| africa (43543) | africa (58787) |
|---|---|
| 1# @(#)africa 7.26 | 1# @(#)africa 7.33 2# $FreeBSD: head/share/zoneinfo/africa 58787 2000-03-29 14:01:46Z ru $ |
| 2 3# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better, 4# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to 5# tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future). 6 | 3 4# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better, 5# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to 6# tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future). 7 |
| 7# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1997-10-05): | 8# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1999-03-22): |
| 8# 9# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is | 9# 10# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is |
| 10# Thomas G. Shanks, The International Atlas (4th edition), 11# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1995). | 11# Thomas G. Shanks, The International Atlas (5th edition), 12# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1999). |
| 12# | 13# |
| 13# Gwillim Law <LAW@encmail.encompass.com> writes that a good source | 14# Gwillim Law <Gwil_Law@bridge-point.com> writes that a good source |
| 14# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport 15# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM), 16# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries 17# of the IATA's data after 1990. 18# 19# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks is the source for entries through 1990, 20# and IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990. 21# 22# Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences, 23# Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which 24# I found in the UCLA library. 25# 26# A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is | 15# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport 16# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM), 17# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries 18# of the IATA's data after 1990. 19# 20# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks is the source for entries through 1990, 21# and IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990. 22# 23# Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences, 24# Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which 25# I found in the UCLA library. 26# 27# A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is |
| 27# Derek Howse, Greenwich time and the discovery of the longitude, 28# Oxford University Press (1980). | 28# Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997). |
| 29# 30# Previous editions of this database used WAT, CAT, SAT, and EAT 31# for +0:00 through +3:00, respectively, 32# but Mark R V Murray <markm@iafrica.com> reports that 33# `SAST' is the official abbreviation for +2:00 in the country of South Africa, 34# `CAT' is commonly used for +2:00 in countries north of South Africa, and 35# `WAT' is probably the best name for +1:00, as the common phrase for 36# the area that includes Nigeria is ``West Africa''. --- 166 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 203Rule Egypt 1966 1994 - Oct 1 3:00 0 - 204Rule Egypt 1982 only - Jul 25 1:00 1:00 S 205Rule Egypt 1983 only - Jul 12 1:00 1:00 S 206Rule Egypt 1984 1988 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S 207Rule Egypt 1989 only - May 6 1:00 1:00 S 208Rule Egypt 1990 1994 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S 209# IATA (after 1990) says transitions are at 0:00. 210# Go with IATA starting in 1995, except correct 1995 entry from 09-30 to 09-29. | 29# 30# Previous editions of this database used WAT, CAT, SAT, and EAT 31# for +0:00 through +3:00, respectively, 32# but Mark R V Murray <markm@iafrica.com> reports that 33# `SAST' is the official abbreviation for +2:00 in the country of South Africa, 34# `CAT' is commonly used for +2:00 in countries north of South Africa, and 35# `WAT' is probably the best name for +1:00, as the common phrase for 36# the area that includes Nigeria is ``West Africa''. --- 166 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 203Rule Egypt 1966 1994 - Oct 1 3:00 0 - 204Rule Egypt 1982 only - Jul 25 1:00 1:00 S 205Rule Egypt 1983 only - Jul 12 1:00 1:00 S 206Rule Egypt 1984 1988 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S 207Rule Egypt 1989 only - May 6 1:00 1:00 S 208Rule Egypt 1990 1994 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S 209# IATA (after 1990) says transitions are at 0:00. 210# Go with IATA starting in 1995, except correct 1995 entry from 09-30 to 09-29. |
| 211Rule Egypt 1995 max - Apr Fri>=22 0:00s 1:00 S | 211Rule Egypt 1995 max - Apr lastFri 0:00s 1:00 S |
| 212Rule Egypt 1995 max - Sep lastThu 23:00s 0 - 213 214# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 215Zone Africa/Cairo 2:05:00 - LMT 1900 Oct 216 2:00 Egypt EE%sT 217 218# Equatorial Guinea 219# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] --- 70 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 290# Liberia 291# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1993-11-18): 292# In 1972 Liberia was the last country to switch 293# from a UTC offset that was not a multiple of 15 minutes. 294# Howse reports that it was in honor of their president's birthday. 295# Shanks reports the date as May 1, whereas Howse reports Jan; go with Shanks. 296# For Liberia before 1972, Shanks reports -0:44, whereas Howse and Whitman 297# each report -0:44:30; go with the more precise figure. | 212Rule Egypt 1995 max - Sep lastThu 23:00s 0 - 213 214# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 215Zone Africa/Cairo 2:05:00 - LMT 1900 Oct 216 2:00 Egypt EE%sT 217 218# Equatorial Guinea 219# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] --- 70 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 290# Liberia 291# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1993-11-18): 292# In 1972 Liberia was the last country to switch 293# from a UTC offset that was not a multiple of 15 minutes. 294# Howse reports that it was in honor of their president's birthday. 295# Shanks reports the date as May 1, whereas Howse reports Jan; go with Shanks. 296# For Liberia before 1972, Shanks reports -0:44, whereas Howse and Whitman 297# each report -0:44:30; go with the more precise figure. |
| 298# 299# From Shanks, as corrected by Whitman: | |
| 300# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 301Zone Africa/Monrovia -0:43:08 - LMT 1882 302 -0:43:08 - MMT 1919 Mar # Monrovia Mean Time 303 -0:44:30 - LRT 1972 May # Liberia Time 304 0:00 - GMT 305 306############################################################################### 307 --- 8 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 316Rule Libya 1956 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 - 317Rule Libya 1982 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 318Rule Libya 1982 1985 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 319Rule Libya 1985 only - Apr 6 0:00 1:00 S 320Rule Libya 1986 only - Apr 4 0:00 1:00 S 321Rule Libya 1986 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 - 322Rule Libya 1987 1989 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 323Rule Libya 1987 1990 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - | 298# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 299Zone Africa/Monrovia -0:43:08 - LMT 1882 300 -0:43:08 - MMT 1919 Mar # Monrovia Mean Time 301 -0:44:30 - LRT 1972 May # Liberia Time 302 0:00 - GMT 303 304############################################################################### 305 --- 8 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 314Rule Libya 1956 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 - 315Rule Libya 1982 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 316Rule Libya 1982 1985 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 317Rule Libya 1985 only - Apr 6 0:00 1:00 S 318Rule Libya 1986 only - Apr 4 0:00 1:00 S 319Rule Libya 1986 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 - 320Rule Libya 1987 1989 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 321Rule Libya 1987 1990 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - |
| 324Rule Libya 1990 only - May 4 0:00 1:00 S 325Rule Libya 1996 only - Mar 30 2:00s 1:00 S 326Rule Libya 1996 only - Sep 30 2:00s 0 - 327Rule Libya 1997 only - Apr 4 0:00 1:00 S 328Rule Libya 1997 only - Oct 4 0:00 0 - | |
| 329# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 330Zone Africa/Tripoli 0:52:44 - LMT 1920 331 1:00 Libya CE%sT 1959 332 2:00 - EET 1982 | 322# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 323Zone Africa/Tripoli 0:52:44 - LMT 1920 324 1:00 Libya CE%sT 1959 325 2:00 - EET 1982 |
| 333 1:00 Libya CE%sT 1991 334 2:00 - EET 1996 Mar 30 3:00 335 1:00 Libya CE%sT 1997 Oct 4 0:00 | 326 1:00 Libya CE%sT 1990 May 4 327# The following entries are all from Shanks; 328# the IATA SSIM data contain some obvious errors. 329 2:00 - EET 1996 Sep 30 330 1:00 - CET 1997 Apr 4 331 1:00 1:00 CEST 1997 Oct 4 |
| 336 2:00 - EET 337 338# Madagascar 339# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 340Zone Indian/Antananarivo 3:10:04 - LMT 1911 Jul 341 3:00 - EAT 1954 Feb 27 23:00s 342 3:00 1:00 EAST 1954 May 29 23:00s 343 3:00 - EAT --- 61 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 405 0:00 - WET 406 407# Mozambique 408# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 409Zone Africa/Maputo 2:10:20 - LMT 1903 Mar 410 2:00 - CAT 411 412# Namibia | 332 2:00 - EET 333 334# Madagascar 335# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 336Zone Indian/Antananarivo 3:10:04 - LMT 1911 Jul 337 3:00 - EAT 1954 Feb 27 23:00s 338 3:00 1:00 EAST 1954 May 29 23:00s 339 3:00 - EAT --- 61 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 401 0:00 - WET 402 403# Mozambique 404# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 405Zone Africa/Maputo 2:10:20 - LMT 1903 Mar 406 2:00 - CAT 407 408# Namibia |
| 413# Shanks says DST transitions are at 0:00; go with IATA. | |
| 414# The 1994-04-03 transition is from Shanks. | 409# The 1994-04-03 transition is from Shanks. |
| 410# Shanks reports no DST after 1998-04; go with IATA. |
|
| 415# RULE NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 416Rule Namibia 1994 max - Sep Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S 417Rule Namibia 1995 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 0 - 418# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 419Zone Africa/Windhoek 1:08:24 - LMT 1892 Feb 8 420 1:30 - SWAT 1903 Mar # SW Africa Time 421 2:00 - SAST 1942 Sep 20 2:00 422 2:00 1:00 SAST 1943 Mar 21 2:00 --- 15 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 438 439# Reunion 440# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 441Zone Indian/Reunion 3:41:52 - LMT 1911 Jun # Saint-Denis 442 4:00 - RET # Reunion Time 443# 444# Scattered Islands (Iles Eparses) administered from Reunion are as follows. 445# The following information about them is taken from | 411# RULE NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 412Rule Namibia 1994 max - Sep Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S 413Rule Namibia 1995 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 0 - 414# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 415Zone Africa/Windhoek 1:08:24 - LMT 1892 Feb 8 416 1:30 - SWAT 1903 Mar # SW Africa Time 417 2:00 - SAST 1942 Sep 20 2:00 418 2:00 1:00 SAST 1943 Mar 21 2:00 --- 15 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 434 435# Reunion 436# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 437Zone Indian/Reunion 3:41:52 - LMT 1911 Jun # Saint-Denis 438 4:00 - RET # Reunion Time 439# 440# Scattered Islands (Iles Eparses) administered from Reunion are as follows. 441# The following information about them is taken from |
| 446# <a href="http://www.outre-mer.gouv.fr/domtom/ile.htm"> 447# Iles Eparses 448# </a> 449# (1997-07-22, in French). We have no info about their time zone histories. | 442# Iles Eparses (www.outre-mer.gouv.fr/domtom/ile.htm, 1997-07-22, in French; 443# no longer available as of 1999-08-17). 444# We have no info about their time zone histories. |
| 450# 451# Bassas da India - uninhabited 452# Europa Island - inhabited from 1905 to 1910 by two families 453# Glorioso Is - inhabited until at least 1958 454# Juan de Nova - uninhabited 455# Tromelin - inhabited until at least 1958 456 457# Rwanda 458# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 459Zone Africa/Kigali 2:00:16 - LMT 1935 Jun 460 2:00 - CAT 461 462# St Helena | 445# 446# Bassas da India - uninhabited 447# Europa Island - inhabited from 1905 to 1910 by two families 448# Glorioso Is - inhabited until at least 1958 449# Juan de Nova - uninhabited 450# Tromelin - inhabited until at least 1958 451 452# Rwanda 453# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 454Zone Africa/Kigali 2:00:16 - LMT 1935 Jun 455 2:00 - CAT 456 457# St Helena |
| 463# From Paul Eggert (1997-10-05): 464# Shanks says St Helena was 1W26 (-0:05:44) from 1890 to 1951, 465# but this is most likely a typo for 5W42, the longitude of Jamestown. | |
| 466# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 467Zone Atlantic/St_Helena -0:22:48 - LMT 1890 # Jamestown 468 -0:22:48 - JMT 1951 # Jamestown Mean Time 469 0:00 - GMT 470# The other parts of the St Helena territory are similar: 471# Tristan da Cunha: on GMT, say Whitman and the CIA 472# Ascension: on GMT, says usno1995 and the CIA | 458# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 459Zone Atlantic/St_Helena -0:22:48 - LMT 1890 # Jamestown 460 -0:22:48 - JMT 1951 # Jamestown Mean Time 461 0:00 - GMT 462# The other parts of the St Helena territory are similar: 463# Tristan da Cunha: on GMT, say Whitman and the CIA 464# Ascension: on GMT, says usno1995 and the CIA |
| 473# Gough (scientific station since 1955): on GMT, says the CIA | 465# Gough (scientific station since 1955; sealers wintered previously): 466# on GMT, says the CIA |
| 474# Inaccessible, Nightingale: no information, but probably GMT 475 476# Sao Tome and Principe 477# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 478Zone Africa/Sao_Tome 0:26:56 - LMT 1884 479 -0:36:32 - LMT 1912 # Lisbon Mean Time 480 0:00 - GMT 481 --- 31 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 513# South Africa 514# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 515Rule SA 1942 1943 - Sep Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 - 516Rule SA 1943 1944 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00 0 - 517# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 518Zone Africa/Johannesburg 1:52:00 - LMT 1892 Feb 8 519 1:30 - SAST 1903 Mar 520 2:00 SA SAST | 467# Inaccessible, Nightingale: no information, but probably GMT 468 469# Sao Tome and Principe 470# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 471Zone Africa/Sao_Tome 0:26:56 - LMT 1884 472 -0:36:32 - LMT 1912 # Lisbon Mean Time 473 0:00 - GMT 474 --- 31 unchanged lines hidden (view full) --- 506# South Africa 507# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 508Rule SA 1942 1943 - Sep Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 - 509Rule SA 1943 1944 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00 0 - 510# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 511Zone Africa/Johannesburg 1:52:00 - LMT 1892 Feb 8 512 1:30 - SAST 1903 Mar 513 2:00 SA SAST |
| 521# Shanks erroneously claims that most of South Africa switched to 1:00 522# on 1994-04-03 at 00:00. 523# | |
| 524# Marion and Prince Edward Is | 514# Marion and Prince Edward Is |
| 525# weather station since 1947 | 515# scientific station since 1947 |
| 526# no information 527 528# Sudan | 516# no information 517 518# Sudan |
| 529# From Michael Ross <mross@antigone.com> (1995-11-15): 530# Sudan no longer observes any form of daylight time change. 531# I verified this today by telephone with the Sudan Mission to the 532# United Nations: 212-573-6033 | 519# 520# From <a href="http://www.sunanews.net/sn13jane.html"> 521# Sudan News Agency (2000-01-13) 522# </a>, also reported by Michael De Beukelaer-Dossche via Steffen Thorsen: 523# Clocks will be moved ahead for 60 minutes all over the Sudan as of noon 524# Saturday.... This was announced Thursday by Caretaker State Minister for 525# Manpower Abdul-Rahman Nur-Eddin. 526# |
| 533# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 534Rule Sudan 1970 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 535Rule Sudan 1970 1985 - Oct 15 0:00 0 - 536Rule Sudan 1971 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S 537Rule Sudan 1972 1985 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 538# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 539Zone Africa/Khartoum 2:10:08 - LMT 1931 | 527# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 528Rule Sudan 1970 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 529Rule Sudan 1970 1985 - Oct 15 0:00 0 - 530Rule Sudan 1971 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S 531Rule Sudan 1972 1985 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 532# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 533Zone Africa/Khartoum 2:10:08 - LMT 1931 |
| 540 2:00 Sudan CA%sT | 534 2:00 Sudan CA%sT 2000 Jan 15 12:00 535 3:00 - EAT |
| 541 542# Swaziland 543# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 544Zone Africa/Mbabane 2:04:24 - LMT 1903 Mar 545 2:00 - SAST 546 547# Tanzania 548# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] --- 57 unchanged lines hidden --- | 536 537# Swaziland 538# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 539Zone Africa/Mbabane 2:04:24 - LMT 1903 Mar 540 2:00 - SAST 541 542# Tanzania 543# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] --- 57 unchanged lines hidden --- |