 2:00 276 -10:30 US H%sT 1947 Jun 8 2:00 277 -10:00 - HST 278 279# Now we turn to US areas that have diverged from the consensus since 1970. 280 281# Arizona mostly uses MST. 282Zone America/Phoenix -7:28:18 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00 283 -7:00 US M%sT 1944 Jan 1 00:01 284 -7:00 - MST 1944 Mar 17 00:01 285 -7:00 US M%sT 1944 Oct 1 00:01 286 -7:00 - MST 1967 287 -7:00 US M%sT 1968 288 -7:00 - MST 289# From Arthur David Olson (1988-02-13): 290# A writer from the Inter Tribal Council of Arizona, Inc., 291# notes in private correspondence dated 12/28/87 that "Presently, only the 292# Navajo Nation participates in the Daylight Saving Time policy, due to its 293# large size and location in three states." (The "only" means that other 294# tribal nations don't use DST.) 295 296Link America/Denver America/Shiprock 297 298# Southern Idaho and eastern Oregon switched four weeks late in 1974. 299# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 300Zone America/Boise -7:44:49 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00 301 -8:00 US P%sT 1923 May 13 2:00 302 -7:00 US M%sT 1974 303 -7:00 - MST 1974 Feb 3 2:00 304 -7:00 US M%sT 305 306# Indiana 307# 308# For a map of Indiana's time zone regions, see: 309# <a href="http://www.mccsc.edu/time.html"> 310# What time is it in Indiana? 311# </a> (1999-04-06) 312# 313# From Paul Eggert (1995-12-19): 314# Indiana generally observes either EST all year, or CST/CDT, 315# but areas near Cincinnati and Louisville use those cities' timekeeping 316# and in 1969 and 1970 the whole state observed daylight time; 317# and there are other exceptions as noted below. 318# Shanks partitions Indiana into 345 regions, each with its own time history, 319# and writes ``Even newspaper reports present contradictory information.'' 320# Fortunately, most of the complexity occurred before our cutoff date of 1970. 321# 322# Since 1970, EST-only Indiana has been like America/Indianapolis, 323# with exceptions noted below for Crawford, Starke, and Switzerland counties. 324# The parts of Indiana not listed below have been like America/Chicago, 325# America/Louisville, or America/New_York. 326# 327# Other than Indianapolis, the Indiana place names are so nondescript 328# that they would be ambiguous if we left them at the `America' level. 329# So we reluctantly put them all in a subdirectory `America/Indiana'. 330# 331# Most of EST-only Indiana last observed DST in 1970. 332# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER 333Rule Indianapolis 1941 only - Jun 22 2:00 1:00 D 334Rule Indianapolis 1941 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S 335Rule Indianapolis 1946 1954 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D 336# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 337Zone America/Indianapolis -5:44:38 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00 338 -6:00 US C%sT 1920 339 -6:00 Indianapolis C%sT 1942 340 -6:00 US C%sT 1946 341 -6:00 Indianapolis C%sT 1955 Apr 24 2:00 342 -5:00 - EST 1957 Sep 29 2:00 343 -6:00 - CST 1958 Apr 27 2:00 344 -5:00 - EST 1969 345 -5:00 US E%sT 1971 346 -5:00 - EST 347Link America/Indianapolis America/Indiana/Indianapolis 348# 349# Part of Crawford County, Indiana, last observed DST in 1975, 350# and left its clocks alone in 1974. 351# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER 352Rule Marengo 1951 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D 353Rule Marengo 1951 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S 354Rule Marengo 1954 1960 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D 355Rule Marengo 1954 1960 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S 356# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 357Zone America/Indiana/Marengo -5:45:23 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00 358 -6:00 US C%sT 1951 359 -6:00 Marengo C%sT 1961 Apr 30 2:00 360 -5:00 - EST 1969 361 -5:00 US E%sT 1974 Jan 6 2:00 362 -6:00 1:00 CDT 1974 Oct 27 2:00 363 -5:00 US E%sT 1976 364 -5:00 - EST 365# 366# Starke County, Indiana 367# From Arthur David Olson (1991-10-28): 368# An article on page A3 of the Sunday, 1991-10-27 Washington Post 369# notes that Starke County switched from Central time to Eastern time as of 370# 1991-10-27. 371# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER 372Rule Starke 1947 1961 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D 373Rule Starke 1947 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S 374Rule Starke 1955 1956 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S 375Rule Starke 1957 1958 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S 376Rule Starke 1959 1961 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S 377# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 378Zone America/Indiana/Knox -5:46:30 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00 379 -6:00 US C%sT 1947 380 -6:00 Starke C%sT 1962 Apr 29 2:00 381 -5:00 - EST 1963 Oct 27 2:00 382 -6:00 US C%sT 1991 Oct 27 2:00 383 -5:00 - EST 384# 385# Switzerland County, Indiana, last observed DST in 1972. 386# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 387Zone America/Indiana/Vevay -5:40:16 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00 388 -6:00 US C%sT 1954 Apr 25 2:00 389 -5:00 - EST 1969 390 -5:00 US E%sT 1973 391 -5:00 - EST 392 393# Part of Kentucky left its clocks alone in 1974. 394# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER 395Rule Louisville 1921 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D 396Rule Louisville 1921 only - Sep 1 2:00 0 S 397Rule Louisville 1941 1961 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D 398Rule Louisville 1941 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S 399Rule Louisville 1946 only - Jun 2 2:00 0 S 400Rule Louisville 1950 1955 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S 401Rule Louisville 1956 1960 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S 402# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 403Zone America/Louisville -5:43:02 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00 404 -6:00 US C%sT 1921 405 -6:00 Louisville C%sT 1942 406 -6:00 US C%sT 1946 407 -6:00 Louisville C%sT 1961 Jul 23 2:00 408 -5:00 - EST 1968 409 -5:00 US E%sT 1974 Jan 6 2:00 410 -6:00 1:00 CDT 1974 Oct 27 2:00 411 -5:00 US E%sT 412# Wayne, Clinton, and Russell Counties, Kentucky 413# From 414# <a href="http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname=1999_register&docid=99-26945-filed"> 415# Federal Register Doc. 99-26945 416# </a> (1999-10-14 08:45-04) 417# In response to a petition by the Wayne County, Kentucky, Fiscal Court, 418# the Department of Transportation (DOT) proposed to move Wayne County, 419# Kentucky, from the Central Time Zone to the Eastern Time Zone.... Now 420# the earliest date that the proposed change might take effect is 421# October 29, 2000. 422# 423# From 424# <a href="http://www.lake-cumberland.com/life/archive/news990129time.shtml"> 425# Lake Cumberland LIFE 426# </a> (1999-01-29) via WKYM-101.7: 427# Clinton County has joined Wayne County in asking the DoT to change from 428# the Central to the Eastern time zone.... The Wayne County government made 429# the same request in December. And while Russell County officials have not 430# taken action, the majority of respondents to a poll conducted there in 431# August indicated they would like to change to "fast time" also. 432# The three Lake Cumberland counties are the farthest east of any U.S. 433# location in the Central time zone. 434 435# Michigan 436# 437# From Bob Devine (1988-01-28): 438# Michigan didn't observe DST from 1968 to 1973. 439# 440# From Paul Eggert (1999-03-31): 441# Shanks writes that Michigan started using standard time on 1885-09-18, 442# but Howse writes (pp 124-125, referring to Popular Astronomy, 1901-01) 443# that Detroit kept 444# 445# local time until 1900 when the City Council decreed that clocks should 446# be put back twenty-eight minutes to Central Standard Time. Half the 447# city obeyed, half refused. After considerable debate, the decision 448# was rescinded and the city reverted to Sun time. A derisive offer to 449# erect a sundial in front of the city hall was referred to the 450# Committee on Sewers. Then, in 1905, Central time was adopted 451# by city vote. 452# 453# This story is too entertaining to be false, so go with Howse over Shanks. 454# 455# Most of Michigan observed DST from 1973 on, but was a bit late in 1975. 456# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER 457Rule Detroit 1948 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D 458Rule Detroit 1948 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S 459Rule Detroit 1967 only - Jun 14 2:00 1:00 D 460Rule Detroit 1967 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S 461# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 462Zone America/Detroit -5:32:11 - LMT 1905 463 -6:00 - CST 1915 May 15 2:00 464 -5:00 - EST 1942 465 -5:00 US E%sT 1946 466 -5:00 Detroit E%sT 1973 467 -5:00 US E%sT 1975 468 -5:00 - EST 1975 Apr 27 2:00 469 -5:00 US E%sT 470# 471# The Michigan border with Wisconsin switched from EST to CST/CDT in 1973. 472# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER 473Rule Menominee 1946 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D 474Rule Menominee 1946 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S 475Rule Menominee 1966 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D 476Rule Menominee 1966 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S 477# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 478Zone America/Menominee -5:50:27 - LMT 1885 Sep 18 12:00 479 -6:00 US C%sT 1946 480 -6:00 Menominee C%sT 1969 Apr 27 2:00 481 -5:00 - EST 1973 Apr 29 2:00 482 -6:00 US C%sT 483 484# Navassa 485# claimed by US under the provisions of the 1856 Guano Islands Act 486# also claimed by Haiti 487# occupied 1857/1900 by the Navassa Phosphate Co 488# US lighthouse 1917/1997-01 489# currently uninhabited 490# see Mark Fineman, ``An Isle Rich in Guano and Discord'', 491# _Los Angeles Times_ (1998-11-10), A1, A10; it cites 492# Jimmy Skaggs, _The Great Guano Rush_ (1994). 493 494# Old names, for S5 users 495 496# Link LINK-FROM LINK-TO 497Link America/New_York EST5EDT 498Link America/Chicago CST6CDT 499Link America/Denver MST7MDT 500Link America/Los_Angeles PST8PDT 501Link America/Indianapolis EST 502Link America/Phoenix MST 503Link Pacific/Honolulu HST 504 505################################################################################ 506 507 508# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1999-10-29): 509# A good source for time zone historical data outside the US is 510# Thomas G. Shanks, The International Atlas (5th edition), 511# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1999). 512# 513# Gwillim Law <Gwil_Law@bridge-point.com> writes that a good source 514# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport 515# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM), 516# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries 517# of the IATA's data after 1990. 518# 519# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks is the source for entries through 1990, 520# and IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990. 521# 522# Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences, 523# Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which 524# I found in the UCLA library. 525# 526# See the `europe' file for Greenland. 527 528# Canada 529 530# From Alain LaBont<e'> <ALB@immedia.ca> (1994-11-14): 531# I post here the time zone abbreviations standardized in Canada 532# for both English and French in the CAN/CSA-Z234.4-89 standard.... 533# 534# UTC Standard time Daylight savings time 535# offset French English French English 536# -2:30 - - HAT NDT 537# -3 - - HAA ADT 538# -3:30 HNT NST - - 539# -4 HNA AST HAE EDT 540# -5 HNE EST HAC CDT 541# -6 HNC CST HAR MDT 542# -7 HNR MST HAP PDT 543# -8 HNP PST HAY YDT 544# -9 HNY YST - - 545# 546# HN: Heure Normale ST: Standard Time 547# HA: Heure Avanc<e'>e DT: Daylight saving Time 548# 549# A: de l'Atlantique Atlantic 550# C: du Centre Central 551# E: de l'Est Eastern 552# M: Mountain 553# N: Newfoundland 554# P: du Pacifique Pacific 555# R: des Rocheuses 556# T: de Terre-Neuve 557# Y: du Yukon Yukon 558# 559# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1994-11-22): 560# Alas, this sort of thing must be handled by localization software. 561 562# The data for Canada are all from Shanks. 563 564 565# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 566Rule Canada 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D 567Rule Canada 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S 568Rule Canada 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 D 569Rule Canada 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S 570Rule Canada 1974 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D 571Rule Canada 1974 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S 572Rule Canada 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D 573 574 575# Newfoundland (except Labrador) 576 577# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 578Rule StJohns 1917 1918 - Apr Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D 579Rule StJohns 1917 only - Sep 17 2:00 0 S 580Rule StJohns 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S 581# Whitman gives 1919 Apr 5 and 1920 Apr 5; go with Shanks. 582Rule StJohns 1919 only - May 5 23:00 1:00 D 583Rule StJohns 1919 only - Aug 12 23:00 0 S 584# For 1931-1935 Whitman gives Apr same date; go with Shanks. 585Rule StJohns 1920 1935 - May Sun>=1 23:00 1:00 D 586Rule StJohns 1920 1935 - Oct lastSun 23:00 0 S 587# For 1936-1941 Shanks gives May Mon>=9 and Oct Mon>=2; go with Whitman. 588Rule StJohns 1936 1941 - May Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 D 589Rule StJohns 1936 1941 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 S 590# Shanks gives 1942 May 11 - 1945 Sep 30; go with Whitman. 591Rule StJohns 1942 only - Mar 1 0:00 1:00 D 592Rule StJohns 1942 only - Dec 31 0:00 0 S 593Rule StJohns 1943 only - May 30 0:00 1:00 D 594Rule StJohns 1943 only - Sep 5 0:00 0 S 595Rule StJohns 1944 only - Jul 10 0:00 1:00 D 596Rule StJohns 1944 only - Sep 2 0:00 0 S 597Rule StJohns 1945 only - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 D 598Rule StJohns 1945 only - Oct 7 2:00 0 S 599# For 1946-9 Whitman gives May 5,4,9,1 - Oct 1,5,3,2, and for 1950 he gives 600# Apr 30 - Sep 24; go with Shanks. 601Rule StJohns 1946 1950 - May Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D 602Rule StJohns 1946 1950 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00 0 S 603Rule StJohns 1951 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D 604Rule StJohns 1951 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S 605Rule StJohns 1960 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S 606Rule StJohns 1987 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D 607Rule StJohns 1988 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 2:00 DD 608Rule StJohns 1989 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D 609# St John's has an apostrophe, but Posix file names can't have apostrophes. 610# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 611Zone America/St_Johns -3:30:52 - LMT 1884 612 -3:30:52 StJohns N%sT 1935 Mar 30 613 -3:30 StJohns N%sT 614 615 616# east Labrador 617 618# The name `Happy Valley-Goose Bay' is too long; use `Goose Bay'. 619# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 620Zone America/Goose_Bay -4:01:40 - LMT 1884 # Happy Valley-Goose Bay 621 -3:30:52 StJohns NST 1919 622 -3:30:52 - NST 1935 Mar 30 623 -3:30 - NST 1936 624 -3:30 StJohns N%sT 1966 Mar 15 2:00 625 -4:00 StJohns A%sT 626 627 628# west Labrador, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward I 629 630# From Paul Eggert (1996-06-12): 631# Shanks writes that since 1970 most of this region has been like Halifax. 632# Many locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1972; 633# Glace Bay, NS is the largest that we know of. 634# Shanks also writes that Liverpool, NS was the only town in Canada to observe 635# DST in 1971 but not 1970; for now we'll assume this is a typo. 636 637# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 638Rule Halifax 1916 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 639Rule Halifax 1916 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 640Rule Halifax 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D 641Rule Halifax 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S 642Rule Halifax 1920 only - May 9 0:00 1:00 D 643Rule Halifax 1920 only - Aug 29 0:00 0 S 644Rule Halifax 1921 only - May 6 0:00 1:00 D 645Rule Halifax 1921 1922 - Sep 5 0:00 0 S 646Rule Halifax 1922 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D 647Rule Halifax 1923 1925 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D 648Rule Halifax 1923 only - Sep 4 0:00 0 S 649Rule Halifax 1924 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S 650Rule Halifax 1925 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 S 651Rule Halifax 1926 only - May 16 0:00 1:00 D 652Rule Halifax 1926 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S 653Rule Halifax 1927 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D 654Rule Halifax 1927 only - Sep 26 0:00 0 S 655Rule Halifax 1928 1931 - May Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 D 656Rule Halifax 1928 only - Sep 9 0:00 0 S 657Rule Halifax 1929 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S 658Rule Halifax 1930 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S 659Rule Halifax 1931 1932 - Sep Mon>=24 0:00 0 S 660Rule Halifax 1933 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D 661Rule Halifax 1933 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 S 662Rule Halifax 1934 only - May 20 0:00 1:00 D 663Rule Halifax 1934 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 S 664Rule Halifax 1935 only - Jun 2 0:00 1:00 D 665Rule Halifax 1935 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 S 666Rule Halifax 1936 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D 667Rule Halifax 1936 only - Sep 14 0:00 0 S 668Rule Halifax 1937 1938 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D 669Rule Halifax 1937 1941 - Sep Mon>=24 0:00 0 S 670Rule Halifax 1939 only - May 28 0:00 1:00 D 671Rule Halifax 1940 1941 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D 672Rule Halifax 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 D 673Rule Halifax 1945 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S 674Rule Halifax 1946 1959 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D 675Rule Halifax 1962 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D 676Rule Halifax 1962 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S 677Rule Halifax 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D 678# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 679Zone America/Halifax -4:14:24 - LMT 1902 Jun 15 680 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 681Zone America/Glace_Bay -3:59:48 - LMT 1902 Jun 15 682 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1953 683 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1954 684 -4:00 - AST 1972 685 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 686 687 688# Ontario, Quebec 689 690# From Paul Eggert (1996-06-12): 691# Shanks writes that since 1970 most of this region has been like Montreal. 692# Thunder Bay skipped DST in 1973. 693# Many smaller locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1974; 694# Nipigon (EST) and Rainy River (CST) are the largest that we know of. 695# Far west Ontario is like Winnipeg; far east Quebec is like Halifax. 696 697# From Paul Eggert (1997-10-17): 698# msb@sq.com writes that an article in the 1997-10-14 Toronto Star 699# says that Atikokan, Ontario currently does not observe DST, 700# but will vote on 11-10 whether to use EST/EDT. 701# He also writes that the 702# <a href="http://www.gov.on.ca/MBS/english/publications/statregs/conttext.html"> 703# Ontario Time Act (1990, Chapter T.9) 704# </a> 705# says that Ontario east of 90W uses EST/EDT, and west of 90W uses CST/CDT. 706# Officially Atikokan is therefore on CST/CDT, and most likely this report 707# concerns a non-official time observed as a matter of local practice. 708# For what it's worth, Shanks says that Atikokan has agreed with 709# Rainy River ever since standard time was introduced. 710 711# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 712Rule Mont 1917 only - Mar 25 2:00 1:00 D 713Rule Mont 1917 only - Apr 24 0:00 0 S 714Rule Mont 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D 715Rule Mont 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S 716Rule Mont 1919 only - Mar 31 2:30 1:00 D 717Rule Mont 1919 only - Oct 25 2:30 0 S 718Rule Mont 1920 only - May 2 2:30 1:00 D 719Rule Mont 1920 only - Oct 3 2:30 0 S 720Rule Mont 1921 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D 721Rule Mont 1921 only - Oct 2 2:30 0 S 722Rule Mont 1922 only - Apr 30 2:00 1:00 D 723Rule Mont 1922 only - Oct 1 2:30 0 S 724Rule Mont 1924 only - May 17 2:00 1:00 D 725Rule Mont 1924 1926 - Sep lastSun 2:30 0 S 726Rule Mont 1925 1926 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D 727Rule Mont 1927 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D 728Rule Mont 1927 1932 - Sep Sun>=25 0:00 0 S 729Rule Mont 1928 1931 - Apr Sun>=25 0:00 1:00 D 730Rule Mont 1932 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D 731Rule Mont 1933 1940 - Apr Sun>=24 0:00 1:00 D 732Rule Mont 1933 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 733Rule Mont 1934 1939 - Sep Sun>=24 0:00 0 S 734Rule Mont 1945 1948 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S 735Rule Mont 1946 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D 736Rule Mont 1949 1950 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S 737Rule Mont 1951 1956 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S 738Rule Mont 1957 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S 739Rule Mont 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D 740# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 741Zone America/Montreal -4:54:16 - LMT 1884 742 -5:00 Mont E%sT 743Zone America/Thunder_Bay -5:57:00 - LMT 1895 744 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1970 745 -5:00 Mont E%sT 1973 746 -5:00 - EST 1974 747 -5:00 Canada E%sT 748Zone America/Nipigon -5:53:04 - LMT 1895 749 -5:00 Canada E%sT 750Zone America/Rainy_River -6:17:56 - LMT 1895 751 -6:00 Canada C%sT 752 753 754# Manitoba 755 756# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 757Rule Winn 1916 only - Apr 23 0:00 1:00 D 758Rule Winn 1916 only - Sep 17 0:00 0 S 759Rule Winn 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D 760Rule Winn 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S 761Rule Winn 1937 only - May 16 2:00 1:00 D 762Rule Winn 1937 only - Sep 26 2:00 0 S 763Rule Winn 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 D 764Rule Winn 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S 765Rule Winn 1946 only - May 12 2:00 1:00 D 766Rule Winn 1946 only - Oct 13 2:00 0 S 767Rule Winn 1947 1949 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D 768Rule Winn 1947 1949 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S 769Rule Winn 1950 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D 770Rule Winn 1950 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S 771Rule Winn 1951 1960 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D 772Rule Winn 1951 1958 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S 773Rule Winn 1959 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S 774Rule Winn 1960 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S 775Rule Winn 1963 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D 776Rule Winn 1963 only - Sep 22 2:00 0 S 777Rule Winn 1966 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D 778Rule Winn 1966 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S 779Rule Winn 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D 780# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 781Zone America/Winnipeg -6:28:36 - LMT 1887 Jul 16 782 -6:00 Winn C%sT 783 784 785# Saskatchewan 786 787# From Paul Eggert (1996-06-12): 788# Shanks writes that since 1970 most of this region has been like Regina. 789# Some western towns (e.g. Swift Current) switched from MST/MDT to CST in 1972. 790# Other western towns (e.g. Lloydminster) are like Edmonton. 791 792# From W. Jones <jones@skdad.usask.ca> (1992-11-06): 793# The. . .below is based on information I got from our law library, the 794# provincial archives, and the provincial Community Services department. 795# A precise history would require digging through newspaper archives, and 796# since you didn't say what you wanted, I didn't bother. 797# 798# Saskatchewan is split by a time zone meridian (105W) and over the years 799# the boundary became pretty ragged as communities near it reevaluated 800# their affiliations in one direction or the other. In 1965 a provincial 801# referendum favoured legislating common time practices. 802# 803# On 15 April 1966 the Time Act (c. T-14, Revised Statutes of 804# Saskatchewan 1978) was proclaimed, and established that the eastern 805# part of Saskatchewan would use CST year round, that districts in 806# northwest Saskatchewan would by default follow CST but could opt to 807# follow Mountain Time rules (thus 1 hour difference in the winter and 808# zero in the summer), and that districts in southwest Saskatchewan would 809# by default follow MT but could opt to follow CST. 810# 811# It took a few years for the dust to settle (I know one story of a town 812# on one time zone having its school in another, such that a mom had to 813# serve her family lunch in two shifts), but presently it seems that only 814# a few towns on the border with Alberta (e.g. Lloydminster) follow MT 815# rules any more; all other districts appear to have used CST year round 816# since sometime in the 1960s. 817 818# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 819Rule Regina 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D 820Rule Regina 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S 821Rule Regina 1930 1934 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D 822Rule Regina 1930 1934 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 S 823Rule Regina 1937 1941 - Apr Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 D 824Rule Regina 1937 only - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S 825Rule Regina 1938 only - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 S 826Rule Regina 1939 1941 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S 827Rule Regina 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 D 828Rule Regina 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S 829Rule Regina 1946 only - Apr Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D 830Rule Regina 1946 only - Oct Sun>=8 2:00 0 S 831Rule Regina 1947 1959 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D 832Rule Regina 1947 1958 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S 833Rule Regina 1959 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S 834# 835Rule Swift 1957 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D 836Rule Swift 1957 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S 837Rule Swift 1959 1961 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D 838Rule Swift 1959 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S 839Rule Swift 1960 1961 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S 840# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 841Zone America/Regina -6:58:36 - LMT 1905 Sep 842 -7:00 Regina M%sT 1960 Apr lastSun 2:00 843 -6:00 - CST 844Zone America/Swift_Current -7:11:20 - LMT 1905 Sep 845 -7:00 Canada M%sT 1946 Apr lastSun 2:00 846 -7:00 Regina M%sT 1950 847 -7:00 Swift M%sT 1972 Apr lastSun 2:00 848 -6:00 - CST 849 850 851# Alberta 852 853# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 854Rule Edm 1918 1919 - Apr Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D 855Rule Edm 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S 856Rule Edm 1919 only - May 27 2:00 0 S 857Rule Edm 1920 1923 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D 858Rule Edm 1920 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S 859Rule Edm 1921 1923 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S 860Rule Edm 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 D 861Rule Edm 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S 862Rule Edm 1947 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D 863Rule Edm 1947 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S 864Rule Edm 1967 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D 865Rule Edm 1967 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S 866Rule Edm 1969 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D 867Rule Edm 1969 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S 868Rule Edm 1972 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D 869Rule Edm 1972 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S 870Rule Edm 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D 871# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 872Zone America/Edmonton -7:33:52 - LMT 1906 Sep 873 -7:00 Edm M%sT 874 875 876# British Columbia 877 878# From Paul Eggert (1996-06-12): 879# Shanks writes that since 1970 most of this region has been like Vancouver. 880# Dawson Creek uses MST. Much of east BC is like Edmonton. 881 882# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 883Rule Vanc 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D 884Rule Vanc 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S 885Rule Vanc 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 D 886Rule Vanc 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S 887Rule Vanc 1946 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D 888Rule Vanc 1946 only - Oct 13 2:00 0 S 889Rule Vanc 1947 1961 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S 890Rule Vanc 1962 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S 891Rule Vanc 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D 892# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 893Zone America/Vancouver -8:12:28 - LMT 1884 894 -8:00 Vanc P%sT 895Zone America/Dawson_Creek -8:00:56 - LMT 1884 896 -8:00 Canada P%sT 1947 897 -8:00 Vanc P%sT 1972 Aug 30 2:00 898 -7:00 - MST 899 900 901# Northwest Territories, Nunavut, Yukon 902 903# From Paul Eggert (1999-10-29): 904# Dawson switched to PST in 1973. Inuvik switched to MST in 1979. 905# Mathew Englander <mathew@io.org> (1996-10-07) gives the following refs: 906# * 1967. Paragraph 28(34)(g) of the Interpretation Act, S.C. 1967-68, 907# c. 7 defines Yukon standard time as UTC-9. This is still valid; 908# see Interpretation Act, R.S.C. 1985, c. I-21, s. 35(1). 909# * C.O. 1973/214 switched Yukon to PST on 1973-10-28 00:00. 910# * O.I.C. 1980/02 established DST. 911# * O.I.C. 1987/056 changed DST to Apr firstSun 2:00 to Oct lastSun 2:00. 912# Shanks says Yukon's 1973-10-28 switch was at 2:00; go with Englander. 913 914# From Rives McDow (1999-09-04): 915# Nunavut ... moved ... to incorporate the whole territory into one time zone. 916# <a href="http://www.nunatsiaq.com/nunavut/nvt90903_13.html"> 917# Nunavut moves to single time zone Oct. 31 918# </a> 919# 920# From Antoine Leca (1999-09-06): 921# We then need to create a new timezone for the Kitikmeot region of Nunavut 922# to differentiate it from the Yellowknife region. 923 924# From Paul Eggert (1999-09-20): 925# <a href="http://www.nunavut.com/basicfacts/english/basicfacts_1territory.html"> 926# Basic Facts: The New Territory 927# </a> (1999) reports that Pangnirtung operates on Eastern time, 928# and that Coral Harbour does not observe DST. We don't know when 929# Pangnirtung switched to Eastern time; we'll guess 1995. 930# We'll ignore the claim about Coral Harbour for now, 931# since we have no further info. 932 933# From Rives McDow (1999-11-08): 934# On October 31, when the rest of Nunavut went to Central time, 935# Pangnirtung wobbled. Here is the result of their wobble: 936# 937# The following businesses and organizations in Pangnirtung use Central Time: 938# 939# First Air, Power Corp, Nunavut Construction, Health Center, RCMP, 940# Eastern Arctic National Parks, A & D Specialist 941# 942# The following businesses and organizations in Pangnirtung use Eastern Time: 943# 944# Hamlet office, All other businesses, Both schools, Airport operator 945# 946# This has made for an interesting situation there, which warranted the news. 947# No one there that I spoke with seems concerned, or has plans to 948# change the local methods of keeping time, as it evidently does not 949# really interfere with any activities or make things difficult locally. 950# They plan to celebrate New Year's turn-over twice, one hour apart, 951# so it appears that the situation will last at least that long. 952# The Nunavut Intergovernmental Affairs hopes that they will "come to 953# their senses", but the locals evidently don't see any problem with 954# the current state of affairs. 955 956# From Michaela Rodrigue, writing in the 957# <a href="http://www.nunatsiaq.com/archives/nunavut991130/nvt91119_17.html"> 958# Nunatsiaq News (1999-11-19)</a>: 959# Clyde River, Pangnirtung and Sanikiluaq now operate with two time zones, 960# central - or Nunavut time - for government offices, and eastern time 961# for municipal offices and schools.... Igloolik [was similar but then] 962# made the switch to central time on Saturday, Nov. 6. 963 964# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 965Rule NT_YK 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D 966Rule NT_YK 1918 only - Oct 27 2:00 0 S 967Rule NT_YK 1919 only - May 25 2:00 1:00 D 968Rule NT_YK 1919 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 S 969Rule NT_YK 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 D 970Rule NT_YK 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S 971Rule NT_YK 1965 only - Apr lastSun 0:00 2:00 DD 972Rule NT_YK 1965 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S 973Rule NT_YK 1980 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D 974Rule NT_YK 1980 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S 975Rule NT_YK 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D 976# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 977Zone America/Pangnirtung -4:22:56 - LMT 1884 978 -4:00 NT_YK A%sT 1995 Apr Sun>=1 2:00 979 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1999 Oct 31 2:00 980 -6:00 Canada C%sT 981Zone America/Iqaluit -4:33:52 - LMT 1884 # Frobisher Bay before 1987 982 -5:00 NT_YK E%sT 1999 Oct 31 2:00 983 -6:00 Canada C%sT 984Zone America/Rankin_Inlet -6:08:40 - LMT 1884 985 -6:00 NT_YK C%sT 986Zone America/Cambridge_Bay -7:00:20 - LMT 1884 987 -7:00 NT_YK M%sT 1999 Oct 31 2:00 988 -6:00 Canada C%sT 989Zone America/Yellowknife -7:37:24 - LMT 1884 990 -7:00 NT_YK M%sT 991Zone America/Inuvik -8:54:00 - LMT 1884 992 -8:00 NT_YK P%sT 1979 Apr lastSun 2:00 993 -7:00 NT_YK M%sT 994Zone America/Whitehorse -9:00:12 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 995 -9:00 NT_YK Y%sT 1966 Jul 1 2:00 996 -8:00 NT_YK P%sT 997Zone America/Dawson -9:17:40 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 998 -9:00 NT_YK Y%sT 1973 Oct 28 0:00 999 -8:00 NT_YK P%sT 1000 1001 1002############################################################################### 1003 1004# Mexico 1005
| 6# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better, 7# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to 8# tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future). 9 10# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1999-03-22): 11# A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is 12# Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997). 13 14############################################################################### 15 16# United States 17 18# From Paul Eggert (1999-03-31): 19# Howse writes (pp 121-125) that time zones were invented by 20# Professor Charles Ferdinand Dowd (1825-1904), 21# Principal of Temple Grove Ladies' Seminary (Saratoga Springs, NY). 22# His pamphlet ``A System of National Time for Railroads'' (1870) 23# was the result of his proposals at the Convention of Railroad Trunk Lines 24# in New York City (1869-10). His 1870 proposal was based on Washington, DC, 25# but in 1872-05 he moved the proposed origin to Greenwich. 26# His proposal was adopted by the railroads on 1883-11-18 at 12:00, 27# and the most of the country soon followed suit. 28 29# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1995-12-19): 30# A good source for time zone historical data in the US is 31# Thomas G. Shanks, The American Atlas (5th edition), 32# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1991). 33# Make sure you have the errata sheet; the book is somewhat useless without it. 34# It is the source for the US and Puerto Rico entries below. 35 36# From Paul Eggert (1996-06-12): 37# Daylight Saving Time was first suggested as a joke by Benjamin Franklin 38# in his whimsical essay ``Turkey vs Eagle, McCauley is my Beagle'' (1784). 39# Not everyone is happy with the results: 40# 41# I don't really care how time is reckoned so long as there is some 42# agreement about it, but I object to being told that I am saving 43# daylight when my reason tells me that I am doing nothing of the kind. 44# I even object to the implication that I am wasting something 45# valuable if I stay in bed after the sun has risen. As an admirer 46# of moonlight I resent the bossy insistence of those who want to 47# reduce my time for enjoying it. At the back of the Daylight Saving 48# scheme I detect the bony, blue-fingered hand of Puritanism, eager 49# to push people into bed earlier, and get them up earlier, to make 50# them healthy, wealthy and wise in spite of themselves. 51# 52# -- Robertson Davies, The Diary of Samuel Marchbanks (1947), XIX, Sunday 53 54# From Arthur David Olson: 55# US Daylight Saving Time ended on the last Sunday of *October* in 1974. 56# See, for example, the front page of the Saturday, 1974-10-26 57# and Sunday, 1974-10-27 editions of the Washington Post. 58 59# From Arthur David Olson: 60# Before the Uniform Time Act of 1966 took effect in 1967, observance of 61# Daylight Saving Time in the US was by local option, except during wartime. 62 63# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 64Rule US 1918 1919 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 W # War 65Rule US 1918 1919 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S 66Rule US 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War 67Rule US 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S 68Rule US 1967 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S 69Rule US 1967 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D 70Rule US 1974 only - Jan 6 2:00 1:00 D 71Rule US 1975 only - Feb 23 2:00 1:00 D 72Rule US 1976 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D 73Rule US 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D 74# <a href="http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/bdquery/z?d106:h.r.00177:"> 75# H.R.177 76# </a> (introduced 1999-01-06) would change April to March in the above rule. 77 78# From Bob Devine (1988-01-28): 79# ...Alaska (and Hawaii) had the timezone names changed in 1967. 80# old new 81# Pacific Standard Time(PST) -same- 82# Yukon Standard Time(YST) -same- 83# Central Alaska S.T. (CAT) Alaska-Hawaii St[an]dard Time (AHST) 84# Nome Standard Time (NT) Bering Standard Time (BST) 85# 86# ...Alaska's timezone lines were redrawn in 1983 to give only 2 tz. 87# The YST zone now covers nearly all of the state, AHST just part 88# of the Aleutian islands. No DST. 89 90# From Paul Eggert (1995-12-19): 91# The tables below use `NST', not `NT', for Nome Standard Time. 92# I invented `CAWT' for Central Alaska War Time. 93 94# From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19): 95# USA EASTERN 5 H BEHIND UTC NEW YORK, WASHINGTON 96# USA EASTERN 4 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30 97# USA CENTRAL 6 H BEHIND UTC CHICAGO, HOUSTON 98# USA CENTRAL 5 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30 99# USA MOUNTAIN 7 H BEHIND UTC DENVER 100# USA MOUNTAIN 6 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30 101# USA PACIFIC 8 H BEHIND UTC L.A., SAN FRANCISCO 102# USA PACIFIC 7 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30 103# USA ALASKA STD 9 H BEHIND UTC MOST OF ALASKA (AKST) 104# USA ALASKA STD 8 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30 (AKDT) 105# USA ALEUTIAN 10 H BEHIND UTC ISLANDS WEST OF 170W 106# USA - " - 9 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30 107# USA HAWAII 10 H BEHIND UTC 108# USA BERING 11 H BEHIND UTC SAMOA, MIDWAY 109 110# From Arthur David Olson (1989-01-21): 111# The above dates are for 1988. 112# Note the "AKST" and "AKDT" abbreviations, the claim that there's 113# no DST in Samoa, and the claim that there is DST in Alaska and the 114# Aleutians. 115 116# From Arthur David Olson (1988-02-13): 117# Legal standard time zone names, from United States Code (1982 Edition and 118# Supplement III), Title 15, Chapter 6, Section 260 and forward. First, names 119# up to 1967-04-01 (when most provisions of the Uniform Time Act of 1966 120# took effect), as explained in sections 263 and 261: 121# (none) 122# United States standard eastern time 123# United States standard mountain time 124# United States standard central time 125# United States standard Pacific time 126# (none) 127# United States standard Alaska time 128# (none) 129# Next, names from 1967-04-01 until 1983-11-30 (the date for 130# public law 98-181): 131# Atlantic standard time 132# eastern standard time 133# central standard time 134# mountain standard time 135# Pacific standard time 136# Yukon standard time 137# Alaska-Hawaii standard time 138# Bering standard time 139# And after 1983-11-30: 140# Atlantic standard time 141# eastern standard time 142# central standard time 143# mountain standard time 144# Pacific standard time 145# Alaska standard time 146# Hawaii-Aleutian standard time 147# Samoa standard time 148# The law doesn't give abbreviations. 149# 150# From Paul Eggert (1995-12-19): 151# Shanks uses 1983-10-30, not 1983-11-30, for the 1983 transitions. 152# Go with Shanks. 153 154# US Eastern time, represented by New York 155# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER 156Rule NYC 1920 only - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D 157Rule NYC 1920 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S 158Rule NYC 1921 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D 159Rule NYC 1921 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S 160Rule NYC 1955 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S 161# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 162Zone America/New_York -4:56:02 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00 163 -5:00 US E%sT 1920 164 -5:00 NYC E%sT 1942 165 -5:00 US E%sT 1946 166 -5:00 NYC E%sT 1967 167 -5:00 US E%sT 168 169# US Central time, represented by Chicago 170# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER 171Rule Chicago 1920 only - Jun 13 2:00 1:00 D 172Rule Chicago 1920 1921 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S 173Rule Chicago 1921 only - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D 174Rule Chicago 1922 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D 175Rule Chicago 1922 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S 176Rule Chicago 1955 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S 177# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 178Zone America/Chicago -5:50:36 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00 179 -6:00 US C%sT 1920 180 -6:00 Chicago C%sT 1936 Mar 1 2:00 181 -5:00 - EST 1936 Nov 15 2:00 182 -6:00 Chicago C%sT 1942 183 -6:00 US C%sT 1946 184 -6:00 Chicago C%sT 1967 185 -6:00 US C%sT 186 187# US Mountain time, represented by Denver 188# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER 189Rule Denver 1920 1921 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D 190Rule Denver 1920 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S 191Rule Denver 1921 only - May 22 2:00 0 S 192Rule Denver 1965 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D 193Rule Denver 1965 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S 194# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 195Zone America/Denver -6:59:56 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00 196 -7:00 US M%sT 1920 197 -7:00 Denver M%sT 1942 198 -7:00 US M%sT 1946 199 -7:00 Denver M%sT 1967 200 -7:00 US M%sT 201 202# US Pacific time, represented by Los Angeles 203# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER 204Rule CA 1948 only - Mar 14 2:00 1:00 D 205Rule CA 1949 only - Jan 1 2:00 0 S 206Rule CA 1950 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D 207Rule CA 1950 1961 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S 208Rule CA 1962 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S 209# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 210Zone America/Los_Angeles -7:52:58 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00 211 -8:00 US P%sT 1946 212 -8:00 CA P%sT 1967 213 -8:00 US P%sT 214 215# Alaska 216# AK%sT is the modern abbreviation for -9:00 per USNO. 217# 218# From Paul Eggert (1995-12-19): 219# Howse writes that Alaska switched from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar, 220# and from east-of-GMT to west-of-GMT days, when the US bought it from Russia. 221# This was on 1867-10-18. We omit this transition, since we can't represent 222# changes from Julian to Gregorian. 223# 224# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 225Zone America/Juneau -8:57:41 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00 226 -8:00 - PST 1942 227 -8:00 US P%sT 1946 228 -8:00 - PST 1969 229 -8:00 US P%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00 230 -9:00 US AK%sT 231Zone America/Yakutat -9:18:55 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00 232 -9:00 - YST 1942 233 -9:00 US Y%sT 1946 234 -9:00 - YST 1969 235 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00 236 -9:00 US AK%sT 237Zone America/Anchorage -9:59:36 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00 238 -10:00 - CAT 1942 239 -10:00 US CAT/CAWT 1946 240 -10:00 - CAT 1967 Apr 241 -10:00 - AHST 1969 242 -10:00 US AH%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00 243 -9:00 US AK%sT 244Zone America/Nome -11:01:38 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00 245 -11:00 - NST 1942 246 -11:00 US N%sT 1946 247 -11:00 - NST 1967 Apr 248 -11:00 - BST 1969 249 -11:00 US B%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00 250 -9:00 US AK%sT 251Zone America/Adak -11:46:38 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00 252 -11:00 - NST 1942 253 -11:00 US N%sT 1946 254 -11:00 - NST 1967 Apr 255 -11:00 - BST 1969 256 -11:00 US B%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00 257 -10:00 US HA%sT 258# Shanks writes that part of southwest Alaska (e.g. Aniak) 259# switched from -11:00 to -10:00 on 1968-09-22 at 02:00, 260# and another part (e.g. Akiak) made the same switch five weeks later. 261# These switches don't quite make our 1970 cutoff. 262 263# Hawaii 264# 265# From Arthur David Olson: 266# And then there's Hawaii. 267# DST was observed for one day in 1933; 268# standard time was changed by half an hour in 1947; 269# it's always standard as of 1986. 270# 271# From Paul Eggert: 272# Shanks says the 1933 experiment lasted for three weeks. Go with Shanks. 273# 274Zone Pacific/Honolulu -10:31:26 - LMT 1900 Jan 1 12:00 275 -10:30 - HST 1933 Apr 30 2:00 276 -10:30 1:00 HDT 1933 May 21 2:00 277 -10:30 US H%sT 1947 Jun 8 2:00 278 -10:00 - HST 279 280# Now we turn to US areas that have diverged from the consensus since 1970. 281 282# Arizona mostly uses MST. 283Zone America/Phoenix -7:28:18 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00 284 -7:00 US M%sT 1944 Jan 1 00:01 285 -7:00 - MST 1944 Mar 17 00:01 286 -7:00 US M%sT 1944 Oct 1 00:01 287 -7:00 - MST 1967 288 -7:00 US M%sT 1968 289 -7:00 - MST 290# From Arthur David Olson (1988-02-13): 291# A writer from the Inter Tribal Council of Arizona, Inc., 292# notes in private correspondence dated 12/28/87 that "Presently, only the 293# Navajo Nation participates in the Daylight Saving Time policy, due to its 294# large size and location in three states." (The "only" means that other 295# tribal nations don't use DST.) 296 297Link America/Denver America/Shiprock 298 299# Southern Idaho and eastern Oregon switched four weeks late in 1974. 300# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 301Zone America/Boise -7:44:49 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00 302 -8:00 US P%sT 1923 May 13 2:00 303 -7:00 US M%sT 1974 304 -7:00 - MST 1974 Feb 3 2:00 305 -7:00 US M%sT 306 307# Indiana 308# 309# For a map of Indiana's time zone regions, see: 310# <a href="http://www.mccsc.edu/time.html"> 311# What time is it in Indiana? 312# </a> (1999-04-06) 313# 314# From Paul Eggert (1995-12-19): 315# Indiana generally observes either EST all year, or CST/CDT, 316# but areas near Cincinnati and Louisville use those cities' timekeeping 317# and in 1969 and 1970 the whole state observed daylight time; 318# and there are other exceptions as noted below. 319# Shanks partitions Indiana into 345 regions, each with its own time history, 320# and writes ``Even newspaper reports present contradictory information.'' 321# Fortunately, most of the complexity occurred before our cutoff date of 1970. 322# 323# Since 1970, EST-only Indiana has been like America/Indianapolis, 324# with exceptions noted below for Crawford, Starke, and Switzerland counties. 325# The parts of Indiana not listed below have been like America/Chicago, 326# America/Louisville, or America/New_York. 327# 328# Other than Indianapolis, the Indiana place names are so nondescript 329# that they would be ambiguous if we left them at the `America' level. 330# So we reluctantly put them all in a subdirectory `America/Indiana'. 331# 332# Most of EST-only Indiana last observed DST in 1970. 333# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER 334Rule Indianapolis 1941 only - Jun 22 2:00 1:00 D 335Rule Indianapolis 1941 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S 336Rule Indianapolis 1946 1954 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D 337# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 338Zone America/Indianapolis -5:44:38 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00 339 -6:00 US C%sT 1920 340 -6:00 Indianapolis C%sT 1942 341 -6:00 US C%sT 1946 342 -6:00 Indianapolis C%sT 1955 Apr 24 2:00 343 -5:00 - EST 1957 Sep 29 2:00 344 -6:00 - CST 1958 Apr 27 2:00 345 -5:00 - EST 1969 346 -5:00 US E%sT 1971 347 -5:00 - EST 348Link America/Indianapolis America/Indiana/Indianapolis 349# 350# Part of Crawford County, Indiana, last observed DST in 1975, 351# and left its clocks alone in 1974. 352# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER 353Rule Marengo 1951 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D 354Rule Marengo 1951 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S 355Rule Marengo 1954 1960 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D 356Rule Marengo 1954 1960 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S 357# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 358Zone America/Indiana/Marengo -5:45:23 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00 359 -6:00 US C%sT 1951 360 -6:00 Marengo C%sT 1961 Apr 30 2:00 361 -5:00 - EST 1969 362 -5:00 US E%sT 1974 Jan 6 2:00 363 -6:00 1:00 CDT 1974 Oct 27 2:00 364 -5:00 US E%sT 1976 365 -5:00 - EST 366# 367# Starke County, Indiana 368# From Arthur David Olson (1991-10-28): 369# An article on page A3 of the Sunday, 1991-10-27 Washington Post 370# notes that Starke County switched from Central time to Eastern time as of 371# 1991-10-27. 372# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER 373Rule Starke 1947 1961 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D 374Rule Starke 1947 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S 375Rule Starke 1955 1956 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S 376Rule Starke 1957 1958 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S 377Rule Starke 1959 1961 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S 378# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 379Zone America/Indiana/Knox -5:46:30 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00 380 -6:00 US C%sT 1947 381 -6:00 Starke C%sT 1962 Apr 29 2:00 382 -5:00 - EST 1963 Oct 27 2:00 383 -6:00 US C%sT 1991 Oct 27 2:00 384 -5:00 - EST 385# 386# Switzerland County, Indiana, last observed DST in 1972. 387# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 388Zone America/Indiana/Vevay -5:40:16 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00 389 -6:00 US C%sT 1954 Apr 25 2:00 390 -5:00 - EST 1969 391 -5:00 US E%sT 1973 392 -5:00 - EST 393 394# Part of Kentucky left its clocks alone in 1974. 395# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER 396Rule Louisville 1921 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D 397Rule Louisville 1921 only - Sep 1 2:00 0 S 398Rule Louisville 1941 1961 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D 399Rule Louisville 1941 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S 400Rule Louisville 1946 only - Jun 2 2:00 0 S 401Rule Louisville 1950 1955 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S 402Rule Louisville 1956 1960 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S 403# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 404Zone America/Louisville -5:43:02 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00 405 -6:00 US C%sT 1921 406 -6:00 Louisville C%sT 1942 407 -6:00 US C%sT 1946 408 -6:00 Louisville C%sT 1961 Jul 23 2:00 409 -5:00 - EST 1968 410 -5:00 US E%sT 1974 Jan 6 2:00 411 -6:00 1:00 CDT 1974 Oct 27 2:00 412 -5:00 US E%sT 413# Wayne, Clinton, and Russell Counties, Kentucky 414# From 415# <a href="http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname=1999_register&docid=99-26945-filed"> 416# Federal Register Doc. 99-26945 417# </a> (1999-10-14 08:45-04) 418# In response to a petition by the Wayne County, Kentucky, Fiscal Court, 419# the Department of Transportation (DOT) proposed to move Wayne County, 420# Kentucky, from the Central Time Zone to the Eastern Time Zone.... Now 421# the earliest date that the proposed change might take effect is 422# October 29, 2000. 423# 424# From 425# <a href="http://www.lake-cumberland.com/life/archive/news990129time.shtml"> 426# Lake Cumberland LIFE 427# </a> (1999-01-29) via WKYM-101.7: 428# Clinton County has joined Wayne County in asking the DoT to change from 429# the Central to the Eastern time zone.... The Wayne County government made 430# the same request in December. And while Russell County officials have not 431# taken action, the majority of respondents to a poll conducted there in 432# August indicated they would like to change to "fast time" also. 433# The three Lake Cumberland counties are the farthest east of any U.S. 434# location in the Central time zone. 435 436# Michigan 437# 438# From Bob Devine (1988-01-28): 439# Michigan didn't observe DST from 1968 to 1973. 440# 441# From Paul Eggert (1999-03-31): 442# Shanks writes that Michigan started using standard time on 1885-09-18, 443# but Howse writes (pp 124-125, referring to Popular Astronomy, 1901-01) 444# that Detroit kept 445# 446# local time until 1900 when the City Council decreed that clocks should 447# be put back twenty-eight minutes to Central Standard Time. Half the 448# city obeyed, half refused. After considerable debate, the decision 449# was rescinded and the city reverted to Sun time. A derisive offer to 450# erect a sundial in front of the city hall was referred to the 451# Committee on Sewers. Then, in 1905, Central time was adopted 452# by city vote. 453# 454# This story is too entertaining to be false, so go with Howse over Shanks. 455# 456# Most of Michigan observed DST from 1973 on, but was a bit late in 1975. 457# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER 458Rule Detroit 1948 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D 459Rule Detroit 1948 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S 460Rule Detroit 1967 only - Jun 14 2:00 1:00 D 461Rule Detroit 1967 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S 462# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 463Zone America/Detroit -5:32:11 - LMT 1905 464 -6:00 - CST 1915 May 15 2:00 465 -5:00 - EST 1942 466 -5:00 US E%sT 1946 467 -5:00 Detroit E%sT 1973 468 -5:00 US E%sT 1975 469 -5:00 - EST 1975 Apr 27 2:00 470 -5:00 US E%sT 471# 472# The Michigan border with Wisconsin switched from EST to CST/CDT in 1973. 473# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER 474Rule Menominee 1946 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D 475Rule Menominee 1946 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S 476Rule Menominee 1966 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D 477Rule Menominee 1966 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S 478# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 479Zone America/Menominee -5:50:27 - LMT 1885 Sep 18 12:00 480 -6:00 US C%sT 1946 481 -6:00 Menominee C%sT 1969 Apr 27 2:00 482 -5:00 - EST 1973 Apr 29 2:00 483 -6:00 US C%sT 484 485# Navassa 486# claimed by US under the provisions of the 1856 Guano Islands Act 487# also claimed by Haiti 488# occupied 1857/1900 by the Navassa Phosphate Co 489# US lighthouse 1917/1997-01 490# currently uninhabited 491# see Mark Fineman, ``An Isle Rich in Guano and Discord'', 492# _Los Angeles Times_ (1998-11-10), A1, A10; it cites 493# Jimmy Skaggs, _The Great Guano Rush_ (1994). 494 495# Old names, for S5 users 496 497# Link LINK-FROM LINK-TO 498Link America/New_York EST5EDT 499Link America/Chicago CST6CDT 500Link America/Denver MST7MDT 501Link America/Los_Angeles PST8PDT 502Link America/Indianapolis EST 503Link America/Phoenix MST 504Link Pacific/Honolulu HST 505 506################################################################################ 507 508 509# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1999-10-29): 510# A good source for time zone historical data outside the US is 511# Thomas G. Shanks, The International Atlas (5th edition), 512# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1999). 513# 514# Gwillim Law <Gwil_Law@bridge-point.com> writes that a good source 515# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport 516# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM), 517# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries 518# of the IATA's data after 1990. 519# 520# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks is the source for entries through 1990, 521# and IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990. 522# 523# Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences, 524# Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which 525# I found in the UCLA library. 526# 527# See the `europe' file for Greenland. 528 529# Canada 530 531# From Alain LaBont<e'> <ALB@immedia.ca> (1994-11-14): 532# I post here the time zone abbreviations standardized in Canada 533# for both English and French in the CAN/CSA-Z234.4-89 standard.... 534# 535# UTC Standard time Daylight savings time 536# offset French English French English 537# -2:30 - - HAT NDT 538# -3 - - HAA ADT 539# -3:30 HNT NST - - 540# -4 HNA AST HAE EDT 541# -5 HNE EST HAC CDT 542# -6 HNC CST HAR MDT 543# -7 HNR MST HAP PDT 544# -8 HNP PST HAY YDT 545# -9 HNY YST - - 546# 547# HN: Heure Normale ST: Standard Time 548# HA: Heure Avanc<e'>e DT: Daylight saving Time 549# 550# A: de l'Atlantique Atlantic 551# C: du Centre Central 552# E: de l'Est Eastern 553# M: Mountain 554# N: Newfoundland 555# P: du Pacifique Pacific 556# R: des Rocheuses 557# T: de Terre-Neuve 558# Y: du Yukon Yukon 559# 560# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1994-11-22): 561# Alas, this sort of thing must be handled by localization software. 562 563# The data for Canada are all from Shanks. 564 565 566# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 567Rule Canada 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D 568Rule Canada 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S 569Rule Canada 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 D 570Rule Canada 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S 571Rule Canada 1974 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D 572Rule Canada 1974 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S 573Rule Canada 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D 574 575 576# Newfoundland (except Labrador) 577 578# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 579Rule StJohns 1917 1918 - Apr Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D 580Rule StJohns 1917 only - Sep 17 2:00 0 S 581Rule StJohns 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S 582# Whitman gives 1919 Apr 5 and 1920 Apr 5; go with Shanks. 583Rule StJohns 1919 only - May 5 23:00 1:00 D 584Rule StJohns 1919 only - Aug 12 23:00 0 S 585# For 1931-1935 Whitman gives Apr same date; go with Shanks. 586Rule StJohns 1920 1935 - May Sun>=1 23:00 1:00 D 587Rule StJohns 1920 1935 - Oct lastSun 23:00 0 S 588# For 1936-1941 Shanks gives May Mon>=9 and Oct Mon>=2; go with Whitman. 589Rule StJohns 1936 1941 - May Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 D 590Rule StJohns 1936 1941 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 S 591# Shanks gives 1942 May 11 - 1945 Sep 30; go with Whitman. 592Rule StJohns 1942 only - Mar 1 0:00 1:00 D 593Rule StJohns 1942 only - Dec 31 0:00 0 S 594Rule StJohns 1943 only - May 30 0:00 1:00 D 595Rule StJohns 1943 only - Sep 5 0:00 0 S 596Rule StJohns 1944 only - Jul 10 0:00 1:00 D 597Rule StJohns 1944 only - Sep 2 0:00 0 S 598Rule StJohns 1945 only - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 D 599Rule StJohns 1945 only - Oct 7 2:00 0 S 600# For 1946-9 Whitman gives May 5,4,9,1 - Oct 1,5,3,2, and for 1950 he gives 601# Apr 30 - Sep 24; go with Shanks. 602Rule StJohns 1946 1950 - May Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D 603Rule StJohns 1946 1950 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00 0 S 604Rule StJohns 1951 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D 605Rule StJohns 1951 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S 606Rule StJohns 1960 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S 607Rule StJohns 1987 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D 608Rule StJohns 1988 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 2:00 DD 609Rule StJohns 1989 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D 610# St John's has an apostrophe, but Posix file names can't have apostrophes. 611# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 612Zone America/St_Johns -3:30:52 - LMT 1884 613 -3:30:52 StJohns N%sT 1935 Mar 30 614 -3:30 StJohns N%sT 615 616 617# east Labrador 618 619# The name `Happy Valley-Goose Bay' is too long; use `Goose Bay'. 620# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 621Zone America/Goose_Bay -4:01:40 - LMT 1884 # Happy Valley-Goose Bay 622 -3:30:52 StJohns NST 1919 623 -3:30:52 - NST 1935 Mar 30 624 -3:30 - NST 1936 625 -3:30 StJohns N%sT 1966 Mar 15 2:00 626 -4:00 StJohns A%sT 627 628 629# west Labrador, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward I 630 631# From Paul Eggert (1996-06-12): 632# Shanks writes that since 1970 most of this region has been like Halifax. 633# Many locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1972; 634# Glace Bay, NS is the largest that we know of. 635# Shanks also writes that Liverpool, NS was the only town in Canada to observe 636# DST in 1971 but not 1970; for now we'll assume this is a typo. 637 638# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 639Rule Halifax 1916 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 640Rule Halifax 1916 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 641Rule Halifax 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D 642Rule Halifax 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S 643Rule Halifax 1920 only - May 9 0:00 1:00 D 644Rule Halifax 1920 only - Aug 29 0:00 0 S 645Rule Halifax 1921 only - May 6 0:00 1:00 D 646Rule Halifax 1921 1922 - Sep 5 0:00 0 S 647Rule Halifax 1922 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D 648Rule Halifax 1923 1925 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D 649Rule Halifax 1923 only - Sep 4 0:00 0 S 650Rule Halifax 1924 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S 651Rule Halifax 1925 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 S 652Rule Halifax 1926 only - May 16 0:00 1:00 D 653Rule Halifax 1926 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S 654Rule Halifax 1927 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D 655Rule Halifax 1927 only - Sep 26 0:00 0 S 656Rule Halifax 1928 1931 - May Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 D 657Rule Halifax 1928 only - Sep 9 0:00 0 S 658Rule Halifax 1929 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S 659Rule Halifax 1930 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S 660Rule Halifax 1931 1932 - Sep Mon>=24 0:00 0 S 661Rule Halifax 1933 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D 662Rule Halifax 1933 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 S 663Rule Halifax 1934 only - May 20 0:00 1:00 D 664Rule Halifax 1934 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 S 665Rule Halifax 1935 only - Jun 2 0:00 1:00 D 666Rule Halifax 1935 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 S 667Rule Halifax 1936 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D 668Rule Halifax 1936 only - Sep 14 0:00 0 S 669Rule Halifax 1937 1938 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D 670Rule Halifax 1937 1941 - Sep Mon>=24 0:00 0 S 671Rule Halifax 1939 only - May 28 0:00 1:00 D 672Rule Halifax 1940 1941 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D 673Rule Halifax 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 D 674Rule Halifax 1945 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S 675Rule Halifax 1946 1959 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D 676Rule Halifax 1962 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D 677Rule Halifax 1962 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S 678Rule Halifax 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D 679# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 680Zone America/Halifax -4:14:24 - LMT 1902 Jun 15 681 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 682Zone America/Glace_Bay -3:59:48 - LMT 1902 Jun 15 683 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1953 684 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1954 685 -4:00 - AST 1972 686 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 687 688 689# Ontario, Quebec 690 691# From Paul Eggert (1996-06-12): 692# Shanks writes that since 1970 most of this region has been like Montreal. 693# Thunder Bay skipped DST in 1973. 694# Many smaller locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1974; 695# Nipigon (EST) and Rainy River (CST) are the largest that we know of. 696# Far west Ontario is like Winnipeg; far east Quebec is like Halifax. 697 698# From Paul Eggert (1997-10-17): 699# msb@sq.com writes that an article in the 1997-10-14 Toronto Star 700# says that Atikokan, Ontario currently does not observe DST, 701# but will vote on 11-10 whether to use EST/EDT. 702# He also writes that the 703# <a href="http://www.gov.on.ca/MBS/english/publications/statregs/conttext.html"> 704# Ontario Time Act (1990, Chapter T.9) 705# </a> 706# says that Ontario east of 90W uses EST/EDT, and west of 90W uses CST/CDT. 707# Officially Atikokan is therefore on CST/CDT, and most likely this report 708# concerns a non-official time observed as a matter of local practice. 709# For what it's worth, Shanks says that Atikokan has agreed with 710# Rainy River ever since standard time was introduced. 711 712# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 713Rule Mont 1917 only - Mar 25 2:00 1:00 D 714Rule Mont 1917 only - Apr 24 0:00 0 S 715Rule Mont 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D 716Rule Mont 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S 717Rule Mont 1919 only - Mar 31 2:30 1:00 D 718Rule Mont 1919 only - Oct 25 2:30 0 S 719Rule Mont 1920 only - May 2 2:30 1:00 D 720Rule Mont 1920 only - Oct 3 2:30 0 S 721Rule Mont 1921 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D 722Rule Mont 1921 only - Oct 2 2:30 0 S 723Rule Mont 1922 only - Apr 30 2:00 1:00 D 724Rule Mont 1922 only - Oct 1 2:30 0 S 725Rule Mont 1924 only - May 17 2:00 1:00 D 726Rule Mont 1924 1926 - Sep lastSun 2:30 0 S 727Rule Mont 1925 1926 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D 728Rule Mont 1927 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D 729Rule Mont 1927 1932 - Sep Sun>=25 0:00 0 S 730Rule Mont 1928 1931 - Apr Sun>=25 0:00 1:00 D 731Rule Mont 1932 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D 732Rule Mont 1933 1940 - Apr Sun>=24 0:00 1:00 D 733Rule Mont 1933 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 734Rule Mont 1934 1939 - Sep Sun>=24 0:00 0 S 735Rule Mont 1945 1948 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S 736Rule Mont 1946 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D 737Rule Mont 1949 1950 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S 738Rule Mont 1951 1956 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S 739Rule Mont 1957 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S 740Rule Mont 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D 741# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 742Zone America/Montreal -4:54:16 - LMT 1884 743 -5:00 Mont E%sT 744Zone America/Thunder_Bay -5:57:00 - LMT 1895 745 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1970 746 -5:00 Mont E%sT 1973 747 -5:00 - EST 1974 748 -5:00 Canada E%sT 749Zone America/Nipigon -5:53:04 - LMT 1895 750 -5:00 Canada E%sT 751Zone America/Rainy_River -6:17:56 - LMT 1895 752 -6:00 Canada C%sT 753 754 755# Manitoba 756 757# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 758Rule Winn 1916 only - Apr 23 0:00 1:00 D 759Rule Winn 1916 only - Sep 17 0:00 0 S 760Rule Winn 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D 761Rule Winn 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S 762Rule Winn 1937 only - May 16 2:00 1:00 D 763Rule Winn 1937 only - Sep 26 2:00 0 S 764Rule Winn 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 D 765Rule Winn 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S 766Rule Winn 1946 only - May 12 2:00 1:00 D 767Rule Winn 1946 only - Oct 13 2:00 0 S 768Rule Winn 1947 1949 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D 769Rule Winn 1947 1949 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S 770Rule Winn 1950 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D 771Rule Winn 1950 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S 772Rule Winn 1951 1960 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D 773Rule Winn 1951 1958 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S 774Rule Winn 1959 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S 775Rule Winn 1960 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S 776Rule Winn 1963 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D 777Rule Winn 1963 only - Sep 22 2:00 0 S 778Rule Winn 1966 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D 779Rule Winn 1966 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S 780Rule Winn 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D 781# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 782Zone America/Winnipeg -6:28:36 - LMT 1887 Jul 16 783 -6:00 Winn C%sT 784 785 786# Saskatchewan 787 788# From Paul Eggert (1996-06-12): 789# Shanks writes that since 1970 most of this region has been like Regina. 790# Some western towns (e.g. Swift Current) switched from MST/MDT to CST in 1972. 791# Other western towns (e.g. Lloydminster) are like Edmonton. 792 793# From W. Jones <jones@skdad.usask.ca> (1992-11-06): 794# The. . .below is based on information I got from our law library, the 795# provincial archives, and the provincial Community Services department. 796# A precise history would require digging through newspaper archives, and 797# since you didn't say what you wanted, I didn't bother. 798# 799# Saskatchewan is split by a time zone meridian (105W) and over the years 800# the boundary became pretty ragged as communities near it reevaluated 801# their affiliations in one direction or the other. In 1965 a provincial 802# referendum favoured legislating common time practices. 803# 804# On 15 April 1966 the Time Act (c. T-14, Revised Statutes of 805# Saskatchewan 1978) was proclaimed, and established that the eastern 806# part of Saskatchewan would use CST year round, that districts in 807# northwest Saskatchewan would by default follow CST but could opt to 808# follow Mountain Time rules (thus 1 hour difference in the winter and 809# zero in the summer), and that districts in southwest Saskatchewan would 810# by default follow MT but could opt to follow CST. 811# 812# It took a few years for the dust to settle (I know one story of a town 813# on one time zone having its school in another, such that a mom had to 814# serve her family lunch in two shifts), but presently it seems that only 815# a few towns on the border with Alberta (e.g. Lloydminster) follow MT 816# rules any more; all other districts appear to have used CST year round 817# since sometime in the 1960s. 818 819# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 820Rule Regina 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D 821Rule Regina 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S 822Rule Regina 1930 1934 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D 823Rule Regina 1930 1934 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 S 824Rule Regina 1937 1941 - Apr Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 D 825Rule Regina 1937 only - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S 826Rule Regina 1938 only - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 S 827Rule Regina 1939 1941 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S 828Rule Regina 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 D 829Rule Regina 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S 830Rule Regina 1946 only - Apr Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D 831Rule Regina 1946 only - Oct Sun>=8 2:00 0 S 832Rule Regina 1947 1959 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D 833Rule Regina 1947 1958 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S 834Rule Regina 1959 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S 835# 836Rule Swift 1957 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D 837Rule Swift 1957 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S 838Rule Swift 1959 1961 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D 839Rule Swift 1959 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S 840Rule Swift 1960 1961 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S 841# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 842Zone America/Regina -6:58:36 - LMT 1905 Sep 843 -7:00 Regina M%sT 1960 Apr lastSun 2:00 844 -6:00 - CST 845Zone America/Swift_Current -7:11:20 - LMT 1905 Sep 846 -7:00 Canada M%sT 1946 Apr lastSun 2:00 847 -7:00 Regina M%sT 1950 848 -7:00 Swift M%sT 1972 Apr lastSun 2:00 849 -6:00 - CST 850 851 852# Alberta 853 854# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 855Rule Edm 1918 1919 - Apr Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D 856Rule Edm 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S 857Rule Edm 1919 only - May 27 2:00 0 S 858Rule Edm 1920 1923 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D 859Rule Edm 1920 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S 860Rule Edm 1921 1923 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S 861Rule Edm 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 D 862Rule Edm 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S 863Rule Edm 1947 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D 864Rule Edm 1947 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S 865Rule Edm 1967 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D 866Rule Edm 1967 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S 867Rule Edm 1969 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D 868Rule Edm 1969 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S 869Rule Edm 1972 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D 870Rule Edm 1972 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S 871Rule Edm 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D 872# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 873Zone America/Edmonton -7:33:52 - LMT 1906 Sep 874 -7:00 Edm M%sT 875 876 877# British Columbia 878 879# From Paul Eggert (1996-06-12): 880# Shanks writes that since 1970 most of this region has been like Vancouver. 881# Dawson Creek uses MST. Much of east BC is like Edmonton. 882 883# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 884Rule Vanc 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D 885Rule Vanc 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S 886Rule Vanc 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 D 887Rule Vanc 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S 888Rule Vanc 1946 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D 889Rule Vanc 1946 only - Oct 13 2:00 0 S 890Rule Vanc 1947 1961 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S 891Rule Vanc 1962 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S 892Rule Vanc 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D 893# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 894Zone America/Vancouver -8:12:28 - LMT 1884 895 -8:00 Vanc P%sT 896Zone America/Dawson_Creek -8:00:56 - LMT 1884 897 -8:00 Canada P%sT 1947 898 -8:00 Vanc P%sT 1972 Aug 30 2:00 899 -7:00 - MST 900 901 902# Northwest Territories, Nunavut, Yukon 903 904# From Paul Eggert (1999-10-29): 905# Dawson switched to PST in 1973. Inuvik switched to MST in 1979. 906# Mathew Englander <mathew@io.org> (1996-10-07) gives the following refs: 907# * 1967. Paragraph 28(34)(g) of the Interpretation Act, S.C. 1967-68, 908# c. 7 defines Yukon standard time as UTC-9. This is still valid; 909# see Interpretation Act, R.S.C. 1985, c. I-21, s. 35(1). 910# * C.O. 1973/214 switched Yukon to PST on 1973-10-28 00:00. 911# * O.I.C. 1980/02 established DST. 912# * O.I.C. 1987/056 changed DST to Apr firstSun 2:00 to Oct lastSun 2:00. 913# Shanks says Yukon's 1973-10-28 switch was at 2:00; go with Englander. 914 915# From Rives McDow (1999-09-04): 916# Nunavut ... moved ... to incorporate the whole territory into one time zone. 917# <a href="http://www.nunatsiaq.com/nunavut/nvt90903_13.html"> 918# Nunavut moves to single time zone Oct. 31 919# </a> 920# 921# From Antoine Leca (1999-09-06): 922# We then need to create a new timezone for the Kitikmeot region of Nunavut 923# to differentiate it from the Yellowknife region. 924 925# From Paul Eggert (1999-09-20): 926# <a href="http://www.nunavut.com/basicfacts/english/basicfacts_1territory.html"> 927# Basic Facts: The New Territory 928# </a> (1999) reports that Pangnirtung operates on Eastern time, 929# and that Coral Harbour does not observe DST. We don't know when 930# Pangnirtung switched to Eastern time; we'll guess 1995. 931# We'll ignore the claim about Coral Harbour for now, 932# since we have no further info. 933 934# From Rives McDow (1999-11-08): 935# On October 31, when the rest of Nunavut went to Central time, 936# Pangnirtung wobbled. Here is the result of their wobble: 937# 938# The following businesses and organizations in Pangnirtung use Central Time: 939# 940# First Air, Power Corp, Nunavut Construction, Health Center, RCMP, 941# Eastern Arctic National Parks, A & D Specialist 942# 943# The following businesses and organizations in Pangnirtung use Eastern Time: 944# 945# Hamlet office, All other businesses, Both schools, Airport operator 946# 947# This has made for an interesting situation there, which warranted the news. 948# No one there that I spoke with seems concerned, or has plans to 949# change the local methods of keeping time, as it evidently does not 950# really interfere with any activities or make things difficult locally. 951# They plan to celebrate New Year's turn-over twice, one hour apart, 952# so it appears that the situation will last at least that long. 953# The Nunavut Intergovernmental Affairs hopes that they will "come to 954# their senses", but the locals evidently don't see any problem with 955# the current state of affairs. 956 957# From Michaela Rodrigue, writing in the 958# <a href="http://www.nunatsiaq.com/archives/nunavut991130/nvt91119_17.html"> 959# Nunatsiaq News (1999-11-19)</a>: 960# Clyde River, Pangnirtung and Sanikiluaq now operate with two time zones, 961# central - or Nunavut time - for government offices, and eastern time 962# for municipal offices and schools.... Igloolik [was similar but then] 963# made the switch to central time on Saturday, Nov. 6. 964 965# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 966Rule NT_YK 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D 967Rule NT_YK 1918 only - Oct 27 2:00 0 S 968Rule NT_YK 1919 only - May 25 2:00 1:00 D 969Rule NT_YK 1919 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 S 970Rule NT_YK 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 D 971Rule NT_YK 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S 972Rule NT_YK 1965 only - Apr lastSun 0:00 2:00 DD 973Rule NT_YK 1965 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S 974Rule NT_YK 1980 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D 975Rule NT_YK 1980 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S 976Rule NT_YK 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D 977# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 978Zone America/Pangnirtung -4:22:56 - LMT 1884 979 -4:00 NT_YK A%sT 1995 Apr Sun>=1 2:00 980 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1999 Oct 31 2:00 981 -6:00 Canada C%sT 982Zone America/Iqaluit -4:33:52 - LMT 1884 # Frobisher Bay before 1987 983 -5:00 NT_YK E%sT 1999 Oct 31 2:00 984 -6:00 Canada C%sT 985Zone America/Rankin_Inlet -6:08:40 - LMT 1884 986 -6:00 NT_YK C%sT 987Zone America/Cambridge_Bay -7:00:20 - LMT 1884 988 -7:00 NT_YK M%sT 1999 Oct 31 2:00 989 -6:00 Canada C%sT 990Zone America/Yellowknife -7:37:24 - LMT 1884 991 -7:00 NT_YK M%sT 992Zone America/Inuvik -8:54:00 - LMT 1884 993 -8:00 NT_YK P%sT 1979 Apr lastSun 2:00 994 -7:00 NT_YK M%sT 995Zone America/Whitehorse -9:00:12 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 996 -9:00 NT_YK Y%sT 1966 Jul 1 2:00 997 -8:00 NT_YK P%sT 998Zone America/Dawson -9:17:40 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 999 -9:00 NT_YK Y%sT 1973 Oct 28 0:00 1000 -8:00 NT_YK P%sT 1001 1002 1003############################################################################### 1004 1005# Mexico 1006
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