5# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
6# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
7# tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future).
8
9# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1999-03-22):
10# A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is
11# Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997).
12
13###############################################################################
14
15# United States
16
17# From Paul Eggert (1999-03-31):
18# Howse writes (pp 121-125) that time zones were invented by
19# Professor Charles Ferdinand Dowd (1825-1904),
20# Principal of Temple Grove Ladies' Seminary (Saratoga Springs, NY).
21# His pamphlet ``A System of National Time for Railroads'' (1870)
22# was the result of his proposals at the Convention of Railroad Trunk Lines
23# in New York City (1869-10). His 1870 proposal was based on Washington, DC,
24# but in 1872-05 he moved the proposed origin to Greenwich.
25# His proposal was adopted by the railroads on 1883-11-18 at 12:00,
26# and the most of the country soon followed suit.
27
28# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1995-12-19):
29# A good source for time zone historical data in the US is
30# Thomas G. Shanks, The American Atlas (5th edition),
31# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1991).
32# Make sure you have the errata sheet; the book is somewhat useless without it.
33# It is the source for the US and Puerto Rico entries below.
34
35# From Paul Eggert (1996-06-12):
36# Daylight Saving Time was first suggested as a joke by Benjamin Franklin
37# in his whimsical essay ``Turkey vs Eagle, McCauley is my Beagle'' (1784).
38# Not everyone is happy with the results:
39#
40# I don't really care how time is reckoned so long as there is some
41# agreement about it, but I object to being told that I am saving
42# daylight when my reason tells me that I am doing nothing of the kind.
43# I even object to the implication that I am wasting something
44# valuable if I stay in bed after the sun has risen. As an admirer
45# of moonlight I resent the bossy insistence of those who want to
46# reduce my time for enjoying it. At the back of the Daylight Saving
47# scheme I detect the bony, blue-fingered hand of Puritanism, eager
48# to push people into bed earlier, and get them up earlier, to make
49# them healthy, wealthy and wise in spite of themselves.
50#
51# -- Robertson Davies, The Diary of Samuel Marchbanks (1947), XIX, Sunday
52
53# From Arthur David Olson:
54# US Daylight Saving Time ended on the last Sunday of *October* in 1974.
55# See, for example, the front page of the Saturday, 1974-10-26
56# and Sunday, 1974-10-27 editions of the Washington Post.
57
58# From Arthur David Olson:
59# Before the Uniform Time Act of 1966 took effect in 1967, observance of
60# Daylight Saving Time in the US was by local option, except during wartime.
61
62# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
63Rule US 1918 1919 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 W # War
64Rule US 1918 1919 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
65Rule US 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
66Rule US 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
67Rule US 1967 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
68Rule US 1967 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
69Rule US 1974 only - Jan 6 2:00 1:00 D
70Rule US 1975 only - Feb 23 2:00 1:00 D
71Rule US 1976 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
72Rule US 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
73# <a href="http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/bdquery/z?d106:h.r.00177:">
74# H.R.177
75# </a> (introduced 1999-01-06) would change April to March in the above rule.
76
77# From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
78# ...Alaska (and Hawaii) had the timezone names changed in 1967.
79# old new
80# Pacific Standard Time(PST) -same-
81# Yukon Standard Time(YST) -same-
82# Central Alaska S.T. (CAT) Alaska-Hawaii St[an]dard Time (AHST)
83# Nome Standard Time (NT) Bering Standard Time (BST)
84#
85# ...Alaska's timezone lines were redrawn in 1983 to give only 2 tz.
86# The YST zone now covers nearly all of the state, AHST just part
87# of the Aleutian islands. No DST.
88
89# From Paul Eggert (1995-12-19):
90# The tables below use `NST', not `NT', for Nome Standard Time.
91# I invented `CAWT' for Central Alaska War Time.
92
93# From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19):
94# USA EASTERN 5 H BEHIND UTC NEW YORK, WASHINGTON
95# USA EASTERN 4 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
96# USA CENTRAL 6 H BEHIND UTC CHICAGO, HOUSTON
97# USA CENTRAL 5 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
98# USA MOUNTAIN 7 H BEHIND UTC DENVER
99# USA MOUNTAIN 6 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
100# USA PACIFIC 8 H BEHIND UTC L.A., SAN FRANCISCO
101# USA PACIFIC 7 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
102# USA ALASKA STD 9 H BEHIND UTC MOST OF ALASKA (AKST)
103# USA ALASKA STD 8 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30 (AKDT)
104# USA ALEUTIAN 10 H BEHIND UTC ISLANDS WEST OF 170W
105# USA - " - 9 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
106# USA HAWAII 10 H BEHIND UTC
107# USA BERING 11 H BEHIND UTC SAMOA, MIDWAY
108
109# From Arthur David Olson (1989-01-21):
110# The above dates are for 1988.
111# Note the "AKST" and "AKDT" abbreviations, the claim that there's
112# no DST in Samoa, and the claim that there is DST in Alaska and the
113# Aleutians.
114
115# From Arthur David Olson (1988-02-13):
116# Legal standard time zone names, from United States Code (1982 Edition and
117# Supplement III), Title 15, Chapter 6, Section 260 and forward. First, names
118# up to 1967-04-01 (when most provisions of the Uniform Time Act of 1966
119# took effect), as explained in sections 263 and 261:
120# (none)
121# United States standard eastern time
122# United States standard mountain time
123# United States standard central time
124# United States standard Pacific time
125# (none)
126# United States standard Alaska time
127# (none)
128# Next, names from 1967-04-01 until 1983-11-30 (the date for
129# public law 98-181):
130# Atlantic standard time
131# eastern standard time
132# central standard time
133# mountain standard time
134# Pacific standard time
135# Yukon standard time
136# Alaska-Hawaii standard time
137# Bering standard time
138# And after 1983-11-30:
139# Atlantic standard time
140# eastern standard time
141# central standard time
142# mountain standard time
143# Pacific standard time
144# Alaska standard time
145# Hawaii-Aleutian standard time
146# Samoa standard time
147# The law doesn't give abbreviations.
148#
149# From Paul Eggert (1995-12-19):
150# Shanks uses 1983-10-30, not 1983-11-30, for the 1983 transitions.
151# Go with Shanks.
152
153# US Eastern time, represented by New York
154# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
155Rule NYC 1920 only - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
156Rule NYC 1920 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
157Rule NYC 1921 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
158Rule NYC 1921 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
159Rule NYC 1955 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
160# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
161Zone America/New_York -4:56:02 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00
162 -5:00 US E%sT 1920
163 -5:00 NYC E%sT 1942
164 -5:00 US E%sT 1946
165 -5:00 NYC E%sT 1967
166 -5:00 US E%sT
167
168# US Central time, represented by Chicago
169# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
170Rule Chicago 1920 only - Jun 13 2:00 1:00 D
171Rule Chicago 1920 1921 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
172Rule Chicago 1921 only - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
173Rule Chicago 1922 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
174Rule Chicago 1922 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
175Rule Chicago 1955 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
176# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
177Zone America/Chicago -5:50:36 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00
178 -6:00 US C%sT 1920
179 -6:00 Chicago C%sT 1936 Mar 1 2:00
180 -5:00 - EST 1936 Nov 15 2:00
181 -6:00 Chicago C%sT 1942
182 -6:00 US C%sT 1946
183 -6:00 Chicago C%sT 1967
184 -6:00 US C%sT
185
186# US Mountain time, represented by Denver
187# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
188Rule Denver 1920 1921 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
189Rule Denver 1920 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
190Rule Denver 1921 only - May 22 2:00 0 S
191Rule Denver 1965 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
192Rule Denver 1965 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
193# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
194Zone America/Denver -6:59:56 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00
195 -7:00 US M%sT 1920
196 -7:00 Denver M%sT 1942
197 -7:00 US M%sT 1946
198 -7:00 Denver M%sT 1967
199 -7:00 US M%sT
200
201# US Pacific time, represented by Los Angeles
202# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
203Rule CA 1948 only - Mar 14 2:00 1:00 D
204Rule CA 1949 only - Jan 1 2:00 0 S
205Rule CA 1950 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
206Rule CA 1950 1961 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
207Rule CA 1962 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
208# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
209Zone America/Los_Angeles -7:52:58 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00
210 -8:00 US P%sT 1946
211 -8:00 CA P%sT 1967
212 -8:00 US P%sT
213
214# Alaska
215# AK%sT is the modern abbreviation for -9:00 per USNO.
216#
217# From Paul Eggert (1995-12-19):
218# Howse writes that Alaska switched from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar,
219# and from east-of-GMT to west-of-GMT days, when the US bought it from Russia.
220# This was on 1867-10-18. We omit this transition, since we can't represent
221# changes from Julian to Gregorian.
222#
223# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
224Zone America/Juneau -8:57:41 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
225 -8:00 - PST 1942
226 -8:00 US P%sT 1946
227 -8:00 - PST 1969
228 -8:00 US P%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
229 -9:00 US AK%sT
230Zone America/Yakutat -9:18:55 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
231 -9:00 - YST 1942
232 -9:00 US Y%sT 1946
233 -9:00 - YST 1969
234 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
235 -9:00 US AK%sT
236Zone America/Anchorage -9:59:36 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
237 -10:00 - CAT 1942
238 -10:00 US CAT/CAWT 1946
239 -10:00 - CAT 1967 Apr
240 -10:00 - AHST 1969
241 -10:00 US AH%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
242 -9:00 US AK%sT
243Zone America/Nome -11:01:38 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
244 -11:00 - NST 1942
245 -11:00 US N%sT 1946
246 -11:00 - NST 1967 Apr
247 -11:00 - BST 1969
248 -11:00 US B%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
249 -9:00 US AK%sT
250Zone America/Adak -11:46:38 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
251 -11:00 - NST 1942
252 -11:00 US N%sT 1946
253 -11:00 - NST 1967 Apr
254 -11:00 - BST 1969
255 -11:00 US B%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
256 -10:00 US HA%sT
257# Shanks writes that part of southwest Alaska (e.g. Aniak)
258# switched from -11:00 to -10:00 on 1968-09-22 at 02:00,
259# and another part (e.g. Akiak) made the same switch five weeks later.
260# These switches don't quite make our 1970 cutoff.
261
262# Hawaii
263#
264# From Arthur David Olson:
265# And then there's Hawaii.
266# DST was observed for one day in 1933;
267# standard time was changed by half an hour in 1947;
268# it's always standard as of 1986.
269#
270# From Paul Eggert:
271# Shanks says the 1933 experiment lasted for three weeks. Go with Shanks.
272#
273Zone Pacific/Honolulu -10:31:26 - LMT 1900 Jan 1 12:00
274 -10:30 - HST 1933 Apr 30 2:00
275 -10:30 1:00 HDT 1933 May 21 2:00
276 -10:30 US H%sT 1947 Jun 8 2:00
277 -10:00 - HST
278
279# Now we turn to US areas that have diverged from the consensus since 1970.
280
281# Arizona mostly uses MST.
282Zone America/Phoenix -7:28:18 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00
283 -7:00 US M%sT 1944 Jan 1 00:01
284 -7:00 - MST 1944 Mar 17 00:01
285 -7:00 US M%sT 1944 Oct 1 00:01
286 -7:00 - MST 1967
287 -7:00 US M%sT 1968
288 -7:00 - MST
289# From Arthur David Olson (1988-02-13):
290# A writer from the Inter Tribal Council of Arizona, Inc.,
291# notes in private correspondence dated 12/28/87 that "Presently, only the
292# Navajo Nation participates in the Daylight Saving Time policy, due to its
293# large size and location in three states." (The "only" means that other
294# tribal nations don't use DST.)
295
296Link America/Denver America/Shiprock
297
298# Southern Idaho and eastern Oregon switched four weeks late in 1974.
299# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
300Zone America/Boise -7:44:49 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00
301 -8:00 US P%sT 1923 May 13 2:00
302 -7:00 US M%sT 1974
303 -7:00 - MST 1974 Feb 3 2:00
304 -7:00 US M%sT
305
306# Indiana
307#
308# For a map of Indiana's time zone regions, see:
309# <a href="http://www.mccsc.edu/time.html">
310# What time is it in Indiana?
311# </a> (1999-04-06)
312#
313# From Paul Eggert (1995-12-19):
314# Indiana generally observes either EST all year, or CST/CDT,
315# but areas near Cincinnati and Louisville use those cities' timekeeping
316# and in 1969 and 1970 the whole state observed daylight time;
317# and there are other exceptions as noted below.
318# Shanks partitions Indiana into 345 regions, each with its own time history,
319# and writes ``Even newspaper reports present contradictory information.''
320# Fortunately, most of the complexity occurred before our cutoff date of 1970.
321#
322# Since 1970, EST-only Indiana has been like America/Indianapolis,
323# with exceptions noted below for Crawford, Starke, and Switzerland counties.
324# The parts of Indiana not listed below have been like America/Chicago,
325# America/Louisville, or America/New_York.
326#
327# Other than Indianapolis, the Indiana place names are so nondescript
328# that they would be ambiguous if we left them at the `America' level.
329# So we reluctantly put them all in a subdirectory `America/Indiana'.
330#
331# Most of EST-only Indiana last observed DST in 1970.
332# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
333Rule Indianapolis 1941 only - Jun 22 2:00 1:00 D
334Rule Indianapolis 1941 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
335Rule Indianapolis 1946 1954 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
336# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
337Zone America/Indianapolis -5:44:38 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00
338 -6:00 US C%sT 1920
339 -6:00 Indianapolis C%sT 1942
340 -6:00 US C%sT 1946
341 -6:00 Indianapolis C%sT 1955 Apr 24 2:00
342 -5:00 - EST 1957 Sep 29 2:00
343 -6:00 - CST 1958 Apr 27 2:00
344 -5:00 - EST 1969
345 -5:00 US E%sT 1971
346 -5:00 - EST
347Link America/Indianapolis America/Indiana/Indianapolis
348#
349# Part of Crawford County, Indiana, last observed DST in 1975,
350# and left its clocks alone in 1974.
351# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
352Rule Marengo 1951 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
353Rule Marengo 1951 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
354Rule Marengo 1954 1960 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
355Rule Marengo 1954 1960 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
356# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
357Zone America/Indiana/Marengo -5:45:23 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00
358 -6:00 US C%sT 1951
359 -6:00 Marengo C%sT 1961 Apr 30 2:00
360 -5:00 - EST 1969
361 -5:00 US E%sT 1974 Jan 6 2:00
362 -6:00 1:00 CDT 1974 Oct 27 2:00
363 -5:00 US E%sT 1976
364 -5:00 - EST
365#
366# Starke County, Indiana
367# From Arthur David Olson (1991-10-28):
368# An article on page A3 of the Sunday, 1991-10-27 Washington Post
369# notes that Starke County switched from Central time to Eastern time as of
370# 1991-10-27.
371# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
372Rule Starke 1947 1961 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
373Rule Starke 1947 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
374Rule Starke 1955 1956 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
375Rule Starke 1957 1958 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
376Rule Starke 1959 1961 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
377# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
378Zone America/Indiana/Knox -5:46:30 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00
379 -6:00 US C%sT 1947
380 -6:00 Starke C%sT 1962 Apr 29 2:00
381 -5:00 - EST 1963 Oct 27 2:00
382 -6:00 US C%sT 1991 Oct 27 2:00
383 -5:00 - EST
384#
385# Switzerland County, Indiana, last observed DST in 1972.
386# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
387Zone America/Indiana/Vevay -5:40:16 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00
388 -6:00 US C%sT 1954 Apr 25 2:00
389 -5:00 - EST 1969
390 -5:00 US E%sT 1973
391 -5:00 - EST
392
393# Part of Kentucky left its clocks alone in 1974.
394# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
395Rule Louisville 1921 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D
396Rule Louisville 1921 only - Sep 1 2:00 0 S
397Rule Louisville 1941 1961 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
398Rule Louisville 1941 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
399Rule Louisville 1946 only - Jun 2 2:00 0 S
400Rule Louisville 1950 1955 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
401Rule Louisville 1956 1960 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
402# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
403Zone America/Louisville -5:43:02 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00
404 -6:00 US C%sT 1921
405 -6:00 Louisville C%sT 1942
406 -6:00 US C%sT 1946
407 -6:00 Louisville C%sT 1961 Jul 23 2:00
408 -5:00 - EST 1968
409 -5:00 US E%sT 1974 Jan 6 2:00
410 -6:00 1:00 CDT 1974 Oct 27 2:00
411 -5:00 US E%sT
412# Wayne, Clinton, and Russell Counties, Kentucky
413# From
414# <a href="http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname=1999_register&docid=99-26945-filed">
415# Federal Register Doc. 99-26945
416# </a> (1999-10-14 08:45-04)
417# In response to a petition by the Wayne County, Kentucky, Fiscal Court,
418# the Department of Transportation (DOT) proposed to move Wayne County,
419# Kentucky, from the Central Time Zone to the Eastern Time Zone.... Now
420# the earliest date that the proposed change might take effect is
421# October 29, 2000.
422#
423# From
424# <a href="http://www.lake-cumberland.com/life/archive/news990129time.shtml">
425# Lake Cumberland LIFE
426# </a> (1999-01-29) via WKYM-101.7:
427# Clinton County has joined Wayne County in asking the DoT to change from
428# the Central to the Eastern time zone.... The Wayne County government made
429# the same request in December. And while Russell County officials have not
430# taken action, the majority of respondents to a poll conducted there in
431# August indicated they would like to change to "fast time" also.
432# The three Lake Cumberland counties are the farthest east of any U.S.
433# location in the Central time zone.
434
435# Michigan
436#
437# From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
438# Michigan didn't observe DST from 1968 to 1973.
439#
440# From Paul Eggert (1999-03-31):
441# Shanks writes that Michigan started using standard time on 1885-09-18,
442# but Howse writes (pp 124-125, referring to Popular Astronomy, 1901-01)
443# that Detroit kept
444#
445# local time until 1900 when the City Council decreed that clocks should
446# be put back twenty-eight minutes to Central Standard Time. Half the
447# city obeyed, half refused. After considerable debate, the decision
448# was rescinded and the city reverted to Sun time. A derisive offer to
449# erect a sundial in front of the city hall was referred to the
450# Committee on Sewers. Then, in 1905, Central time was adopted
451# by city vote.
452#
453# This story is too entertaining to be false, so go with Howse over Shanks.
454#
455# Most of Michigan observed DST from 1973 on, but was a bit late in 1975.
456# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
457Rule Detroit 1948 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
458Rule Detroit 1948 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
459Rule Detroit 1967 only - Jun 14 2:00 1:00 D
460Rule Detroit 1967 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
461# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
462Zone America/Detroit -5:32:11 - LMT 1905
463 -6:00 - CST 1915 May 15 2:00
464 -5:00 - EST 1942
465 -5:00 US E%sT 1946
466 -5:00 Detroit E%sT 1973
467 -5:00 US E%sT 1975
468 -5:00 - EST 1975 Apr 27 2:00
469 -5:00 US E%sT
470#
471# The Michigan border with Wisconsin switched from EST to CST/CDT in 1973.
472# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
473Rule Menominee 1946 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
474Rule Menominee 1946 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
475Rule Menominee 1966 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
476Rule Menominee 1966 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
477# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
478Zone America/Menominee -5:50:27 - LMT 1885 Sep 18 12:00
479 -6:00 US C%sT 1946
480 -6:00 Menominee C%sT 1969 Apr 27 2:00
481 -5:00 - EST 1973 Apr 29 2:00
482 -6:00 US C%sT
483
484# Navassa
485# claimed by US under the provisions of the 1856 Guano Islands Act
486# also claimed by Haiti
487# occupied 1857/1900 by the Navassa Phosphate Co
488# US lighthouse 1917/1997-01
489# currently uninhabited
490# see Mark Fineman, ``An Isle Rich in Guano and Discord'',
491# _Los Angeles Times_ (1998-11-10), A1, A10; it cites
492# Jimmy Skaggs, _The Great Guano Rush_ (1994).
493
494# Old names, for S5 users
495
496# Link LINK-FROM LINK-TO
497Link America/New_York EST5EDT
498Link America/Chicago CST6CDT
499Link America/Denver MST7MDT
500Link America/Los_Angeles PST8PDT
501Link America/Indianapolis EST
502Link America/Phoenix MST
503Link Pacific/Honolulu HST
504
505################################################################################
506
507
508# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1999-10-29):
509# A good source for time zone historical data outside the US is
510# Thomas G. Shanks, The International Atlas (5th edition),
511# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1999).
512#
513# Gwillim Law <Gwil_Law@bridge-point.com> writes that a good source
514# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
515# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
516# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries
517# of the IATA's data after 1990.
518#
519# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks is the source for entries through 1990,
520# and IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990.
521#
522# Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences,
523# Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which
524# I found in the UCLA library.
525#
526# See the `europe' file for Greenland.
527
528# Canada
529
530# From Alain LaBont<e'> <ALB@immedia.ca> (1994-11-14):
531# I post here the time zone abbreviations standardized in Canada
532# for both English and French in the CAN/CSA-Z234.4-89 standard....
533#
534# UTC Standard time Daylight savings time
535# offset French English French English
536# -2:30 - - HAT NDT
537# -3 - - HAA ADT
538# -3:30 HNT NST - -
539# -4 HNA AST HAE EDT
540# -5 HNE EST HAC CDT
541# -6 HNC CST HAR MDT
542# -7 HNR MST HAP PDT
543# -8 HNP PST HAY YDT
544# -9 HNY YST - -
545#
546# HN: Heure Normale ST: Standard Time
547# HA: Heure Avanc<e'>e DT: Daylight saving Time
548#
549# A: de l'Atlantique Atlantic
550# C: du Centre Central
551# E: de l'Est Eastern
552# M: Mountain
553# N: Newfoundland
554# P: du Pacifique Pacific
555# R: des Rocheuses
556# T: de Terre-Neuve
557# Y: du Yukon Yukon
558#
559# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1994-11-22):
560# Alas, this sort of thing must be handled by localization software.
561
562# The data for Canada are all from Shanks.
563
564
565# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
566Rule Canada 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
567Rule Canada 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S
568Rule Canada 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 D
569Rule Canada 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
570Rule Canada 1974 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
571Rule Canada 1974 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
572Rule Canada 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
573
574
575# Newfoundland (except Labrador)
576
577# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
578Rule StJohns 1917 1918 - Apr Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
579Rule StJohns 1917 only - Sep 17 2:00 0 S
580Rule StJohns 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S
581# Whitman gives 1919 Apr 5 and 1920 Apr 5; go with Shanks.
582Rule StJohns 1919 only - May 5 23:00 1:00 D
583Rule StJohns 1919 only - Aug 12 23:00 0 S
584# For 1931-1935 Whitman gives Apr same date; go with Shanks.
585Rule StJohns 1920 1935 - May Sun>=1 23:00 1:00 D
586Rule StJohns 1920 1935 - Oct lastSun 23:00 0 S
587# For 1936-1941 Shanks gives May Mon>=9 and Oct Mon>=2; go with Whitman.
588Rule StJohns 1936 1941 - May Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 D
589Rule StJohns 1936 1941 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
590# Shanks gives 1942 May 11 - 1945 Sep 30; go with Whitman.
591Rule StJohns 1942 only - Mar 1 0:00 1:00 D
592Rule StJohns 1942 only - Dec 31 0:00 0 S
593Rule StJohns 1943 only - May 30 0:00 1:00 D
594Rule StJohns 1943 only - Sep 5 0:00 0 S
595Rule StJohns 1944 only - Jul 10 0:00 1:00 D
596Rule StJohns 1944 only - Sep 2 0:00 0 S
597Rule StJohns 1945 only - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 D
598Rule StJohns 1945 only - Oct 7 2:00 0 S
599# For 1946-9 Whitman gives May 5,4,9,1 - Oct 1,5,3,2, and for 1950 he gives
600# Apr 30 - Sep 24; go with Shanks.
601Rule StJohns 1946 1950 - May Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
602Rule StJohns 1946 1950 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00 0 S
603Rule StJohns 1951 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
604Rule StJohns 1951 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
605Rule StJohns 1960 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
606Rule StJohns 1987 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
607Rule StJohns 1988 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 2:00 DD
608Rule StJohns 1989 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
609# St John's has an apostrophe, but Posix file names can't have apostrophes.
610# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
611Zone America/St_Johns -3:30:52 - LMT 1884
612 -3:30:52 StJohns N%sT 1935 Mar 30
613 -3:30 StJohns N%sT
614
615
616# east Labrador
617
618# The name `Happy Valley-Goose Bay' is too long; use `Goose Bay'.
619# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
620Zone America/Goose_Bay -4:01:40 - LMT 1884 # Happy Valley-Goose Bay
621 -3:30:52 StJohns NST 1919
622 -3:30:52 - NST 1935 Mar 30
623 -3:30 - NST 1936
624 -3:30 StJohns N%sT 1966 Mar 15 2:00
625 -4:00 StJohns A%sT
626
627
628# west Labrador, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward I
629
630# From Paul Eggert (1996-06-12):
631# Shanks writes that since 1970 most of this region has been like Halifax.
632# Many locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1972;
633# Glace Bay, NS is the largest that we know of.
634# Shanks also writes that Liverpool, NS was the only town in Canada to observe
635# DST in 1971 but not 1970; for now we'll assume this is a typo.
636
637# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
638Rule Halifax 1916 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
639Rule Halifax 1916 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
640Rule Halifax 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
641Rule Halifax 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S
642Rule Halifax 1920 only - May 9 0:00 1:00 D
643Rule Halifax 1920 only - Aug 29 0:00 0 S
644Rule Halifax 1921 only - May 6 0:00 1:00 D
645Rule Halifax 1921 1922 - Sep 5 0:00 0 S
646Rule Halifax 1922 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D
647Rule Halifax 1923 1925 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
648Rule Halifax 1923 only - Sep 4 0:00 0 S
649Rule Halifax 1924 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S
650Rule Halifax 1925 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 S
651Rule Halifax 1926 only - May 16 0:00 1:00 D
652Rule Halifax 1926 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S
653Rule Halifax 1927 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
654Rule Halifax 1927 only - Sep 26 0:00 0 S
655Rule Halifax 1928 1931 - May Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 D
656Rule Halifax 1928 only - Sep 9 0:00 0 S
657Rule Halifax 1929 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S
658Rule Halifax 1930 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S
659Rule Halifax 1931 1932 - Sep Mon>=24 0:00 0 S
660Rule Halifax 1933 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D
661Rule Halifax 1933 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 S
662Rule Halifax 1934 only - May 20 0:00 1:00 D
663Rule Halifax 1934 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 S
664Rule Halifax 1935 only - Jun 2 0:00 1:00 D
665Rule Halifax 1935 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 S
666Rule Halifax 1936 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D
667Rule Halifax 1936 only - Sep 14 0:00 0 S
668Rule Halifax 1937 1938 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
669Rule Halifax 1937 1941 - Sep Mon>=24 0:00 0 S
670Rule Halifax 1939 only - May 28 0:00 1:00 D
671Rule Halifax 1940 1941 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
672Rule Halifax 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 D
673Rule Halifax 1945 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
674Rule Halifax 1946 1959 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
675Rule Halifax 1962 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
676Rule Halifax 1962 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
677Rule Halifax 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
678# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
679Zone America/Halifax -4:14:24 - LMT 1902 Jun 15
680 -4:00 Halifax A%sT
681Zone America/Glace_Bay -3:59:48 - LMT 1902 Jun 15
682 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1953
683 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1954
684 -4:00 - AST 1972
685 -4:00 Halifax A%sT
686
687
688# Ontario, Quebec
689
690# From Paul Eggert (1996-06-12):
691# Shanks writes that since 1970 most of this region has been like Montreal.
692# Thunder Bay skipped DST in 1973.
693# Many smaller locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1974;
694# Nipigon (EST) and Rainy River (CST) are the largest that we know of.
695# Far west Ontario is like Winnipeg; far east Quebec is like Halifax.
696
697# From Paul Eggert (1997-10-17):
698# msb@sq.com writes that an article in the 1997-10-14 Toronto Star
699# says that Atikokan, Ontario currently does not observe DST,
700# but will vote on 11-10 whether to use EST/EDT.
701# He also writes that the
702# <a href="http://www.gov.on.ca/MBS/english/publications/statregs/conttext.html">
703# Ontario Time Act (1990, Chapter T.9)
704# </a>
705# says that Ontario east of 90W uses EST/EDT, and west of 90W uses CST/CDT.
706# Officially Atikokan is therefore on CST/CDT, and most likely this report
707# concerns a non-official time observed as a matter of local practice.
708# For what it's worth, Shanks says that Atikokan has agreed with
709# Rainy River ever since standard time was introduced.
710
711# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
712Rule Mont 1917 only - Mar 25 2:00 1:00 D
713Rule Mont 1917 only - Apr 24 0:00 0 S
714Rule Mont 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
715Rule Mont 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S
716Rule Mont 1919 only - Mar 31 2:30 1:00 D
717Rule Mont 1919 only - Oct 25 2:30 0 S
718Rule Mont 1920 only - May 2 2:30 1:00 D
719Rule Mont 1920 only - Oct 3 2:30 0 S
720Rule Mont 1921 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D
721Rule Mont 1921 only - Oct 2 2:30 0 S
722Rule Mont 1922 only - Apr 30 2:00 1:00 D
723Rule Mont 1922 only - Oct 1 2:30 0 S
724Rule Mont 1924 only - May 17 2:00 1:00 D
725Rule Mont 1924 1926 - Sep lastSun 2:30 0 S
726Rule Mont 1925 1926 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
727Rule Mont 1927 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
728Rule Mont 1927 1932 - Sep Sun>=25 0:00 0 S
729Rule Mont 1928 1931 - Apr Sun>=25 0:00 1:00 D
730Rule Mont 1932 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
731Rule Mont 1933 1940 - Apr Sun>=24 0:00 1:00 D
732Rule Mont 1933 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
733Rule Mont 1934 1939 - Sep Sun>=24 0:00 0 S
734Rule Mont 1945 1948 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
735Rule Mont 1946 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
736Rule Mont 1949 1950 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
737Rule Mont 1951 1956 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
738Rule Mont 1957 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
739Rule Mont 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
740# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
741Zone America/Montreal -4:54:16 - LMT 1884
742 -5:00 Mont E%sT
743Zone America/Thunder_Bay -5:57:00 - LMT 1895
744 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1970
745 -5:00 Mont E%sT 1973
746 -5:00 - EST 1974
747 -5:00 Canada E%sT
748Zone America/Nipigon -5:53:04 - LMT 1895
749 -5:00 Canada E%sT
750Zone America/Rainy_River -6:17:56 - LMT 1895
751 -6:00 Canada C%sT
752
753
754# Manitoba
755
756# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
757Rule Winn 1916 only - Apr 23 0:00 1:00 D
758Rule Winn 1916 only - Sep 17 0:00 0 S
759Rule Winn 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
760Rule Winn 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S
761Rule Winn 1937 only - May 16 2:00 1:00 D
762Rule Winn 1937 only - Sep 26 2:00 0 S
763Rule Winn 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 D
764Rule Winn 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
765Rule Winn 1946 only - May 12 2:00 1:00 D
766Rule Winn 1946 only - Oct 13 2:00 0 S
767Rule Winn 1947 1949 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
768Rule Winn 1947 1949 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
769Rule Winn 1950 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D
770Rule Winn 1950 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
771Rule Winn 1951 1960 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
772Rule Winn 1951 1958 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
773Rule Winn 1959 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
774Rule Winn 1960 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
775Rule Winn 1963 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
776Rule Winn 1963 only - Sep 22 2:00 0 S
777Rule Winn 1966 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
778Rule Winn 1966 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
779Rule Winn 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
780# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
781Zone America/Winnipeg -6:28:36 - LMT 1887 Jul 16
782 -6:00 Winn C%sT
783
784
785# Saskatchewan
786
787# From Paul Eggert (1996-06-12):
788# Shanks writes that since 1970 most of this region has been like Regina.
789# Some western towns (e.g. Swift Current) switched from MST/MDT to CST in 1972.
790# Other western towns (e.g. Lloydminster) are like Edmonton.
791
792# From W. Jones <jones@skdad.usask.ca> (1992-11-06):
793# The. . .below is based on information I got from our law library, the
794# provincial archives, and the provincial Community Services department.
795# A precise history would require digging through newspaper archives, and
796# since you didn't say what you wanted, I didn't bother.
797#
798# Saskatchewan is split by a time zone meridian (105W) and over the years
799# the boundary became pretty ragged as communities near it reevaluated
800# their affiliations in one direction or the other. In 1965 a provincial
801# referendum favoured legislating common time practices.
802#
803# On 15 April 1966 the Time Act (c. T-14, Revised Statutes of
804# Saskatchewan 1978) was proclaimed, and established that the eastern
805# part of Saskatchewan would use CST year round, that districts in
806# northwest Saskatchewan would by default follow CST but could opt to
807# follow Mountain Time rules (thus 1 hour difference in the winter and
808# zero in the summer), and that districts in southwest Saskatchewan would
809# by default follow MT but could opt to follow CST.
810#
811# It took a few years for the dust to settle (I know one story of a town
812# on one time zone having its school in another, such that a mom had to
813# serve her family lunch in two shifts), but presently it seems that only
814# a few towns on the border with Alberta (e.g. Lloydminster) follow MT
815# rules any more; all other districts appear to have used CST year round
816# since sometime in the 1960s.
817
818# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
819Rule Regina 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
820Rule Regina 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S
821Rule Regina 1930 1934 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
822Rule Regina 1930 1934 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
823Rule Regina 1937 1941 - Apr Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 D
824Rule Regina 1937 only - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
825Rule Regina 1938 only - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
826Rule Regina 1939 1941 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
827Rule Regina 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 D
828Rule Regina 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
829Rule Regina 1946 only - Apr Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
830Rule Regina 1946 only - Oct Sun>=8 2:00 0 S
831Rule Regina 1947 1959 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
832Rule Regina 1947 1958 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
833Rule Regina 1959 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
834#
835Rule Swift 1957 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
836Rule Swift 1957 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
837Rule Swift 1959 1961 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
838Rule Swift 1959 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
839Rule Swift 1960 1961 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
840# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
841Zone America/Regina -6:58:36 - LMT 1905 Sep
842 -7:00 Regina M%sT 1960 Apr lastSun 2:00
843 -6:00 - CST
844Zone America/Swift_Current -7:11:20 - LMT 1905 Sep
845 -7:00 Canada M%sT 1946 Apr lastSun 2:00
846 -7:00 Regina M%sT 1950
847 -7:00 Swift M%sT 1972 Apr lastSun 2:00
848 -6:00 - CST
849
850
851# Alberta
852
853# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
854Rule Edm 1918 1919 - Apr Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
855Rule Edm 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S
856Rule Edm 1919 only - May 27 2:00 0 S
857Rule Edm 1920 1923 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
858Rule Edm 1920 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
859Rule Edm 1921 1923 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
860Rule Edm 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 D
861Rule Edm 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
862Rule Edm 1947 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
863Rule Edm 1947 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
864Rule Edm 1967 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
865Rule Edm 1967 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
866Rule Edm 1969 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
867Rule Edm 1969 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
868Rule Edm 1972 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
869Rule Edm 1972 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
870Rule Edm 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
871# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
872Zone America/Edmonton -7:33:52 - LMT 1906 Sep
873 -7:00 Edm M%sT
874
875
876# British Columbia
877
878# From Paul Eggert (1996-06-12):
879# Shanks writes that since 1970 most of this region has been like Vancouver.
880# Dawson Creek uses MST. Much of east BC is like Edmonton.
881
882# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
883Rule Vanc 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
884Rule Vanc 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S
885Rule Vanc 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 D
886Rule Vanc 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
887Rule Vanc 1946 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
888Rule Vanc 1946 only - Oct 13 2:00 0 S
889Rule Vanc 1947 1961 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
890Rule Vanc 1962 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
891Rule Vanc 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
892# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
893Zone America/Vancouver -8:12:28 - LMT 1884
894 -8:00 Vanc P%sT
895Zone America/Dawson_Creek -8:00:56 - LMT 1884
896 -8:00 Canada P%sT 1947
897 -8:00 Vanc P%sT 1972 Aug 30 2:00
898 -7:00 - MST
899
900
901# Northwest Territories, Nunavut, Yukon
902
903# From Paul Eggert (1999-10-29):
904# Dawson switched to PST in 1973. Inuvik switched to MST in 1979.
905# Mathew Englander <mathew@io.org> (1996-10-07) gives the following refs:
906# * 1967. Paragraph 28(34)(g) of the Interpretation Act, S.C. 1967-68,
907# c. 7 defines Yukon standard time as UTC-9. This is still valid;
908# see Interpretation Act, R.S.C. 1985, c. I-21, s. 35(1).
909# * C.O. 1973/214 switched Yukon to PST on 1973-10-28 00:00.
910# * O.I.C. 1980/02 established DST.
911# * O.I.C. 1987/056 changed DST to Apr firstSun 2:00 to Oct lastSun 2:00.
912# Shanks says Yukon's 1973-10-28 switch was at 2:00; go with Englander.
913
914# From Rives McDow (1999-09-04):
915# Nunavut ... moved ... to incorporate the whole territory into one time zone.
916# <a href="http://www.nunatsiaq.com/nunavut/nvt90903_13.html">
917# Nunavut moves to single time zone Oct. 31
918# </a>
919#
920# From Antoine Leca (1999-09-06):
921# We then need to create a new timezone for the Kitikmeot region of Nunavut
922# to differentiate it from the Yellowknife region.
923
924# From Paul Eggert (1999-09-20):
925# <a href="http://www.nunavut.com/basicfacts/english/basicfacts_1territory.html">
926# Basic Facts: The New Territory
927# </a> (1999) reports that Pangnirtung operates on Eastern time,
928# and that Coral Harbour does not observe DST. We don't know when
929# Pangnirtung switched to Eastern time; we'll guess 1995.
930# We'll ignore the claim about Coral Harbour for now,
931# since we have no further info.
932
933# From Rives McDow (1999-11-08):
934# On October 31, when the rest of Nunavut went to Central time,
935# Pangnirtung wobbled. Here is the result of their wobble:
936#
937# The following businesses and organizations in Pangnirtung use Central Time:
938#
939# First Air, Power Corp, Nunavut Construction, Health Center, RCMP,
940# Eastern Arctic National Parks, A & D Specialist
941#
942# The following businesses and organizations in Pangnirtung use Eastern Time:
943#
944# Hamlet office, All other businesses, Both schools, Airport operator
945#
946# This has made for an interesting situation there, which warranted the news.
947# No one there that I spoke with seems concerned, or has plans to
948# change the local methods of keeping time, as it evidently does not
949# really interfere with any activities or make things difficult locally.
950# They plan to celebrate New Year's turn-over twice, one hour apart,
951# so it appears that the situation will last at least that long.
952# The Nunavut Intergovernmental Affairs hopes that they will "come to
953# their senses", but the locals evidently don't see any problem with
954# the current state of affairs.
955
956# From Michaela Rodrigue, writing in the
957# <a href="http://www.nunatsiaq.com/archives/nunavut991130/nvt91119_17.html">
958# Nunatsiaq News (1999-11-19)</a>:
959# Clyde River, Pangnirtung and Sanikiluaq now operate with two time zones,
960# central - or Nunavut time - for government offices, and eastern time
961# for municipal offices and schools.... Igloolik [was similar but then]
962# made the switch to central time on Saturday, Nov. 6.
963
964# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
965Rule NT_YK 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
966Rule NT_YK 1918 only - Oct 27 2:00 0 S
967Rule NT_YK 1919 only - May 25 2:00 1:00 D
968Rule NT_YK 1919 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 S
969Rule NT_YK 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 D
970Rule NT_YK 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
971Rule NT_YK 1965 only - Apr lastSun 0:00 2:00 DD
972Rule NT_YK 1965 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
973Rule NT_YK 1980 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
974Rule NT_YK 1980 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
975Rule NT_YK 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
976# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
977Zone America/Pangnirtung -4:22:56 - LMT 1884
978 -4:00 NT_YK A%sT 1995 Apr Sun>=1 2:00
979 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1999 Oct 31 2:00
980 -6:00 Canada C%sT
981Zone America/Iqaluit -4:33:52 - LMT 1884 # Frobisher Bay before 1987
982 -5:00 NT_YK E%sT 1999 Oct 31 2:00
983 -6:00 Canada C%sT
984Zone America/Rankin_Inlet -6:08:40 - LMT 1884
985 -6:00 NT_YK C%sT
986Zone America/Cambridge_Bay -7:00:20 - LMT 1884
987 -7:00 NT_YK M%sT 1999 Oct 31 2:00
988 -6:00 Canada C%sT
989Zone America/Yellowknife -7:37:24 - LMT 1884
990 -7:00 NT_YK M%sT
991Zone America/Inuvik -8:54:00 - LMT 1884
992 -8:00 NT_YK P%sT 1979 Apr lastSun 2:00
993 -7:00 NT_YK M%sT
994Zone America/Whitehorse -9:00:12 - LMT 1900 Aug 20
995 -9:00 NT_YK Y%sT 1966 Jul 1 2:00
996 -8:00 NT_YK P%sT
997Zone America/Dawson -9:17:40 - LMT 1900 Aug 20
998 -9:00 NT_YK Y%sT 1973 Oct 28 0:00
999 -8:00 NT_YK P%sT
1000
1001
1002###############################################################################
1003
1004# Mexico
1005
| 6# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
7# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
8# tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future).
9
10# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1999-03-22):
11# A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is
12# Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997).
13
14###############################################################################
15
16# United States
17
18# From Paul Eggert (1999-03-31):
19# Howse writes (pp 121-125) that time zones were invented by
20# Professor Charles Ferdinand Dowd (1825-1904),
21# Principal of Temple Grove Ladies' Seminary (Saratoga Springs, NY).
22# His pamphlet ``A System of National Time for Railroads'' (1870)
23# was the result of his proposals at the Convention of Railroad Trunk Lines
24# in New York City (1869-10). His 1870 proposal was based on Washington, DC,
25# but in 1872-05 he moved the proposed origin to Greenwich.
26# His proposal was adopted by the railroads on 1883-11-18 at 12:00,
27# and the most of the country soon followed suit.
28
29# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1995-12-19):
30# A good source for time zone historical data in the US is
31# Thomas G. Shanks, The American Atlas (5th edition),
32# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1991).
33# Make sure you have the errata sheet; the book is somewhat useless without it.
34# It is the source for the US and Puerto Rico entries below.
35
36# From Paul Eggert (1996-06-12):
37# Daylight Saving Time was first suggested as a joke by Benjamin Franklin
38# in his whimsical essay ``Turkey vs Eagle, McCauley is my Beagle'' (1784).
39# Not everyone is happy with the results:
40#
41# I don't really care how time is reckoned so long as there is some
42# agreement about it, but I object to being told that I am saving
43# daylight when my reason tells me that I am doing nothing of the kind.
44# I even object to the implication that I am wasting something
45# valuable if I stay in bed after the sun has risen. As an admirer
46# of moonlight I resent the bossy insistence of those who want to
47# reduce my time for enjoying it. At the back of the Daylight Saving
48# scheme I detect the bony, blue-fingered hand of Puritanism, eager
49# to push people into bed earlier, and get them up earlier, to make
50# them healthy, wealthy and wise in spite of themselves.
51#
52# -- Robertson Davies, The Diary of Samuel Marchbanks (1947), XIX, Sunday
53
54# From Arthur David Olson:
55# US Daylight Saving Time ended on the last Sunday of *October* in 1974.
56# See, for example, the front page of the Saturday, 1974-10-26
57# and Sunday, 1974-10-27 editions of the Washington Post.
58
59# From Arthur David Olson:
60# Before the Uniform Time Act of 1966 took effect in 1967, observance of
61# Daylight Saving Time in the US was by local option, except during wartime.
62
63# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
64Rule US 1918 1919 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 W # War
65Rule US 1918 1919 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
66Rule US 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
67Rule US 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
68Rule US 1967 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
69Rule US 1967 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
70Rule US 1974 only - Jan 6 2:00 1:00 D
71Rule US 1975 only - Feb 23 2:00 1:00 D
72Rule US 1976 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
73Rule US 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
74# <a href="http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/bdquery/z?d106:h.r.00177:">
75# H.R.177
76# </a> (introduced 1999-01-06) would change April to March in the above rule.
77
78# From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
79# ...Alaska (and Hawaii) had the timezone names changed in 1967.
80# old new
81# Pacific Standard Time(PST) -same-
82# Yukon Standard Time(YST) -same-
83# Central Alaska S.T. (CAT) Alaska-Hawaii St[an]dard Time (AHST)
84# Nome Standard Time (NT) Bering Standard Time (BST)
85#
86# ...Alaska's timezone lines were redrawn in 1983 to give only 2 tz.
87# The YST zone now covers nearly all of the state, AHST just part
88# of the Aleutian islands. No DST.
89
90# From Paul Eggert (1995-12-19):
91# The tables below use `NST', not `NT', for Nome Standard Time.
92# I invented `CAWT' for Central Alaska War Time.
93
94# From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19):
95# USA EASTERN 5 H BEHIND UTC NEW YORK, WASHINGTON
96# USA EASTERN 4 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
97# USA CENTRAL 6 H BEHIND UTC CHICAGO, HOUSTON
98# USA CENTRAL 5 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
99# USA MOUNTAIN 7 H BEHIND UTC DENVER
100# USA MOUNTAIN 6 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
101# USA PACIFIC 8 H BEHIND UTC L.A., SAN FRANCISCO
102# USA PACIFIC 7 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
103# USA ALASKA STD 9 H BEHIND UTC MOST OF ALASKA (AKST)
104# USA ALASKA STD 8 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30 (AKDT)
105# USA ALEUTIAN 10 H BEHIND UTC ISLANDS WEST OF 170W
106# USA - " - 9 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
107# USA HAWAII 10 H BEHIND UTC
108# USA BERING 11 H BEHIND UTC SAMOA, MIDWAY
109
110# From Arthur David Olson (1989-01-21):
111# The above dates are for 1988.
112# Note the "AKST" and "AKDT" abbreviations, the claim that there's
113# no DST in Samoa, and the claim that there is DST in Alaska and the
114# Aleutians.
115
116# From Arthur David Olson (1988-02-13):
117# Legal standard time zone names, from United States Code (1982 Edition and
118# Supplement III), Title 15, Chapter 6, Section 260 and forward. First, names
119# up to 1967-04-01 (when most provisions of the Uniform Time Act of 1966
120# took effect), as explained in sections 263 and 261:
121# (none)
122# United States standard eastern time
123# United States standard mountain time
124# United States standard central time
125# United States standard Pacific time
126# (none)
127# United States standard Alaska time
128# (none)
129# Next, names from 1967-04-01 until 1983-11-30 (the date for
130# public law 98-181):
131# Atlantic standard time
132# eastern standard time
133# central standard time
134# mountain standard time
135# Pacific standard time
136# Yukon standard time
137# Alaska-Hawaii standard time
138# Bering standard time
139# And after 1983-11-30:
140# Atlantic standard time
141# eastern standard time
142# central standard time
143# mountain standard time
144# Pacific standard time
145# Alaska standard time
146# Hawaii-Aleutian standard time
147# Samoa standard time
148# The law doesn't give abbreviations.
149#
150# From Paul Eggert (1995-12-19):
151# Shanks uses 1983-10-30, not 1983-11-30, for the 1983 transitions.
152# Go with Shanks.
153
154# US Eastern time, represented by New York
155# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
156Rule NYC 1920 only - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
157Rule NYC 1920 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
158Rule NYC 1921 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
159Rule NYC 1921 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
160Rule NYC 1955 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
161# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
162Zone America/New_York -4:56:02 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00
163 -5:00 US E%sT 1920
164 -5:00 NYC E%sT 1942
165 -5:00 US E%sT 1946
166 -5:00 NYC E%sT 1967
167 -5:00 US E%sT
168
169# US Central time, represented by Chicago
170# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
171Rule Chicago 1920 only - Jun 13 2:00 1:00 D
172Rule Chicago 1920 1921 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
173Rule Chicago 1921 only - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
174Rule Chicago 1922 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
175Rule Chicago 1922 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
176Rule Chicago 1955 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
177# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
178Zone America/Chicago -5:50:36 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00
179 -6:00 US C%sT 1920
180 -6:00 Chicago C%sT 1936 Mar 1 2:00
181 -5:00 - EST 1936 Nov 15 2:00
182 -6:00 Chicago C%sT 1942
183 -6:00 US C%sT 1946
184 -6:00 Chicago C%sT 1967
185 -6:00 US C%sT
186
187# US Mountain time, represented by Denver
188# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
189Rule Denver 1920 1921 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
190Rule Denver 1920 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
191Rule Denver 1921 only - May 22 2:00 0 S
192Rule Denver 1965 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
193Rule Denver 1965 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
194# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
195Zone America/Denver -6:59:56 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00
196 -7:00 US M%sT 1920
197 -7:00 Denver M%sT 1942
198 -7:00 US M%sT 1946
199 -7:00 Denver M%sT 1967
200 -7:00 US M%sT
201
202# US Pacific time, represented by Los Angeles
203# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
204Rule CA 1948 only - Mar 14 2:00 1:00 D
205Rule CA 1949 only - Jan 1 2:00 0 S
206Rule CA 1950 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
207Rule CA 1950 1961 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
208Rule CA 1962 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
209# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
210Zone America/Los_Angeles -7:52:58 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00
211 -8:00 US P%sT 1946
212 -8:00 CA P%sT 1967
213 -8:00 US P%sT
214
215# Alaska
216# AK%sT is the modern abbreviation for -9:00 per USNO.
217#
218# From Paul Eggert (1995-12-19):
219# Howse writes that Alaska switched from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar,
220# and from east-of-GMT to west-of-GMT days, when the US bought it from Russia.
221# This was on 1867-10-18. We omit this transition, since we can't represent
222# changes from Julian to Gregorian.
223#
224# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
225Zone America/Juneau -8:57:41 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
226 -8:00 - PST 1942
227 -8:00 US P%sT 1946
228 -8:00 - PST 1969
229 -8:00 US P%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
230 -9:00 US AK%sT
231Zone America/Yakutat -9:18:55 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
232 -9:00 - YST 1942
233 -9:00 US Y%sT 1946
234 -9:00 - YST 1969
235 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
236 -9:00 US AK%sT
237Zone America/Anchorage -9:59:36 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
238 -10:00 - CAT 1942
239 -10:00 US CAT/CAWT 1946
240 -10:00 - CAT 1967 Apr
241 -10:00 - AHST 1969
242 -10:00 US AH%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
243 -9:00 US AK%sT
244Zone America/Nome -11:01:38 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
245 -11:00 - NST 1942
246 -11:00 US N%sT 1946
247 -11:00 - NST 1967 Apr
248 -11:00 - BST 1969
249 -11:00 US B%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
250 -9:00 US AK%sT
251Zone America/Adak -11:46:38 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
252 -11:00 - NST 1942
253 -11:00 US N%sT 1946
254 -11:00 - NST 1967 Apr
255 -11:00 - BST 1969
256 -11:00 US B%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
257 -10:00 US HA%sT
258# Shanks writes that part of southwest Alaska (e.g. Aniak)
259# switched from -11:00 to -10:00 on 1968-09-22 at 02:00,
260# and another part (e.g. Akiak) made the same switch five weeks later.
261# These switches don't quite make our 1970 cutoff.
262
263# Hawaii
264#
265# From Arthur David Olson:
266# And then there's Hawaii.
267# DST was observed for one day in 1933;
268# standard time was changed by half an hour in 1947;
269# it's always standard as of 1986.
270#
271# From Paul Eggert:
272# Shanks says the 1933 experiment lasted for three weeks. Go with Shanks.
273#
274Zone Pacific/Honolulu -10:31:26 - LMT 1900 Jan 1 12:00
275 -10:30 - HST 1933 Apr 30 2:00
276 -10:30 1:00 HDT 1933 May 21 2:00
277 -10:30 US H%sT 1947 Jun 8 2:00
278 -10:00 - HST
279
280# Now we turn to US areas that have diverged from the consensus since 1970.
281
282# Arizona mostly uses MST.
283Zone America/Phoenix -7:28:18 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00
284 -7:00 US M%sT 1944 Jan 1 00:01
285 -7:00 - MST 1944 Mar 17 00:01
286 -7:00 US M%sT 1944 Oct 1 00:01
287 -7:00 - MST 1967
288 -7:00 US M%sT 1968
289 -7:00 - MST
290# From Arthur David Olson (1988-02-13):
291# A writer from the Inter Tribal Council of Arizona, Inc.,
292# notes in private correspondence dated 12/28/87 that "Presently, only the
293# Navajo Nation participates in the Daylight Saving Time policy, due to its
294# large size and location in three states." (The "only" means that other
295# tribal nations don't use DST.)
296
297Link America/Denver America/Shiprock
298
299# Southern Idaho and eastern Oregon switched four weeks late in 1974.
300# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
301Zone America/Boise -7:44:49 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00
302 -8:00 US P%sT 1923 May 13 2:00
303 -7:00 US M%sT 1974
304 -7:00 - MST 1974 Feb 3 2:00
305 -7:00 US M%sT
306
307# Indiana
308#
309# For a map of Indiana's time zone regions, see:
310# <a href="http://www.mccsc.edu/time.html">
311# What time is it in Indiana?
312# </a> (1999-04-06)
313#
314# From Paul Eggert (1995-12-19):
315# Indiana generally observes either EST all year, or CST/CDT,
316# but areas near Cincinnati and Louisville use those cities' timekeeping
317# and in 1969 and 1970 the whole state observed daylight time;
318# and there are other exceptions as noted below.
319# Shanks partitions Indiana into 345 regions, each with its own time history,
320# and writes ``Even newspaper reports present contradictory information.''
321# Fortunately, most of the complexity occurred before our cutoff date of 1970.
322#
323# Since 1970, EST-only Indiana has been like America/Indianapolis,
324# with exceptions noted below for Crawford, Starke, and Switzerland counties.
325# The parts of Indiana not listed below have been like America/Chicago,
326# America/Louisville, or America/New_York.
327#
328# Other than Indianapolis, the Indiana place names are so nondescript
329# that they would be ambiguous if we left them at the `America' level.
330# So we reluctantly put them all in a subdirectory `America/Indiana'.
331#
332# Most of EST-only Indiana last observed DST in 1970.
333# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
334Rule Indianapolis 1941 only - Jun 22 2:00 1:00 D
335Rule Indianapolis 1941 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
336Rule Indianapolis 1946 1954 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
337# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
338Zone America/Indianapolis -5:44:38 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00
339 -6:00 US C%sT 1920
340 -6:00 Indianapolis C%sT 1942
341 -6:00 US C%sT 1946
342 -6:00 Indianapolis C%sT 1955 Apr 24 2:00
343 -5:00 - EST 1957 Sep 29 2:00
344 -6:00 - CST 1958 Apr 27 2:00
345 -5:00 - EST 1969
346 -5:00 US E%sT 1971
347 -5:00 - EST
348Link America/Indianapolis America/Indiana/Indianapolis
349#
350# Part of Crawford County, Indiana, last observed DST in 1975,
351# and left its clocks alone in 1974.
352# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
353Rule Marengo 1951 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
354Rule Marengo 1951 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
355Rule Marengo 1954 1960 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
356Rule Marengo 1954 1960 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
357# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
358Zone America/Indiana/Marengo -5:45:23 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00
359 -6:00 US C%sT 1951
360 -6:00 Marengo C%sT 1961 Apr 30 2:00
361 -5:00 - EST 1969
362 -5:00 US E%sT 1974 Jan 6 2:00
363 -6:00 1:00 CDT 1974 Oct 27 2:00
364 -5:00 US E%sT 1976
365 -5:00 - EST
366#
367# Starke County, Indiana
368# From Arthur David Olson (1991-10-28):
369# An article on page A3 of the Sunday, 1991-10-27 Washington Post
370# notes that Starke County switched from Central time to Eastern time as of
371# 1991-10-27.
372# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
373Rule Starke 1947 1961 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
374Rule Starke 1947 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
375Rule Starke 1955 1956 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
376Rule Starke 1957 1958 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
377Rule Starke 1959 1961 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
378# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
379Zone America/Indiana/Knox -5:46:30 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00
380 -6:00 US C%sT 1947
381 -6:00 Starke C%sT 1962 Apr 29 2:00
382 -5:00 - EST 1963 Oct 27 2:00
383 -6:00 US C%sT 1991 Oct 27 2:00
384 -5:00 - EST
385#
386# Switzerland County, Indiana, last observed DST in 1972.
387# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
388Zone America/Indiana/Vevay -5:40:16 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00
389 -6:00 US C%sT 1954 Apr 25 2:00
390 -5:00 - EST 1969
391 -5:00 US E%sT 1973
392 -5:00 - EST
393
394# Part of Kentucky left its clocks alone in 1974.
395# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
396Rule Louisville 1921 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D
397Rule Louisville 1921 only - Sep 1 2:00 0 S
398Rule Louisville 1941 1961 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
399Rule Louisville 1941 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
400Rule Louisville 1946 only - Jun 2 2:00 0 S
401Rule Louisville 1950 1955 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
402Rule Louisville 1956 1960 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
403# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
404Zone America/Louisville -5:43:02 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00
405 -6:00 US C%sT 1921
406 -6:00 Louisville C%sT 1942
407 -6:00 US C%sT 1946
408 -6:00 Louisville C%sT 1961 Jul 23 2:00
409 -5:00 - EST 1968
410 -5:00 US E%sT 1974 Jan 6 2:00
411 -6:00 1:00 CDT 1974 Oct 27 2:00
412 -5:00 US E%sT
413# Wayne, Clinton, and Russell Counties, Kentucky
414# From
415# <a href="http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname=1999_register&docid=99-26945-filed">
416# Federal Register Doc. 99-26945
417# </a> (1999-10-14 08:45-04)
418# In response to a petition by the Wayne County, Kentucky, Fiscal Court,
419# the Department of Transportation (DOT) proposed to move Wayne County,
420# Kentucky, from the Central Time Zone to the Eastern Time Zone.... Now
421# the earliest date that the proposed change might take effect is
422# October 29, 2000.
423#
424# From
425# <a href="http://www.lake-cumberland.com/life/archive/news990129time.shtml">
426# Lake Cumberland LIFE
427# </a> (1999-01-29) via WKYM-101.7:
428# Clinton County has joined Wayne County in asking the DoT to change from
429# the Central to the Eastern time zone.... The Wayne County government made
430# the same request in December. And while Russell County officials have not
431# taken action, the majority of respondents to a poll conducted there in
432# August indicated they would like to change to "fast time" also.
433# The three Lake Cumberland counties are the farthest east of any U.S.
434# location in the Central time zone.
435
436# Michigan
437#
438# From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
439# Michigan didn't observe DST from 1968 to 1973.
440#
441# From Paul Eggert (1999-03-31):
442# Shanks writes that Michigan started using standard time on 1885-09-18,
443# but Howse writes (pp 124-125, referring to Popular Astronomy, 1901-01)
444# that Detroit kept
445#
446# local time until 1900 when the City Council decreed that clocks should
447# be put back twenty-eight minutes to Central Standard Time. Half the
448# city obeyed, half refused. After considerable debate, the decision
449# was rescinded and the city reverted to Sun time. A derisive offer to
450# erect a sundial in front of the city hall was referred to the
451# Committee on Sewers. Then, in 1905, Central time was adopted
452# by city vote.
453#
454# This story is too entertaining to be false, so go with Howse over Shanks.
455#
456# Most of Michigan observed DST from 1973 on, but was a bit late in 1975.
457# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
458Rule Detroit 1948 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
459Rule Detroit 1948 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
460Rule Detroit 1967 only - Jun 14 2:00 1:00 D
461Rule Detroit 1967 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
462# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
463Zone America/Detroit -5:32:11 - LMT 1905
464 -6:00 - CST 1915 May 15 2:00
465 -5:00 - EST 1942
466 -5:00 US E%sT 1946
467 -5:00 Detroit E%sT 1973
468 -5:00 US E%sT 1975
469 -5:00 - EST 1975 Apr 27 2:00
470 -5:00 US E%sT
471#
472# The Michigan border with Wisconsin switched from EST to CST/CDT in 1973.
473# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
474Rule Menominee 1946 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
475Rule Menominee 1946 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
476Rule Menominee 1966 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
477Rule Menominee 1966 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
478# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
479Zone America/Menominee -5:50:27 - LMT 1885 Sep 18 12:00
480 -6:00 US C%sT 1946
481 -6:00 Menominee C%sT 1969 Apr 27 2:00
482 -5:00 - EST 1973 Apr 29 2:00
483 -6:00 US C%sT
484
485# Navassa
486# claimed by US under the provisions of the 1856 Guano Islands Act
487# also claimed by Haiti
488# occupied 1857/1900 by the Navassa Phosphate Co
489# US lighthouse 1917/1997-01
490# currently uninhabited
491# see Mark Fineman, ``An Isle Rich in Guano and Discord'',
492# _Los Angeles Times_ (1998-11-10), A1, A10; it cites
493# Jimmy Skaggs, _The Great Guano Rush_ (1994).
494
495# Old names, for S5 users
496
497# Link LINK-FROM LINK-TO
498Link America/New_York EST5EDT
499Link America/Chicago CST6CDT
500Link America/Denver MST7MDT
501Link America/Los_Angeles PST8PDT
502Link America/Indianapolis EST
503Link America/Phoenix MST
504Link Pacific/Honolulu HST
505
506################################################################################
507
508
509# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1999-10-29):
510# A good source for time zone historical data outside the US is
511# Thomas G. Shanks, The International Atlas (5th edition),
512# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1999).
513#
514# Gwillim Law <Gwil_Law@bridge-point.com> writes that a good source
515# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
516# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
517# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries
518# of the IATA's data after 1990.
519#
520# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks is the source for entries through 1990,
521# and IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990.
522#
523# Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences,
524# Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which
525# I found in the UCLA library.
526#
527# See the `europe' file for Greenland.
528
529# Canada
530
531# From Alain LaBont<e'> <ALB@immedia.ca> (1994-11-14):
532# I post here the time zone abbreviations standardized in Canada
533# for both English and French in the CAN/CSA-Z234.4-89 standard....
534#
535# UTC Standard time Daylight savings time
536# offset French English French English
537# -2:30 - - HAT NDT
538# -3 - - HAA ADT
539# -3:30 HNT NST - -
540# -4 HNA AST HAE EDT
541# -5 HNE EST HAC CDT
542# -6 HNC CST HAR MDT
543# -7 HNR MST HAP PDT
544# -8 HNP PST HAY YDT
545# -9 HNY YST - -
546#
547# HN: Heure Normale ST: Standard Time
548# HA: Heure Avanc<e'>e DT: Daylight saving Time
549#
550# A: de l'Atlantique Atlantic
551# C: du Centre Central
552# E: de l'Est Eastern
553# M: Mountain
554# N: Newfoundland
555# P: du Pacifique Pacific
556# R: des Rocheuses
557# T: de Terre-Neuve
558# Y: du Yukon Yukon
559#
560# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1994-11-22):
561# Alas, this sort of thing must be handled by localization software.
562
563# The data for Canada are all from Shanks.
564
565
566# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
567Rule Canada 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
568Rule Canada 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S
569Rule Canada 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 D
570Rule Canada 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
571Rule Canada 1974 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
572Rule Canada 1974 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
573Rule Canada 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
574
575
576# Newfoundland (except Labrador)
577
578# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
579Rule StJohns 1917 1918 - Apr Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
580Rule StJohns 1917 only - Sep 17 2:00 0 S
581Rule StJohns 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S
582# Whitman gives 1919 Apr 5 and 1920 Apr 5; go with Shanks.
583Rule StJohns 1919 only - May 5 23:00 1:00 D
584Rule StJohns 1919 only - Aug 12 23:00 0 S
585# For 1931-1935 Whitman gives Apr same date; go with Shanks.
586Rule StJohns 1920 1935 - May Sun>=1 23:00 1:00 D
587Rule StJohns 1920 1935 - Oct lastSun 23:00 0 S
588# For 1936-1941 Shanks gives May Mon>=9 and Oct Mon>=2; go with Whitman.
589Rule StJohns 1936 1941 - May Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 D
590Rule StJohns 1936 1941 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
591# Shanks gives 1942 May 11 - 1945 Sep 30; go with Whitman.
592Rule StJohns 1942 only - Mar 1 0:00 1:00 D
593Rule StJohns 1942 only - Dec 31 0:00 0 S
594Rule StJohns 1943 only - May 30 0:00 1:00 D
595Rule StJohns 1943 only - Sep 5 0:00 0 S
596Rule StJohns 1944 only - Jul 10 0:00 1:00 D
597Rule StJohns 1944 only - Sep 2 0:00 0 S
598Rule StJohns 1945 only - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 D
599Rule StJohns 1945 only - Oct 7 2:00 0 S
600# For 1946-9 Whitman gives May 5,4,9,1 - Oct 1,5,3,2, and for 1950 he gives
601# Apr 30 - Sep 24; go with Shanks.
602Rule StJohns 1946 1950 - May Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
603Rule StJohns 1946 1950 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00 0 S
604Rule StJohns 1951 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
605Rule StJohns 1951 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
606Rule StJohns 1960 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
607Rule StJohns 1987 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
608Rule StJohns 1988 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 2:00 DD
609Rule StJohns 1989 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
610# St John's has an apostrophe, but Posix file names can't have apostrophes.
611# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
612Zone America/St_Johns -3:30:52 - LMT 1884
613 -3:30:52 StJohns N%sT 1935 Mar 30
614 -3:30 StJohns N%sT
615
616
617# east Labrador
618
619# The name `Happy Valley-Goose Bay' is too long; use `Goose Bay'.
620# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
621Zone America/Goose_Bay -4:01:40 - LMT 1884 # Happy Valley-Goose Bay
622 -3:30:52 StJohns NST 1919
623 -3:30:52 - NST 1935 Mar 30
624 -3:30 - NST 1936
625 -3:30 StJohns N%sT 1966 Mar 15 2:00
626 -4:00 StJohns A%sT
627
628
629# west Labrador, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward I
630
631# From Paul Eggert (1996-06-12):
632# Shanks writes that since 1970 most of this region has been like Halifax.
633# Many locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1972;
634# Glace Bay, NS is the largest that we know of.
635# Shanks also writes that Liverpool, NS was the only town in Canada to observe
636# DST in 1971 but not 1970; for now we'll assume this is a typo.
637
638# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
639Rule Halifax 1916 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
640Rule Halifax 1916 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
641Rule Halifax 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
642Rule Halifax 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S
643Rule Halifax 1920 only - May 9 0:00 1:00 D
644Rule Halifax 1920 only - Aug 29 0:00 0 S
645Rule Halifax 1921 only - May 6 0:00 1:00 D
646Rule Halifax 1921 1922 - Sep 5 0:00 0 S
647Rule Halifax 1922 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D
648Rule Halifax 1923 1925 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
649Rule Halifax 1923 only - Sep 4 0:00 0 S
650Rule Halifax 1924 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S
651Rule Halifax 1925 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 S
652Rule Halifax 1926 only - May 16 0:00 1:00 D
653Rule Halifax 1926 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S
654Rule Halifax 1927 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
655Rule Halifax 1927 only - Sep 26 0:00 0 S
656Rule Halifax 1928 1931 - May Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 D
657Rule Halifax 1928 only - Sep 9 0:00 0 S
658Rule Halifax 1929 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S
659Rule Halifax 1930 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S
660Rule Halifax 1931 1932 - Sep Mon>=24 0:00 0 S
661Rule Halifax 1933 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D
662Rule Halifax 1933 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 S
663Rule Halifax 1934 only - May 20 0:00 1:00 D
664Rule Halifax 1934 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 S
665Rule Halifax 1935 only - Jun 2 0:00 1:00 D
666Rule Halifax 1935 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 S
667Rule Halifax 1936 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D
668Rule Halifax 1936 only - Sep 14 0:00 0 S
669Rule Halifax 1937 1938 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
670Rule Halifax 1937 1941 - Sep Mon>=24 0:00 0 S
671Rule Halifax 1939 only - May 28 0:00 1:00 D
672Rule Halifax 1940 1941 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
673Rule Halifax 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 D
674Rule Halifax 1945 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
675Rule Halifax 1946 1959 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
676Rule Halifax 1962 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
677Rule Halifax 1962 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
678Rule Halifax 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
679# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
680Zone America/Halifax -4:14:24 - LMT 1902 Jun 15
681 -4:00 Halifax A%sT
682Zone America/Glace_Bay -3:59:48 - LMT 1902 Jun 15
683 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1953
684 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1954
685 -4:00 - AST 1972
686 -4:00 Halifax A%sT
687
688
689# Ontario, Quebec
690
691# From Paul Eggert (1996-06-12):
692# Shanks writes that since 1970 most of this region has been like Montreal.
693# Thunder Bay skipped DST in 1973.
694# Many smaller locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1974;
695# Nipigon (EST) and Rainy River (CST) are the largest that we know of.
696# Far west Ontario is like Winnipeg; far east Quebec is like Halifax.
697
698# From Paul Eggert (1997-10-17):
699# msb@sq.com writes that an article in the 1997-10-14 Toronto Star
700# says that Atikokan, Ontario currently does not observe DST,
701# but will vote on 11-10 whether to use EST/EDT.
702# He also writes that the
703# <a href="http://www.gov.on.ca/MBS/english/publications/statregs/conttext.html">
704# Ontario Time Act (1990, Chapter T.9)
705# </a>
706# says that Ontario east of 90W uses EST/EDT, and west of 90W uses CST/CDT.
707# Officially Atikokan is therefore on CST/CDT, and most likely this report
708# concerns a non-official time observed as a matter of local practice.
709# For what it's worth, Shanks says that Atikokan has agreed with
710# Rainy River ever since standard time was introduced.
711
712# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
713Rule Mont 1917 only - Mar 25 2:00 1:00 D
714Rule Mont 1917 only - Apr 24 0:00 0 S
715Rule Mont 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
716Rule Mont 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S
717Rule Mont 1919 only - Mar 31 2:30 1:00 D
718Rule Mont 1919 only - Oct 25 2:30 0 S
719Rule Mont 1920 only - May 2 2:30 1:00 D
720Rule Mont 1920 only - Oct 3 2:30 0 S
721Rule Mont 1921 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D
722Rule Mont 1921 only - Oct 2 2:30 0 S
723Rule Mont 1922 only - Apr 30 2:00 1:00 D
724Rule Mont 1922 only - Oct 1 2:30 0 S
725Rule Mont 1924 only - May 17 2:00 1:00 D
726Rule Mont 1924 1926 - Sep lastSun 2:30 0 S
727Rule Mont 1925 1926 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
728Rule Mont 1927 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
729Rule Mont 1927 1932 - Sep Sun>=25 0:00 0 S
730Rule Mont 1928 1931 - Apr Sun>=25 0:00 1:00 D
731Rule Mont 1932 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
732Rule Mont 1933 1940 - Apr Sun>=24 0:00 1:00 D
733Rule Mont 1933 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
734Rule Mont 1934 1939 - Sep Sun>=24 0:00 0 S
735Rule Mont 1945 1948 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
736Rule Mont 1946 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
737Rule Mont 1949 1950 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
738Rule Mont 1951 1956 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
739Rule Mont 1957 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
740Rule Mont 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
741# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
742Zone America/Montreal -4:54:16 - LMT 1884
743 -5:00 Mont E%sT
744Zone America/Thunder_Bay -5:57:00 - LMT 1895
745 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1970
746 -5:00 Mont E%sT 1973
747 -5:00 - EST 1974
748 -5:00 Canada E%sT
749Zone America/Nipigon -5:53:04 - LMT 1895
750 -5:00 Canada E%sT
751Zone America/Rainy_River -6:17:56 - LMT 1895
752 -6:00 Canada C%sT
753
754
755# Manitoba
756
757# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
758Rule Winn 1916 only - Apr 23 0:00 1:00 D
759Rule Winn 1916 only - Sep 17 0:00 0 S
760Rule Winn 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
761Rule Winn 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S
762Rule Winn 1937 only - May 16 2:00 1:00 D
763Rule Winn 1937 only - Sep 26 2:00 0 S
764Rule Winn 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 D
765Rule Winn 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
766Rule Winn 1946 only - May 12 2:00 1:00 D
767Rule Winn 1946 only - Oct 13 2:00 0 S
768Rule Winn 1947 1949 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
769Rule Winn 1947 1949 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
770Rule Winn 1950 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D
771Rule Winn 1950 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
772Rule Winn 1951 1960 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
773Rule Winn 1951 1958 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
774Rule Winn 1959 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
775Rule Winn 1960 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
776Rule Winn 1963 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
777Rule Winn 1963 only - Sep 22 2:00 0 S
778Rule Winn 1966 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
779Rule Winn 1966 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
780Rule Winn 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
781# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
782Zone America/Winnipeg -6:28:36 - LMT 1887 Jul 16
783 -6:00 Winn C%sT
784
785
786# Saskatchewan
787
788# From Paul Eggert (1996-06-12):
789# Shanks writes that since 1970 most of this region has been like Regina.
790# Some western towns (e.g. Swift Current) switched from MST/MDT to CST in 1972.
791# Other western towns (e.g. Lloydminster) are like Edmonton.
792
793# From W. Jones <jones@skdad.usask.ca> (1992-11-06):
794# The. . .below is based on information I got from our law library, the
795# provincial archives, and the provincial Community Services department.
796# A precise history would require digging through newspaper archives, and
797# since you didn't say what you wanted, I didn't bother.
798#
799# Saskatchewan is split by a time zone meridian (105W) and over the years
800# the boundary became pretty ragged as communities near it reevaluated
801# their affiliations in one direction or the other. In 1965 a provincial
802# referendum favoured legislating common time practices.
803#
804# On 15 April 1966 the Time Act (c. T-14, Revised Statutes of
805# Saskatchewan 1978) was proclaimed, and established that the eastern
806# part of Saskatchewan would use CST year round, that districts in
807# northwest Saskatchewan would by default follow CST but could opt to
808# follow Mountain Time rules (thus 1 hour difference in the winter and
809# zero in the summer), and that districts in southwest Saskatchewan would
810# by default follow MT but could opt to follow CST.
811#
812# It took a few years for the dust to settle (I know one story of a town
813# on one time zone having its school in another, such that a mom had to
814# serve her family lunch in two shifts), but presently it seems that only
815# a few towns on the border with Alberta (e.g. Lloydminster) follow MT
816# rules any more; all other districts appear to have used CST year round
817# since sometime in the 1960s.
818
819# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
820Rule Regina 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
821Rule Regina 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S
822Rule Regina 1930 1934 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
823Rule Regina 1930 1934 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
824Rule Regina 1937 1941 - Apr Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 D
825Rule Regina 1937 only - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
826Rule Regina 1938 only - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
827Rule Regina 1939 1941 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
828Rule Regina 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 D
829Rule Regina 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
830Rule Regina 1946 only - Apr Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
831Rule Regina 1946 only - Oct Sun>=8 2:00 0 S
832Rule Regina 1947 1959 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
833Rule Regina 1947 1958 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
834Rule Regina 1959 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
835#
836Rule Swift 1957 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
837Rule Swift 1957 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
838Rule Swift 1959 1961 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
839Rule Swift 1959 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
840Rule Swift 1960 1961 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
841# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
842Zone America/Regina -6:58:36 - LMT 1905 Sep
843 -7:00 Regina M%sT 1960 Apr lastSun 2:00
844 -6:00 - CST
845Zone America/Swift_Current -7:11:20 - LMT 1905 Sep
846 -7:00 Canada M%sT 1946 Apr lastSun 2:00
847 -7:00 Regina M%sT 1950
848 -7:00 Swift M%sT 1972 Apr lastSun 2:00
849 -6:00 - CST
850
851
852# Alberta
853
854# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
855Rule Edm 1918 1919 - Apr Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
856Rule Edm 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S
857Rule Edm 1919 only - May 27 2:00 0 S
858Rule Edm 1920 1923 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
859Rule Edm 1920 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
860Rule Edm 1921 1923 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
861Rule Edm 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 D
862Rule Edm 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
863Rule Edm 1947 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
864Rule Edm 1947 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
865Rule Edm 1967 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
866Rule Edm 1967 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
867Rule Edm 1969 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
868Rule Edm 1969 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
869Rule Edm 1972 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
870Rule Edm 1972 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
871Rule Edm 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
872# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
873Zone America/Edmonton -7:33:52 - LMT 1906 Sep
874 -7:00 Edm M%sT
875
876
877# British Columbia
878
879# From Paul Eggert (1996-06-12):
880# Shanks writes that since 1970 most of this region has been like Vancouver.
881# Dawson Creek uses MST. Much of east BC is like Edmonton.
882
883# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
884Rule Vanc 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
885Rule Vanc 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S
886Rule Vanc 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 D
887Rule Vanc 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
888Rule Vanc 1946 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
889Rule Vanc 1946 only - Oct 13 2:00 0 S
890Rule Vanc 1947 1961 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
891Rule Vanc 1962 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
892Rule Vanc 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
893# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
894Zone America/Vancouver -8:12:28 - LMT 1884
895 -8:00 Vanc P%sT
896Zone America/Dawson_Creek -8:00:56 - LMT 1884
897 -8:00 Canada P%sT 1947
898 -8:00 Vanc P%sT 1972 Aug 30 2:00
899 -7:00 - MST
900
901
902# Northwest Territories, Nunavut, Yukon
903
904# From Paul Eggert (1999-10-29):
905# Dawson switched to PST in 1973. Inuvik switched to MST in 1979.
906# Mathew Englander <mathew@io.org> (1996-10-07) gives the following refs:
907# * 1967. Paragraph 28(34)(g) of the Interpretation Act, S.C. 1967-68,
908# c. 7 defines Yukon standard time as UTC-9. This is still valid;
909# see Interpretation Act, R.S.C. 1985, c. I-21, s. 35(1).
910# * C.O. 1973/214 switched Yukon to PST on 1973-10-28 00:00.
911# * O.I.C. 1980/02 established DST.
912# * O.I.C. 1987/056 changed DST to Apr firstSun 2:00 to Oct lastSun 2:00.
913# Shanks says Yukon's 1973-10-28 switch was at 2:00; go with Englander.
914
915# From Rives McDow (1999-09-04):
916# Nunavut ... moved ... to incorporate the whole territory into one time zone.
917# <a href="http://www.nunatsiaq.com/nunavut/nvt90903_13.html">
918# Nunavut moves to single time zone Oct. 31
919# </a>
920#
921# From Antoine Leca (1999-09-06):
922# We then need to create a new timezone for the Kitikmeot region of Nunavut
923# to differentiate it from the Yellowknife region.
924
925# From Paul Eggert (1999-09-20):
926# <a href="http://www.nunavut.com/basicfacts/english/basicfacts_1territory.html">
927# Basic Facts: The New Territory
928# </a> (1999) reports that Pangnirtung operates on Eastern time,
929# and that Coral Harbour does not observe DST. We don't know when
930# Pangnirtung switched to Eastern time; we'll guess 1995.
931# We'll ignore the claim about Coral Harbour for now,
932# since we have no further info.
933
934# From Rives McDow (1999-11-08):
935# On October 31, when the rest of Nunavut went to Central time,
936# Pangnirtung wobbled. Here is the result of their wobble:
937#
938# The following businesses and organizations in Pangnirtung use Central Time:
939#
940# First Air, Power Corp, Nunavut Construction, Health Center, RCMP,
941# Eastern Arctic National Parks, A & D Specialist
942#
943# The following businesses and organizations in Pangnirtung use Eastern Time:
944#
945# Hamlet office, All other businesses, Both schools, Airport operator
946#
947# This has made for an interesting situation there, which warranted the news.
948# No one there that I spoke with seems concerned, or has plans to
949# change the local methods of keeping time, as it evidently does not
950# really interfere with any activities or make things difficult locally.
951# They plan to celebrate New Year's turn-over twice, one hour apart,
952# so it appears that the situation will last at least that long.
953# The Nunavut Intergovernmental Affairs hopes that they will "come to
954# their senses", but the locals evidently don't see any problem with
955# the current state of affairs.
956
957# From Michaela Rodrigue, writing in the
958# <a href="http://www.nunatsiaq.com/archives/nunavut991130/nvt91119_17.html">
959# Nunatsiaq News (1999-11-19)</a>:
960# Clyde River, Pangnirtung and Sanikiluaq now operate with two time zones,
961# central - or Nunavut time - for government offices, and eastern time
962# for municipal offices and schools.... Igloolik [was similar but then]
963# made the switch to central time on Saturday, Nov. 6.
964
965# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
966Rule NT_YK 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
967Rule NT_YK 1918 only - Oct 27 2:00 0 S
968Rule NT_YK 1919 only - May 25 2:00 1:00 D
969Rule NT_YK 1919 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 S
970Rule NT_YK 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 D
971Rule NT_YK 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
972Rule NT_YK 1965 only - Apr lastSun 0:00 2:00 DD
973Rule NT_YK 1965 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
974Rule NT_YK 1980 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
975Rule NT_YK 1980 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
976Rule NT_YK 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
977# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
978Zone America/Pangnirtung -4:22:56 - LMT 1884
979 -4:00 NT_YK A%sT 1995 Apr Sun>=1 2:00
980 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1999 Oct 31 2:00
981 -6:00 Canada C%sT
982Zone America/Iqaluit -4:33:52 - LMT 1884 # Frobisher Bay before 1987
983 -5:00 NT_YK E%sT 1999 Oct 31 2:00
984 -6:00 Canada C%sT
985Zone America/Rankin_Inlet -6:08:40 - LMT 1884
986 -6:00 NT_YK C%sT
987Zone America/Cambridge_Bay -7:00:20 - LMT 1884
988 -7:00 NT_YK M%sT 1999 Oct 31 2:00
989 -6:00 Canada C%sT
990Zone America/Yellowknife -7:37:24 - LMT 1884
991 -7:00 NT_YK M%sT
992Zone America/Inuvik -8:54:00 - LMT 1884
993 -8:00 NT_YK P%sT 1979 Apr lastSun 2:00
994 -7:00 NT_YK M%sT
995Zone America/Whitehorse -9:00:12 - LMT 1900 Aug 20
996 -9:00 NT_YK Y%sT 1966 Jul 1 2:00
997 -8:00 NT_YK P%sT
998Zone America/Dawson -9:17:40 - LMT 1900 Aug 20
999 -9:00 NT_YK Y%sT 1973 Oct 28 0:00
1000 -8:00 NT_YK P%sT
1001
1002
1003###############################################################################
1004
1005# Mexico
1006
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