1# @(#)australasia 7.69
| 1# @(#)australasia 7.73
|
2# This file also includes Pacific islands.
3
4# Notes are at the end of this file
5
6###############################################################################
7
8# Australia
9
10# Please see the notes below for the controversy about "EST" versus "AEST" etc.
11
12# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
13Rule Aus 1917 only - Jan 1 0:01 1:00 -
14Rule Aus 1917 only - Mar 25 2:00 0 -
15Rule Aus 1942 only - Jan 1 2:00 1:00 -
16Rule Aus 1942 only - Mar 29 2:00 0 -
17Rule Aus 1942 only - Sep 27 2:00 1:00 -
18Rule Aus 1943 1944 - Mar lastSun 2:00 0 -
19Rule Aus 1943 only - Oct 3 2:00 1:00 -
20# Go with Whitman and the Australian National Standards Commission, which
21# says W Australia didn't use DST in 1943/1944. Ignore Whitman's claim that
22# 1944/1945 was just like 1943/1944.
23
24# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
25# Northern Territory
26Zone Australia/Darwin 8:43:20 - LMT 1895 Feb
27 9:00 - CST 1899 May
28 9:30 Aus CST
29# Western Australia
30Zone Australia/Perth 7:43:24 - LMT 1895 Dec
31 8:00 Aus WST 1943 Jul
32 8:00 - WST 1974 Oct lastSun 2:00s
33 8:00 1:00 WST 1975 Mar Sun>=1 2:00s
34 8:00 - WST 1983 Oct lastSun 2:00s
35 8:00 1:00 WST 1984 Mar Sun>=1 2:00s
36 8:00 - WST 1991 Nov 17 2:00s
37 8:00 1:00 WST 1992 Mar Sun>=1 2:00s
38 8:00 - WST
39# Queensland
40#
| 2# This file also includes Pacific islands.
3
4# Notes are at the end of this file
5
6###############################################################################
7
8# Australia
9
10# Please see the notes below for the controversy about "EST" versus "AEST" etc.
11
12# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
13Rule Aus 1917 only - Jan 1 0:01 1:00 -
14Rule Aus 1917 only - Mar 25 2:00 0 -
15Rule Aus 1942 only - Jan 1 2:00 1:00 -
16Rule Aus 1942 only - Mar 29 2:00 0 -
17Rule Aus 1942 only - Sep 27 2:00 1:00 -
18Rule Aus 1943 1944 - Mar lastSun 2:00 0 -
19Rule Aus 1943 only - Oct 3 2:00 1:00 -
20# Go with Whitman and the Australian National Standards Commission, which
21# says W Australia didn't use DST in 1943/1944. Ignore Whitman's claim that
22# 1944/1945 was just like 1943/1944.
23
24# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
25# Northern Territory
26Zone Australia/Darwin 8:43:20 - LMT 1895 Feb
27 9:00 - CST 1899 May
28 9:30 Aus CST
29# Western Australia
30Zone Australia/Perth 7:43:24 - LMT 1895 Dec
31 8:00 Aus WST 1943 Jul
32 8:00 - WST 1974 Oct lastSun 2:00s
33 8:00 1:00 WST 1975 Mar Sun>=1 2:00s
34 8:00 - WST 1983 Oct lastSun 2:00s
35 8:00 1:00 WST 1984 Mar Sun>=1 2:00s
36 8:00 - WST 1991 Nov 17 2:00s
37 8:00 1:00 WST 1992 Mar Sun>=1 2:00s
38 8:00 - WST
39# Queensland
40#
|
41# From Alex Livingston <alex@agsm.unsw.edu.au> (1996-11-01):
| 41# From Alex Livingston (1996-11-01):
|
42# I have heard or read more than once that some resort islands off the coast
43# of Queensland chose to keep observing daylight-saving time even after
44# Queensland ceased to.
45#
46# From Paul Eggert (1996-11-22):
47# IATA SSIM (1993-02/1994-09) say that the Holiday Islands (Hayman, Lindeman,
48# Hamilton) observed DST for two years after the rest of Queensland stopped.
49# Hamilton is the largest, but there is also a Hamilton in Victoria,
50# so use Lindeman.
51#
52# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
53Rule AQ 1971 only - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 -
54Rule AQ 1972 only - Feb lastSun 2:00s 0 -
55Rule AQ 1989 1991 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 -
56Rule AQ 1990 1992 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
57Rule Holiday 1992 1993 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 -
58Rule Holiday 1993 1994 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
59Zone Australia/Brisbane 10:12:08 - LMT 1895
60 10:00 Aus EST 1971
61 10:00 AQ EST
62Zone Australia/Lindeman 9:55:56 - LMT 1895
63 10:00 Aus EST 1971
64 10:00 AQ EST 1992 Jul
65 10:00 Holiday EST
66
67# South Australia
68# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
69Rule AS 1971 1985 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 -
70Rule AS 1986 only - Oct 19 2:00s 1:00 -
71Rule AS 1987 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 -
72Rule AS 1972 only - Feb 27 2:00s 0 -
73Rule AS 1973 1985 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
74Rule AS 1986 1989 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 0 -
75Rule AS 1990 only - Mar Sun>=18 2:00s 0 -
76Rule AS 1991 only - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
77Rule AS 1992 only - Mar Sun>=18 2:00s 0 -
78Rule AS 1993 only - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
79Rule AS 1994 only - Mar Sun>=18 2:00s 0 -
| 42# I have heard or read more than once that some resort islands off the coast
43# of Queensland chose to keep observing daylight-saving time even after
44# Queensland ceased to.
45#
46# From Paul Eggert (1996-11-22):
47# IATA SSIM (1993-02/1994-09) say that the Holiday Islands (Hayman, Lindeman,
48# Hamilton) observed DST for two years after the rest of Queensland stopped.
49# Hamilton is the largest, but there is also a Hamilton in Victoria,
50# so use Lindeman.
51#
52# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
53Rule AQ 1971 only - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 -
54Rule AQ 1972 only - Feb lastSun 2:00s 0 -
55Rule AQ 1989 1991 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 -
56Rule AQ 1990 1992 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
57Rule Holiday 1992 1993 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 -
58Rule Holiday 1993 1994 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
59Zone Australia/Brisbane 10:12:08 - LMT 1895
60 10:00 Aus EST 1971
61 10:00 AQ EST
62Zone Australia/Lindeman 9:55:56 - LMT 1895
63 10:00 Aus EST 1971
64 10:00 AQ EST 1992 Jul
65 10:00 Holiday EST
66
67# South Australia
68# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
69Rule AS 1971 1985 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 -
70Rule AS 1986 only - Oct 19 2:00s 1:00 -
71Rule AS 1987 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 -
72Rule AS 1972 only - Feb 27 2:00s 0 -
73Rule AS 1973 1985 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
74Rule AS 1986 1989 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 0 -
75Rule AS 1990 only - Mar Sun>=18 2:00s 0 -
76Rule AS 1991 only - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
77Rule AS 1992 only - Mar Sun>=18 2:00s 0 -
78Rule AS 1993 only - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
79Rule AS 1994 only - Mar Sun>=18 2:00s 0 -
|
80Rule AS 1995 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 -
| 80Rule AS 1995 2005 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 -
81Rule AS 2006 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
82Rule AS 2007 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 -
|
81# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
82Zone Australia/Adelaide 9:14:20 - LMT 1895 Feb
83 9:00 - CST 1899 May
84 9:30 Aus CST 1971
85 9:30 AS CST
86
87# Tasmania
| 83# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
84Zone Australia/Adelaide 9:14:20 - LMT 1895 Feb
85 9:00 - CST 1899 May
86 9:30 Aus CST 1971
87 9:30 AS CST
88
89# Tasmania
|
| 90#
91# From Paul Eggert (2005-08-16):
92# <http://www.bom.gov.au/climate/averages/tables/dst_times.shtml>
93# says King Island didn't observe DST from WWII until late 1971.
94#
|
88# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
89Rule AT 1967 only - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 -
90Rule AT 1968 only - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 -
91Rule AT 1968 1985 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 -
92Rule AT 1969 1971 - Mar Sun>=8 2:00s 0 -
93Rule AT 1972 only - Feb lastSun 2:00s 0 -
94Rule AT 1973 1981 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
95Rule AT 1982 1983 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 -
96Rule AT 1984 1986 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
97Rule AT 1986 only - Oct Sun>=15 2:00s 1:00 -
98Rule AT 1987 1990 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 0 -
99Rule AT 1987 only - Oct Sun>=22 2:00s 1:00 -
100Rule AT 1988 1990 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 -
101Rule AT 1991 1999 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 -
| 95# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
96Rule AT 1967 only - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 -
97Rule AT 1968 only - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 -
98Rule AT 1968 1985 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 -
99Rule AT 1969 1971 - Mar Sun>=8 2:00s 0 -
100Rule AT 1972 only - Feb lastSun 2:00s 0 -
101Rule AT 1973 1981 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
102Rule AT 1982 1983 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 -
103Rule AT 1984 1986 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
104Rule AT 1986 only - Oct Sun>=15 2:00s 1:00 -
105Rule AT 1987 1990 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 0 -
106Rule AT 1987 only - Oct Sun>=22 2:00s 1:00 -
107Rule AT 1988 1990 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 -
108Rule AT 1991 1999 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 -
|
102Rule AT 1991 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 -
| 109Rule AT 1991 2005 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 -
|
103Rule AT 2000 only - Aug lastSun 2:00s 1:00 -
104Rule AT 2001 max - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 -
| 110Rule AT 2000 only - Aug lastSun 2:00s 1:00 -
111Rule AT 2001 max - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 -
|
| 112Rule AT 2006 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
113Rule AT 2007 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 -
|
105# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
106Zone Australia/Hobart 9:49:16 - LMT 1895 Sep
107 10:00 - EST 1916 Oct 1 2:00
108 10:00 1:00 EST 1917 Feb
109 10:00 Aus EST 1967
110 10:00 AT EST
| 114# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
115Zone Australia/Hobart 9:49:16 - LMT 1895 Sep
116 10:00 - EST 1916 Oct 1 2:00
117 10:00 1:00 EST 1917 Feb
118 10:00 Aus EST 1967
119 10:00 AT EST
|
| 120Zone Australia/Currie 9:35:28 - LMT 1895 Sep
121 10:00 - EST 1916 Oct 1 2:00
122 10:00 1:00 EST 1917 Feb
123 10:00 Aus EST 1971 Jul
124 10:00 AT EST
|
111
112# Victoria
113# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
114Rule AV 1971 1985 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 -
115Rule AV 1972 only - Feb lastSun 2:00s 0 -
116Rule AV 1973 1985 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
117Rule AV 1986 1990 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 0 -
118Rule AV 1986 1987 - Oct Sun>=15 2:00s 1:00 -
119Rule AV 1988 1999 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 -
120Rule AV 1991 1994 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
| 125
126# Victoria
127# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
128Rule AV 1971 1985 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 -
129Rule AV 1972 only - Feb lastSun 2:00s 0 -
130Rule AV 1973 1985 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
131Rule AV 1986 1990 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 0 -
132Rule AV 1986 1987 - Oct Sun>=15 2:00s 1:00 -
133Rule AV 1988 1999 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 -
134Rule AV 1991 1994 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
|
121Rule AV 1995 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 -
| 135Rule AV 1995 2005 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 -
|
122Rule AV 2000 only - Aug lastSun 2:00s 1:00 -
123Rule AV 2001 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 -
| 136Rule AV 2000 only - Aug lastSun 2:00s 1:00 -
137Rule AV 2001 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 -
|
| 138Rule AV 2006 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
139Rule AV 2007 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 -
|
124# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
125Zone Australia/Melbourne 9:39:52 - LMT 1895 Feb
126 10:00 Aus EST 1971
127 10:00 AV EST
128
129# New South Wales
130# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
131Rule AN 1971 1985 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 -
132Rule AN 1972 only - Feb 27 2:00s 0 -
133Rule AN 1973 1981 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
134Rule AN 1982 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
135Rule AN 1983 1985 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
136Rule AN 1986 1989 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 0 -
137Rule AN 1986 only - Oct 19 2:00s 1:00 -
138Rule AN 1987 1999 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 -
139Rule AN 1990 1995 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
| 140# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
141Zone Australia/Melbourne 9:39:52 - LMT 1895 Feb
142 10:00 Aus EST 1971
143 10:00 AV EST
144
145# New South Wales
146# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
147Rule AN 1971 1985 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 -
148Rule AN 1972 only - Feb 27 2:00s 0 -
149Rule AN 1973 1981 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
150Rule AN 1982 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
151Rule AN 1983 1985 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
152Rule AN 1986 1989 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 0 -
153Rule AN 1986 only - Oct 19 2:00s 1:00 -
154Rule AN 1987 1999 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 -
155Rule AN 1990 1995 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
|
140Rule AN 1996 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 -
| 156Rule AN 1996 2005 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 -
|
141Rule AN 2000 only - Aug lastSun 2:00s 1:00 -
142Rule AN 2001 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 -
| 157Rule AN 2000 only - Aug lastSun 2:00s 1:00 -
158Rule AN 2001 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 -
|
| 159Rule AN 2006 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
160Rule AN 2007 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 -
|
143# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
144Zone Australia/Sydney 10:04:52 - LMT 1895 Feb
145 10:00 Aus EST 1971
146 10:00 AN EST
147Zone Australia/Broken_Hill 9:25:48 - LMT 1895 Feb
148 10:00 - EST 1896 Aug 23
149 9:00 - CST 1899 May
150 9:30 Aus CST 1971
151 9:30 AN CST 2000
152 9:30 AS CST
153
154# Lord Howe Island
155# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
156Rule LH 1981 1984 - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 -
157Rule LH 1982 1985 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00 0 -
158Rule LH 1985 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0:30 -
159Rule LH 1986 1989 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00 0 -
160Rule LH 1986 only - Oct 19 2:00 0:30 -
161Rule LH 1987 1999 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0:30 -
162Rule LH 1990 1995 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00 0 -
| 161# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
162Zone Australia/Sydney 10:04:52 - LMT 1895 Feb
163 10:00 Aus EST 1971
164 10:00 AN EST
165Zone Australia/Broken_Hill 9:25:48 - LMT 1895 Feb
166 10:00 - EST 1896 Aug 23
167 9:00 - CST 1899 May
168 9:30 Aus CST 1971
169 9:30 AN CST 2000
170 9:30 AS CST
171
172# Lord Howe Island
173# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
174Rule LH 1981 1984 - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 -
175Rule LH 1982 1985 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00 0 -
176Rule LH 1985 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0:30 -
177Rule LH 1986 1989 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00 0 -
178Rule LH 1986 only - Oct 19 2:00 0:30 -
179Rule LH 1987 1999 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0:30 -
180Rule LH 1990 1995 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00 0 -
|
163Rule LH 1996 max - Mar lastSun 2:00 0 -
| 181Rule LH 1996 2005 - Mar lastSun 2:00 0 -
|
164Rule LH 2000 only - Aug lastSun 2:00 0:30 -
165Rule LH 2001 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0:30 -
| 182Rule LH 2000 only - Aug lastSun 2:00 0:30 -
183Rule LH 2001 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0:30 -
|
| 184Rule LH 2006 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 0 -
185Rule LH 2007 max - Mar lastSun 2:00 0 -
|
166Zone Australia/Lord_Howe 10:36:20 - LMT 1895 Feb
167 10:00 - EST 1981 Mar
168 10:30 LH LHST
169
170# Australian miscellany
171#
172# Ashmore Is, Cartier
173# no indigenous inhabitants; only seasonal caretakers
174# like Australia/Perth, says Turner
175#
176# Coral Sea Is
177# no indigenous inhabitants; only meteorologists
178# no information
179#
180# Macquarie
181# permanent occupation (scientific station) since 1948;
182# sealing and penguin oil station operated 1888/1917
183# like Australia/Hobart, says Turner
184
185# Christmas
186# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
187Zone Indian/Christmas 7:02:52 - LMT 1895 Feb
188 7:00 - CXT # Christmas Island Time
189
190# Cook Is
191# From Shanks:
192# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
193Rule Cook 1978 only - Nov 12 0:00 0:30 HS
194Rule Cook 1979 1991 - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
195Rule Cook 1979 1990 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0:30 HS
196# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
197Zone Pacific/Rarotonga -10:39:04 - LMT 1901 # Avarua
198 -10:30 - CKT 1978 Nov 12 # Cook Is Time
199 -10:00 Cook CK%sT
200
201# Cocos
| 186Zone Australia/Lord_Howe 10:36:20 - LMT 1895 Feb
187 10:00 - EST 1981 Mar
188 10:30 LH LHST
189
190# Australian miscellany
191#
192# Ashmore Is, Cartier
193# no indigenous inhabitants; only seasonal caretakers
194# like Australia/Perth, says Turner
195#
196# Coral Sea Is
197# no indigenous inhabitants; only meteorologists
198# no information
199#
200# Macquarie
201# permanent occupation (scientific station) since 1948;
202# sealing and penguin oil station operated 1888/1917
203# like Australia/Hobart, says Turner
204
205# Christmas
206# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
207Zone Indian/Christmas 7:02:52 - LMT 1895 Feb
208 7:00 - CXT # Christmas Island Time
209
210# Cook Is
211# From Shanks:
212# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
213Rule Cook 1978 only - Nov 12 0:00 0:30 HS
214Rule Cook 1979 1991 - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
215Rule Cook 1979 1990 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0:30 HS
216# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
217Zone Pacific/Rarotonga -10:39:04 - LMT 1901 # Avarua
218 -10:30 - CKT 1978 Nov 12 # Cook Is Time
219 -10:00 Cook CK%sT
220
221# Cocos
|
202# From USNO (1989):
| 222# These islands were ruled by the Ross family from about 1830 to 1978.
223# We don't know when standard time was introduced; for now, we guess 1900.
|
203# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
| 224# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
|
204Zone Indian/Cocos 6:30 - CCT # Cocos Islands Time
| 225Zone Indian/Cocos 6:27:40 - LMT 1900
226 6:30 - CCT # Cocos Islands Time
|
205
206# Fiji
207# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
208Rule Fiji 1998 1999 - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S
209Rule Fiji 1999 2000 - Feb lastSun 3:00 0 -
210# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
211Zone Pacific/Fiji 11:53:40 - LMT 1915 Oct 26 # Suva
212 12:00 Fiji FJ%sT # Fiji Time
213
214# French Polynesia
215# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
216Zone Pacific/Gambier -8:59:48 - LMT 1912 Oct # Rikitea
217 -9:00 - GAMT # Gambier Time
218Zone Pacific/Marquesas -9:18:00 - LMT 1912 Oct
219 -9:30 - MART # Marquesas Time
220Zone Pacific/Tahiti -9:58:16 - LMT 1912 Oct # Papeete
221 -10:00 - TAHT # Tahiti Time
222# Clipperton (near North America) is administered from French Polynesia;
223# it is uninhabited.
224
225# Guam
226# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
227Zone Pacific/Guam -14:21:00 - LMT 1844 Dec 31
228 9:39:00 - LMT 1901 # Agana
229 10:00 - GST 2000 Dec 23 # Guam
230 10:00 - ChST # Chamorro Standard Time
231
232# Kiribati
233# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
234Zone Pacific/Tarawa 11:32:04 - LMT 1901 # Bairiki
235 12:00 - GILT # Gilbert Is Time
236Zone Pacific/Enderbury -11:24:20 - LMT 1901
237 -12:00 - PHOT 1979 Oct # Phoenix Is Time
238 -11:00 - PHOT 1995
239 13:00 - PHOT
240Zone Pacific/Kiritimati -10:29:20 - LMT 1901
241 -10:40 - LINT 1979 Oct # Line Is Time
242 -10:00 - LINT 1995
243 14:00 - LINT
244
245# N Mariana Is
246# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
247Zone Pacific/Saipan -14:17:00 - LMT 1844 Dec 31
248 9:43:00 - LMT 1901
249 9:00 - MPT 1969 Oct # N Mariana Is Time
250 10:00 - MPT 2000 Dec 23
251 10:00 - ChST # Chamorro Standard Time
252
253# Marshall Is
254# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
255Zone Pacific/Majuro 11:24:48 - LMT 1901
256 11:00 - MHT 1969 Oct # Marshall Islands Time
257 12:00 - MHT
258Zone Pacific/Kwajalein 11:09:20 - LMT 1901
259 11:00 - MHT 1969 Oct
260 -12:00 - KWAT 1993 Aug 20 # Kwajalein Time
261 12:00 - MHT
262
263# Micronesia
264# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
| 227
228# Fiji
229# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
230Rule Fiji 1998 1999 - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S
231Rule Fiji 1999 2000 - Feb lastSun 3:00 0 -
232# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
233Zone Pacific/Fiji 11:53:40 - LMT 1915 Oct 26 # Suva
234 12:00 Fiji FJ%sT # Fiji Time
235
236# French Polynesia
237# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
238Zone Pacific/Gambier -8:59:48 - LMT 1912 Oct # Rikitea
239 -9:00 - GAMT # Gambier Time
240Zone Pacific/Marquesas -9:18:00 - LMT 1912 Oct
241 -9:30 - MART # Marquesas Time
242Zone Pacific/Tahiti -9:58:16 - LMT 1912 Oct # Papeete
243 -10:00 - TAHT # Tahiti Time
244# Clipperton (near North America) is administered from French Polynesia;
245# it is uninhabited.
246
247# Guam
248# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
249Zone Pacific/Guam -14:21:00 - LMT 1844 Dec 31
250 9:39:00 - LMT 1901 # Agana
251 10:00 - GST 2000 Dec 23 # Guam
252 10:00 - ChST # Chamorro Standard Time
253
254# Kiribati
255# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
256Zone Pacific/Tarawa 11:32:04 - LMT 1901 # Bairiki
257 12:00 - GILT # Gilbert Is Time
258Zone Pacific/Enderbury -11:24:20 - LMT 1901
259 -12:00 - PHOT 1979 Oct # Phoenix Is Time
260 -11:00 - PHOT 1995
261 13:00 - PHOT
262Zone Pacific/Kiritimati -10:29:20 - LMT 1901
263 -10:40 - LINT 1979 Oct # Line Is Time
264 -10:00 - LINT 1995
265 14:00 - LINT
266
267# N Mariana Is
268# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
269Zone Pacific/Saipan -14:17:00 - LMT 1844 Dec 31
270 9:43:00 - LMT 1901
271 9:00 - MPT 1969 Oct # N Mariana Is Time
272 10:00 - MPT 2000 Dec 23
273 10:00 - ChST # Chamorro Standard Time
274
275# Marshall Is
276# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
277Zone Pacific/Majuro 11:24:48 - LMT 1901
278 11:00 - MHT 1969 Oct # Marshall Islands Time
279 12:00 - MHT
280Zone Pacific/Kwajalein 11:09:20 - LMT 1901
281 11:00 - MHT 1969 Oct
282 -12:00 - KWAT 1993 Aug 20 # Kwajalein Time
283 12:00 - MHT
284
285# Micronesia
286# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
|
265Zone Pacific/Yap 9:12:32 - LMT 1901 # Colonia
266 9:00 - YAPT 1969 Oct # Yap Time
267 10:00 - YAPT
| |
268Zone Pacific/Truk 10:07:08 - LMT 1901
269 10:00 - TRUT # Truk Time
270Zone Pacific/Ponape 10:32:52 - LMT 1901 # Kolonia
271 11:00 - PONT # Ponape Time
272Zone Pacific/Kosrae 10:51:56 - LMT 1901
273 11:00 - KOST 1969 Oct # Kosrae Time
274 12:00 - KOST 1999
275 11:00 - KOST
276
277# Nauru
278# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
279Zone Pacific/Nauru 11:07:40 - LMT 1921 Jan 15 # Uaobe
280 11:30 - NRT 1942 Mar 15 # Nauru Time
281 9:00 - JST 1944 Aug 15
282 11:30 - NRT 1979 May
283 12:00 - NRT
284
285# New Caledonia
286# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
287Rule NC 1977 1978 - Dec Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
288Rule NC 1978 1979 - Feb 27 0:00 0 -
289Rule NC 1996 only - Dec 1 2:00s 1:00 S
290# Shanks says the following was at 2:00; go with IATA.
291Rule NC 1997 only - Mar 2 2:00s 0 -
292# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
293Zone Pacific/Noumea 11:05:48 - LMT 1912 Jan 13
294 11:00 NC NC%sT
295
296
297###############################################################################
298
299# New Zealand
300
301# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
302Rule NZ 1927 only - Nov 6 2:00 1:00 S
303Rule NZ 1928 only - Mar 4 2:00 0 M
304Rule NZ 1928 1933 - Oct Sun>=8 2:00 0:30 S
305Rule NZ 1929 1933 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00 0 M
306Rule NZ 1934 1940 - Apr lastSun 2:00 0 M
307Rule NZ 1934 1940 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0:30 S
308Rule NZ 1946 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 S
309# Since 1957 Chatham has been 45 minutes ahead of NZ, but there's no
310# convenient notation for this so we must duplicate the Rule lines.
311Rule NZ 1974 only - Nov Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 D
312Rule Chatham 1974 only - Nov Sun>=1 2:45s 1:00 D
313Rule NZ 1975 only - Feb lastSun 2:00s 0 S
314Rule Chatham 1975 only - Feb lastSun 2:45s 0 S
315Rule NZ 1975 1988 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D
316Rule Chatham 1975 1988 - Oct lastSun 2:45s 1:00 D
317Rule NZ 1976 1989 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S
318Rule Chatham 1976 1989 - Mar Sun>=1 2:45s 0 S
319Rule NZ 1989 only - Oct Sun>=8 2:00s 1:00 D
320Rule Chatham 1989 only - Oct Sun>=8 2:45s 1:00 D
321Rule NZ 1990 max - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 D
322Rule Chatham 1990 max - Oct Sun>=1 2:45s 1:00 D
323Rule NZ 1990 max - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 0 S
324Rule Chatham 1990 max - Mar Sun>=15 2:45s 0 S
325# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
326Zone Pacific/Auckland 11:39:04 - LMT 1868 Nov 2
327 11:30 NZ NZ%sT 1946 Jan 1
328 12:00 NZ NZ%sT
329Zone Pacific/Chatham 12:13:48 - LMT 1957 Jan 1
330 12:45 Chatham CHA%sT
331
332
333# Auckland Is
334# uninhabited; Maori and Moriori, colonial settlers, pastoralists, sealers,
335# and scientific personnel have wintered
336
337# Campbell I
338# minor whaling stations operated 1909/1914
339# scientific station operated 1941/1995;
340# previously whalers, sealers, pastoralists, and scientific personnel wintered
341# was probably like Pacific/Auckland
342
343###############################################################################
344
345
346# Niue
347# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
348Zone Pacific/Niue -11:19:40 - LMT 1901 # Alofi
349 -11:20 - NUT 1951 # Niue Time
350 -11:30 - NUT 1978 Oct 1
351 -11:00 - NUT
352
353# Norfolk
354# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
355Zone Pacific/Norfolk 11:11:52 - LMT 1901 # Kingston
356 11:12 - NMT 1951 # Norfolk Mean Time
357 11:30 - NFT # Norfolk Time
358
359# Palau (Belau)
360# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
361Zone Pacific/Palau 8:57:56 - LMT 1901 # Koror
362 9:00 - PWT # Palau Time
363
364# Papua New Guinea
365# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
366Zone Pacific/Port_Moresby 9:48:40 - LMT 1880
367 9:48:32 - PMMT 1895 # Port Moresby Mean Time
368 10:00 - PGT # Papua New Guinea Time
369
370# Pitcairn
371# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
372Zone Pacific/Pitcairn -8:40:20 - LMT 1901 # Adamstown
373 -8:30 - PNT 1998 Apr 27 00:00
374 -8:00 - PST # Pitcairn Standard Time
375
376# American Samoa
377Zone Pacific/Pago_Pago 12:37:12 - LMT 1879 Jul 5
378 -11:22:48 - LMT 1911
379 -11:30 - SAMT 1950 # Samoa Time
380 -11:00 - NST 1967 Apr # N=Nome
381 -11:00 - BST 1983 Nov 30 # B=Bering
382 -11:00 - SST # S=Samoa
383
| 287Zone Pacific/Truk 10:07:08 - LMT 1901
288 10:00 - TRUT # Truk Time
289Zone Pacific/Ponape 10:32:52 - LMT 1901 # Kolonia
290 11:00 - PONT # Ponape Time
291Zone Pacific/Kosrae 10:51:56 - LMT 1901
292 11:00 - KOST 1969 Oct # Kosrae Time
293 12:00 - KOST 1999
294 11:00 - KOST
295
296# Nauru
297# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
298Zone Pacific/Nauru 11:07:40 - LMT 1921 Jan 15 # Uaobe
299 11:30 - NRT 1942 Mar 15 # Nauru Time
300 9:00 - JST 1944 Aug 15
301 11:30 - NRT 1979 May
302 12:00 - NRT
303
304# New Caledonia
305# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
306Rule NC 1977 1978 - Dec Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
307Rule NC 1978 1979 - Feb 27 0:00 0 -
308Rule NC 1996 only - Dec 1 2:00s 1:00 S
309# Shanks says the following was at 2:00; go with IATA.
310Rule NC 1997 only - Mar 2 2:00s 0 -
311# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
312Zone Pacific/Noumea 11:05:48 - LMT 1912 Jan 13
313 11:00 NC NC%sT
314
315
316###############################################################################
317
318# New Zealand
319
320# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
321Rule NZ 1927 only - Nov 6 2:00 1:00 S
322Rule NZ 1928 only - Mar 4 2:00 0 M
323Rule NZ 1928 1933 - Oct Sun>=8 2:00 0:30 S
324Rule NZ 1929 1933 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00 0 M
325Rule NZ 1934 1940 - Apr lastSun 2:00 0 M
326Rule NZ 1934 1940 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0:30 S
327Rule NZ 1946 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 S
328# Since 1957 Chatham has been 45 minutes ahead of NZ, but there's no
329# convenient notation for this so we must duplicate the Rule lines.
330Rule NZ 1974 only - Nov Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 D
331Rule Chatham 1974 only - Nov Sun>=1 2:45s 1:00 D
332Rule NZ 1975 only - Feb lastSun 2:00s 0 S
333Rule Chatham 1975 only - Feb lastSun 2:45s 0 S
334Rule NZ 1975 1988 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D
335Rule Chatham 1975 1988 - Oct lastSun 2:45s 1:00 D
336Rule NZ 1976 1989 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S
337Rule Chatham 1976 1989 - Mar Sun>=1 2:45s 0 S
338Rule NZ 1989 only - Oct Sun>=8 2:00s 1:00 D
339Rule Chatham 1989 only - Oct Sun>=8 2:45s 1:00 D
340Rule NZ 1990 max - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 D
341Rule Chatham 1990 max - Oct Sun>=1 2:45s 1:00 D
342Rule NZ 1990 max - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 0 S
343Rule Chatham 1990 max - Mar Sun>=15 2:45s 0 S
344# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
345Zone Pacific/Auckland 11:39:04 - LMT 1868 Nov 2
346 11:30 NZ NZ%sT 1946 Jan 1
347 12:00 NZ NZ%sT
348Zone Pacific/Chatham 12:13:48 - LMT 1957 Jan 1
349 12:45 Chatham CHA%sT
350
351
352# Auckland Is
353# uninhabited; Maori and Moriori, colonial settlers, pastoralists, sealers,
354# and scientific personnel have wintered
355
356# Campbell I
357# minor whaling stations operated 1909/1914
358# scientific station operated 1941/1995;
359# previously whalers, sealers, pastoralists, and scientific personnel wintered
360# was probably like Pacific/Auckland
361
362###############################################################################
363
364
365# Niue
366# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
367Zone Pacific/Niue -11:19:40 - LMT 1901 # Alofi
368 -11:20 - NUT 1951 # Niue Time
369 -11:30 - NUT 1978 Oct 1
370 -11:00 - NUT
371
372# Norfolk
373# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
374Zone Pacific/Norfolk 11:11:52 - LMT 1901 # Kingston
375 11:12 - NMT 1951 # Norfolk Mean Time
376 11:30 - NFT # Norfolk Time
377
378# Palau (Belau)
379# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
380Zone Pacific/Palau 8:57:56 - LMT 1901 # Koror
381 9:00 - PWT # Palau Time
382
383# Papua New Guinea
384# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
385Zone Pacific/Port_Moresby 9:48:40 - LMT 1880
386 9:48:32 - PMMT 1895 # Port Moresby Mean Time
387 10:00 - PGT # Papua New Guinea Time
388
389# Pitcairn
390# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
391Zone Pacific/Pitcairn -8:40:20 - LMT 1901 # Adamstown
392 -8:30 - PNT 1998 Apr 27 00:00
393 -8:00 - PST # Pitcairn Standard Time
394
395# American Samoa
396Zone Pacific/Pago_Pago 12:37:12 - LMT 1879 Jul 5
397 -11:22:48 - LMT 1911
398 -11:30 - SAMT 1950 # Samoa Time
399 -11:00 - NST 1967 Apr # N=Nome
400 -11:00 - BST 1983 Nov 30 # B=Bering
401 -11:00 - SST # S=Samoa
402
|
384# W Samoa
| 403# Samoa
|
385Zone Pacific/Apia 12:33:04 - LMT 1879 Jul 5
386 -11:26:56 - LMT 1911
387 -11:30 - SAMT 1950 # Samoa Time
| 404Zone Pacific/Apia 12:33:04 - LMT 1879 Jul 5
405 -11:26:56 - LMT 1911
406 -11:30 - SAMT 1950 # Samoa Time
|
388 -11:00 - WST # W Samoa Time
| 407 -11:00 - WST # Samoa Time
|
389
390# Solomon Is
391# excludes Bougainville, for which see Papua New Guinea
392# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
393Zone Pacific/Guadalcanal 10:39:48 - LMT 1912 Oct # Honiara
394 11:00 - SBT # Solomon Is Time
395
396# Tokelau Is
397# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
398Zone Pacific/Fakaofo -11:24:56 - LMT 1901
399 -10:00 - TKT # Tokelau Time
400
401# Tonga
402# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
403Rule Tonga 1999 only - Oct 7 2:00s 1:00 S
404Rule Tonga 2000 only - Mar 19 2:00s 0 -
405Rule Tonga 2000 2001 - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S
406Rule Tonga 2001 2002 - Jan lastSun 2:00 0 -
407# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
408Zone Pacific/Tongatapu 12:19:20 - LMT 1901
409 12:20 - TOT 1941 # Tonga Time
410 13:00 - TOT 1999
411 13:00 Tonga TO%sT
412
413# Tuvalu
414# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
415Zone Pacific/Funafuti 11:56:52 - LMT 1901
416 12:00 - TVT # Tuvalu Time
417
418
419# US minor outlying islands
420
421# Howland, Baker
422# uninhabited since World War II
423# no information; was probably like Pacific/Pago_Pago
424
425# Jarvis
426# uninhabited since 1958
427# no information; was probably like Pacific/Kiritimati
428
429# Johnston
430# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
431Zone Pacific/Johnston -10:00 - HST
432
433# Kingman
434# uninhabited
435
436# Midway
| 408
409# Solomon Is
410# excludes Bougainville, for which see Papua New Guinea
411# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
412Zone Pacific/Guadalcanal 10:39:48 - LMT 1912 Oct # Honiara
413 11:00 - SBT # Solomon Is Time
414
415# Tokelau Is
416# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
417Zone Pacific/Fakaofo -11:24:56 - LMT 1901
418 -10:00 - TKT # Tokelau Time
419
420# Tonga
421# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
422Rule Tonga 1999 only - Oct 7 2:00s 1:00 S
423Rule Tonga 2000 only - Mar 19 2:00s 0 -
424Rule Tonga 2000 2001 - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S
425Rule Tonga 2001 2002 - Jan lastSun 2:00 0 -
426# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
427Zone Pacific/Tongatapu 12:19:20 - LMT 1901
428 12:20 - TOT 1941 # Tonga Time
429 13:00 - TOT 1999
430 13:00 Tonga TO%sT
431
432# Tuvalu
433# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
434Zone Pacific/Funafuti 11:56:52 - LMT 1901
435 12:00 - TVT # Tuvalu Time
436
437
438# US minor outlying islands
439
440# Howland, Baker
441# uninhabited since World War II
442# no information; was probably like Pacific/Pago_Pago
443
444# Jarvis
445# uninhabited since 1958
446# no information; was probably like Pacific/Kiritimati
447
448# Johnston
449# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
450Zone Pacific/Johnston -10:00 - HST
451
452# Kingman
453# uninhabited
454
455# Midway
|
| 456#
457# From Mark Brader (2005-01-23):
458# [Fallacies and Fantasies of Air Transport History, by R.E.G. Davies,
459# published 1994 by Paladwr Press, McLean, VA, USA; ISBN 0-9626483-5-3]
460# reproduced a Pan American Airways timeables from 1936, for their weekly
461# "Orient Express" flights between San Francisco and Manila, and connecting
462# flights to Chicago and the US East Coast. As it uses some time zone
463# designations that I've never seen before:....
464# Fri. 6:30A Lv. HONOLOLU (Pearl Harbor), H.I. H.L.T. Ar. 5:30P Sun.
465# " 3:00P Ar. MIDWAY ISLAND . . . . . . . . . M.L.T. Lv. 6:00A "
466#
|
437Zone Pacific/Midway -11:49:28 - LMT 1901
438 -11:00 - NST 1956 Jun 3
439 -11:00 1:00 NDT 1956 Sep 2
440 -11:00 - NST 1967 Apr # N=Nome
441 -11:00 - BST 1983 Nov 30 # B=Bering
442 -11:00 - SST # S=Samoa
443
444# Palmyra
445# uninhabited since World War II; was probably like Pacific/Kiritimati
446
447# Wake
448# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
449Zone Pacific/Wake 11:06:28 - LMT 1901
450 12:00 - WAKT # Wake Time
451
452
453# Vanuatu
454# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
455Rule Vanuatu 1983 only - Sep 25 0:00 1:00 S
456Rule Vanuatu 1984 1991 - Mar Sun>=23 0:00 0 -
457Rule Vanuatu 1984 only - Oct 23 0:00 1:00 S
458Rule Vanuatu 1985 1991 - Sep Sun>=23 0:00 1:00 S
459Rule Vanuatu 1992 1993 - Jan Sun>=23 0:00 0 -
460Rule Vanuatu 1992 only - Oct Sun>=23 0:00 1:00 S
461# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
462Zone Pacific/Efate 11:13:16 - LMT 1912 Jan 13 # Vila
463 11:00 Vanuatu VU%sT # Vanuatu Time
464
465# Wallis and Futuna
466# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
467Zone Pacific/Wallis 12:15:20 - LMT 1901
468 12:00 - WFT # Wallis & Futuna Time
469
470###############################################################################
471
472# NOTES
473
474# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
475# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
476# tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future).
477
| 467Zone Pacific/Midway -11:49:28 - LMT 1901
468 -11:00 - NST 1956 Jun 3
469 -11:00 1:00 NDT 1956 Sep 2
470 -11:00 - NST 1967 Apr # N=Nome
471 -11:00 - BST 1983 Nov 30 # B=Bering
472 -11:00 - SST # S=Samoa
473
474# Palmyra
475# uninhabited since World War II; was probably like Pacific/Kiritimati
476
477# Wake
478# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
479Zone Pacific/Wake 11:06:28 - LMT 1901
480 12:00 - WAKT # Wake Time
481
482
483# Vanuatu
484# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
485Rule Vanuatu 1983 only - Sep 25 0:00 1:00 S
486Rule Vanuatu 1984 1991 - Mar Sun>=23 0:00 0 -
487Rule Vanuatu 1984 only - Oct 23 0:00 1:00 S
488Rule Vanuatu 1985 1991 - Sep Sun>=23 0:00 1:00 S
489Rule Vanuatu 1992 1993 - Jan Sun>=23 0:00 0 -
490Rule Vanuatu 1992 only - Oct Sun>=23 0:00 1:00 S
491# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
492Zone Pacific/Efate 11:13:16 - LMT 1912 Jan 13 # Vila
493 11:00 Vanuatu VU%sT # Vanuatu Time
494
495# Wallis and Futuna
496# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
497Zone Pacific/Wallis 12:15:20 - LMT 1901
498 12:00 - WFT # Wallis & Futuna Time
499
500###############################################################################
501
502# NOTES
503
504# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
505# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
506# tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future).
507
|
478# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1999-10-29):
| 508# From Paul Eggert (1999-10-29):
|
479# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is
480# Thomas G. Shanks, The International Atlas (5th edition),
481# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1999).
482#
483# Gwillim Law writes that a good source
484# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
485# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
486# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries
487# of the IATA's data after 1990.
488#
489# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks is the source for entries through 1990,
490# and IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990.
491#
492# Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences,
493# Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which
494# I found in the UCLA library.
495#
496# A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is
497# Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997).
498#
499# I invented the abbreviations marked `*' in the following table;
500# the rest are from earlier versions of this file, or from other sources.
501# Corrections are welcome!
502# std dst
503# LMT Local Mean Time
504# 8:00 WST WST Western Australia
505# 9:00 JST Japan
506# 9:30 CST CST Central Australia
507# 10:00 EST EST Eastern Australia
508# 10:00 ChST Chamorro
509# 10:30 LHST LHST Lord Howe*
510# 11:30 NZMT NZST New Zealand through 1945
511# 12:00 NZST NZDT New Zealand 1946-present
512# 12:45 CHAST CHADT Chatham*
513# -11:00 SST Samoa
514# -10:00 HST Hawaii
515# - 8:00 PST Pitcairn*
516#
517# See the `northamerica' file for Hawaii.
518# See the `southamerica' file for Easter I and the Galapagos Is.
519
520###############################################################################
521
522# Australia
523
524# <a href="http://www.dstc.qut.edu.au/DST/marg/daylight.html">
525# Australia's Daylight Saving Times
526# </a>, by Margaret Turner, summarizes daylight saving issues in Australia.
527
528# From John Mackin (1991-03-06):
529# We in Australia have _never_ referred to DST as `daylight' time.
530# It is called `summer' time. Now by a happy coincidence, `summer'
531# and `standard' happen to start with the same letter; hence, the
532# abbreviation does _not_ change...
533# The legislation does not actually define abbreviations, at least
534# in this State, but the abbreviation is just commonly taken to be the
535# initials of the phrase, and the legislation here uniformly uses
536# the phrase `summer time' and does not use the phrase `daylight
537# time'.
538# Announcers on the Commonwealth radio network, the ABC (for Australian
539# Broadcasting Commission), use the phrases `Eastern Standard Time'
540# or `Eastern Summer Time'. (Note, though, that as I say in the
541# current australasia file, there is really no such thing.) Announcers
542# on its overseas service, Radio Australia, use the same phrases
543# prefixed by the word `Australian' when referring to local times;
544# time announcements on that service, naturally enough, are made in UTC.
545
546# From Arthur David Olson (1992-03-08):
547# Given the above, what's chosen for year-round use is:
548# CST for any place operating at a GMTOFF of 9:30
549# WST for any place operating at a GMTOFF of 8:00
550# EST for any place operating at a GMTOFF of 10:00
551
552# From Paul Eggert (2001-04-05), summarizing a long discussion about "EST"
553# versus "AEST" etc.:
554#
555# I see the following points of dispute:
556#
557# * How important are unique time zone abbreviations?
558#
559# Here I tend to agree with the point (most recently made by Chris
560# Newman) that unique abbreviations should not be essential for proper
561# operation of software. We have other instances of ambiguity
562# (e.g. "IST" denoting both "Israel Standard Time" and "Indian
563# Standard Time"), and they are not likely to go away any time soon.
564# In the old days, some software mistakenly relied on unique
565# abbreviations, but this is becoming less true with time, and I don't
566# think it's that important to cater to such software these days.
567#
568# On the other hand, there is another motivation for unambiguous
569# abbreviations: it cuts down on human confusion. This is
570# particularly true for Australia, where "EST" can mean one thing for
571# time T and a different thing for time T plus 1 second.
572#
573# * Does the relevant legislation indicate which abbreviations should be used?
574#
575# Here I tend to think that things are a mess, just as they are in
576# many other countries. We Americans are currently disagreeing about
577# which abbreviation to use for the newly legislated Chamorro Standard
578# Time, for example.
579#
580# Personally, I would prefer to use common practice; I would like to
581# refer to legislation only for examples of common practice, or as a
582# tiebreaker.
583#
584# * Do Australians more often use "Eastern Daylight Time" or "Eastern
585# Summer Time"? Do they typically prefix the time zone names with
586# the word "Australian"?
587#
588# My own impression is that both "Daylight Time" and "Summer Time" are
589# common and are widely understood, but that "Summer Time" is more
590# popular; and that the leading "A" is also common but is omitted more
591# often than not. I just used AltaVista advanced search and got the
592# following count of page hits:
593#
594# 1,103 "Eastern Summer Time" AND domain:au
595# 971 "Australian Eastern Summer Time" AND domain:au
596# 613 "Eastern Daylight Time" AND domain:au
597# 127 "Australian Eastern Daylight Time" AND domain:au
598#
599# Here "Summer" seems quite a bit more popular than "Daylight",
600# particularly when we know the time zone is Australian and not US,
601# say. The "Australian" prefix seems to be popular for Eastern Summer
602# Time, but unpopular for Eastern Daylight Time.
603#
604# For abbreviations, tools like AltaVista are less useful because of
605# ambiguity. Many hits are not really time zones, unfortunately, and
606# many hits denote US time zones and not Australian ones. But here
607# are the hit counts anyway:
608#
609# 161,304 "EST" and domain:au
610# 25,156 "EDT" and domain:au
611# 18,263 "AEST" and domain:au
612# 10,416 "AEDT" and domain:au
613#
614# 14,538 "CST" and domain:au
615# 5,728 "CDT" and domain:au
616# 176 "ACST" and domain:au
617# 29 "ACDT" and domain:au
618#
619# 7,539 "WST" and domain:au
620# 68 "AWST" and domain:au
621#
622# This data suggest that Australians tend to omit the "A" prefix in
623# practice. The situation for "ST" versus "DT" is less clear, given
624# the ambiguities involved.
625#
626# * How do Australians feel about the abbreviations in the tz database?
627#
628# If you just count Australians on this list, I count 2 in favor and 3
629# against. One of the "against" votes (David Keegel) counseled delay,
630# saying that both AEST/AEDT and EST/EST are widely used and
631# understood in Australia.
632
633# From Paul Eggert (1995-12-19):
634# Shanks reports 2:00 for all autumn changes in Australia and New Zealand.
| 509# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is
510# Thomas G. Shanks, The International Atlas (5th edition),
511# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1999).
512#
513# Gwillim Law writes that a good source
514# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
515# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
516# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries
517# of the IATA's data after 1990.
518#
519# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks is the source for entries through 1990,
520# and IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990.
521#
522# Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences,
523# Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which
524# I found in the UCLA library.
525#
526# A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is
527# Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997).
528#
529# I invented the abbreviations marked `*' in the following table;
530# the rest are from earlier versions of this file, or from other sources.
531# Corrections are welcome!
532# std dst
533# LMT Local Mean Time
534# 8:00 WST WST Western Australia
535# 9:00 JST Japan
536# 9:30 CST CST Central Australia
537# 10:00 EST EST Eastern Australia
538# 10:00 ChST Chamorro
539# 10:30 LHST LHST Lord Howe*
540# 11:30 NZMT NZST New Zealand through 1945
541# 12:00 NZST NZDT New Zealand 1946-present
542# 12:45 CHAST CHADT Chatham*
543# -11:00 SST Samoa
544# -10:00 HST Hawaii
545# - 8:00 PST Pitcairn*
546#
547# See the `northamerica' file for Hawaii.
548# See the `southamerica' file for Easter I and the Galapagos Is.
549
550###############################################################################
551
552# Australia
553
554# <a href="http://www.dstc.qut.edu.au/DST/marg/daylight.html">
555# Australia's Daylight Saving Times
556# </a>, by Margaret Turner, summarizes daylight saving issues in Australia.
557
558# From John Mackin (1991-03-06):
559# We in Australia have _never_ referred to DST as `daylight' time.
560# It is called `summer' time. Now by a happy coincidence, `summer'
561# and `standard' happen to start with the same letter; hence, the
562# abbreviation does _not_ change...
563# The legislation does not actually define abbreviations, at least
564# in this State, but the abbreviation is just commonly taken to be the
565# initials of the phrase, and the legislation here uniformly uses
566# the phrase `summer time' and does not use the phrase `daylight
567# time'.
568# Announcers on the Commonwealth radio network, the ABC (for Australian
569# Broadcasting Commission), use the phrases `Eastern Standard Time'
570# or `Eastern Summer Time'. (Note, though, that as I say in the
571# current australasia file, there is really no such thing.) Announcers
572# on its overseas service, Radio Australia, use the same phrases
573# prefixed by the word `Australian' when referring to local times;
574# time announcements on that service, naturally enough, are made in UTC.
575
576# From Arthur David Olson (1992-03-08):
577# Given the above, what's chosen for year-round use is:
578# CST for any place operating at a GMTOFF of 9:30
579# WST for any place operating at a GMTOFF of 8:00
580# EST for any place operating at a GMTOFF of 10:00
581
582# From Paul Eggert (2001-04-05), summarizing a long discussion about "EST"
583# versus "AEST" etc.:
584#
585# I see the following points of dispute:
586#
587# * How important are unique time zone abbreviations?
588#
589# Here I tend to agree with the point (most recently made by Chris
590# Newman) that unique abbreviations should not be essential for proper
591# operation of software. We have other instances of ambiguity
592# (e.g. "IST" denoting both "Israel Standard Time" and "Indian
593# Standard Time"), and they are not likely to go away any time soon.
594# In the old days, some software mistakenly relied on unique
595# abbreviations, but this is becoming less true with time, and I don't
596# think it's that important to cater to such software these days.
597#
598# On the other hand, there is another motivation for unambiguous
599# abbreviations: it cuts down on human confusion. This is
600# particularly true for Australia, where "EST" can mean one thing for
601# time T and a different thing for time T plus 1 second.
602#
603# * Does the relevant legislation indicate which abbreviations should be used?
604#
605# Here I tend to think that things are a mess, just as they are in
606# many other countries. We Americans are currently disagreeing about
607# which abbreviation to use for the newly legislated Chamorro Standard
608# Time, for example.
609#
610# Personally, I would prefer to use common practice; I would like to
611# refer to legislation only for examples of common practice, or as a
612# tiebreaker.
613#
614# * Do Australians more often use "Eastern Daylight Time" or "Eastern
615# Summer Time"? Do they typically prefix the time zone names with
616# the word "Australian"?
617#
618# My own impression is that both "Daylight Time" and "Summer Time" are
619# common and are widely understood, but that "Summer Time" is more
620# popular; and that the leading "A" is also common but is omitted more
621# often than not. I just used AltaVista advanced search and got the
622# following count of page hits:
623#
624# 1,103 "Eastern Summer Time" AND domain:au
625# 971 "Australian Eastern Summer Time" AND domain:au
626# 613 "Eastern Daylight Time" AND domain:au
627# 127 "Australian Eastern Daylight Time" AND domain:au
628#
629# Here "Summer" seems quite a bit more popular than "Daylight",
630# particularly when we know the time zone is Australian and not US,
631# say. The "Australian" prefix seems to be popular for Eastern Summer
632# Time, but unpopular for Eastern Daylight Time.
633#
634# For abbreviations, tools like AltaVista are less useful because of
635# ambiguity. Many hits are not really time zones, unfortunately, and
636# many hits denote US time zones and not Australian ones. But here
637# are the hit counts anyway:
638#
639# 161,304 "EST" and domain:au
640# 25,156 "EDT" and domain:au
641# 18,263 "AEST" and domain:au
642# 10,416 "AEDT" and domain:au
643#
644# 14,538 "CST" and domain:au
645# 5,728 "CDT" and domain:au
646# 176 "ACST" and domain:au
647# 29 "ACDT" and domain:au
648#
649# 7,539 "WST" and domain:au
650# 68 "AWST" and domain:au
651#
652# This data suggest that Australians tend to omit the "A" prefix in
653# practice. The situation for "ST" versus "DT" is less clear, given
654# the ambiguities involved.
655#
656# * How do Australians feel about the abbreviations in the tz database?
657#
658# If you just count Australians on this list, I count 2 in favor and 3
659# against. One of the "against" votes (David Keegel) counseled delay,
660# saying that both AEST/AEDT and EST/EST are widely used and
661# understood in Australia.
662
663# From Paul Eggert (1995-12-19):
664# Shanks reports 2:00 for all autumn changes in Australia and New Zealand.
|
635# Mark Prior <mrp@itd.adelaide.edu.au> writes that his newspaper
| 665# Mark Prior writes that his newspaper
|
636# reports that NSW's fall 1995 change will occur at 2:00,
637# but Robert Elz says it's been 3:00 in Victoria since 1970
638# and perhaps the newspaper's `2:00' is referring to standard time.
639# For now we'll continue to assume 2:00s for changes since 1960.
640
| 666# reports that NSW's fall 1995 change will occur at 2:00,
667# but Robert Elz says it's been 3:00 in Victoria since 1970
668# and perhaps the newspaper's `2:00' is referring to standard time.
669# For now we'll continue to assume 2:00s for changes since 1960.
670
|
641# From Eric Ulevik <eau@zip.com.au> (1998-01-05):
| 671# From Eric Ulevik (1998-01-05):
|
642#
643# Here are some URLs to Australian time legislation. These URLs are stable,
644# and should probably be included in the data file. There are probably more
645# relevant entries in this database.
646#
647# NSW (including LHI and Broken Hill):
648# <a href="http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/nsw/consol_act/sta1987137/index.html">
649# Standard Time Act 1987 (updated 1995-04-04)
650# </a>
651# ACT
652# <a href="http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/act/consol_act/stasta1972279/index.html">
653# Standard Time and Summer Time Act 1972
654# </a>
655# SA
656# <a href="http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/sa/consol_act/sta1898137/index.html">
657# Standard Time Act, 1898
658# </a>
659
| 672#
673# Here are some URLs to Australian time legislation. These URLs are stable,
674# and should probably be included in the data file. There are probably more
675# relevant entries in this database.
676#
677# NSW (including LHI and Broken Hill):
678# <a href="http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/nsw/consol_act/sta1987137/index.html">
679# Standard Time Act 1987 (updated 1995-04-04)
680# </a>
681# ACT
682# <a href="http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/act/consol_act/stasta1972279/index.html">
683# Standard Time and Summer Time Act 1972
684# </a>
685# SA
686# <a href="http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/sa/consol_act/sta1898137/index.html">
687# Standard Time Act, 1898
688# </a>
689
|
| 690# From David Grosz (2005-06-13):
691# It was announced last week that Daylight Saving would be extended by
692# one week next year to allow for the 2006 Commonwealth Games.
693# Daylight Saving is now to end for next year only on the first Sunday
694# in April instead of the last Sunday in March.
695#
696# From Gwillim Law (2005-06-14):
697# I did some Googling and found that all of those states (and territory) plan
698# to extend DST together in 2006.
699# ACT: http://www.cmd.act.gov.au/mediareleases/fileread.cfm?file=86.txt
700# New South Wales: http://www.thecouriermail.news.com.au/common/story_page/0,5936,15538869%255E1702,00.html
701# South Australia: http://www.news.com.au/story/0,10117,15555031-1246,00.html
702# Tasmania: http://www.media.tas.gov.au/release.php?id=14772
703# Victoria: I wasn't able to find anything separate, but the other articles
704# allude to it.
705# But not Queensland
706# http://www.news.com.au/story/0,10117,15564030-1248,00.html.
707
|
660# Northern Territory
661
662# From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06):
663# # The NORTHERN TERRITORY.. [ Courtesy N.T. Dept of the Chief Minister ]
664# # [ Nov 1990 ]
665# # N.T. have never utilised any DST due to sub-tropical/tropical location.
666# ...
667# Zone Australia/North 9:30 - CST
668
669# From Bradley White (1991-03-04):
670# A recent excerpt from an Australian newspaper...
671# the Northern Territory do[es] not have daylight saving.
672
673# Western Australia
674
675# From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06):
676# # The state of WESTERN AUSTRALIA.. [ Courtesy W.A. dept Premier+Cabinet ]
677# # [ Nov 1990 ]
678# # W.A. suffers from a great deal of public and political opposition to
679# # DST in principle. A bill is brought before parliament in most years, but
680# # usually defeated either in the upper house, or in party caucus
681# # before reaching parliament.
682# ...
683# Zone Australia/West 8:00 AW %sST
684# ...
685# Rule AW 1974 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
686# Rule AW 1975 only - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 W
687# Rule AW 1983 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
688# Rule AW 1984 only - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 W
689
690# From Bradley White (1991-03-04):
691# A recent excerpt from an Australian newspaper...
692# Western Australia...do[es] not have daylight saving.
693
694# From John D. Newman via Bradley White (1991-11-02):
695# Western Australia is still on "winter time". Some DH in Sydney
696# rang me at home a few days ago at 6.00am. (He had just arrived at
697# work at 9.00am.)
698# W.A. is switching to Summer Time on Nov 17th just to confuse
699# everybody again.
700
701# From Arthur David Olson (1992-03-08):
702# The 1992 ending date used in the rules is a best guess;
703# it matches what was used in the past.
704
705# <a href="http://www.bom.gov.au/faq/faqgen.htm">
706# The Australian Bureau of Meteorology FAQ
707# </a> (1999-09-27) writes that Giles Meteorological Station uses
708# South Australian time even though it's located in Western Australia.
709
710# Queensland
711# From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06):
712# # The state of QUEENSLAND.. [ Courtesy Qld. Dept Premier Econ&Trade Devel ]
713# # [ Dec 1990 ]
714# ...
715# Zone Australia/Queensland 10:00 AQ %sST
716# ...
717# Rule AQ 1971 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
718# Rule AQ 1972 only - Feb lastSun 3:00 0 E
719# Rule AQ 1989 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
720# Rule AQ 1990 max - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 E
721
722# From Bradley White (1989-12-24):
723# "Australia/Queensland" now observes daylight time (i.e. from
724# October 1989).
725
726# From Bradley White (1991-03-04):
727# A recent excerpt from an Australian newspaper...
728# ...Queensland...[has] agreed to end daylight saving
729# at 3am tomorrow (March 3)...
730
731# From John Mackin (1991-03-06):
732# I can certainly confirm for my part that Daylight Saving in NSW did in fact
733# end on Sunday, 3 March. I don't know at what hour, though. (It surprised
734# me.)
735
736# From Bradley White (1992-03-08):
737# ...there was recently a referendum in Queensland which resulted
738# in the experimental daylight saving system being abandoned. So, ...
739# ...
740# Rule QLD 1989 1991 - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
741# Rule QLD 1990 1992 - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 S
742# ...
743
744# From Arthur David Olson (1992-03-08):
745# The chosen rules the union of the 1971/1972 change and the 1989-1992 changes.
746
747# From Rives McDow (2002-04-09):
748# The most interesting region I have found consists of three towns on the
749# southern coast of Australia, population 10 at last report, along with
750# 50,000 sheep, about 100 kilometers long and 40 kilometers into the
751# continent. The primary town is Madura, with the other towns being
752# Mundrabilla and Eucla. According to the sheriff of Madura, the
753# residents got tired of having to change the time so often, as they are
754# located in a strip overlapping the border of South Australia and Western
755# Australia. South Australia observes daylight saving time; Western
756# Australia does not. The two states are one and a half hours apart. The
757# residents decided to forget about this nonsense of changing the clock so
758# much and set the local time 20 hours and 45 minutes from the
759# international date line, or right in the middle of the time of South
760# Australia and Western Australia. As it only affects about 10 people and
761# tourists staying at the Madura Motel, it has never really made as big an
762# impact as Broken Hill. However, as tourist visiting there or anyone
763# calling the local sheriff will attest, they do keep time in this way.
764#
765# From Paul Eggert (2002-04-09):
766# This is confirmed by the section entitled
767# "What's the deal with time zones???" in
768# <http://www.earthsci.unimelb.edu.au/~awatkins/null.html>,
769# which says a few other things:
770#
771# * Border Village, SA also is 45 minutes ahead of Perth.
772# * The locals call this time zone "central W.A. Time" (presumably "CWAT").
773# * The locals also call Western Australia time "Perth time".
774#
775# It's not clear from context whether everyone in Western Australia
776# knows of this naming convention, or whether it's just the people in
777# this subregion.
778
779# South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria
780
781# From Arthur David Olson (1992-03-08):
782# The rules from version 7.1 follow.
783# There are lots of differences between these rules and
784# the Shepherd et al. rules. Since the Shepherd et al. rules
785# and Bradley White's newspaper article are in agreement on
786# current DST ending dates, no worries.
787#
788# Rule Oz 1971 1985 - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 -
789# Rule Oz 1986 max - Oct Sun<=24 2:00 1:00 -
790# Rule Oz 1972 only - Feb 27 3:00 0 -
791# Rule Oz 1973 1986 - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 -
792# Rule Oz 1987 max - Mar Sun<=21 3:00 0 -
793# Zone Australia/Tasmania 10:00 Oz EST
794# Zone Australia/South 9:30 Oz CST
795# Zone Australia/Victoria 10:00 Oz EST 1985 Oct lastSun 2:00
796# 10:00 1:00 EST 1986 Mar Sun<=21 3:00
797# 10:00 Oz EST
798
799# From Robert Elz (1991-03-06):
800# I believe that the current start date for DST is "lastSun" in Oct...
801# that changed Oct 89. That is, we're back to the
802# original rule, and that rule currently applies in all the states
803# that have dst, incl Qld. (Certainly it was true in Vic).
804# The file I'm including says that happened in 1988, I think
805# that's incorrect, but I'm not 100% certain.
806
807# South Australia
808
809# From Bradley White (1991-03-04):
810# A recent excerpt from an Australian newspaper...
811# ...South Australia...[has] agreed to end daylight saving
812# at 3am tomorrow (March 3)...
813
814# From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06):
815# # The state of SOUTH AUSTRALIA....[ Courtesy of S.A. Dept of Labour ]
816# # [ Nov 1990 ]
817# ...
818# Zone Australia/South 9:30 AS %sST
819# ...
820# Rule AS 1971 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
821# Rule AS 1972 1985 - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 C
822# Rule AS 1986 1990 - Mar Sun<=21 3:00 0 C
823# Rule AS 1991 max - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 C
824
825# From Bradley White (1992-03-11):
826# Recent correspondence with a friend in Adelaide
827# contained the following exchange: "Due to the Adelaide Festival,
828# South Australia delays setting back our clocks for a few weeks."
829
830# From Robert Elz (1992-03-13):
831# I heard that apparently (or at least, it appears that)
832# South Aus will have an extra 3 weeks daylight saving every even
833# numbered year (from 1990). That's when the Adelaide Festival
834# is on...
835
836# From Robert Elz (1992-03-16, 00:57:07 +1000):
837# DST didn't end in Adelaide today (yesterday)....
838# But whether it's "4th Sunday" or "2nd last Sunday" I have no idea whatever...
839# (it's just as likely to be "the Sunday we pick for this year"...).
840
841# From Bradley White (1994-04-11):
842# If Sun, 15 March, 1992 was at +1030 as kre asserts, but yet Sun, 20 March,
843# 1994 was at +0930 as John Connolly's customer seems to assert, then I can
844# only conclude that the actual rule is more complicated....
845
| 708# Northern Territory
709
710# From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06):
711# # The NORTHERN TERRITORY.. [ Courtesy N.T. Dept of the Chief Minister ]
712# # [ Nov 1990 ]
713# # N.T. have never utilised any DST due to sub-tropical/tropical location.
714# ...
715# Zone Australia/North 9:30 - CST
716
717# From Bradley White (1991-03-04):
718# A recent excerpt from an Australian newspaper...
719# the Northern Territory do[es] not have daylight saving.
720
721# Western Australia
722
723# From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06):
724# # The state of WESTERN AUSTRALIA.. [ Courtesy W.A. dept Premier+Cabinet ]
725# # [ Nov 1990 ]
726# # W.A. suffers from a great deal of public and political opposition to
727# # DST in principle. A bill is brought before parliament in most years, but
728# # usually defeated either in the upper house, or in party caucus
729# # before reaching parliament.
730# ...
731# Zone Australia/West 8:00 AW %sST
732# ...
733# Rule AW 1974 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
734# Rule AW 1975 only - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 W
735# Rule AW 1983 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
736# Rule AW 1984 only - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 W
737
738# From Bradley White (1991-03-04):
739# A recent excerpt from an Australian newspaper...
740# Western Australia...do[es] not have daylight saving.
741
742# From John D. Newman via Bradley White (1991-11-02):
743# Western Australia is still on "winter time". Some DH in Sydney
744# rang me at home a few days ago at 6.00am. (He had just arrived at
745# work at 9.00am.)
746# W.A. is switching to Summer Time on Nov 17th just to confuse
747# everybody again.
748
749# From Arthur David Olson (1992-03-08):
750# The 1992 ending date used in the rules is a best guess;
751# it matches what was used in the past.
752
753# <a href="http://www.bom.gov.au/faq/faqgen.htm">
754# The Australian Bureau of Meteorology FAQ
755# </a> (1999-09-27) writes that Giles Meteorological Station uses
756# South Australian time even though it's located in Western Australia.
757
758# Queensland
759# From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06):
760# # The state of QUEENSLAND.. [ Courtesy Qld. Dept Premier Econ&Trade Devel ]
761# # [ Dec 1990 ]
762# ...
763# Zone Australia/Queensland 10:00 AQ %sST
764# ...
765# Rule AQ 1971 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
766# Rule AQ 1972 only - Feb lastSun 3:00 0 E
767# Rule AQ 1989 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
768# Rule AQ 1990 max - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 E
769
770# From Bradley White (1989-12-24):
771# "Australia/Queensland" now observes daylight time (i.e. from
772# October 1989).
773
774# From Bradley White (1991-03-04):
775# A recent excerpt from an Australian newspaper...
776# ...Queensland...[has] agreed to end daylight saving
777# at 3am tomorrow (March 3)...
778
779# From John Mackin (1991-03-06):
780# I can certainly confirm for my part that Daylight Saving in NSW did in fact
781# end on Sunday, 3 March. I don't know at what hour, though. (It surprised
782# me.)
783
784# From Bradley White (1992-03-08):
785# ...there was recently a referendum in Queensland which resulted
786# in the experimental daylight saving system being abandoned. So, ...
787# ...
788# Rule QLD 1989 1991 - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
789# Rule QLD 1990 1992 - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 S
790# ...
791
792# From Arthur David Olson (1992-03-08):
793# The chosen rules the union of the 1971/1972 change and the 1989-1992 changes.
794
795# From Rives McDow (2002-04-09):
796# The most interesting region I have found consists of three towns on the
797# southern coast of Australia, population 10 at last report, along with
798# 50,000 sheep, about 100 kilometers long and 40 kilometers into the
799# continent. The primary town is Madura, with the other towns being
800# Mundrabilla and Eucla. According to the sheriff of Madura, the
801# residents got tired of having to change the time so often, as they are
802# located in a strip overlapping the border of South Australia and Western
803# Australia. South Australia observes daylight saving time; Western
804# Australia does not. The two states are one and a half hours apart. The
805# residents decided to forget about this nonsense of changing the clock so
806# much and set the local time 20 hours and 45 minutes from the
807# international date line, or right in the middle of the time of South
808# Australia and Western Australia. As it only affects about 10 people and
809# tourists staying at the Madura Motel, it has never really made as big an
810# impact as Broken Hill. However, as tourist visiting there or anyone
811# calling the local sheriff will attest, they do keep time in this way.
812#
813# From Paul Eggert (2002-04-09):
814# This is confirmed by the section entitled
815# "What's the deal with time zones???" in
816# <http://www.earthsci.unimelb.edu.au/~awatkins/null.html>,
817# which says a few other things:
818#
819# * Border Village, SA also is 45 minutes ahead of Perth.
820# * The locals call this time zone "central W.A. Time" (presumably "CWAT").
821# * The locals also call Western Australia time "Perth time".
822#
823# It's not clear from context whether everyone in Western Australia
824# knows of this naming convention, or whether it's just the people in
825# this subregion.
826
827# South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria
828
829# From Arthur David Olson (1992-03-08):
830# The rules from version 7.1 follow.
831# There are lots of differences between these rules and
832# the Shepherd et al. rules. Since the Shepherd et al. rules
833# and Bradley White's newspaper article are in agreement on
834# current DST ending dates, no worries.
835#
836# Rule Oz 1971 1985 - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 -
837# Rule Oz 1986 max - Oct Sun<=24 2:00 1:00 -
838# Rule Oz 1972 only - Feb 27 3:00 0 -
839# Rule Oz 1973 1986 - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 -
840# Rule Oz 1987 max - Mar Sun<=21 3:00 0 -
841# Zone Australia/Tasmania 10:00 Oz EST
842# Zone Australia/South 9:30 Oz CST
843# Zone Australia/Victoria 10:00 Oz EST 1985 Oct lastSun 2:00
844# 10:00 1:00 EST 1986 Mar Sun<=21 3:00
845# 10:00 Oz EST
846
847# From Robert Elz (1991-03-06):
848# I believe that the current start date for DST is "lastSun" in Oct...
849# that changed Oct 89. That is, we're back to the
850# original rule, and that rule currently applies in all the states
851# that have dst, incl Qld. (Certainly it was true in Vic).
852# The file I'm including says that happened in 1988, I think
853# that's incorrect, but I'm not 100% certain.
854
855# South Australia
856
857# From Bradley White (1991-03-04):
858# A recent excerpt from an Australian newspaper...
859# ...South Australia...[has] agreed to end daylight saving
860# at 3am tomorrow (March 3)...
861
862# From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06):
863# # The state of SOUTH AUSTRALIA....[ Courtesy of S.A. Dept of Labour ]
864# # [ Nov 1990 ]
865# ...
866# Zone Australia/South 9:30 AS %sST
867# ...
868# Rule AS 1971 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
869# Rule AS 1972 1985 - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 C
870# Rule AS 1986 1990 - Mar Sun<=21 3:00 0 C
871# Rule AS 1991 max - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 C
872
873# From Bradley White (1992-03-11):
874# Recent correspondence with a friend in Adelaide
875# contained the following exchange: "Due to the Adelaide Festival,
876# South Australia delays setting back our clocks for a few weeks."
877
878# From Robert Elz (1992-03-13):
879# I heard that apparently (or at least, it appears that)
880# South Aus will have an extra 3 weeks daylight saving every even
881# numbered year (from 1990). That's when the Adelaide Festival
882# is on...
883
884# From Robert Elz (1992-03-16, 00:57:07 +1000):
885# DST didn't end in Adelaide today (yesterday)....
886# But whether it's "4th Sunday" or "2nd last Sunday" I have no idea whatever...
887# (it's just as likely to be "the Sunday we pick for this year"...).
888
889# From Bradley White (1994-04-11):
890# If Sun, 15 March, 1992 was at +1030 as kre asserts, but yet Sun, 20 March,
891# 1994 was at +0930 as John Connolly's customer seems to assert, then I can
892# only conclude that the actual rule is more complicated....
893
|
846# From John Warburton <jwarb@SACBH.com.au> (1994-10-07):
| 894# From John Warburton (1994-10-07):
|
847# The new Daylight Savings dates for South Australia ...
848# was gazetted in the Government Hansard on Sep 26 1994....
849# start on last Sunday in October and end in last sunday in March.
850
851# Tasmania
852
853# The rules for 1967 through 1991 were reported by George Shepherd
854# via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06):
855# # The state of TASMANIA.. [Courtesy Tasmanian Dept of Premier + Cabinet ]
856# # [ Nov 1990 ]
857
858# From Bill Hart via Guy Harris (1991-10-10):
859# Oh yes, the new daylight savings rules are uniquely tasmanian, we have
860# 6 weeks a year now when we are out of sync with the rest of Australia
861# (but nothing new about that).
862
863# From Alex Livingston (1999-10-04):
864# I heard on the ABC (Australian Broadcasting Corporation) radio news on the
865# (long) weekend that Tasmania, which usually goes its own way in this regard,
866# has decided to join with most of NSW, the ACT, and most of Victoria
867# (Australia) and start daylight saving on the last Sunday in August in 2000
868# instead of the first Sunday in October.
869
870# Sim Alam (2000-07-03) reported a legal citation for the 2000/2001 rules:
871# http://www.thelaw.tas.gov.au/fragview/42++1968+GS3A@EN+2000070300
872
873# Victoria
874
875# The rules for 1971 through 1991 were reported by George Shepherd
876# via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06):
877# # The state of VICTORIA.. [ Courtesy of Vic. Dept of Premier + Cabinet ]
878# # [ Nov 1990 ]
879
880# From Scott Harrington (2001-08-29):
881# On KQED's "City Arts and Lectures" program last night I heard an
882# interesting story about daylight savings time. Dr. John Heilbron was
883# discussing his book "The Sun in the Church: Cathedrals as Solar
884# Observatories"[1], and in particular the Shrine of Remembrance[2] located
885# in Melbourne, Australia.
886#
887# Apparently the shrine's main purpose is a beam of sunlight which
888# illuminates a special spot on the floor at the 11th hour of the 11th day
889# of the 11th month (Remembrance Day) every year in memory of Australia's
890# fallen WWI soldiers. And if you go there on Nov. 11, at 11am local time,
891# you will indeed see the sunbeam illuminate the special spot at the
892# expected time.
893#
894# However, that is only because of some special mirror contraption that had
895# to be employed, since due to daylight savings time, the true solar time of
896# the remembrance moment occurs one hour later (or earlier?). Perhaps
897# someone with more information on this jury-rig can tell us more.
898#
899# [1] http://www.hup.harvard.edu/catalog/HEISUN.html
900# [2] http://www.shrine.org.au
901
902# New South Wales
903
904# From Arthur David Olson:
905# New South Wales and subjurisdictions have their own ideas of a fun time.
| 895# The new Daylight Savings dates for South Australia ...
896# was gazetted in the Government Hansard on Sep 26 1994....
897# start on last Sunday in October and end in last sunday in March.
898
899# Tasmania
900
901# The rules for 1967 through 1991 were reported by George Shepherd
902# via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06):
903# # The state of TASMANIA.. [Courtesy Tasmanian Dept of Premier + Cabinet ]
904# # [ Nov 1990 ]
905
906# From Bill Hart via Guy Harris (1991-10-10):
907# Oh yes, the new daylight savings rules are uniquely tasmanian, we have
908# 6 weeks a year now when we are out of sync with the rest of Australia
909# (but nothing new about that).
910
911# From Alex Livingston (1999-10-04):
912# I heard on the ABC (Australian Broadcasting Corporation) radio news on the
913# (long) weekend that Tasmania, which usually goes its own way in this regard,
914# has decided to join with most of NSW, the ACT, and most of Victoria
915# (Australia) and start daylight saving on the last Sunday in August in 2000
916# instead of the first Sunday in October.
917
918# Sim Alam (2000-07-03) reported a legal citation for the 2000/2001 rules:
919# http://www.thelaw.tas.gov.au/fragview/42++1968+GS3A@EN+2000070300
920
921# Victoria
922
923# The rules for 1971 through 1991 were reported by George Shepherd
924# via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06):
925# # The state of VICTORIA.. [ Courtesy of Vic. Dept of Premier + Cabinet ]
926# # [ Nov 1990 ]
927
928# From Scott Harrington (2001-08-29):
929# On KQED's "City Arts and Lectures" program last night I heard an
930# interesting story about daylight savings time. Dr. John Heilbron was
931# discussing his book "The Sun in the Church: Cathedrals as Solar
932# Observatories"[1], and in particular the Shrine of Remembrance[2] located
933# in Melbourne, Australia.
934#
935# Apparently the shrine's main purpose is a beam of sunlight which
936# illuminates a special spot on the floor at the 11th hour of the 11th day
937# of the 11th month (Remembrance Day) every year in memory of Australia's
938# fallen WWI soldiers. And if you go there on Nov. 11, at 11am local time,
939# you will indeed see the sunbeam illuminate the special spot at the
940# expected time.
941#
942# However, that is only because of some special mirror contraption that had
943# to be employed, since due to daylight savings time, the true solar time of
944# the remembrance moment occurs one hour later (or earlier?). Perhaps
945# someone with more information on this jury-rig can tell us more.
946#
947# [1] http://www.hup.harvard.edu/catalog/HEISUN.html
948# [2] http://www.shrine.org.au
949
950# New South Wales
951
952# From Arthur David Olson:
953# New South Wales and subjurisdictions have their own ideas of a fun time.
|
906# Based on law library research by John Mackin (john@basser.cs.su.oz),
| 954# Based on law library research by John Mackin,
|
907# who notes:
908# In Australia, time is not legislated federally, but rather by the
909# individual states. Thus, while such terms as ``Eastern Standard Time''
910# [I mean, of course, Australian EST, not any other kind] are in common
911# use, _they have NO REAL MEANING_, as they are not defined in the
912# legislation. This is very important to understand.
913# I have researched New South Wales time only...
914
915# From Paul Eggert (1999-09-27):
916# The Information Service of the Australian National Standards Commission
917# <a href="http://www.nsc.gov.au/InfoServ/Ileaflet/il27.htm">
918# Daylight Saving
919# </a> page (1995-04) has an excellent overall history of Australian DST.
920# The Community Relations Division of the NSW Attorney General's Department
921# publishes a history of daylight saving in NSW. See:
922# <a href="http://www.lawlink.nsw.gov.au/crd.nsf/pages/time2">
923# Lawlink NSW: Daylight Saving in New South Wales
924# </a>
925
| 955# who notes:
956# In Australia, time is not legislated federally, but rather by the
957# individual states. Thus, while such terms as ``Eastern Standard Time''
958# [I mean, of course, Australian EST, not any other kind] are in common
959# use, _they have NO REAL MEANING_, as they are not defined in the
960# legislation. This is very important to understand.
961# I have researched New South Wales time only...
962
963# From Paul Eggert (1999-09-27):
964# The Information Service of the Australian National Standards Commission
965# <a href="http://www.nsc.gov.au/InfoServ/Ileaflet/il27.htm">
966# Daylight Saving
967# </a> page (1995-04) has an excellent overall history of Australian DST.
968# The Community Relations Division of the NSW Attorney General's Department
969# publishes a history of daylight saving in NSW. See:
970# <a href="http://www.lawlink.nsw.gov.au/crd.nsf/pages/time2">
971# Lawlink NSW: Daylight Saving in New South Wales
972# </a>
973
|
926# From Eric Ulevik <eau@ozemail.com.au> (1999-05-26):
| 974# From Eric Ulevik (1999-05-26):
|
927# DST will start in NSW on the last Sunday of August, rather than the usual
928# October in 2000. [See: Matthew Moore,
929# <a href="http://www.smh.com.au/news/9905/26/pageone/pageone4.html">
930# Two months more daylight saving
931# </a>
932# Sydney Morning Herald (1999-05-26).]
933
934# From Paul Eggert (1999-09-27):
935# See the following official NSW source:
936# <a href="http://dir.gis.nsw.gov.au/cgi-bin/genobject/document/other/daylightsaving/tigGmZ">
937# Daylight Saving in New South Wales.
938# </a>
939#
940# Narrabri Shire (NSW) council has announced it will ignore the extension of
941# daylight saving next year. See:
942# <a href="http://abc.net.au/news/regionals/neweng/monthly/regeng-22jul1999-1.htm">
943# Narrabri Council to ignore daylight saving
944# </a> (1999-07-22). For now, we'll wait to see if this really happens.
945#
946# Victoria will following NSW. See:
947# <a href="http://abc.net.au/local/news/olympics/1999/07/item19990728112314_1.htm">
948# Vic to extend daylight saving
949# </a> (1999-07-28).
950#
951# However, South Australia rejected the DST request. See:
952# <a href="http://abc.net.au/news/olympics/1999/07/item19990719151754_1.htm">
953# South Australia rejects Olympics daylight savings request
954# </a> (1999-07-19).
955#
956# Queensland also will not observe DST for the Olympics. See:
957# <a href="http://abc.net.au/news/olympics/1999/06/item19990601114608_1.htm">
958# Qld says no to daylight savings for Olympics
959# </a> (1999-06-01), which quotes Queensland Premier Peter Beattie as saying
960# ``Look you've got to remember in my family when this came up last time
961# I voted for it, my wife voted against it and she said to me it's all very
962# well for you, you don't have to worry about getting the children out of
963# bed, getting them to school, getting them to sleep at night.
964# I've been through all this argument domestically...my wife rules.''
965#
966# Broken Hill will stick with South Australian time in 2000. See:
967# <a href="http://abc.net.au/news/regionals/brokenh/monthly/regbrok-21jul1999-6.htm">
968# Broken Hill to be behind the times
969# </a> (1999-07-21).
970
971# IATA SSIM (1998-09) says that the spring 2000 change for Australian
972# Capital Territory, New South Wales except Lord Howe Island and Broken
973# Hill, and Victoria will be August 27, presumably due to the Sydney Olympics.
974
975# From Eric Ulevik, referring to Sydney's Sun Herald (2000-08-13), page 29:
976# The Queensland Premier Peter Beattie is encouraging northern NSW
977# towns to use Queensland time.
978
979# Yancowinna
980
981# From John Mackin (1989-01-04):
982# `Broken Hill' means the County of Yancowinna.
983
984# From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06):
985# # YANCOWINNA.. [ Confirmation courtesy of Broken Hill Postmaster ]
986# # [ Dec 1990 ]
987# ...
988# # Yancowinna uses Central Standard Time, despite [its] location on the
989# # New South Wales side of the S.A. border. Most business and social dealings
990# # are with CST zones, therefore CST is legislated by local government
991# # although the switch to Summer Time occurs in line with N.S.W. There have
992# # been years when this did not apply, but the historical data is not
993# # presently available.
994# Zone Australia/Yancowinna 9:30 AY %sST
995# ...
996# Rule AY 1971 1985 - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
997# Rule AY 1972 only - Feb lastSun 3:00 0 C
998# [followed by other Rules]
999
1000# Lord Howe Island
1001
1002# From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06):
1003# LHI... [ Courtesy of Pauline Van Winsen.. pauline@Aus ]
1004# [ Dec 1990 ]
1005# Lord Howe Island is located off the New South Wales coast, and is half an
1006# hour ahead of NSW time.
1007
1008# From James Lonergan, Secretary, Lord Howe Island Board (2000-01-27):
1009# Lord Howe Island summer time in 2000/2001 will commence on the same
1010# date as the rest of NSW (i.e. 2000-08-27). For your information the
1011# Lord Howe Island Board (controlling authority for the Island) is
1012# seeking the community's views on various options for summer time
1013# arrangements on the Island, e.g. advance clocks by 1 full hour
1014# instead of only 30 minutes. Dependant on the wishes of residents
1015# the Board may approach the NSW government to change the existing
1016# arrangements. The starting date for summer time on the Island will
1017# however always coincide with the rest of NSW.
1018
1019# From James Lonergan, Secretary, Lord Howe Island Board (2000-10-25):
1020# Lord Howe Island advances clocks by 30 minutes during DST in NSW and retards
1021# clocks by 30 minutes when DST finishes. Since DST was most recently
1022# introduced in NSW, the "changeover" time on the Island has been 02:00 as
1023# shown on clocks on LHI. I guess this means that for 30 minutes at the start
1024# of DST, LHI is actually 1 hour ahead of the rest of NSW.
1025
1026# From Paul Eggert (2001-02-09):
1027# For Lord Howe dates we use Shanks through 1989, and Lonergan thereafter.
1028# For times we use Lonergan.
1029
1030###############################################################################
1031
1032# New Zealand
1033
1034# From Mark Davies (1990-10-03):
1035# the 1989/90 year was a trial of an extended "daylight saving" period.
1036# This trial was deemed successful and the extended period adopted for
1037# subsequent years (with the addition of a further week at the start).
1038# source -- phone call to Ministry of Internal Affairs Head Office.
1039
1040# From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06):
1041# # The Country of New Zealand (Australia's east island -) Gee they hate that!
1042# # or is Australia the west island of N.Z.
1043# # [ courtesy of Geoff Tribble.. Geofft@Aus.. Auckland N.Z. ]
1044# # [ Nov 1990 ]
1045# ...
1046# Rule NZ 1974 1988 - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1047# Rule NZ 1989 max - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1048# Rule NZ 1975 1989 - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 S
1049# Rule NZ 1990 max - Mar lastSun 3:00 0 S
1050# ...
1051# Zone NZ 12:00 NZ NZ%sT # New Zealand
1052# Zone NZ-CHAT 12:45 - NZ-CHAT # Chatham Island
1053
1054# From Arthur David Olson (1992-03-08):
1055# The chosen rules use the Davies October 8 values for the start of DST in 1989
1056# rather than the October 1 value.
1057
1058# From Paul Eggert (1995-12-19);
1059# Shanks reports 2:00 for all autumn changes in Australia and New Zealand.
| 975# DST will start in NSW on the last Sunday of August, rather than the usual
976# October in 2000. [See: Matthew Moore,
977# <a href="http://www.smh.com.au/news/9905/26/pageone/pageone4.html">
978# Two months more daylight saving
979# </a>
980# Sydney Morning Herald (1999-05-26).]
981
982# From Paul Eggert (1999-09-27):
983# See the following official NSW source:
984# <a href="http://dir.gis.nsw.gov.au/cgi-bin/genobject/document/other/daylightsaving/tigGmZ">
985# Daylight Saving in New South Wales.
986# </a>
987#
988# Narrabri Shire (NSW) council has announced it will ignore the extension of
989# daylight saving next year. See:
990# <a href="http://abc.net.au/news/regionals/neweng/monthly/regeng-22jul1999-1.htm">
991# Narrabri Council to ignore daylight saving
992# </a> (1999-07-22). For now, we'll wait to see if this really happens.
993#
994# Victoria will following NSW. See:
995# <a href="http://abc.net.au/local/news/olympics/1999/07/item19990728112314_1.htm">
996# Vic to extend daylight saving
997# </a> (1999-07-28).
998#
999# However, South Australia rejected the DST request. See:
1000# <a href="http://abc.net.au/news/olympics/1999/07/item19990719151754_1.htm">
1001# South Australia rejects Olympics daylight savings request
1002# </a> (1999-07-19).
1003#
1004# Queensland also will not observe DST for the Olympics. See:
1005# <a href="http://abc.net.au/news/olympics/1999/06/item19990601114608_1.htm">
1006# Qld says no to daylight savings for Olympics
1007# </a> (1999-06-01), which quotes Queensland Premier Peter Beattie as saying
1008# ``Look you've got to remember in my family when this came up last time
1009# I voted for it, my wife voted against it and she said to me it's all very
1010# well for you, you don't have to worry about getting the children out of
1011# bed, getting them to school, getting them to sleep at night.
1012# I've been through all this argument domestically...my wife rules.''
1013#
1014# Broken Hill will stick with South Australian time in 2000. See:
1015# <a href="http://abc.net.au/news/regionals/brokenh/monthly/regbrok-21jul1999-6.htm">
1016# Broken Hill to be behind the times
1017# </a> (1999-07-21).
1018
1019# IATA SSIM (1998-09) says that the spring 2000 change for Australian
1020# Capital Territory, New South Wales except Lord Howe Island and Broken
1021# Hill, and Victoria will be August 27, presumably due to the Sydney Olympics.
1022
1023# From Eric Ulevik, referring to Sydney's Sun Herald (2000-08-13), page 29:
1024# The Queensland Premier Peter Beattie is encouraging northern NSW
1025# towns to use Queensland time.
1026
1027# Yancowinna
1028
1029# From John Mackin (1989-01-04):
1030# `Broken Hill' means the County of Yancowinna.
1031
1032# From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06):
1033# # YANCOWINNA.. [ Confirmation courtesy of Broken Hill Postmaster ]
1034# # [ Dec 1990 ]
1035# ...
1036# # Yancowinna uses Central Standard Time, despite [its] location on the
1037# # New South Wales side of the S.A. border. Most business and social dealings
1038# # are with CST zones, therefore CST is legislated by local government
1039# # although the switch to Summer Time occurs in line with N.S.W. There have
1040# # been years when this did not apply, but the historical data is not
1041# # presently available.
1042# Zone Australia/Yancowinna 9:30 AY %sST
1043# ...
1044# Rule AY 1971 1985 - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1045# Rule AY 1972 only - Feb lastSun 3:00 0 C
1046# [followed by other Rules]
1047
1048# Lord Howe Island
1049
1050# From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06):
1051# LHI... [ Courtesy of Pauline Van Winsen.. pauline@Aus ]
1052# [ Dec 1990 ]
1053# Lord Howe Island is located off the New South Wales coast, and is half an
1054# hour ahead of NSW time.
1055
1056# From James Lonergan, Secretary, Lord Howe Island Board (2000-01-27):
1057# Lord Howe Island summer time in 2000/2001 will commence on the same
1058# date as the rest of NSW (i.e. 2000-08-27). For your information the
1059# Lord Howe Island Board (controlling authority for the Island) is
1060# seeking the community's views on various options for summer time
1061# arrangements on the Island, e.g. advance clocks by 1 full hour
1062# instead of only 30 minutes. Dependant on the wishes of residents
1063# the Board may approach the NSW government to change the existing
1064# arrangements. The starting date for summer time on the Island will
1065# however always coincide with the rest of NSW.
1066
1067# From James Lonergan, Secretary, Lord Howe Island Board (2000-10-25):
1068# Lord Howe Island advances clocks by 30 minutes during DST in NSW and retards
1069# clocks by 30 minutes when DST finishes. Since DST was most recently
1070# introduced in NSW, the "changeover" time on the Island has been 02:00 as
1071# shown on clocks on LHI. I guess this means that for 30 minutes at the start
1072# of DST, LHI is actually 1 hour ahead of the rest of NSW.
1073
1074# From Paul Eggert (2001-02-09):
1075# For Lord Howe dates we use Shanks through 1989, and Lonergan thereafter.
1076# For times we use Lonergan.
1077
1078###############################################################################
1079
1080# New Zealand
1081
1082# From Mark Davies (1990-10-03):
1083# the 1989/90 year was a trial of an extended "daylight saving" period.
1084# This trial was deemed successful and the extended period adopted for
1085# subsequent years (with the addition of a further week at the start).
1086# source -- phone call to Ministry of Internal Affairs Head Office.
1087
1088# From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06):
1089# # The Country of New Zealand (Australia's east island -) Gee they hate that!
1090# # or is Australia the west island of N.Z.
1091# # [ courtesy of Geoff Tribble.. Geofft@Aus.. Auckland N.Z. ]
1092# # [ Nov 1990 ]
1093# ...
1094# Rule NZ 1974 1988 - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1095# Rule NZ 1989 max - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1096# Rule NZ 1975 1989 - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 S
1097# Rule NZ 1990 max - Mar lastSun 3:00 0 S
1098# ...
1099# Zone NZ 12:00 NZ NZ%sT # New Zealand
1100# Zone NZ-CHAT 12:45 - NZ-CHAT # Chatham Island
1101
1102# From Arthur David Olson (1992-03-08):
1103# The chosen rules use the Davies October 8 values for the start of DST in 1989
1104# rather than the October 1 value.
1105
1106# From Paul Eggert (1995-12-19);
1107# Shanks reports 2:00 for all autumn changes in Australia and New Zealand.
|
1060# Robert Uzgalis <buz@cs.aukuni.ac.nz> writes that the New Zealand Daylight
| 1108# Robert Uzgalis writes that the New Zealand Daylight
|
1061# Savings Time Order in Council dated 1990-06-18 specifies 2:00 standard
1062# time on both the first Sunday in October and the third Sunday in March.
1063# As with Australia, we'll assume the tradition is 2:00s, not 2:00.
1064#
1065# From Paul Eggert (2003-05-26):
1066# The Department of Internal Affairs (DIA) maintains a brief history,
1067# as does Carol Squires; see tz-link.htm for the full references.
1068# Use these sources in preference to Shanks.
1069#
1070# For Chatham, IATA SSIM (1991/1999) gives the NZ rules but with
1071# transitions at 2:45 local standard time; this confirms that Chatham
1072# is always exactly 45 minutes ahead of Auckland.
1073
1074###############################################################################
1075
1076
1077# Fiji
1078
1079# Howse writes (p 153) that in 1879 the British governor of Fiji
1080# enacted an ordinance standardizing the islands on Antipodean Time
1081# instead of the American system (which was one day behind).
1082
1083# From Rives McDow (1998-10-08):
1084# Fiji will introduce DST effective 0200 local time, 1998-11-01
1085# until 0300 local time 1999-02-28. Each year the DST period will
1086# be from the first Sunday in November until the last Sunday in February.
1087
1088# From Paul Eggert (2000-01-08):
1089# IATA SSIM (1999-09) says DST ends 0100 local time. Go with McDow.
1090
1091# From the BBC World Service (1998-10-31 11:32 UTC):
1092# The Fijiian government says the main reasons for the time change is to
1093# improve productivity and reduce road accidents. But correspondents say it
1094# also hopes the move will boost Fiji's ability to compete with other pacific
1095# islands in the effort to attract tourists to witness the dawning of the new
1096# millenium.
1097
1098# http://www.fiji.gov.fj/press/2000_09/2000_09_13-05.shtml (2000-09-13)
1099# reports that Fiji has discontinued DST.
1100
1101# Johnston
1102
1103# Johnston data is from usno1995.
1104
1105
1106# Kiribati
1107
1108# From Paul Eggert (1996-01-22):
1109# Today's _Wall Street Journal_ (page 1) reports that Kiribati
1110# ``declared it the same day throught the country as of Jan. 1, 1995''
1111# as part of the competition to be first into the 21st century.
1112
1113
1114# Kwajalein
1115
1116# In comp.risks 14.87 (26 August 1993), Peter Neumann writes:
1117# I wonder what happened in Kwajalein, where there was NO Friday,
1118# 1993-08-20. Thursday night at midnight Kwajalein switched sides with
1119# respect to the International Date Line, to rejoin its fellow islands,
1120# going from 11:59 p.m. Thursday to 12:00 m. Saturday in a blink.
1121
1122
1123# N Mariana Is, Guam
1124
1125# Howse writes (p 153) ``The Spaniards, on the other hand, reached the
1126# Philippines and the Ladrones from America,'' and implies that the Ladrones
1127# (now called the Marianas) kept American date for quite some time.
1128# For now, we assume the Ladrones switched at the same time as the Philippines;
1129# see Asia/Manila.
1130
1131# US Public Law 106-564 (2000-12-23) made UTC+10 the official standard time,
1132# under the name "Chamorro Standard Time". There is no official abbreviation,
1133# but Congressman Robert A. Underwood, author of the bill that became law,
1134# wrote in a press release (2000-12-27) that he will seek the use of "ChST".
1135
1136
1137# Micronesia
1138
| 1109# Savings Time Order in Council dated 1990-06-18 specifies 2:00 standard
1110# time on both the first Sunday in October and the third Sunday in March.
1111# As with Australia, we'll assume the tradition is 2:00s, not 2:00.
1112#
1113# From Paul Eggert (2003-05-26):
1114# The Department of Internal Affairs (DIA) maintains a brief history,
1115# as does Carol Squires; see tz-link.htm for the full references.
1116# Use these sources in preference to Shanks.
1117#
1118# For Chatham, IATA SSIM (1991/1999) gives the NZ rules but with
1119# transitions at 2:45 local standard time; this confirms that Chatham
1120# is always exactly 45 minutes ahead of Auckland.
1121
1122###############################################################################
1123
1124
1125# Fiji
1126
1127# Howse writes (p 153) that in 1879 the British governor of Fiji
1128# enacted an ordinance standardizing the islands on Antipodean Time
1129# instead of the American system (which was one day behind).
1130
1131# From Rives McDow (1998-10-08):
1132# Fiji will introduce DST effective 0200 local time, 1998-11-01
1133# until 0300 local time 1999-02-28. Each year the DST period will
1134# be from the first Sunday in November until the last Sunday in February.
1135
1136# From Paul Eggert (2000-01-08):
1137# IATA SSIM (1999-09) says DST ends 0100 local time. Go with McDow.
1138
1139# From the BBC World Service (1998-10-31 11:32 UTC):
1140# The Fijiian government says the main reasons for the time change is to
1141# improve productivity and reduce road accidents. But correspondents say it
1142# also hopes the move will boost Fiji's ability to compete with other pacific
1143# islands in the effort to attract tourists to witness the dawning of the new
1144# millenium.
1145
1146# http://www.fiji.gov.fj/press/2000_09/2000_09_13-05.shtml (2000-09-13)
1147# reports that Fiji has discontinued DST.
1148
1149# Johnston
1150
1151# Johnston data is from usno1995.
1152
1153
1154# Kiribati
1155
1156# From Paul Eggert (1996-01-22):
1157# Today's _Wall Street Journal_ (page 1) reports that Kiribati
1158# ``declared it the same day throught the country as of Jan. 1, 1995''
1159# as part of the competition to be first into the 21st century.
1160
1161
1162# Kwajalein
1163
1164# In comp.risks 14.87 (26 August 1993), Peter Neumann writes:
1165# I wonder what happened in Kwajalein, where there was NO Friday,
1166# 1993-08-20. Thursday night at midnight Kwajalein switched sides with
1167# respect to the International Date Line, to rejoin its fellow islands,
1168# going from 11:59 p.m. Thursday to 12:00 m. Saturday in a blink.
1169
1170
1171# N Mariana Is, Guam
1172
1173# Howse writes (p 153) ``The Spaniards, on the other hand, reached the
1174# Philippines and the Ladrones from America,'' and implies that the Ladrones
1175# (now called the Marianas) kept American date for quite some time.
1176# For now, we assume the Ladrones switched at the same time as the Philippines;
1177# see Asia/Manila.
1178
1179# US Public Law 106-564 (2000-12-23) made UTC+10 the official standard time,
1180# under the name "Chamorro Standard Time". There is no official abbreviation,
1181# but Congressman Robert A. Underwood, author of the bill that became law,
1182# wrote in a press release (2000-12-27) that he will seek the use of "ChST".
1183
1184
1185# Micronesia
1186
|
1139# Alan Eugene Davis <adavis@kuentos.guam.net> writes (1996-03-16),
| 1187# Alan Eugene Davis writes (1996-03-16),
|
1140# ``I am certain, having lived there for the past decade, that "Truk"
1141# (now properly known as Chuuk) ... is in the time zone GMT+10.''
1142#
1143# Shanks writes that Truk switched from UTC+10 to UTC+11 on 1978-10-01;
1144# ignore this for now.
1145
1146# From Paul Eggert (1999-10-29):
1147# The Federated States of Micronesia Visitors Board writes in
1148# <a href="http://www.fsmgov.org/info/clocks.html">
1149# The Federated States of Micronesia - Visitor Information
1150# </a> (1999-01-26)
1151# that Truk and Yap are UTC+10, and Ponape and Kosrae are UTC+11.
1152# We don't know when Kosrae switched from UTC+12; assume January 1 for now.
1153
1154
1155# Midway
1156
1157# From Charles T O'Connor, KMTH DJ (1956),
1158# quoted in the KTMH section of the Radio Heritage Collection
1159# <http://radiodx.com/spdxr/KMTH.htm> (2002-12-31):
1160# For the past two months we've been on what is known as Daylight
1161# Saving Time. This time has put us on air at 5am in the morning,
1162# your time down there in New Zealand. Starting September 2, 1956
1163# we'll again go back to Standard Time. This'll mean that we'll go to
1164# air at 6am your time.
1165#
1166# From Paul Eggert (2003-03-23):
1167# We don't know the date of that quote, but we'll guess they
1168# started DST on June 3. Possibly DST was observed other years
1169# in Midway, but we have no record of it.
1170
1171
1172# Pitcairn
1173
1174# From Rives McDow (1999-11-08):
1175# A Proclamation was signed by the Governor of Pitcairn on the 27th March 1998
1176# with regard to Pitcairn Standard Time. The Proclamation is as follows.
1177#
1178# The local time for general purposes in the Islands shall be
1179# Co-ordinated Universal time minus 8 hours and shall be known
1180# as Pitcairn Standard Time.
1181#
1182# ... I have also seen Pitcairn listed as UTC minus 9 hours in several
1183# references, and can only assume that this was an error in interpretation
1184# somehow in light of this proclamation.
1185
1186# From Rives McDow (1999-11-09):
1187# The Proclamation regarding Pitcairn time came into effect on 27 April 1998
1188# ... at midnight.
1189
1190# From Howie Phelps (1999-11-10), who talked to a Pitcairner via shortwave:
1191# Betty Christian told me yesterday that their local time is the same as
1192# Pacific Standard Time. They used to be 1/2 hour different from us here in
1193# Sacramento but it was changed a couple of years ago.
1194
1195
1196# Samoa
1197
1198# Howse writes (p 153, citing p 10 of the 1883-11-18 New York Herald)
1199# that in 1879 the King of Samoa decided to change
1200# ``the date in his kingdom from the Antipodean to the American system,
1201# ordaining -- by a masterpiece of diplomatic flattery -- that
1202# the Fourth of July should be celebrated twice in that year.''
1203
1204
1205# Tonga
1206
1207# From Paul Eggert (1996-01-22):
1208# Today's _Wall Street Journal_ (p 1) reports that ``Tonga has been plotting
1209# to sneak ahead of [New Zealanders] by introducing daylight-saving time.''
1210# Since Kiribati has moved the Date Line it's not clear what Tonga will do.
1211
1212# Don Mundell writes in the 1997-02-20 Tonga Chronicle
1213# <a href="http://www.tongatapu.net.to/tonga/homeland/timebegins.htm">
1214# How Tonga became `The Land where Time Begins'
1215# </a>:
1216
1217# Until 1941 Tonga maintained a standard time 50 minutes ahead of NZST
1218# 12 hours and 20 minutes ahead of GMT. When New Zealand adjusted its
1219# standard time in 1940s, Tonga had the choice of subtracting from its
1220# local time to come on the same standard time as New Zealand or of
1221# advancing its time to maintain the differential of 13 degrees
1222# (approximately 50 minutes ahead of New Zealand time).
1223#
1224# Because His Majesty King Taufa'ahau Tupou IV, then Crown Prince
1225# Tungi, preferred to ensure Tonga's title as the land where time
1226# begins, the Legislative Assembly approved the latter change.
1227#
1228# But some of the older, more conservative members from the outer
1229# islands objected. "If at midnight on Dec. 31, we move ahead 40
1230# minutes, as your Royal Highness wishes, what becomes of the 40
1231# minutes we have lost?"
1232#
1233# The Crown Prince, presented an unanswerable argument: "Remember that
1234# on the World Day of Prayer, you would be the first people on Earth
1235# to say your prayers in the morning."
1236
1237# From Paul Eggert (1999-08-12):
1238# Shanks says the transition was on 1968-10-01; go with Mundell.
1239
1240# From Eric Ulevik (1999-05-03):
1241# Tonga's director of tourism, who is also secretary of the National Millenium
1242# Committee, has a plan to get Tonga back in front.
1243# He has proposed a one-off move to tropical daylight saving for Tonga from
1244# October to March, which has won approval in principle from the Tongan
1245# Government.
1246
| 1188# ``I am certain, having lived there for the past decade, that "Truk"
1189# (now properly known as Chuuk) ... is in the time zone GMT+10.''
1190#
1191# Shanks writes that Truk switched from UTC+10 to UTC+11 on 1978-10-01;
1192# ignore this for now.
1193
1194# From Paul Eggert (1999-10-29):
1195# The Federated States of Micronesia Visitors Board writes in
1196# <a href="http://www.fsmgov.org/info/clocks.html">
1197# The Federated States of Micronesia - Visitor Information
1198# </a> (1999-01-26)
1199# that Truk and Yap are UTC+10, and Ponape and Kosrae are UTC+11.
1200# We don't know when Kosrae switched from UTC+12; assume January 1 for now.
1201
1202
1203# Midway
1204
1205# From Charles T O'Connor, KMTH DJ (1956),
1206# quoted in the KTMH section of the Radio Heritage Collection
1207# <http://radiodx.com/spdxr/KMTH.htm> (2002-12-31):
1208# For the past two months we've been on what is known as Daylight
1209# Saving Time. This time has put us on air at 5am in the morning,
1210# your time down there in New Zealand. Starting September 2, 1956
1211# we'll again go back to Standard Time. This'll mean that we'll go to
1212# air at 6am your time.
1213#
1214# From Paul Eggert (2003-03-23):
1215# We don't know the date of that quote, but we'll guess they
1216# started DST on June 3. Possibly DST was observed other years
1217# in Midway, but we have no record of it.
1218
1219
1220# Pitcairn
1221
1222# From Rives McDow (1999-11-08):
1223# A Proclamation was signed by the Governor of Pitcairn on the 27th March 1998
1224# with regard to Pitcairn Standard Time. The Proclamation is as follows.
1225#
1226# The local time for general purposes in the Islands shall be
1227# Co-ordinated Universal time minus 8 hours and shall be known
1228# as Pitcairn Standard Time.
1229#
1230# ... I have also seen Pitcairn listed as UTC minus 9 hours in several
1231# references, and can only assume that this was an error in interpretation
1232# somehow in light of this proclamation.
1233
1234# From Rives McDow (1999-11-09):
1235# The Proclamation regarding Pitcairn time came into effect on 27 April 1998
1236# ... at midnight.
1237
1238# From Howie Phelps (1999-11-10), who talked to a Pitcairner via shortwave:
1239# Betty Christian told me yesterday that their local time is the same as
1240# Pacific Standard Time. They used to be 1/2 hour different from us here in
1241# Sacramento but it was changed a couple of years ago.
1242
1243
1244# Samoa
1245
1246# Howse writes (p 153, citing p 10 of the 1883-11-18 New York Herald)
1247# that in 1879 the King of Samoa decided to change
1248# ``the date in his kingdom from the Antipodean to the American system,
1249# ordaining -- by a masterpiece of diplomatic flattery -- that
1250# the Fourth of July should be celebrated twice in that year.''
1251
1252
1253# Tonga
1254
1255# From Paul Eggert (1996-01-22):
1256# Today's _Wall Street Journal_ (p 1) reports that ``Tonga has been plotting
1257# to sneak ahead of [New Zealanders] by introducing daylight-saving time.''
1258# Since Kiribati has moved the Date Line it's not clear what Tonga will do.
1259
1260# Don Mundell writes in the 1997-02-20 Tonga Chronicle
1261# <a href="http://www.tongatapu.net.to/tonga/homeland/timebegins.htm">
1262# How Tonga became `The Land where Time Begins'
1263# </a>:
1264
1265# Until 1941 Tonga maintained a standard time 50 minutes ahead of NZST
1266# 12 hours and 20 minutes ahead of GMT. When New Zealand adjusted its
1267# standard time in 1940s, Tonga had the choice of subtracting from its
1268# local time to come on the same standard time as New Zealand or of
1269# advancing its time to maintain the differential of 13 degrees
1270# (approximately 50 minutes ahead of New Zealand time).
1271#
1272# Because His Majesty King Taufa'ahau Tupou IV, then Crown Prince
1273# Tungi, preferred to ensure Tonga's title as the land where time
1274# begins, the Legislative Assembly approved the latter change.
1275#
1276# But some of the older, more conservative members from the outer
1277# islands objected. "If at midnight on Dec. 31, we move ahead 40
1278# minutes, as your Royal Highness wishes, what becomes of the 40
1279# minutes we have lost?"
1280#
1281# The Crown Prince, presented an unanswerable argument: "Remember that
1282# on the World Day of Prayer, you would be the first people on Earth
1283# to say your prayers in the morning."
1284
1285# From Paul Eggert (1999-08-12):
1286# Shanks says the transition was on 1968-10-01; go with Mundell.
1287
1288# From Eric Ulevik (1999-05-03):
1289# Tonga's director of tourism, who is also secretary of the National Millenium
1290# Committee, has a plan to get Tonga back in front.
1291# He has proposed a one-off move to tropical daylight saving for Tonga from
1292# October to March, which has won approval in principle from the Tongan
1293# Government.
1294
|
1247# From Steffen Thorsen [straen@thorsen.priv.no] (1999-09-09):
| 1295# From Steffen Thorsen (1999-09-09):
|
1248# * Tonga will introduce DST in November
1249#
| 1296# * Tonga will introduce DST in November
1297#
|
1250# I was given this link by John Letts <johnletts@earthlink.net>:
| 1298# I was given this link by John Letts:
|
1251# <a hef="http://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/world/asia-pacific/newsid_424000/424764.stm">
1252# http://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/world/asia-pacific/newsid_424000/424764.stm
1253# </a>
1254#
1255# I have not been able to find exact dates for the transition in November
1256# yet. By reading this article it seems like Fiji will be 14 hours ahead
1257# of UTC as well, but as far as I know Fiji will only be 13 hours ahead
1258# (12 + 1 hour DST).
1259
| 1299# <a hef="http://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/world/asia-pacific/newsid_424000/424764.stm">
1300# http://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/world/asia-pacific/newsid_424000/424764.stm
1301# </a>
1302#
1303# I have not been able to find exact dates for the transition in November
1304# yet. By reading this article it seems like Fiji will be 14 hours ahead
1305# of UTC as well, but as far as I know Fiji will only be 13 hours ahead
1306# (12 + 1 hour DST).
1307
|
1260# From Arthur David Olson [arthur_david_olson@nih.gov] (1999-09-20):
| 1308# From Arthur David Olson (1999-09-20):
|
1261# According to <a href="http://www.tongaonline.com/news/sept1799.html>
1262# http://www.tongaonline.com/news/sept1799.html
1263# </a>:
1264# "Daylight Savings Time will take effect on Oct. 2 through April 15, 2000
1265# and annually thereafter from the first Saturday in October through the
1266# third Saturday of April. Under the system approved by Privy Council on
1267# Sept. 10, clocks must be turned ahead one hour on the opening day and
1268# set back an hour on the closing date."
1269# Alas, no indication of the time of day.
1270
1271# From Rives McDow (1999-10-06):
1272# Tonga started its Daylight Saving on Saturday morning October 2nd at 0200am.
1273# Daylight Saving ends on April 16 at 0300am which is Sunday morning.
1274
1275# From Steffen Thorsen (2000-10-31):
1276# Back in March I found a notice on the website http://www.tongaonline.com
1277# that Tonga changed back to standard time one month early, on March 19
1278# instead of the original reported date April 16. Unfortunately, the article
1279# is no longer available on the site, and I did not make a copy of the
1280# text, and I have forgotten to report it here.
1281# (Original URL was: http://www.tongaonline.com/news/march162000.htm )
1282
1283# From Rives McDow (2000-12-01):
1284# Tonga is observing DST as of 2000-11-04 and will stop on 2001-01-27.
1285
1286# From Sione Moala-Mafi (2001-09-20) via Rives McDow:
1287# At 2:00am on the first Sunday of November, the standard time in the Kingdom
1288# shall be moved forward by one hour to 3:00am. At 2:00am on the last Sunday
1289# of January the standard time in the Kingdom shall be moved backward by one
1290# hour to 1:00am.
1291
1292# From Pulu 'Anau (2002-11-05):
1293# The law was for 3 years, supposedly to get renewed. It wasn't.
1294
1295
1296# Wake
1297
1298# From Vernice Anderson, Personal Secretary to Philip Jessup,
1299# US Ambassador At Large (oral history interview, 1971-02-02):
1300#
1301# Saturday, the 14th [of October, 1950] -- ... The time was all the
1302# more confusing at that point, because we had crossed the
1303# International Date Line, thus getting two Sundays. Furthermore, we
1304# discovered that Wake Island had two hours of daylight saving time
1305# making calculation of time in Washington difficult if not almost
1306# impossible.
1307#
1308# http://www.trumanlibrary.org/wake/meeting.htm
1309
1310# From Paul Eggert (2003-03-23):
1311# We have no other report of DST in Wake Island, so omit this info for now.
1312
1313###############################################################################
1314
1315# The International Date Line
1316
1317# From Gwillim Law (2000-01-03):
1318#
1319# The International Date Line is not defined by any international standard,
1320# convention, or treaty. Mapmakers are free to draw it as they please.
1321# Reputable mapmakers will simply ensure that every point of land appears on
1322# the correct side of the IDL, according to the date legally observed there.
1323#
1324# When Kiribati adopted a uniform date in 1995, thereby moving the Phoenix and
1325# Line Islands to the west side of the IDL (or, if you prefer, moving the IDL
1326# to the east side of the Phoenix and Line Islands), I suppose that most
1327# mapmakers redrew the IDL following the boundary of Kiribati. Even that line
1328# has a rather arbitrary nature. The straight-line boundaries between Pacific
1329# island nations that are shown on many maps are based on an international
1330# convention, but are not legally binding national borders.
1331#
1332# An Anglo-French Conference on Time-Keeping at Sea (June, 1917) agreed that
1333# legal time on the high seas would be zone time, i.e., the standard time at
1334# the nearest meridian that is a multiple of fifteen degrees. The date is
1335# governed by the IDL; therefore, even on the high seas, there may be some
1336# places as late as fourteen hours later than UTC. And, since the IDL is not
1337# an international standard, there are some places on the high seas where the
1338# correct date is ambiguous.
| 1309# According to <a href="http://www.tongaonline.com/news/sept1799.html>
1310# http://www.tongaonline.com/news/sept1799.html
1311# </a>:
1312# "Daylight Savings Time will take effect on Oct. 2 through April 15, 2000
1313# and annually thereafter from the first Saturday in October through the
1314# third Saturday of April. Under the system approved by Privy Council on
1315# Sept. 10, clocks must be turned ahead one hour on the opening day and
1316# set back an hour on the closing date."
1317# Alas, no indication of the time of day.
1318
1319# From Rives McDow (1999-10-06):
1320# Tonga started its Daylight Saving on Saturday morning October 2nd at 0200am.
1321# Daylight Saving ends on April 16 at 0300am which is Sunday morning.
1322
1323# From Steffen Thorsen (2000-10-31):
1324# Back in March I found a notice on the website http://www.tongaonline.com
1325# that Tonga changed back to standard time one month early, on March 19
1326# instead of the original reported date April 16. Unfortunately, the article
1327# is no longer available on the site, and I did not make a copy of the
1328# text, and I have forgotten to report it here.
1329# (Original URL was: http://www.tongaonline.com/news/march162000.htm )
1330
1331# From Rives McDow (2000-12-01):
1332# Tonga is observing DST as of 2000-11-04 and will stop on 2001-01-27.
1333
1334# From Sione Moala-Mafi (2001-09-20) via Rives McDow:
1335# At 2:00am on the first Sunday of November, the standard time in the Kingdom
1336# shall be moved forward by one hour to 3:00am. At 2:00am on the last Sunday
1337# of January the standard time in the Kingdom shall be moved backward by one
1338# hour to 1:00am.
1339
1340# From Pulu 'Anau (2002-11-05):
1341# The law was for 3 years, supposedly to get renewed. It wasn't.
1342
1343
1344# Wake
1345
1346# From Vernice Anderson, Personal Secretary to Philip Jessup,
1347# US Ambassador At Large (oral history interview, 1971-02-02):
1348#
1349# Saturday, the 14th [of October, 1950] -- ... The time was all the
1350# more confusing at that point, because we had crossed the
1351# International Date Line, thus getting two Sundays. Furthermore, we
1352# discovered that Wake Island had two hours of daylight saving time
1353# making calculation of time in Washington difficult if not almost
1354# impossible.
1355#
1356# http://www.trumanlibrary.org/wake/meeting.htm
1357
1358# From Paul Eggert (2003-03-23):
1359# We have no other report of DST in Wake Island, so omit this info for now.
1360
1361###############################################################################
1362
1363# The International Date Line
1364
1365# From Gwillim Law (2000-01-03):
1366#
1367# The International Date Line is not defined by any international standard,
1368# convention, or treaty. Mapmakers are free to draw it as they please.
1369# Reputable mapmakers will simply ensure that every point of land appears on
1370# the correct side of the IDL, according to the date legally observed there.
1371#
1372# When Kiribati adopted a uniform date in 1995, thereby moving the Phoenix and
1373# Line Islands to the west side of the IDL (or, if you prefer, moving the IDL
1374# to the east side of the Phoenix and Line Islands), I suppose that most
1375# mapmakers redrew the IDL following the boundary of Kiribati. Even that line
1376# has a rather arbitrary nature. The straight-line boundaries between Pacific
1377# island nations that are shown on many maps are based on an international
1378# convention, but are not legally binding national borders.
1379#
1380# An Anglo-French Conference on Time-Keeping at Sea (June, 1917) agreed that
1381# legal time on the high seas would be zone time, i.e., the standard time at
1382# the nearest meridian that is a multiple of fifteen degrees. The date is
1383# governed by the IDL; therefore, even on the high seas, there may be some
1384# places as late as fourteen hours later than UTC. And, since the IDL is not
1385# an international standard, there are some places on the high seas where the
1386# correct date is ambiguous.
|
| 1387
1388# From Paul Eggert, using references suggested by Oscar van Vlijmen
1389# (2005-03-20):
1390#
1391# The American Practical Navigator (2002)
1392# <http://pollux.nss.nima.mil/pubs/pubs_j_apn_sections.html?rid=187>
1393# talks only about the 180-degree meridian with respect to ships in
1394# international waters; it ignores the international date line.
|
| |